Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" |
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Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3 | <html> |
| 4 | <head> |
| 5 | <title>LLVM Assembly Language Reference Manual</title> |
Reid Spencer | 3921c74 | 2004-08-26 20:44:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 6 | <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> |
| 7 | <meta name="author" content="Chris Lattner"> |
| 8 | <meta name="description" |
| 9 | content="LLVM Assembly Language Reference Manual."> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 10 | <link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css"> |
| 11 | </head> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 12 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 13 | <body> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 14 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 15 | <div class="doc_title"> LLVM Language Reference Manual </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 16 | <ol> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 17 | <li><a href="#abstract">Abstract</a></li> |
| 18 | <li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li> |
| 19 | <li><a href="#identifiers">Identifiers</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 20 | <li><a href="#highlevel">High Level Structure</a> |
| 21 | <ol> |
| 22 | <li><a href="#modulestructure">Module Structure</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 23 | <li><a href="#linkage">Linkage Types</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 24 | <li><a href="#callingconv">Calling Conventions</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 25 | <li><a href="#globalvars">Global Variables</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 26 | <li><a href="#functionstructure">Functions</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 27 | <li><a href="#paramattrs">Parameter Attributes</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 28 | <li><a href="#moduleasm">Module-Level Inline Assembly</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 29 | </ol> |
| 30 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 31 | <li><a href="#typesystem">Type System</a> |
| 32 | <ol> |
Robert Bocchino | 7b81c75 | 2006-02-17 21:18:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 33 | <li><a href="#t_primitive">Primitive Types</a> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | <ol> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | <li><a href="#t_classifications">Type Classifications</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 36 | </ol> |
| 37 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 38 | <li><a href="#t_derived">Derived Types</a> |
| 39 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 40 | <li><a href="#t_array">Array Type</a></li> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 41 | <li><a href="#t_function">Function Type</a></li> |
| 42 | <li><a href="#t_pointer">Pointer Type</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 43 | <li><a href="#t_struct">Structure Type</a></li> |
Andrew Lenharth | 75e1068 | 2006-12-08 17:13:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 44 | <li><a href="#t_pstruct">Packed Structure Type</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 45 | <li><a href="#t_packed">Packed Type</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 46 | <li><a href="#t_opaque">Opaque Type</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 47 | </ol> |
| 48 | </li> |
| 49 | </ol> |
| 50 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 51 | <li><a href="#constants">Constants</a> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 52 | <ol> |
| 53 | <li><a href="#simpleconstants">Simple Constants</a> |
| 54 | <li><a href="#aggregateconstants">Aggregate Constants</a> |
| 55 | <li><a href="#globalconstants">Global Variable and Function Addresses</a> |
| 56 | <li><a href="#undefvalues">Undefined Values</a> |
| 57 | <li><a href="#constantexprs">Constant Expressions</a> |
| 58 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 59 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | e87d653 | 2006-01-25 23:47:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 60 | <li><a href="#othervalues">Other Values</a> |
| 61 | <ol> |
| 62 | <li><a href="#inlineasm">Inline Assembler Expressions</a> |
| 63 | </ol> |
| 64 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 65 | <li><a href="#instref">Instruction Reference</a> |
| 66 | <ol> |
| 67 | <li><a href="#terminators">Terminator Instructions</a> |
| 68 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 69 | <li><a href="#i_ret">'<tt>ret</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 70 | <li><a href="#i_br">'<tt>br</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 71 | <li><a href="#i_switch">'<tt>switch</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 72 | <li><a href="#i_invoke">'<tt>invoke</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | <li><a href="#i_unwind">'<tt>unwind</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 74 | <li><a href="#i_unreachable">'<tt>unreachable</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 75 | </ol> |
| 76 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | <li><a href="#binaryops">Binary Operations</a> |
| 78 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 79 | <li><a href="#i_add">'<tt>add</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 80 | <li><a href="#i_sub">'<tt>sub</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 81 | <li><a href="#i_mul">'<tt>mul</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 82 | <li><a href="#i_udiv">'<tt>udiv</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 83 | <li><a href="#i_sdiv">'<tt>sdiv</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 84 | <li><a href="#i_fdiv">'<tt>fdiv</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 85 | <li><a href="#i_urem">'<tt>urem</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 86 | <li><a href="#i_srem">'<tt>srem</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 87 | <li><a href="#i_frem">'<tt>frem</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 88 | </ol> |
| 89 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 90 | <li><a href="#bitwiseops">Bitwise Binary Operations</a> |
| 91 | <ol> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 92 | <li><a href="#i_and">'<tt>and</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 93 | <li><a href="#i_or">'<tt>or</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 94 | <li><a href="#i_xor">'<tt>xor</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 95 | <li><a href="#i_shl">'<tt>shl</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 96 | <li><a href="#i_lshr">'<tt>lshr</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 97 | <li><a href="#i_ashr">'<tt>ashr</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 98 | </ol> |
| 99 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 100 | <li><a href="#vectorops">Vector Operations</a> |
| 101 | <ol> |
| 102 | <li><a href="#i_extractelement">'<tt>extractelement</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 103 | <li><a href="#i_insertelement">'<tt>insertelement</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 104 | <li><a href="#i_shufflevector">'<tt>shufflevector</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 105 | </ol> |
| 106 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 884a970 | 2006-08-15 00:45:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 107 | <li><a href="#memoryops">Memory Access and Addressing Operations</a> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | <li><a href="#i_malloc">'<tt>malloc</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 110 | <li><a href="#i_free">'<tt>free</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 111 | <li><a href="#i_alloca">'<tt>alloca</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Robert Bocchino | 7b81c75 | 2006-02-17 21:18:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 112 | <li><a href="#i_load">'<tt>load</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 113 | <li><a href="#i_store">'<tt>store</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 114 | <li><a href="#i_getelementptr">'<tt>getelementptr</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 115 | </ol> |
| 116 | </li> |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 117 | <li><a href="#convertops">Conversion Operations</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 118 | <ol> |
| 119 | <li><a href="#i_trunc">'<tt>trunc .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 120 | <li><a href="#i_zext">'<tt>zext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 121 | <li><a href="#i_sext">'<tt>sext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 122 | <li><a href="#i_fptrunc">'<tt>fptrunc .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 123 | <li><a href="#i_fpext">'<tt>fpext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 124 | <li><a href="#i_fptoui">'<tt>fptoui .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 125 | <li><a href="#i_fptosi">'<tt>fptosi .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 126 | <li><a href="#i_uitofp">'<tt>uitofp .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 127 | <li><a href="#i_sitofp">'<tt>sitofp .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 7267925 | 2006-11-11 21:00:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 128 | <li><a href="#i_ptrtoint">'<tt>ptrtoint .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 129 | <li><a href="#i_inttoptr">'<tt>inttoptr .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 130 | <li><a href="#i_bitcast">'<tt>bitcast .. to</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 132 | <li><a href="#otherops">Other Operations</a> |
| 133 | <ol> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 134 | <li><a href="#i_icmp">'<tt>icmp</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
| 135 | <li><a href="#i_fcmp">'<tt>fcmp</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 136 | <li><a href="#i_phi">'<tt>phi</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | <li><a href="#i_select">'<tt>select</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 138 | <li><a href="#i_call">'<tt>call</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | fb6977d | 2006-01-13 23:26:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 139 | <li><a href="#i_va_arg">'<tt>va_arg</tt>' Instruction</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 140 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 141 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 144 | <li><a href="#intrinsics">Intrinsic Functions</a> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 145 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 146 | <li><a href="#int_varargs">Variable Argument Handling Intrinsics</a> |
| 147 | <ol> |
| 148 | <li><a href="#i_va_start">'<tt>llvm.va_start</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 149 | <li><a href="#i_va_end">'<tt>llvm.va_end</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 150 | <li><a href="#i_va_copy">'<tt>llvm.va_copy</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 151 | </ol> |
| 152 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 153 | <li><a href="#int_gc">Accurate Garbage Collection Intrinsics</a> |
| 154 | <ol> |
| 155 | <li><a href="#i_gcroot">'<tt>llvm.gcroot</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 156 | <li><a href="#i_gcread">'<tt>llvm.gcread</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 157 | <li><a href="#i_gcwrite">'<tt>llvm.gcwrite</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 158 | </ol> |
| 159 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | <li><a href="#int_codegen">Code Generator Intrinsics</a> |
| 161 | <ol> |
| 162 | <li><a href="#i_returnaddress">'<tt>llvm.returnaddress</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 163 | <li><a href="#i_frameaddress">'<tt>llvm.frameaddress</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 57e1f39 | 2006-01-13 02:03:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 164 | <li><a href="#i_stacksave">'<tt>llvm.stacksave</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 165 | <li><a href="#i_stackrestore">'<tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 166 | <li><a href="#i_prefetch">'<tt>llvm.prefetch</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Andrew Lenharth | 7f4ec3b | 2005-03-28 20:05:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 167 | <li><a href="#i_pcmarker">'<tt>llvm.pcmarker</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Andrew Lenharth | 51b8d54 | 2005-11-11 16:47:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | <li><a href="#i_readcyclecounter"><tt>llvm.readcyclecounter</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
John Criswell | 7123e27 | 2004-04-09 16:43:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 169 | </ol> |
| 170 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | <li><a href="#int_libc">Standard C Library Intrinsics</a> |
| 172 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 173 | <li><a href="#i_memcpy">'<tt>llvm.memcpy.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 174 | <li><a href="#i_memmove">'<tt>llvm.memmove.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 175 | <li><a href="#i_memset">'<tt>llvm.memset.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 176 | <li><a href="#i_isunordered">'<tt>llvm.isunordered.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
| 177 | <li><a href="#i_sqrt">'<tt>llvm.sqrt.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | f4d252d | 2006-09-08 06:34:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 178 | <li><a href="#i_powi">'<tt>llvm.powi.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 179 | </ol> |
| 180 | </li> |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 181 | <li><a href="#int_manip">Bit Manipulation Intrinsics</a> |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 182 | <ol> |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 183 | <li><a href="#i_bswap">'<tt>llvm.bswap.*</tt>' Intrinsics</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 8a886be | 2006-01-16 22:34:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 184 | <li><a href="#int_ctpop">'<tt>llvm.ctpop.*</tt>' Intrinsic </a></li> |
| 185 | <li><a href="#int_ctlz">'<tt>llvm.ctlz.*</tt>' Intrinsic </a></li> |
| 186 | <li><a href="#int_cttz">'<tt>llvm.cttz.*</tt>' Intrinsic </a></li> |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 187 | </ol> |
| 188 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | <li><a href="#int_debugger">Debugger intrinsics</a></li> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 190 | </ol> |
| 191 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 192 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | |
| 194 | <div class="doc_author"> |
| 195 | <p>Written by <a href="mailto:sabre@nondot.org">Chris Lattner</a> |
| 196 | and <a href="mailto:vadve@cs.uiuc.edu">Vikram Adve</a></p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 197 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 198 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 199 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 200 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="abstract">Abstract </a></div> |
| 201 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 202 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 203 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 204 | <p>This document is a reference manual for the LLVM assembly language. |
| 205 | LLVM is an SSA based representation that provides type safety, |
| 206 | low-level operations, flexibility, and the capability of representing |
| 207 | 'all' high-level languages cleanly. It is the common code |
| 208 | representation used throughout all phases of the LLVM compilation |
| 209 | strategy.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 210 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 211 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 212 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 213 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="introduction">Introduction</a> </div> |
| 214 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 215 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 216 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 217 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | <p>The LLVM code representation is designed to be used in three |
| 219 | different forms: as an in-memory compiler IR, as an on-disk bytecode |
| 220 | representation (suitable for fast loading by a Just-In-Time compiler), |
| 221 | and as a human readable assembly language representation. This allows |
| 222 | LLVM to provide a powerful intermediate representation for efficient |
| 223 | compiler transformations and analysis, while providing a natural means |
| 224 | to debug and visualize the transformations. The three different forms |
| 225 | of LLVM are all equivalent. This document describes the human readable |
| 226 | representation and notation.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 227 | |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 228 | <p>The LLVM representation aims to be light-weight and low-level |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 229 | while being expressive, typed, and extensible at the same time. It |
| 230 | aims to be a "universal IR" of sorts, by being at a low enough level |
| 231 | that high-level ideas may be cleanly mapped to it (similar to how |
| 232 | microprocessors are "universal IR's", allowing many source languages to |
| 233 | be mapped to them). By providing type information, LLVM can be used as |
| 234 | the target of optimizations: for example, through pointer analysis, it |
| 235 | can be proven that a C automatic variable is never accessed outside of |
| 236 | the current function... allowing it to be promoted to a simple SSA |
| 237 | value instead of a memory location.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 238 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 239 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 240 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 241 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 242 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="wellformed">Well-Formedness</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 243 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 244 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 245 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 246 | <p>It is important to note that this document describes 'well formed' |
| 247 | LLVM assembly language. There is a difference between what the parser |
| 248 | accepts and what is considered 'well formed'. For example, the |
| 249 | following instruction is syntactically okay, but not well formed:</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 250 | |
| 251 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 252 | %x = <a href="#i_add">add</a> i32 1, %x |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 253 | </pre> |
| 254 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 255 | <p>...because the definition of <tt>%x</tt> does not dominate all of |
| 256 | its uses. The LLVM infrastructure provides a verification pass that may |
| 257 | be used to verify that an LLVM module is well formed. This pass is |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 258 | automatically run by the parser after parsing input assembly and by |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 259 | the optimizer before it outputs bytecode. The violations pointed out |
| 260 | by the verifier pass indicate bugs in transformation passes or input to |
| 261 | the parser.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 262 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 263 | <!-- Describe the typesetting conventions here. --> </div> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 264 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 265 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 266 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="identifiers">Identifiers</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 267 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 268 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 269 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 270 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 271 | <p>LLVM uses three different forms of identifiers, for different |
| 272 | purposes:</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 273 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 274 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 275 | <li>Named values are represented as a string of characters with a '%' prefix. |
| 276 | For example, %foo, %DivisionByZero, %a.really.long.identifier. The actual |
| 277 | regular expression used is '<tt>%[a-zA-Z$._][a-zA-Z$._0-9]*</tt>'. |
| 278 | Identifiers which require other characters in their names can be surrounded |
| 279 | with quotes. In this way, anything except a <tt>"</tt> character can be used |
| 280 | in a name.</li> |
| 281 | |
| 282 | <li>Unnamed values are represented as an unsigned numeric value with a '%' |
| 283 | prefix. For example, %12, %2, %44.</li> |
| 284 | |
Reid Spencer | cc16dc3 | 2004-12-09 18:02:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 285 | <li>Constants, which are described in a <a href="#constants">section about |
| 286 | constants</a>, below.</li> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 287 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 288 | |
| 289 | <p>LLVM requires that values start with a '%' sign for two reasons: Compilers |
| 290 | don't need to worry about name clashes with reserved words, and the set of |
| 291 | reserved words may be expanded in the future without penalty. Additionally, |
| 292 | unnamed identifiers allow a compiler to quickly come up with a temporary |
| 293 | variable without having to avoid symbol table conflicts.</p> |
| 294 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 295 | <p>Reserved words in LLVM are very similar to reserved words in other |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 296 | languages. There are keywords for different opcodes |
| 297 | ('<tt><a href="#i_add">add</a></tt>', |
| 298 | '<tt><a href="#i_bitcast">bitcast</a></tt>', |
| 299 | '<tt><a href="#i_ret">ret</a></tt>', etc...), for primitive type names ('<tt><a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 300 | href="#t_void">void</a></tt>', '<tt><a href="#t_primitive">i32</a></tt>', etc...), |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 301 | and others. These reserved words cannot conflict with variable names, because |
| 302 | none of them start with a '%' character.</p> |
| 303 | |
| 304 | <p>Here is an example of LLVM code to multiply the integer variable |
| 305 | '<tt>%X</tt>' by 8:</p> |
| 306 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 307 | <p>The easy way:</p> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 308 | |
| 309 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 310 | %result = <a href="#i_mul">mul</a> i32 %X, 8 |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 311 | </pre> |
| 312 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 313 | <p>After strength reduction:</p> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 314 | |
| 315 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 316 | %result = <a href="#i_shl">shl</a> i32 %X, i8 3 |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 317 | </pre> |
| 318 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 319 | <p>And the hard way:</p> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 320 | |
| 321 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 322 | <a href="#i_add">add</a> i32 %X, %X <i>; yields {i32}:%0</i> |
| 323 | <a href="#i_add">add</a> i32 %0, %0 <i>; yields {i32}:%1</i> |
| 324 | %result = <a href="#i_add">add</a> i32 %1, %1 |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 325 | </pre> |
| 326 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 327 | <p>This last way of multiplying <tt>%X</tt> by 8 illustrates several |
| 328 | important lexical features of LLVM:</p> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 329 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 330 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 331 | |
| 332 | <li>Comments are delimited with a '<tt>;</tt>' and go until the end of |
| 333 | line.</li> |
| 334 | |
| 335 | <li>Unnamed temporaries are created when the result of a computation is not |
| 336 | assigned to a named value.</li> |
| 337 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 338 | <li>Unnamed temporaries are numbered sequentially</li> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 339 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 340 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 341 | |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 342 | <p>...and it also shows a convention that we follow in this document. When |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 343 | demonstrating instructions, we will follow an instruction with a comment that |
| 344 | defines the type and name of value produced. Comments are shown in italic |
| 345 | text.</p> |
| 346 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 347 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 348 | |
| 349 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
| 350 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="highlevel">High Level Structure</a> </div> |
| 351 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
| 352 | |
| 353 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 354 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="modulestructure">Module Structure</a> |
| 355 | </div> |
| 356 | |
| 357 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 358 | |
| 359 | <p>LLVM programs are composed of "Module"s, each of which is a |
| 360 | translation unit of the input programs. Each module consists of |
| 361 | functions, global variables, and symbol table entries. Modules may be |
| 362 | combined together with the LLVM linker, which merges function (and |
| 363 | global variable) definitions, resolves forward declarations, and merges |
| 364 | symbol table entries. Here is an example of the "hello world" module:</p> |
| 365 | |
| 366 | <pre><i>; Declare the string constant as a global constant...</i> |
| 367 | <a href="#identifiers">%.LC0</a> = <a href="#linkage_internal">internal</a> <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 368 | href="#globalvars">constant</a> <a href="#t_array">[13 x i8 ]</a> c"hello world\0A\00" <i>; [13 x i8 ]*</i> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 369 | |
| 370 | <i>; External declaration of the puts function</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 371 | <a href="#functionstructure">declare</a> i32 %puts(i8 *) <i>; i32(i8 *)* </i> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 372 | |
Chris Lattner | 81c01f0 | 2006-06-13 03:05:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 373 | <i>; Global variable / Function body section separator</i> |
| 374 | implementation |
| 375 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 376 | <i>; Definition of main function</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 377 | define i32 %main() { <i>; i32()* </i> |
| 378 | <i>; Convert [13x i8 ]* to i8 *...</i> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 379 | %cast210 = <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 380 | href="#i_getelementptr">getelementptr</a> [13 x i8 ]* %.LC0, i64 0, i64 0 <i>; i8 *</i> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 381 | |
| 382 | <i>; Call puts function to write out the string to stdout...</i> |
| 383 | <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 384 | href="#i_call">call</a> i32 %puts(i8 * %cast210) <i>; i32</i> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 385 | <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 386 | href="#i_ret">ret</a> i32 0<br>}<br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 387 | |
| 388 | <p>This example is made up of a <a href="#globalvars">global variable</a> |
| 389 | named "<tt>.LC0</tt>", an external declaration of the "<tt>puts</tt>" |
| 390 | function, and a <a href="#functionstructure">function definition</a> |
| 391 | for "<tt>main</tt>".</p> |
| 392 | |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 393 | <p>In general, a module is made up of a list of global values, |
| 394 | where both functions and global variables are global values. Global values are |
| 395 | represented by a pointer to a memory location (in this case, a pointer to an |
| 396 | array of char, and a pointer to a function), and have one of the following <a |
| 397 | href="#linkage">linkage types</a>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 398 | |
Chris Lattner | 81c01f0 | 2006-06-13 03:05:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 399 | <p>Due to a limitation in the current LLVM assembly parser (it is limited by |
| 400 | one-token lookahead), modules are split into two pieces by the "implementation" |
| 401 | keyword. Global variable prototypes and definitions must occur before the |
| 402 | keyword, and function definitions must occur after it. Function prototypes may |
| 403 | occur either before or after it. In the future, the implementation keyword may |
| 404 | become a noop, if the parser gets smarter.</p> |
| 405 | |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 406 | </div> |
| 407 | |
| 408 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 409 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 410 | <a name="linkage">Linkage Types</a> |
| 411 | </div> |
| 412 | |
| 413 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 414 | |
| 415 | <p> |
| 416 | All Global Variables and Functions have one of the following types of linkage: |
| 417 | </p> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 418 | |
| 419 | <dl> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 420 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 421 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_internal">internal</a></b></tt> </dt> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 422 | |
| 423 | <dd>Global values with internal linkage are only directly accessible by |
| 424 | objects in the current module. In particular, linking code into a module with |
| 425 | an internal global value may cause the internal to be renamed as necessary to |
| 426 | avoid collisions. Because the symbol is internal to the module, all |
| 427 | references can be updated. This corresponds to the notion of the |
| 428 | '<tt>static</tt>' keyword in C, or the idea of "anonymous namespaces" in C++. |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 429 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 430 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 431 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_linkonce">linkonce</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 432 | |
| 433 | <dd>"<tt>linkonce</tt>" linkage is similar to <tt>internal</tt> linkage, with |
| 434 | the twist that linking together two modules defining the same |
| 435 | <tt>linkonce</tt> globals will cause one of the globals to be discarded. This |
| 436 | is typically used to implement inline functions. Unreferenced |
| 437 | <tt>linkonce</tt> globals are allowed to be discarded. |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 438 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 439 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 440 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_weak">weak</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 441 | |
| 442 | <dd>"<tt>weak</tt>" linkage is exactly the same as <tt>linkonce</tt> linkage, |
| 443 | except that unreferenced <tt>weak</tt> globals may not be discarded. This is |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 444 | used to implement constructs in C such as "<tt>i32 X;</tt>" at global scope. |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 445 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 446 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 447 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_appending">appending</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 448 | |
| 449 | <dd>"<tt>appending</tt>" linkage may only be applied to global variables of |
| 450 | pointer to array type. When two global variables with appending linkage are |
| 451 | linked together, the two global arrays are appended together. This is the |
| 452 | LLVM, typesafe, equivalent of having the system linker append together |
| 453 | "sections" with identical names when .o files are linked. |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 454 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 455 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 456 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_external">externally visible</a></b></tt>:</dt> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 457 | |
| 458 | <dd>If none of the above identifiers are used, the global is externally |
| 459 | visible, meaning that it participates in linkage and can be used to resolve |
| 460 | external symbol references. |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 461 | </dd> |
Anton Korobeynikov | b74ed07 | 2006-09-14 18:23:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 462 | |
| 463 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_externweak">extern_weak</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
| 464 | |
| 465 | <dd>"<tt>extern_weak</tt>" TBD |
| 466 | </dd> |
| 467 | |
| 468 | <p> |
| 469 | The next two types of linkage are targeted for Microsoft Windows platform |
| 470 | only. They are designed to support importing (exporting) symbols from (to) |
| 471 | DLLs. |
| 472 | </p> |
| 473 | |
| 474 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_dllimport">dllimport</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
| 475 | |
| 476 | <dd>"<tt>dllimport</tt>" linkage causes the compiler to reference a function |
| 477 | or variable via a global pointer to a pointer that is set up by the DLL |
| 478 | exporting the symbol. On Microsoft Windows targets, the pointer name is |
| 479 | formed by combining <code>_imp__</code> and the function or variable name. |
| 480 | </dd> |
| 481 | |
| 482 | <dt><tt><b><a name="linkage_dllexport">dllexport</a></b></tt>: </dt> |
| 483 | |
| 484 | <dd>"<tt>dllexport</tt>" linkage causes the compiler to provide a global |
| 485 | pointer to a pointer in a DLL, so that it can be referenced with the |
| 486 | <tt>dllimport</tt> attribute. On Microsoft Windows targets, the pointer |
| 487 | name is formed by combining <code>_imp__</code> and the function or variable |
| 488 | name. |
| 489 | </dd> |
| 490 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 491 | </dl> |
| 492 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 493 | <p><a name="linkage_external">For example, since the "<tt>.LC0</tt>" |
| 494 | variable is defined to be internal, if another module defined a "<tt>.LC0</tt>" |
| 495 | variable and was linked with this one, one of the two would be renamed, |
| 496 | preventing a collision. Since "<tt>main</tt>" and "<tt>puts</tt>" are |
| 497 | external (i.e., lacking any linkage declarations), they are accessible |
| 498 | outside of the current module. It is illegal for a function <i>declaration</i> |
| 499 | to have any linkage type other than "externally visible".</a></p> |
Chris Lattner | e5d947b | 2004-12-09 16:36:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 500 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 501 | </div> |
| 502 | |
| 503 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 504 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 505 | <a name="callingconv">Calling Conventions</a> |
| 506 | </div> |
| 507 | |
| 508 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 509 | |
| 510 | <p>LLVM <a href="#functionstructure">functions</a>, <a href="#i_call">calls</a> |
| 511 | and <a href="#i_invoke">invokes</a> can all have an optional calling convention |
