Unlike in C++03, a constant-expression is not an unevaluated operand in C++11.
Split out a new ExpressionEvaluationContext flag for this case, and don't treat
it as unevaluated in C++11. This fixes some crash-on-invalids where we would
allow references to class members in potentially-evaluated constant expressions
in static member functions, and also fixes half of PR10177.

The fix to PR10177 exposed a case where template instantiation failed to provide
a source location for a diagnostic, so TreeTransform has been tweaked to supply
source locations when transforming a type. The source location is still not very
good, but MarkDeclarationsReferencedInType would need to operate on a TypeLoc to
improve it further.

Also fix MarkDeclarationReferenced in C++98 mode to trigger instantiation for
static data members of class templates which are used in constant expressions.
This fixes a link-time problem, but we still incorrectly treat the member as
non-constant. The rest of the fix for that issue is blocked on PCH support for
early-instantiated static data members, which will be added in a subsequent
patch.


git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk@146955 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
diff --git a/test/SemaCXX/PR10177.cpp b/test/SemaCXX/PR10177.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d745de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/SemaCXX/PR10177.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -fsyntax-only -std=c++11 -verify %s
+
+template<typename T, typename U, U> using alias_ref = T;
+template<typename T, typename U, U> void func_ref() {}
+template<typename T, typename U, U> struct class_ref {};
+
+template<int N>
+struct U {
+  static int a;
+};
+
+template<int N> struct S; // expected-note 2{{here}}
+
+template<int N>
+int U<N>::a = S<N>::kError; // expected-error 2{{undefined}}
+
+template<typename T>
+void f() {
+  // FIXME: The standard suggests that U<0>::a is odr-used by this expression,
+  // but it's not entirely clear that's the right behaviour.
+  (void)alias_ref<int, int&, U<0>::a>();
+  (void)func_ref<int, int&, U<1>::a>(); // expected-note {{here}}
+  (void)class_ref<int, int&, U<2>::a>(); // expected-note {{here}}
+};
+
+int main() {
+  f<int>(); // expected-note 2{{here}}
+}
+
+namespace N {
+  template<typename T> struct S { static int n; };
+  template<typename T> int S<T>::n = 5;
+  void g(int*);
+  template<typename T> int f() {
+    int k[S<T>::n];
+    g(k);
+    return k[3];
+  }
+  int j = f<int>();
+}