lib/asan/asan_rtl.cc

//===-- asan_rtl.cc ---------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file is a part of AddressSanitizer, an address sanity checker.
//
// Main file of the ASan run-time library.
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "asan_allocator.h"
#include "asan_interceptors.h"
#include "asan_interface.h"
#include "asan_internal.h"
#include "asan_lock.h"
#include "asan_mapping.h"
#include "asan_stack.h"
#include "asan_stats.h"
#include "asan_thread.h"
#include "asan_thread_registry.h"

namespace __asan {

// -------------------------- Flags ------------------------- {{{1
static const size_t kMallocContextSize = 30;
static int    FLAG_atexit;

size_t FLAG_redzone;  // power of two, >= 32
size_t FLAG_quarantine_size;
int    FLAG_demangle;
bool   FLAG_symbolize;
int    FLAG_v;
int    FLAG_debug;
bool   FLAG_poison_shadow;
int    FLAG_report_globals;
size_t FLAG_malloc_context_size = kMallocContextSize;
uintptr_t FLAG_large_malloc;
bool   FLAG_handle_segv;
bool   FLAG_use_sigaltstack;
bool   FLAG_replace_str;
bool   FLAG_replace_intrin;
bool   FLAG_replace_cfallocator;  // Used on Mac only.
size_t FLAG_max_malloc_fill_size = 0;
bool   FLAG_use_fake_stack;
bool   FLAG_abort_on_error;
int    FLAG_exitcode = ASAN_DEFAULT_FAILURE_EXITCODE;
bool   FLAG_allow_user_poisoning;
int    FLAG_sleep_before_dying;
bool   FLAG_unmap_shadow_on_exit;
bool   FLAG_disable_core;
bool   FLAG_check_malloc_usable_size;

// -------------------------- Globals --------------------- {{{1
int asan_inited;
bool asan_init_is_running;
static void (*death_callback)(void);
static void (*error_report_callback)(const char*);
char *error_message_buffer = NULL;
size_t error_message_buffer_pos = 0;
size_t error_message_buffer_size = 0;

// -------------------------- Misc ---------------- {{{1
void ShowStatsAndAbort() {
  __asan_print_accumulated_stats();
  AsanDie();
}

static void PrintBytes(const char *before, uintptr_t *a) {
  uint8_t *bytes = (uint8_t*)a;
  size_t byte_num = (__WORDSIZE) / 8;
  Printf("%s%p:", before, (void*)a);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < byte_num; i++) {
    Printf(" %x%x", bytes[i] >> 4, bytes[i] & 15);
  }
  Printf("\n");
}

size_t ReadFileToBuffer(const char *file_name, char **buff,
                         size_t *buff_size, size_t max_len) {
  const size_t kMinFileLen = kPageSize;
  size_t read_len = 0;
  *buff = 0;
  *buff_size = 0;
  // The files we usually open are not seekable, so try different buffer sizes.
  for (size_t size = kMinFileLen; size <= max_len; size *= 2) {
    int fd = AsanOpenReadonly(file_name);
    if (fd < 0) return 0;
    AsanUnmapOrDie(*buff, *buff_size);
    *buff = (char*)AsanMmapSomewhereOrDie(size, __FUNCTION__);
    *buff_size = size;
    // Read up to one page at a time.
    read_len = 0;
    bool reached_eof = false;
    while (read_len + kPageSize <= size) {
      size_t just_read = AsanRead(fd, *buff + read_len, kPageSize);
      if (just_read == 0) {
        reached_eof = true;
        break;
      }
      read_len += just_read;
    }
    AsanClose(fd);
    if (reached_eof)  // We've read the whole file.
      break;
  }
  return read_len;
}

void AsanDie() {
  static int num_calls = 0;
  if (AtomicInc(&num_calls) > 1) {
    // Don't die twice - run a busy loop.
    while (1) { }
  }
  if (FLAG_sleep_before_dying) {
    Report("Sleeping for %d second(s)\n", FLAG_sleep_before_dying);
    SleepForSeconds(FLAG_sleep_before_dying);
  }
  if (FLAG_unmap_shadow_on_exit)
    AsanUnmapOrDie((void*)kLowShadowBeg, kHighShadowEnd - kLowShadowBeg);
  if (death_callback)
    death_callback();
  if (FLAG_abort_on_error)
    Abort();
  Exit(FLAG_exitcode);
}

// ---------------------- mmap -------------------- {{{1
void OutOfMemoryMessageAndDie(const char *mem_type, size_t size) {
  Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer failed to allocate "
         "0x%zx (%zd) bytes of %s\n",
         size, size, mem_type);
  PRINT_CURRENT_STACK();
  ShowStatsAndAbort();
}