| 512 | specified for the call. The calling convention of any pair of dynamic |
| 513 | caller/callee must match, or the behavior of the program is undefined. The |
| 514 | following calling conventions are supported by LLVM, and more may be added in |
| 515 | the future:</p> |
| 516 | |
| 517 | <dl> |
| 518 | <dt><b>"<tt>ccc</tt>" - The C calling convention</b>:</dt> |
| 519 | |
| 520 | <dd>This calling convention (the default if no other calling convention is |
| 521 | specified) matches the target C calling conventions. This calling convention |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 522 | supports varargs function calls and tolerates some mismatch in the declared |
Reid Spencer | 6f85b9d | 2006-12-28 16:55:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 523 | prototype and implemented declaration of the function (as does normal C). For |
| 524 | integer arguments less than 32-bits, the value will be sign-extended to |
| 525 | 32-bits before the call is made. If zero-extension is required, use the |
| 526 | <tt>cextcc</tt> calling convention. |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 527 | </dd> |
| 528 | |
Reid Spencer | 6f85b9d | 2006-12-28 16:55:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 529 | <dt><b>"<tt>cextcc(bitmask)</tt>" - The C with explicit extend calling |
| 530 | convention </b>:</dt> |
| 531 | <dd>This calling convention is exactly like the C calling convention except |
| 532 | that it is parameterized to provide a <tt>bitmask</tt> that indicates how |
| 533 | integer arguments of less than 32-bits should be extended. A zero bit |
| 534 | indicates zero-extension while a 1-bit indicates sign-extension. The least |
| 535 | significant bit always corresponds to the return type of the function. The |
| 536 | bits in the <tt>bitmask</tt> are assigned to the integer parameters of the |
| 537 | function that are smaller than 32-bits. For example, a bitmask of value |
| 538 | 5 (0b0101) indicates that the return value is to be sign extended, the first |
| 539 | small integer argument is to be zero extended and the second small integer |
| 540 | argument is to be sign extended.</dd> |
| 541 | |
| 542 | |
Chris Lattner | 5710ce9 | 2006-05-19 21:15:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 543 | <dt><b>"<tt>csretcc</tt>" - The C struct return calling convention</b>:</dt> |
| 544 | |
| 545 | <dd>This calling convention matches the target C calling conventions, except |
| 546 | that functions with this convention are required to take a pointer as their |
| 547 | first argument, and the return type of the function must be void. This is |
| 548 | used for C functions that return aggregates by-value. In this case, the |
| 549 | function has been transformed to take a pointer to the struct as the first |
| 550 | argument to the function. For targets where the ABI specifies specific |
| 551 | behavior for structure-return calls, the calling convention can be used to |
| 552 | distinguish between struct return functions and other functions that take a |
| 553 | pointer to a struct as the first argument. |
| 554 | </dd> |
| 555 | |
Reid Spencer | 6f85b9d | 2006-12-28 16:55:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 556 | <dt><b>"<tt>csretextcc(bitmask)</tt>" - The C struct return with explicit |
| 557 | extend calling convention</b>:</dt> |
| 558 | <dd>This calling convention is exactly like the <tt>csret</tt> calling |
| 559 | convention except that it is parameterized to provide a <tt>bitmask</tt> |
| 560 | that indicates how integer arguments of less than 32-bits should be extended. |
| 561 | A zero bit indicates zero-extension while a 1-bit indicates sign-extension. |
| 562 | </dd> |
| 563 | |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 564 | <dt><b>"<tt>fastcc</tt>" - The fast calling convention</b>:</dt> |
| 565 | |
| 566 | <dd>This calling convention attempts to make calls as fast as possible |
| 567 | (e.g. by passing things in registers). This calling convention allows the |
| 568 | target to use whatever tricks it wants to produce fast code for the target, |
Chris Lattner | 8cdc5bc | 2005-05-06 23:08:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 569 | without having to conform to an externally specified ABI. Implementations of |
| 570 | this convention should allow arbitrary tail call optimization to be supported. |
| 571 | This calling convention does not support varargs and requires the prototype of |
| 572 | all callees to exactly match the prototype of the function definition. |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 573 | </dd> |
| 574 | |
| 575 | <dt><b>"<tt>coldcc</tt>" - The cold calling convention</b>:</dt> |
| 576 | |
| 577 | <dd>This calling convention attempts to make code in the caller as efficient |
| 578 | as possible under the assumption that the call is not commonly executed. As |
| 579 | such, these calls often preserve all registers so that the call does not break |
| 580 | any live ranges in the caller side. This calling convention does not support |
| 581 | varargs and requires the prototype of all callees to exactly match the |
| 582 | prototype of the function definition. |
| 583 | </dd> |
| 584 | |
Chris Lattner | cfe6b37 | 2005-05-07 01:46:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 585 | <dt><b>"<tt>cc <<em>n</em>></tt>" - Numbered convention</b>:</dt> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 586 | |
| 587 | <dd>Any calling convention may be specified by number, allowing |
| 588 | target-specific calling conventions to be used. Target specific calling |
| 589 | conventions start at 64. |
| 590 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | cfe6b37 | 2005-05-07 01:46:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 591 | </dl> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 592 | |
| 593 | <p>More calling conventions can be added/defined on an as-needed basis, to |
| 594 | support pascal conventions or any other well-known target-independent |
| 595 | convention.</p> |
| 596 | |
| 597 | </div> |
| 598 | |
| 599 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 600 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 601 | <a name="globalvars">Global Variables</a> |
| 602 | </div> |
| 603 | |
| 604 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 605 | |
Chris Lattner | 3689a34 | 2005-02-12 19:30:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 606 | <p>Global variables define regions of memory allocated at compilation time |
Chris Lattner | 88f6c46 | 2005-11-12 00:45:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 607 | instead of run-time. Global variables may optionally be initialized, may have |
| 608 | an explicit section to be placed in, and may |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 609 | have an optional explicit alignment specified. A |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 610 | variable may be defined as a global "constant," which indicates that the |
Chris Lattner | 3689a34 | 2005-02-12 19:30:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 611 | contents of the variable will <b>never</b> be modified (enabling better |
| 612 | optimization, allowing the global data to be placed in the read-only section of |
| 613 | an executable, etc). Note that variables that need runtime initialization |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 614 | cannot be marked "constant" as there is a store to the variable.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 3689a34 | 2005-02-12 19:30:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 615 | |
| 616 | <p> |
| 617 | LLVM explicitly allows <em>declarations</em> of global variables to be marked |
| 618 | constant, even if the final definition of the global is not. This capability |
| 619 | can be used to enable slightly better optimization of the program, but requires |
| 620 | the language definition to guarantee that optimizations based on the |
| 621 | 'constantness' are valid for the translation units that do not include the |
| 622 | definition. |
| 623 | </p> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 624 | |
| 625 | <p>As SSA values, global variables define pointer values that are in |
| 626 | scope (i.e. they dominate) all basic blocks in the program. Global |
| 627 | variables always define a pointer to their "content" type because they |
| 628 | describe a region of memory, and all memory objects in LLVM are |
| 629 | accessed through pointers.</p> |
| 630 | |
Chris Lattner | 88f6c46 | 2005-11-12 00:45:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 631 | <p>LLVM allows an explicit section to be specified for globals. If the target |
| 632 | supports it, it will emit globals to the section specified.</p> |
| 633 | |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 634 | <p>An explicit alignment may be specified for a global. If not present, or if |
| 635 | the alignment is set to zero, the alignment of the global is set by the target |
| 636 | to whatever it feels convenient. If an explicit alignment is specified, the |
| 637 | global is forced to have at least that much alignment. All alignments must be |
| 638 | a power of 2.</p> |
| 639 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 640 | </div> |
| 641 | |
| 642 | |
| 643 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 644 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 645 | <a name="functionstructure">Functions</a> |
| 646 | </div> |
| 647 | |
| 648 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 649 | |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 650 | <p>LLVM function definitions consist of the "<tt>define</tt>" keyord, |
| 651 | an optional <a href="#linkage">linkage type</a>, an optional |
| 652 | <a href="#callingconv">calling convention</a>, a return type, an optional |
| 653 | <a href="#paramattrs">parameter attribute</a> for the return type, a function |
| 654 | name, a (possibly empty) argument list (each with optional |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 655 | <a href="#paramattrs">parameter attributes</a>), an optional section, an |
| 656 | optional alignment, an opening curly brace, a list of basic blocks, and a |
| 657 | closing curly brace. LLVM function declarations |
| 658 | consist of the "<tt>declare</tt>" keyword, an optional <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 659 | href="#callingconv">calling convention</a>, a return type, an optional |
| 660 | <a href="#paramattrs">parameter attribute</a> for the return type, a function |
| 661 | name, a possibly empty list of arguments, and an optional alignment.</p> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 662 | |
| 663 | <p>A function definition contains a list of basic blocks, forming the CFG for |
| 664 | the function. Each basic block may optionally start with a label (giving the |
| 665 | basic block a symbol table entry), contains a list of instructions, and ends |
| 666 | with a <a href="#terminators">terminator</a> instruction (such as a branch or |
| 667 | function return).</p> |
| 668 | |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 669 | <p>The first basic block in a program is special in two ways: it is immediately |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 670 | executed on entrance to the function, and it is not allowed to have predecessor |
| 671 | basic blocks (i.e. there can not be any branches to the entry block of a |
| 672 | function). Because the block can have no predecessors, it also cannot have any |
| 673 | <a href="#i_phi">PHI nodes</a>.</p> |
| 674 | |
| 675 | <p>LLVM functions are identified by their name and type signature. Hence, two |
| 676 | functions with the same name but different parameter lists or return values are |
Chris Lattner | d4f6b17 | 2005-03-07 22:13:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 677 | considered different functions, and LLVM will resolve references to each |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 678 | appropriately.</p> |
| 679 | |
Chris Lattner | 88f6c46 | 2005-11-12 00:45:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 680 | <p>LLVM allows an explicit section to be specified for functions. If the target |
| 681 | supports it, it will emit functions to the section specified.</p> |
| 682 | |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 683 | <p>An explicit alignment may be specified for a function. If not present, or if |
| 684 | the alignment is set to zero, the alignment of the function is set by the target |
| 685 | to whatever it feels convenient. If an explicit alignment is specified, the |
| 686 | function is forced to have at least that much alignment. All alignments must be |
| 687 | a power of 2.</p> |
| 688 | |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 689 | </div> |
| 690 | |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 691 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 692 | <div class="doc_subsection"><a name="paramattrs">Parameter Attributes</a></div> |
| 693 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 694 | <p>The return type and each parameter of a function type may have a set of |
| 695 | <i>parameter attributes</i> associated with them. Parameter attributes are |
| 696 | used to communicate additional information about the result or parameters of |
| 697 | a function. Parameter attributes are considered to be part of the function |
| 698 | type so two functions types that differ only by the parameter attributes |
| 699 | are different function types.</p> |
| 700 | |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 701 | <p>Parameter attributes consist of an at sign (@) followed by either a single |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 702 | keyword or a comma separate list of keywords enclosed in parentheses. For |
| 703 | example:<pre> |
| 704 | %someFunc = i16 @zext (i8 @(sext) %someParam) |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 705 | %someFunc = i16 @zext (i8 @zext %someParam)</pre> |
| 706 | Note that the two function types above are unique because the parameter |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 707 | has a different attribute (@sext in the first one, @zext in the second).</p> |
| 708 | |
| 709 | <p>Currently, only the following parameter attributes are defined: |
| 710 | <dl> |
| 711 | <dt><tt>@zext</tt></dt> |
| 712 | <dd>This indicates that the parameter should be zero extended just before |
| 713 | a call to this function.</dd> |
| 714 | <dt><tt>@sext</tt></dt> |
| 715 | <dd>This indicates that the parameter should be sign extended just before |
| 716 | a call to this function.</dd> |
| 717 | </dl></p> |
| 718 | |
| 719 | <p>The current motivation for parameter attributes is to enable the sign and |
| 720 | zero extend information necessary for the C calling convention to be passed |
| 721 | from the front end to LLVM. The <tt>@zext</tt> and <tt>@sext</tt> attributes |
| 722 | are used by the code generator to perform the required extension. However, |
| 723 | parameter attributes are an orthogonal feature to calling conventions and |
| 724 | may be used for other purposes in the future.</p> |
| 725 | </div> |
| 726 | |
| 727 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 728 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 1eeeb0c | 2006-04-08 04:40:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 729 | <a name="moduleasm">Module-Level Inline Assembly</a> |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 730 | </div> |
| 731 | |
| 732 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 733 | <p> |
| 734 | Modules may contain "module-level inline asm" blocks, which corresponds to the |
| 735 | GCC "file scope inline asm" blocks. These blocks are internally concatenated by |
| 736 | LLVM and treated as a single unit, but may be separated in the .ll file if |
| 737 | desired. The syntax is very simple: |
| 738 | </p> |
| 739 | |
| 740 | <div class="doc_code"><pre> |
Chris Lattner | 52599e1 | 2006-01-24 00:37:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 741 | module asm "inline asm code goes here" |
| 742 | module asm "more can go here" |
Chris Lattner | 4e9aba7 | 2006-01-23 23:23:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 743 | </pre></div> |
| 744 | |
| 745 | <p>The strings can contain any character by escaping non-printable characters. |
| 746 | The escape sequence used is simply "\xx" where "xx" is the two digit hex code |
| 747 | for the number. |
| 748 | </p> |
| 749 | |
| 750 | <p> |
| 751 | The inline asm code is simply printed to the machine code .s file when |
| 752 | assembly code is generated. |
| 753 | </p> |
| 754 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 755 | |
| 756 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 757 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 758 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="typesystem">Type System</a> </div> |
| 759 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 760 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 761 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 762 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 763 | <p>The LLVM type system is one of the most important features of the |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 764 | intermediate representation. Being typed enables a number of |
| 765 | optimizations to be performed on the IR directly, without having to do |
| 766 | extra analyses on the side before the transformation. A strong type |
| 767 | system makes it easier to read the generated code and enables novel |
| 768 | analyses and transformations that are not feasible to perform on normal |
| 769 | three address code representations.</p> |
Chris Lattner | fa73021 | 2004-12-09 16:11:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 770 | |
| 771 | </div> |
| 772 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 773 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 774 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="t_primitive">Primitive Types</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 775 | <div class="doc_text"> |
John Criswell | 4457dc9 | 2004-04-09 16:48:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 776 | <p>The primitive types are the fundamental building blocks of the LLVM |
Chris Lattner | d4f6b17 | 2005-03-07 22:13:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 777 | system. The current set of primitive types is as follows:</p> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 778 | |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 779 | <table class="layout"> |
| 780 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 781 | <td class="left"> |
| 782 | <table> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 783 | <tbody> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 784 | <tr><th>Type</th><th>Description</th></tr> |
| 785 | <tr><td><tt>void</tt></td><td>No value</td></tr> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 786 | <tr><td><tt>i8</tt></td><td>Signless 8-bit value</td></tr> |
| 787 | <tr><td><tt>i32</tt></td><td>Signless 32-bit value</td></tr> |
Misha Brukman | cfa87bc | 2005-04-22 18:02:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 788 | <tr><td><tt>float</tt></td><td>32-bit floating point value</td></tr> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 789 | <tr><td><tt>label</tt></td><td>Branch destination</td></tr> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 790 | </tbody> |
| 791 | </table> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 792 | </td> |
| 793 | <td class="right"> |
| 794 | <table> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 795 | <tbody> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 796 | <tr><th>Type</th><th>Description</th></tr> |
| 797 | <tr><td><tt>bool</tt></td><td>True or False value</td></tr> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 798 | <tr><td><tt>i16</tt></td><td>Signless 16-bit value</td></tr> |
| 799 | <tr><td><tt>i64</tt></td><td>Signless 64-bit value</td></tr> |
| 800 | <tr><td><tt>double</tt></td><td>64-bit floating point value</td></tr> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 801 | </tbody> |
| 802 | </table> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 803 | </td> |
| 804 | </tr> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 805 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 806 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 807 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 808 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 809 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_classifications">Type |
| 810 | Classifications</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 811 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 812 | <p>These different primitive types fall into a few useful |
| 813 | classifications:</p> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 814 | |
| 815 | <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 816 | <tbody> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 817 | <tr><th>Classification</th><th>Types</th></tr> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 818 | <tr> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 819 | <td><a name="t_integer">integer</a></td> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 820 | <td><tt>i8, i16, i32, i64</tt></td> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 821 | </tr> |
| 822 | <tr> |
| 823 | <td><a name="t_integral">integral</a></td> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 824 | <td><tt>bool, i8, i16, i32, i64</tt> |
Misha Brukman | c24b758 | 2004-08-12 20:16:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 825 | </td> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 826 | </tr> |
| 827 | <tr> |
| 828 | <td><a name="t_floating">floating point</a></td> |
| 829 | <td><tt>float, double</tt></td> |
| 830 | </tr> |
| 831 | <tr> |
| 832 | <td><a name="t_firstclass">first class</a></td> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 833 | <td><tt>bool, i8, i16, i32, i64, float, double, <br/> |
| 834 | <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a>,<a href="#t_packed">packed</a></tt> |
| 835 | </td> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 836 | </tr> |
| 837 | </tbody> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 838 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 839 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 840 | <p>The <a href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> types are perhaps the |
| 841 | most important. Values of these types are the only ones which can be |
| 842 | produced by instructions, passed as arguments, or used as operands to |
| 843 | instructions. This means that all structures and arrays must be |
| 844 | manipulated either by pointer or by component.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 845 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 846 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 847 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 848 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="t_derived">Derived Types</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 849 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 850 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 851 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 852 | <p>The real power in LLVM comes from the derived types in the system. |
| 853 | This is what allows a programmer to represent arrays, functions, |
| 854 | pointers, and other useful types. Note that these derived types may be |
| 855 | recursive: For example, it is possible to have a two dimensional array.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 856 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 857 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 858 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 859 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 860 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_array">Array Type</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 861 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 862 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 863 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 864 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 865 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 866 | <p>The array type is a very simple derived type that arranges elements |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 867 | sequentially in memory. The array type requires a size (number of |
| 868 | elements) and an underlying data type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 869 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 870 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 871 | |
| 872 | <pre> |
| 873 | [<# elements> x <elementtype>] |
| 874 | </pre> |
| 875 | |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 876 | <p>The number of elements is a constant integer value; elementtype may |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 877 | be any type with a size.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 878 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 879 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 880 | <table class="layout"> |
| 881 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 882 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 883 | <tt>[40 x i32 ]</tt><br/> |
| 884 | <tt>[41 x i32 ]</tt><br/> |
| 885 | <tt>[40 x i32]</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 886 | </td> |
| 887 | <td class="left"> |
| 888 | Array of 40 integer values.<br/> |
| 889 | Array of 41 integer values.<br/> |
| 890 | Array of 40 unsigned integer values.<br/> |
| 891 | </td> |
| 892 | </tr> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 893 | </table> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 894 | <p>Here are some examples of multidimensional arrays:</p> |
| 895 | <table class="layout"> |
| 896 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 897 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 898 | <tt>[3 x [4 x i32]]</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 899 | <tt>[12 x [10 x float]]</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 900 | <tt>[2 x [3 x [4 x i32]]]</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 901 | </td> |
| 902 | <td class="left"> |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 903 | 3x4 array of integer values.<br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 904 | 12x10 array of single precision floating point values.<br/> |
| 905 | 2x3x4 array of unsigned integer values.<br/> |
| 906 | </td> |
| 907 | </tr> |
| 908 | </table> |
Chris Lattner | e67a951 | 2005-06-24 17:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 909 | |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 910 | <p>Note that 'variable sized arrays' can be implemented in LLVM with a zero |
| 911 | length array. Normally, accesses past the end of an array are undefined in |
Chris Lattner | e67a951 | 2005-06-24 17:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 912 | LLVM (e.g. it is illegal to access the 5th element of a 3 element array). |
| 913 | As a special case, however, zero length arrays are recognized to be variable |
| 914 | length. This allows implementation of 'pascal style arrays' with the LLVM |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 915 | type "{ i32, [0 x float]}", for example.</p> |
Chris Lattner | e67a951 | 2005-06-24 17:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 916 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 917 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 918 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 919 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 920 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_function">Function Type</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 921 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 922 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 923 | <p>The function type can be thought of as a function signature. It |
| 924 | consists of a return type and a list of formal parameter types. |
John Criswell | 009900b | 2003-11-25 21:45:46 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 925 | Function types are usually used to build virtual function tables |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 926 | (which are structures of pointers to functions), for indirect function |
| 927 | calls, and when defining a function.</p> |
John Criswell | 009900b | 2003-11-25 21:45:46 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 928 | <p> |
| 929 | The return type of a function type cannot be an aggregate type. |
| 930 | </p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 931 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 932 | <pre> <returntype> (<parameter list>)<br></pre> |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 933 | <p>...where '<tt><parameter list></tt>' is a comma-separated list of type |
Misha Brukman | c24b758 | 2004-08-12 20:16:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 934 | specifiers. Optionally, the parameter list may include a type <tt>...</tt>, |
Chris Lattner | 27f71f2 | 2003-09-03 00:41:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 935 | which indicates that the function takes a variable number of arguments. |
| 936 | Variable argument functions can access their arguments with the <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 937 | href="#int_varargs">variable argument handling intrinsic</a> functions.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 938 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 939 | <table class="layout"> |
| 940 | <tr class="layout"> |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 941 | <td class="left"><tt>i32 (i32)</tt></td> |
| 942 | <td class="left">function taking an <tt>i32</tt>, returning an <tt>i32</tt> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 943 | </td> |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 944 | </tr><tr class="layout"> |
Reid Spencer | f17a0b7 | 2006-12-31 07:20:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 945 | <td class="left"><tt>float (i16 @sext, i32 *) * |
| 946 | </tt></td> |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 947 | <td class="left"><a href="#t_pointer">Pointer</a> to a function that takes |
| 948 | an <tt>i16</tt> that should be sign extended and a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 949 | <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to <tt>i32</tt>, returning |
Reid Spencer | 92f8230 | 2006-12-31 07:18:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 950 | <tt>float</tt>. |
| 951 | </td> |
| 952 | </tr><tr class="layout"> |
| 953 | <td class="left"><tt>i32 (i8*, ...)</tt></td> |
| 954 | <td class="left">A vararg function that takes at least one |
| 955 | <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to <tt>i8 </tt> (signed char in C), |
| 956 | which returns an integer. This is the signature for <tt>printf</tt> in |
| 957 | LLVM. |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 958 | </td> |
| 959 | </tr> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 960 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 961 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 962 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 963 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 964 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_struct">Structure Type</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 965 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 966 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 967 | <p>The structure type is used to represent a collection of data members |
| 968 | together in memory. The packing of the field types is defined to match |
| 969 | the ABI of the underlying processor. The elements of a structure may |
| 970 | be any type that has a size.</p> |
| 971 | <p>Structures are accessed using '<tt><a href="#i_load">load</a></tt> |
| 972 | and '<tt><a href="#i_store">store</a></tt>' by getting a pointer to a |
| 973 | field with the '<tt><a href="#i_getelementptr">getelementptr</a></tt>' |
| 974 | instruction.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 975 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 976 | <pre> { <type list> }<br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 977 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 978 | <table class="layout"> |
| 979 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 980 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 981 | <tt>{ i32, i32, i32 }</tt><br/> |
| 982 | <tt>{ float, i32 (i32) * }</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 983 | </td> |
| 984 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 985 | a triple of three <tt>i32</tt> values<br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 986 | A pair, where the first element is a <tt>float</tt> and the second element |
| 987 | is a <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to a <a href="#t_function">function</a> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 988 | that takes an <tt>i32</tt>, returning an <tt>i32</tt>.<br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 989 | </td> |
| 990 | </tr> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 991 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 992 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 993 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 994 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Andrew Lenharth | 75e1068 | 2006-12-08 17:13:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 995 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_pstruct">Packed Structure Type</a> |
| 996 | </div> |
| 997 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 998 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 999 | <p>The packed structure type is used to represent a collection of data members |
| 1000 | together in memory. There is no padding between fields. Further, the alignment |
| 1001 | of a packed structure is 1 byte. The elements of a packed structure may |
| 1002 | be any type that has a size.</p> |
| 1003 | <p>Structures are accessed using '<tt><a href="#i_load">load</a></tt> |
| 1004 | and '<tt><a href="#i_store">store</a></tt>' by getting a pointer to a |
| 1005 | field with the '<tt><a href="#i_getelementptr">getelementptr</a></tt>' |
| 1006 | instruction.</p> |
| 1007 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1008 | <pre> < { <type list> } > <br></pre> |
| 1009 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
| 1010 | <table class="layout"> |
| 1011 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 1012 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1013 | <tt> < { i32, i32, i32 } > </tt><br/> |
| 1014 | <tt> < { float, i32 (i32) * } > </tt><br/> |
Andrew Lenharth | 75e1068 | 2006-12-08 17:13:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1015 | </td> |
| 1016 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1017 | a triple of three <tt>i32</tt> values<br/> |
Andrew Lenharth | 75e1068 | 2006-12-08 17:13:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1018 | A pair, where the first element is a <tt>float</tt> and the second element |
| 1019 | is a <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to a <a href="#t_function">function</a> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1020 | that takes an <tt>i32</tt>, returning an <tt>i32</tt>.<br/> |
Andrew Lenharth | 75e1068 | 2006-12-08 17:13:00 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1021 | </td> |
| 1022 | </tr> |
| 1023 | </table> |
| 1024 | </div> |
| 1025 | |
| 1026 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1027 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_pointer">Pointer Type</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1028 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1029 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1030 | <p>As in many languages, the pointer type represents a pointer or |
| 1031 | reference to another object, which must live in memory.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1032 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1033 | <pre> <type> *<br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1034 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1035 | <table class="layout"> |
