stat.c - fp2-dev/platform/external/fio - Gitiles

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
 #include <math.h>

 #include "fio.h"

 static struct itimerval itimer;
 static struct list_head disk_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT(disk_list);
 static dev_t last_dev;

 /*
  * Cheesy number->string conversion, complete with carry rounding error.
  */
 static char *num2str(unsigned long num, int maxlen, int base, int pow2)
 {
 	char postfix[] = { ' ', 'K', 'M', 'G', 'P', 'E' };
 	unsigned int thousand;
 	char *buf;
 	int i;

 	if (pow2)
 		thousand = 1024;
 	else
 		thousand = 1000;

 	buf = malloc(128);

 	for (i = 0; base > 1; i++)
 		base /= thousand;

 	do {
 		int len, carry = 0;

 		len = sprintf(buf, "%'lu", num);
 		if (len <= maxlen) {
 			if (i >= 1) {
 				buf[len] = postfix[i];
 				buf[len + 1] = '\0';
 			}
 			return buf;
 		}

 		if ((num % thousand) >= (thousand / 2))
 			carry = 1;

 		num /= thousand;
 		num += carry;
 		i++;
 	} while (i <= 5);

 	return buf;
 }

 static int get_io_ticks(struct disk_util *du, struct disk_util_stat *dus)
 {
 	unsigned in_flight;
 	char line[256];
 	FILE *f;
 	char *p;

 	f = fopen(du->path, "r");
 	if (!f)
 		return 1;

 	p = fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
 	if (!p) {
 		fclose(f);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	if (sscanf(p, "%u %u %llu %u %u %u %llu %u %u %u %u\n", &dus->ios[0], &dus->merges[0], &dus->sectors[0], &dus->ticks[0], &dus->ios[1], &dus->merges[1], &dus->sectors[1], &dus->ticks[1], &in_flight, &dus->io_ticks, &dus->time_in_queue) != 11) {
 		fclose(f);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	fclose(f);
 	return 0;
 }

 static void update_io_tick_disk(struct disk_util *du)
 {
 	struct disk_util_stat __dus, *dus, *ldus;
 	struct timeval t;

 	if (get_io_ticks(du, &__dus))
 		return;

 	dus = &du->dus;
 	ldus = &du->last_dus;

 	dus->sectors[0] += (__dus.sectors[0] - ldus->sectors[0]);
 	dus->sectors[1] += (__dus.sectors[1] - ldus->sectors[1]);
 	dus->ios[0] += (__dus.ios[0] - ldus->ios[0]);
 	dus->ios[1] += (__dus.ios[1] - ldus->ios[1]);
 	dus->merges[0] += (__dus.merges[0] - ldus->merges[0]);
 	dus->merges[1] += (__dus.merges[1] - ldus->merges[1]);
 	dus->ticks[0] += (__dus.ticks[0] - ldus->ticks[0]);
 	dus->ticks[1] += (__dus.ticks[1] - ldus->ticks[1]);
 	dus->io_ticks += (__dus.io_ticks - ldus->io_ticks);
 	dus->time_in_queue += (__dus.time_in_queue - ldus->time_in_queue);

 	fio_gettime(&t, NULL);
 	du->msec += mtime_since(&du->time, &t);
 	memcpy(&du->time, &t, sizeof(t));
 	memcpy(ldus, &__dus, sizeof(__dus));
 }

 void update_io_ticks(void)
 {
 	struct list_head *entry;
 	struct disk_util *du;

 	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
 		du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
 		update_io_tick_disk(du);
 	}
 }

 static int disk_util_exists(dev_t dev)
 {
 	struct list_head *entry;
 	struct disk_util *du;

 	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
 		du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);

 		if (du->dev == dev)
 			return 1;
 	}

 	return 0;
 }

 static void disk_util_add(dev_t dev, char *path)
 {
 	struct disk_util *du, *__du;
 	struct list_head *entry;

 	du = malloc(sizeof(*du));
 	memset(du, 0, sizeof(*du));
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&du->list);
 	sprintf(du->path, "%s/stat", path);
 	du->name = strdup(basename(path));
 	du->dev = dev;

 	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
 		__du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);

 		if (!strcmp(du->name, __du->name)) {
 			free(du->name);
 			free(du);
 			return;
 		}
 	}

 	fio_gettime(&du->time, NULL);
 	get_io_ticks(du, &du->last_dus);

 	list_add_tail(&du->list, &disk_list);
 }

 static int check_dev_match(dev_t dev, char *path)
 {
 	unsigned int major, minor;
 	char line[256], *p;
 	FILE *f;

 	f = fopen(path, "r");
 	if (!f) {
 		perror("open path");
 		return 1;
 	}

 	p = fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
 	if (!p) {
 		fclose(f);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	if (sscanf(p, "%u:%u", &major, &minor) != 2) {
 		fclose(f);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	if (((major << 8) | minor) == dev) {
 		fclose(f);
 		return 0;
 	}

 	fclose(f);
 	return 1;
 }

 static int find_block_dir(dev_t dev, char *path)
 {
 	struct dirent *dir;
 	struct stat st;
 	int found = 0;
 	DIR *D;

 	D = opendir(path);
 	if (!D)
 		return 0;

 	while ((dir = readdir(D)) != NULL) {
 		char full_path[256];

 		if (!strcmp(dir->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(dir->d_name, ".."))
 			continue;

 		sprintf(full_path, "%s/%s", path, dir->d_name);

 		if (!strcmp(dir->d_name, "dev")) {
 			if (!check_dev_match(dev, full_path)) {
 				found = 1;
 				break;
 			}
 		}

 		if (lstat(full_path, &st) == -1) {
 			perror("stat");
 			break;
 		}

 		if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
 			continue;

 		found = find_block_dir(dev, full_path);
 		if (found) {
 			strcpy(path, full_path);
 			break;
 		}
 	}

 	closedir(D);
 	return found;
 }

 static void __init_disk_util(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	char foo[PATH_MAX], tmp[PATH_MAX];
 	dev_t dev;
 	char *p;

 	if (!stat(f->file_name, &st)) {
 		if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
 			dev = st.st_rdev;
 		else
 			dev = st.st_dev;
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * must be a file, open "." in that path
 		 */
 		strncpy(foo, f->file_name, PATH_MAX - 1);
 		p = dirname(foo);
 		if (stat(p, &st)) {
 			perror("disk util stat");
 			return;
 		}

 		dev = st.st_dev;
 	}

 	if (disk_util_exists(dev))
 		return;