// Reserve memory range [beg, end].
static void ReserveShadowMemoryRange(uintptr_t beg, uintptr_t end) {
  CHECK((beg % kPageSize) == 0);
  CHECK(((end + 1) % kPageSize) == 0);
  size_t size = end - beg + 1;
  void *res = AsanMmapFixedNoReserve(beg, size);
  CHECK(res == (void*)beg && "ReserveShadowMemoryRange failed");
}

// ---------------------- LowLevelAllocator ------------- {{{1
void *LowLevelAllocator::Allocate(size_t size) {
  CHECK((size & (size - 1)) == 0 && "size must be a power of two");
  if (allocated_end_ - allocated_current_ < size) {
    size_t size_to_allocate = Max(size, kPageSize);
    allocated_current_ =
        (char*)AsanMmapSomewhereOrDie(size_to_allocate, __FUNCTION__);
    allocated_end_ = allocated_current_ + size_to_allocate;
    PoisonShadow((uintptr_t)allocated_current_, size_to_allocate,
                 kAsanInternalHeapMagic);
  }
  CHECK(allocated_end_ - allocated_current_ >= size);
  void *res = allocated_current_;
  allocated_current_ += size;
  return res;
}

// ---------------------- DescribeAddress -------------------- {{{1
static bool DescribeStackAddress(uintptr_t addr, uintptr_t access_size) {
  AsanThread *t = asanThreadRegistry().FindThreadByStackAddress(addr);
  if (!t) return false;
  const intptr_t kBufSize = 4095;
  char buf[kBufSize];
  uintptr_t offset = 0;
  const char *frame_descr = t->GetFrameNameByAddr(addr, &offset);
  // This string is created by the compiler and has the following form:
  // "FunctioName n alloc_1 alloc_2 ... alloc_n"
  // where alloc_i looks like "offset size len ObjectName ".
  CHECK(frame_descr);
  // Report the function name and the offset.
  const char *name_end = internal_strchr(frame_descr, ' ');
  CHECK(name_end);
  buf[0] = 0;
  internal_strncat(buf, frame_descr,
                   Min(kBufSize,
                       static_cast<intptr_t>(name_end - frame_descr)));
  Printf("Address %p is located at offset %zu "
         "in frame <%s> of T%d's stack:\n",
         addr, offset, buf, t->tid());
  // Report the number of stack objects.
  char *p;
  size_t n_objects = internal_simple_strtoll(name_end, &p, 10);
  CHECK(n_objects > 0);
  Printf("  This frame has %zu object(s):\n", n_objects);
  // Report all objects in this frame.
  for (size_t i = 0; i < n_objects; i++) {
    size_t beg, size;
    intptr_t len;
    beg  = internal_simple_strtoll(p, &p, 10);
    size = internal_simple_strtoll(p, &p, 10);
    len  = internal_simple_strtoll(p, &p, 10);
    if (beg <= 0 || size <= 0 || len < 0 || *p != ' ') {
      Printf("AddressSanitizer can't parse the stack frame descriptor: |%s|\n",
             frame_descr);
      break;
    }
    p++;
    buf[0] = 0;
    internal_strncat(buf, p, Min(kBufSize, len));
    p += len;
    Printf("    [%zu, %zu) '%s'\n", beg, beg + size, buf);
  }
  Printf("HINT: this may be a false positive if your program uses "
         "some custom stack unwind mechanism\n"
         "      (longjmp and C++ exceptions *are* supported)\n");
  t->summary()->Announce();
  return true;
}

static NOINLINE void DescribeAddress(uintptr_t addr, uintptr_t access_size) {
  // Check if this is a global.
  if (DescribeAddrIfGlobal(addr))
    return;

  if (DescribeStackAddress(addr, access_size))
    return;

  // finally, check if this is a heap.
  DescribeHeapAddress(addr, access_size);
}

// -------------------------- Run-time entry ------------------- {{{1
// exported functions
#define ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(type, is_write, size)                     \
extern "C" NOINLINE ASAN_INTERFACE_ATTRIBUTE                        \
void __asan_report_ ## type ## size(uintptr_t addr);                \
void __asan_report_ ## type ## size(uintptr_t addr) {               \
  GET_CALLER_PC_BP_SP;                                              \
  __asan_report_error(pc, bp, sp, addr, is_write, size);            \
}

ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(load, false, 1)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(load, false, 2)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(load, false, 4)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(load, false, 8)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(load, false, 16)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(store, true, 1)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(store, true, 2)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(store, true, 4)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(store, true, 8)
ASAN_REPORT_ERROR(store, true, 16)

