external/openssh: update to 6.8p1.

In preparation for some updates to external/openssh to make it work with
BoringSSL, this change updates the code to a recent version. The current
version (5.9p1) is coming up on four years old now.

  * Confirmed that f5c67b478bef9992de9e9ec91ce10af4f6205e0d matches
    OpenSSH 5.9p1 exactly (save for the removal of the scard
    subdirectory).

  * Downloaded openssh-6.8p1.tar.gz (SHA256:
    3ff64ce73ee124480b5bf767b9830d7d3c03bbcb6abe716b78f0192c37ce160e)
    and verified with PGP signature. (I've verified Damien's key in
    person previously.)

  * Applied changes between f5c67b478bef9992de9e9ec91ce10af4f6205e0d and
    OpenSSH 5.9p1 to 6.8p1 and updated the build as best I can. The
    ugliest change is probably the duplication of umac.c to umac128.c
    because Android conditionally compiles that file twice. See the
    comment in those files.

Change-Id: I63cb07a8118afb5a377f116087a0882914cea486
diff --git a/ssh-keygen.c b/ssh-keygen.c
index 4b6218b..a3c2362 100644
--- a/ssh-keygen.c
+++ b/ssh-keygen.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.210 2011/04/18 00:46:05 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.266 2015/02/26 20:45:47 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
 
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
 #include <openssl/pem.h>
 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
+#endif
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -35,21 +36,27 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 #include "xmalloc.h"
-#include "key.h"
+#include "sshkey.h"
 #include "rsa.h"
 #include "authfile.h"
 #include "uuencode.h"
-#include "buffer.h"
+#include "sshbuf.h"
 #include "pathnames.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "match.h"
 #include "hostfile.h"
 #include "dns.h"
+#include "ssh.h"
 #include "ssh2.h"
+#include "ssherr.h"
 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
+#include "atomicio.h"
+#include "krl.h"
+#include "digest.h"
 
 /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key.  This value can be set on the command line. */
 #define DEFAULT_BITS		2048
@@ -87,6 +94,9 @@
 int print_fingerprint = 0;
 int print_bubblebabble = 0;
 
+/* Hash algorithm to use for fingerprints. */
+int fingerprint_hash = SSH_FP_HASH_DEFAULT;
+
 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
 char identity_file[1024];
 int have_identity = 0;
@@ -104,7 +114,7 @@
 char *ca_key_path = NULL;
 
 /* Certificate serial number */
-long long cert_serial = 0;
+unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
 
 /* Key type when certifying */
 u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
@@ -147,32 +157,55 @@
 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
 char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
 
+/* Use new OpenSSH private key format when writing SSH2 keys instead of PEM */
+int use_new_format = 0;
+
+/* Cipher for new-format private keys */
+char *new_format_cipher = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * Number of KDF rounds to derive new format keys /
+ * number of primality trials when screening moduli.
+ */
+int rounds = 0;
+
 /* argv0 */
 extern char *__progname;
 
-char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
+char hostname[NI_MAXHOST];
 
 /* moduli.c */
 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
-int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t);
+int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
+    unsigned long);
 
 static void
-type_bits_valid(int type, u_int32_t *bitsp)
+type_bits_valid(int type, const char *name, u_int32_t *bitsp)
 {
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 	u_int maxbits;
+	int nid;
+#endif
 
 	if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	if (*bitsp == 0) {
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 		if (type == KEY_DSA)
 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
-		else if (type == KEY_ECDSA)
-			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
-		else
+		else if (type == KEY_ECDSA) {
+			if (name != NULL &&
+			    (nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(name)) > 0)
+				*bitsp = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
+			if (*bitsp == 0)
+				*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
+		} else
+#endif
 			*bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
 	}
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 	maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ?
 	    OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS;
 	if (*bitsp > maxbits) {
@@ -181,11 +214,12 @@
 	}
 	if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024)
 		fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits");
-	else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && *bitsp < 768)
+	else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && type != KEY_ED25519 && *bitsp < 768)
 		fatal("Key must at least be 768 bits");
-	else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && key_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
+	else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
 		fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are "
 		    "256, 384 or 521 bits");
+#endif
 }
 
 static void
@@ -197,7 +231,7 @@
 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
 		name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 	else {
-		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
+		switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
 		case KEY_RSA1:
 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY;
 			break;
@@ -217,6 +251,10 @@
 		case KEY_RSA:
 			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 			break;
+		case KEY_ED25519:
+		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
+			name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ED25519;
+			break;
 		default:
 			fprintf(stderr, "bad key type\n");
 			exit(1);
@@ -233,23 +271,26 @@
 	have_identity = 1;
 }
 
