tools/gold/gold-plugin.cpp

//===-- gold-plugin.cpp - Plugin to gold for Link Time Optimization  ------===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This is a gold plugin for LLVM. It provides an LLVM implementation of the
// interface described in http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/whopr/driver .
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "llvm/Config/config.h"
#include "plugin-api.h"

#include "llvm-c/lto.h"

#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/System/Errno.h"
#include "llvm/System/Path.h"
#include "llvm/System/Program.h"

#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
#include <list>
#include <vector>

using namespace llvm;

namespace {
  ld_plugin_status discard_message(int level, const char *format, ...) {
    // Die loudly. Recent versions of Gold pass ld_plugin_message as the first
    // callback in the transfer vector. This should never be called.
    abort();
  }

  ld_plugin_add_symbols add_symbols = NULL;
  ld_plugin_get_symbols get_symbols = NULL;
  ld_plugin_add_input_file add_input_file = NULL;
  ld_plugin_add_input_library add_input_library = NULL;
  ld_plugin_message message = discard_message;

  int api_version = 0;
  int gold_version = 0;

  struct claimed_file {
    lto_module_t M;
    void *handle;
    std::vector<ld_plugin_symbol> syms;
  };

  lto_codegen_model output_type = LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_STATIC;
  std::string output_name = "";
  std::list<claimed_file> Modules;
  std::vector<sys::Path> Cleanup;
}

namespace options {
  enum generate_bc { BC_NO, BC_ALSO, BC_ONLY };
  static bool generate_api_file = false;
  static generate_bc generate_bc_file = BC_NO;
  static std::string bc_path;
  static std::string as_path;
  static std::vector<std::string> pass_through;
  // Additional options to pass into the code generator.
  // Note: This array will contain all plugin options which are not claimed
  // as plugin exclusive to pass to the code generator.
  // For example, "generate-api-file" and "as"options are for the plugin
  // use only and will not be passed.
  static std::vector<std::string> extra;

  static void process_plugin_option(const char* opt_)
  {
    if (opt_ == NULL)
      return;
    llvm::StringRef opt = opt_;

    if (opt == "generate-api-file") {
      generate_api_file = true;
    } else if (opt.startswith("as=")) {
      if (!as_path.empty()) {
        (*message)(LDPL_WARNING, "Path to as specified twice. "
                   "Discarding %s", opt_);
      } else {
        as_path = opt.substr(strlen("as="));
      }
    } else if (opt.startswith("pass-through=")) {
      llvm::StringRef item = opt.substr(strlen("pass-through="));
      pass_through.push_back(item.str());
    } else if (opt == "emit-llvm") {
      generate_bc_file = BC_ONLY;
    } else if (opt == "also-emit-llvm") {
      generate_bc_file = BC_ALSO;
    } else if (opt.startswith("also-emit-llvm=")) {
      llvm::StringRef path = opt.substr(strlen("also-emit-llvm="));
      generate_bc_file = BC_ALSO;
      if (!bc_path.empty()) {
        (*message)(LDPL_WARNING, "Path to the output IL file specified twice. "
                   "Discarding %s", opt_);
      } else {
        bc_path = path;
      }
    } else {
      // Save this option to pass to the code generator.
      extra.push_back(opt);
    }
  }
}

static ld_plugin_status claim_file_hook(const ld_plugin_input_file *file,
                                        int *claimed);
static ld_plugin_status all_symbols_read_hook(void);
static ld_plugin_status cleanup_hook(void);

extern "C" ld_plugin_status onload(ld_plugin_tv *tv);
ld_plugin_status onload(ld_plugin_tv *tv) {
  // We're given a pointer to the first transfer vector. We read through them
  // until we find one where tv_tag == LDPT_NULL. The REGISTER_* tagged values
  // contain pointers to functions that we need to call to register our own
  // hooks. The others are addresses of functions we can use to call into gold
  // for services.