| 1036 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 1037 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1038 | <tt>[4x i32]*</tt><br/> |
| 1039 | <tt>i32 (i32 *) *</tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1040 | </td> |
| 1041 | <td class="left"> |
| 1042 | A <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to <a href="#t_array">array</a> of |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1043 | four <tt>i32</tt> values<br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1044 | A <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> to a <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1045 | href="#t_function">function</a> that takes an <tt>i32*</tt>, returning an |
| 1046 | <tt>i32</tt>.<br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1047 | </td> |
| 1048 | </tr> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1049 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1050 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1051 | |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1052 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1053 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_packed">Packed Type</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1054 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1055 | |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1056 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1057 | |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1058 | <p>A packed type is a simple derived type that represents a vector |
| 1059 | of elements. Packed types are used when multiple primitive data |
| 1060 | are operated in parallel using a single instruction (SIMD). |
| 1061 | A packed type requires a size (number of |
Chris Lattner | b8d172f | 2005-11-10 01:44:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1062 | elements) and an underlying primitive data type. Vectors must have a power |
| 1063 | of two length (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ...). Packed types are |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1064 | considered <a href="#t_firstclass">first class</a>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1065 | |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1066 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1067 | |
| 1068 | <pre> |
| 1069 | < <# elements> x <elementtype> > |
| 1070 | </pre> |
| 1071 | |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1072 | <p>The number of elements is a constant integer value; elementtype may |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1073 | be any integral or floating point type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1074 | |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1075 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1076 | |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1077 | <table class="layout"> |
| 1078 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 1079 | <td class="left"> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1080 | <tt><4 x i32></tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1081 | <tt><8 x float></tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1082 | <tt><2 x i32></tt><br/> |
Reid Spencer | d3f876c | 2004-11-01 08:19:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1083 | </td> |
| 1084 | <td class="left"> |
| 1085 | Packed vector of 4 integer values.<br/> |
| 1086 | Packed vector of 8 floating-point values.<br/> |
| 1087 | Packed vector of 2 unsigned integer values.<br/> |
| 1088 | </td> |
| 1089 | </tr> |
| 1090 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1091 | </div> |
| 1092 | |
Chris Lattner | 69c11bb | 2005-04-25 17:34:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1093 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1094 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="t_opaque">Opaque Type</a> </div> |
| 1095 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1096 | |
| 1097 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1098 | |
| 1099 | <p>Opaque types are used to represent unknown types in the system. This |
| 1100 | corresponds (for example) to the C notion of a foward declared structure type. |
| 1101 | In LLVM, opaque types can eventually be resolved to any type (not just a |
| 1102 | structure type).</p> |
| 1103 | |
| 1104 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1105 | |
| 1106 | <pre> |
| 1107 | opaque |
| 1108 | </pre> |
| 1109 | |
| 1110 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
| 1111 | |
| 1112 | <table class="layout"> |
| 1113 | <tr class="layout"> |
| 1114 | <td class="left"> |
| 1115 | <tt>opaque</tt> |
| 1116 | </td> |
| 1117 | <td class="left"> |
| 1118 | An opaque type.<br/> |
| 1119 | </td> |
| 1120 | </tr> |
| 1121 | </table> |
| 1122 | </div> |
| 1123 | |
| 1124 | |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1125 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
| 1126 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="constants">Constants</a> </div> |
| 1127 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
| 1128 | |
| 1129 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1130 | |
| 1131 | <p>LLVM has several different basic types of constants. This section describes |
| 1132 | them all and their syntax.</p> |
| 1133 | |
| 1134 | </div> |
| 1135 | |
| 1136 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Reid Spencer | cc16dc3 | 2004-12-09 18:02:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1137 | <div class="doc_subsection"><a name="simpleconstants">Simple Constants</a></div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1138 | |
| 1139 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1140 | |
| 1141 | <dl> |
| 1142 | <dt><b>Boolean constants</b></dt> |
| 1143 | |
| 1144 | <dd>The two strings '<tt>true</tt>' and '<tt>false</tt>' are both valid |
| 1145 | constants of the <tt><a href="#t_primitive">bool</a></tt> type. |
| 1146 | </dd> |
| 1147 | |
| 1148 | <dt><b>Integer constants</b></dt> |
| 1149 | |
Reid Spencer | cc16dc3 | 2004-12-09 18:02:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1150 | <dd>Standard integers (such as '4') are constants of the <a |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1151 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> type. Negative numbers may be used with signed |
| 1152 | integer types. |
| 1153 | </dd> |
| 1154 | |
| 1155 | <dt><b>Floating point constants</b></dt> |
| 1156 | |
| 1157 | <dd>Floating point constants use standard decimal notation (e.g. 123.421), |
| 1158 | exponential notation (e.g. 1.23421e+2), or a more precise hexadecimal |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1159 | notation (see below). Floating point constants must have a <a |
| 1160 | href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type. </dd> |
| 1161 | |
| 1162 | <dt><b>Null pointer constants</b></dt> |
| 1163 | |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1164 | <dd>The identifier '<tt>null</tt>' is recognized as a null pointer constant |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1165 | and must be of <a href="#t_pointer">pointer type</a>.</dd> |
| 1166 | |
| 1167 | </dl> |
| 1168 | |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1169 | <p>The one non-intuitive notation for constants is the optional hexadecimal form |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1170 | of floating point constants. For example, the form '<tt>double |
| 1171 | 0x432ff973cafa8000</tt>' is equivalent to (but harder to read than) '<tt>double |
| 1172 | 4.5e+15</tt>'. The only time hexadecimal floating point constants are required |
Reid Spencer | cc16dc3 | 2004-12-09 18:02:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1173 | (and the only time that they are generated by the disassembler) is when a |
| 1174 | floating point constant must be emitted but it cannot be represented as a |
| 1175 | decimal floating point number. For example, NaN's, infinities, and other |
| 1176 | special values are represented in their IEEE hexadecimal format so that |
| 1177 | assembly and disassembly do not cause any bits to change in the constants.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1178 | |
| 1179 | </div> |
| 1180 | |
| 1181 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 1182 | <div class="doc_subsection"><a name="aggregateconstants">Aggregate Constants</a> |
| 1183 | </div> |
| 1184 | |
| 1185 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d4f6b17 | 2005-03-07 22:13:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1186 | <p>Aggregate constants arise from aggregation of simple constants |
| 1187 | and smaller aggregate constants.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1188 | |
| 1189 | <dl> |
| 1190 | <dt><b>Structure constants</b></dt> |
| 1191 | |
| 1192 | <dd>Structure constants are represented with notation similar to structure |
| 1193 | type definitions (a comma separated list of elements, surrounded by braces |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1194 | (<tt>{}</tt>)). For example: "<tt>{ i32 4, float 17.0, i32* %G }</tt>", |
| 1195 | where "<tt>%G</tt>" is declared as "<tt>%G = external global i32</tt>". Structure constants |
Chris Lattner | d4f6b17 | 2005-03-07 22:13:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1196 | must have <a href="#t_struct">structure type</a>, and the number and |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1197 | types of elements must match those specified by the type. |
| 1198 | </dd> |
| 1199 | |
| 1200 | <dt><b>Array constants</b></dt> |
| 1201 | |
| 1202 | <dd>Array constants are represented with notation similar to array type |
| 1203 | definitions (a comma separated list of elements, surrounded by square brackets |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1204 | (<tt>[]</tt>)). For example: "<tt>[ i32 42, i32 11, i32 74 ]</tt>". Array |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1205 | constants must have <a href="#t_array">array type</a>, and the number and |
| 1206 | types of elements must match those specified by the type. |
| 1207 | </dd> |
| 1208 | |
| 1209 | <dt><b>Packed constants</b></dt> |
| 1210 | |
| 1211 | <dd>Packed constants are represented with notation similar to packed type |
| 1212 | definitions (a comma separated list of elements, surrounded by |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1213 | less-than/greater-than's (<tt><></tt>)). For example: "<tt>< i32 42, |
| 1214 | i32 11, i32 74, i32 100 ></tt>". Packed constants must have <a |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1215 | href="#t_packed">packed type</a>, and the number and types of elements must |
| 1216 | match those specified by the type. |
| 1217 | </dd> |
| 1218 | |
| 1219 | <dt><b>Zero initialization</b></dt> |
| 1220 | |
| 1221 | <dd>The string '<tt>zeroinitializer</tt>' can be used to zero initialize a |
| 1222 | value to zero of <em>any</em> type, including scalar and aggregate types. |
| 1223 | This is often used to avoid having to print large zero initializers (e.g. for |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1224 | large arrays) and is always exactly equivalent to using explicit zero |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1225 | initializers. |
| 1226 | </dd> |
| 1227 | </dl> |
| 1228 | |
| 1229 | </div> |
| 1230 | |
| 1231 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 1232 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 1233 | <a name="globalconstants">Global Variable and Function Addresses</a> |
| 1234 | </div> |
| 1235 | |
| 1236 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1237 | |
| 1238 | <p>The addresses of <a href="#globalvars">global variables</a> and <a |
| 1239 | href="#functionstructure">functions</a> are always implicitly valid (link-time) |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1240 | constants. These constants are explicitly referenced when the <a |
| 1241 | href="#identifiers">identifier for the global</a> is used and always have <a |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1242 | href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> type. For example, the following is a legal LLVM |
| 1243 | file:</p> |
| 1244 | |
| 1245 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1246 | %X = global i32 17 |
| 1247 | %Y = global i32 42 |
| 1248 | %Z = global [2 x i32*] [ i32* %X, i32* %Y ] |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1249 | </pre> |
| 1250 | |
| 1251 | </div> |
| 1252 | |
| 1253 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Reid Spencer | 2dc45b8 | 2004-12-09 18:13:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1254 | <div class="doc_subsection"><a name="undefvalues">Undefined Values</a></div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1255 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Reid Spencer | 2dc45b8 | 2004-12-09 18:13:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1256 | <p>The string '<tt>undef</tt>' is recognized as a type-less constant that has |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1257 | no specific value. Undefined values may be of any type and be used anywhere |
Reid Spencer | 2dc45b8 | 2004-12-09 18:13:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1258 | a constant is permitted.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1259 | |
Reid Spencer | 2dc45b8 | 2004-12-09 18:13:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1260 | <p>Undefined values indicate to the compiler that the program is well defined |
| 1261 | no matter what value is used, giving the compiler more freedom to optimize. |
| 1262 | </p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1263 | </div> |
| 1264 | |
| 1265 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 1266 | <div class="doc_subsection"><a name="constantexprs">Constant Expressions</a> |
| 1267 | </div> |
| 1268 | |
| 1269 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1270 | |
| 1271 | <p>Constant expressions are used to allow expressions involving other constants |
| 1272 | to be used as constants. Constant expressions may be of any <a |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1273 | href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> type and may involve any LLVM operation |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1274 | that does not have side effects (e.g. load and call are not supported). The |
| 1275 | following is the syntax for constant expressions:</p> |
| 1276 | |
| 1277 | <dl> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1278 | <dt><b><tt>trunc ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1279 | <dd>Truncate a constant to another type. The bit size of CST must be larger |
| 1280 | than the bit size of TYPE. Both types must be integral.</dd> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1281 | |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1282 | <dt><b><tt>zext ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1283 | <dd>Zero extend a constant to another type. The bit size of CST must be |
| 1284 | smaller or equal to the bit size of TYPE. Both types must be integral.</dd> |
| 1285 | |
| 1286 | <dt><b><tt>sext ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1287 | <dd>Sign extend a constant to another type. The bit size of CST must be |
| 1288 | smaller or equal to the bit size of TYPE. Both types must be integral.</dd> |
| 1289 | |
| 1290 | <dt><b><tt>fptrunc ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1291 | <dd>Truncate a floating point constant to another floating point type. The |
| 1292 | size of CST must be larger than the size of TYPE. Both types must be |
| 1293 | floating point.</dd> |
| 1294 | |
| 1295 | <dt><b><tt>fpext ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1296 | <dd>Floating point extend a constant to another type. The size of CST must be |
| 1297 | smaller or equal to the size of TYPE. Both types must be floating point.</dd> |
| 1298 | |
| 1299 | <dt><b><tt>fp2uint ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1300 | <dd>Convert a floating point constant to the corresponding unsigned integer |
| 1301 | constant. TYPE must be an integer type. CST must be floating point. If the |
| 1302 | value won't fit in the integer type, the results are undefined.</dd> |
| 1303 | |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1304 | <dt><b><tt>fptosi ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1305 | <dd>Convert a floating point constant to the corresponding signed integer |
| 1306 | constant. TYPE must be an integer type. CST must be floating point. If the |
| 1307 | value won't fit in the integer type, the results are undefined.</dd> |
| 1308 | |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1309 | <dt><b><tt>uitofp ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1310 | <dd>Convert an unsigned integer constant to the corresponding floating point |
| 1311 | constant. TYPE must be floating point. CST must be of integer type. If the |
| 1312 | value won't fit in the floating point type, the results are undefined.</dd> |
| 1313 | |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1314 | <dt><b><tt>sitofp ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1315 | <dd>Convert a signed integer constant to the corresponding floating point |
| 1316 | constant. TYPE must be floating point. CST must be of integer type. If the |
| 1317 | value won't fit in the floating point type, the results are undefined.</dd> |
| 1318 | |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1319 | <dt><b><tt>ptrtoint ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1320 | <dd>Convert a pointer typed constant to the corresponding integer constant |
| 1321 | TYPE must be an integer type. CST must be of pointer type. The CST value is |
| 1322 | zero extended, truncated, or unchanged to make it fit in TYPE.</dd> |
| 1323 | |
| 1324 | <dt><b><tt>inttoptr ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1325 | <dd>Convert a integer constant to a pointer constant. TYPE must be a |
| 1326 | pointer type. CST must be of integer type. The CST value is zero extended, |
| 1327 | truncated, or unchanged to make it fit in a pointer size. This one is |
| 1328 | <i>really</i> dangerous!</dd> |
| 1329 | |
| 1330 | <dt><b><tt>bitcast ( CST to TYPE )</tt></b></dt> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1331 | <dd>Convert a constant, CST, to another TYPE. The size of CST and TYPE must be |
| 1332 | identical (same number of bits). The conversion is done as if the CST value |
| 1333 | was stored to memory and read back as TYPE. In other words, no bits change |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1334 | with this operator, just the type. This can be used for conversion of |
| 1335 | packed types to any other type, as long as they have the same bit width. For |
| 1336 | pointers it is only valid to cast to another pointer type. |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1337 | </dd> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1338 | |
| 1339 | <dt><b><tt>getelementptr ( CSTPTR, IDX0, IDX1, ... )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1340 | |
| 1341 | <dd>Perform the <a href="#i_getelementptr">getelementptr operation</a> on |
| 1342 | constants. As with the <a href="#i_getelementptr">getelementptr</a> |
| 1343 | instruction, the index list may have zero or more indexes, which are required |
| 1344 | to make sense for the type of "CSTPTR".</dd> |
| 1345 | |
Robert Bocchino | 9fbe145 | 2006-01-10 19:31:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1346 | <dt><b><tt>select ( COND, VAL1, VAL2 )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1347 | |
| 1348 | <dd>Perform the <a href="#i_select">select operation</a> on |
Reid Spencer | 01c4259 | 2006-12-04 19:23:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1349 | constants.</dd> |
| 1350 | |
| 1351 | <dt><b><tt>icmp COND ( VAL1, VAL2 )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1352 | <dd>Performs the <a href="#i_icmp">icmp operation</a> on constants.</dd> |
| 1353 | |
| 1354 | <dt><b><tt>fcmp COND ( VAL1, VAL2 )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1355 | <dd>Performs the <a href="#i_fcmp">fcmp operation</a> on constants.</dd> |
Robert Bocchino | 9fbe145 | 2006-01-10 19:31:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1356 | |
| 1357 | <dt><b><tt>extractelement ( VAL, IDX )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1358 | |
| 1359 | <dd>Perform the <a href="#i_extractelement">extractelement |
| 1360 | operation</a> on constants. |
| 1361 | |
Robert Bocchino | 05ccd70 | 2006-01-15 20:48:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1362 | <dt><b><tt>insertelement ( VAL, ELT, IDX )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1363 | |
| 1364 | <dd>Perform the <a href="#i_insertelement">insertelement |
Reid Spencer | 01c4259 | 2006-12-04 19:23:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1365 | operation</a> on constants.</dd> |
Robert Bocchino | 05ccd70 | 2006-01-15 20:48:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1366 | |
Chris Lattner | c198954 | 2006-04-08 00:13:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1367 | |
| 1368 | <dt><b><tt>shufflevector ( VEC1, VEC2, IDXMASK )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1369 | |
| 1370 | <dd>Perform the <a href="#i_shufflevector">shufflevector |
Reid Spencer | 01c4259 | 2006-12-04 19:23:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1371 | operation</a> on constants.</dd> |
Chris Lattner | c198954 | 2006-04-08 00:13:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1372 | |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1373 | <dt><b><tt>OPCODE ( LHS, RHS )</tt></b></dt> |
| 1374 | |
Reid Spencer | 2dc45b8 | 2004-12-09 18:13:12 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1375 | <dd>Perform the specified operation of the LHS and RHS constants. OPCODE may |
| 1376 | be any of the <a href="#binaryops">binary</a> or <a href="#bitwiseops">bitwise |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1377 | binary</a> operations. The constraints on operands are the same as those for |
| 1378 | the corresponding instruction (e.g. no bitwise operations on floating point |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1379 | values are allowed).</dd> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1380 | </dl> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1381 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 9ee5d22 | 2004-03-08 16:49:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1382 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1383 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | e87d653 | 2006-01-25 23:47:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1384 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="othervalues">Other Values</a> </div> |
| 1385 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
| 1386 | |
| 1387 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 1388 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 1389 | <a name="inlineasm">Inline Assembler Expressions</a> |
| 1390 | </div> |
| 1391 | |
| 1392 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1393 | |
| 1394 | <p> |
| 1395 | LLVM supports inline assembler expressions (as opposed to <a href="#moduleasm"> |
| 1396 | Module-Level Inline Assembly</a>) through the use of a special value. This |
| 1397 | value represents the inline assembler as a string (containing the instructions |
| 1398 | to emit), a list of operand constraints (stored as a string), and a flag that |
| 1399 | indicates whether or not the inline asm expression has side effects. An example |
| 1400 | inline assembler expression is: |
| 1401 | </p> |
| 1402 | |
| 1403 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1404 | i32 (i32) asm "bswap $0", "=r,r" |
Chris Lattner | e87d653 | 2006-01-25 23:47:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1405 | </pre> |
| 1406 | |
| 1407 | <p> |
| 1408 | Inline assembler expressions may <b>only</b> be used as the callee operand of |
| 1409 | a <a href="#i_call"><tt>call</tt> instruction</a>. Thus, typically we have: |
| 1410 | </p> |
| 1411 | |
| 1412 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1413 | %X = call i32 asm "<a href="#i_bswap">bswap</a> $0", "=r,r"(i32 %Y) |
Chris Lattner | e87d653 | 2006-01-25 23:47:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1414 | </pre> |
| 1415 | |
| 1416 | <p> |
| 1417 | Inline asms with side effects not visible in the constraint list must be marked |
| 1418 | as having side effects. This is done through the use of the |
| 1419 | '<tt>sideeffect</tt>' keyword, like so: |
| 1420 | </p> |
| 1421 | |
| 1422 | <pre> |
| 1423 | call void asm sideeffect "eieio", ""() |
| 1424 | </pre> |
| 1425 | |
| 1426 | <p>TODO: The format of the asm and constraints string still need to be |
| 1427 | documented here. Constraints on what can be done (e.g. duplication, moving, etc |
| 1428 | need to be documented). |
| 1429 | </p> |
| 1430 | |
| 1431 | </div> |
| 1432 | |
| 1433 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1434 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="instref">Instruction Reference</a> </div> |
| 1435 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1436 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1437 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1438 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1439 | <p>The LLVM instruction set consists of several different |
| 1440 | classifications of instructions: <a href="#terminators">terminator |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1441 | instructions</a>, <a href="#binaryops">binary instructions</a>, |
| 1442 | <a href="#bitwiseops">bitwise binary instructions</a>, <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1443 | href="#memoryops">memory instructions</a>, and <a href="#otherops">other |
| 1444 | instructions</a>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1445 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1446 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1447 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1448 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1449 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="terminators">Terminator |
| 1450 | Instructions</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1451 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1452 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1453 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1454 | <p>As mentioned <a href="#functionstructure">previously</a>, every |
| 1455 | basic block in a program ends with a "Terminator" instruction, which |
| 1456 | indicates which block should be executed after the current block is |
| 1457 | finished. These terminator instructions typically yield a '<tt>void</tt>' |
| 1458 | value: they produce control flow, not values (the one exception being |
| 1459 | the '<a href="#i_invoke"><tt>invoke</tt></a>' instruction).</p> |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1460 | <p>There are six different terminator instructions: the '<a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1461 | href="#i_ret"><tt>ret</tt></a>' instruction, the '<a href="#i_br"><tt>br</tt></a>' |
| 1462 | instruction, the '<a href="#i_switch"><tt>switch</tt></a>' instruction, |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1463 | the '<a href="#i_invoke"><tt>invoke</tt></a>' instruction, the '<a |
| 1464 | href="#i_unwind"><tt>unwind</tt></a>' instruction, and the '<a |
| 1465 | href="#i_unreachable"><tt>unreachable</tt></a>' instruction.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1466 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1467 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | c3f5976 | 2004-12-09 17:30:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1468 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1469 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1470 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_ret">'<tt>ret</tt>' |
| 1471 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1472 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1473 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1474 | <pre> ret <type> <value> <i>; Return a value from a non-void function</i> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1475 | ret void <i>; Return from void function</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1476 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1477 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1478 | <p>The '<tt>ret</tt>' instruction is used to return control flow (and a |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1479 | value) from a function back to the caller.</p> |
John Criswell | 4457dc9 | 2004-04-09 16:48:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1480 | <p>There are two forms of the '<tt>ret</tt>' instruction: one that |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1481 | returns a value and then causes control flow, and one that just causes |
| 1482 | control flow to occur.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1483 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1484 | <p>The '<tt>ret</tt>' instruction may return any '<a |
| 1485 | href="#t_firstclass">first class</a>' type. Notice that a function is |
| 1486 | not <a href="#wellformed">well formed</a> if there exists a '<tt>ret</tt>' |
| 1487 | instruction inside of the function that returns a value that does not |
| 1488 | match the return type of the function.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1489 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1490 | <p>When the '<tt>ret</tt>' instruction is executed, control flow |
| 1491 | returns back to the calling function's context. If the caller is a "<a |
John Criswell | fa08187 | 2004-06-25 15:16:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1492 | href="#i_call"><tt>call</tt></a>" instruction, execution continues at |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1493 | the instruction after the call. If the caller was an "<a |
| 1494 | href="#i_invoke"><tt>invoke</tt></a>" instruction, execution continues |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1495 | at the beginning of the "normal" destination block. If the instruction |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1496 | returns a value, that value shall set the call or invoke instruction's |
| 1497 | return value.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1498 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1499 | <pre> ret i32 5 <i>; Return an integer value of 5</i> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1500 | ret void <i>; Return from a void function</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1501 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1502 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1503 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1504 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_br">'<tt>br</tt>' Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1505 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1506 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1507 | <pre> br bool <cond>, label <iftrue>, label <iffalse><br> br label <dest> <i>; Unconditional branch</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1508 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1509 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1510 | <p>The '<tt>br</tt>' instruction is used to cause control flow to |
| 1511 | transfer to a different basic block in the current function. There are |
| 1512 | two forms of this instruction, corresponding to a conditional branch |
| 1513 | and an unconditional branch.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1514 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1515 | <p>The conditional branch form of the '<tt>br</tt>' instruction takes a |
| 1516 | single '<tt>bool</tt>' value and two '<tt>label</tt>' values. The |
| 1517 | unconditional form of the '<tt>br</tt>' instruction takes a single '<tt>label</tt>' |
| 1518 | value as a target.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1519 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1520 | <p>Upon execution of a conditional '<tt>br</tt>' instruction, the '<tt>bool</tt>' |
| 1521 | argument is evaluated. If the value is <tt>true</tt>, control flows |
| 1522 | to the '<tt>iftrue</tt>' <tt>label</tt> argument. If "cond" is <tt>false</tt>, |
| 1523 | control flows to the '<tt>iffalse</tt>' <tt>label</tt> argument.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1524 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1525 | <pre>Test:<br> %cond = <a href="#i_icmp">icmp</a> eq, i32 %a, %b<br> br bool %cond, label %IfEqual, label %IfUnequal<br>IfEqual:<br> <a |
| 1526 | href="#i_ret">ret</a> i32 1<br>IfUnequal:<br> <a href="#i_ret">ret</a> i32 0<br></pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1527 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1528 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1529 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 1530 | <a name="i_switch">'<tt>switch</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 1531 | </div> |
| 1532 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1533 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1534 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1535 | |
| 1536 | <pre> |
| 1537 | switch <intty> <value>, label <defaultdest> [ <intty> <val>, label <dest> ... ] |
| 1538 | </pre> |
| 1539 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1540 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1541 | |
| 1542 | <p>The '<tt>switch</tt>' instruction is used to transfer control flow to one of |
| 1543 | several different places. It is a generalization of the '<tt>br</tt>' |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1544 | instruction, allowing a branch to occur to one of many possible |
| 1545 | destinations.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1546 | |
| 1547 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1548 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1549 | |
| 1550 | <p>The '<tt>switch</tt>' instruction uses three parameters: an integer |
| 1551 | comparison value '<tt>value</tt>', a default '<tt>label</tt>' destination, and |
| 1552 | an array of pairs of comparison value constants and '<tt>label</tt>'s. The |
| 1553 | table is not allowed to contain duplicate constant entries.</p> |
| 1554 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1555 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1556 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1557 | <p>The <tt>switch</tt> instruction specifies a table of values and |
| 1558 | destinations. When the '<tt>switch</tt>' instruction is executed, this |
John Criswell | 8411475 | 2004-06-25 16:05:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1559 | table is searched for the given value. If the value is found, control flow is |
| 1560 | transfered to the corresponding destination; otherwise, control flow is |
| 1561 | transfered to the default destination.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1562 | |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1563 | <h5>Implementation:</h5> |
| 1564 | |
| 1565 | <p>Depending on properties of the target machine and the particular |
| 1566 | <tt>switch</tt> instruction, this instruction may be code generated in different |
John Criswell | 8411475 | 2004-06-25 16:05:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1567 | ways. For example, it could be generated as a series of chained conditional |
| 1568 | branches or with a lookup table.</p> |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1569 | |
| 1570 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 1571 | |
| 1572 | <pre> |
| 1573 | <i>; Emulate a conditional br instruction</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1574 | %Val = <a href="#i_zext">zext</a> bool %value to i32 |
| 1575 | switch i32 %Val, label %truedest [i32 0, label %falsedest ] |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1576 | |
| 1577 | <i>; Emulate an unconditional br instruction</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1578 | switch i32 0, label %dest [ ] |
Chris Lattner | c88c17b | 2004-02-24 04:54:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1579 | |
| 1580 | <i>; Implement a jump table:</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1581 | switch i32 %val, label %otherwise [ i32 0, label %onzero |