 	/*
 	 * for an fs without a device, we will repeatedly stat through
 	 * sysfs which can take oodles of time for thousands of files. so
 	 * cache the last lookup and compare with that before going through
 	 * everything again.
 	 */
 	if (dev == last_dev)
 		return;

 	last_dev = dev;

 	sprintf(foo, "/sys/block");
 	if (!find_block_dir(dev, foo))
 		return;

 	/*
 	 * If there's a ../queue/ directory there, we are inside a partition.
 	 * Check if that is the case and jump back. For loop/md/dm etc we
 	 * are already in the right spot.
 	 */
 	sprintf(tmp, "%s/../queue", foo);
 	if (!stat(tmp, &st)) {
 		p = dirname(foo);
 		sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue", p);
 		if (stat(tmp, &st)) {
 			log_err("unknown sysfs layout\n");
 			return;
 		}
 		strncpy(tmp, p, PATH_MAX - 1);
 		sprintf(foo, "%s", tmp);
 	}

 	if (td->o.ioscheduler && !td->sysfs_root)
 		td->sysfs_root = strdup(foo);

 	disk_util_add(dev, foo);
 }

 void init_disk_util(struct thread_data *td)
 {
 	struct fio_file *f;
 	unsigned int i;

 	if (!td->o.do_disk_util ||
 	    (td->io_ops->flags & (FIO_DISKLESSIO | FIO_NODISKUTIL)))
 		return;

 	for_each_file(td, f, i)
 		__init_disk_util(td, f);
 }

 void disk_util_timer_arm(void)
 {
 	itimer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
 	itimer.it_value.tv_usec = DISK_UTIL_MSEC * 1000;
 	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itimer, NULL);
 }

 void update_rusage_stat(struct thread_data *td)
 {
 	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

 	getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ts->ru_end);

 	ts->usr_time += mtime_since(&ts->ru_start.ru_utime, &ts->ru_end.ru_utime);
 	ts->sys_time += mtime_since(&ts->ru_start.ru_stime, &ts->ru_end.ru_stime);
 	ts->ctx += ts->ru_end.ru_nvcsw + ts->ru_end.ru_nivcsw - (ts->ru_start.ru_nvcsw + ts->ru_start.ru_nivcsw);

 	memcpy(&ts->ru_start, &ts->ru_end, sizeof(ts->ru_end));
 }

 static int calc_lat(struct io_stat *is, unsigned long *min, unsigned long *max,
 		    double *mean, double *dev)
 {
 	double n = is->samples;

 	if (is->samples == 0)
 		return 0;

 	*min = is->min_val;
 	*max = is->max_val;

 	n = (double) is->samples;
 	*mean = is->mean;

 	if (n > 1.0)
 		*dev = sqrt(is->S / (n - 1.0));
 	else
 		*dev = -1.0;

 	return 1;
 }

 static void show_group_stats(struct group_run_stats *rs, int id)
 {
 	char *p1, *p2, *p3, *p4;
 	const char *ddir_str[] = { "   READ", "  WRITE" };
 	int i;

 	log_info("\nRun status group %d (all jobs):\n", id);

 	for (i = 0; i <= DDIR_WRITE; i++) {
 		if (!rs->max_run[i])
 			continue;

 		p1 = num2str(rs->io_kb[i], 6, 1000, 1);
 		p2 = num2str(rs->agg[i], 6, 1000, 1);
 		p3 = num2str(rs->min_bw[i], 6, 1000, 1);
 		p4 = num2str(rs->max_bw[i], 6, 1000, 1);

 		log_info("%s: io=%siB, aggrb=%siB/s, minb=%siB/s, maxb=%siB/s, mint=%llumsec, maxt=%llumsec\n", ddir_str[i], p1, p2, p3, p4, rs->min_run[i], rs->max_run[i]);

 		free(p1);
 		free(p2);
 		free(p3);
 		free(p4);
 	}
 }

 static void show_disk_util(void)
 {
 	struct disk_util_stat *dus;
 	struct list_head *entry, *next;
 	struct disk_util *du;
 	double util;

 	log_info("\nDisk stats (read/write):\n");

 	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
 		du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
 		dus = &du->dus;

 		util = (double) 100 * du->dus.io_ticks / (double) du->msec;
 		if (util > 100.0)
 			util = 100.0;

 		log_info("  %s: ios=%u/%u, merge=%u/%u, ticks=%u/%u, in_queue=%u, util=%3.2f%%\n", du->name, dus->ios[0], dus->ios[1], dus->merges[0], dus->merges[1], dus->ticks[0], dus->ticks[1], dus->time_in_queue, util);
 	}

 	/*
 	 * now free the list
 	 */
 	list_for_each_safe(entry, next, &disk_list) {
 		list_del(entry);
 		du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
 		free(du->name);
 		free(du);
 	}
 }

 #define ts_total_io_u(ts)	\
 	((ts)->total_io_u[0] + (ts)->total_io_u[1])

 static void stat_calc_dist(struct thread_stat *ts, double *io_u_dist)
 {
 	int i;

 	/*
 	 * Do depth distribution calculations
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR; i++) {
 		io_u_dist[i] = (double) ts->io_u_map[i] / (double) ts_total_io_u(ts);
 		io_u_dist[i] *= 100.0;
 	}
 }

 static void stat_calc_lat(struct thread_stat *ts, double *io_u_lat)
 {
 	int i;

 	/*
 	 * Do latency distribution calculations
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR; i++) {
 		io_u_lat[i] = (double) ts->io_u_lat[i] / (double) ts_total_io_u(ts);
 		io_u_lat[i] *= 100.0;
 	}
 }

 static void show_ddir_status(struct group_run_stats *rs, struct thread_stat *ts,
 			     int ddir)
 {
 	const char *ddir_str[] = { "read ", "write" };
 	unsigned long min, max;
 	unsigned long long bw, iops;
 	double mean, dev;
 	char *io_p, *bw_p, *iops_p;

 	if (!ts->runtime[ddir])
 		return;

 	bw = ts->io_bytes[ddir] / ts->runtime[ddir];
 	iops = (1000 * ts->total_io_u[ddir]) / ts->runtime[ddir];
 	io_p = num2str(ts->io_bytes[ddir] >> 10, 6, 1000, 1);
 	bw_p = num2str(bw, 6, 1000, 1);
 	iops_p = num2str(iops, 6, 1, 0);

 	log_info("  %s: io=%siB, bw=%siB/s, iops=%s, runt=%6lumsec\n", ddir_str[ddir], io_p, bw_p, iops_p, ts->runtime[ddir]);

 	free(io_p);
 	free(bw_p);
 	free(iops_p);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
 		log_info("    slat (msec): min=%5lu, max=%5lu, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, mean, dev);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
 		log_info("    clat (msec): min=%5lu, max=%5lu, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, mean, dev);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev)) {
 		double p_of_agg;