  bool registeredClaimFile = false;
  bool registeredAllSymbolsRead = false;
  bool registeredCleanup = false;

  for (; tv->tv_tag != LDPT_NULL; ++tv) {
    switch (tv->tv_tag) {
      case LDPT_API_VERSION:
        api_version = tv->tv_u.tv_val;
        break;
      case LDPT_GOLD_VERSION:  // major * 100 + minor
        gold_version = tv->tv_u.tv_val;
        break;
      case LDPT_OUTPUT_NAME:
        output_name = tv->tv_u.tv_string;
        break;
      case LDPT_LINKER_OUTPUT:
        switch (tv->tv_u.tv_val) {
          case LDPO_REL:  // .o
          case LDPO_DYN:  // .so
            output_type = LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC;
            break;
          case LDPO_EXEC:  // .exe
            output_type = LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_STATIC;
            break;
          default:
            (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unknown output file type %d",
                       tv->tv_u.tv_val);
            return LDPS_ERR;
        }
        // TODO: add an option to disable PIC.
        //output_type = LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC_NO_PIC;
        break;
      case LDPT_OPTION:
        options::process_plugin_option(tv->tv_u.tv_string);
        break;
      case LDPT_REGISTER_CLAIM_FILE_HOOK: {
        ld_plugin_register_claim_file callback;
        callback = tv->tv_u.tv_register_claim_file;

        if ((*callback)(claim_file_hook) != LDPS_OK)
          return LDPS_ERR;

        registeredClaimFile = true;
      } break;
      case LDPT_REGISTER_ALL_SYMBOLS_READ_HOOK: {
        ld_plugin_register_all_symbols_read callback;
        callback = tv->tv_u.tv_register_all_symbols_read;

        if ((*callback)(all_symbols_read_hook) != LDPS_OK)
          return LDPS_ERR;

        registeredAllSymbolsRead = true;
      } break;
      case LDPT_REGISTER_CLEANUP_HOOK: {
        ld_plugin_register_cleanup callback;
        callback = tv->tv_u.tv_register_cleanup;

        if ((*callback)(cleanup_hook) != LDPS_OK)
          return LDPS_ERR;

        registeredCleanup = true;
      } break;
      case LDPT_ADD_SYMBOLS:
        add_symbols = tv->tv_u.tv_add_symbols;
        break;
      case LDPT_GET_SYMBOLS:
        get_symbols = tv->tv_u.tv_get_symbols;
        break;
      case LDPT_ADD_INPUT_FILE:
        add_input_file = tv->tv_u.tv_add_input_file;
        break;
      case LDPT_ADD_INPUT_LIBRARY:
        add_input_library = tv->tv_u.tv_add_input_file;
        break;
      case LDPT_MESSAGE:
        message = tv->tv_u.tv_message;
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }

  if (!registeredClaimFile) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "register_claim_file not passed to LLVMgold.");
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }
  if (!add_symbols) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "add_symbols not passed to LLVMgold.");
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }

  return LDPS_OK;
}

/// claim_file_hook - called by gold to see whether this file is one that
/// our plugin can handle. We'll try to open it and register all the symbols
/// with add_symbol if possible.
static ld_plugin_status claim_file_hook(const ld_plugin_input_file *file,
                                        int *claimed) {
  void *buf = NULL;
  if (file->offset) {
    // Gold has found what might be IR part-way inside of a file, such as
    // an .a archive.
    if (lseek(file->fd, file->offset, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
      (*message)(LDPL_ERROR,
                 "Failed to seek to archive member of %s at offset %d: %s\n",
                 file->name,
                 file->offset, sys::StrError(errno).c_str());
      return LDPS_ERR;
    }
    buf = malloc(file->filesize);
    if (!buf) {
      (*message)(LDPL_ERROR,
                 "Failed to allocate buffer for archive member of size: %d\n",
                 file->filesize);
      return LDPS_ERR;
    }
    if (read(file->fd, buf, file->filesize) != file->filesize) {
      (*message)(LDPL_ERROR,
                 "Failed to read archive member of %s at offset %d: %s\n",
                 file->name,
                 file->offset,
                 sys::StrError(errno).c_str());
      free(buf);
      return LDPS_ERR;
    }
    if (!lto_module_is_object_file_in_memory(buf, file->filesize)) {
      free(buf);
      return LDPS_OK;
    }
  } else if (!lto_module_is_object_file(file->name))
    return LDPS_OK;