| 1582 | i32 1, label %onone |
| 1583 | i32 2, label %ontwo ] |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1584 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1585 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1586 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1587 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1588 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 1589 | <a name="i_invoke">'<tt>invoke</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 1590 | </div> |
| 1591 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1592 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1593 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1594 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1595 | |
| 1596 | <pre> |
| 1597 | <result> = invoke [<a href="#callingconv">cconv</a>] <ptr to function ty> %<function ptr val>(<function args>) |
Chris Lattner | 76b8a33 | 2006-05-14 18:23:06 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1598 | to label <normal label> unwind label <exception label> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1599 | </pre> |
| 1600 | |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1601 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1602 | |
| 1603 | <p>The '<tt>invoke</tt>' instruction causes control to transfer to a specified |
| 1604 | function, with the possibility of control flow transfer to either the |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1605 | '<tt>normal</tt>' label or the |
| 1606 | '<tt>exception</tt>' label. If the callee function returns with the |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1607 | "<tt><a href="#i_ret">ret</a></tt>" instruction, control flow will return to the |
| 1608 | "normal" label. If the callee (or any indirect callees) returns with the "<a |
John Criswell | e4c57cc | 2005-05-12 16:52:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1609 | href="#i_unwind"><tt>unwind</tt></a>" instruction, control is interrupted and |
| 1610 | continued at the dynamically nearest "exception" label.</p> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1611 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1612 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1613 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1614 | <p>This instruction requires several arguments:</p> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1615 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1616 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1617 | <li> |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1618 | The optional "cconv" marker indicates which <a href="callingconv">calling |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1619 | convention</a> the call should use. If none is specified, the call defaults |
| 1620 | to using C calling conventions. |
| 1621 | </li> |
| 1622 | <li>'<tt>ptr to function ty</tt>': shall be the signature of the pointer to |
| 1623 | function value being invoked. In most cases, this is a direct function |
| 1624 | invocation, but indirect <tt>invoke</tt>s are just as possible, branching off |
| 1625 | an arbitrary pointer to function value. |
| 1626 | </li> |
| 1627 | |
| 1628 | <li>'<tt>function ptr val</tt>': An LLVM value containing a pointer to a |
| 1629 | function to be invoked. </li> |
| 1630 | |
| 1631 | <li>'<tt>function args</tt>': argument list whose types match the function |
| 1632 | signature argument types. If the function signature indicates the function |
| 1633 | accepts a variable number of arguments, the extra arguments can be |
| 1634 | specified. </li> |
| 1635 | |
| 1636 | <li>'<tt>normal label</tt>': the label reached when the called function |
| 1637 | executes a '<tt><a href="#i_ret">ret</a></tt>' instruction. </li> |
| 1638 | |
| 1639 | <li>'<tt>exception label</tt>': the label reached when a callee returns with |
| 1640 | the <a href="#i_unwind"><tt>unwind</tt></a> instruction. </li> |
| 1641 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1642 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1643 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1644 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1645 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1646 | <p>This instruction is designed to operate as a standard '<tt><a |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1647 | href="#i_call">call</a></tt>' instruction in most regards. The primary |
| 1648 | difference is that it establishes an association with a label, which is used by |
| 1649 | the runtime library to unwind the stack.</p> |
| 1650 | |
| 1651 | <p>This instruction is used in languages with destructors to ensure that proper |
| 1652 | cleanup is performed in the case of either a <tt>longjmp</tt> or a thrown |
| 1653 | exception. Additionally, this is important for implementation of |
| 1654 | '<tt>catch</tt>' clauses in high-level languages that support them.</p> |
| 1655 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1656 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1657 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1658 | %retval = invoke i32 %Test(i32 15) to label %Continue |
| 1659 | unwind label %TestCleanup <i>; {i32}:retval set</i> |
| 1660 | %retval = invoke <a href="#callingconv">coldcc</a> i32 %Test(i32 15) to label %Continue |
| 1661 | unwind label %TestCleanup <i>; {i32}:retval set</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1662 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1663 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1664 | |
| 1665 | |
Chris Lattner | 27f71f2 | 2003-09-03 00:41:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1666 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1667 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1668 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_unwind">'<tt>unwind</tt>' |
| 1669 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1670 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1671 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1672 | |
Chris Lattner | 27f71f2 | 2003-09-03 00:41:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1673 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1674 | <pre> |
| 1675 | unwind |
| 1676 | </pre> |
| 1677 | |
Chris Lattner | 27f71f2 | 2003-09-03 00:41:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1678 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1679 | |
| 1680 | <p>The '<tt>unwind</tt>' instruction unwinds the stack, continuing control flow |
| 1681 | at the first callee in the dynamic call stack which used an <a |
| 1682 | href="#i_invoke"><tt>invoke</tt></a> instruction to perform the call. This is |
| 1683 | primarily used to implement exception handling.</p> |
| 1684 | |
Chris Lattner | 27f71f2 | 2003-09-03 00:41:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1685 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1686 | |
| 1687 | <p>The '<tt>unwind</tt>' intrinsic causes execution of the current function to |
| 1688 | immediately halt. The dynamic call stack is then searched for the first <a |
| 1689 | href="#i_invoke"><tt>invoke</tt></a> instruction on the call stack. Once found, |
| 1690 | execution continues at the "exceptional" destination block specified by the |
| 1691 | <tt>invoke</tt> instruction. If there is no <tt>invoke</tt> instruction in the |
| 1692 | dynamic call chain, undefined behavior results.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1693 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 35eca58 | 2004-10-16 18:04:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1694 | |
| 1695 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1696 | |
| 1697 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_unreachable">'<tt>unreachable</tt>' |
| 1698 | Instruction</a> </div> |
| 1699 | |
| 1700 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1701 | |
| 1702 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1703 | <pre> |
| 1704 | unreachable |
| 1705 | </pre> |
| 1706 | |
| 1707 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1708 | |
| 1709 | <p>The '<tt>unreachable</tt>' instruction has no defined semantics. This |
| 1710 | instruction is used to inform the optimizer that a particular portion of the |
| 1711 | code is not reachable. This can be used to indicate that the code after a |
| 1712 | no-return function cannot be reached, and other facts.</p> |
| 1713 | |
| 1714 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 1715 | |
| 1716 | <p>The '<tt>unreachable</tt>' instruction has no defined semantics.</p> |
| 1717 | </div> |
| 1718 | |
| 1719 | |
| 1720 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1721 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1722 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="binaryops">Binary Operations</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1723 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1724 | <p>Binary operators are used to do most of the computation in a |
| 1725 | program. They require two operands, execute an operation on them, and |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1726 | produce a single value. The operands might represent |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1727 | multiple data, as is the case with the <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> data type. |
| 1728 | The result value of a binary operator is not |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1729 | necessarily the same type as its operands.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1730 | <p>There are several different binary operators:</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1731 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1732 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1733 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_add">'<tt>add</tt>' |
| 1734 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1735 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1736 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1737 | <pre> <result> = add <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1738 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1739 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1740 | <p>The '<tt>add</tt>' instruction returns the sum of its two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1741 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1742 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>add</tt>' instruction must be either <a |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1743 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> or <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> values. |
| 1744 | This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> versions of the values. |
| 1745 | Both arguments must have identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1746 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1747 | <p>The value produced is the integer or floating point sum of the two |
| 1748 | operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1749 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1750 | <pre> <result> = add i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 + %var</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1751 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1752 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1753 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1754 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_sub">'<tt>sub</tt>' |
| 1755 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1756 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1757 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1758 | <pre> <result> = sub <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1759 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1760 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1761 | <p>The '<tt>sub</tt>' instruction returns the difference of its two |
| 1762 | operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1763 | <p>Note that the '<tt>sub</tt>' instruction is used to represent the '<tt>neg</tt>' |
| 1764 | instruction present in most other intermediate representations.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1765 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1766 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>sub</tt>' instruction must be either <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1767 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> or <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1768 | values. |
| 1769 | This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> versions of the values. |
| 1770 | Both arguments must have identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1771 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1772 | <p>The value produced is the integer or floating point difference of |
| 1773 | the two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1774 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1775 | <pre> <result> = sub i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 - %var</i> |
| 1776 | <result> = sub i32 0, %val <i>; yields {i32}:result = -%var</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1777 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1778 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1779 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1780 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_mul">'<tt>mul</tt>' |
| 1781 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1782 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1783 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1784 | <pre> <result> = mul <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1785 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1786 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1787 | <p>The '<tt>mul</tt>' instruction returns the product of its two |
| 1788 | operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1789 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1790 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>mul</tt>' instruction must be either <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1791 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> or <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> |
Chris Lattner | a58561b | 2004-08-12 19:12:28 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1792 | values. |
| 1793 | This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> versions of the values. |
| 1794 | Both arguments must have identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1795 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1796 | <p>The value produced is the integer or floating point product of the |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1797 | two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1798 | <p>There is no signed vs unsigned multiplication. The appropriate |
| 1799 | action is taken based on the type of the operand.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1800 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1801 | <pre> <result> = mul i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 * %var</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1802 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1803 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1804 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1805 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_udiv">'<tt>udiv</tt>' Instruction |
| 1806 | </a></div> |
| 1807 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1808 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1809 | <pre> <result> = udiv <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
| 1810 | </pre> |
| 1811 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1812 | <p>The '<tt>udiv</tt>' instruction returns the quotient of its two |
| 1813 | operands.</p> |
| 1814 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 1815 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>udiv</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1816 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> values. Both arguments must have identical |
| 1817 | types. This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> versions |
| 1818 | of the values in which case the elements must be integers.</p> |
| 1819 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 1820 | <p>The value produced is the unsigned integer quotient of the two operands. This |
| 1821 | instruction always performs an unsigned division operation, regardless of |
| 1822 | whether the arguments are unsigned or not.</p> |
| 1823 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1824 | <pre> <result> = udiv i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 / %var</i> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1825 | </pre> |
| 1826 | </div> |
| 1827 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1828 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_sdiv">'<tt>sdiv</tt>' Instruction |
| 1829 | </a> </div> |
| 1830 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1831 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1832 | <pre> <result> = sdiv <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
| 1833 | </pre> |
| 1834 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1835 | <p>The '<tt>sdiv</tt>' instruction returns the quotient of its two |
| 1836 | operands.</p> |
| 1837 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 1838 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>sdiv</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1839 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> values. Both arguments must have identical |
| 1840 | types. This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> versions |
| 1841 | of the values in which case the elements must be integers.</p> |
| 1842 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 1843 | <p>The value produced is the signed integer quotient of the two operands. This |
| 1844 | instruction always performs a signed division operation, regardless of whether |
| 1845 | the arguments are signed or not.</p> |
| 1846 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1847 | <pre> <result> = sdiv i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 / %var</i> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1848 | </pre> |
| 1849 | </div> |
| 1850 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1851 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_fdiv">'<tt>fdiv</tt>' |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1852 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1853 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1854 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1855 | <pre> <result> = fdiv <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1856 | </pre> |
| 1857 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1858 | <p>The '<tt>fdiv</tt>' instruction returns the quotient of its two |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1859 | operands.</p> |
| 1860 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1861 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>div</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1862 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> values. Both arguments must have |
| 1863 | identical types. This instruction can also take <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> |
| 1864 | versions of the values in which case the elements must be floating point.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1865 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1866 | <p>The value produced is the floating point quotient of the two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1867 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 1628cec | 2006-10-26 06:15:43 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1868 | <pre> <result> = fdiv float 4.0, %var <i>; yields {float}:result = 4.0 / %var</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1869 | </pre> |
| 1870 | </div> |
| 1871 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1872 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_urem">'<tt>urem</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 1873 | </div> |
| 1874 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1875 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1876 | <pre> <result> = urem <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
| 1877 | </pre> |
| 1878 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1879 | <p>The '<tt>urem</tt>' instruction returns the remainder from the |
| 1880 | unsigned division of its two arguments.</p> |
| 1881 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 1882 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>urem</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1883 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> values. Both arguments must have identical |
| 1884 | types.</p> |
| 1885 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 1886 | <p>This instruction returns the unsigned integer <i>remainder</i> of a division. |
| 1887 | This instruction always performs an unsigned division to get the remainder, |
| 1888 | regardless of whether the arguments are unsigned or not.</p> |
| 1889 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1890 | <pre> <result> = urem i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 % %var</i> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1891 | </pre> |
| 1892 | |
| 1893 | </div> |
| 1894 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1895 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_srem">'<tt>srem</tt>' |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1896 | Instruction</a> </div> |
| 1897 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1898 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1899 | <pre> <result> = srem <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1900 | </pre> |
| 1901 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1902 | <p>The '<tt>srem</tt>' instruction returns the remainder from the |
| 1903 | signed division of its two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1904 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1905 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>srem</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1906 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> values. Both arguments must have identical |
| 1907 | types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1908 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1909 | <p>This instruction returns the <i>remainder</i> of a division (where the result |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1910 | has the same sign as the divisor), not the <i>modulus</i> (where the |
| 1911 | result has the same sign as the dividend) of a value. For more |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1912 | information about the difference, see <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1913 | href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/problems/anne.4.28.99.html">The |
| 1914 | Math Forum</a>.</p> |
| 1915 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1916 | <pre> <result> = srem i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 % %var</i> |
Reid Spencer | 0a783f7 | 2006-11-02 01:53:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1917 | </pre> |
| 1918 | |
| 1919 | </div> |
| 1920 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 1921 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_frem">'<tt>frem</tt>' |
| 1922 | Instruction</a> </div> |
| 1923 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 1924 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 1925 | <pre> <result> = frem <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
| 1926 | </pre> |
| 1927 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 1928 | <p>The '<tt>frem</tt>' instruction returns the remainder from the |
| 1929 | division of its two operands.</p> |
| 1930 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 1931 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>frem</tt>' instruction must be |
| 1932 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> values. Both arguments must have |
| 1933 | identical types.</p> |
| 1934 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 1935 | <p>This instruction returns the <i>remainder</i> of a division.</p> |
| 1936 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 1937 | <pre> <result> = frem float 4.0, %var <i>; yields {float}:result = 4.0 % %var</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1938 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1939 | </div> |
Robert Bocchino | 7b81c75 | 2006-02-17 21:18:08 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1940 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1941 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1942 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="bitwiseops">Bitwise Binary |
| 1943 | Operations</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1944 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1945 | <p>Bitwise binary operators are used to do various forms of |
| 1946 | bit-twiddling in a program. They are generally very efficient |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1947 | instructions and can commonly be strength reduced from other |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1948 | instructions. They require two operands, execute an operation on them, |
| 1949 | and produce a single value. The resulting value of the bitwise binary |
| 1950 | operators is always the same type as its first operand.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1951 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1952 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1953 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_and">'<tt>and</tt>' |
| 1954 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1955 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1956 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1957 | <pre> <result> = and <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1958 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1959 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1960 | <p>The '<tt>and</tt>' instruction returns the bitwise logical and of |
| 1961 | its two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1962 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1963 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>and</tt>' instruction must be <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1964 | href="#t_integral">integral</a> values. Both arguments must have |
| 1965 | identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1966 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1967 | <p>The truth table used for the '<tt>and</tt>' instruction is:</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1968 | <p> </p> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1969 | <div style="align: center"> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1970 | <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1971 | <tbody> |
| 1972 | <tr> |
| 1973 | <td>In0</td> |
| 1974 | <td>In1</td> |
| 1975 | <td>Out</td> |
| 1976 | </tr> |
| 1977 | <tr> |
| 1978 | <td>0</td> |
| 1979 | <td>0</td> |
| 1980 | <td>0</td> |
| 1981 | </tr> |
| 1982 | <tr> |
| 1983 | <td>0</td> |
| 1984 | <td>1</td> |
| 1985 | <td>0</td> |
| 1986 | </tr> |
| 1987 | <tr> |
| 1988 | <td>1</td> |
| 1989 | <td>0</td> |
| 1990 | <td>0</td> |
| 1991 | </tr> |
| 1992 | <tr> |
| 1993 | <td>1</td> |
| 1994 | <td>1</td> |
| 1995 | <td>1</td> |
| 1996 | </tr> |
| 1997 | </tbody> |
| 1998 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1999 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2000 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2001 | <pre> <result> = and i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 & %var</i> |
| 2002 | <result> = and i32 15, 40 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 8</i> |
| 2003 | <result> = and i32 4, 8 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 0</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2004 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2005 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2006 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2007 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_or">'<tt>or</tt>' Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2008 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2009 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2010 | <pre> <result> = or <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2011 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2012 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2013 | <p>The '<tt>or</tt>' instruction returns the bitwise logical inclusive |
| 2014 | or of its two operands.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2015 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2016 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>or</tt>' instruction must be <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2017 | href="#t_integral">integral</a> values. Both arguments must have |
| 2018 | identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2019 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2020 | <p>The truth table used for the '<tt>or</tt>' instruction is:</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2021 | <p> </p> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2022 | <div style="align: center"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2023 | <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> |
| 2024 | <tbody> |
| 2025 | <tr> |
| 2026 | <td>In0</td> |
| 2027 | <td>In1</td> |
| 2028 | <td>Out</td> |
| 2029 | </tr> |
| 2030 | <tr> |
| 2031 | <td>0</td> |
| 2032 | <td>0</td> |
| 2033 | <td>0</td> |
| 2034 | </tr> |
| 2035 | <tr> |
| 2036 | <td>0</td> |
| 2037 | <td>1</td> |
| 2038 | <td>1</td> |
| 2039 | </tr> |
| 2040 | <tr> |
| 2041 | <td>1</td> |
| 2042 | <td>0</td> |
| 2043 | <td>1</td> |
| 2044 | </tr> |
| 2045 | <tr> |
| 2046 | <td>1</td> |
| 2047 | <td>1</td> |
| 2048 | <td>1</td> |
| 2049 | </tr> |
| 2050 | </tbody> |
| 2051 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2052 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2053 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2054 | <pre> <result> = or i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 | %var</i> |
| 2055 | <result> = or i32 15, 40 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 47</i> |
| 2056 | <result> = or i32 4, 8 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 12</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2057 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2058 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2059 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2060 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_xor">'<tt>xor</tt>' |
| 2061 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2062 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2063 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2064 | <pre> <result> = xor <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2065 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2066 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2067 | <p>The '<tt>xor</tt>' instruction returns the bitwise logical exclusive |
| 2068 | or of its two operands. The <tt>xor</tt> is used to implement the |
| 2069 | "one's complement" operation, which is the "~" operator in C.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2070 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2071 | <p>The two arguments to the '<tt>xor</tt>' instruction must be <a |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2072 | href="#t_integral">integral</a> values. Both arguments must have |
| 2073 | identical types.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2074 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2075 | <p>The truth table used for the '<tt>xor</tt>' instruction is:</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2076 | <p> </p> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2077 | <div style="align: center"> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2078 | <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> |
| 2079 | <tbody> |
| 2080 | <tr> |
| 2081 | <td>In0</td> |
| 2082 | <td>In1</td> |
| 2083 | <td>Out</td> |
| 2084 | </tr> |
| 2085 | <tr> |
| 2086 | <td>0</td> |
| 2087 | <td>0</td> |
| 2088 | <td>0</td> |
| 2089 | </tr> |
| 2090 | <tr> |
| 2091 | <td>0</td> |
| 2092 | <td>1</td> |
| 2093 | <td>1</td> |
| 2094 | </tr> |
| 2095 | <tr> |
| 2096 | <td>1</td> |
| 2097 | <td>0</td> |
| 2098 | <td>1</td> |
| 2099 | </tr> |
| 2100 | <tr> |
| 2101 | <td>1</td> |
| 2102 | <td>1</td> |
| 2103 | <td>0</td> |
| 2104 | </tr> |
| 2105 | </tbody> |
| 2106 | </table> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2107 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2108 | <p> </p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2109 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2110 | <pre> <result> = xor i32 4, %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 ^ %var</i> |
| 2111 | <result> = xor i32 15, 40 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 39</i> |
| 2112 | <result> = xor i32 4, 8 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 12</i> |
| 2113 | <result> = xor i32 %V, -1 <i>; yields {i32}:result = ~%V</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2114 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2115 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2116 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2117 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_shl">'<tt>shl</tt>' |
| 2118 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2119 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2120 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2121 | <pre> <result> = shl <ty> <var1>, i8 <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2122 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2123 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2124 | <p>The '<tt>shl</tt>' instruction returns the first operand shifted to |
| 2125 | the left a specified number of bits.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2126 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2127 | <p>The first argument to the '<tt>shl</tt>' instruction must be an <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2128 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> type. The second argument must be an '<tt>i8</tt>' |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2129 | type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2130 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2131 | <p>The value produced is <tt>var1</tt> * 2<sup><tt>var2</tt></sup>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2132 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2133 | <pre> <result> = shl i32 4, i8 %var <i>; yields {i32}:result = 4 << %var</i> |
| 2134 | <result> = shl i32 4, i8 2 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 16</i> |
| 2135 | <result> = shl i32 1, i8 10 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 1024</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2136 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2137 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2138 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2139 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_lshr">'<tt>lshr</tt>' |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2140 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2141 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2142 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2143 | <pre> <result> = lshr <ty> <var1>, i8 <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2144 | </pre> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2145 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2146 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2147 | <p>The '<tt>lshr</tt>' instruction (logical shift right) returns the first |
| 2148 | operand shifted to the right a specified number of bits.</p> |
