lib/Target/X86/X86CodeEmitter.cpp

//===-- X86/X86CodeEmitter.cpp - Convert X86 code to machine code ---------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file contains the pass that transforms the X86 machine instructions into
// relocatable machine code.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#define DEBUG_TYPE "x86-emitter"
#include "X86InstrInfo.h"
#include "X86JITInfo.h"
#include "X86Subtarget.h"
#include "X86TargetMachine.h"
#include "X86Relocations.h"
#include "X86.h"
#include "llvm/PassManager.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineCodeEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/JITCodeEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/ObjectCodeEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstr.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineModuleInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/Function.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCCodeEmitter.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCExpr.h"
#include "llvm/MC/MCInst.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h"
using namespace llvm;

STATISTIC(NumEmitted, "Number of machine instructions emitted");

namespace {
  template<class CodeEmitter>
  class VISIBILITY_HIDDEN Emitter : public MachineFunctionPass {
    const X86InstrInfo  *II;
    const TargetData    *TD;
    X86TargetMachine    &TM;
    CodeEmitter         &MCE;
    intptr_t PICBaseOffset;
    bool Is64BitMode;
    bool IsPIC;
  public:
    static char ID;
    explicit Emitter(X86TargetMachine &tm, CodeEmitter &mce)
      : MachineFunctionPass(&ID), II(0), TD(0), TM(tm), 
      MCE(mce), PICBaseOffset(0), Is64BitMode(false),
      IsPIC(TM.getRelocationModel() == Reloc::PIC_) {}
    Emitter(X86TargetMachine &tm, CodeEmitter &mce,
            const X86InstrInfo &ii, const TargetData &td, bool is64)
      : MachineFunctionPass(&ID), II(&ii), TD(&td), TM(tm), 
      MCE(mce), PICBaseOffset(0), Is64BitMode(is64),
      IsPIC(TM.getRelocationModel() == Reloc::PIC_) {}

    bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF);

    virtual const char *getPassName() const {
      return "X86 Machine Code Emitter";
    }

    void emitInstruction(const MachineInstr &MI,
                         const TargetInstrDesc *Desc);
    
    void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
      AU.setPreservesAll();
      AU.addRequired<MachineModuleInfo>();
      MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
    }

  private:
    void emitPCRelativeBlockAddress(MachineBasicBlock *MBB);
    void emitGlobalAddress(GlobalValue *GV, unsigned Reloc,
                           intptr_t Disp = 0, intptr_t PCAdj = 0,
                           bool NeedStub = false, bool Indirect = false);
    void emitExternalSymbolAddress(const char *ES, unsigned Reloc);
    void emitConstPoolAddress(unsigned CPI, unsigned Reloc, intptr_t Disp = 0,
                              intptr_t PCAdj = 0);
    void emitJumpTableAddress(unsigned JTI, unsigned Reloc,
                              intptr_t PCAdj = 0);

    void emitDisplacementField(const MachineOperand *RelocOp, int DispVal,
                               intptr_t Adj = 0, bool IsPCRel = true);

    void emitRegModRMByte(unsigned ModRMReg, unsigned RegOpcodeField);
    void emitRegModRMByte(unsigned RegOpcodeField);
    void emitSIBByte(unsigned SS, unsigned Index, unsigned Base);
    void emitConstant(uint64_t Val, unsigned Size);

    void emitMemModRMByte(const MachineInstr &MI,
                          unsigned Op, unsigned RegOpcodeField,
                          intptr_t PCAdj = 0);

    unsigned getX86RegNum(unsigned RegNo) const;
  };

template<class CodeEmitter>
  char Emitter<CodeEmitter>::ID = 0;
} // end anonymous namespace.

/// createX86CodeEmitterPass - Return a pass that emits the collected X86 code
/// to the specified templated MachineCodeEmitter object.

FunctionPass *llvm::createX86CodeEmitterPass(X86TargetMachine &TM,
                                             MachineCodeEmitter &MCE) {
  return new Emitter<MachineCodeEmitter>(TM, MCE);
}
FunctionPass *llvm::createX86JITCodeEmitterPass(X86TargetMachine &TM,
                                                JITCodeEmitter &JCE) {
  return new Emitter<JITCodeEmitter>(TM, JCE);
}
FunctionPass *llvm::createX86ObjectCodeEmitterPass(X86TargetMachine &TM,
                                                   ObjectCodeEmitter &OCE) {
  return new Emitter<ObjectCodeEmitter>(TM, OCE);
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
bool Emitter<CodeEmitter>::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) {
 
  MCE.setModuleInfo(&getAnalysis<MachineModuleInfo>());
  