  *claimed = 1;
  Modules.resize(Modules.size() + 1);
  claimed_file &cf = Modules.back();

  cf.M = buf ? lto_module_create_from_memory(buf, file->filesize) :
               lto_module_create(file->name);
  free(buf);
  if (!cf.M) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Failed to create LLVM module: %s",
               lto_get_error_message());
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }
  cf.handle = file->handle;
  unsigned sym_count = lto_module_get_num_symbols(cf.M);
  cf.syms.reserve(sym_count);

  for (unsigned i = 0; i != sym_count; ++i) {
    lto_symbol_attributes attrs = lto_module_get_symbol_attribute(cf.M, i);
    if ((attrs & LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_MASK) == LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_INTERNAL)
      continue;

    cf.syms.push_back(ld_plugin_symbol());
    ld_plugin_symbol &sym = cf.syms.back();
    sym.name = const_cast<char *>(lto_module_get_symbol_name(cf.M, i));
    sym.version = NULL;

    int scope = attrs & LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_MASK;
    switch (scope) {
      case LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_HIDDEN:
        sym.visibility = LDPV_HIDDEN;
        break;
      case LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_PROTECTED:
        sym.visibility = LDPV_PROTECTED;
        break;
      case 0: // extern
      case LTO_SYMBOL_SCOPE_DEFAULT:
        sym.visibility = LDPV_DEFAULT;
        break;
      default:
        (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unknown scope attribute: %d", scope);
        return LDPS_ERR;
    }

    int definition = attrs & LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_MASK;
    switch (definition) {
      case LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_REGULAR:
        sym.def = LDPK_DEF;
        break;
      case LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_UNDEFINED:
        sym.def = LDPK_UNDEF;
        break;
      case LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_TENTATIVE:
        sym.def = LDPK_COMMON;
        break;
      case LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_WEAK:
        sym.def = LDPK_WEAKDEF;
        break;
      case LTO_SYMBOL_DEFINITION_WEAKUNDEF:
        sym.def = LDPK_WEAKUNDEF;
        break;
      default:
        (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unknown definition attribute: %d", definition);
        return LDPS_ERR;
    }

    // LLVM never emits COMDAT.
    sym.size = 0;
    sym.comdat_key = NULL;

    sym.resolution = LDPR_UNKNOWN;
  }

  cf.syms.reserve(cf.syms.size());

  if (!cf.syms.empty()) {
    if ((*add_symbols)(cf.handle, cf.syms.size(), &cf.syms[0]) != LDPS_OK) {
      (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unable to add symbols!");
      return LDPS_ERR;
    }
  }

  return LDPS_OK;
}

/// all_symbols_read_hook - gold informs us that all symbols have been read.
/// At this point, we use get_symbols to see if any of our definitions have
/// been overridden by a native object file. Then, perform optimization and
/// codegen.
static ld_plugin_status all_symbols_read_hook(void) {
  lto_code_gen_t cg = lto_codegen_create();

  for (std::list<claimed_file>::iterator I = Modules.begin(),
       E = Modules.end(); I != E; ++I)
    lto_codegen_add_module(cg, I->M);

  std::ofstream api_file;
  if (options::generate_api_file) {
    api_file.open("apifile.txt", std::ofstream::out | std::ofstream::trunc);
    if (!api_file.is_open()) {
      (*message)(LDPL_FATAL, "Unable to open apifile.txt for writing.");
      abort();
    }
  }