| 2149 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2150 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2151 | <p>The first argument to the '<tt>lshr</tt>' instruction must be an <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2152 | href="#t_integer">integer</a> type. The second argument must be an '<tt>i8</tt>' type.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2153 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2154 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2155 | <p>This instruction always performs a logical shift right operation, regardless |
| 2156 | of whether the arguments are unsigned or not. The <tt>var2</tt> most significant |
| 2157 | bits will be filled with zero bits after the shift.</p> |
| 2158 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2159 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2160 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2161 | <result> = lshr i32 4, i8 1 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 2</i> |
| 2162 | <result> = lshr i32 4, i8 2 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 1</i> |
| 2163 | <result> = lshr i8 4, i8 3 <i>; yields {i8 }:result = 0</i> |
| 2164 | <result> = lshr i8 -2, i8 1 <i>; yields {i8 }:result = 0x7FFFFFFF </i> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2165 | </pre> |
| 2166 | </div> |
| 2167 | |
| 2168 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 2169 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_ashr">'<tt>ashr</tt>' |
| 2170 | Instruction</a> </div> |
| 2171 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2172 | |
| 2173 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2174 | <pre> <result> = ashr <ty> <var1>, i8 <var2> <i>; yields {ty}:result</i> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2175 | </pre> |
| 2176 | |
| 2177 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2178 | <p>The '<tt>ashr</tt>' instruction (arithmetic shift right) returns the first |
| 2179 | operand shifted to the right a specified number of bits.</p> |
| 2180 | |
| 2181 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2182 | <p>The first argument to the '<tt>ashr</tt>' instruction must be an |
| 2183 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> type. The second argument must be an |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2184 | '<tt>i8</tt>' type.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 3822ff5 | 2006-11-08 06:47:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2185 | |
| 2186 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2187 | <p>This instruction always performs an arithmetic shift right operation, |
| 2188 | regardless of whether the arguments are signed or not. The <tt>var2</tt> most |
| 2189 | significant bits will be filled with the sign bit of <tt>var1</tt>.</p> |
| 2190 | |
| 2191 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2192 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2193 | <result> = ashr i32 4, i8 1 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 2</i> |
| 2194 | <result> = ashr i32 4, i8 2 <i>; yields {i32}:result = 1</i> |
| 2195 | <result> = ashr i8 4, i8 3 <i>; yields {i8}:result = 0</i> |
| 2196 | <result> = ashr i8 -2, i8 1 <i>; yields {i8 }:result = -1</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2197 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2198 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2199 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2200 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2201 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2202 | <a name="vectorops">Vector Operations</a> |
| 2203 | </div> |
| 2204 | |
| 2205 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2206 | |
| 2207 | <p>LLVM supports several instructions to represent vector operations in a |
| 2208 | target-independent manner. This instructions cover the element-access and |
| 2209 | vector-specific operations needed to process vectors effectively. While LLVM |
| 2210 | does directly support these vector operations, many sophisticated algorithms |
| 2211 | will want to use target-specific intrinsics to take full advantage of a specific |
| 2212 | target.</p> |
| 2213 | |
| 2214 | </div> |
| 2215 | |
| 2216 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2217 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2218 | <a name="i_extractelement">'<tt>extractelement</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2219 | </div> |
| 2220 | |
| 2221 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2222 | |
| 2223 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2224 | |
| 2225 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2226 | <result> = extractelement <n x <ty>> <val>, i32 <idx> <i>; yields <ty></i> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2227 | </pre> |
| 2228 | |
| 2229 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2230 | |
| 2231 | <p> |
| 2232 | The '<tt>extractelement</tt>' instruction extracts a single scalar |
| 2233 | element from a packed vector at a specified index. |
| 2234 | </p> |
| 2235 | |
| 2236 | |
| 2237 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2238 | |
| 2239 | <p> |
| 2240 | The first operand of an '<tt>extractelement</tt>' instruction is a |
| 2241 | value of <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> type. The second operand is |
| 2242 | an index indicating the position from which to extract the element. |
| 2243 | The index may be a variable.</p> |
| 2244 | |
| 2245 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2246 | |
| 2247 | <p> |
| 2248 | The result is a scalar of the same type as the element type of |
| 2249 | <tt>val</tt>. Its value is the value at position <tt>idx</tt> of |
| 2250 | <tt>val</tt>. If <tt>idx</tt> exceeds the length of <tt>val</tt>, the |
| 2251 | results are undefined. |
| 2252 | </p> |
| 2253 | |
| 2254 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2255 | |
| 2256 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2257 | %result = extractelement <4 x i32> %vec, i32 0 <i>; yields i32</i> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2258 | </pre> |
| 2259 | </div> |
| 2260 | |
| 2261 | |
| 2262 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2263 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2264 | <a name="i_insertelement">'<tt>insertelement</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2265 | </div> |
| 2266 | |
| 2267 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2268 | |
| 2269 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2270 | |
| 2271 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2272 | <result> = insertelement <n x <ty>> <val>, <ty> <elt>, i32 <idx> <i>; yields <n x <ty>></i> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2273 | </pre> |
| 2274 | |
| 2275 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2276 | |
| 2277 | <p> |
| 2278 | The '<tt>insertelement</tt>' instruction inserts a scalar |
| 2279 | element into a packed vector at a specified index. |
| 2280 | </p> |
| 2281 | |
| 2282 | |
| 2283 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2284 | |
| 2285 | <p> |
| 2286 | The first operand of an '<tt>insertelement</tt>' instruction is a |
| 2287 | value of <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> type. The second operand is a |
| 2288 | scalar value whose type must equal the element type of the first |
| 2289 | operand. The third operand is an index indicating the position at |
| 2290 | which to insert the value. The index may be a variable.</p> |
| 2291 | |
| 2292 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2293 | |
| 2294 | <p> |
| 2295 | The result is a packed vector of the same type as <tt>val</tt>. Its |
| 2296 | element values are those of <tt>val</tt> except at position |
| 2297 | <tt>idx</tt>, where it gets the value <tt>elt</tt>. If <tt>idx</tt> |
| 2298 | exceeds the length of <tt>val</tt>, the results are undefined. |
| 2299 | </p> |
| 2300 | |
| 2301 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2302 | |
| 2303 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2304 | %result = insertelement <4 x i32> %vec, i32 1, i32 0 <i>; yields <4 x i32></i> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2305 | </pre> |
| 2306 | </div> |
| 2307 | |
| 2308 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2309 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2310 | <a name="i_shufflevector">'<tt>shufflevector</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2311 | </div> |
| 2312 | |
| 2313 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2314 | |
| 2315 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2316 | |
| 2317 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2318 | <result> = shufflevector <n x <ty>> <v1>, <n x <ty>> <v2>, <n x i32> <mask> <i>; yields <n x <ty>></i> |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2319 | </pre> |
| 2320 | |
| 2321 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2322 | |
| 2323 | <p> |
| 2324 | The '<tt>shufflevector</tt>' instruction constructs a permutation of elements |
| 2325 | from two input vectors, returning a vector of the same type. |
| 2326 | </p> |
| 2327 | |
| 2328 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2329 | |
| 2330 | <p> |
| 2331 | The first two operands of a '<tt>shufflevector</tt>' instruction are vectors |
| 2332 | with types that match each other and types that match the result of the |
| 2333 | instruction. The third argument is a shuffle mask, which has the same number |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2334 | of elements as the other vector type, but whose element type is always 'i32'. |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2335 | </p> |
| 2336 | |
| 2337 | <p> |
| 2338 | The shuffle mask operand is required to be a constant vector with either |
| 2339 | constant integer or undef values. |
| 2340 | </p> |
| 2341 | |
| 2342 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2343 | |
| 2344 | <p> |
| 2345 | The elements of the two input vectors are numbered from left to right across |
| 2346 | both of the vectors. The shuffle mask operand specifies, for each element of |
| 2347 | the result vector, which element of the two input registers the result element |
| 2348 | gets. The element selector may be undef (meaning "don't care") and the second |
| 2349 | operand may be undef if performing a shuffle from only one vector. |
| 2350 | </p> |
| 2351 | |
| 2352 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2353 | |
| 2354 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2355 | %result = shufflevector <4 x i32> %v1, <4 x i32> %v2, |
| 2356 | <4 x i32> <i32 0, i32 4, i32 1, i32 5> <i>; yields <4 x i32></i> |
| 2357 | %result = shufflevector <4 x i32> %v1, <4 x i32> undef, |
| 2358 | <4 x i32> <i32 0, i32 1, i32 2, i32 3> <i>; yields <4 x i32></i> - Identity shuffle. |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2359 | </pre> |
| 2360 | </div> |
| 2361 | |
Tanya Lattner | 0947429 | 2006-04-14 19:24:33 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2362 | |
Chris Lattner | 3df241e | 2006-04-08 23:07:04 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2363 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 2364 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 884a970 | 2006-08-15 00:45:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2365 | <a name="memoryops">Memory Access and Addressing Operations</a> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2366 | </div> |
| 2367 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2368 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2369 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2370 | <p>A key design point of an SSA-based representation is how it |
| 2371 | represents memory. In LLVM, no memory locations are in SSA form, which |
| 2372 | makes things very simple. This section describes how to read, write, |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2373 | allocate, and free memory in LLVM.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2374 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2375 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2376 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2377 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2378 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2379 | <a name="i_malloc">'<tt>malloc</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2380 | </div> |
| 2381 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2382 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2383 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2384 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2385 | |
| 2386 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2387 | <result> = malloc <type>[, i32 <NumElements>][, align <alignment>] <i>; yields {type*}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2388 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2389 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2390 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2391 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2392 | <p>The '<tt>malloc</tt>' instruction allocates memory from the system |
| 2393 | heap and returns a pointer to it.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2394 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2395 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2396 | |
| 2397 | <p>The '<tt>malloc</tt>' instruction allocates |
| 2398 | <tt>sizeof(<type>)*NumElements</tt> |
John Criswell | 6e4ca61 | 2004-02-24 16:13:56 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2399 | bytes of memory from the operating system and returns a pointer of the |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2400 | appropriate type to the program. If "NumElements" is specified, it is the |
| 2401 | number of elements allocated. If an alignment is specified, the value result |
| 2402 | of the allocation is guaranteed to be aligned to at least that boundary. If |
| 2403 | not specified, or if zero, the target can choose to align the allocation on any |
| 2404 | convenient boundary.</p> |
| 2405 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2406 | <p>'<tt>type</tt>' must be a sized type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2407 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2408 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2409 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2410 | <p>Memory is allocated using the system "<tt>malloc</tt>" function, and |
| 2411 | a pointer is returned.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2412 | |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2413 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2414 | |
| 2415 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2416 | %array = malloc [4 x i8 ] <i>; yields {[%4 x i8]*}:array</i> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2417 | |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2418 | %size = <a href="#i_add">add</a> i32 2, 2 <i>; yields {i32}:size = i32 4</i> |
| 2419 | %array1 = malloc i8, i32 4 <i>; yields {i8*}:array1</i> |
| 2420 | %array2 = malloc [12 x i8], i32 %size <i>; yields {[12 x i8]*}:array2</i> |
| 2421 | %array3 = malloc i32, i32 4, align 1024 <i>; yields {i32*}:array3</i> |
| 2422 | %array4 = malloc i32, align 1024 <i>; yields {i32*}:array4</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2423 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2424 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2425 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2426 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2427 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2428 | <a name="i_free">'<tt>free</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2429 | </div> |
| 2430 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2431 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2432 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2433 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2434 | |
| 2435 | <pre> |
| 2436 | free <type> <value> <i>; yields {void}</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2437 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2438 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2439 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2440 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2441 | <p>The '<tt>free</tt>' instruction returns memory back to the unused |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2442 | memory heap to be reallocated in the future.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2443 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2444 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2445 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2446 | <p>'<tt>value</tt>' shall be a pointer value that points to a value |
| 2447 | that was allocated with the '<tt><a href="#i_malloc">malloc</a></tt>' |
| 2448 | instruction.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2449 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2450 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2451 | |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2452 | <p>Access to the memory pointed to by the pointer is no longer defined |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2453 | after this instruction executes.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2454 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2455 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2456 | |
| 2457 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2458 | %array = <a href="#i_malloc">malloc</a> [4 x i8] <i>; yields {[4 x i8]*}:array</i> |
| 2459 | free [4 x i8]* %array |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2460 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2461 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2462 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2463 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2464 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2465 | <a name="i_alloca">'<tt>alloca</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2466 | </div> |
| 2467 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2468 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2469 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2470 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2471 | |
| 2472 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2473 | <result> = alloca <type>[, i32 <NumElements>][, align <alignment>] <i>; yields {type*}:result</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2474 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2475 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2476 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2477 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2478 | <p>The '<tt>alloca</tt>' instruction allocates memory on the current |
| 2479 | stack frame of the procedure that is live until the current function |
| 2480 | returns to its caller.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2481 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2482 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2483 | |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2484 | <p>The '<tt>alloca</tt>' instruction allocates <tt>sizeof(<type>)*NumElements</tt> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2485 | bytes of memory on the runtime stack, returning a pointer of the |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2486 | appropriate type to the program. If "NumElements" is specified, it is the |
| 2487 | number of elements allocated. If an alignment is specified, the value result |
| 2488 | of the allocation is guaranteed to be aligned to at least that boundary. If |
| 2489 | not specified, or if zero, the target can choose to align the allocation on any |
| 2490 | convenient boundary.</p> |
| 2491 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2492 | <p>'<tt>type</tt>' may be any sized type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2493 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2494 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2495 | |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2496 | <p>Memory is allocated; a pointer is returned. '<tt>alloca</tt>'d |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2497 | memory is automatically released when the function returns. The '<tt>alloca</tt>' |
| 2498 | instruction is commonly used to represent automatic variables that must |
| 2499 | have an address available. When the function returns (either with the <tt><a |
John Criswell | dae2e93 | 2005-05-12 16:55:34 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2500 | href="#i_ret">ret</a></tt> or <tt><a href="#i_unwind">unwind</a></tt> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2501 | instructions), the memory is reclaimed.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2502 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2503 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2504 | |
| 2505 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2506 | %ptr = alloca i32 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
| 2507 | %ptr = alloca i32, i32 4 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
| 2508 | %ptr = alloca i32, i32 4, align 1024 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
| 2509 | %ptr = alloca i32, align 1024 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2510 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2511 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2cbdc45 | 2005-11-06 08:02:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2512 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2513 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2514 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_load">'<tt>load</tt>' |
| 2515 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2516 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2517 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2518 | <pre> <result> = load <ty>* <pointer><br> <result> = volatile load <ty>* <pointer><br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2519 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2520 | <p>The '<tt>load</tt>' instruction is used to read from memory.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2521 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2522 | <p>The argument to the '<tt>load</tt>' instruction specifies the memory |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2523 | address from which to load. The pointer must point to a <a |
Chris Lattner | e53e508 | 2004-06-03 22:57:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2524 | href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> type. If the <tt>load</tt> is |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2525 | marked as <tt>volatile</tt>, then the optimizer is not allowed to modify |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2526 | the number or order of execution of this <tt>load</tt> with other |
| 2527 | volatile <tt>load</tt> and <tt><a href="#i_store">store</a></tt> |
| 2528 | instructions. </p> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2529 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2530 | <p>The location of memory pointed to is loaded.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2531 | <h5>Examples:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2532 | <pre> %ptr = <a href="#i_alloca">alloca</a> i32 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2533 | <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2534 | href="#i_store">store</a> i32 3, i32* %ptr <i>; yields {void}</i> |
| 2535 | %val = load i32* %ptr <i>; yields {i32}:val = i32 3</i> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2536 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2537 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2538 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2539 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_store">'<tt>store</tt>' |
| 2540 | Instruction</a> </div> |
Reid Spencer | 035ab57 | 2006-11-09 21:18:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2541 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2542 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2543 | <pre> store <ty> <value>, <ty>* <pointer> <i>; yields {void}</i> |
Chris Lattner | f065107 | 2003-09-08 18:27:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2544 | volatile store <ty> <value>, <ty>* <pointer> <i>; yields {void}</i> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2545 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2546 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2547 | <p>The '<tt>store</tt>' instruction is used to write to memory.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2548 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2549 | <p>There are two arguments to the '<tt>store</tt>' instruction: a value |
John Criswell | 0ec250c | 2005-10-24 16:17:18 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2550 | to store and an address in which to store it. The type of the '<tt><pointer></tt>' |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2551 | operand must be a pointer to the type of the '<tt><value></tt>' |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2552 | operand. If the <tt>store</tt> is marked as <tt>volatile</tt>, then the |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2553 | optimizer is not allowed to modify the number or order of execution of |
| 2554 | this <tt>store</tt> with other volatile <tt>load</tt> and <tt><a |
| 2555 | href="#i_store">store</a></tt> instructions.</p> |
| 2556 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2557 | <p>The contents of memory are updated to contain '<tt><value></tt>' |
| 2558 | at the location specified by the '<tt><pointer></tt>' operand.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2559 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2560 | <pre> %ptr = <a href="#i_alloca">alloca</a> i32 <i>; yields {i32*}:ptr</i> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2561 | <a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2562 | href="#i_store">store</a> i32 3, i32* %ptr <i>; yields {void}</i> |
| 2563 | %val = load i32* %ptr <i>; yields {i32}:val = i32 3</i> |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2564 | </pre> |
Reid Spencer | 47ce179 | 2006-11-09 21:15:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2565 | </div> |
| 2566 | |
Chris Lattner | 2b7d320 | 2002-05-06 03:03:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2567 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2568 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2569 | <a name="i_getelementptr">'<tt>getelementptr</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2570 | </div> |
| 2571 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2572 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2573 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2574 | <pre> |
| 2575 | <result> = getelementptr <ty>* <ptrval>{, <ty> <idx>}* |
| 2576 | </pre> |
| 2577 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2578 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2579 | |
| 2580 | <p> |
| 2581 | The '<tt>getelementptr</tt>' instruction is used to get the address of a |
| 2582 | subelement of an aggregate data structure.</p> |
| 2583 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2584 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2585 | |
Reid Spencer | 85f5b5b | 2006-12-04 21:29:24 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2586 | <p>This instruction takes a list of integer operands that indicate what |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2587 | elements of the aggregate object to index to. The actual types of the arguments |
| 2588 | provided depend on the type of the first pointer argument. The |
| 2589 | '<tt>getelementptr</tt>' instruction is used to index down through the type |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2590 | levels of a structure or to a specific index in an array. When indexing into a |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2591 | structure, only <tt>i32</tt> integer constants are allowed. When indexing |
Reid Spencer | 85f5b5b | 2006-12-04 21:29:24 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2592 | into an array or pointer, only integers of 32 or 64 bits are allowed, and will |
| 2593 | be sign extended to 64-bit values.</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2594 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2595 | <p>For example, let's consider a C code fragment and how it gets |
| 2596 | compiled to LLVM:</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2597 | |
| 2598 | <pre> |
| 2599 | struct RT { |
| 2600 | char A; |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2601 | i32 B[10][20]; |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2602 | char C; |
| 2603 | }; |
| 2604 | struct ST { |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2605 | i32 X; |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2606 | double Y; |
| 2607 | struct RT Z; |
| 2608 | }; |
| 2609 | |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2610 | define i32 *foo(struct ST *s) { |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2611 | return &s[1].Z.B[5][13]; |
| 2612 | } |
| 2613 | </pre> |
| 2614 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2615 | <p>The LLVM code generated by the GCC frontend is:</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2616 | |
| 2617 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2618 | %RT = type { i8 , [10 x [20 x i32]], i8 } |
| 2619 | %ST = type { i32, double, %RT } |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2620 | |
Brian Gaeke | 7283e7c | 2004-07-02 21:08:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2621 | implementation |
| 2622 | |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2623 | define i32* %foo(%ST* %s) { |
Brian Gaeke | 7283e7c | 2004-07-02 21:08:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2624 | entry: |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2625 | %reg = getelementptr %ST* %s, i32 1, i32 2, i32 1, i32 5, i32 13 |
| 2626 | ret i32* %reg |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2627 | } |
| 2628 | </pre> |
| 2629 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2630 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2631 | |
| 2632 | <p>The index types specified for the '<tt>getelementptr</tt>' instruction depend |
John Criswell | c1f786c | 2005-05-13 22:25:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2633 | on the pointer type that is being indexed into. <a href="#t_pointer">Pointer</a> |
Reid Spencer | 85f5b5b | 2006-12-04 21:29:24 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2634 | and <a href="#t_array">array</a> types can use a 32-bit or 64-bit |
Reid Spencer | 42ddd84 | 2006-12-03 16:53:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2635 | <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> type but the value will always be sign extended |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2636 | to 64-bits. <a href="#t_struct">Structure</a> types, require <tt>i32</tt> |
Reid Spencer | 42ddd84 | 2006-12-03 16:53:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2637 | <b>constants</b>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2638 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2639 | <p>In the example above, the first index is indexing into the '<tt>%ST*</tt>' |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2640 | type, which is a pointer, yielding a '<tt>%ST</tt>' = '<tt>{ i32, double, %RT |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2641 | }</tt>' type, a structure. The second index indexes into the third element of |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2642 | the structure, yielding a '<tt>%RT</tt>' = '<tt>{ i8 , [10 x [20 x i32]], |
| 2643 | i8 }</tt>' type, another structure. The third index indexes into the second |
| 2644 | element of the structure, yielding a '<tt>[10 x [20 x i32]]</tt>' type, an |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2645 | array. The two dimensions of the array are subscripted into, yielding an |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2646 | '<tt>i32</tt>' type. The '<tt>getelementptr</tt>' instruction returns a pointer |
| 2647 | to this element, thus computing a value of '<tt>i32*</tt>' type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2648 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2649 | <p>Note that it is perfectly legal to index partially through a |
| 2650 | structure, returning a pointer to an inner element. Because of this, |
| 2651 | the LLVM code for the given testcase is equivalent to:</p> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2652 | |
| 2653 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2654 | define i32* %foo(%ST* %s) { |
| 2655 | %t1 = getelementptr %ST* %s, i32 1 <i>; yields %ST*:%t1</i> |
| 2656 | %t2 = getelementptr %ST* %t1, i32 0, i32 2 <i>; yields %RT*:%t2</i> |
| 2657 | %t3 = getelementptr %RT* %t2, i32 0, i32 1 <i>; yields [10 x [20 x i32]]*:%t3</i> |
| 2658 | %t4 = getelementptr [10 x [20 x i32]]* %t3, i32 0, i32 5 <i>; yields [20 x i32]*:%t4</i> |
| 2659 | %t5 = getelementptr [20 x i32]* %t4, i32 0, i32 13 <i>; yields i32*:%t5</i> |
| 2660 | ret i32* %t5 |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2661 | } |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2662 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | e67a951 | 2005-06-24 17:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2663 | |
| 2664 | <p>Note that it is undefined to access an array out of bounds: array and |
| 2665 | pointer indexes must always be within the defined bounds of the array type. |
| 2666 | The one exception for this rules is zero length arrays. These arrays are |
| 2667 | defined to be accessible as variable length arrays, which requires access |
| 2668 | beyond the zero'th element.</p> |
| 2669 | |
Chris Lattner | 884a970 | 2006-08-15 00:45:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2670 | <p>The getelementptr instruction is often confusing. For some more insight |
| 2671 | into how it works, see <a href="GetElementPtr.html">the getelementptr |
| 2672 | FAQ</a>.</p> |
| 2673 | |
Chris Lattner | 7faa883 | 2002-04-14 06:13:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2674 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e67a951 | 2005-06-24 17:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2675 | |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2676 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2677 | <i>; yields [12 x i8]*:aptr</i> |
| 2678 | %aptr = getelementptr {i32, [12 x i8]}* %sptr, i64 0, i32 1 |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2679 | </pre> |
Chris Lattner | f74d5c7 | 2004-04-05 01:30:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2680 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | 47ce179 | 2006-11-09 21:15:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2681 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2682 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2683 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="convertops">Conversion Operations</a> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2684 | </div> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2685 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2686 | <p>The instructions in this category are the conversion instructions (casting) |
| 2687 | which all take a single operand and a type. They perform various bit conversions |
| 2688 | on the operand.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2689 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2690 | |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2691 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2692 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2693 | <a name="i_trunc">'<tt>trunc .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2694 | </div> |
| 2695 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2696 | |
| 2697 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2698 | <pre> |
| 2699 | <result> = trunc <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2700 | </pre> |
| 2701 | |
| 2702 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2703 | <p> |