  II = TM.getInstrInfo();
  TD = TM.getTargetData();
  Is64BitMode = TM.getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>().is64Bit();
  IsPIC = TM.getRelocationModel() == Reloc::PIC_;
  
  do {
    DEBUG(errs() << "JITTing function '" 
          << MF.getFunction()->getName() << "'\n");
    MCE.startFunction(MF);
    for (MachineFunction::iterator MBB = MF.begin(), E = MF.end(); 
         MBB != E; ++MBB) {
      MCE.StartMachineBasicBlock(MBB);
      for (MachineBasicBlock::const_iterator I = MBB->begin(), E = MBB->end();
           I != E; ++I) {
        const TargetInstrDesc &Desc = I->getDesc();
        emitInstruction(*I, &Desc);
        // MOVPC32r is basically a call plus a pop instruction.
        if (Desc.getOpcode() == X86::MOVPC32r)
          emitInstruction(*I, &II->get(X86::POP32r));
        NumEmitted++;  // Keep track of the # of mi's emitted
      }
    }
  } while (MCE.finishFunction(MF));

  return false;
}

/// emitPCRelativeBlockAddress - This method keeps track of the information
/// necessary to resolve the address of this block later and emits a dummy
/// value.
///
template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitPCRelativeBlockAddress(MachineBasicBlock *MBB) {
  // Remember where this reference was and where it is to so we can
  // deal with it later.
  MCE.addRelocation(MachineRelocation::getBB(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(),
                                             X86::reloc_pcrel_word, MBB));
  MCE.emitWordLE(0);
}

/// emitGlobalAddress - Emit the specified address to the code stream assuming
/// this is part of a "take the address of a global" instruction.
///
template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitGlobalAddress(GlobalValue *GV, unsigned Reloc,
                                intptr_t Disp /* = 0 */,
                                intptr_t PCAdj /* = 0 */,
                                bool NeedStub /* = false */,
                                bool Indirect /* = false */) {
  intptr_t RelocCST = Disp;
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_picrel_word)
    RelocCST = PICBaseOffset;
  else if (Reloc == X86::reloc_pcrel_word)
    RelocCST = PCAdj;
  MachineRelocation MR = Indirect
    ? MachineRelocation::getIndirectSymbol(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(), Reloc,
                                           GV, RelocCST, NeedStub)
    : MachineRelocation::getGV(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(), Reloc,
                               GV, RelocCST, NeedStub);
  MCE.addRelocation(MR);
  // The relocated value will be added to the displacement
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_absolute_dword)
    MCE.emitDWordLE(Disp);
  else
    MCE.emitWordLE((int32_t)Disp);
}

/// emitExternalSymbolAddress - Arrange for the address of an external symbol to
/// be emitted to the current location in the function, and allow it to be PC
/// relative.
template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitExternalSymbolAddress(const char *ES,
                                                     unsigned Reloc) {
  intptr_t RelocCST = (Reloc == X86::reloc_picrel_word) ? PICBaseOffset : 0;
  MCE.addRelocation(MachineRelocation::getExtSym(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(),
                                                 Reloc, ES, RelocCST));
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_absolute_dword)
    MCE.emitDWordLE(0);
  else
    MCE.emitWordLE(0);
}

/// emitConstPoolAddress - Arrange for the address of an constant pool
/// to be emitted to the current location in the function, and allow it to be PC
/// relative.
template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitConstPoolAddress(unsigned CPI, unsigned Reloc,
                                   intptr_t Disp /* = 0 */,
                                   intptr_t PCAdj /* = 0 */) {
  intptr_t RelocCST = 0;
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_picrel_word)
    RelocCST = PICBaseOffset;
  else if (Reloc == X86::reloc_pcrel_word)
    RelocCST = PCAdj;
  MCE.addRelocation(MachineRelocation::getConstPool(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(),
                                                    Reloc, CPI, RelocCST));
  // The relocated value will be added to the displacement
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_absolute_dword)
    MCE.emitDWordLE(Disp);
  else
    MCE.emitWordLE((int32_t)Disp);
}

/// emitJumpTableAddress - Arrange for the address of a jump table to
/// be emitted to the current location in the function, and allow it to be PC
/// relative.
template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitJumpTableAddress(unsigned JTI, unsigned Reloc,
                                   intptr_t PCAdj /* = 0 */) {
  intptr_t RelocCST = 0;
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_picrel_word)
    RelocCST = PICBaseOffset;
  else if (Reloc == X86::reloc_pcrel_word)
    RelocCST = PCAdj;
  MCE.addRelocation(MachineRelocation::getJumpTable(MCE.getCurrentPCOffset(),
                                                    Reloc, JTI, RelocCST));
  // The relocated value will be added to the displacement
  if (Reloc == X86::reloc_absolute_dword)
    MCE.emitDWordLE(0);
  else
    MCE.emitWordLE(0);
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
unsigned Emitter<CodeEmitter>::getX86RegNum(unsigned RegNo) const {
  return II->getRegisterInfo().getX86RegNum(RegNo);
}

inline static unsigned char ModRMByte(unsigned Mod, unsigned RegOpcode,
                                      unsigned RM) {
  assert(Mod < 4 && RegOpcode < 8 && RM < 8 && "ModRM Fields out of range!");
  return RM | (RegOpcode << 3) | (Mod << 6);
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitRegModRMByte(unsigned ModRMReg,
                                            unsigned RegOpcodeFld){
  MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(3, RegOpcodeFld, getX86RegNum(ModRMReg)));
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitRegModRMByte(unsigned RegOpcodeFld) {
  MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(3, RegOpcodeFld, 0));
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitSIBByte(unsigned SS, 
                                       unsigned Index,
                                       unsigned Base) {
  // SIB byte is in the same format as the ModRMByte...
  MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(SS, Index, Base));
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitConstant(uint64_t Val, unsigned Size) {
  // Output the constant in little endian byte order...
  for (unsigned i = 0; i != Size; ++i) {
    MCE.emitByte(Val & 255);
    Val >>= 8;
  }
}

