src/compatibility/cts-development.md

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# CTS Development #

## Initializing Your Repo Client ##

Follow the [instructions](/source/downloading.html)
to get and build the Android source code but specify `-b froyo`
when issuing the `repo init` command. This assures that your CTS
changes will be included in the next CTS release and beyond.

## Setting Up Eclipse ##

Follow the [instructions](/source/using-eclipse.html)
to setup Eclipse but execute the following command to generate the
`.classpath` file rather than copying the one from the development
project:

    cd /path/to/android/root
    ./cts/development/ide/eclipse/genclasspath.sh > .classpath
    chmod u+w .classpath

This `.classpath` file will contain both the Android framework
packages and the CTS packages.

## Building and Running CTS ##

Execute the following commands to build CTS and start the interactive
CTS console:

    cd /path/to/android/root
    make cts
    cts

Provide arguments to CTS to immediately start executing a test:

    cts start --plan CTS -p android.os.cts.BuildVersionTest

## Writing CTS Tests ##

CTS tests use JUnit and the Android testing APIs. Review the 
[Testing and Instrumentation](http://d.android.com/guide/topics/testing/testing_android.html) 
tutorial while perusing the existing tests under the
`cts/tests/tests` directory. You will see that CTS tests mostly follow the same
conventions used in other Android tests.

Since CTS runs across many production devices, the tests must follow
these rules:

- Must take into account varying screen sizes, orientations, and keyboard layouts.
- Only use public API methods. In other words, avoid all classes, methods, and fields that are annotated with the "hide" annotation.
- Avoid relying upon particular view layouts or depend on the dimensions of assets that may not be on some device.
- Don't rely upon root privileges.

### Test Naming and Location ###

Most CTS test cases target a specific class in the Android API. These tests
have Java package names with a `cts` suffix and class
names with the `Test` suffix. Each test case consists of
multiple tests, where each test usually exercises a particular API method of
the API class being tested. Each test is annotated with a `@TestTargetNew`
annotation to indicate what API method is being exercised. These tests are
arranged in a directory structure where tests are grouped into different
categories like "widgets" and "views."

For example, the CTS test for `android.widget.TextView` is
`android.widget.cts.TextViewTest` found under the
`cts/tests/tests/widget/src/android/widget/cts` directory with its
Java package name as `android.widget.cts` and its class name as
`TextViewTest`. The `TextViewTest` class has a test called `testSetText`
that exercises the "setText" method and a test named "testSetSingleLine" that
calls the `setSingleLine` method. Each of those tests have `@TestTargetNew`
annotations indicating what they cover.

Some CTS tests do not directly correspond to an API class but are placed in
the most related package possible. For instance, the CTS test,
`android.net.cts.ListeningPortsTest`, is in the `android.net.cts`, because it
is network related even though there is no `android.net.ListeningPorts` class.
Thus, use your best judgement when adding new tests and refer to other tests
as examples.

### New Test Packages ###

When adding new tests, there may not be an existing directory to place your
test. In that case, refer to the example under `cts/tests/tests/example` and
create a new directory. Furthermore, make sure to add your new package's
module name from its `Android.mk` to `CTS_COVERAGE_TEST_CASE_LIST` in
`cts/CtsTestCaseList.mk`. This Makefile is used by `build/core/tasks/cts.mk`
to glue all the tests together to create the final CTS package.

### Test Stubs and Utilities ###

Some tests use additional infrastructure like separate activities
and various utilities to perform tests. These are located under the
`cts/tests/src` directory. These stubs aren't separated into separate test
APKs like the tests, so the `cts/tests/src` directory does not have additional
top level directories like "widget" or "view." Follow the same principle of
putting new classes into a package with a name that correlates to the purpose
of your new class. For instance, a stub activity used for testing OpenGL like
`GLSurfaceViewStubActivity` belongs in the `android.opengl.cts` package under
the `cts/tests/src/android/opengl` directory.

## Other Tasks ##

Besides adding new tests there are other ways to contribute to CTS:

- Fix or remove tests annotated with BrokenTest and KnownFailure.

## Submitting Your Changes ##

Follow the [Android Contributors' Workflow](/source/submit-patches.html)
to contribute changes to CTS. A reviewer
will be assigned to your change, and your change should be reviewed shortly!