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Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00004<head>
5 <title>Getting Started with LLVM System</title>
6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css">
7</head>
8<body>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00009
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000010<div class="doc_title">
11 Getting Started with the LLVM System
12</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +000013
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000014<ul>
15 <li><a href="#overview">Overview</a>
16 <li><a href="#quickstart">Getting Started Quickly (A Summary)</a>
17 <li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a>
Chris Lattner96768ea2003-02-14 04:22:13 +000018 <ol>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000019 <li><a href="#hardware">Hardware</a>
20 <li><a href="#software">Software</a>
21 </ol></li>
John Criswell7a73b802003-06-30 21:59:07 +000022
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000023 <li><a href="#starting">Getting Started with LLVM</a>
John Criswell0b459202003-07-08 20:35:59 +000024 <ol>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000025 <li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and Notation</a>
26 <li><a href="#environment">Setting Up Your Environment</a>
27 <li><a href="#unpack">Unpacking the LLVM Archives</a>
28 <li><a href="#checkout">Checkout LLVM from CVS</a>
29 <li><a href="#installcf">Install the GCC Front End</a>
30 <li><a href="#config">Local LLVM Configuration</a>
31 <li><a href="#compile">Compiling the LLVM Suite Source Code</a>
32 <li><a href="#objfiles">The Location of LLVM Object Files</a>
33 </ol></li>
John Criswell0b459202003-07-08 20:35:59 +000034
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000035 <li><a href="#layout">Program layout</a>
36 <ol>
37 <li><a href="#cvsdir"><tt>CVS</tt> directories</a>
38 <li><a href="#include"><tt>llvm/include</tt></a>
39 <li><a href="#lib"><tt>llvm/lib</tt></a>
40 <li><a href="#runtime"><tt>llvm/runtime</tt></a>
41 <li><a href="#test"><tt>llvm/test</tt></a>
42 <li><a href="#tools"><tt>llvm/tools</tt></a>
43 <li><a href="#utils"><tt>llvm/utils</tt></a>
44 </ol></li>
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +000045
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +000046 <li><a href="#tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
47 <li><a href="#problems">Common Problems</a>
48 <li><a href="#links">Links</a>
49</ul>
50
51<p>By:
52 <a href="mailto:gshi1@uiuc.edu">Guochun Shi</a>,
53 <a href="mailto:sabre@nondot.org">Chris Lattner</a>,
54 <a href="mailto:criswell@uiuc.edu">John Criswell</a>,
55 <a href="http://misha.brukman.net">Misha Brukman</a>, and
56 <a href="http://www.cs.uiuc.edu/~vadve">Vikram Adve</a>.</p>
57
58
59<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
60<div class="doc_section">
61 <a name="overview"><b>Overview</b></a>
62</div>
63<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
64
65<div class="doc_text">
66
67<p>Welcome to LLVM! In order to get started, you first need to know some
68basic information.</p>
69
70<p>First, LLVM comes in two pieces. The first piece is the LLVM suite. This
71contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed to use the low
72level virtual machine. It contains an assembler, disassembler, bytecode
73analyzer, and bytecode optimizer. It also contains a test suite that can be
74used to test the LLVM tools and the GCC front end.</p>
75
76<p>The second piece is the GCC front end. This component provides a version of
77GCC that compiles C and C++ code into LLVM bytecode. Currently, the GCC front
78end is a modified version of GCC 3.4 (we track the GCC 3.4 development). Once
79compiled into LLVM bytecode, a program can be manipulated with the LLVM tools
80from the LLVM suite.</p>
81
82</div>
83
84<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
85<div class="doc_section">
86 <a name="quickstart"><b>Getting Started Quickly (A Summary)</b></a>
87</div>
88<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
89
90<div class="doc_text">
91
92<p>Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:</p>
93
94<ol>
95 <li>Install the GCC front end:
96 <ol>
97 <li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-the-C-front-end-to-live</i></tt>
98 <li><tt>gunzip --stdout cfrontend.<i>platform</i>.tar.gz | tar -xvf -</tt>
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +000099 <li><b>Sparc and MacOS X Only:</b><br>
100 <tt>cd cfrontend/<i>platform</i><br>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000101 ./fixheaders</tt>
102 </ol></li>
103
104 <li>Get the Source Code
105 <ul>
106 <li>With the distributed files:
107 <ol>
108 <li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt>
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000109 <li><tt>gunzip --stdout llvm-<i>version</i>.tar.gz | tar -xvf -</tt>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000110 <li><tt>cd llvm</tt>
111 </ol></li>
112
113 <li>With anonymous CVS access:
114 <ol>
115 <li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt></li>
116 <li><tt>cvs -d
117 :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm login</tt></li>
118 <li>Hit the return key when prompted for the password.
119 <li><tt>cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm
120 co llvm</tt></li>
121 <li><tt>cd llvm</tt></li>
122 </ol></li>
123 </ul></li>
124
125 <li>Configure the LLVM Build Environment
126 <ol>
127 <li>Change directory to where you want to store the LLVM object
128 files and run <tt>configure</tt> to configure the Makefiles and
129 header files for the default platform. Useful options include:
130 <ul>
131 <li><tt>--with-llvmgccdir=<i>directory</i></tt>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000132 <p>Specify the full pathname of where the LLVM GCC frontend is
133 installed.</p></li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000134 <li><tt>--enable-spec2000=<i>directory</i></tt>
135 <p>Enable the SPEC2000 benchmarks for testing. The SPEC2000
136 benchmarks should be available in
137 <tt><i>directory</i></tt>.</p></li>
138 </ul>
139 </ol></li>
140
141 <li>Build the LLVM Suite:
142 <ol>
143 <li>Set your LLVM_LIB_SEARCH_PATH environment variable.
