Hyeon-Bin Jeong: 1. sync() should reset it’s external buffer pointers. 
Remaining characters should be discarded once sync() called. If don’t, garbage
characters can be inserted to the front of external buffer in underflow().
Because underflow() copies remaining characters in external buffer to it’s
front. This results wrong characters insertion when seekpos() or seekoff() is
called.

this line should be inserted in sync() just before return:
__extbufnext_ = __extbufend_ = __extbuf_;

2. sync() should use length() rather than out() to calculate offset.
Reversing iterators and calling out() to calculate offset from behind is
working fine in stateless character encoding. However, in stateful encoding,
escape sequences could differ in length. As a result, out() could return wrong
length. 

For example, if we have internal buffer converted from this external sequence:
(capital letters mean escape sequence)
… a a a a B b b b b

out() produces this sequence. 
b b b b A a a a a

Because out() inserts escape sequence A rather than B, result sequence doesn't
match to external sequence. A and B could have different lengths, result offset
could be wrong value too.

length() method in codecvt is right for calculating offset, but it counts
offset from the beginning of buffer. So it requires another state member
variable to hold state before conversion.
Fixes http://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=13667

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/trunk@162601 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
diff --git a/include/fstream b/include/fstream
index aa78d85..7b6578f 100644
--- a/include/fstream
+++ b/include/fstream
@@ -234,6 +234,7 @@
     FILE* __file_;
     const codecvt<char_type, char, state_type>* __cv_;
     state_type __st_;
+    state_type __st_last_;
     ios_base::openmode __om_;
     ios_base::openmode __cm_;
     bool __owns_eb_;
@@ -255,6 +256,7 @@
       __file_(0),
       __cv_(nullptr),
       __st_(),
+      __st_last_(),
       __om_(0),
       __cm_(0),
       __owns_eb_(false),
@@ -293,6 +295,7 @@
     __file_ = __rhs.__file_;
     __cv_ = __rhs.__cv_;
     __st_ = __rhs.__st_;
+    __st_last_ = __rhs.__st_last_;
     __om_ = __rhs.__om_;
     __cm_ = __rhs.__cm_;
     __owns_eb_ = __rhs.__owns_eb_;
@@ -325,6 +328,7 @@
     __rhs.__ibs_ = 0;
     __rhs.__file_ = 0;
     __rhs.__st_ = state_type();
+    __rhs.__st_last_ = state_type();
     __rhs.__om_ = 0;
     __rhs.__cm_ = 0;
     __rhs.__owns_eb_ = false;
@@ -402,6 +406,7 @@
     _VSTD::swap(__file_, __rhs.__file_);
     _VSTD::swap(__cv_, __rhs.__cv_);
     _VSTD::swap(__st_, __rhs.__st_);
+    _VSTD::swap(__st_last_, __rhs.__st_last_);
     _VSTD::swap(__om_, __rhs.__om_);
     _VSTD::swap(__cm_, __rhs.__cm_);
     _VSTD::swap(__owns_eb_, __rhs.__owns_eb_);
@@ -599,7 +604,7 @@
             size_t __nmemb = _VSTD::min(static_cast<size_t>(__ibs_ - __unget_sz),
                                  static_cast<size_t>(__extbufend_ - __extbufnext_));
             codecvt_base::result __r;
-            state_type __svs = __st_;
+            __st_last_ = __st_;
             size_t __nr = fread((void*)__extbufnext_, 1, __nmemb, __file_);
             if (__nr != 0)
             {
@@ -816,7 +821,7 @@
         return pos_type(off_type(-1));
     if (fseeko(__file_, __sp, SEEK_SET))
         return pos_type(off_type(-1));
-    __st_ = __sp.state;
+    __st_ = __sp.state();
     return __sp;
 }
 
@@ -852,6 +857,8 @@
     else if (__cm_ & ios_base::in)
     {
         off_type __c;
+        state_type __state = __st_last_;
+        bool __update_st = false;
         if (__always_noconv_)
             __c = this->egptr() - this->gptr();
         else
@@ -864,32 +871,19 @@
             {
                 if (this->gptr() != this->egptr())
                 {
-                    reverse(this->gptr(), this->egptr());
-                    codecvt_base::result __r;
-                    const char_type* __e = this->gptr();
-                    char* __extbe;
-                    do
-                    {
-                        __r = __cv_->out(__st_, __e, this->egptr(), __e,
-                                         __extbuf_, __extbuf_ + __ebs_, __extbe);
-                        switch (__r)
-                        {
-                        case codecvt_base::noconv:
-                            __c += this->egptr() - this->gptr();
-                            break;
-                        case codecvt_base::ok:
-                        case codecvt_base::partial:
-                            __c += __extbe - __extbuf_;
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            return -1;
-                        }
-                    } while (__r == codecvt_base::partial);
+                    const int __off =  __cv_->length(__state, __extbuf_,
+                                                     __extbufnext_,
+                                                     this->gptr() - this->eback());
+                    __c += __extbufnext_ - __extbuf_ - __off;
+                    __update_st = true;
                 }
             }
         }
         if (fseeko(__file_, -__c, SEEK_CUR))
             return -1;
+        if (__update_st)
+            __st_ = __state;
+        __extbufnext_ = __extbufend_ = __extbuf_;
         this->setg(0, 0, 0);
         __cm_ = 0;
     }