-static Key *
+static struct sshkey *
 load_identity(char *filename)
 {
 	char *pass;
-	Key *prv;
+	struct sshkey *prv;
+	int r;
 
-	prv = key_load_private(filename, "", NULL);
-	if (prv == NULL) {
-		if (identity_passphrase)
-			pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
-		else
-			pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
-			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
-		prv = key_load_private(filename, pass, NULL);
-		memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass));
-		xfree(pass);
-	}
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_private(filename, "", &prv, NULL)) == 0)
+		return prv;
+	if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
+		fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
+	if (identity_passphrase)
+		pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
+	else
+		pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
+	r = sshkey_load_private(filename, pass, &prv, NULL);
+	explicit_bzero(pass, strlen(pass));
+	free(pass);
+	if (r != 0)
+		fatal("Load key \"%s\": %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
 	return prv;
 }
 
@@ -258,36 +299,43 @@
 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN		"---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
 #define	SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC	0x3f6ff9eb
 
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 static void
-do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key *k)
+do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *k)
 {
-	u_int len;
+	size_t len;
 	u_char *blob;
 	char comment[61];
+	int r;
 
-	if (key_to_blob(k, &blob, &len) <= 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed\n");
+	if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(k, &blob, &len)) != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
 	snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 	    "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
-	    key_size(k), key_type(k),
+	    sshkey_size(k), sshkey_type(k),
 	    pw->pw_name, hostname);
 
 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
 	fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment);
 	dump_base64(stdout, blob, len);
 	fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
-	key_free(k);
-	xfree(blob);
+	sshkey_free(k);
+	free(blob);
 	exit(0);
 }
 
 static void
-do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key *k)
+do_convert_to_pkcs8(struct sshkey *k)
 {
-	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
+	switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
+	case KEY_RSA1:
 	case KEY_RSA:
 		if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
 			fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
@@ -303,15 +351,16 @@
 		break;
 #endif
 	default:
-		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
+		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
 	}
 	exit(0);
 }
 
 static void
-do_convert_to_pem(Key *k)
+do_convert_to_pem(struct sshkey *k)
 {
-	switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
+	switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
+	case KEY_RSA1:
 	case KEY_RSA:
 		if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
 			fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
@@ -324,7 +373,7 @@
 #endif
 	/* XXX ECDSA? */
 	default:
-		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
+		fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, sshkey_type(k));
 	}
 	exit(0);
 }
@@ -332,24 +381,16 @@
 static void
 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
 {
-	Key *k;
+	struct sshkey *k;
 	struct stat st;
+	int r;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
-	if ((k = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) {
-		if ((k = load_identity(identity_file)) == NULL) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
-			exit(1);
-		}
-	}
-	if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &k, NULL)) != 0)
+		k = load_identity(identity_file);
 	switch (convert_format) {
 	case FMT_RFC4716:
 		do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
@@ -366,110 +407,132 @@
 	exit(0);
 }
 
+/*
+ * This is almost exactly the bignum1 encoding, but with 32 bit for length
+ * instead of 16.
+ */
 static void
-buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer *b, BIGNUM *value)
+buffer_get_bignum_bits(struct sshbuf *b, BIGNUM *value)
 {
-	u_int bignum_bits = buffer_get_int(b);
-	u_int bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
+	u_int bytes, bignum_bits;
+	int r;
 