144 <li><tt>gmake -k |& tee gnumake.out
145 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# this is csh or tcsh syntax</tt>
146 </ol>
147
148</ol>
149
150<p>Consult the <a href="starting">Getting Started with LLVM</a> section for
151detailed information on configuring and compiling LLVM. See <a
152href="#environment">Setting Up Your Environment</a> for tips that simplify
153working with the GCC front end and LLVM tools. Go to <a href="#layout">Program
154Layout</a> to learn about the layout of the source code tree.</p>
155
156</div>
157
158<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
159<div class="doc_section">
160 <a name="requirements"><b>Requirements</b></a>
161</div>
162<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
163
164<div class="doc_text">
165
166<p>Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given below.
167This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware and
168software you will need.</p>
169
170</div>
171
172<!-- ======================================================================= -->
173<div class="doc_subsection">
174 <a name="hardware"><b>Hardware</b></a>
175</div>
176
177<div class="doc_text">
178
179<p>LLVM is known to work on the following platforms:</p>
180
181<ul>
182
183 <li>Linux on x86 (Pentium and above)
184 <ul>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000185 <li>Approximately 918 MB of Free Disk Space
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000186 <ul>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000187 <li>Source code: 28 MB</li>
188 <li>Object code: 850 MB</li>
189 <li>GCC front end: 40 MB</li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000190 </ul></li>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000191 </ul>
192 </li>
193
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000194 <li>Solaris on SparcV9 (Ultrasparc)
195 <ul>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000196 <li>Approximately 1.52 GB of Free Disk Space
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000197 <ul>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000198 <li>Source code: 28 MB</li>
199 <li>Object code: 1470 MB</li>
200 <li>GCC front end: 50 MB</li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000201 </ul></li>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000202 </ul>
203 </li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000204
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000205 <li>FreeBSD on x86 (Pentium and above)
206 <ul>
207 <li>Approximately 918 MB of Free Disk Space
208 <ul>
209 <li>Source code: 28 MB</li>
210 <li>Object code: 850 MB</li>
211 <li>GCC front end: 40 MB</li>
212 </ul></li>
213 </ul>
214 </li>
215
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000216 <li>MacOS X on PowerPC
217 <ul>
218 <li>No native code generation
219 <li>Approximately 1.20 GB of Free Disk Space
220 <ul>
221 <li>Source code: 28 MB</li>
222 <li>Object code: 1160 MB</li>
223 <li>GCC front end: 40 MB</li>
224 </ul></li>
225 </ul>
226
227 </li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000228</ul>
229
230<p>The LLVM suite <i>may</i> compile on other platforms, but it is not
231guaranteed to do so. If compilation is successful, the LLVM utilities should be
232able to assemble, disassemble, analyze, and optimize LLVM bytecode. Code
233generation should work as well, although the generated native code may not work
234on your platform.</p>
235
236<p>The GCC front end is not very portable at the moment. If you want to get it
237to work on another platform, you can download a copy of the source and try to
238compile it on your platform.</p>
239
240</div>
241
242<!-- ======================================================================= -->
243<div class="doc_subsection">
244 <a name="software"><b>Software</b></a>
245</div>
246
247<div class="doc_text">
248
249<p>Compiling LLVM requires that you have several software packages
250installed:</p>
251
252<ul>
253 <li><a href="http://gcc.gnu.org">GCC 3.x with C and C++ language
254 support</a></li>
255
256 <li><a href="http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/make">GNU Make</a></li>
257
258 <li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/flex">Flex</a></li>
259
260 <li><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/bison.html">Bison</a></li>
261</ul>
262
263<p>There are some additional tools that you may want to have when working with
264LLVM:</p>
265
266<ul>
Brian Gaeke5c681b62004-02-08 07:49:04 +0000267 <li><A href="http://www.gnu.org/software/automake">GNU Automake</A></li>
268 <li><A href="http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf">GNU Autoconf</A></li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000269 <li><A href="http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/m4">GNU M4</A>
270
271 <p>If you want to make changes to the configure scripts, you will need GNU
272 autoconf (2.57 or higher), and consequently, GNU M4 (version 1.4 or
Brian Gaeke5c681b62004-02-08 07:49:04 +0000273 higher). You will also need automake. Any old version of
274 automake from 1.4p5 on should work; we only use aclocal from that
275 package.</p></li>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000276
277 <li><A href="http://www.codesourcery.com/qm/qmtest">QMTest</A></li>
278 <li><A href="http://www.python.org">Python</A>
279
280 <p>These are needed to use the LLVM test suite.</p></li>
281
282</ul>
283
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000284<p>The remainder of this guide is meant to get you up and running with
285LLVM and to give you some basic information about the LLVM environment.
286A <a href="#starting">complete guide to installation</a> is provided in the
287next section.</p>
288
289<p>The later sections of this guide describe the <a
290href="#layout">general layout</a> of the the LLVM source tree, a <a
291href="#tutorial">simple example</a> using the LLVM tool chain, and <a
292href="#links">links</a> to find more information about LLVM or to get
293help via e-mail.</p>
294
295</div>
296
297<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
298<div class="doc_section">
299 <a name="starting"><b>Getting Started with LLVM</b></a>
300</div>
301<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
302
303<!-- ======================================================================= -->
304<div class="doc_subsection">
305 <a name="terminology">Terminology and Notation</a>
306</div>
307
308<div class="doc_text">
309
310<p>Throughout this manual, the following names are used to denote paths
311specific to the local system and working environment. <i>These are not
312environment variables you need to set but just strings used in the rest
313of this document below</i>. In any of the examples below, simply replace
314each of these names with the appropriate pathname on your local system.
315All these paths are absolute:</p>
316
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000317<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000318 <dt>SRC_ROOT
319 <dd>
320 This is the top level directory of the LLVM source tree.
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +0000321 <p>
322
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000323 <dt>OBJ_ROOT
324 <dd>
325 This is the top level directory of the LLVM object tree (i.e. the
326 tree where object files and compiled programs will be placed. It
327 can be the same as SRC_ROOT).