 		p_of_agg = mean * 100 / (double) rs->agg[ddir];
 		log_info("    bw (KiB/s) : min=%5lu, max=%5lu, per=%3.2f%%, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, p_of_agg, mean, dev);
 	}
 }

 static void show_thread_status(struct thread_stat *ts,
 			       struct group_run_stats *rs)
 {
 	double usr_cpu, sys_cpu;
 	unsigned long runtime;
 	double io_u_dist[FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR];
 	double io_u_lat[FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR];

 	if (!(ts->io_bytes[0] + ts->io_bytes[1]))
 		return;

 	if (!ts->error)
 		log_info("%s: (groupid=%d, jobs=%d): err=%2d: pid=%d\n", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->members, ts->error, ts->pid);
 	else
 		log_info("%s: (groupid=%d, jobs=%d): err=%2d (%s): pid=%d\n", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->members, ts->error, ts->verror, ts->pid);

 	if (ts->description)
 		log_info("  Description  : [%s]\n", ts->description);

 	if (ts->io_bytes[DDIR_READ])
 		show_ddir_status(rs, ts, DDIR_READ);
 	if (ts->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE])
 		show_ddir_status(rs, ts, DDIR_WRITE);

 	runtime = ts->total_run_time;
 	if (runtime) {
 		double runt = (double) runtime;

 		usr_cpu = (double) ts->usr_time * 100 / runt;
 		sys_cpu = (double) ts->sys_time * 100 / runt;
 	} else {
 		usr_cpu = 0;
 		sys_cpu = 0;
 	}

 	log_info("  cpu          : usr=%3.2f%%, sys=%3.2f%%, ctx=%lu\n", usr_cpu, sys_cpu, ts->ctx);

 	stat_calc_dist(ts, io_u_dist);
 	stat_calc_lat(ts, io_u_lat);

 	log_info("  IO depths    : 1=%3.1f%%, 2=%3.1f%%, 4=%3.1f%%, 8=%3.1f%%, 16=%3.1f%%, 32=%3.1f%%, >=64=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_dist[0], io_u_dist[1], io_u_dist[2], io_u_dist[3], io_u_dist[4], io_u_dist[5], io_u_dist[6]);

 	log_info("     lat (msec): 2=%3.1f%%, 4=%3.1f%%, 10=%3.1f%%, 20=%3.1f%%, 50=%3.1f%%, 100=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[0], io_u_lat[1], io_u_lat[2], io_u_lat[3], io_u_lat[4], io_u_lat[5]);
 	log_info("     lat (msec): 250=%3.1f%%, 500=%3.1f%%, 750=%3.1f%%, 1000=%3.1f%%, >=2000=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[6], io_u_lat[7], io_u_lat[8], io_u_lat[9], io_u_lat[10]);
 }

 static void show_ddir_status_terse(struct thread_stat *ts,
 				   struct group_run_stats *rs, int ddir)
 {
 	unsigned long min, max;
 	unsigned long long bw;
 	double mean, dev;

 	bw = 0;
 	if (ts->runtime[ddir])
 		bw = ts->io_bytes[ddir] / ts->runtime[ddir];

 	log_info(";%llu;%llu;%lu", ts->io_bytes[ddir] >> 10, bw, ts->runtime[ddir]);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", min, max, mean, dev);
 	else
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", min, max, mean, dev);
 	else
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0);

 	if (calc_lat(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev)) {
 		double p_of_agg;

 		p_of_agg = mean * 100 / (double) rs->agg[ddir];
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f%%;%f;%f", min, max, p_of_agg, mean, dev);
 	} else
 		log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f%%;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
 }


 static void show_thread_status_terse(struct thread_stat *ts,
 				     struct group_run_stats *rs)
 {
 	double io_u_dist[FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR];
 	double io_u_lat[FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR];
 	double usr_cpu, sys_cpu;

 	log_info("%s;%d;%d", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->error);

 	show_ddir_status_terse(ts, rs, 0);
 	show_ddir_status_terse(ts, rs, 1);

 	if (ts->total_run_time) {
 		double runt = (double) ts->total_run_time;

 		usr_cpu = (double) ts->usr_time * 100 / runt;
 		sys_cpu = (double) ts->sys_time * 100 / runt;
 	} else {
 		usr_cpu = 0;
 		sys_cpu = 0;
 	}

 	log_info(";%f%%;%f%%;%lu", usr_cpu, sys_cpu, ts->ctx);

 	stat_calc_dist(ts, io_u_dist);
 	stat_calc_lat(ts, io_u_lat);

 	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%", io_u_dist[0], io_u_dist[1], io_u_dist[2], io_u_dist[3], io_u_dist[4], io_u_dist[5], io_u_dist[6]);

 	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[0], io_u_lat[1], io_u_lat[2], io_u_lat[3], io_u_lat[4], io_u_lat[5]);
 	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%", io_u_lat[6], io_u_lat[7], io_u_lat[8], io_u_lat[9], io_u_lat[10]);

 	if (ts->description)
 		log_info(";%s", ts->description);

 	log_info("\n");
 }

 static void sum_stat(struct io_stat *dst, struct io_stat *src, int nr)
 {
 	double mean, S;

 	dst->min_val = min(dst->min_val, src->min_val);
 	dst->max_val = max(dst->max_val, src->max_val);
 	dst->samples += src->samples;

 	/*
 	 * Needs a new method for calculating stddev, we cannot just
 	 * average them we do below for nr > 1
 	 */
 	if (nr == 1) {
 		mean = src->mean;
 		S = src->S;
 	} else {
 		mean = ((src->mean * (double) (nr - 1)) + dst->mean) / ((double) nr);
 		S = ((src->S * (double) (nr - 1)) + dst->S) / ((double) nr);
 	}

 	dst->mean = mean;
 	dst->S = S;
 }

 void show_run_stats(void)
 {
 	struct group_run_stats *runstats, *rs;
 	struct thread_data *td;
 	struct thread_stat *threadstats, *ts;
 	int i, j, k, l, nr_ts, last_ts, idx;

 	runstats = malloc(sizeof(struct group_run_stats) * (groupid + 1));

 	for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++) {
 		rs = &runstats[i];

 		memset(rs, 0, sizeof(*rs));
 		rs->min_bw[0] = rs->min_run[0] = ~0UL;
 		rs->min_bw[1] = rs->min_run[1] = ~0UL;
 	}