// Force the linker to keep the symbols for various ASan interface functions.
// We want to keep those in the executable in order to let the instrumented
// dynamic libraries access the symbol even if it is not used by the executable
// itself. This should help if the build system is removing dead code at link
// time.
static NOINLINE void force_interface_symbols() {
  volatile int fake_condition = 0;  // prevent dead condition elimination.
  if (fake_condition) {
    __asan_report_load1(0);
    __asan_report_load2(0);
    __asan_report_load4(0);
    __asan_report_load8(0);
    __asan_report_load16(0);
    __asan_report_store1(0);
    __asan_report_store2(0);
    __asan_report_store4(0);
    __asan_report_store8(0);
    __asan_report_store16(0);
    __asan_register_global(0, 0, NULL);
    __asan_register_globals(NULL, 0);
    __asan_unregister_globals(NULL, 0);
    __asan_set_death_callback(NULL);
    __asan_set_error_report_callback(NULL);
    __asan_handle_no_return();
  }
}

// -------------------------- Init ------------------- {{{1
static int64_t IntFlagValue(const char *flags, const char *flag,
                            int64_t default_val) {
  if (!flags) return default_val;
  const char *str = internal_strstr(flags, flag);
  if (!str) return default_val;
  return internal_atoll(str + internal_strlen(flag));
}

static void asan_atexit() {
  Printf("AddressSanitizer exit stats:\n");
  __asan_print_accumulated_stats();
}

void CheckFailed(const char *cond, const char *file, int line) {
  Report("CHECK failed: %s at %s:%d\n", cond, file, line);
  PRINT_CURRENT_STACK();
  ShowStatsAndAbort();
}

}  // namespace __asan

// ---------------------- Interface ---------------- {{{1
using namespace __asan;  // NOLINT

int __asan_set_error_exit_code(int exit_code) {
  int old = FLAG_exitcode;
  FLAG_exitcode = exit_code;
  return old;
}

void NOINLINE __asan_handle_no_return() {
  int local_stack;
  AsanThread *curr_thread = asanThreadRegistry().GetCurrent();
  CHECK(curr_thread);
  uintptr_t top = curr_thread->stack_top();
  uintptr_t bottom = ((uintptr_t)&local_stack - kPageSize) & ~(kPageSize-1);
  PoisonShadow(bottom, top - bottom, 0);
}

void NOINLINE __asan_set_death_callback(void (*callback)(void)) {
  death_callback = callback;
}

void NOINLINE __asan_set_error_report_callback(void (*callback)(const char*)) {
  error_report_callback = callback;
  if (callback) {
    error_message_buffer_size = 1 << 16;
    error_message_buffer =
        (char*)AsanMmapSomewhereOrDie(error_message_buffer_size, __FUNCTION__);
    error_message_buffer_pos = 0;
  }
}

void __asan_report_error(uintptr_t pc, uintptr_t bp, uintptr_t sp,
                         uintptr_t addr, bool is_write, size_t access_size) {
  // Do not print more than one report, otherwise they will mix up.
  static int num_calls = 0;
  if (AtomicInc(&num_calls) > 1) return;

  Printf("=================================================================\n");
  const char *bug_descr = "unknown-crash";
  if (AddrIsInMem(addr)) {
    uint8_t *shadow_addr = (uint8_t*)MemToShadow(addr);
    // If we are accessing 16 bytes, look at the second shadow byte.
    if (*shadow_addr == 0 && access_size > SHADOW_GRANULARITY)
      shadow_addr++;
    // If we are in the partial right redzone, look at the next shadow byte.
    if (*shadow_addr > 0 && *shadow_addr < 128)
      shadow_addr++;
    switch (*shadow_addr) {
      case kAsanHeapLeftRedzoneMagic:
      case kAsanHeapRightRedzoneMagic:
        bug_descr = "heap-buffer-overflow";
        break;
      case kAsanHeapFreeMagic:
        bug_descr = "heap-use-after-free";
        break;
      case kAsanStackLeftRedzoneMagic:
        bug_descr = "stack-buffer-underflow";
        break;
      case kAsanStackMidRedzoneMagic:
      case kAsanStackRightRedzoneMagic:
      case kAsanStackPartialRedzoneMagic:
        bug_descr = "stack-buffer-overflow";
        break;
      case kAsanStackAfterReturnMagic:
        bug_descr = "stack-use-after-return";
        break;
      case kAsanUserPoisonedMemoryMagic:
        bug_descr = "use-after-poison";
        break;
      case kAsanGlobalRedzoneMagic:
        bug_descr = "global-buffer-overflow";
        break;
    }
  }