328 <p>
329
330 <dt>LLVMGCCDIR
331 <dd>
332 This is the where the LLVM GCC Front End is installed.
333 <p>
334 For the pre-built GCC front end binaries, the LLVMGCCDIR is
335 <tt>cfrontend/<i>platform</i>/llvm-gcc</tt>.
336</dl>
337
338</div>
339
340<!-- ======================================================================= -->
341<div class="doc_subsection">
342 <a name="environment">Setting Up Your Environment</a>
343</div>
344
345<div class="doc_text">
346
347<p>
348In order to compile and use LLVM, you will need to set some environment
349variables. There are also some shell aliases which you may find useful.
350You can set these on the command line, or better yet, set them in your
351<tt>.cshrc</tt> or <tt>.profile</tt>.
352
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000353<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000354 <dt><tt>LLVM_LIB_SEARCH_PATH</tt>=<tt><i>LLVMGCCDIR</i>/bytecode-libs</tt>
355 <dd>
356 This environment variable helps the LLVM GCC front end find bytecode
357 libraries that it will need for compilation.
358 <p>
359
360 <dt>alias llvmgcc <i>LLVMGCCDIR</i><tt>/bin/gcc</tt>
361 <dt>alias llvmg++ <i>LLVMGCCDIR</i><tt>/bin/g++</tt>
362 <dd>
363 This alias allows you to use the LLVM C and C++ front ends without putting
364 them in your <tt>PATH</tt> or typing in their complete pathnames.
365</dl>
366
367</div>
368
369<!-- ======================================================================= -->
370<div class="doc_subsection">
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000371 <a name="unpack">Unpacking the LLVM Archives</a>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000372</div>
373
374<div class="doc_text">
375
376<p>
377If you have the LLVM distribution, you will need to unpack it before you
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000378can begin to compile it. LLVM is distributed as a set of two files: the LLVM
379suite and the LLVM GCC front end compiled for your platform. Each
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000380file is a TAR archive that is compressed with the gzip program.
381</p>
382
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000383<p> The files are as follows:
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000384<dl>
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000385 <dt>llvm-1.2.tar.gz
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000386 <dd>This is the source code to the LLVM suite.
387 <p>
388
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000389 <dt>cfrontend-1.2.sparc-sun-solaris2.8.tar.gz
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000390 <dd>This is the binary release of the GCC front end for Solaris/Sparc.
391 <p>
392
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000393 <dt>cfrontend-1.2.i686-redhat-linux-gnu.tar.gz
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000394 <dd>This is the binary release of the GCC front end for Linux/x86.
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000395 <p>
396
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000397 <dt>cfrontend-1.2.i386-unknown-freebsd5.1.tar.gz
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000398 <dd>This is the binary release of the GCC front end for FreeBSD/x86.
399 <p>
400
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000401 <dt>cfrontend-1.2.powerpc-apple-darwin7.0.0.tar.gz
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000402 <dd>This is the binary release of the GCC front end for MacOS X/PPC.
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000403</dl>
404
405</div>
406
407<!-- ======================================================================= -->
408<div class="doc_subsection">
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000409 <a name="checkout">Checkout LLVM from CVS</a>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000410</div>
411
412<div class="doc_text">
413
414<p>If you have access to our CVS repository, you can get a fresh copy of
415the entire source code. All you need to do is check it out from CVS as
416follows:</p>
417
418<ul>
419<li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt>
420 <li><tt>cvs -d :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm login</tt>
421 <li>Hit the return key when prompted for the password.
422 <li><tt>cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm co
423 llvm</tt>
424</ul>
425
426<p>This will create an '<tt>llvm</tt>' directory in the current
427directory and fully populate it with the LLVM source code, Makefiles,
428test directories, and local copies of documentation files.</p>
429
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000430<p>If you want to get a specific release (as opposed to the most recent
431revision), you can specify a label. The following releases have the following
432label:</p>
433
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000434<ul>
435 <li>
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000436 Release 1.2: <b>RELEASE_12</b>
437 </li>
438
439 <li>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000440 Release 1.1: <b>RELEASE_11</b>
441 </li>
442
443 <li>
444 Release 1.0: <b>RELEASE_1</b>
445 </li>
446</ul>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000447
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000448<p>
449If you would like to get the GCC front end source code, you can also get it
450from the CVS repository:
451<ul>
452 <li><tt>cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm co
453 llvm-gcc</tt>
454</ul>
455</p>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000456
457</div>
458
459<!-- ======================================================================= -->
460<div class="doc_subsection">
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000461 <a name="installcf">Install the GCC Front End</a>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000462</div>
463
464<div class="doc_text">
465
466<p>Before configuring and compiling the LLVM suite, you need to extract the LLVM
467GCC front end from the binary distribution. It is used for building the
468bytecode libraries later used by the GCC front end for linking programs, and its
469location must be specified when the LLVM suite is configured.</p>
470
471<p>To install the GCC front end, do the following:</p>
472
473<ol>
474 <li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-the-front-end-to-live</i></tt></li>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000475 <li><tt>gunzip --stdout cfrontend-<i>version</i>.<i>platform</i>.tar.gz | tar -xvf
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000476 -</tt></li>
477</ol>
478
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000479<p>If you are using Solaris/Sparc or MacOS X/PPC, you will need to fix the
480header files:</p>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000481
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000482<p><tt>cd cfrontend/<i>platform</i><br>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000483 ./fixheaders</tt></p>
484
485<p>The binary versions of the GCC front end may not suit all of your needs. For