  // If we don't preserve any symbols, libLTO will assume that all symbols are
  // needed. Keep all symbols unless we're producing a final executable.
  bool anySymbolsPreserved = false;
  for (std::list<claimed_file>::iterator I = Modules.begin(),
         E = Modules.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    (*get_symbols)(I->handle, I->syms.size(), &I->syms[0]);
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = I->syms.size(); i != e; i++) {
      if (I->syms[i].resolution == LDPR_PREVAILING_DEF) {
        lto_codegen_add_must_preserve_symbol(cg, I->syms[i].name);
        anySymbolsPreserved = true;

        if (options::generate_api_file)
          api_file << I->syms[i].name << "\n";
      }
    }
  }

  if (options::generate_api_file)
    api_file.close();

  if (!anySymbolsPreserved) {
    // All of the IL is unnecessary!
    lto_codegen_dispose(cg);
    return LDPS_OK;
  }

  lto_codegen_set_pic_model(cg, output_type);
  lto_codegen_set_debug_model(cg, LTO_DEBUG_MODEL_DWARF);
  if (!options::as_path.empty()) {
    sys::Path p = sys::Program::FindProgramByName(options::as_path);
    lto_codegen_set_assembler_path(cg, p.c_str());
  }
  // Pass through extra options to the code generator.
  if (!options::extra.empty()) {
    for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = options::extra.begin();
         it != options::extra.end(); ++it) {
      lto_codegen_debug_options(cg, (*it).c_str());
    }
  }


  if (options::generate_bc_file != options::BC_NO) {
    std::string path;
    if (options::generate_bc_file == options::BC_ONLY)
      path = output_name;
    else if (!options::bc_path.empty())
      path = options::bc_path;
    else
      path = output_name + ".bc";
    bool err = lto_codegen_write_merged_modules(cg, path.c_str());
    if (err)
      (*message)(LDPL_FATAL, "Failed to write the output file.");
    if (options::generate_bc_file == options::BC_ONLY)
      exit(0);
  }
  size_t bufsize = 0;
  const char *buffer = static_cast<const char *>(lto_codegen_compile(cg,
                                                                     &bufsize));

  std::string ErrMsg;

  sys::Path uniqueObjPath("/tmp/llvmgold.o");
  if (uniqueObjPath.createTemporaryFileOnDisk(true, &ErrMsg)) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "%s", ErrMsg.c_str());
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }
  raw_fd_ostream objFile(uniqueObjPath.c_str(), ErrMsg,
                         raw_fd_ostream::F_Binary);
  if (!ErrMsg.empty()) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "%s", ErrMsg.c_str());
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }

  objFile.write(buffer, bufsize);
  objFile.close();

  lto_codegen_dispose(cg);

  if ((*add_input_file)(const_cast<char*>(uniqueObjPath.c_str())) != LDPS_OK) {
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unable to add .o file to the link.");
    (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "File left behind in: %s", uniqueObjPath.c_str());
    return LDPS_ERR;
  }

  for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator i = options::pass_through.begin(),
                                          e = options::pass_through.end();
       i != e; ++i) {
    std::string &item = *i;
    char *item_p = const_cast<char*>(item.c_str());
    if (llvm::StringRef(item).startswith("-l")) {
      if (add_input_library(item_p + 2) != LDPS_OK) {
        (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unable to add library to the link.");
        return LDPS_ERR;
      }
    } else {
      if (add_input_file(item_p) != LDPS_OK) {
        (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Unable to add .o file to the link.");
        return LDPS_ERR;
      }
    }
  }

  Cleanup.push_back(uniqueObjPath);

  return LDPS_OK;
}

static ld_plugin_status cleanup_hook(void) {
  std::string ErrMsg;

  for (int i = 0, e = Cleanup.size(); i != e; ++i)
    if (Cleanup[i].eraseFromDisk(false, &ErrMsg))
      (*message)(LDPL_ERROR, "Failed to delete '%s': %s", Cleanup[i].c_str(),
                 ErrMsg.c_str());

  return LDPS_OK;
}