/// isDisp8 - Return true if this signed displacement fits in a 8-bit 
/// sign-extended field. 
static bool isDisp8(int Value) {
  return Value == (signed char)Value;
}

static bool gvNeedsNonLazyPtr(const MachineOperand &GVOp,
                              const TargetMachine &TM) {
  // For Darwin-64, simulate the linktime GOT by using the same non-lazy-pointer
  // mechanism as 32-bit mode.
  if (TM.getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>().is64Bit() && 
      !TM.getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>().isTargetDarwin())
    return false;
  
  // Return true if this is a reference to a stub containing the address of the
  // global, not the global itself.
  return isGlobalStubReference(GVOp.getTargetFlags());
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitDisplacementField(const MachineOperand *RelocOp,
                                                 int DispVal,
                                                 intptr_t Adj /* = 0 */,
                                                 bool IsPCRel /* = true */) {
  // If this is a simple integer displacement that doesn't require a relocation,
  // emit it now.
  if (!RelocOp) {
    emitConstant(DispVal, 4);
    return;
  }

  // Otherwise, this is something that requires a relocation.  Emit it as such
  // now.
  if (RelocOp->isGlobal()) {
    // In 64-bit static small code model, we could potentially emit absolute.
    // But it's probably not beneficial. If the MCE supports using RIP directly
    // do it, otherwise fallback to absolute (this is determined by IsPCRel). 
    //  89 05 00 00 00 00     mov    %eax,0(%rip)  # PC-relative
    //  89 04 25 00 00 00 00  mov    %eax,0x0      # Absolute
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ?
      (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext)
      : (IsPIC ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    bool NeedStub = isa<Function>(RelocOp->getGlobal());
    bool Indirect = gvNeedsNonLazyPtr(*RelocOp, TM);
    emitGlobalAddress(RelocOp->getGlobal(), rt, RelocOp->getOffset(),
                      Adj, NeedStub, Indirect);
  } else if (RelocOp->isSymbol()) {
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ?
      (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext)
      : (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    emitExternalSymbolAddress(RelocOp->getSymbolName(), rt);
  } else if (RelocOp->isCPI()) {
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ?
      (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext)
      : (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    emitConstPoolAddress(RelocOp->getIndex(), rt,
                         RelocOp->getOffset(), Adj);
  } else if (RelocOp->isJTI()) {
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ?
      (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext)
      : (IsPCRel ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    emitJumpTableAddress(RelocOp->getIndex(), rt, Adj);
  } else {
    llvm_unreachable("Unknown value to relocate!");
  }
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitMemModRMByte(const MachineInstr &MI,
                                            unsigned Op,unsigned RegOpcodeField,
                                            intptr_t PCAdj) {
  const MachineOperand &Op3 = MI.getOperand(Op+3);
  int DispVal = 0;
  const MachineOperand *DispForReloc = 0;
  
  // Figure out what sort of displacement we have to handle here.
  if (Op3.isGlobal()) {
    DispForReloc = &Op3;
  } else if (Op3.isSymbol()) {
    DispForReloc = &Op3;
  } else if (Op3.isCPI()) {
    if (!MCE.earlyResolveAddresses() || Is64BitMode || IsPIC) {
      DispForReloc = &Op3;
    } else {
      DispVal += MCE.getConstantPoolEntryAddress(Op3.getIndex());
      DispVal += Op3.getOffset();
    }
  } else if (Op3.isJTI()) {
    if (!MCE.earlyResolveAddresses() || Is64BitMode || IsPIC) {
      DispForReloc = &Op3;
    } else {
      DispVal += MCE.getJumpTableEntryAddress(Op3.getIndex());
    }
  } else {
    DispVal = Op3.getImm();
  }

  const MachineOperand &Base     = MI.getOperand(Op);
  const MachineOperand &Scale    = MI.getOperand(Op+1);
  const MachineOperand &IndexReg = MI.getOperand(Op+2);

  unsigned BaseReg = Base.getReg();

  // Indicate that the displacement will use an pcrel or absolute reference
  // by default. MCEs able to resolve addresses on-the-fly use pcrel by default
  // while others, unless explicit asked to use RIP, use absolute references.
  bool IsPCRel = MCE.earlyResolveAddresses() ? true : false;