-	if (buffer_len(b) < bytes)
-		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: input buffer too small: "
-		    "need %d have %d", bytes, buffer_len(b));
-	if (BN_bin2bn(buffer_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
-		fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: BN_bin2bn failed");
-	buffer_consume(b, bytes);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &bignum_bits)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
+	bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
+	if (sshbuf_len(b) < bytes)
+		fatal("%s: input buffer too small: need %d have %zu",
+		    __func__, bytes, sshbuf_len(b));
+	if (BN_bin2bn(sshbuf_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
+		fatal("%s: BN_bin2bn failed", __func__);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, bytes)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 }
 
-static Key *
+static struct sshkey *
 do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen)
 {
-	Buffer b;
-	Key *key = NULL;
+	struct sshbuf *b;
+	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
 	char *type, *cipher;
-	u_char *sig, data[] = "abcde12345";
-	int magic, rlen, ktype, i1, i2, i3, i4;
-	u_int slen;
+	u_char e1, e2, e3, *sig = NULL, data[] = "abcde12345";
+	int r, rlen, ktype;
+	u_int magic, i1, i2, i3, i4;
+	size_t slen;
 	u_long e;
 
-	buffer_init(&b);
-	buffer_append(&b, blob, blen);
+	if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL)
+		fatal("%s: sshbuf_from failed", __func__);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &magic)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 
-	magic = buffer_get_int(&b);
 	if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
-		error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
-		buffer_free(&b);
+		error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic,
+		    SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
+		sshbuf_free(b);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	i1 = buffer_get_int(&b);
-	type   = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
-	cipher = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
-	i2 = buffer_get_int(&b);
-	i3 = buffer_get_int(&b);
-	i4 = buffer_get_int(&b);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i1)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &type, NULL)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &cipher, NULL)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i2)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i3)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &i4)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 	debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
 	if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
 		error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
-		xfree(cipher);
-		buffer_free(&b);
-		xfree(type);
+		free(cipher);
+		sshbuf_free(b);
+		free(type);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	xfree(cipher);
+	free(cipher);
 
 	if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
 		ktype = KEY_DSA;
 	} else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
 		ktype = KEY_RSA;
 	} else {
-		buffer_free(&b);
-		xfree(type);
+		sshbuf_free(b);
+		free(type);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	key = key_new_private(ktype);
-	xfree(type);
+	if ((key = sshkey_new_private(ktype)) == NULL)
+		fatal("key_new_private failed");
+	free(type);
 
 	switch (key->type) {
 	case KEY_DSA:
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->p);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->g);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->q);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->pub_key);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->priv_key);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->p);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->g);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->q);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->pub_key);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->dsa->priv_key);
 		break;
 	case KEY_RSA:
-		e = buffer_get_char(&b);
+		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e1)) != 0 ||
+		    (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e2)) != 0) ||
+		    (e1 < 30 && (r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &e3)) != 0))
+			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
+		e = e1;
 		debug("e %lx", e);
 		if (e < 30) {
 			e <<= 8;
-			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
+			e += e2;
 			debug("e %lx", e);
 			e <<= 8;
-			e += buffer_get_char(&b);
+			e += e3;
 			debug("e %lx", e);
 		}
 		if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) {
-			buffer_free(&b);
-			key_free(key);
+			sshbuf_free(b);
+			sshkey_free(key);
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->d);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->n);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->iqmp);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->q);
-		buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->p);
-		rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->d);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->n);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->iqmp);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->q);
+		buffer_get_bignum_bits(b, key->rsa->p);
+		if ((r = rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa)) != 0)
+			fatal("generate RSA parameters failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
 		break;
 	}
-	rlen = buffer_len(&b);
+	rlen = sshbuf_len(b);
 	if (rlen != 0)
 		error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: "
 		    "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
-	buffer_free(&b);
+	sshbuf_free(b);
 
 	/* try the key */
-	key_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data));
-	key_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data));
-	xfree(sig);
+	if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data), 0) != 0 ||
+	    sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data), 0) != 0) {
+		sshkey_free(key);
+		free(sig);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	free(sig);
 	return key;
 }
 