| 2704 | The '<tt>trunc</tt>' instruction truncates its operand to the type <tt>ty2</tt>. |
| 2705 | </p> |
| 2706 | |
| 2707 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2708 | <p> |
| 2709 | The '<tt>trunc</tt>' instruction takes a <tt>value</tt> to trunc, which must |
| 2710 | be an <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> type, and a type that specifies the size |
| 2711 | and type of the result, which must be an <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2712 | type. The bit size of <tt>value</tt> must be larger than the bit size of |
| 2713 | <tt>ty2</tt>. Equal sized types are not allowed.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2714 | |
| 2715 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2716 | <p> |
| 2717 | The '<tt>trunc</tt>' instruction truncates the high order bits in <tt>value</tt> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2718 | and converts the remaining bits to <tt>ty2</tt>. Since the source size must be |
| 2719 | larger than the destination size, <tt>trunc</tt> cannot be a <i>no-op cast</i>. |
| 2720 | It will always truncate bits.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2721 | |
| 2722 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2723 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2724 | %X = trunc i32 257 to i8 <i>; yields i8:1</i> |
| 2725 | %Y = trunc i32 123 to bool <i>; yields bool:true</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2726 | </pre> |
| 2727 | </div> |
| 2728 | |
| 2729 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2730 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2731 | <a name="i_zext">'<tt>zext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2732 | </div> |
| 2733 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2734 | |
| 2735 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2736 | <pre> |
| 2737 | <result> = zext <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2738 | </pre> |
| 2739 | |
| 2740 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2741 | <p>The '<tt>zext</tt>' instruction zero extends its operand to type |
| 2742 | <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
| 2743 | |
| 2744 | |
| 2745 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2746 | <p>The '<tt>zext</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be of |
| 2747 | <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type, and a type to cast it to, which must |
| 2748 | also be of <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type. The bit size of the |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2749 | <tt>value</tt> must be smaller than the bit size of the destination type, |
| 2750 | <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2751 | |
| 2752 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2753 | <p>The <tt>zext</tt> fills the high order bits of the <tt>value</tt> with zero |
| 2754 | bits until it reaches the size of the destination type, <tt>ty2</tt>. When the |
| 2755 | the operand and the type are the same size, no bit filling is done and the |
| 2756 | cast is considered a <i>no-op cast</i> because no bits change (only the type |
| 2757 | changes).</p> |
| 2758 | |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2759 | <p>When zero extending from bool, the result will alwasy be either 0 or 1.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2760 | |
| 2761 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2762 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2763 | %X = zext i32 257 to i64 <i>; yields i64:257</i> |
| 2764 | %Y = zext bool true to i32 <i>; yields i32:1</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2765 | </pre> |
| 2766 | </div> |
| 2767 | |
| 2768 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2769 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 2770 | <a name="i_sext">'<tt>sext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2771 | </div> |
| 2772 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2773 | |
| 2774 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2775 | <pre> |
| 2776 | <result> = sext <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2777 | </pre> |
| 2778 | |
| 2779 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2780 | <p>The '<tt>sext</tt>' sign extends <tt>value</tt> to the type <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
| 2781 | |
| 2782 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2783 | <p> |
| 2784 | The '<tt>sext</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be of |
| 2785 | <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type, and a type to cast it to, which must |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2786 | also be of <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type. The bit size of the |
| 2787 | <tt>value</tt> must be smaller than the bit size of the destination type, |
| 2788 | <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2789 | |
| 2790 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2791 | <p> |
| 2792 | The '<tt>sext</tt>' instruction performs a sign extension by copying the sign |
| 2793 | bit (highest order bit) of the <tt>value</tt> until it reaches the bit size of |
| 2794 | the type <tt>ty2</tt>. When the the operand and the type are the same size, |
| 2795 | no bit filling is done and the cast is considered a <i>no-op cast</i> because |
| 2796 | no bits change (only the type changes).</p> |
| 2797 | |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2798 | <p>When sign extending from bool, the extension always results in -1 or 0.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2799 | |
| 2800 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2801 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2802 | %X = sext i8 -1 to i16 <i>; yields i16 :65535</i> |
| 2803 | %Y = sext bool true to i32 <i>; yields i32:-1</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2804 | </pre> |
| 2805 | </div> |
| 2806 | |
| 2807 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2808 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 3fa91b0 | 2006-11-09 21:48:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2809 | <a name="i_fptrunc">'<tt>fptrunc .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2810 | </div> |
| 2811 | |
| 2812 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2813 | |
| 2814 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2815 | |
| 2816 | <pre> |
| 2817 | <result> = fptrunc <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2818 | </pre> |
| 2819 | |
| 2820 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2821 | <p>The '<tt>fptrunc</tt>' instruction truncates <tt>value</tt> to type |
| 2822 | <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
| 2823 | |
| 2824 | |
| 2825 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2826 | <p>The '<tt>fptrunc</tt>' instruction takes a <a href="#t_floating">floating |
| 2827 | point</a> value to cast and a <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type to |
| 2828 | cast it to. The size of <tt>value</tt> must be larger than the size of |
| 2829 | <tt>ty2</tt>. This implies that <tt>fptrunc</tt> cannot be used to make a |
| 2830 | <i>no-op cast</i>.</p> |
| 2831 | |
| 2832 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2833 | <p> The '<tt>fptrunc</tt>' instruction truncates a <tt>value</tt> from a larger |
| 2834 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type to a smaller |
| 2835 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type. If the value cannot fit within |
| 2836 | the destination type, <tt>ty2</tt>, then the results are undefined.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 3fa91b0 | 2006-11-09 21:48:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2837 | |
| 2838 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2839 | <pre> |
| 2840 | %X = fptrunc double 123.0 to float <i>; yields float:123.0</i> |
| 2841 | %Y = fptrunc double 1.0E+300 to float <i>; yields undefined</i> |
| 2842 | </pre> |
| 2843 | </div> |
| 2844 | |
| 2845 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2846 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2847 | <a name="i_fpext">'<tt>fpext .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 2848 | </div> |
| 2849 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2850 | |
| 2851 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2852 | <pre> |
| 2853 | <result> = fpext <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2854 | </pre> |
| 2855 | |
| 2856 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2857 | <p>The '<tt>fpext</tt>' extends a floating point <tt>value</tt> to a larger |
| 2858 | floating point value.</p> |
| 2859 | |
| 2860 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2861 | <p>The '<tt>fpext</tt>' instruction takes a |
| 2862 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> <tt>value</tt> to cast, |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2863 | and a <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type to cast it to. The source |
| 2864 | type must be smaller than the destination type.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2865 | |
| 2866 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2867 | <p>The '<tt>fpext</tt>' instruction extends the <tt>value</tt> from a smaller |
| 2868 | <a href="t_floating">floating point</a> type to a larger |
| 2869 | <a href="t_floating">floating point</a> type. The <tt>fpext</tt> cannot be |
| 2870 | used to make a <i>no-op cast</i> because it always changes bits. Use |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2871 | <tt>bitcast</tt> to make a <i>no-op cast</i> for a floating point cast.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2872 | |
| 2873 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2874 | <pre> |
| 2875 | %X = fpext float 3.1415 to double <i>; yields double:3.1415</i> |
| 2876 | %Y = fpext float 1.0 to float <i>; yields float:1.0 (no-op)</i> |
| 2877 | </pre> |
| 2878 | </div> |
| 2879 | |
| 2880 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2881 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2882 | <a name="i_fp2uint">'<tt>fptoui .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2883 | </div> |
| 2884 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2885 | |
| 2886 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2887 | <pre> |
| 2888 | <result> = fp2uint <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 2889 | </pre> |
| 2890 | |
| 2891 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 2892 | <p>The '<tt>fp2uint</tt>' converts a floating point <tt>value</tt> to its |
| 2893 | unsigned integer equivalent of type <tt>ty2</tt>. |
| 2894 | </p> |
| 2895 | |
| 2896 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 2897 | <p>The '<tt>fp2uint</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be a |
| 2898 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> value, and a type to cast it to, which |
| 2899 | must be an <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type.</p> |
| 2900 | |
| 2901 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 2902 | <p> The '<tt>fp2uint</tt>' instruction converts its |
| 2903 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> operand into the nearest (rounding |
| 2904 | towards zero) unsigned integer value. If the value cannot fit in <tt>ty2</tt>, |
| 2905 | the results are undefined.</p> |
| 2906 | |
| 2907 | <p>When converting to bool, the conversion is done as a comparison against |
| 2908 | zero. If the <tt>value</tt> was zero, the bool result will be <tt>false</tt>. |
| 2909 | If the <tt>value</tt> was non-zero, the bool result will be <tt>true</tt>.</p> |
| 2910 | |
| 2911 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2912 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2913 | %X = fp2uint double 123.0 to i32 <i>; yields i32:123</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2914 | %Y = fp2uint float 1.0E+300 to bool <i>; yields bool:true</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2915 | %X = fp2uint float 1.04E+17 to i8 <i>; yields undefined:1</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2916 | </pre> |
| 2917 | </div> |
| 2918 | |
| 2919 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2920 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2921 | <a name="i_fptosi">'<tt>fptosi .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2922 | </div> |
| 2923 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2924 | |
| 2925 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2926 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2927 | <result> = fptosi <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2928 | </pre> |
| 2929 | |
| 2930 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2931 | <p>The '<tt>fptosi</tt>' instruction converts |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2932 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> <tt>value</tt> to type <tt>ty2</tt>. |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2933 | </p> |
| 2934 | |
| 2935 | |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2936 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2937 | <p> The '<tt>fptosi</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be a |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2938 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> value, and a type to cast it to, which |
| 2939 | must also be an <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> type.</p> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2940 | |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2941 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2942 | <p>The '<tt>fptosi</tt>' instruction converts its |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2943 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> operand into the nearest (rounding |
| 2944 | towards zero) signed integer value. If the value cannot fit in <tt>ty2</tt>, |
| 2945 | the results are undefined.</p> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2946 | |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2947 | <p>When converting to bool, the conversion is done as a comparison against |
| 2948 | zero. If the <tt>value</tt> was zero, the bool result will be <tt>false</tt>. |
| 2949 | If the <tt>value</tt> was non-zero, the bool result will be <tt>true</tt>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2950 | |
Chris Lattner | 33ba0d9 | 2001-07-09 00:26:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2951 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2952 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2953 | %X = fptosi double -123.0 to i32 <i>; yields i32:-123</i> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2954 | %Y = fptosi float 1.0E-247 to bool <i>; yields bool:true</i> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2955 | %X = fptosi float 1.04E+17 to i8 <i>; yields undefined:1</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2956 | </pre> |
| 2957 | </div> |
| 2958 | |
| 2959 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2960 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2961 | <a name="i_uitofp">'<tt>uitofp .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2962 | </div> |
| 2963 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2964 | |
| 2965 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 2966 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2967 | <result> = uitofp <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2968 | </pre> |
| 2969 | |
| 2970 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2971 | <p>The '<tt>uitofp</tt>' instruction regards <tt>value</tt> as an unsigned |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2972 | integer and converts that value to the <tt>ty2</tt> type.</p> |
| 2973 | |
| 2974 | |
| 2975 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2976 | <p>The '<tt>uitofp</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be an |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2977 | <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> value, and a type to cast it to, which must |
| 2978 | be a <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type.</p> |
| 2979 | |
| 2980 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2981 | <p>The '<tt>uitofp</tt>' instruction interprets its operand as an unsigned |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2982 | integer quantity and converts it to the corresponding floating point value. If |
| 2983 | the value cannot fit in the floating point value, the results are undefined.</p> |
| 2984 | |
| 2985 | |
| 2986 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 2987 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2988 | %X = uitofp i32 257 to float <i>; yields float:257.0</i> |
| 2989 | %Y = uitofp i8 -1 to double <i>; yields double:255.0</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2990 | </pre> |
| 2991 | </div> |
| 2992 | |
| 2993 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 2994 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2995 | <a name="i_sitofp">'<tt>sitofp .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 2996 | </div> |
| 2997 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 2998 | |
| 2999 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3000 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3001 | <result> = sitofp <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3002 | </pre> |
| 3003 | |
| 3004 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3005 | <p>The '<tt>sitofp</tt>' instruction regards <tt>value</tt> as a signed |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3006 | integer and converts that value to the <tt>ty2</tt> type.</p> |
| 3007 | |
| 3008 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3009 | <p>The '<tt>sitofp</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be an |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3010 | <a href="#t_integral">integral</a> value, and a type to cast it to, which must be |
| 3011 | a <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a> type.</p> |
| 3012 | |
| 3013 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | d444879 | 2006-11-09 23:03:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3014 | <p>The '<tt>sitofp</tt>' instruction interprets its operand as a signed |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3015 | integer quantity and converts it to the corresponding floating point value. If |
| 3016 | the value cannot fit in the floating point value, the results are undefined.</p> |
| 3017 | |
| 3018 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3019 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3020 | %X = sitofp i32 257 to float <i>; yields float:257.0</i> |
| 3021 | %Y = sitofp i8 -1 to double <i>; yields double:-1.0</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3022 | </pre> |
| 3023 | </div> |
| 3024 | |
| 3025 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3026 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 7267925 | 2006-11-11 21:00:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3027 | <a name="i_ptrtoint">'<tt>ptrtoint .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3028 | </div> |
| 3029 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3030 | |
| 3031 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3032 | <pre> |
| 3033 | <result> = ptrtoint <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 3034 | </pre> |
| 3035 | |
| 3036 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3037 | <p>The '<tt>ptrtoint</tt>' instruction converts the pointer <tt>value</tt> to |
| 3038 | the integer type <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
| 3039 | |
| 3040 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3041 | <p>The '<tt>ptrtoint</tt>' instruction takes a <tt>value</tt> to cast, which |
| 3042 | must be a <a href="t_pointer">pointer</a> value, and a type to cast it to |
| 3043 | <tt>ty2</tt>, which must be an <a href="#t_integer">integer</a> type. |
| 3044 | |
| 3045 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3046 | <p>The '<tt>ptrtoint</tt>' instruction converts <tt>value</tt> to integer type |
| 3047 | <tt>ty2</tt> by interpreting the pointer value as an integer and either |
| 3048 | truncating or zero extending that value to the size of the integer type. If |
| 3049 | <tt>value</tt> is smaller than <tt>ty2</tt> then a zero extension is done. If |
| 3050 | <tt>value</tt> is larger than <tt>ty2</tt> then a truncation is done. If they |
| 3051 | are the same size, then nothing is done (<i>no-op cast</i>).</p> |
| 3052 | |
| 3053 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3054 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3055 | %X = ptrtoint i32* %X to i8 <i>; yields truncation on 32-bit</i> |
| 3056 | %Y = ptrtoint i32* %x to i64 <i>; yields zero extend on 32-bit</i> |
Reid Spencer | 7267925 | 2006-11-11 21:00:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3057 | </pre> |
| 3058 | </div> |
| 3059 | |
| 3060 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3061 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3062 | <a name="i_inttoptr">'<tt>inttoptr .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3063 | </div> |
| 3064 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3065 | |
| 3066 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3067 | <pre> |
| 3068 | <result> = inttoptr <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
| 3069 | </pre> |
| 3070 | |
| 3071 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3072 | <p>The '<tt>inttoptr</tt>' instruction converts an integer <tt>value</tt> to |
| 3073 | a pointer type, <tt>ty2</tt>.</p> |
| 3074 | |
| 3075 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3076 | <p>The '<tt>inttoptr</tt>' instruction takes an <a href="i_integer">integer</a> |
| 3077 | value to cast, and a type to cast it to, which must be a |
| 3078 | <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> type. </tt> |
| 3079 | |
| 3080 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3081 | <p>The '<tt>inttoptr</tt>' instruction converts <tt>value</tt> to type |
| 3082 | <tt>ty2</tt> by applying either a zero extension or a truncation depending on |
| 3083 | the size of the integer <tt>value</tt>. If <tt>value</tt> is larger than the |
| 3084 | size of a pointer then a truncation is done. If <tt>value</tt> is smaller than |
| 3085 | the size of a pointer then a zero extension is done. If they are the same size, |
| 3086 | nothing is done (<i>no-op cast</i>).</p> |
| 3087 | |
| 3088 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3089 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3090 | %X = inttoptr i32 255 to i32* <i>; yields zero extend on 64-bit</i> |
| 3091 | %X = inttoptr i32 255 to i32* <i>; yields no-op on 32-bit </i> |
| 3092 | %Y = inttoptr i16 0 to i32* <i>; yields zero extend on 32-bit</i> |
Reid Spencer | 7267925 | 2006-11-11 21:00:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3093 | </pre> |
| 3094 | </div> |
| 3095 | |
| 3096 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3097 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3098 | <a name="i_bitcast">'<tt>bitcast .. to</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3099 | </div> |
| 3100 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3101 | |
| 3102 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3103 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3104 | <result> = bitcast <ty> <value> to <ty2> <i>; yields ty2</i> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3105 | </pre> |
| 3106 | |
| 3107 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3108 | <p>The '<tt>bitcast</tt>' instruction converts <tt>value</tt> to type |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3109 | <tt>ty2</tt> without changing any bits.</p> |
| 3110 | |
| 3111 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3112 | <p>The '<tt>bitcast</tt>' instruction takes a value to cast, which must be |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3113 | a first class value, and a type to cast it to, which must also be a <a |
| 3114 | href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> type. The bit sizes of <tt>value</tt> |
| 3115 | and the destination type, <tt>ty2</tt>, must be identical.</p> |
| 3116 | |
| 3117 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | 5c0ef47 | 2006-11-11 23:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3118 | <p>The '<tt>bitcast</tt>' instruction converts <tt>value</tt> to type |
Reid Spencer | 7267925 | 2006-11-11 21:00:47 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3119 | <tt>ty2</tt>. It is always a <i>no-op cast</i> because no bits change with |
| 3120 | this conversion. The conversion is done as if the <tt>value</tt> had been |
| 3121 | stored to memory and read back as type <tt>ty2</tt>. Pointer types may only be |
| 3122 | converted to other pointer types with this instruction. To convert pointers to |
| 3123 | other types, use the <a href="#i_inttoptr">inttoptr</a> or |
| 3124 | <a href="#i_ptrtoint">ptrtoint</a> instructions first.</p> |
Reid Spencer | 9dee3ac | 2006-11-08 01:11:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3125 | |
| 3126 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3127 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3128 | %X = bitcast i8 255 to i8 <i>; yields i8 :-1</i> |
| 3129 | %Y = bitcast i32* %x to sint* <i>; yields sint*:%x</i> |
| 3130 | %Z = bitcast <2xint> %V to i64; <i>; yields i64: %V</i> |
Chris Lattner | 33ba0d9 | 2001-07-09 00:26:23 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3131 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3132 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3133 | |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3134 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 3135 | <div class="doc_subsection"> <a name="otherops">Other Operations</a> </div> |
| 3136 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3137 | <p>The instructions in this category are the "miscellaneous" |
| 3138 | instructions, which defy better classification.</p> |
| 3139 | </div> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3140 | |
| 3141 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3142 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"><a name="i_icmp">'<tt>icmp</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3143 | </div> |
| 3144 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3145 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3146 | <pre> <result> = icmp <cond> <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {bool}:result</i> |
| 3147 | </pre> |
| 3148 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3149 | <p>The '<tt>icmp</tt>' instruction returns a boolean value based on comparison |
| 3150 | of its two integer operands.</p> |
| 3151 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3152 | <p>The '<tt>icmp</tt>' instruction takes three operands. The first operand is |
| 3153 | the condition code which indicates the kind of comparison to perform. It is not |
| 3154 | a value, just a keyword. The possibilities for the condition code are: |
| 3155 | <ol> |
| 3156 | <li><tt>eq</tt>: equal</li> |
| 3157 | <li><tt>ne</tt>: not equal </li> |
| 3158 | <li><tt>ugt</tt>: unsigned greater than</li> |
| 3159 | <li><tt>uge</tt>: unsigned greater or equal</li> |
| 3160 | <li><tt>ult</tt>: unsigned less than</li> |
| 3161 | <li><tt>ule</tt>: unsigned less or equal</li> |
| 3162 | <li><tt>sgt</tt>: signed greater than</li> |
| 3163 | <li><tt>sge</tt>: signed greater or equal</li> |
| 3164 | <li><tt>slt</tt>: signed less than</li> |
| 3165 | <li><tt>sle</tt>: signed less or equal</li> |
| 3166 | </ol> |
| 3167 | <p>The remaining two arguments must be of <a href="#t_integral">integral</a>, |
| 3168 | <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> or a <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> integral |
| 3169 | type. They must have identical types.</p> |
| 3170 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3171 | <p>The '<tt>icmp</tt>' compares <tt>var1</tt> and <tt>var2</tt> according to |
| 3172 | the condition code given as <tt>cond</tt>. The comparison performed always |
| 3173 | yields a <a href="#t_bool">bool</a> result, as follows: |
| 3174 | <ol> |
| 3175 | <li><tt>eq</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if the operands are equal, |
| 3176 | <tt>false</tt> otherwise. No sign interpretation is necessary or performed. |
| 3177 | </li> |
| 3178 | <li><tt>ne</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if the operands are unequal, |
| 3179 | <tt>false</tt> otherwise. No sign interpretation is necessary or performed. |
| 3180 | <li><tt>ugt</tt>: interprets the operands as unsigned values and yields |
| 3181 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is greater than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3182 | <li><tt>uge</tt>: interprets the operands as unsigned values and yields |
| 3183 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is greater than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3184 | <li><tt>ult</tt>: interprets the operands as unsigned values and yields |
| 3185 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is less than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3186 | <li><tt>ule</tt>: interprets the operands as unsigned values and yields |
| 3187 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is less than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3188 | <li><tt>sgt</tt>: interprets the operands as signed values and yields |
| 3189 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is greater than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3190 | <li><tt>sge</tt>: interprets the operands as signed values and yields |
| 3191 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is greater than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3192 | <li><tt>slt</tt>: interprets the operands as signed values and yields |
| 3193 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is less than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3194 | <li><tt>sle</tt>: interprets the operands as signed values and yields |
| 3195 | <tt>true</tt> if <tt>var1</tt> is less than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
| 3196 | </li> |
| 3197 | </ol> |
| 3198 | <p>If the operands are <a href="#t_pointer">pointer</a> typed, the pointer |
| 3199 | values are treated as integers and then compared.</p> |
| 3200 | <p>If the operands are <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> typed, the elements of |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3201 | the vector are compared in turn and the predicate must hold for all |
| 3202 | elements.</p> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3203 | |
| 3204 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3205 | <pre> <result> = icmp eq i32 4, 5 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3206 | <result> = icmp ne float* %X, %X <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3207 | <result> = icmp ult i16 4, 5 <i>; yields: result=true</i> |
| 3208 | <result> = icmp sgt i16 4, 5 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3209 | <result> = icmp ule i16 -4, 5 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3210 | <result> = icmp sge i16 4, 5 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3211 | </pre> |
| 3212 | </div> |
| 3213 | |
| 3214 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3215 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"><a name="i_fcmp">'<tt>fcmp</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3216 | </div> |
| 3217 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3218 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3219 | <pre> <result> = fcmp <cond> <ty> <var1>, <var2> <i>; yields {bool}:result</i> |
| 3220 | </pre> |
| 3221 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3222 | <p>The '<tt>fcmp</tt>' instruction returns a boolean value based on comparison |
| 3223 | of its floating point operands.</p> |
| 3224 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3225 | <p>The '<tt>fcmp</tt>' instruction takes three operands. The first operand is |
| 3226 | the condition code which indicates the kind of comparison to perform. It is not |
| 3227 | a value, just a keyword. The possibilities for the condition code are: |
| 3228 | <ol> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3229 | <li><tt>false</tt>: no comparison, always returns false</li> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3230 | <li><tt>oeq</tt>: ordered and equal</li> |
| 3231 | <li><tt>ogt</tt>: ordered and greater than </li> |
| 3232 | <li><tt>oge</tt>: ordered and greater than or equal</li> |
| 3233 | <li><tt>olt</tt>: ordered and less than </li> |
| 3234 | <li><tt>ole</tt>: ordered and less than or equal</li> |
| 3235 | <li><tt>one</tt>: ordered and not equal</li> |
| 3236 | <li><tt>ord</tt>: ordered (no nans)</li> |
| 3237 | <li><tt>ueq</tt>: unordered or equal</li> |
| 3238 | <li><tt>ugt</tt>: unordered or greater than </li> |
| 3239 | <li><tt>uge</tt>: unordered or greater than or equal</li> |
| 3240 | <li><tt>ult</tt>: unordered or less than </li> |
| 3241 | <li><tt>ule</tt>: unordered or less than or equal</li> |
| 3242 | <li><tt>une</tt>: unordered or not equal</li> |
| 3243 | <li><tt>uno</tt>: unordered (either nans)</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3244 | <li><tt>true</tt>: no comparison, always returns true</li> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3245 | </ol> |
Reid Spencer | 93a4985 | 2006-12-06 07:08:07 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3246 | <p>In the preceding, <i>ordered</i> means that neither operand is a QNAN while |
| 3247 | <i>unordered</i> means that either operand may be a QNAN.</p> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3248 | <p>The <tt>val1</tt> and <tt>val2</tt> arguments must be of |
| 3249 | <a href="#t_floating">floating point</a>, or a <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> |
| 3250 | floating point type. They must have identical types.</p> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3251 | <p>In the foregoing, <i>ordered</i> means that neither operand is a QNAN and |
| 3252 | <i>unordered</i> means that either operand is a QNAN.</p> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3253 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3254 | <p>The '<tt>fcmp</tt>' compares <tt>var1</tt> and <tt>var2</tt> according to |
| 3255 | the condition code given as <tt>cond</tt>. The comparison performed always |
| 3256 | yields a <a href="#t_bool">bool</a> result, as follows: |
| 3257 | <ol> |
| 3258 | <li><tt>false</tt>: always yields <tt>false</tt>, regardless of operands.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3259 | <li><tt>oeq</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3260 | <tt>var1</tt> is equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3261 | <li><tt>ogt</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3262 | <tt>var1</tt> is greather than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3263 | <li><tt>oge</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3264 | <tt>var1</tt> is greater than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3265 | <li><tt>olt</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3266 | <tt>var1</tt> is less than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3267 | <li><tt>ole</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3268 | <tt>var1</tt> is less than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3269 | <li><tt>one</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN and |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3270 | <tt>var1</tt> is not equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3271 | <li><tt>ord</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if both operands are not a QNAN.</li> |