486example, the binary distribution may include an old version of a system header
487file, not "fix" a header file that needs to be fixed for GCC, or it may be
488linked with libraries not available on your system.</p>
489
490<p>In cases like these, you may want to try <a
491href="CFEBuildInstrs.html">building the GCC front end from source.</a> This is
492not for the faint of heart, so be forewarned.</p>
493
494</div>
495
496<!-- ======================================================================= -->
497<div class="doc_subsection">
498 <a name="config">Local LLVM Configuration</a>
499</div>
500
501<div class="doc_text">
502
503<p>Once checked out from the CVS repository, the LLVM suite source code must be
504configured via the <tt>configure</tt> script. This script sets variables in
505<tt>llvm/Makefile.config</tt> and <tt>llvm/include/Config/config.h</tt>. It
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000506also populates <i>OBJ_ROOT</i> with the Makefiles needed to begin building
507LLVM.</p>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000508
509<p>The following environment variables are used by the <tt>configure</tt>
510script to configure the build system:</p>
511
512<table border=1>
513 <tr>
514 <th>Variable</th>
515 <th>Purpose</th>
516 </tr>
517
518 <tr>
519 <td>CC</td>
520 <td>Tells <tt>configure</tt> which C compiler to use. By default,
521 <tt>configure</tt> will look for the first GCC C compiler in
522 <tt>PATH</tt>. Use this variable to override
523 <tt>configure</tt>'s default behavior.</td>
524 </tr>
525
526 <tr>
527 <td>CXX</td>
528 <td>Tells <tt>configure</tt> which C++ compiler to use. By default,
529 <tt>configure</tt> will look for the first GCC C++ compiler in
530 <tt>PATH</tt>. Use this variable to override
531 <tt>configure</tt>'s default behavior.</td>
532 </tr>
533</table>
534
535<p>The following options can be used to set or enable LLVM specific options:</p>
536
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000537<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000538 <dt><i>--with-llvmgccdir=LLVMGCCDIR</i>
539 <dd>
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000540 Path to the location where the LLVM GCC front end binaries and
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000541 associated libraries were installed. This must be specified as an
542 absolute pathname.
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000543 <p>
544 <dt><i>--enable-optimized</i>
545 <dd>
546 Enables optimized compilation by default (debugging symbols are removed
547 and GCC optimization flags are enabled). The default is to use an
548 unoptimized build (also known as a debug build).
549 <p>
550 <dt><i>--enable-jit</i>
551 <dd>
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000552 Compile the Just In Time (JIT) compiler functionality. This is not
553 available
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000554 on all platforms. The default is dependent on platform, so it is best
555 to explicitly enable it if you want it.
556 <p>
557 <dt><i>--enable-spec2000</i>
558 <dt><i>--enable-spec2000=&lt;<tt>directory</tt>&gt;</i>
559 <dd>
560 Enable the use of SPEC2000 when testing LLVM. This is disabled by default
561 (unless <tt>configure</tt> finds SPEC2000 installed). By specifying
562 <tt>directory</tt>, you can tell configure where to find the SPEC2000
563 benchmarks. If <tt>directory</tt> is left unspecified, <tt>configure</tt>
564 uses the default value
565 <tt>/home/vadve/shared/benchmarks/speccpu2000/benchspec</tt>.
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000566 <p>
567 <dt><i>--enable-spec95</i>
568 <dt><i>--enable-spec95=&lt;<tt>directory</tt>&gt;</i>
569 <dd>
570 Enable the use of SPEC95 when testing LLVM. It is similar to the
571 <i>--enable-spec2000</i> option.
572 <p>
573 <dt><i>--enable-povray</i>
574 <dt><i>--enable-povray=&lt;<tt>directory</tt>&gt;</i>
575 <dd>
576 Enable the use of Povray as an external test. Versions of Povray written
577 in C should work. This option is similar to the <i>--enable-spec2000</i>
578 option.
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000579</dl>
580
581<p>To configure LLVM, follow these steps:</p>
582
583<ol>
584 <li>Change directory into the object root directory:
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +0000585 <br>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000586 <tt>cd <i>OBJ_ROOT</i></tt>
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +0000587 <p>
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +0000588
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000589 <li>Run the <tt>configure</tt> script located in the LLVM source tree:
590 <br>
591 <tt><i>SRC_ROOT</i>/configure</tt>
John Criswell0f6d7c02003-10-27 18:18:16 +0000592 <p>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000593</ol>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000594
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000595<p>In addition to running <tt>configure</tt>, you must set the
596<tt>LLVM_LIB_SEARCH_PATH</tt> environment variable in your startup scripts.
597This environment variable is used to locate "system" libraries like
598"<tt>-lc</tt>" and "<tt>-lm</tt>" when linking. This variable should be set to
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000599the absolute path of the <tt>bytecode-libs</tt> subdirectory of the GCC front
600end, or <i>LLVMGCCDIR</i>/<tt>bytecode-libs</tt>. For example, one might set
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000601<tt>LLVM_LIB_SEARCH_PATH</tt> to
John Criswelld000e1d2003-12-18 16:43:17 +0000602<tt>/home/vadve/lattner/local/x86/llvm-gcc/bytecode-libs</tt> for the x86
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000603version of the GCC front end on our research machines.</p>
John Criswell7a73b802003-06-30 21:59:07 +0000604
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000605</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000606
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000607<!-- ======================================================================= -->
608<div class="doc_subsection">
609 <a name="compile">Compiling the LLVM Suite Source Code</a>
610</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000611
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000612<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell0b459202003-07-08 20:35:59 +0000613
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000614<p>Once you have configured LLVM, you can build it. There are three types of
615builds:</p>
John Criswell0b459202003-07-08 20:35:59 +0000616
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000617<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000618 <dt>Debug Builds
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000619 <dd>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000620 These builds are the default when one types <tt>gmake</tt> (unless the
621 <tt>--enable-optimized</tt> option was used during configuration). The
622 build system will compile the tools and libraries with debugging
623 information.