  AsanThread *curr_thread = asanThreadRegistry().GetCurrent();
  int curr_tid = asanThreadRegistry().GetCurrentTidOrMinusOne();

  if (curr_thread) {
    // We started reporting an error message. Stop using the fake stack
    // in case we will call an instrumented function from a symbolizer.
    curr_thread->fake_stack().StopUsingFakeStack();
  }

  Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer %s on address "
         "%p at pc 0x%zx bp 0x%zx sp 0x%zx\n",
         bug_descr, addr, pc, bp, sp);

  Printf("%s of size %zu at %p thread T%d\n",
         access_size ? (is_write ? "WRITE" : "READ") : "ACCESS",
         access_size, addr, curr_tid);

  if (FLAG_debug) {
    PrintBytes("PC: ", (uintptr_t*)pc);
  }

  GET_STACK_TRACE_WITH_PC_AND_BP(kStackTraceMax, pc, bp);
  stack.PrintStack();

  CHECK(AddrIsInMem(addr));

  DescribeAddress(addr, access_size);

  uintptr_t shadow_addr = MemToShadow(addr);
  Report("ABORTING\n");
  __asan_print_accumulated_stats();
  Printf("Shadow byte and word:\n");
  Printf("  %p: %x\n", shadow_addr, *(unsigned char*)shadow_addr);
  uintptr_t aligned_shadow = shadow_addr & ~(kWordSize - 1);
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow));
  Printf("More shadow bytes:\n");
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow-4*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow-3*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow-2*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow-1*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("=>", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow+0*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow+1*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow+2*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow+3*kWordSize));
  PrintBytes("  ", (uintptr_t*)(aligned_shadow+4*kWordSize));
  if (error_report_callback) {
    error_report_callback(error_message_buffer);
  }
  AsanDie();
}

static void ParseAsanOptions(const char *options) {
  FLAG_malloc_context_size =
      IntFlagValue(options, "malloc_context_size=", kMallocContextSize);
  CHECK(FLAG_malloc_context_size <= kMallocContextSize);

  FLAG_max_malloc_fill_size =
      IntFlagValue(options, "max_malloc_fill_size=", 0);

  FLAG_v = IntFlagValue(options, "verbosity=", 0);

  FLAG_redzone = IntFlagValue(options, "redzone=",
      (ASAN_LOW_MEMORY) ? 64 : 128);
  CHECK(FLAG_redzone >= 32);
  CHECK((FLAG_redzone & (FLAG_redzone - 1)) == 0);

  FLAG_atexit = IntFlagValue(options, "atexit=", 0);
  FLAG_poison_shadow = IntFlagValue(options, "poison_shadow=", 1);
  FLAG_report_globals = IntFlagValue(options, "report_globals=", 1);
  FLAG_handle_segv = IntFlagValue(options, "handle_segv=", ASAN_NEEDS_SEGV);
  FLAG_use_sigaltstack = IntFlagValue(options, "use_sigaltstack=", 0);
  FLAG_symbolize = IntFlagValue(options, "symbolize=", 1);
  FLAG_demangle = IntFlagValue(options, "demangle=", 1);
  FLAG_debug = IntFlagValue(options, "debug=", 0);
  FLAG_replace_cfallocator = IntFlagValue(options, "replace_cfallocator=", 1);
  FLAG_replace_str = IntFlagValue(options, "replace_str=", 1);
  FLAG_replace_intrin = IntFlagValue(options, "replace_intrin=", 1);
  FLAG_use_fake_stack = IntFlagValue(options, "use_fake_stack=", 1);
  FLAG_exitcode = IntFlagValue(options, "exitcode=",
                               ASAN_DEFAULT_FAILURE_EXITCODE);
  FLAG_allow_user_poisoning = IntFlagValue(options,
                                           "allow_user_poisoning=", 1);
  FLAG_sleep_before_dying = IntFlagValue(options, "sleep_before_dying=", 0);
  FLAG_abort_on_error = IntFlagValue(options, "abort_on_error=", 0);
  FLAG_unmap_shadow_on_exit = IntFlagValue(options, "unmap_shadow_on_exit=", 0);
  // By default, disable core dumper on 64-bit --
  // it makes little sense to dump 16T+ core.
  FLAG_disable_core = IntFlagValue(options, "disable_core=", __WORDSIZE == 64);