 	/*
 	 * find out how many threads stats we need. if group reporting isn't
 	 * enabled, it's one-per-td.
 	 */
 	nr_ts = 0;
 	last_ts = -1;
 	for_each_td(td, i) {
 		if (!td->o.group_reporting) {
 			nr_ts++;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (last_ts == td->groupid)
 			continue;

 		last_ts = td->groupid;
 		nr_ts++;
 	}

 	threadstats = malloc(nr_ts * sizeof(struct thread_stat));

 	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
 		ts = &threadstats[i];

 		memset(ts, 0, sizeof(*ts));
 		for (j = 0; j <= DDIR_WRITE; j++) {
 			ts->clat_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
 			ts->slat_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
 			ts->bw_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
 		}
 		ts->groupid = -1;
 	}

 	j = 0;
 	last_ts = -1;
 	idx = 0;
 	for_each_td(td, i) {
 		if (idx && (!td->o.group_reporting ||
 		    (td->o.group_reporting && last_ts != td->groupid))) {
 			idx = 0;
 			j++;
 		}

 		last_ts = td->groupid;

 		ts = &threadstats[j];

 		idx++;
 		ts->members++;

 		if (ts->groupid == -1) {
 			/*
 			 * These are per-group shared already
 			 */
 			ts->name = td->o.name;
 			ts->description = td->o.description;
 			ts->groupid = td->groupid;

 			/*
 			 * first pid in group, not very useful...
 			 */
 			ts->pid = td->pid;
 		}

 		if (td->error && !ts->error) {
 			ts->error = td->error;
 			ts->verror = td->verror;
 		}

 		for (l = 0; l <= DDIR_WRITE; l++) {
 			sum_stat(&ts->clat_stat[l], &td->ts.clat_stat[l], idx);
 			sum_stat(&ts->slat_stat[l], &td->ts.slat_stat[l], idx);
 			sum_stat(&ts->bw_stat[l], &td->ts.bw_stat[l], idx);

 			ts->stat_io_bytes[l] += td->ts.stat_io_bytes[l];
 			ts->io_bytes[l] += td->ts.io_bytes[l];

 			if (ts->runtime[l] < td->ts.runtime[l])
 				ts->runtime[l] = td->ts.runtime[l];
 		}

 		ts->usr_time += td->ts.usr_time;
 		ts->sys_time += td->ts.sys_time;
 		ts->ctx += td->ts.ctx;

 		for (k = 0; k < FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR; k++)
 			ts->io_u_map[k] += td->ts.io_u_map[k];
 		for (k = 0; k < FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR; k++)
 			ts->io_u_lat[k] += td->ts.io_u_lat[k];

 		for (k = 0; k <= DDIR_WRITE; k++)
 			ts->total_io_u[k] += td->ts.total_io_u[k];

 		ts->total_run_time += td->ts.total_run_time;
 	}

 	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
 		unsigned long long bw;

 		ts = &threadstats[i];
 		rs = &runstats[ts->groupid];

 		for (j = 0; j <= DDIR_WRITE; j++) {
 			if (!ts->runtime[j])
 				continue;
 			if (ts->runtime[j] < rs->min_run[j] || !rs->min_run[j])
 				rs->min_run[j] = ts->runtime[j];
 			if (ts->runtime[j] > rs->max_run[j])
 				rs->max_run[j] = ts->runtime[j];

 			bw = 0;
 			if (ts->runtime[j])
 				bw = ts->io_bytes[j] / (unsigned long long) ts->runtime[j];
 			if (bw < rs->min_bw[j])
 				rs->min_bw[j] = bw;
 			if (bw > rs->max_bw[j])
 				rs->max_bw[j] = bw;

 			rs->io_kb[j] += ts->io_bytes[j] >> 10;
 		}
 	}

 	for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++) {
 		rs = &runstats[i];

 		if (rs->max_run[0])
 			rs->agg[0] = (rs->io_kb[0]*1024) / rs->max_run[0];
 		if (rs->max_run[1])
 			rs->agg[1] = (rs->io_kb[1]*1024) / rs->max_run[1];
 	}

 	/*
 	 * don't overwrite last signal output
 	 */
 	if (!terse_output)
 		printf("\n");

 	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
 		ts = &threadstats[i];
 		rs = &runstats[ts->groupid];

 		if (terse_output)
 			show_thread_status_terse(ts, rs);
 		else
 			show_thread_status(ts, rs);
 	}

 	if (!terse_output) {
 		for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++)
 			show_group_stats(&runstats[i], i);

 		show_disk_util();
 	}

 	free(runstats);
 	free(threadstats);
 }

 static inline void add_stat_sample(struct io_stat *is, unsigned long data)
 {
 	double val = data;
 	double delta;

 	if (data > is->max_val)
 		is->max_val = data;
 	if (data < is->min_val)
 		is->min_val = data;

 	delta = val - is->mean;
 	is->mean += delta / (is->samples + 1.0);
 	is->S += delta * (val - is->mean);

 	is->samples++;
 }

 static void __add_log_sample(struct io_log *iolog, unsigned long val,
 			     enum fio_ddir ddir, unsigned long time)
 {
 	if (iolog->nr_samples == iolog->max_samples) {
 		int new_size = sizeof(struct io_sample) * iolog->max_samples*2;

 		iolog->log = realloc(iolog->log, new_size);
 		iolog->max_samples <<= 1;
 	}

 	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].val = val;
 	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].time = time;
 	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].ddir = ddir;
 	iolog->nr_samples++;
 }

 static void add_log_sample(struct thread_data *td, struct io_log *iolog,
 			   unsigned long val, enum fio_ddir ddir)
 {
 	__add_log_sample(iolog, val, ddir, mtime_since_now(&td->epoch));
 }

 void add_agg_sample(unsigned long val, enum fio_ddir ddir)
 {
 	struct io_log *iolog = agg_io_log[ddir];

 	__add_log_sample(iolog, val, ddir, mtime_since_genesis());
 }

 void add_clat_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 		     unsigned long msec)
 {
 	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

 	add_stat_sample(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], msec);

 	if (ts->clat_log)
 		add_log_sample(td, ts->clat_log, msec, ddir);
 }

 void add_slat_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 		     unsigned long msec)
 {
 	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

 	add_stat_sample(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], msec);

 	if (ts->slat_log)
 		add_log_sample(td, ts->slat_log, msec, ddir);
 }

 void add_bw_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 		   struct timeval *t)
 {
 	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;
 	unsigned long spent = mtime_since(&ts->stat_sample_time[ddir], t);
 	unsigned long rate;

 	if (spent < td->o.bw_avg_time)
 		return;

 	rate = (td->this_io_bytes[ddir] - ts->stat_io_bytes[ddir]) / spent;
 	add_stat_sample(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], rate);

 	if (ts->bw_log)
 		add_log_sample(td, ts->bw_log, rate, ddir);

 	fio_gettime(&ts->stat_sample_time[ddir], NULL);
 	ts->stat_io_bytes[ddir] = td->this_io_bytes[ddir];
 }
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <sys/time.h>
	#include <sys/types.h>
	#include <sys/stat.h>
	#include <dirent.h>
	#include <libgen.h>
	#include <math.h>