| 3272 | <li><tt>ueq</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3273 | <tt>var1</tt> is equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3274 | <li><tt>ugt</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3275 | <tt>var1</tt> is greater than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3276 | <li><tt>uge</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3277 | <tt>var1</tt> is greater than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3278 | <li><tt>ult</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3279 | <tt>var1</tt> is less than <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3280 | <li><tt>ule</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3281 | <tt>var1</tt> is less than or equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3282 | <li><tt>une</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN or |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3283 | <tt>var1</tt> is not equal to <tt>var2</tt>.</li> |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3284 | <li><tt>uno</tt>: yields <tt>true</tt> if either operand is a QNAN.</li> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3285 | <li><tt>true</tt>: always yields <tt>true</tt>, regardless of operands.</li> |
| 3286 | </ol> |
| 3287 | <p>If the operands are <a href="#t_packed">packed</a> typed, the elements of |
| 3288 | the vector are compared in turn and the predicate must hold for all elements. |
Reid Spencer | b7f2628 | 2006-11-19 03:00:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3289 | </p> |
Reid Spencer | f3a70a6 | 2006-11-18 21:50:54 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3290 | |
| 3291 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3292 | <pre> <result> = fcmp oeq float 4.0, 5.0 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3293 | <result> = icmp one float 4.0, 5.0 <i>; yields: result=true</i> |
| 3294 | <result> = icmp olt float 4.0, 5.0 <i>; yields: result=true</i> |
| 3295 | <result> = icmp ueq double 1.0, 2.0 <i>; yields: result=false</i> |
| 3296 | </pre> |
| 3297 | </div> |
| 3298 | |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3299 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3300 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> <a name="i_phi">'<tt>phi</tt>' |
| 3301 | Instruction</a> </div> |
| 3302 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3303 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3304 | <pre> <result> = phi <ty> [ <val0>, <label0>], ...<br></pre> |
| 3305 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3306 | <p>The '<tt>phi</tt>' instruction is used to implement the φ node in |
| 3307 | the SSA graph representing the function.</p> |
| 3308 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3309 | <p>The type of the incoming values are specified with the first type |
| 3310 | field. After this, the '<tt>phi</tt>' instruction takes a list of pairs |
| 3311 | as arguments, with one pair for each predecessor basic block of the |
| 3312 | current block. Only values of <a href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> |
| 3313 | type may be used as the value arguments to the PHI node. Only labels |
| 3314 | may be used as the label arguments.</p> |
| 3315 | <p>There must be no non-phi instructions between the start of a basic |
| 3316 | block and the PHI instructions: i.e. PHI instructions must be first in |
| 3317 | a basic block.</p> |
| 3318 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3319 | <p>At runtime, the '<tt>phi</tt>' instruction logically takes on the |
| 3320 | value specified by the parameter, depending on which basic block we |
| 3321 | came from in the last <a href="#terminators">terminator</a> instruction.</p> |
| 3322 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3323 | <pre>Loop: ; Infinite loop that counts from 0 on up...<br> %indvar = phi i32 [ 0, %LoopHeader ], [ %nextindvar, %Loop ]<br> %nextindvar = add i32 %indvar, 1<br> br label %Loop<br></pre> |
Reid Spencer | 2fd21e6 | 2006-11-08 01:18:52 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3324 | </div> |
| 3325 | |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3326 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3327 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3328 | <a name="i_select">'<tt>select</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3329 | </div> |
| 3330 | |
| 3331 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3332 | |
| 3333 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3334 | |
| 3335 | <pre> |
| 3336 | <result> = select bool <cond>, <ty> <val1>, <ty> <val2> <i>; yields ty</i> |
| 3337 | </pre> |
| 3338 | |
| 3339 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3340 | |
| 3341 | <p> |
| 3342 | The '<tt>select</tt>' instruction is used to choose one value based on a |
| 3343 | condition, without branching. |
| 3344 | </p> |
| 3345 | |
| 3346 | |
| 3347 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3348 | |
| 3349 | <p> |
| 3350 | The '<tt>select</tt>' instruction requires a boolean value indicating the condition, and two values of the same <a href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> type. |
| 3351 | </p> |
| 3352 | |
| 3353 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3354 | |
| 3355 | <p> |
| 3356 | If the boolean condition evaluates to true, the instruction returns the first |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3357 | value argument; otherwise, it returns the second value argument. |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3358 | </p> |
| 3359 | |
| 3360 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
| 3361 | |
| 3362 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3363 | %X = select bool true, i8 17, i8 42 <i>; yields i8:17</i> |
Chris Lattner | cc37aae | 2004-03-12 05:50:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3364 | </pre> |
| 3365 | </div> |
| 3366 | |
Robert Bocchino | 05ccd70 | 2006-01-15 20:48:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3367 | |
| 3368 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3369 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3370 | <a name="i_call">'<tt>call</tt>' Instruction</a> |
| 3371 | </div> |
| 3372 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3373 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3374 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3375 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3376 | <pre> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3377 | <result> = [tail] call [<a href="#callingconv">cconv</a>] <ty>* <fnptrval>(<param list>) |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3378 | </pre> |
| 3379 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3380 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3381 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3382 | <p>The '<tt>call</tt>' instruction represents a simple function call.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3383 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3384 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3385 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3386 | <p>This instruction requires several arguments:</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3387 | |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3388 | <ol> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3389 | <li> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3390 | <p>The optional "tail" marker indicates whether the callee function accesses |
| 3391 | any allocas or varargs in the caller. If the "tail" marker is present, the |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3392 | function call is eligible for tail call optimization. Note that calls may |
| 3393 | be marked "tail" even if they do not occur before a <a |
| 3394 | href="#i_ret"><tt>ret</tt></a> instruction. |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3395 | </li> |
| 3396 | <li> |
Chris Lattner | bad10ee | 2005-05-06 22:57:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3397 | <p>The optional "cconv" marker indicates which <a href="callingconv">calling |
| 3398 | convention</a> the call should use. If none is specified, the call defaults |
| 3399 | to using C calling conventions. |
| 3400 | </li> |
| 3401 | <li> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3402 | <p>'<tt>ty</tt>': shall be the signature of the pointer to function value |
| 3403 | being invoked. The argument types must match the types implied by this |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3404 | signature. This type can be omitted if the function is not varargs and |
| 3405 | if the function type does not return a pointer to a function.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3406 | </li> |
| 3407 | <li> |
| 3408 | <p>'<tt>fnptrval</tt>': An LLVM value containing a pointer to a function to |
| 3409 | be invoked. In most cases, this is a direct function invocation, but |
| 3410 | indirect <tt>call</tt>s are just as possible, calling an arbitrary pointer |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3411 | to function value.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3412 | </li> |
| 3413 | <li> |
| 3414 | <p>'<tt>function args</tt>': argument list whose types match the |
Reid Spencer | a7e302a | 2005-05-01 22:22:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3415 | function signature argument types. All arguments must be of |
| 3416 | <a href="#t_firstclass">first class</a> type. If the function signature |
| 3417 | indicates the function accepts a variable number of arguments, the extra |
| 3418 | arguments can be specified.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3419 | </li> |
Chris Lattner | 6536cfe | 2002-05-06 22:08:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3420 | </ol> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3421 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3422 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3423 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3424 | <p>The '<tt>call</tt>' instruction is used to cause control flow to |
| 3425 | transfer to a specified function, with its incoming arguments bound to |
| 3426 | the specified values. Upon a '<tt><a href="#i_ret">ret</a></tt>' |
| 3427 | instruction in the called function, control flow continues with the |
| 3428 | instruction after the function call, and the return value of the |
| 3429 | function is bound to the result argument. This is a simpler case of |
| 3430 | the <a href="#i_invoke">invoke</a> instruction.</p> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3431 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3432 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3433 | |
| 3434 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3435 | %retval = call i32 %test(i32 %argc) |
| 3436 | call i32(i8 *, ...) *%printf(i8 * %msg, i32 12, i8 42); |
| 3437 | %X = tail call i32 %foo() |
| 3438 | %Y = tail call <a href="#callingconv">fastcc</a> i32 %foo() |
Chris Lattner | 2bff524 | 2005-05-06 05:47:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3439 | </pre> |
| 3440 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3441 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3442 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3443 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3444 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | fb6977d | 2006-01-13 23:26:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3445 | <a name="i_va_arg">'<tt>va_arg</tt>' Instruction</a> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3446 | </div> |
| 3447 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3448 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3449 | |
Chris Lattner | 8d1a81d | 2003-10-18 05:51:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3450 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3451 | |
| 3452 | <pre> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3453 | <resultval> = va_arg <va_list*> <arglist>, <argty> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3454 | </pre> |
| 3455 | |
Chris Lattner | 8d1a81d | 2003-10-18 05:51:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3456 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3457 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3458 | <p>The '<tt>va_arg</tt>' instruction is used to access arguments passed through |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3459 | the "variable argument" area of a function call. It is used to implement the |
| 3460 | <tt>va_arg</tt> macro in C.</p> |
| 3461 | |
Chris Lattner | 8d1a81d | 2003-10-18 05:51:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3462 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3463 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3464 | <p>This instruction takes a <tt>va_list*</tt> value and the type of |
| 3465 | the argument. It returns a value of the specified argument type and |
Jeff Cohen | 25d4f7e | 2005-11-11 02:15:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3466 | increments the <tt>va_list</tt> to point to the next argument. Again, the |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3467 | actual type of <tt>va_list</tt> is target specific.</p> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3468 | |
Chris Lattner | 8d1a81d | 2003-10-18 05:51:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3469 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3470 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3471 | <p>The '<tt>va_arg</tt>' instruction loads an argument of the specified |
| 3472 | type from the specified <tt>va_list</tt> and causes the |
| 3473 | <tt>va_list</tt> to point to the next argument. For more information, |
| 3474 | see the variable argument handling <a href="#int_varargs">Intrinsic |
| 3475 | Functions</a>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3476 | |
| 3477 | <p>It is legal for this instruction to be called in a function which does not |
| 3478 | take a variable number of arguments, for example, the <tt>vfprintf</tt> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3479 | function.</p> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3480 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3481 | <p><tt>va_arg</tt> is an LLVM instruction instead of an <a |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3482 | href="#intrinsics">intrinsic function</a> because it takes a type as an |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3483 | argument.</p> |
| 3484 | |
Chris Lattner | 8d1a81d | 2003-10-18 05:51:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3485 | <h5>Example:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | e19d7a7 | 2004-09-27 21:51:25 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3486 | |
| 3487 | <p>See the <a href="#int_varargs">variable argument processing</a> section.</p> |
| 3488 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3489 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3490 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3491 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3492 | <div class="doc_section"> <a name="intrinsics">Intrinsic Functions</a> </div> |
| 3493 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3494 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3495 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3496 | |
| 3497 | <p>LLVM supports the notion of an "intrinsic function". These functions have |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3498 | well known names and semantics and are required to follow certain |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3499 | restrictions. Overall, these instructions represent an extension mechanism for |
| 3500 | the LLVM language that does not require changing all of the transformations in |
| 3501 | LLVM to add to the language (or the bytecode reader/writer, the parser, |
| 3502 | etc...).</p> |
| 3503 | |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3504 | <p>Intrinsic function names must all start with an "<tt>llvm.</tt>" prefix. This |
| 3505 | prefix is reserved in LLVM for intrinsic names; thus, functions may not be named |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3506 | this. Intrinsic functions must always be external functions: you cannot define |
| 3507 | the body of intrinsic functions. Intrinsic functions may only be used in call |
| 3508 | or invoke instructions: it is illegal to take the address of an intrinsic |
| 3509 | function. Additionally, because intrinsic functions are part of the LLVM |
| 3510 | language, it is required that they all be documented here if any are added.</p> |
| 3511 | |
| 3512 | |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3513 | <p>To learn how to add an intrinsic function, please see the <a |
Chris Lattner | 590cff3 | 2005-05-11 03:35:57 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3514 | href="ExtendingLLVM.html">Extending LLVM Guide</a>. |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3515 | </p> |
| 3516 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3517 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3518 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3519 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3520 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 3521 | <a name="int_varargs">Variable Argument Handling Intrinsics</a> |
| 3522 | </div> |
| 3523 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3524 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3525 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3526 | <p>Variable argument support is defined in LLVM with the <a |
Chris Lattner | fb6977d | 2006-01-13 23:26:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3527 | href="#i_va_arg"><tt>va_arg</tt></a> instruction and these three |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3528 | intrinsic functions. These functions are related to the similarly |
| 3529 | named macros defined in the <tt><stdarg.h></tt> header file.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3530 | |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3531 | <p>All of these functions operate on arguments that use a |
| 3532 | target-specific value type "<tt>va_list</tt>". The LLVM assembly |
| 3533 | language reference manual does not define what this type is, so all |
| 3534 | transformations should be prepared to handle intrinsics with any type |
| 3535 | used.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3536 | |
Chris Lattner | 374ab30 | 2006-05-15 17:26:46 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3537 | <p>This example shows how the <a href="#i_va_arg"><tt>va_arg</tt></a> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3538 | instruction and the variable argument handling intrinsic functions are |
| 3539 | used.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3540 | |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3541 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3542 | define i32 %test(i32 %X, ...) { |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3543 | ; Initialize variable argument processing |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3544 | %ap = alloca i8 * |
| 3545 | call void %<a href="#i_va_start">llvm.va_start</a>(i8 ** %ap) |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3546 | |
| 3547 | ; Read a single integer argument |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3548 | %tmp = va_arg i8 ** %ap, i32 |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3549 | |
| 3550 | ; Demonstrate usage of llvm.va_copy and llvm.va_end |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3551 | %aq = alloca i8 * |
| 3552 | call void %<a href="#i_va_copy">llvm.va_copy</a>(i8 ** %aq, i8 ** %ap) |
| 3553 | call void %<a href="#i_va_end">llvm.va_end</a>(i8 ** %aq) |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3554 | |
| 3555 | ; Stop processing of arguments. |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3556 | call void %<a href="#i_va_end">llvm.va_end</a>(i8 ** %ap) |
| 3557 | ret i32 %tmp |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3558 | } |
| 3559 | </pre> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3560 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3561 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3562 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3563 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3564 | <a name="i_va_start">'<tt>llvm.va_start</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3565 | </div> |
| 3566 | |
| 3567 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3568 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3569 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3570 | <pre> declare void %llvm.va_start(<va_list>* <arglist>)<br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3571 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3572 | <P>The '<tt>llvm.va_start</tt>' intrinsic initializes |
| 3573 | <tt>*<arglist></tt> for subsequent use by <tt><a |
| 3574 | href="#i_va_arg">va_arg</a></tt>.</p> |
| 3575 | |
| 3576 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3577 | |
| 3578 | <P>The argument is a pointer to a <tt>va_list</tt> element to initialize.</p> |
| 3579 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3580 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3581 | |
| 3582 | <P>The '<tt>llvm.va_start</tt>' intrinsic works just like the <tt>va_start</tt> |
| 3583 | macro available in C. In a target-dependent way, it initializes the |
| 3584 | <tt>va_list</tt> element the argument points to, so that the next call to |
| 3585 | <tt>va_arg</tt> will produce the first variable argument passed to the function. |
| 3586 | Unlike the C <tt>va_start</tt> macro, this intrinsic does not need to know the |
| 3587 | last argument of the function, the compiler can figure that out.</p> |
| 3588 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3589 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3590 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3591 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3592 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3593 | <a name="i_va_end">'<tt>llvm.va_end</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3594 | </div> |
| 3595 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3596 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3597 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3598 | <pre> declare void %llvm.va_end(<va_list*> <arglist>)<br></pre> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3599 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3600 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.va_end</tt>' intrinsic destroys <tt><arglist></tt> |
| 3601 | which has been initialized previously with <tt><a href="#i_va_start">llvm.va_start</a></tt> |
| 3602 | or <tt><a href="#i_va_copy">llvm.va_copy</a></tt>.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3603 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3604 | <p>The argument is a <tt>va_list</tt> to destroy.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3605 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3606 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.va_end</tt>' intrinsic works just like the <tt>va_end</tt> |
Chris Lattner | 261efe9 | 2003-11-25 01:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3607 | macro available in C. In a target-dependent way, it destroys the <tt>va_list</tt>. |
| 3608 | Calls to <a href="#i_va_start"><tt>llvm.va_start</tt></a> and <a |
| 3609 | href="#i_va_copy"><tt>llvm.va_copy</tt></a> must be matched exactly |
| 3610 | with calls to <tt>llvm.va_end</tt>.</p> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3611 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3612 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3613 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3614 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3615 | <a name="i_va_copy">'<tt>llvm.va_copy</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3616 | </div> |
| 3617 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3618 | <div class="doc_text"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3619 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3620 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3621 | |
| 3622 | <pre> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3623 | declare void %llvm.va_copy(<va_list>* <destarglist>, |
Andrew Lenharth | d0a4c62 | 2005-06-22 20:38:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3624 | <va_list>* <srcarglist>) |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3625 | </pre> |
| 3626 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3627 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3628 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3629 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.va_copy</tt>' intrinsic copies the current argument position from |
| 3630 | the source argument list to the destination argument list.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3631 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3632 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3633 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3634 | <p>The first argument is a pointer to a <tt>va_list</tt> element to initialize. |
Andrew Lenharth | d0a4c62 | 2005-06-22 20:38:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3635 | The second argument is a pointer to a <tt>va_list</tt> element to copy from.</p> |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3636 | |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3637 | |
Chris Lattner | d9ad5b3 | 2003-05-08 04:57:36 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3638 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3639 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 8bf607a | 2005-06-18 18:28:17 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3640 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.va_copy</tt>' intrinsic works just like the <tt>va_copy</tt> macro |
| 3641 | available in C. In a target-dependent way, it copies the source |
| 3642 | <tt>va_list</tt> element into the destination list. This intrinsic is necessary |
| 3643 | because the <tt><a href="i_va_begin">llvm.va_begin</a></tt> intrinsic may be |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3644 | arbitrarily complex and require memory allocation, for example.</p> |
| 3645 | |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3646 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3647 | |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3648 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 3649 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3650 | <a name="int_gc">Accurate Garbage Collection Intrinsics</a> |
| 3651 | </div> |
| 3652 | |
| 3653 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3654 | |
| 3655 | <p> |
| 3656 | LLVM support for <a href="GarbageCollection.html">Accurate Garbage |
| 3657 | Collection</a> requires the implementation and generation of these intrinsics. |
| 3658 | These intrinsics allow identification of <a href="#i_gcroot">GC roots on the |
| 3659 | stack</a>, as well as garbage collector implementations that require <a |
| 3660 | href="#i_gcread">read</a> and <a href="#i_gcwrite">write</a> barriers. |
| 3661 | Front-ends for type-safe garbage collected languages should generate these |
| 3662 | intrinsics to make use of the LLVM garbage collectors. For more details, see <a |
| 3663 | href="GarbageCollection.html">Accurate Garbage Collection with LLVM</a>. |
| 3664 | </p> |
| 3665 | </div> |
| 3666 | |
| 3667 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3668 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3669 | <a name="i_gcroot">'<tt>llvm.gcroot</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3670 | </div> |
| 3671 | |
| 3672 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3673 | |
| 3674 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3675 | |
| 3676 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | a8d451e | 2005-04-26 20:50:44 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3677 | declare void %llvm.gcroot(<ty>** %ptrloc, <ty2>* %metadata) |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3678 | </pre> |
| 3679 | |
| 3680 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3681 | |
John Criswell | 9e2485c | 2004-12-10 15:51:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3682 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.gcroot</tt>' intrinsic declares the existence of a GC root to |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3683 | the code generator, and allows some metadata to be associated with it.</p> |
| 3684 | |
| 3685 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3686 | |
| 3687 | <p>The first argument specifies the address of a stack object that contains the |
| 3688 | root pointer. The second pointer (which must be either a constant or a global |
| 3689 | value address) contains the meta-data to be associated with the root.</p> |
| 3690 | |
| 3691 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3692 | |
| 3693 | <p>At runtime, a call to this intrinsics stores a null pointer into the "ptrloc" |
| 3694 | location. At compile-time, the code generator generates information to allow |
| 3695 | the runtime to find the pointer at GC safe points. |
| 3696 | </p> |
| 3697 | |
| 3698 | </div> |
| 3699 | |
| 3700 | |
| 3701 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3702 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3703 | <a name="i_gcread">'<tt>llvm.gcread</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3704 | </div> |
| 3705 | |
| 3706 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3707 | |
| 3708 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3709 | |
| 3710 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3711 | declare i8 * %llvm.gcread(i8 * %ObjPtr, i8 ** %Ptr) |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3712 | </pre> |
| 3713 | |
| 3714 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3715 | |
| 3716 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.gcread</tt>' intrinsic identifies reads of references from heap |
| 3717 | locations, allowing garbage collector implementations that require read |
| 3718 | barriers.</p> |
| 3719 | |
| 3720 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3721 | |
Chris Lattner | 80626e9 | 2006-03-14 20:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3722 | <p>The second argument is the address to read from, which should be an address |
| 3723 | allocated from the garbage collector. The first object is a pointer to the |
| 3724 | start of the referenced object, if needed by the language runtime (otherwise |
| 3725 | null).</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3726 | |
| 3727 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3728 | |
| 3729 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.gcread</tt>' intrinsic has the same semantics as a load |
| 3730 | instruction, but may be replaced with substantially more complex code by the |
| 3731 | garbage collector runtime, as needed.</p> |
| 3732 | |
| 3733 | </div> |
| 3734 | |
| 3735 | |
| 3736 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3737 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3738 | <a name="i_gcwrite">'<tt>llvm.gcwrite</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3739 | </div> |
| 3740 | |
| 3741 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3742 | |
| 3743 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3744 | |
| 3745 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3746 | declare void %llvm.gcwrite(i8 * %P1, i8 * %Obj, i8 ** %P2) |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3747 | </pre> |
| 3748 | |
| 3749 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3750 | |
| 3751 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.gcwrite</tt>' intrinsic identifies writes of references to heap |
| 3752 | locations, allowing garbage collector implementations that require write |
| 3753 | barriers (such as generational or reference counting collectors).</p> |
| 3754 | |
| 3755 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3756 | |
Chris Lattner | 80626e9 | 2006-03-14 20:02:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3757 | <p>The first argument is the reference to store, the second is the start of the |
| 3758 | object to store it to, and the third is the address of the field of Obj to |
| 3759 | store to. If the runtime does not require a pointer to the object, Obj may be |
| 3760 | null.</p> |
Chris Lattner | d792391 | 2004-05-23 21:06:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3761 | |
| 3762 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3763 | |
| 3764 | <p>The '<tt>llvm.gcwrite</tt>' intrinsic has the same semantics as a store |
| 3765 | instruction, but may be replaced with substantially more complex code by the |
| 3766 | garbage collector runtime, as needed.</p> |
| 3767 | |
| 3768 | </div> |
| 3769 | |
| 3770 | |
| 3771 | |
| 3772 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 3773 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3774 | <a name="int_codegen">Code Generator Intrinsics</a> |
| 3775 | </div> |
| 3776 | |
| 3777 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3778 | <p> |
| 3779 | These intrinsics are provided by LLVM to expose special features that may only |
| 3780 | be implemented with code generator support. |
| 3781 | </p> |
| 3782 | |
| 3783 | </div> |
| 3784 | |
| 3785 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3786 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3787 | <a name="i_returnaddress">'<tt>llvm.returnaddress</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3788 | </div> |
| 3789 | |
| 3790 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3791 | |
| 3792 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3793 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3794 | declare i8 *%llvm.returnaddress(i32 <level>) |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3795 | </pre> |
| 3796 | |
| 3797 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3798 | |
| 3799 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 32b5d71 | 2006-10-15 20:05:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3800 | The '<tt>llvm.returnaddress</tt>' intrinsic attempts to compute a |
| 3801 | target-specific value indicating the return address of the current function |
| 3802 | or one of its callers. |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3803 | </p> |
| 3804 | |
| 3805 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3806 | |
| 3807 | <p> |
| 3808 | The argument to this intrinsic indicates which function to return the address |
| 3809 | for. Zero indicates the calling function, one indicates its caller, etc. The |
| 3810 | argument is <b>required</b> to be a constant integer value. |
| 3811 | </p> |
| 3812 | |
| 3813 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3814 | |
| 3815 | <p> |
| 3816 | The '<tt>llvm.returnaddress</tt>' intrinsic either returns a pointer indicating |
| 3817 | the return address of the specified call frame, or zero if it cannot be |
| 3818 | identified. The value returned by this intrinsic is likely to be incorrect or 0 |
| 3819 | for arguments other than zero, so it should only be used for debugging purposes. |
| 3820 | </p> |
| 3821 | |
| 3822 | <p> |
| 3823 | Note that calling this intrinsic does not prevent function inlining or other |
Chris Lattner | b40bb38 | 2005-03-07 20:30:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3824 | aggressive transformations, so the value returned may not be that of the obvious |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3825 | source-language caller. |
| 3826 | </p> |
| 3827 | </div> |
| 3828 | |
| 3829 | |
| 3830 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3831 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3832 | <a name="i_frameaddress">'<tt>llvm.frameaddress</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3833 | </div> |
| 3834 | |
| 3835 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3836 | |
| 3837 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3838 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3839 | declare i8 *%llvm.frameaddress(i32 <level>) |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3840 | </pre> |
| 3841 | |
| 3842 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3843 | |
| 3844 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 32b5d71 | 2006-10-15 20:05:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3845 | The '<tt>llvm.frameaddress</tt>' intrinsic attempts to return the |
| 3846 | target-specific frame pointer value for the specified stack frame. |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3847 | </p> |
| 3848 | |