@@ -504,21 +567,20 @@
 }
 
 static void
-do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key **k, int *private)
+do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 {
-	int blen;
+	int r, blen, escaped = 0;
 	u_int len;
 	char line[1024];
 	u_char blob[8096];
 	char encoded[8096];
-	int escaped = 0;
 	FILE *fp;
 
 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 	encoded[0] = '\0';
 	while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
-		if (line[blen - 1] == '\\')
+		if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\')
 			escaped++;
 		if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
 		    strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
@@ -548,18 +610,17 @@
 		fprintf(stderr, "uudecode failed.\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	*k = *private ?
-	    do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen) :
-	    key_from_blob(blob, blen);
-	if (*k == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed.\n");
+	if (*private)
+		*k = do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen);
+	else if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(blob, blen, k)) != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
 }
 
 static void
-do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key **k, int *private)
+do_convert_from_pkcs8(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 {
 	EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
 	FILE *fp;
@@ -573,21 +634,24 @@
 	fclose(fp);
 	switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) {
 	case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
-		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
+		if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 		(*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
 		break;
 	case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
-		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
+		if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
 		(*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
 		break;
 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 	case EVP_PKEY_EC:
-		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
+		if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 		(*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
 		(*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
-		(*k)->ecdsa_nid = key_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
+		(*k)->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
 		break;
 #endif
 	default:
@@ -599,7 +663,7 @@
 }
 
 static void
-do_convert_from_pem(Key **k, int *private)
+do_convert_from_pem(struct sshkey **k, int *private)
 {
 	FILE *fp;
 	RSA *rsa;
@@ -610,7 +674,8 @@
 	if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 	if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
-		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
+		if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 		(*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 		(*k)->rsa = rsa;
 		fclose(fp);
@@ -619,7 +684,8 @@
 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
 	rewind(fp);
 	if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
-		*k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
+		if ((*k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
 		(*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
 		(*k)->dsa = dsa;
 		fclose(fp);
@@ -633,8 +699,8 @@
 static void
 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
 {
-	Key *k = NULL;
-	int private = 0, ok = 0;
+	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
+	int r, private = 0, ok = 0;
 	struct stat st;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
@@ -656,11 +722,12 @@
 		fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
 	}
 
-	if (!private)
-		ok = key_write(k, stdout);
+	if (!private) {
+		if ((r = sshkey_write(k, stdout)) == 0)
+			ok = 1;
 		if (ok)
 			fprintf(stdout, "\n");
-	else {
+	} else {
 		switch (k->type) {
 		case KEY_DSA:
 			ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
@@ -678,7 +745,7 @@
 			break;
 		default:
 			fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
-			    key_type(k));
+			    sshkey_type(k));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -686,15 +753,17 @@
 		fprintf(stderr, "key write failed\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	key_free(k);
+	sshkey_free(k);
 	exit(0);
 }
+#endif
 
 static void
 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
 {
-	Key *prv;
+	struct sshkey *prv;
 	struct stat st;
+	int r;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
@@ -703,13 +772,9 @@
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	prv = load_identity(identity_file);
-	if (prv == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	if (!key_write(prv, stdout))
-		fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed");
-	key_free(prv);
+	if ((r = sshkey_write(prv, stdout)) != 0)
+		fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
+	sshkey_free(prv);
 	fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 	exit(0);
 }
@@ -718,19 +783,39 @@
 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
 {
 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
-	Key **keys = NULL;
+	struct sshkey **keys = NULL;
 	int i, nkeys;
+	enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
+	int fptype;
+	char *fp, *ra;
+
+	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
+	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
 