	#include "fio.h"

	static struct itimerval itimer;
	static struct list_head disk_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT(disk_list);
	static dev_t last_dev;

	/*
	* Cheesy number->string conversion, complete with carry rounding error.
	*/
	static char *num2str(unsigned long num, int maxlen, int base, int pow2)
	{
	char postfix[] = { ' ', 'K', 'M', 'G', 'P', 'E' };
	unsigned int thousand;
	char *buf;
	int i;

	if (pow2)
	thousand = 1024;
	else
	thousand = 1000;

	buf = malloc(128);

	for (i = 0; base > 1; i++)
	base /= thousand;

	do {
	int len, carry = 0;

	len = sprintf(buf, "%'lu", num);
	if (len <= maxlen) {
	if (i >= 1) {
	buf[len] = postfix[i];
	buf[len + 1] = '\0';
	}
	return buf;
	}

	if ((num % thousand) >= (thousand / 2))
	carry = 1;

	num /= thousand;
	num += carry;
	i++;
	} while (i <= 5);

	return buf;
	}

	static int get_io_ticks(struct disk_util du, struct disk_util_stat dus)
	{
	unsigned in_flight;
	char line[256];
	FILE *f;
	char *p;

	f = fopen(du->path, "r");
	if (!f)
	return 1;

	p = fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
	if (!p) {
	fclose(f);
	return 1;
	}

	if (sscanf(p, "%u %u %llu %u %u %u %llu %u %u %u %u\n", &dus->ios[0], &dus->merges[0], &dus->sectors[0], &dus->ticks[0], &dus->ios[1], &dus->merges[1], &dus->sectors[1], &dus->ticks[1], &in_flight, &dus->io_ticks, &dus->time_in_queue) != 11) {
	fclose(f);
	return 1;
	}

	fclose(f);
	return 0;
	}

	static void update_io_tick_disk(struct disk_util *du)
	{
	struct disk_util_stat __dus, dus, ldus;
	struct timeval t;

	if (get_io_ticks(du, &__dus))
	return;

	dus = &du->dus;
	ldus = &du->last_dus;

	dus->sectors[0] += (__dus.sectors[0] - ldus->sectors[0]);
	dus->sectors[1] += (__dus.sectors[1] - ldus->sectors[1]);
	dus->ios[0] += (__dus.ios[0] - ldus->ios[0]);
	dus->ios[1] += (__dus.ios[1] - ldus->ios[1]);
	dus->merges[0] += (__dus.merges[0] - ldus->merges[0]);
	dus->merges[1] += (__dus.merges[1] - ldus->merges[1]);
	dus->ticks[0] += (__dus.ticks[0] - ldus->ticks[0]);
	dus->ticks[1] += (__dus.ticks[1] - ldus->ticks[1]);
	dus->io_ticks += (__dus.io_ticks - ldus->io_ticks);
	dus->time_in_queue += (__dus.time_in_queue - ldus->time_in_queue);

	fio_gettime(&t, NULL);
	du->msec += mtime_since(&du->time, &t);
	memcpy(&du->time, &t, sizeof(t));
	memcpy(ldus, &__dus, sizeof(__dus));
	}

	void update_io_ticks(void)
	{
	struct list_head *entry;
	struct disk_util *du;

	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
	du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
	update_io_tick_disk(du);
	}
	}

	static int disk_util_exists(dev_t dev)
	{
	struct list_head *entry;
	struct disk_util *du;

	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
	du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);

	if (du->dev == dev)
	return 1;
	}

	return 0;
	}

	static void disk_util_add(dev_t dev, char *path)
	{
	struct disk_util du, __du;
	struct list_head *entry;

	du = malloc(sizeof(*du));
	memset(du, 0, sizeof(*du));
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&du->list);
	sprintf(du->path, "%s/stat", path);
	du->name = strdup(basename(path));
	du->dev = dev;

	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
	__du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);

	if (!strcmp(du->name, __du->name)) {
	free(du->name);
	free(du);
	return;
	}
	}

	fio_gettime(&du->time, NULL);
	get_io_ticks(du, &du->last_dus);

	list_add_tail(&du->list, &disk_list);
	}

	static int check_dev_match(dev_t dev, char *path)
	{
	unsigned int major, minor;
	char line[256], *p;
	FILE *f;

	f = fopen(path, "r");
	if (!f) {
	perror("open path");
	return 1;
	}

	p = fgets(line, sizeof(line), f);
	if (!p) {
	fclose(f);
	return 1;
	}

	if (sscanf(p, "%u:%u", &major, &minor) != 2) {
	fclose(f);
	return 1;
	}

	if (((major << 8) \| minor) == dev) {
	fclose(f);
	return 0;
	}

	fclose(f);
	return 1;
	}

	static int find_block_dir(dev_t dev, char *path)
	{
	struct dirent *dir;
	struct stat st;
	int found = 0;
	DIR *D;

	D = opendir(path);
	if (!D)
	return 0;

	while ((dir = readdir(D)) != NULL) {
	char full_path[256];

	if (!strcmp(dir->d_name, ".") \|\| !strcmp(dir->d_name, ".."))
	continue;

	sprintf(full_path, "%s/%s", path, dir->d_name);

	if (!strcmp(dir->d_name, "dev")) {
	if (!check_dev_match(dev, full_path)) {
	found = 1;
	break;
	}
	}

	if (lstat(full_path, &st) == -1) {
	perror("stat");
	break;
	}

	if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) \|\| S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
	continue;

	found = find_block_dir(dev, full_path);
	if (found) {
	strcpy(path, full_path);
	break;
	}
	}

	closedir(D);
	return found;
	}

	static void __init_disk_util(struct thread_data td, struct fio_file f)
	{
	struct stat st;
	char foo[PATH_MAX], tmp[PATH_MAX];
	dev_t dev;
	char *p;

	if (!stat(f->file_name, &st)) {
	if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
	dev = st.st_rdev;
	else
	dev = st.st_dev;
	} else {
	/*
	* must be a file, open "." in that path
	*/
	strncpy(foo, f->file_name, PATH_MAX - 1);
	p = dirname(foo);
	if (stat(p, &st)) {
	perror("disk util stat");
	return;
	}

	dev = st.st_dev;
	}

	if (disk_util_exists(dev))
	return;