| 3849 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3850 | |
| 3851 | <p> |
| 3852 | The argument to this intrinsic indicates which function to return the frame |
| 3853 | pointer for. Zero indicates the calling function, one indicates its caller, |
| 3854 | etc. The argument is <b>required</b> to be a constant integer value. |
| 3855 | </p> |
| 3856 | |
| 3857 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3858 | |
| 3859 | <p> |
| 3860 | The '<tt>llvm.frameaddress</tt>' intrinsic either returns a pointer indicating |
| 3861 | the frame address of the specified call frame, or zero if it cannot be |
| 3862 | identified. The value returned by this intrinsic is likely to be incorrect or 0 |
| 3863 | for arguments other than zero, so it should only be used for debugging purposes. |
| 3864 | </p> |
| 3865 | |
| 3866 | <p> |
| 3867 | Note that calling this intrinsic does not prevent function inlining or other |
Chris Lattner | b40bb38 | 2005-03-07 20:30:51 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3868 | aggressive transformations, so the value returned may not be that of the obvious |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3869 | source-language caller. |
| 3870 | </p> |
| 3871 | </div> |
| 3872 | |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3873 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3874 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 57e1f39 | 2006-01-13 02:03:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3875 | <a name="i_stacksave">'<tt>llvm.stacksave</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3876 | </div> |
| 3877 | |
| 3878 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3879 | |
| 3880 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3881 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3882 | declare i8 *%llvm.stacksave() |
Chris Lattner | 57e1f39 | 2006-01-13 02:03:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3883 | </pre> |
| 3884 | |
| 3885 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3886 | |
| 3887 | <p> |
| 3888 | The '<tt>llvm.stacksave</tt>' intrinsic is used to remember the current state of |
| 3889 | the function stack, for use with <a href="#i_stackrestore"> |
| 3890 | <tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt></a>. This is useful for implementing language |
| 3891 | features like scoped automatic variable sized arrays in C99. |
| 3892 | </p> |
| 3893 | |
| 3894 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3895 | |
| 3896 | <p> |
| 3897 | This intrinsic returns a opaque pointer value that can be passed to <a |
| 3898 | href="#i_stackrestore"><tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt></a>. When an |
| 3899 | <tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt> intrinsic is executed with a value saved from |
| 3900 | <tt>llvm.stacksave</tt>, it effectively restores the state of the stack to the |
| 3901 | state it was in when the <tt>llvm.stacksave</tt> intrinsic executed. In |
| 3902 | practice, this pops any <a href="#i_alloca">alloca</a> blocks from the stack |
| 3903 | that were allocated after the <tt>llvm.stacksave</tt> was executed. |
| 3904 | </p> |
| 3905 | |
| 3906 | </div> |
| 3907 | |
| 3908 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3909 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3910 | <a name="i_stackrestore">'<tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3911 | </div> |
| 3912 | |
| 3913 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3914 | |
| 3915 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3916 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3917 | declare void %llvm.stackrestore(i8 * %ptr) |
Chris Lattner | 57e1f39 | 2006-01-13 02:03:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3918 | </pre> |
| 3919 | |
| 3920 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3921 | |
| 3922 | <p> |
| 3923 | The '<tt>llvm.stackrestore</tt>' intrinsic is used to restore the state of |
| 3924 | the function stack to the state it was in when the corresponding <a |
| 3925 | href="#llvm.stacksave"><tt>llvm.stacksave</tt></a> intrinsic executed. This is |
| 3926 | useful for implementing language features like scoped automatic variable sized |
| 3927 | arrays in C99. |
| 3928 | </p> |
| 3929 | |
| 3930 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3931 | |
| 3932 | <p> |
| 3933 | See the description for <a href="#i_stacksave"><tt>llvm.stacksave</tt></a>. |
| 3934 | </p> |
| 3935 | |
| 3936 | </div> |
| 3937 | |
| 3938 | |
| 3939 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3940 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3941 | <a name="i_prefetch">'<tt>llvm.prefetch</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3942 | </div> |
| 3943 | |
| 3944 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3945 | |
| 3946 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3947 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3948 | declare void %llvm.prefetch(i8 * <address>, |
| 3949 | i32 <rw>, i32 <locality>) |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3950 | </pre> |
| 3951 | |
| 3952 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3953 | |
| 3954 | |
| 3955 | <p> |
| 3956 | The '<tt>llvm.prefetch</tt>' intrinsic is a hint to the code generator to insert |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3957 | a prefetch instruction if supported; otherwise, it is a noop. Prefetches have |
| 3958 | no |
| 3959 | effect on the behavior of the program but can change its performance |
Chris Lattner | 2a61536 | 2005-02-28 19:47:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3960 | characteristics. |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3961 | </p> |
| 3962 | |
| 3963 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 3964 | |
| 3965 | <p> |
| 3966 | <tt>address</tt> is the address to be prefetched, <tt>rw</tt> is the specifier |
| 3967 | determining if the fetch should be for a read (0) or write (1), and |
| 3968 | <tt>locality</tt> is a temporal locality specifier ranging from (0) - no |
Chris Lattner | aeffb4a | 2005-03-07 20:31:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3969 | locality, to (3) - extremely local keep in cache. The <tt>rw</tt> and |
Chris Lattner | 9a9d7ac | 2005-02-28 19:24:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3970 | <tt>locality</tt> arguments must be constant integers. |
| 3971 | </p> |
| 3972 | |
| 3973 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 3974 | |
| 3975 | <p> |
| 3976 | This intrinsic does not modify the behavior of the program. In particular, |
| 3977 | prefetches cannot trap and do not produce a value. On targets that support this |
| 3978 | intrinsic, the prefetch can provide hints to the processor cache for better |
| 3979 | performance. |
| 3980 | </p> |
| 3981 | |
| 3982 | </div> |
| 3983 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 7f4ec3b | 2005-03-28 20:05:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3984 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 3985 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 3986 | <a name="i_pcmarker">'<tt>llvm.pcmarker</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 3987 | </div> |
| 3988 | |
| 3989 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 3990 | |
| 3991 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 3992 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3993 | declare void %llvm.pcmarker( i32 <id> ) |
Andrew Lenharth | 7f4ec3b | 2005-03-28 20:05:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3994 | </pre> |
| 3995 | |
| 3996 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 3997 | |
| 3998 | |
| 3999 | <p> |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4000 | The '<tt>llvm.pcmarker</tt>' intrinsic is a method to export a Program Counter |
| 4001 | (PC) in a region of |
Andrew Lenharth | 7f4ec3b | 2005-03-28 20:05:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4002 | code to simulators and other tools. The method is target specific, but it is |
| 4003 | expected that the marker will use exported symbols to transmit the PC of the marker. |
Jeff Cohen | 25d4f7e | 2005-11-11 02:15:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4004 | The marker makes no guarantees that it will remain with any specific instruction |
Chris Lattner | d07c3f4 | 2005-11-15 06:07:55 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4005 | after optimizations. It is possible that the presence of a marker will inhibit |
Chris Lattner | b3e7afd | 2006-03-24 07:16:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4006 | optimizations. The intended use is to be inserted after optimizations to allow |
John Criswell | fc6b895 | 2005-05-16 16:17:45 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4007 | correlations of simulation runs. |
Andrew Lenharth | 7f4ec3b | 2005-03-28 20:05:49 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4008 | </p> |
| 4009 | |
| 4010 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4011 | |
| 4012 | <p> |
| 4013 | <tt>id</tt> is a numerical id identifying the marker. |
| 4014 | </p> |
| 4015 | |
| 4016 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4017 | |
| 4018 | <p> |
| 4019 | This intrinsic does not modify the behavior of the program. Backends that do not |
| 4020 | support this intrinisic may ignore it. |
| 4021 | </p> |
| 4022 | |
| 4023 | </div> |
| 4024 | |
Andrew Lenharth | 51b8d54 | 2005-11-11 16:47:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4025 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4026 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 4027 | <a name="i_readcyclecounter">'<tt>llvm.readcyclecounter</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 4028 | </div> |
| 4029 | |
| 4030 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4031 | |
| 4032 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4033 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4034 | declare i64 %llvm.readcyclecounter( ) |
Andrew Lenharth | 51b8d54 | 2005-11-11 16:47:30 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4035 | </pre> |
| 4036 | |
| 4037 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4038 | |
| 4039 | |
| 4040 | <p> |
| 4041 | The '<tt>llvm.readcyclecounter</tt>' intrinsic provides access to the cycle |
| 4042 | counter register (or similar low latency, high accuracy clocks) on those targets |
| 4043 | that support it. On X86, it should map to RDTSC. On Alpha, it should map to RPCC. |
| 4044 | As the backing counters overflow quickly (on the order of 9 seconds on alpha), this |
| 4045 | should only be used for small timings. |
| 4046 | </p> |
| 4047 | |
| 4048 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4049 | |
| 4050 | <p> |
| 4051 | When directly supported, reading the cycle counter should not modify any memory. |
| 4052 | Implementations are allowed to either return a application specific value or a |
| 4053 | system wide value. On backends without support, this is lowered to a constant 0. |
| 4054 | </p> |
| 4055 | |
| 4056 | </div> |
| 4057 | |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4058 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 4059 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4060 | <a name="int_libc">Standard C Library Intrinsics</a> |
| 4061 | </div> |
| 4062 | |
| 4063 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4064 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4065 | LLVM provides intrinsics for a few important standard C library functions. |
| 4066 | These intrinsics allow source-language front-ends to pass information about the |
| 4067 | alignment of the pointer arguments to the code generator, providing opportunity |
| 4068 | for more efficient code generation. |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4069 | </p> |
| 4070 | |
| 4071 | </div> |
| 4072 | |
| 4073 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4074 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 4075 | <a name="i_memcpy">'<tt>llvm.memcpy</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 4076 | </div> |
| 4077 | |
| 4078 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4079 | |
| 4080 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4081 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4082 | declare void %llvm.memcpy.i32(i8 * <dest>, i8 * <src>, |
| 4083 | i32 <len>, i32 <align>) |
| 4084 | declare void %llvm.memcpy.i64(i8 * <dest>, i8 * <src>, |
| 4085 | i64 <len>, i32 <align>) |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4086 | </pre> |
| 4087 | |
| 4088 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4089 | |
| 4090 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4091 | The '<tt>llvm.memcpy.*</tt>' intrinsics copy a block of memory from the source |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4092 | location to the destination location. |
| 4093 | </p> |
| 4094 | |
| 4095 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4096 | Note that, unlike the standard libc function, the <tt>llvm.memcpy.*</tt> |
| 4097 | intrinsics do not return a value, and takes an extra alignment argument. |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4098 | </p> |
| 4099 | |
| 4100 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4101 | |
| 4102 | <p> |
| 4103 | The first argument is a pointer to the destination, the second is a pointer to |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4104 | the source. The third argument is an integer argument |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4105 | specifying the number of bytes to copy, and the fourth argument is the alignment |
| 4106 | of the source and destination locations. |
| 4107 | </p> |
| 4108 | |
Chris Lattner | 3301ced | 2004-02-12 21:18:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4109 | <p> |
| 4110 | If the call to this intrinisic has an alignment value that is not 0 or 1, then |
Chris Lattner | f0afc2c | 2006-03-04 00:02:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4111 | the caller guarantees that both the source and destination pointers are aligned |
| 4112 | to that boundary. |
Chris Lattner | 3301ced | 2004-02-12 21:18:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4113 | </p> |
| 4114 | |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4115 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4116 | |
| 4117 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4118 | The '<tt>llvm.memcpy.*</tt>' intrinsics copy a block of memory from the source |
Chris Lattner | 33aec9e | 2004-02-12 17:01:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4119 | location to the destination location, which are not allowed to overlap. It |
| 4120 | copies "len" bytes of memory over. If the argument is known to be aligned to |
| 4121 | some boundary, this can be specified as the fourth argument, otherwise it should |
| 4122 | be set to 0 or 1. |
| 4123 | </p> |
| 4124 | </div> |
| 4125 | |
| 4126 | |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4127 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4128 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 4129 | <a name="i_memmove">'<tt>llvm.memmove</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 4130 | </div> |
| 4131 | |
| 4132 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4133 | |
| 4134 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4135 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4136 | declare void %llvm.memmove.i32(i8 * <dest>, i8 * <src>, |
| 4137 | i32 <len>, i32 <align>) |
| 4138 | declare void %llvm.memmove.i64(i8 * <dest>, i8 * <src>, |
| 4139 | i64 <len>, i32 <align>) |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4140 | </pre> |
| 4141 | |
| 4142 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4143 | |
| 4144 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4145 | The '<tt>llvm.memmove.*</tt>' intrinsics move a block of memory from the source |
| 4146 | location to the destination location. It is similar to the |
| 4147 | '<tt>llvm.memcmp</tt>' intrinsic but allows the two memory locations to overlap. |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4148 | </p> |
| 4149 | |
| 4150 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4151 | Note that, unlike the standard libc function, the <tt>llvm.memmove.*</tt> |
| 4152 | intrinsics do not return a value, and takes an extra alignment argument. |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4153 | </p> |
| 4154 | |
| 4155 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4156 | |
| 4157 | <p> |
| 4158 | The first argument is a pointer to the destination, the second is a pointer to |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4159 | the source. The third argument is an integer argument |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4160 | specifying the number of bytes to copy, and the fourth argument is the alignment |
| 4161 | of the source and destination locations. |
| 4162 | </p> |
| 4163 | |
Chris Lattner | 3301ced | 2004-02-12 21:18:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4164 | <p> |
| 4165 | If the call to this intrinisic has an alignment value that is not 0 or 1, then |
Chris Lattner | f0afc2c | 2006-03-04 00:02:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4166 | the caller guarantees that the source and destination pointers are aligned to |
| 4167 | that boundary. |
Chris Lattner | 3301ced | 2004-02-12 21:18:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4168 | </p> |
| 4169 | |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4170 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4171 | |
| 4172 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4173 | The '<tt>llvm.memmove.*</tt>' intrinsics copy a block of memory from the source |
Chris Lattner | 0eb51b4 | 2004-02-12 18:10:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4174 | location to the destination location, which may overlap. It |
| 4175 | copies "len" bytes of memory over. If the argument is known to be aligned to |
| 4176 | some boundary, this can be specified as the fourth argument, otherwise it should |
| 4177 | be set to 0 or 1. |
| 4178 | </p> |
| 4179 | </div> |
| 4180 | |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4181 | |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4182 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4183 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4184 | <a name="i_memset">'<tt>llvm.memset.*</tt>' Intrinsics</a> |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4185 | </div> |
| 4186 | |
| 4187 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4188 | |
| 4189 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4190 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4191 | declare void %llvm.memset.i32(i8 * <dest>, i8 <val>, |
| 4192 | i32 <len>, i32 <align>) |
| 4193 | declare void %llvm.memset.i64(i8 * <dest>, i8 <val>, |
| 4194 | i64 <len>, i32 <align>) |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4195 | </pre> |
| 4196 | |
| 4197 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4198 | |
| 4199 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4200 | The '<tt>llvm.memset.*</tt>' intrinsics fill a block of memory with a particular |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4201 | byte value. |
| 4202 | </p> |
| 4203 | |
| 4204 | <p> |
| 4205 | Note that, unlike the standard libc function, the <tt>llvm.memset</tt> intrinsic |
| 4206 | does not return a value, and takes an extra alignment argument. |
| 4207 | </p> |
| 4208 | |
| 4209 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4210 | |
| 4211 | <p> |
| 4212 | The first argument is a pointer to the destination to fill, the second is the |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4213 | byte value to fill it with, the third argument is an integer |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4214 | argument specifying the number of bytes to fill, and the fourth argument is the |
| 4215 | known alignment of destination location. |
| 4216 | </p> |
| 4217 | |
| 4218 | <p> |
| 4219 | If the call to this intrinisic has an alignment value that is not 0 or 1, then |
Chris Lattner | f0afc2c | 2006-03-04 00:02:10 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4220 | the caller guarantees that the destination pointer is aligned to that boundary. |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4221 | </p> |
| 4222 | |
| 4223 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4224 | |
| 4225 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | 5b310c3 | 2006-03-03 00:07:20 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4226 | The '<tt>llvm.memset.*</tt>' intrinsics fill "len" bytes of memory starting at |
| 4227 | the |
Chris Lattner | 1061064 | 2004-02-14 04:08:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4228 | destination location. If the argument is known to be aligned to some boundary, |
| 4229 | this can be specified as the fourth argument, otherwise it should be set to 0 or |
| 4230 | 1. |
| 4231 | </p> |
| 4232 | </div> |
| 4233 | |
| 4234 | |
Chris Lattner | 3200628 | 2004-06-11 02:28:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4235 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4236 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4237 | <a name="i_isunordered">'<tt>llvm.isunordered.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
Alkis Evlogimenos | 26bbe93 | 2004-06-13 01:16:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4238 | </div> |
| 4239 | |
| 4240 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4241 | |
| 4242 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4243 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4244 | declare bool %llvm.isunordered.f32(float Val1, float Val2) |
| 4245 | declare bool %llvm.isunordered.f64(double Val1, double Val2) |
Alkis Evlogimenos | 26bbe93 | 2004-06-13 01:16:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4246 | </pre> |
| 4247 | |
| 4248 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4249 | |
| 4250 | <p> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4251 | The '<tt>llvm.isunordered</tt>' intrinsics return true if either or both of the |
Alkis Evlogimenos | 26bbe93 | 2004-06-13 01:16:15 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4252 | specified floating point values is a NAN. |
| 4253 | </p> |
| 4254 | |
| 4255 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4256 | |
| 4257 | <p> |
| 4258 | The arguments are floating point numbers of the same type. |
| 4259 | </p> |
| 4260 | |
| 4261 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4262 | |
| 4263 | <p> |
| 4264 | If either or both of the arguments is a SNAN or QNAN, it returns true, otherwise |
| 4265 | false. |
| 4266 | </p> |
| 4267 | </div> |
| 4268 | |
| 4269 | |
Chris Lattner | a4d7414 | 2005-07-21 01:29:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4270 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4271 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4272 | <a name="i_sqrt">'<tt>llvm.sqrt.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
Chris Lattner | a4d7414 | 2005-07-21 01:29:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4273 | </div> |
| 4274 | |
| 4275 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4276 | |
| 4277 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4278 | <pre> |
Chris Lattner | f4d252d | 2006-09-08 06:34:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4279 | declare float %llvm.sqrt.f32(float %Val) |
| 4280 | declare double %llvm.sqrt.f64(double %Val) |
Chris Lattner | a4d7414 | 2005-07-21 01:29:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4281 | </pre> |
| 4282 | |
| 4283 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4284 | |
| 4285 | <p> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4286 | The '<tt>llvm.sqrt</tt>' intrinsics return the sqrt of the specified operand, |
Chris Lattner | a4d7414 | 2005-07-21 01:29:16 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4287 | returning the same value as the libm '<tt>sqrt</tt>' function would. Unlike |
| 4288 | <tt>sqrt</tt> in libm, however, <tt>llvm.sqrt</tt> has undefined behavior for |
| 4289 | negative numbers (which allows for better optimization). |
| 4290 | </p> |
| 4291 | |
| 4292 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4293 | |
| 4294 | <p> |
| 4295 | The argument and return value are floating point numbers of the same type. |
| 4296 | </p> |
| 4297 | |
| 4298 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4299 | |
| 4300 | <p> |
| 4301 | This function returns the sqrt of the specified operand if it is a positive |
| 4302 | floating point number. |
| 4303 | </p> |
| 4304 | </div> |
| 4305 | |
Chris Lattner | f4d252d | 2006-09-08 06:34:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4306 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4307 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
| 4308 | <a name="i_powi">'<tt>llvm.powi.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
| 4309 | </div> |
| 4310 | |
| 4311 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4312 | |
| 4313 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4314 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4315 | declare float %llvm.powi.f32(float %Val, i32 %power) |
| 4316 | declare double %llvm.powi.f64(double %Val, i32 %power) |
Chris Lattner | f4d252d | 2006-09-08 06:34:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4317 | </pre> |
| 4318 | |
| 4319 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4320 | |
| 4321 | <p> |
| 4322 | The '<tt>llvm.powi.*</tt>' intrinsics return the first operand raised to the |
| 4323 | specified (positive or negative) power. The order of evaluation of |
| 4324 | multiplications is not defined. |
| 4325 | </p> |
| 4326 | |
| 4327 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4328 | |
| 4329 | <p> |
| 4330 | The second argument is an integer power, and the first is a value to raise to |
| 4331 | that power. |
| 4332 | </p> |
| 4333 | |
| 4334 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4335 | |
| 4336 | <p> |
| 4337 | This function returns the first value raised to the second power with an |
| 4338 | unspecified sequence of rounding operations.</p> |
| 4339 | </div> |
| 4340 | |
| 4341 | |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4342 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 4343 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4344 | <a name="int_manip">Bit Manipulation Intrinsics</a> |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4345 | </div> |
| 4346 | |
| 4347 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4348 | <p> |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4349 | LLVM provides intrinsics for a few important bit manipulation operations. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4350 | These allow efficient code generation for some algorithms. |
| 4351 | </p> |
| 4352 | |
| 4353 | </div> |
| 4354 | |
| 4355 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4356 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4357 | <a name="i_bswap">'<tt>llvm.bswap.*</tt>' Intrinsics</a> |
| 4358 | </div> |
| 4359 | |
| 4360 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4361 | |
| 4362 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4363 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4364 | declare i16 %llvm.bswap.i16(i16 <id>) |
| 4365 | declare i32 %llvm.bswap.i32(i32 <id>) |
| 4366 | declare i64 %llvm.bswap.i64(i64 <id>) |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4367 | </pre> |
| 4368 | |
| 4369 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4370 | |
| 4371 | <p> |
| 4372 | The '<tt>llvm.bwsap</tt>' family of intrinsics is used to byteswap a 16, 32 or |
| 4373 | 64 bit quantity. These are useful for performing operations on data that is not |
| 4374 | in the target's native byte order. |
| 4375 | </p> |
| 4376 | |
| 4377 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4378 | |
| 4379 | <p> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4380 | The <tt>llvm.bswap.16</tt> intrinsic returns an i16 value that has the high |
| 4381 | and low byte of the input i16 swapped. Similarly, the <tt>llvm.bswap.i32</tt> |
| 4382 | intrinsic returns an i32 value that has the four bytes of the input i32 |
| 4383 | swapped, so that if the input bytes are numbered 0, 1, 2, 3 then the returned |
| 4384 | i32 will have its bytes in 3, 2, 1, 0 order. The <tt>llvm.bswap.i64</tt> |
| 4385 | intrinsic extends this concept to 64 bits. |
Nate Begeman | 7e36c47 | 2006-01-13 23:26:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4386 | </p> |
| 4387 | |
| 4388 | </div> |
| 4389 | |
| 4390 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4391 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4392 | <a name="int_ctpop">'<tt>llvm.ctpop.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4393 | </div> |
| 4394 | |
| 4395 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4396 | |
| 4397 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4398 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4399 | declare i8 %llvm.ctpop.i8 (i8 <src>) |
| 4400 | declare i16 %llvm.ctpop.i16(i16 <src>) |
| 4401 | declare i32 %llvm.ctpop.i32(i32 <src>) |
| 4402 | declare i64 %llvm.ctpop.i64(i64 <src>) |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4403 | </pre> |
| 4404 | |
| 4405 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4406 | |
| 4407 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4408 | The '<tt>llvm.ctpop</tt>' family of intrinsics counts the number of bits set in a |
| 4409 | value. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4410 | </p> |
| 4411 | |
| 4412 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4413 | |
| 4414 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | cfe6b37 | 2005-05-07 01:46:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4415 | The only argument is the value to be counted. The argument may be of any |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4416 | unsigned integer type. The return type must match the argument type. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4417 | </p> |
| 4418 | |
| 4419 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4420 | |
| 4421 | <p> |
| 4422 | The '<tt>llvm.ctpop</tt>' intrinsic counts the 1's in a variable. |
| 4423 | </p> |
| 4424 | </div> |
| 4425 | |
| 4426 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4427 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 8a886be | 2006-01-16 22:34:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4428 | <a name="int_ctlz">'<tt>llvm.ctlz.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4429 | </div> |
| 4430 | |
| 4431 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4432 | |
| 4433 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4434 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4435 | declare i8 %llvm.ctlz.i8 (i8 <src>) |
| 4436 | declare i16 %llvm.ctlz.i16(i16 <src>) |
| 4437 | declare i32 %llvm.ctlz.i32(i32 <src>) |
| 4438 | declare i64 %llvm.ctlz.i64(i64 <src>) |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4439 | </pre> |
| 4440 | |
| 4441 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4442 | |
| 4443 | <p> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4444 | The '<tt>llvm.ctlz</tt>' family of intrinsic functions counts the number of |
| 4445 | leading zeros in a variable. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4446 | </p> |
| 4447 | |
| 4448 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4449 | |
| 4450 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | cfe6b37 | 2005-05-07 01:46:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4451 | The only argument is the value to be counted. The argument may be of any |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4452 | unsigned integer type. The return type must match the argument type. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4453 | </p> |
| 4454 | |
| 4455 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4456 | |
| 4457 | <p> |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4458 | The '<tt>llvm.ctlz</tt>' intrinsic counts the leading (most significant) zeros |
| 4459 | in a variable. If the src == 0 then the result is the size in bits of the type |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4460 | of src. For example, <tt>llvm.ctlz(i32 2) = 30</tt>. |
Andrew Lenharth | ec370fd | 2005-05-03 18:01:48 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4461 | </p> |
| 4462 | </div> |
Chris Lattner | 3200628 | 2004-06-11 02:28:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4463 | |
| 4464 | |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4465 | |
| 4466 | <!-- _______________________________________________________________________ --> |
| 4467 | <div class="doc_subsubsection"> |
Chris Lattner | 8a886be | 2006-01-16 22:34:14 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4468 | <a name="int_cttz">'<tt>llvm.cttz.*</tt>' Intrinsic</a> |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4469 | </div> |
| 4470 | |
| 4471 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4472 | |
| 4473 | <h5>Syntax:</h5> |
| 4474 | <pre> |
Reid Spencer | ca86e16 | 2006-12-31 07:07:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4475 | declare i8 %llvm.cttz.i8 (i8 <src>) |
| 4476 | declare i16 %llvm.cttz.i16(i16 <src>) |
| 4477 | declare i32 %llvm.cttz.i32(i32 <src>) |
| 4478 | declare i64 %llvm.cttz.i64(i64 <src>) |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4479 | </pre> |
| 4480 | |
| 4481 | <h5>Overview:</h5> |
| 4482 | |
| 4483 | <p> |
Reid Spencer | 0b11820 | 2006-01-16 21:12:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4484 | The '<tt>llvm.cttz</tt>' family of intrinsic functions counts the number of |
| 4485 | trailing zeros. |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4486 | </p> |
| 4487 | |
| 4488 | <h5>Arguments:</h5> |
| 4489 | |
| 4490 | <p> |
| 4491 | The only argument is the value to be counted. The argument may be of any |
Chris Lattner | ec6cb61 | 2006-01-16 22:38:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4492 | unsigned integer type. The return type must match the argument type. |
Chris Lattner | eff29ab | 2005-05-15 19:39:26 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4493 | </p> |
| 4494 | |
| 4495 | <h5>Semantics:</h5> |
| 4496 | |
| 4497 | <p> |
| 4498 | The '<tt>llvm.cttz</tt>' intrinsic counts the trailing (least significant) zeros |
| 4499 | in a variable. If the src == 0 then the result is the size in bits of the type |
| 4500 | of src. For example, <tt>llvm.cttz(2) = 1</tt>. |
| 4501 | </p> |
| 4502 | </div> |
| 4503 | |
Chris Lattner | 8ff7590 | 2004-01-06 05:31:32 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4504 | <!-- ======================================================================= --> |
| 4505 | <div class="doc_subsection"> |
| 4506 | <a name="int_debugger">Debugger Intrinsics</a> |
| 4507 | </div> |
| 4508 | |
| 4509 | <div class="doc_text"> |
| 4510 | <p> |
| 4511 | The LLVM debugger intrinsics (which all start with <tt>llvm.dbg.</tt> prefix), |
| 4512 | are described in the <a |
| 4513 | href="SourceLevelDebugging.html#format_common_intrinsics">LLVM Source Level |
| 4514 | Debugging</a> document. |
| 4515 | </p> |
| 4516 | </div> |
| 4517 | |
| 4518 | |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4519 | <!-- *********************************************************************** --> |
Chris Lattner | 0095054 | 2001-06-06 20:29:01 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4520 | <hr> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4521 | <address> |
| 4522 | <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer"><img |
| 4523 | src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss" alt="Valid CSS!"></a> |
| 4524 | <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer"><img |
| 4525 | src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401" alt="Valid HTML 4.01!" /></a> |
| 4526 | |
| 4527 | <a href="mailto:sabre@nondot.org">Chris Lattner</a><br> |
Reid Spencer | 05fe4b0 | 2006-03-14 05:39:39 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4528 | <a href="http://llvm.org">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br> |
Misha Brukman | daa4cb0 | 2004-03-01 17:47:27 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4529 | Last modified: $Date$ |
| 4530 | </address> |
Misha Brukman | 9d0919f | 2003-11-08 01:05:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 4531 | </body> |
| 4532 | </html> |