624 <p>
625
626 <dt>Release (Optimized) Builds
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000627 <dd>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000628 These builds are enabled with the <tt>--enable-optimized</tt> option to
629 <tt>configure</tt> or by specifying <tt>ENABLE_OPTIMIZED=1</tt> on the
630 <tt>gmake</tt> command line. For these builds, the build system will
631 compile the tools and libraries with GCC optimizations enabled and strip
632 debugging information from the libraries and executables it generates.
633 <p>
634
635 <dt>Profile Builds
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000636 <dd>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000637 These builds are for use with profiling. They compile profiling
638 information into the code for use with programs like <tt>gprof</tt>.
639 Profile builds must be started by specifying <tt>ENABLE_PROFILING=1</tt>
640 on the <tt>gmake</tt> command line.
641</dl>
John Criswell7a73b802003-06-30 21:59:07 +0000642
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000643<p>Once you have LLVM configured, you can build it by entering the
644<i>OBJ_ROOT</i> directory and issuing the following command:</p>
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000645
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000646<p><tt>gmake</tt></p>
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000647
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000648<p>If you have multiple processors in your machine, you may wish to use some of
649the parallel build options provided by GNU Make. For example, you could use the
650command:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000651
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000652<p><tt>gmake -j2</tt></p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000653
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000654<p>There are several special targets which are useful when working with the LLVM
655source code:</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000656
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000657<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000658 <dt><tt>gmake clean</tt>
659 <dd>
660 Removes all files generated by the build. This includes object files,
661 generated C/C++ files, libraries, and executables.
662 <p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000663
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000664 <dt><tt>gmake distclean</tt>
665 <dd>
666 Removes everything that <tt>gmake clean</tt> does, but also removes
667 files generated by <tt>configure</tt>. It attempts to return the
668 source tree to the original state in which it was shipped.
669 <p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000670
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000671 <dt><tt>gmake install</tt>
672 <dd>
673 Installs LLVM files into the proper location. For the most part,
674 this does nothing, but it does install bytecode libraries into the
675 GCC front end's bytecode library directory. If you need to update
676 your bytecode libraries, this is the target to use once you've built
677 them.
678 <p>
679</dl>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000680
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000681<p>It is also possible to override default values from <tt>configure</tt> by
682declaring variables on the command line. The following are some examples:</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000683
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000684<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000685 <dt><tt>gmake ENABLE_OPTIMIZED=1</tt>
686 <dd>
687 Perform a Release (Optimized) build.
688 <p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000689
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000690 <dt><tt>gmake ENABLE_PROFILING=1</tt>
691 <dd>
692 Perform a Profiling build.
693 <p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000694
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000695 <dt><tt>gmake VERBOSE=1</tt>
696 <dd>
697 Print what <tt>gmake</tt> is doing on standard output.
698 <p>
699</dl>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000700
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000701<p>Every directory in the LLVM object tree includes a <tt>Makefile</tt> to build
702it and any subdirectories that it contains. Entering any directory inside the
703LLVM object tree and typing <tt>gmake</tt> should rebuild anything in or below
704that directory that is out of date.</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000705
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000706</div>
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000707
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000708<!-- ======================================================================= -->
709<div class="doc_subsection">
710 <a name="objfiles">The Location of LLVM Object Files</a>
711</div>
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000712
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000713<div class="doc_text">
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000714
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000715<p>The LLVM build system is capable of sharing a single LLVM source tree among
716several LLVM builds. Hence, it is possible to build LLVM for several different
717platforms or configurations using the same source tree.</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000718
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000719<p>This is accomplished in the typical autoconf manner:</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000720
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000721<ul>
722 <li><p>Change directory to where the LLVM object files should live:</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000723
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000724 <p><tt>cd <i>OBJ_ROOT</i></tt></p></li>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000725
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000726 <li><p>Run the <tt>configure</tt> script found in the LLVM source
727 directory:</p>
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +0000728
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000729 <p><tt><i>SRC_ROOT</i>/configure</tt></p></li>
730</ul>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000731
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000732<p>The LLVM build will place files underneath <i>OBJ_ROOT</i> in directories
733named after the build type:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000734
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000735<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000736 <dt>Debug Builds
737 <dd>
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000738 <dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000739 <dt>Tools
740 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/tools/Debug</tt>
741 <dt>Libraries
742 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/lib/Debug</tt>
743 </dl>
744 <p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000745
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000746 <dt>Release Builds
747 <dd>
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000748 <dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000749 <dt>Tools
750 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/tools/Release</tt>
751 <dt>Libraries
752 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/lib/Release</tt>
753 </dl>
754 <p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000755
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000756 <dt>Profile Builds
757 <dd>
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000758 <dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000759 <dt>Tools
760 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/tools/Profile</tt>
761 <dt>Libraries
762 <dd><tt><i>OBJ_ROOT</i>/lib/Profile</tt>
763 </dl>
764</dl>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000765
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000766</div>
Chris Lattner7fe7f812002-07-24 19:51:14 +0000767
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000768<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
769<div class="doc_section">
770 <a name="layout"><b>Program Layout</b></a>
771</div>
772<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000773
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000774<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000775
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000776<p>One useful source of information about the LLVM source base is the LLVM <a
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000777href="http://www.doxygen.org">doxygen</a> documentation available at <tt><a
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000778href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/doxygen/">http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/doxygen/</a></tt>.