	/*
	* for an fs without a device, we will repeatedly stat through
	* sysfs which can take oodles of time for thousands of files. so
	* cache the last lookup and compare with that before going through
	* everything again.
	*/
	if (dev == last_dev)
	return;

	last_dev = dev;

	sprintf(foo, "/sys/block");
	if (!find_block_dir(dev, foo))
	return;

	/*
	* If there's a ../queue/ directory there, we are inside a partition.
	* Check if that is the case and jump back. For loop/md/dm etc we
	* are already in the right spot.
	*/
	sprintf(tmp, "%s/../queue", foo);
	if (!stat(tmp, &st)) {
	p = dirname(foo);
	sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue", p);
	if (stat(tmp, &st)) {
	log_err("unknown sysfs layout\n");
	return;
	}
	strncpy(tmp, p, PATH_MAX - 1);
	sprintf(foo, "%s", tmp);
	}

	if (td->o.ioscheduler && !td->sysfs_root)
	td->sysfs_root = strdup(foo);

	disk_util_add(dev, foo);
	}

	void init_disk_util(struct thread_data *td)
	{
	struct fio_file *f;
	unsigned int i;

	if (!td->o.do_disk_util \|\|
	(td->io_ops->flags & (FIO_DISKLESSIO \| FIO_NODISKUTIL)))
	return;

	for_each_file(td, f, i)
	__init_disk_util(td, f);
	}

	void disk_util_timer_arm(void)
	{
	itimer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
	itimer.it_value.tv_usec = DISK_UTIL_MSEC * 1000;
	setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itimer, NULL);
	}

	void update_rusage_stat(struct thread_data *td)
	{
	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

	getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ts->ru_end);

	ts->usr_time += mtime_since(&ts->ru_start.ru_utime, &ts->ru_end.ru_utime);
	ts->sys_time += mtime_since(&ts->ru_start.ru_stime, &ts->ru_end.ru_stime);
	ts->ctx += ts->ru_end.ru_nvcsw + ts->ru_end.ru_nivcsw - (ts->ru_start.ru_nvcsw + ts->ru_start.ru_nivcsw);

	memcpy(&ts->ru_start, &ts->ru_end, sizeof(ts->ru_end));
	}

	static int calc_lat(struct io_stat is, unsigned long min, unsigned long *max,
	double mean, double dev)
	{
	double n = is->samples;

	if (is->samples == 0)
	return 0;

	*min = is->min_val;
	*max = is->max_val;

	n = (double) is->samples;
	*mean = is->mean;

	if (n > 1.0)
	*dev = sqrt(is->S / (n - 1.0));
	else
	*dev = -1.0;

	return 1;
	}

	static void show_group_stats(struct group_run_stats *rs, int id)
	{
	char p1, p2, p3, p4;
	const char *ddir_str[] = { " READ", " WRITE" };
	int i;

	log_info("\nRun status group %d (all jobs):\n", id);

	for (i = 0; i <= DDIR_WRITE; i++) {
	if (!rs->max_run[i])
	continue;

	p1 = num2str(rs->io_kb[i], 6, 1000, 1);
	p2 = num2str(rs->agg[i], 6, 1000, 1);
	p3 = num2str(rs->min_bw[i], 6, 1000, 1);
	p4 = num2str(rs->max_bw[i], 6, 1000, 1);

	log_info("%s: io=%siB, aggrb=%siB/s, minb=%siB/s, maxb=%siB/s, mint=%llumsec, maxt=%llumsec\n", ddir_str[i], p1, p2, p3, p4, rs->min_run[i], rs->max_run[i]);

	free(p1);
	free(p2);
	free(p3);
	free(p4);
	}
	}

	static void show_disk_util(void)
	{
	struct disk_util_stat *dus;
	struct list_head entry, next;
	struct disk_util *du;
	double util;

	log_info("\nDisk stats (read/write):\n");

	list_for_each(entry, &disk_list) {
	du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
	dus = &du->dus;

	util = (double) 100 * du->dus.io_ticks / (double) du->msec;
	if (util > 100.0)
	util = 100.0;

	log_info(" %s: ios=%u/%u, merge=%u/%u, ticks=%u/%u, in_queue=%u, util=%3.2f%%\n", du->name, dus->ios[0], dus->ios[1], dus->merges[0], dus->merges[1], dus->ticks[0], dus->ticks[1], dus->time_in_queue, util);
	}

	/*
	* now free the list
	*/
	list_for_each_safe(entry, next, &disk_list) {
	list_del(entry);
	du = list_entry(entry, struct disk_util, list);
	free(du->name);
	free(du);
	}
	}

	#define ts_total_io_u(ts) \
	((ts)->total_io_u[0] + (ts)->total_io_u[1])

	static void stat_calc_dist(struct thread_stat ts, double io_u_dist)
	{
	int i;

	/*
	* Do depth distribution calculations
	*/
	for (i = 0; i < FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR; i++) {
	io_u_dist[i] = (double) ts->io_u_map[i] / (double) ts_total_io_u(ts);
	io_u_dist[i] *= 100.0;
	}
	}

	static void stat_calc_lat(struct thread_stat ts, double io_u_lat)
	{
	int i;

	/*
	* Do latency distribution calculations
	*/
	for (i = 0; i < FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR; i++) {
	io_u_lat[i] = (double) ts->io_u_lat[i] / (double) ts_total_io_u(ts);
	io_u_lat[i] *= 100.0;
	}
	}

	static void show_ddir_status(struct group_run_stats rs, struct thread_stat ts,
	int ddir)
	{
	const char *ddir_str[] = { "read ", "write" };
	unsigned long min, max;
	unsigned long long bw, iops;
	double mean, dev;
	char io_p, bw_p, *iops_p;

	if (!ts->runtime[ddir])
	return;

	bw = ts->io_bytes[ddir] / ts->runtime[ddir];
	iops = (1000 * ts->total_io_u[ddir]) / ts->runtime[ddir];
	io_p = num2str(ts->io_bytes[ddir] >> 10, 6, 1000, 1);
	bw_p = num2str(bw, 6, 1000, 1);
	iops_p = num2str(iops, 6, 1, 0);

	log_info(" %s: io=%siB, bw=%siB/s, iops=%s, runt=%6lumsec\n", ddir_str[ddir], io_p, bw_p, iops_p, ts->runtime[ddir]);

	free(io_p);
	free(bw_p);
	free(iops_p);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
	log_info(" slat (msec): min=%5lu, max=%5lu, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, mean, dev);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
	log_info(" clat (msec): min=%5lu, max=%5lu, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, mean, dev);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev)) {
	double p_of_agg;