  // Is a SIB byte needed?
  // If no BaseReg, issue a RIP relative instruction only if the MCE can 
  // resolve addresses on-the-fly, otherwise use SIB (Intel Manual 2A, table
  // 2-7) and absolute references.
  if ((!Is64BitMode || DispForReloc || BaseReg != 0) &&
      IndexReg.getReg() == 0 && 
      ((BaseReg == 0 && MCE.earlyResolveAddresses()) || BaseReg == X86::RIP || 
       (BaseReg != 0 && getX86RegNum(BaseReg) != N86::ESP))) {
    if (BaseReg == 0 || BaseReg == X86::RIP) {  // Just a displacement?
      // Emit special case [disp32] encoding
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 5));
      emitDisplacementField(DispForReloc, DispVal, PCAdj, true);
    } else {
      unsigned BaseRegNo = getX86RegNum(BaseReg);
      if (!DispForReloc && DispVal == 0 && BaseRegNo != N86::EBP) {
        // Emit simple indirect register encoding... [EAX] f.e.
        MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo));
      } else if (!DispForReloc && isDisp8(DispVal)) {
        // Emit the disp8 encoding... [REG+disp8]
        MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(1, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo));
        emitConstant(DispVal, 1);
      } else {
        // Emit the most general non-SIB encoding: [REG+disp32]
        MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, BaseRegNo));
        emitDisplacementField(DispForReloc, DispVal, PCAdj, IsPCRel);
      }
    }

  } else {  // We need a SIB byte, so start by outputting the ModR/M byte first
    assert(IndexReg.getReg() != X86::ESP &&
           IndexReg.getReg() != X86::RSP && "Cannot use ESP as index reg!");

    bool ForceDisp32 = false;
    bool ForceDisp8  = false;
    if (BaseReg == 0) {
      // If there is no base register, we emit the special case SIB byte with
      // MOD=0, BASE=5, to JUST get the index, scale, and displacement.
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 4));
      ForceDisp32 = true;
    } else if (DispForReloc) {
      // Emit the normal disp32 encoding.
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, 4));
      ForceDisp32 = true;
    } else if (DispVal == 0 && getX86RegNum(BaseReg) != N86::EBP) {
      // Emit no displacement ModR/M byte
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(0, RegOpcodeField, 4));
    } else if (isDisp8(DispVal)) {
      // Emit the disp8 encoding...
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(1, RegOpcodeField, 4));
      ForceDisp8 = true;           // Make sure to force 8 bit disp if Base=EBP
    } else {
      // Emit the normal disp32 encoding...
      MCE.emitByte(ModRMByte(2, RegOpcodeField, 4));
    }

    // Calculate what the SS field value should be...
    static const unsigned SSTable[] = { ~0, 0, 1, ~0, 2, ~0, ~0, ~0, 3 };
    unsigned SS = SSTable[Scale.getImm()];

    if (BaseReg == 0) {
      // Handle the SIB byte for the case where there is no base, see Intel 
      // Manual 2A, table 2-7. The displacement has already been output.
      unsigned IndexRegNo;
      if (IndexReg.getReg())
        IndexRegNo = getX86RegNum(IndexReg.getReg());
      else // Examples: [ESP+1*<noreg>+4] or [scaled idx]+disp32 (MOD=0,BASE=5)
        IndexRegNo = 4;
      emitSIBByte(SS, IndexRegNo, 5);
    } else {
      unsigned BaseRegNo = getX86RegNum(BaseReg);
      unsigned IndexRegNo;
      if (IndexReg.getReg())
        IndexRegNo = getX86RegNum(IndexReg.getReg());
      else
        IndexRegNo = 4;   // For example [ESP+1*<noreg>+4]
      emitSIBByte(SS, IndexRegNo, BaseRegNo);
    }

    // Do we need to output a displacement?
    if (ForceDisp8) {
      emitConstant(DispVal, 1);
    } else if (DispVal != 0 || ForceDisp32) {
      emitDisplacementField(DispForReloc, DispVal, PCAdj, IsPCRel);
    }
  }
}

template<class CodeEmitter>
void Emitter<CodeEmitter>::emitInstruction(const MachineInstr &MI,
                                           const TargetInstrDesc *Desc) {
  DEBUG(errs() << MI);

  MCE.processDebugLoc(MI.getDebugLoc());

  unsigned Opcode = Desc->Opcode;

  // Emit the lock opcode prefix as needed.
  if (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::LOCK)
    MCE.emitByte(0xF0);

  // Emit segment override opcode prefix as needed.
  switch (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::SegOvrMask) {
  case X86II::FS:
    MCE.emitByte(0x64);
    break;
  case X86II::GS:
    MCE.emitByte(0x65);
    break;
  default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid segment!");
  case 0: break;  // No segment override!
  }

  // Emit the repeat opcode prefix as needed.
  if ((Desc->TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) == X86II::REP)
    MCE.emitByte(0xF3);

  // Emit the operand size opcode prefix as needed.
  if (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::OpSize)
    MCE.emitByte(0x66);

  // Emit the address size opcode prefix as needed.
  if (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::AdSize)
    MCE.emitByte(0x67);

  bool Need0FPrefix = false;
  switch (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) {
  case X86II::TB:  // Two-byte opcode prefix
  case X86II::T8:  // 0F 38
  case X86II::TA:  // 0F 3A
    Need0FPrefix = true;
    break;
  case X86II::TF: // F2 0F 38
    MCE.emitByte(0xF2);
    Need0FPrefix = true;
    break;
  case X86II::REP: break; // already handled.
  case X86II::XS:   // F3 0F
    MCE.emitByte(0xF3);
    Need0FPrefix = true;
    break;
  case X86II::XD:   // F2 0F
    MCE.emitByte(0xF2);
    Need0FPrefix = true;
    break;
  case X86II::D8: case X86II::D9: case X86II::DA: case X86II::DB:
  case X86II::DC: case X86II::DD: case X86II::DE: case X86II::DF:
    MCE.emitByte(0xD8+
                 (((Desc->TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask)-X86II::D8)
                                   >> X86II::Op0Shift));
    break; // Two-byte opcode prefix
  default: llvm_unreachable("Invalid prefix!");
  case 0: break;  // No prefix!
  }