779The following is a brief introduction to code layout:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000780
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000781</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000782
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000783<!-- ======================================================================= -->
784<div class="doc_subsection">
785 <a name="cvsdir"><tt>CVS</tt> directories</a>
786</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000787
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000788<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000789
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000790<p>Every directory checked out of CVS will contain a <tt>CVS</tt> directory; for
791the most part these can just be ignored.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000792
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000793</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000794
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000795<!-- ======================================================================= -->
796<div class="doc_subsection">
797 <a name="include"><tt>llvm/include</tt></a>
798</div>
799
800<div class="doc_text">
801
802<p>This directory contains public header files exported from the LLVM
803library. The three main subdirectories of this directory are:</p>
804
805<ol>
806 <li><tt>llvm/include/llvm</tt> - This directory contains all of the LLVM
807 specific header files. This directory also has subdirectories for
808 different portions of LLVM: <tt>Analysis</tt>, <tt>CodeGen</tt>,
809 <tt>Target</tt>, <tt>Transforms</tt>, etc...</li>
810
811 <li><tt>llvm/include/Support</tt> - This directory contains generic
812 support libraries that are independent of LLVM, but are used by LLVM.
813 For example, some C++ STL utilities and a Command Line option processing
814 library store their header files here.</li>
815
816 <li><tt>llvm/include/Config</tt> - This directory contains header files
817 configured by the <tt>configure</tt> script. They wrap "standard" UNIX
818 and C header files. Source code can include these header files which
819 automatically take care of the conditional #includes that the
820 <tt>configure</tt> script generates.</li>
821</ol>
822
823</div>
824
825<!-- ======================================================================= -->
826<div class="doc_subsection">
827 <a name="lib"><tt>llvm/lib</tt></a>
828</div>
829
830<div class="doc_text">
831
832<p>This directory contains most of the source files of the LLVM system. In LLVM,
833almost all code exists in libraries, making it very easy to share code among the
834different <a href="#tools">tools</a>.</p>
835
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000836<dl>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000837 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/VMCore/</tt><dd> This directory holds the core LLVM
838 source files that implement core classes like Instruction and BasicBlock.
839
840 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/AsmParser/</tt><dd> This directory holds the source code
841 for the LLVM assembly language parser library.
842
843 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/ByteCode/</tt><dd> This directory holds code for reading
844 and write LLVM bytecode.
845
846 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/CWriter/</tt><dd> This directory implements the LLVM to C
847 converter.
848
849 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/Analysis/</tt><dd> This directory contains a variety of
850 different program analyses, such as Dominator Information, Call Graphs,
851 Induction Variables, Interval Identification, Natural Loop Identification,
852 etc...
853
854 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/Transforms/</tt><dd> This directory contains the source
855 code for the LLVM to LLVM program transformations, such as Aggressive Dead
856 Code Elimination, Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation, Inlining, Loop
857 Invariant Code Motion, Dead Global Elimination, and many others...
858
859 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/Target/</tt><dd> This directory contains files that
860 describe various target architectures for code generation. For example,
861 the llvm/lib/Target/Sparc directory holds the Sparc machine
862 description.<br>
863
864 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/CodeGen/</tt><dd> This directory contains the major parts
865 of the code generator: Instruction Selector, Instruction Scheduling, and
866 Register Allocation.
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000867
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000868 <dt><tt>llvm/lib/Support/</tt><dd> This directory contains the source code
869 that corresponds to the header files located in
870 <tt>llvm/include/Support/</tt>.
871</dl>
John Criswell7a73b802003-06-30 21:59:07 +0000872
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000873</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000874
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000875<!-- ======================================================================= -->
876<div class="doc_subsection">
877 <a name="runtime"><tt>llvm/runtime</tt></a>
878</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000879
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000880<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000881
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000882<p>This directory contains libraries which are compiled into LLVM bytecode and
883used when linking programs with the GCC front end. Most of these libraries are
884skeleton versions of real libraries; for example, libc is a stripped down
885version of glibc.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000886
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000887<p>Unlike the rest of the LLVM suite, this directory needs the LLVM GCC front
888end to compile.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000889
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000890</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000891
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000892<!-- ======================================================================= -->
893<div class="doc_subsection">
894 <a name="test"><tt>llvm/test</tt></a>
895</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000896
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000897<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000898
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000899<p>This directory contains regression tests and source code that is used to test
900the LLVM infrastructure.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000901
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000902</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000903
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000904<!-- ======================================================================= -->
905<div class="doc_subsection">
906 <a name="tools"><tt>llvm/tools</tt></a>
907</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000908
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000909<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000910
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000911<p>The <b>tools</b> directory contains the executables built out of the
912libraries above, which form the main part of the user interface. You can
913always get help for a tool by typing <tt>tool_name --help</tt>. The
John Criswell364cec42004-03-12 20:31:37 +0000914following is a brief introduction to the most important tools:</p>
John Criswell20d2d3e2003-10-10 14:26:14 +0000915
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000916<dl>
917 <dt><tt><b>analyze</b></tt> <dd><tt>analyze</tt> is used to run a specific
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000918 analysis on an input LLVM bytecode file and print out the results. It is
919 primarily useful for debugging analyses, or familiarizing yourself with
920 what an analysis does.<p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000921
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000922 <dt><tt><b>bugpoint</b></tt> <dd><tt>bugpoint</tt> is used to debug
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000923 optimization passes or code generation backends by narrowing down the
924 given test case to the minimum number of passes and/or instructions that
925 still cause a problem, whether it is a crash or miscompilation. See <a
926 href="HowToSubmitABug.html">HowToSubmitABug.html</a> for more information
927 on using <tt>bugpoint</tt>.<p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000928