	p_of_agg = mean * 100 / (double) rs->agg[ddir];
	log_info(" bw (KiB/s) : min=%5lu, max=%5lu, per=%3.2f%%, avg=%5.02f, stdev=%5.02f\n", min, max, p_of_agg, mean, dev);
	}
	}

	static void show_thread_status(struct thread_stat *ts,
	struct group_run_stats *rs)
	{
	double usr_cpu, sys_cpu;
	unsigned long runtime;
	double io_u_dist[FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR];
	double io_u_lat[FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR];

	if (!(ts->io_bytes[0] + ts->io_bytes[1]))
	return;

	if (!ts->error)
	log_info("%s: (groupid=%d, jobs=%d): err=%2d: pid=%d\n", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->members, ts->error, ts->pid);
	else
	log_info("%s: (groupid=%d, jobs=%d): err=%2d (%s): pid=%d\n", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->members, ts->error, ts->verror, ts->pid);

	if (ts->description)
	log_info(" Description : [%s]\n", ts->description);

	if (ts->io_bytes[DDIR_READ])
	show_ddir_status(rs, ts, DDIR_READ);
	if (ts->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE])
	show_ddir_status(rs, ts, DDIR_WRITE);

	runtime = ts->total_run_time;
	if (runtime) {
	double runt = (double) runtime;

	usr_cpu = (double) ts->usr_time * 100 / runt;
	sys_cpu = (double) ts->sys_time * 100 / runt;
	} else {
	usr_cpu = 0;
	sys_cpu = 0;
	}

	log_info(" cpu : usr=%3.2f%%, sys=%3.2f%%, ctx=%lu\n", usr_cpu, sys_cpu, ts->ctx);

	stat_calc_dist(ts, io_u_dist);
	stat_calc_lat(ts, io_u_lat);

	log_info(" IO depths : 1=%3.1f%%, 2=%3.1f%%, 4=%3.1f%%, 8=%3.1f%%, 16=%3.1f%%, 32=%3.1f%%, >=64=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_dist[0], io_u_dist[1], io_u_dist[2], io_u_dist[3], io_u_dist[4], io_u_dist[5], io_u_dist[6]);

	log_info(" lat (msec): 2=%3.1f%%, 4=%3.1f%%, 10=%3.1f%%, 20=%3.1f%%, 50=%3.1f%%, 100=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[0], io_u_lat[1], io_u_lat[2], io_u_lat[3], io_u_lat[4], io_u_lat[5]);
	log_info(" lat (msec): 250=%3.1f%%, 500=%3.1f%%, 750=%3.1f%%, 1000=%3.1f%%, >=2000=%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[6], io_u_lat[7], io_u_lat[8], io_u_lat[9], io_u_lat[10]);
	}

	static void show_ddir_status_terse(struct thread_stat *ts,
	struct group_run_stats *rs, int ddir)
	{
	unsigned long min, max;
	unsigned long long bw;
	double mean, dev;

	bw = 0;
	if (ts->runtime[ddir])
	bw = ts->io_bytes[ddir] / ts->runtime[ddir];

	log_info(";%llu;%llu;%lu", ts->io_bytes[ddir] >> 10, bw, ts->runtime[ddir]);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", min, max, mean, dev);
	else
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev))
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", min, max, mean, dev);
	else
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0);

	if (calc_lat(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], &min, &max, &mean, &dev)) {
	double p_of_agg;

	p_of_agg = mean * 100 / (double) rs->agg[ddir];
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f%%;%f;%f", min, max, p_of_agg, mean, dev);
	} else
	log_info(";%lu;%lu;%f%%;%f;%f", 0UL, 0UL, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
	}


	static void show_thread_status_terse(struct thread_stat *ts,
	struct group_run_stats *rs)
	{
	double io_u_dist[FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR];
	double io_u_lat[FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR];
	double usr_cpu, sys_cpu;

	log_info("%s;%d;%d", ts->name, ts->groupid, ts->error);

	show_ddir_status_terse(ts, rs, 0);
	show_ddir_status_terse(ts, rs, 1);

	if (ts->total_run_time) {
	double runt = (double) ts->total_run_time;

	usr_cpu = (double) ts->usr_time * 100 / runt;
	sys_cpu = (double) ts->sys_time * 100 / runt;
	} else {
	usr_cpu = 0;
	sys_cpu = 0;
	}

	log_info(";%f%%;%f%%;%lu", usr_cpu, sys_cpu, ts->ctx);

	stat_calc_dist(ts, io_u_dist);
	stat_calc_lat(ts, io_u_lat);

	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%", io_u_dist[0], io_u_dist[1], io_u_dist[2], io_u_dist[3], io_u_dist[4], io_u_dist[5], io_u_dist[6]);

	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%\n", io_u_lat[0], io_u_lat[1], io_u_lat[2], io_u_lat[3], io_u_lat[4], io_u_lat[5]);
	log_info(";%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%;%3.1f%%", io_u_lat[6], io_u_lat[7], io_u_lat[8], io_u_lat[9], io_u_lat[10]);

	if (ts->description)
	log_info(";%s", ts->description);

	log_info("\n");
	}

	static void sum_stat(struct io_stat dst, struct io_stat src, int nr)
	{
	double mean, S;

	dst->min_val = min(dst->min_val, src->min_val);
	dst->max_val = max(dst->max_val, src->max_val);
	dst->samples += src->samples;

	/*
	* Needs a new method for calculating stddev, we cannot just
	* average them we do below for nr > 1
	*/
	if (nr == 1) {
	mean = src->mean;
	S = src->S;
	} else {
	mean = ((src->mean * (double) (nr - 1)) + dst->mean) / ((double) nr);
	S = ((src->S * (double) (nr - 1)) + dst->S) / ((double) nr);
	}

	dst->mean = mean;
	dst->S = S;
	}

	void show_run_stats(void)
	{
	struct group_run_stats runstats, rs;
	struct thread_data *td;
	struct thread_stat threadstats, ts;
	int i, j, k, l, nr_ts, last_ts, idx;

	runstats = malloc(sizeof(struct group_run_stats) * (groupid + 1));

	for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++) {
	rs = &runstats[i];

	memset(rs, 0, sizeof(*rs));
	rs->min_bw[0] = rs->min_run[0] = ~0UL;
	rs->min_bw[1] = rs->min_run[1] = ~0UL;
	}

	/*
	* find out how many threads stats we need. if group reporting isn't
	* enabled, it's one-per-td.
	*/
	nr_ts = 0;
	last_ts = -1;
	for_each_td(td, i) {
	if (!td->o.group_reporting) {
	nr_ts++;
	continue;
	}
	if (last_ts == td->groupid)
	continue;

	last_ts = td->groupid;
	nr_ts++;
	}

	threadstats = malloc(nr_ts * sizeof(struct thread_stat));