 	pkcs11_init(0);
 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys);
 	if (nkeys <= 0)
 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
-		key_write(keys[i], stdout);
-		key_free(keys[i]);
-		fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+		if (print_fingerprint) {
+			fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
+			ra = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], fingerprint_hash,
+			    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
+			if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
+				fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
+			printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", sshkey_size(keys[i]),
+			    fp, sshkey_type(keys[i]));
+			if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
+				printf("%s\n", ra);
+			free(ra);
+			free(fp);
+		} else {
+			(void) sshkey_write(keys[i], stdout); /* XXX check */
+			fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+		}
+		sshkey_free(keys[i]);
 	}
-	xfree(keys);
+	free(keys);
 	pkcs11_terminate();
 	exit(0);
 #else
@@ -742,38 +827,42 @@
 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
 {
 	FILE *f;
-	Key *public;
+	struct sshkey *public;
 	char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra;
-	int i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
-	enum fp_rep rep;
-	enum fp_type fptype;
+	int r, i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
+	enum sshkey_fp_rep rep;
+	int fptype;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
-	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
-
+	fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_DIGEST_SHA1 : fingerprint_hash;
+	rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_DEFAULT;
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
 		perror(identity_file);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	public = key_load_public(identity_file, &comment);
-	if (public != NULL) {
-		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
-		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
-		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment,
-		    key_type(public));
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &public, &comment)) != 0)
+		debug2("Error loading public key \"%s\": %s",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+	else {
+		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
+		ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
+		    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
+		if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
+			fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
+		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp, comment,
+		    sshkey_type(public));
 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 			printf("%s\n", ra);
-		key_free(public);
-		xfree(comment);
-		xfree(ra);
-		xfree(fp);
+		sshkey_free(public);
+		free(comment);
+		free(ra);
+		free(fp);
 		exit(0);
 	}
 	if (comment) {
-		xfree(comment);
+		free(comment);
 		comment = NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -815,26 +904,31 @@
 			*cp++ = '\0';
 		}
 		ep = cp;
-		public = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
-		if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
+		if ((public = sshkey_new(KEY_RSA1)) == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_new failed");
+		if ((r = sshkey_read(public, &cp)) != 0) {
 			cp = ep;
-			key_free(public);
-			public = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
-			if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
-				key_free(public);
+			sshkey_free(public);
+			if ((public = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+				fatal("sshkey_new failed");
+			if ((r = sshkey_read(public, &cp)) != 0) {
+				sshkey_free(public);
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
 		comment = *cp ? cp : comment;
-		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
-		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
-		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp,
-		    comment ? comment : "no comment", key_type(public));
+		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
+		ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
+		    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
+		if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
+			fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
+		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", sshkey_size(public), fp,
+		    comment ? comment : "no comment", sshkey_type(public));
 		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 			printf("%s\n", ra);
-		xfree(ra);
-		xfree(fp);
-		key_free(public);
+		free(ra);
+		free(fp);
+		sshkey_free(public);
 		invalid = 0;
 	}
 	fclose(f);
@@ -857,15 +951,18 @@
 		{ "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE },
 		{ "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
 		{ "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
+#ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 		{ "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
+#endif
+		{ "ed25519", "ED25519",_PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE },
 		{ NULL, NULL, NULL }
 	};
 
 	int first = 0;
 	struct stat st;
-	Key *private, *public;
+	struct sshkey *private, *public;
 	char comment[1024];
-	int i, type, fd;
+	int i, type, fd, r;
 	FILE *f;
 
 	for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
@@ -884,108 +981,188 @@
 		}
 		printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
 		fflush(stdout);
-		arc4random_stir();
-		type = key_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
+		type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
 		strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file));
 		bits = 0;
-		type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
-		private = key_generate(type, bits);
-		if (private == NULL) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
+		type_bits_valid(type, NULL, &bits);
+		if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed: %s\n",
+			    ssh_err(r));
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		public  = key_from_private(private);
+		if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
+			fatal("sshkey_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
 		snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
 		    hostname);
-		if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, "", comment)) {
-			printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
-			key_free(private);
-			key_free(public);
+		if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, "",
+		    comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
+			printf("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s\n", identity_file,
+			    ssh_err(r));
+			sshkey_free(private);
+			sshkey_free(public);
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		key_free(private);
-		arc4random_stir();
+		sshkey_free(private);
 		strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
 		fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
 		if (fd == -1) {
 			printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n",
 			    identity_file);
-			key_free(public);
+			sshkey_free(public);
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
 		f = fdopen(fd, "w");
 		if (f == NULL) {
 			printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
-			key_free(public);
+			close(fd);
+			sshkey_free(public);
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!key_write(public, f)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
-			key_free(public);
+		if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "write key failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
+			fclose(f);
+			sshkey_free(public);
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
 		fclose(f);
-		key_free(public);
+		sshkey_free(public);
 