  // Allow the users to work around the bug in Nvidia drivers prior to 295.*.
  FLAG_check_malloc_usable_size =
      IntFlagValue(options, "check_malloc_usable_size=", 1);

  FLAG_quarantine_size = IntFlagValue(options, "quarantine_size=",
      (ASAN_LOW_MEMORY) ? 1UL << 24 : 1UL << 28);
}

void __asan_init() {
  if (asan_inited) return;
  asan_init_is_running = true;

  // Make sure we are not statically linked.
  AsanDoesNotSupportStaticLinkage();

  // flags
  const char *options = AsanGetEnv("ASAN_OPTIONS");
  ParseAsanOptions(options);

  if (FLAG_v) {
    Report("Parsed ASAN_OPTIONS: %s\n", options);
  }

  if (FLAG_atexit) {
    Atexit(asan_atexit);
  }

  // interceptors
  InitializeAsanInterceptors();

  ReplaceSystemMalloc();
  ReplaceOperatorsNewAndDelete();

  if (FLAG_v) {
    Printf("|| `[%p, %p]` || HighMem    ||\n", kHighMemBeg, kHighMemEnd);
    Printf("|| `[%p, %p]` || HighShadow ||\n",
           kHighShadowBeg, kHighShadowEnd);
    Printf("|| `[%p, %p]` || ShadowGap  ||\n",
           kShadowGapBeg, kShadowGapEnd);
    Printf("|| `[%p, %p]` || LowShadow  ||\n",
           kLowShadowBeg, kLowShadowEnd);
    Printf("|| `[%p, %p]` || LowMem     ||\n", kLowMemBeg, kLowMemEnd);
    Printf("MemToShadow(shadow): %p %p %p %p\n",
           MEM_TO_SHADOW(kLowShadowBeg),
           MEM_TO_SHADOW(kLowShadowEnd),
           MEM_TO_SHADOW(kHighShadowBeg),
           MEM_TO_SHADOW(kHighShadowEnd));
    Printf("red_zone=%zu\n", (size_t)FLAG_redzone);
    Printf("malloc_context_size=%zu\n", (size_t)FLAG_malloc_context_size);

    Printf("SHADOW_SCALE: %zx\n", (size_t)SHADOW_SCALE);
    Printf("SHADOW_GRANULARITY: %zx\n", (size_t)SHADOW_GRANULARITY);
    Printf("SHADOW_OFFSET: %zx\n", (size_t)SHADOW_OFFSET);
    CHECK(SHADOW_SCALE >= 3 && SHADOW_SCALE <= 7);
  }

  if (FLAG_disable_core) {
    AsanDisableCoreDumper();
  }

  if (AsanShadowRangeIsAvailable()) {
    if (kLowShadowBeg != kLowShadowEnd) {
      // mmap the low shadow plus at least one page.
      ReserveShadowMemoryRange(kLowShadowBeg - kMmapGranularity, kLowShadowEnd);
    }
    // mmap the high shadow.
    ReserveShadowMemoryRange(kHighShadowBeg, kHighShadowEnd);
    // protect the gap
    void *prot = AsanMprotect(kShadowGapBeg, kShadowGapEnd - kShadowGapBeg + 1);
    CHECK(prot == (void*)kShadowGapBeg);
  } else {
    Report("Shadow memory range interleaves with an existing memory mapping. "
           "ASan cannot proceed correctly. ABORTING.\n");
    AsanDumpProcessMap();
    AsanDie();
  }

  InstallSignalHandlers();

  // On Linux AsanThread::ThreadStart() calls malloc() that's why asan_inited
  // should be set to 1 prior to initializing the threads.
  asan_inited = 1;
  asan_init_is_running = false;

  asanThreadRegistry().Init();
  asanThreadRegistry().GetMain()->ThreadStart();
  force_interface_symbols();  // no-op.

  if (FLAG_v) {
    Report("AddressSanitizer Init done\n");
  }
}

#if defined(ASAN_USE_PREINIT_ARRAY)
  // On Linux, we force __asan_init to be called before anyone else
  // by placing it into .preinit_array section.
  // FIXME: do we have anything like this on Mac?
  __attribute__((section(".preinit_array")))
    typeof(__asan_init) *__asan_preinit =__asan_init;
#elif defined(_WIN32) && defined(_DLL)
  // On Windows, when using dynamic CRT (/MD), we can put a pointer
  // to __asan_init into the global list of C initializers.
  // See crt0dat.c in the CRT sources for the details.
  #pragma section(".CRT$XIB", long, read)  // NOLINT
  __declspec(allocate(".CRT$XIB")) void (*__asan_preinit)() = __asan_init;
#endif