	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
	ts = &threadstats[i];

	memset(ts, 0, sizeof(*ts));
	for (j = 0; j <= DDIR_WRITE; j++) {
	ts->clat_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
	ts->slat_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
	ts->bw_stat[j].min_val = -1UL;
	}
	ts->groupid = -1;
	}

	j = 0;
	last_ts = -1;
	idx = 0;
	for_each_td(td, i) {
	if (idx && (!td->o.group_reporting \|\|
	(td->o.group_reporting && last_ts != td->groupid))) {
	idx = 0;
	j++;
	}

	last_ts = td->groupid;

	ts = &threadstats[j];

	idx++;
	ts->members++;

	if (ts->groupid == -1) {
	/*
	* These are per-group shared already
	*/
	ts->name = td->o.name;
	ts->description = td->o.description;
	ts->groupid = td->groupid;

	/*
	* first pid in group, not very useful...
	*/
	ts->pid = td->pid;
	}

	if (td->error && !ts->error) {
	ts->error = td->error;
	ts->verror = td->verror;
	}

	for (l = 0; l <= DDIR_WRITE; l++) {
	sum_stat(&ts->clat_stat[l], &td->ts.clat_stat[l], idx);
	sum_stat(&ts->slat_stat[l], &td->ts.slat_stat[l], idx);
	sum_stat(&ts->bw_stat[l], &td->ts.bw_stat[l], idx);

	ts->stat_io_bytes[l] += td->ts.stat_io_bytes[l];
	ts->io_bytes[l] += td->ts.io_bytes[l];

	if (ts->runtime[l] < td->ts.runtime[l])
	ts->runtime[l] = td->ts.runtime[l];
	}

	ts->usr_time += td->ts.usr_time;
	ts->sys_time += td->ts.sys_time;
	ts->ctx += td->ts.ctx;

	for (k = 0; k < FIO_IO_U_MAP_NR; k++)
	ts->io_u_map[k] += td->ts.io_u_map[k];
	for (k = 0; k < FIO_IO_U_LAT_NR; k++)
	ts->io_u_lat[k] += td->ts.io_u_lat[k];

	for (k = 0; k <= DDIR_WRITE; k++)
	ts->total_io_u[k] += td->ts.total_io_u[k];

	ts->total_run_time += td->ts.total_run_time;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
	unsigned long long bw;

	ts = &threadstats[i];
	rs = &runstats[ts->groupid];

	for (j = 0; j <= DDIR_WRITE; j++) {
	if (!ts->runtime[j])
	continue;
	if (ts->runtime[j] < rs->min_run[j] \|\| !rs->min_run[j])
	rs->min_run[j] = ts->runtime[j];
	if (ts->runtime[j] > rs->max_run[j])
	rs->max_run[j] = ts->runtime[j];

	bw = 0;
	if (ts->runtime[j])
	bw = ts->io_bytes[j] / (unsigned long long) ts->runtime[j];
	if (bw < rs->min_bw[j])
	rs->min_bw[j] = bw;
	if (bw > rs->max_bw[j])
	rs->max_bw[j] = bw;

	rs->io_kb[j] += ts->io_bytes[j] >> 10;
	}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++) {
	rs = &runstats[i];

	if (rs->max_run[0])
	rs->agg[0] = (rs->io_kb[0]*1024) / rs->max_run[0];
	if (rs->max_run[1])
	rs->agg[1] = (rs->io_kb[1]*1024) / rs->max_run[1];
	}

	/*
	* don't overwrite last signal output
	*/
	if (!terse_output)
	printf("\n");

	for (i = 0; i < nr_ts; i++) {
	ts = &threadstats[i];
	rs = &runstats[ts->groupid];

	if (terse_output)
	show_thread_status_terse(ts, rs);
	else
	show_thread_status(ts, rs);
	}

	if (!terse_output) {
	for (i = 0; i < groupid + 1; i++)
	show_group_stats(&runstats[i], i);

	show_disk_util();
	}

	free(runstats);
	free(threadstats);
	}

	static inline void add_stat_sample(struct io_stat *is, unsigned long data)
	{
	double val = data;
	double delta;

	if (data > is->max_val)
	is->max_val = data;
	if (data < is->min_val)
	is->min_val = data;

	delta = val - is->mean;
	is->mean += delta / (is->samples + 1.0);
	is->S += delta * (val - is->mean);

	is->samples++;
	}

	static void __add_log_sample(struct io_log *iolog, unsigned long val,
	enum fio_ddir ddir, unsigned long time)
	{
	if (iolog->nr_samples == iolog->max_samples) {
	int new_size = sizeof(struct io_sample) * iolog->max_samples*2;

	iolog->log = realloc(iolog->log, new_size);
	iolog->max_samples <<= 1;
	}

	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].val = val;
	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].time = time;
	iolog->log[iolog->nr_samples].ddir = ddir;
	iolog->nr_samples++;
	}

	static void add_log_sample(struct thread_data td, struct io_log iolog,
	unsigned long val, enum fio_ddir ddir)
	{
	__add_log_sample(iolog, val, ddir, mtime_since_now(&td->epoch));
	}

	void add_agg_sample(unsigned long val, enum fio_ddir ddir)
	{
	struct io_log *iolog = agg_io_log[ddir];

	__add_log_sample(iolog, val, ddir, mtime_since_genesis());
	}

	void add_clat_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
	unsigned long msec)
	{
	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

	add_stat_sample(&ts->clat_stat[ddir], msec);

	if (ts->clat_log)
	add_log_sample(td, ts->clat_log, msec, ddir);
	}

	void add_slat_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
	unsigned long msec)
	{
	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;

	add_stat_sample(&ts->slat_stat[ddir], msec);

	if (ts->slat_log)
	add_log_sample(td, ts->slat_log, msec, ddir);
	}

	void add_bw_sample(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
	struct timeval *t)
	{
	struct thread_stat *ts = &td->ts;
	unsigned long spent = mtime_since(&ts->stat_sample_time[ddir], t);
	unsigned long rate;

	if (spent < td->o.bw_avg_time)
	return;

	rate = (td->this_io_bytes[ddir] - ts->stat_io_bytes[ddir]) / spent;
	add_stat_sample(&ts->bw_stat[ddir], rate);

	if (ts->bw_log)
	add_log_sample(td, ts->bw_log, rate, ddir);

	fio_gettime(&ts->stat_sample_time[ddir], NULL);
	ts->stat_io_bytes[ddir] = td->this_io_bytes[ddir];
	}