 	}
 	if (first != 0)
 		printf("\n");
 }
 
-static void
-printhost(FILE *f, const char *name, Key *public, int ca, int hash)
-{
-	if (print_fingerprint) {
-		enum fp_rep rep;
-		enum fp_type fptype;
-		char *fp, *ra;
+struct known_hosts_ctx {
+	const char *host;	/* Hostname searched for in find/delete case */
+	FILE *out;		/* Output file, stdout for find_hosts case */
+	int has_unhashed;	/* When hashing, original had unhashed hosts */
+	int found_key;		/* For find/delete, host was found */
+	int invalid;		/* File contained invalid items; don't delete */
+};
 
-		fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
-		rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
-		fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
-		ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
-		printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, name,
-		    key_type(public));
-		if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
-			printf("%s\n", ra);
-		xfree(ra);
-		xfree(fp);
-	} else {
-		if (hash && (name = host_hash(name, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
-			fatal("hash_host failed");
-		fprintf(f, "%s%s%s ", ca ? CA_MARKER : "", ca ? " " : "", name);
-		if (!key_write(public, f))
-			fatal("key_write failed");
-		fprintf(f, "\n");
+static int
+known_hosts_hash(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
+{
+	struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
+	char *hashed, *cp, *hosts, *ohosts;
+	int has_wild = l->hosts && strcspn(l->hosts, "*?!") != strlen(l->hosts);
+
+	switch (l->status) {
+	case HKF_STATUS_OK:
+	case HKF_STATUS_MATCHED:
+		/*
+		 * Don't hash hosts already already hashed, with wildcard
+		 * characters or a CA/revocation marker.
+		 */
+		if ((l->match & HKF_MATCH_HOST_HASHED) != 0 ||
+		    has_wild || l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
+			fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
+			if (has_wild && !find_host) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s:%ld: ignoring host name "
+				    "with wildcard: %.64s\n", l->path,
+				    l->linenum, l->hosts);
+			}
+			return 0;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Split any comma-separated hostnames from the host list,
+		 * hash and store separately.
+		 */
+		ohosts = hosts = xstrdup(l->hosts);
+		while ((cp = strsep(&hosts, ",")) != NULL && *cp != '\0') {
+			if ((hashed = host_hash(cp, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
+				fatal("hash_host failed");
+			fprintf(ctx->out, "%s %s\n", hashed, l->rawkey);
+			ctx->has_unhashed = 1;
+		}
+		free(ohosts);
+		return 0;
+	case HKF_STATUS_INVALID:
+		/* Retain invalid lines, but mark file as invalid. */
+		ctx->invalid = 1;
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%ld: invalid line\n", l->path, l->linenum);
+		/* FALLTHROUGH */
+	default:
+		fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
+		return 0;
 	}
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+known_hosts_find_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
+{
+	struct known_hosts_ctx *ctx = (struct known_hosts_ctx *)_ctx;
+
+	if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED) {
+		if (delete_host) {
+			if (l->marker != MRK_NONE) {
+				/* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */
+				fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke
+				 * marker, delete it by *not* writing the
+				 * line to ctx->out.
+				 */
+				ctx->found_key = 1;
+				if (!quiet)
+					printf("# Host %s found: line %ld\n",
+					    ctx->host, l->linenum);
+			}
+			return 0;
+		} else if (find_host) {
+			ctx->found_key = 1;
+			if (!quiet) {
+				printf("# Host %s found: line %ld %s\n",
+				    ctx->host,
+				    l->linenum, l->marker == MRK_CA ? "CA" :
+				    (l->marker == MRK_REVOKE ? "REVOKED" : ""));
+			}
+			if (hash_hosts)
+				known_hosts_hash(l, ctx);
+			else
+				fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	} else if (delete_host) {
+		/* Retain non-matching hosts when deleting */
+		if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
+			ctx->invalid = 1;
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%ld: invalid line\n",
+			    l->path, l->linenum);
+		}
+		fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void
 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name)
 {
-	FILE *in, *out = stdout;
-	Key *pub;
-	char *cp, *cp2, *kp, *kp2;
-	char line[16*1024], tmp[MAXPATHLEN], old[MAXPATHLEN];
-	int c, skip = 0, inplace = 0, num = 0, invalid = 0, has_unhashed = 0;
-	int ca;
+	char *cp, tmp[PATH_MAX], old[PATH_MAX];
+	int r, fd, oerrno, inplace = 0;
+	struct known_hosts_ctx ctx;
 