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000929 <dt><tt><b>llvm-ar</b></tt> <dd>The archiver produces an archive containing
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000930 the given LLVM bytecode files, optionally with an index for faster
931 lookup.<p>
932
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000933 <dt><tt><b>llvm-as</b></tt> <dd>The assembler transforms the human readable
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000934 LLVM assembly to LLVM bytecode.<p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000935
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000936 <dt><tt><b>llvm-dis</b></tt><dd>The disassembler transforms the LLVM
Chris Lattner036e6392004-02-14 01:07:17 +0000937 bytecode to human readable LLVM assembly.<p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000938
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000939 <dt><tt><b>llvm-link</b></tt><dd> <tt>llvm-link</tt>, not surprisingly,
940 links multiple LLVM modules into a single program.<p>
941
942 <dt><tt><b>lli</b></tt><dd> <tt>lli</tt> is the LLVM interpreter, which
943 can directly execute LLVM bytecode (although very slowly...). In addition
944 to a simple interpreter, <tt>lli</tt> also has a tracing mode (entered by
945 specifying <tt>-trace</tt> on the command line). Finally, for
946 architectures that support it (currently only x86 and Sparc), by default,
947 <tt>lli</tt> will function as a Just-In-Time compiler (if the
948 functionality was compiled in), and will execute the code <i>much</i>
949 faster than the interpreter.<p>
Misha Brukmanef0ad412003-10-06 19:23:34 +0000950
Chris Lattner036e6392004-02-14 01:07:17 +0000951 <dt><tt><b>llc</b></tt><dd> <tt>llc</tt> is the LLVM backend compiler, which
952 translates LLVM bytecode to a SPARC or x86 assembly file, or to C code (with
953 the -march=c option).<p>
Misha Brukmanef0ad412003-10-06 19:23:34 +0000954
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000955 <dt><tt><b>llvmgcc</b></tt><dd> <tt>llvmgcc</tt> is a GCC-based C frontend
956 that has been retargeted to emit LLVM code as the machine code output. It
957 works just like any other GCC compiler, taking the typical <tt>-c, -S, -E,
958 -o</tt> options that are typically used. The source code for the
959 <tt>llvmgcc</tt> tool is currently not included in the LLVM CVS tree
960 because it is quite large and not very interesting.<p>
Misha Brukmanef0ad412003-10-06 19:23:34 +0000961
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000962 <blockquote>
963 <dl>
964 <dt><tt><b>gccas</b></tt> <dd>This tool is invoked by the
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000965 <tt>llvmgcc</tt> frontend as the "assembler" part of the compiler. This
966 tool actually assembles LLVM assembly to LLVM bytecode,
967 performs a variety of optimizations, and outputs LLVM bytecode. Thus
968 when you invoke <tt>llvmgcc -c x.c -o x.o</tt>, you are causing
969 <tt>gccas</tt> to be run, which writes the <tt>x.o</tt> file (which is
970 an LLVM bytecode file that can be disassembled or manipulated just like
971 any other bytecode file). The command line interface to <tt>gccas</tt>
972 is designed to be as close as possible to the <b>system</b>
973 `<tt>as</tt>' utility so that the gcc frontend itself did not have to be
974 modified to interface to a "weird" assembler.<p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000975
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000976 <dt><tt><b>gccld</b></tt> <dd><tt>gccld</tt> links together several LLVM
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000977 bytecode files into one bytecode file and does some optimization. It is
978 the linker invoked by the GCC frontend when multiple .o files need to be
979 linked together. Like <tt>gccas</tt>, the command line interface of
980 <tt>gccld</tt> is designed to match the system linker, to aid
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000981 interfacing with the GCC frontend.</dl><p>
982 </blockquote>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000983
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000984 <dt><tt><b>opt</b></tt><dd> <tt>opt</tt> reads LLVM bytecode, applies a
985 series of LLVM to LLVM transformations (which are specified on the command
986 line), and then outputs the resultant bytecode. The '<tt>opt --help</tt>'
987 command is a good way to get a list of the program transformations
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +0000988 available in LLVM.
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000989
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000990</dl>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000991
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000992</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000993
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000994<!-- ======================================================================= -->
995<div class="doc_subsection">
996 <a name="utils"><tt>llvm/utils</tt></a>
997</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +0000998
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +0000999<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001000
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001001<p>This directory contains utilities for working with LLVM source code, and some
1002of the utilities are actually required as part of the build process because they
1003are code generators for parts of LLVM infrastructure.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001004
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001005<dl>
1006 <dt><tt><b>Burg/</b></tt> <dd><tt>Burg</tt> is an instruction selector
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001007 generator -- it builds trees on which it then performs pattern-matching to
1008 select instructions according to the patterns the user has specified. Burg
1009 is currently used in the Sparc V9 backend.<p>
John Criswell0b459202003-07-08 20:35:59 +00001010
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001011 <dt><tt><b>codegen-diff</b></tt> <dd><tt>codegen-diff</tt> is a script
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001012 that finds differences between code that LLC generates and code that LLI
1013 generates. This is a useful tool if you are debugging one of them,
1014 assuming that the other generates correct output. For the full user
1015 manual, run <tt>`perldoc codegen-diff'</tt>.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001016
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001017 <dt><tt><b>cvsupdate</b></tt> <dd><tt>cvsupdate</tt> is a script that will
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001018 update your CVS tree, but produce a much cleaner and more organized output
1019 than simply running <tt>`cvs -z3 up -dP'</tt> will. For example, it will group
1020 together all the new and updated files and modified files in separate
1021 sections, so you can see at a glance what has changed. If you are at the
1022 top of your LLVM CVS tree, running <tt>utils/cvsupdate</tt> is the
1023 preferred way of updating the tree.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001024
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001025 <dt><tt><b>emacs/</b></tt> <dd>The <tt>emacs</tt> directory contains
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001026 syntax-highlighting files which will work with Emacs and XEmacs editors,
1027 providing syntax highlighting support for LLVM assembly files and TableGen
1028 description files. For information on how to use the syntax files, consult
1029 the <tt>README</tt> file in that directory.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001030
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001031 <dt><tt><b>getsrcs.sh</b></tt> <dd>The <tt>getsrcs.sh</tt> script finds
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001032 and outputs all non-generated source files, which is useful if one wishes
1033 to do a lot of development across directories and does not want to
1034 individually find each file. One way to use it is to run, for example:
1035 <tt>xemacs `utils/getsources.sh`</tt> from the top of your LLVM source
1036 tree.<p>
1037
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001038 <dt><tt><b>makellvm</b></tt> <dd>The <tt>makellvm</tt> script compiles all
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001039 files in the current directory and then compiles and links the tool that
1040 is the first argument. For example, assuming you are in the directory
1041 <tt>llvm/lib/Target/Sparc</tt>, if <tt>makellvm</tt> is in your path,
1042 simply running <tt>makellvm llc</tt> will make a build of the current
1043 directory, switch to directory <tt>llvm/tools/llc</tt> and build it,