  // Handle REX prefix.
  if (Is64BitMode) {
    if (unsigned REX = X86InstrInfo::determineREX(MI))
      MCE.emitByte(0x40 | REX);
  }

  // 0x0F escape code must be emitted just before the opcode.
  if (Need0FPrefix)
    MCE.emitByte(0x0F);

  switch (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::Op0Mask) {
  case X86II::TF:    // F2 0F 38
  case X86II::T8:    // 0F 38
    MCE.emitByte(0x38);
    break;
  case X86II::TA:    // 0F 3A
    MCE.emitByte(0x3A);
    break;
  }

  // If this is a two-address instruction, skip one of the register operands.
  unsigned NumOps = Desc->getNumOperands();
  unsigned CurOp = 0;
  if (NumOps > 1 && Desc->getOperandConstraint(1, TOI::TIED_TO) != -1)
    ++CurOp;
  else if (NumOps > 2 && Desc->getOperandConstraint(NumOps-1, TOI::TIED_TO)== 0)
    // Skip the last source operand that is tied_to the dest reg. e.g. LXADD32
    --NumOps;

  unsigned char BaseOpcode = II->getBaseOpcodeFor(Desc);
  switch (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) {
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("Unknown FormMask value in X86 MachineCodeEmitter!");
  case X86II::Pseudo:
    // Remember the current PC offset, this is the PIC relocation
    // base address.
    switch (Opcode) {
    default: 
      llvm_unreachable("psuedo instructions should be removed before code"
                       " emission");
      break;
    case TargetInstrInfo::INLINEASM:
      // We allow inline assembler nodes with empty bodies - they can
      // implicitly define registers, which is ok for JIT.
      assert(MI.getOperand(0).getSymbolName()[0] == 0 && 
             "JIT does not support inline asm!");
      break;
    case TargetInstrInfo::DBG_LABEL:
    case TargetInstrInfo::EH_LABEL:
      MCE.emitLabel(MI.getOperand(0).getImm());
      break;
    case TargetInstrInfo::IMPLICIT_DEF:
    case X86::DWARF_LOC:
    case X86::FP_REG_KILL:
      break;
    case X86::MOVPC32r: {
      // This emits the "call" portion of this pseudo instruction.
      MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
      emitConstant(0, X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
      // Remember PIC base.
      PICBaseOffset = (intptr_t) MCE.getCurrentPCOffset();
      X86JITInfo *JTI = TM.getJITInfo();
      JTI->setPICBase(MCE.getCurrentPCValue());
      break;
    }
    }
    CurOp = NumOps;
    break;
  case X86II::RawFrm: {
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);

    if (CurOp == NumOps)
      break;
      
    const MachineOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(CurOp++);

    DEBUG(errs() << "RawFrm CurOp " << CurOp << "\n");
    DEBUG(errs() << "isMBB " << MO.isMBB() << "\n");
    DEBUG(errs() << "isGlobal " << MO.isGlobal() << "\n");
    DEBUG(errs() << "isSymbol " << MO.isSymbol() << "\n");
    DEBUG(errs() << "isImm " << MO.isImm() << "\n");

    if (MO.isMBB()) {
      emitPCRelativeBlockAddress(MO.getMBB());
      break;
    }
    
    if (MO.isGlobal()) {
      // Assume undefined functions may be outside the Small codespace.
      bool NeedStub = 
        (Is64BitMode && 
            (TM.getCodeModel() == CodeModel::Large ||
             TM.getSubtarget<X86Subtarget>().isTargetDarwin())) ||
        Opcode == X86::TAILJMPd;
      emitGlobalAddress(MO.getGlobal(), X86::reloc_pcrel_word,
                        MO.getOffset(), 0, NeedStub);
      break;
    }
    
    if (MO.isSymbol()) {
      emitExternalSymbolAddress(MO.getSymbolName(), X86::reloc_pcrel_word);
      break;
    }
    
    assert(MO.isImm() && "Unknown RawFrm operand!");
    if (Opcode == X86::CALLpcrel32 || Opcode == X86::CALL64pcrel32) {
      // Fix up immediate operand for pc relative calls.
      intptr_t Imm = (intptr_t)MO.getImm();
      Imm = Imm - MCE.getCurrentPCValue() - 4;
      emitConstant(Imm, X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    } else
      emitConstant(MO.getImm(), X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    break;
  }
      
  case X86II::AddRegFrm: {
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode + getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getReg()));
    
    if (CurOp == NumOps)
      break;
      
    const MachineOperand &MO1 = MI.getOperand(CurOp++);
    unsigned Size = X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc);
    if (MO1.isImm()) {
      emitConstant(MO1.getImm(), Size);
      break;
    }
    