1044 causing a re-linking of LLC.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001045
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001046 <dt><tt><b>NightlyTest.pl</b></tt> and
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001047 <tt><b>NightlyTestTemplate.html</b></tt> <dd>These files are used in a
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001048 cron script to generate nightly status reports of the functionality of
1049 tools, and the results can be seen by following the appropriate link on
1050 the <a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/">LLVM homepage</a>.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001051
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001052 <dt><tt><b>TableGen/</b></tt> <dd>The <tt>TableGen</tt> directory contains
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001053 the tool used to generate register descriptions, instruction set
1054 descriptions, and even assemblers from common TableGen description
1055 files.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001056
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001057 <dt><tt><b>vim/</b></tt> <dd>The <tt>vim</tt> directory contains
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001058 syntax-highlighting files which will work with the VIM editor, providing
1059 syntax highlighting support for LLVM assembly files and TableGen
1060 description files. For information on how to use the syntax files, consult
1061 the <tt>README</tt> file in that directory.<p>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001062
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001063</dl>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001064
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001065</div>
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001066
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001067<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
1068<div class="doc_section">
1069 <a name="tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
1070</div>
1071<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
Misha Brukmanc103adf2003-08-11 18:45:46 +00001072
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001073<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001074
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001075<ol>
1076 <li>First, create a simple C file, name it 'hello.c':
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001077 <pre>
1078 #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
1079 int main() {
1080 printf("hello world\n");
1081 return 0;
1082 }
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001083 </pre></li>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001084
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001085 <li><p>Next, compile the C file into a LLVM bytecode file:</p>
1086 <p><tt>% llvmgcc hello.c -o hello</tt></p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001087
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001088 <p>This will create two result files: <tt>hello</tt> and
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001089 <tt>hello.bc</tt>. The <tt>hello.bc</tt> is the LLVM bytecode that
1090 corresponds the the compiled program and the library facilities that it
1091 required. <tt>hello</tt> is a simple shell script that runs the bytecode
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001092 file with <tt>lli</tt>, making the result directly executable.</p></li>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001093
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001094 <li><p>Run the program. To make sure the program ran, execute one of the
1095 following commands:</p>
John Criswell8df90e02003-06-11 20:46:40 +00001096
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001097 <p><tt>% ./hello</tt></p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001098
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001099 <p>or</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001100
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001101 <p><tt>% lli hello.bc</tt></p></li>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001102
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001103 <li><p>Use the <tt>llvm-dis</tt> utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly
1104 code:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001105
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001106 <p><tt>% llvm-dis &lt; hello.bc | less</tt><p></li>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001107
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001108 <li><p>Compile the program to native Sparc assembly using the code
1109 generator (assuming you are currently on a Sparc system):</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001110
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001111 <p><tt>% llc hello.bc -o hello.s</tt></p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001112
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001113 <li><p>Assemble the native sparc assemble file into a program:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001114
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001115 <p><tt>% /opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc -xarch=v9 hello.s -o hello.sparc</tt></p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001116
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001117 <li><p>Execute the native sparc program:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001118
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001119 <p><tt>% ./hello.sparc</tt></p></li>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001120
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001121</ol>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001122
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001123</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001124
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001125<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
1126<div class="doc_section">
1127 <a name="problems">Common Problems</a>
1128</div>
1129<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +00001130
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001131<div class="doc_text">
John Criswellce760f62003-07-03 16:01:38 +00001132
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001133<p>If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
1134general questions about LLVM, please consult the <a href="FAQ.html">Frequently
1135Asked Questions</a> page.</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001136
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001137</div>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001138
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001139<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
1140<div class="doc_section">
1141 <a name="links">Links</a>
1142</div>
1143<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001144
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001145<div class="doc_text">
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001146
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001147<p>This document is just an <b>introduction</b> to how to use LLVM to do
1148some simple things... there are many more interesting and complicated things
1149that you can do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch
1150if you want to write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check
1151out:</p>
John Criswell85ed3612003-06-12 19:34:44 +00001152
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001153<ul>
1154 <li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/">LLVM homepage</a></li>
1155 <li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/doxygen/">LLVM doxygen tree</a></li>
1156 <li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/docs/Projects.html">Starting a Project
1157 that Uses LLVM</a></li>
1158</ul>
1159
1160</div>
1161
1162<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
1163
1164<hr>
Misha Brukman142207b2003-11-22 01:30:01 +00001165<address>
Misha Brukman54111c42004-01-20 00:20:17 +00001166 <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer"><img
1167 src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss" alt="Valid CSS!"></a>
1168 <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer"><img
1169 src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401" alt="Valid HTML 4.01!" /></a>
1170
Misha Brukman142207b2003-11-22 01:30:01 +00001171 <a href="mailto:sabre@nondot.org">Chris Lattner</a><br>
1172 <a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001173 Last modified: $Date$
Misha Brukman142207b2003-11-22 01:30:01 +00001174</address>
Misha Brukman00c73d22003-11-07 19:43:14 +00001175
1176</body>
Guochun Shif4688a82002-07-17 23:05:56 +00001177</html>