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word
      : (IsPIC ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    if (Opcode == X86::MOV64ri64i32)
      rt = X86::reloc_absolute_word;  // FIXME: add X86II flag?
    // This should not occur on Darwin for relocatable objects.
    if (Opcode == X86::MOV64ri)
      rt = X86::reloc_absolute_dword;  // FIXME: add X86II flag?
    if (MO1.isGlobal()) {
      bool NeedStub = isa<Function>(MO1.getGlobal());
      bool Indirect = gvNeedsNonLazyPtr(MO1, TM);
      emitGlobalAddress(MO1.getGlobal(), rt, MO1.getOffset(), 0,
                        NeedStub, Indirect);
    } else if (MO1.isSymbol())
      emitExternalSymbolAddress(MO1.getSymbolName(), rt);
    else if (MO1.isCPI())
      emitConstPoolAddress(MO1.getIndex(), rt);
    else if (MO1.isJTI())
      emitJumpTableAddress(MO1.getIndex(), rt);
    break;
  }

  case X86II::MRMDestReg: {
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    emitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp).getReg(),
                     getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp+1).getReg()));
    CurOp += 2;
    if (CurOp != NumOps)
      emitConstant(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getImm(),
                   X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    break;
  }
  case X86II::MRMDestMem: {
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    emitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp,
                     getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp + X86AddrNumOperands)
                                  .getReg()));
    CurOp +=  X86AddrNumOperands + 1;
    if (CurOp != NumOps)
      emitConstant(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getImm(),
                   X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    break;
  }

  case X86II::MRMSrcReg:
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    emitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp+1).getReg(),
                     getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp).getReg()));
    CurOp += 2;
    if (CurOp != NumOps)
      emitConstant(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getImm(),
                   X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    break;

  case X86II::MRMSrcMem: {
    // FIXME: Maybe lea should have its own form?
    int AddrOperands;
    if (Opcode == X86::LEA64r || Opcode == X86::LEA64_32r ||
        Opcode == X86::LEA16r || Opcode == X86::LEA32r)
      AddrOperands = X86AddrNumOperands - 1; // No segment register
    else
      AddrOperands = X86AddrNumOperands;

    intptr_t PCAdj = (CurOp + AddrOperands + 1 != NumOps) ?
      X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc) : 0;

    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    emitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp+1, getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp).getReg()),
                     PCAdj);
    CurOp += AddrOperands + 1;
    if (CurOp != NumOps)
      emitConstant(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getImm(),
                   X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc));
    break;
  }

  case X86II::MRM0r: case X86II::MRM1r:
  case X86II::MRM2r: case X86II::MRM3r:
  case X86II::MRM4r: case X86II::MRM5r:
  case X86II::MRM6r: case X86II::MRM7r: {
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);

    // Special handling of lfence, mfence, monitor, and mwait.
    if (Desc->getOpcode() == X86::LFENCE ||
        Desc->getOpcode() == X86::MFENCE ||
        Desc->getOpcode() == X86::MONITOR ||
        Desc->getOpcode() == X86::MWAIT) {
      emitRegModRMByte((Desc->TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0r);

      switch (Desc->getOpcode()) {
      default: break;
      case X86::MONITOR:
        MCE.emitByte(0xC8);
        break;
      case X86::MWAIT:
        MCE.emitByte(0xC9);
        break;
      }
    } else {
      emitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp++).getReg(),
                       (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0r);
    }

    if (CurOp == NumOps)
      break;
    
    const MachineOperand &MO1 = MI.getOperand(CurOp++);
    unsigned Size = X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc);
    if (MO1.isImm()) {
      emitConstant(MO1.getImm(), Size);
      break;
    }
    
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word
      : (IsPIC ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    if (Opcode == X86::MOV64ri32)
      rt = X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext;  // FIXME: add X86II flag?
    if (MO1.isGlobal()) {
      bool NeedStub = isa<Function>(MO1.getGlobal());
      bool Indirect = gvNeedsNonLazyPtr(MO1, TM);
      emitGlobalAddress(MO1.getGlobal(), rt, MO1.getOffset(), 0,
                        NeedStub, Indirect);
    } else if (MO1.isSymbol())
      emitExternalSymbolAddress(MO1.getSymbolName(), rt);
    else if (MO1.isCPI())
      emitConstPoolAddress(MO1.getIndex(), rt);
    else if (MO1.isJTI())
      emitJumpTableAddress(MO1.getIndex(), rt);
    break;
  }

  case X86II::MRM0m: case X86II::MRM1m:
  case X86II::MRM2m: case X86II::MRM3m:
  case X86II::MRM4m: case X86II::MRM5m:
  case X86II::MRM6m: case X86II::MRM7m: {
    intptr_t PCAdj = (CurOp + X86AddrNumOperands != NumOps) ?
      (MI.getOperand(CurOp+X86AddrNumOperands).isImm() ? 
          X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc) : 4) : 0;

    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    emitMemModRMByte(MI, CurOp, (Desc->TSFlags & X86II::FormMask)-X86II::MRM0m,
                     PCAdj);
    CurOp += X86AddrNumOperands;

    if (CurOp == NumOps)
      break;
    
    const MachineOperand &MO = MI.getOperand(CurOp++);
    unsigned Size = X86InstrInfo::sizeOfImm(Desc);
    if (MO.isImm()) {
      emitConstant(MO.getImm(), Size);
      break;
    }
    
    unsigned rt = Is64BitMode ? X86::reloc_pcrel_word
      : (IsPIC ? X86::reloc_picrel_word : X86::reloc_absolute_word);
    if (Opcode == X86::MOV64mi32)
      rt = X86::reloc_absolute_word_sext;  // FIXME: add X86II flag?
    if (MO.isGlobal()) {
      bool NeedStub = isa<Function>(MO.getGlobal());
      bool Indirect = gvNeedsNonLazyPtr(MO, TM);
      emitGlobalAddress(MO.getGlobal(), rt, MO.getOffset(), 0,
                        NeedStub, Indirect);
    } else if (MO.isSymbol())
      emitExternalSymbolAddress(MO.getSymbolName(), rt);
    else if (MO.isCPI())
      emitConstPoolAddress(MO.getIndex(), rt);
    else if (MO.isJTI())
      emitJumpTableAddress(MO.getIndex(), rt);
    break;
  }

  case X86II::MRMInitReg:
    MCE.emitByte(BaseOpcode);
    // Duplicate register, used by things like MOV8r0 (aka xor reg,reg).
    emitRegModRMByte(MI.getOperand(CurOp).getReg(),
                     getX86RegNum(MI.getOperand(CurOp).getReg()));
    ++CurOp;
    break;
  }

  if (!Desc->isVariadic() && CurOp != NumOps) {
#ifndef NDEBUG
    errs() << "Cannot encode all operands of: " << MI << "\n";
#endif
    llvm_unreachable(0);
  }
}

// Adapt the Emitter / CodeEmitter interfaces to MCCodeEmitter.
//
// FIXME: This is a total hack designed to allow work on llvm-mc to proceed
// without being blocked on various cleanups needed to support a clean interface
// to instruction encoding.
//
// Look away!

#include "llvm/DerivedTypes.h"

namespace {
class MCSingleInstructionCodeEmitter : public MachineCodeEmitter {
  uint8_t Data[256];

public:
  MCSingleInstructionCodeEmitter() { reset(); }

  void reset() { 
    BufferBegin = Data;
    BufferEnd = array_endof(Data);
    CurBufferPtr = Data;
  }

  StringRef str() {
    return StringRef(reinterpret_cast<char*>(BufferBegin),
                     CurBufferPtr - BufferBegin);
  }

  virtual void startFunction(MachineFunction &F) {}
  virtual bool finishFunction(MachineFunction &F) { return false; }
  virtual void emitLabel(uint64_t LabelID) {}
  virtual void StartMachineBasicBlock(MachineBasicBlock *MBB) {}
  virtual bool earlyResolveAddresses() const { return false; }
  virtual void addRelocation(const MachineRelocation &MR) { }
  virtual uintptr_t getConstantPoolEntryAddress(unsigned Index) const {
    return 0;
  }
  virtual uintptr_t getJumpTableEntryAddress(unsigned Index) const {
    return 0;
  }
  virtual uintptr_t getMachineBasicBlockAddress(MachineBasicBlock *MBB) const {
    return 0;
  }
  virtual uintptr_t getLabelAddress(uint64_t LabelID) const {
    return 0;
  }
  virtual void setModuleInfo(MachineModuleInfo* Info) {}
};

class X86MCCodeEmitter : public MCCodeEmitter {
  X86MCCodeEmitter(const X86MCCodeEmitter &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
  void operator=(const X86MCCodeEmitter &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT

private:
  X86TargetMachine &TM;
  llvm::Function *DummyF;
  TargetData *DummyTD;
  mutable llvm::MachineFunction *DummyMF;
  llvm::MachineBasicBlock *DummyMBB;
  
  MCSingleInstructionCodeEmitter *InstrEmitter;
  Emitter<MachineCodeEmitter> *Emit;

public:
  X86MCCodeEmitter(X86TargetMachine &_TM) : TM(_TM) {
    // Verily, thou shouldst avert thine eyes.
    const llvm::FunctionType *FTy =
      FunctionType::get(llvm::Type::getVoidTy(getGlobalContext()), false);
    DummyF = Function::Create(FTy, GlobalValue::InternalLinkage);
    DummyTD = new TargetData("");
    DummyMF = new MachineFunction(DummyF, TM);
    DummyMBB = DummyMF->CreateMachineBasicBlock();

    InstrEmitter = new MCSingleInstructionCodeEmitter();
    Emit = new Emitter<MachineCodeEmitter>(TM, *InstrEmitter, 
                                           *TM.getInstrInfo(),
                                           *DummyTD, false);
  }
  ~X86MCCodeEmitter() {
    delete Emit;
    delete InstrEmitter;
    delete DummyMF;
    delete DummyF;
  }

  bool AddRegToInstr(const MCInst &MI, MachineInstr *Instr,
                     unsigned Start) const {
    if (Start + 1 > MI.getNumOperands())
      return false;

    const MCOperand &Op = MI.getOperand(Start);
    if (!Op.isReg()) return false;

    Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateReg(Op.getReg(), false));
    return true;
  }

  bool AddImmToInstr(const MCInst &MI, MachineInstr *Instr,
                     unsigned Start) const {
    if (Start + 1 > MI.getNumOperands())
      return false;

    const MCOperand &Op = MI.getOperand(Start);
    if (Op.isImm()) {
      Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateImm(Op.getImm()));
      return true;
    }
    if (!Op.isExpr())
      return false;

    const MCExpr *Expr = Op.getExpr();
    if (const MCConstantExpr *CE = dyn_cast<MCConstantExpr>(Expr)) {
      Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateImm(CE->getValue()));
      return true;
    }

    // FIXME: Relocation / fixup.
    Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateImm(0));
    return true;
  }

  bool AddLMemToInstr(const MCInst &MI, MachineInstr *Instr,
                     unsigned Start) const {
    return (AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 0) &&
            AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 1) &&
            AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 2) &&
            AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 3));
  }

  bool AddMemToInstr(const MCInst &MI, MachineInstr *Instr,
                     unsigned Start) const {
    return (AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 0) &&
            AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 1) &&
            AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 2) &&
            AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 3) &&
            AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, Start + 4));
  }

  void EncodeInstruction(const MCInst &MI, raw_ostream &OS) const {
    // Don't look yet!

    // Convert the MCInst to a MachineInstr so we can (ab)use the regular
    // emitter.
    const X86InstrInfo &II = *TM.getInstrInfo();
    const TargetInstrDesc &Desc = II.get(MI.getOpcode());    
    MachineInstr *Instr = DummyMF->CreateMachineInstr(Desc, DebugLoc());
    DummyMBB->push_back(Instr);

    unsigned Opcode = MI.getOpcode();
    unsigned NumOps = MI.getNumOperands();
    unsigned CurOp = 0;
    if (NumOps > 1 && Desc.getOperandConstraint(1, TOI::TIED_TO) != -1) {
      Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateReg(0, false));
      ++CurOp;
    } else if (NumOps > 2 && 
             Desc.getOperandConstraint(NumOps-1, TOI::TIED_TO)== 0)
      // Skip the last source operand that is tied_to the dest reg. e.g. LXADD32
      --NumOps;

    bool OK = true;
    switch (Desc.TSFlags & X86II::FormMask) {
    case X86II::MRMDestReg:
    case X86II::MRMSrcReg:
      // Matching doesn't fill this in completely, we have to choose operand 0
      // for a tied register.
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, 0); CurOp++;
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp++);
      if (CurOp < NumOps)
        OK &= AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;

    case X86II::RawFrm:
      if (CurOp < NumOps) {
        // Hack to make branches work.
        if (!(Desc.TSFlags & X86II::ImmMask) &&
            MI.getOperand(0).isExpr() &&
            isa<MCSymbolRefExpr>(MI.getOperand(0).getExpr()))
          Instr->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateMBB(DummyMBB));
        else
          OK &= AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      }
      break;

    case X86II::AddRegFrm:
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp++);
      if (CurOp < NumOps)
        OK &= AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;

    case X86II::MRM0r: case X86II::MRM1r:
    case X86II::MRM2r: case X86II::MRM3r:
    case X86II::MRM4r: case X86II::MRM5r:
    case X86II::MRM6r: case X86II::MRM7r:
      // Matching doesn't fill this in completely, we have to choose operand 0
      // for a tied register.
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, 0); CurOp++;
      if (CurOp < NumOps)
        OK &= AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;
      
    case X86II::MRM0m: case X86II::MRM1m:
    case X86II::MRM2m: case X86II::MRM3m:
    case X86II::MRM4m: case X86II::MRM5m:
    case X86II::MRM6m: case X86II::MRM7m:
      OK &= AddMemToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp); CurOp += 5;
      if (CurOp < NumOps)
        OK &= AddImmToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;

    case X86II::MRMSrcMem:
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp++);
      if (Opcode == X86::LEA64r || Opcode == X86::LEA64_32r ||
          Opcode == X86::LEA16r || Opcode == X86::LEA32r)
        OK &= AddLMemToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      else
        OK &= AddMemToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;

    case X86II::MRMDestMem:
      OK &= AddMemToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp); CurOp += 5;
      OK &= AddRegToInstr(MI, Instr, CurOp);
      break;

    default:
    case X86II::MRMInitReg:
    case X86II::Pseudo:
      OK = false;
      break;
    }

    if (!OK) {
      errs() << "couldn't convert inst '";
      MI.print(errs());
      errs() << "' to machine instr:\n";
      Instr->dump();
    }

    InstrEmitter->reset();
    if (OK)
      Emit->emitInstruction(*Instr, &Desc);
    OS << InstrEmitter->str();

    Instr->eraseFromParent();
  }
};
}

// Ok, now you can look.
MCCodeEmitter *llvm::createX86MCCodeEmitter(const Target &,
                                            TargetMachine &TM) {
  return new X86MCCodeEmitter(static_cast<X86TargetMachine&>(TM));
}