 	if (!have_identity) {
 		cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
 		if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
 		    sizeof(identity_file))
 			fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
-		xfree(cp);
+		free(cp);
 		have_identity = 1;
 	}
-	if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
-		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
+
+	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
+	ctx.out = stdout;
+	ctx.host = name;
 
 	/*
 	 * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
@@ -998,150 +1175,39 @@
 		    strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
 			fatal("known_hosts path too long");
 		umask(077);
-		if ((c = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
+		if ((fd = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
 			fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
-		if ((out = fdopen(c, "w")) == NULL) {
-			c = errno;
+		if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
+			oerrno = errno;
 			unlink(tmp);
-			fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(c));
+			fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno));
 		}
 		inplace = 1;
 	}
 
-	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
-		if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
-			error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line);
-			skip = 1;
-			invalid = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		num++;
-		if (skip) {
-			skip = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		*cp = '\0';
+	/* XXX support identity_file == "-" for stdin */
+	if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(identity_file,
+	    hash_hosts ? known_hosts_hash : known_hosts_find_delete, &ctx,
+	    name, NULL, find_host ? HKF_WANT_MATCH : 0)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: hostkeys_foreach failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 
-		/* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
-		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
-			;
-		if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') {
-			if (inplace)
-				fprintf(out, "%s\n", cp);
-			continue;
-		}
-		/* Check whether this is a CA key */
-		if (strncasecmp(cp, CA_MARKER, sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1) == 0 &&
-		    (cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == ' ' ||
-		    cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == '\t')) {
-			ca = 1;
-			cp += sizeof(CA_MARKER);
-		} else
-			ca = 0;
+	if (inplace)
+		fclose(ctx.out);
 
-		/* Find the end of the host name portion. */
-		for (kp = cp; *kp && *kp != ' ' && *kp != '\t'; kp++)
-			;
-
-		if (*kp == '\0' || *(kp + 1) == '\0') {
-			error("line %d missing key: %.40s...",
-			    num, line);
-			invalid = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		*kp++ = '\0';
-		kp2 = kp;
-
-		pub = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
-		if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
-			kp = kp2;
-			key_free(pub);
-			pub = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
-			if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
-				error("line %d invalid key: %.40s...",
-				    num, line);
-				key_free(pub);
-				invalid = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (*cp == HASH_DELIM) {
-			if (find_host || delete_host) {
-				cp2 = host_hash(name, cp, strlen(cp));
-				if (cp2 == NULL) {
-					error("line %d: invalid hashed "
-					    "name: %.64s...", num, line);
-					invalid = 1;
-					continue;
-				}
-				c = (strcmp(cp2, cp) == 0);
-				if (find_host && c) {
-					printf("# Host %s found: "
-					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
-					    num, key_type(pub),
-					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
-					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
-				}
-				if (delete_host && !c && !ca)
-					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
-			} else if (hash_hosts)
-				printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
-		} else {
-			if (find_host || delete_host) {
-				c = (match_hostname(name, cp,
-				    strlen(cp)) == 1);
-				if (find_host && c) {
-					printf("# Host %s found: "
-					    "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
-					    num, key_type(pub),
-					    ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
-					printhost(out, name, pub,
-					    ca, hash_hosts && !ca);
-				}
-				if (delete_host && !c && !ca)
-					printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
-			} else if (hash_hosts) {
-				for (cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",");
-				    cp2 != NULL && *cp2 != '\0';
-				    cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",")) {
-					if (ca) {
-						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
-						    "ignoring CA key for host: "
-						    "%.64s\n", cp2);
-						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
-					} else if (strcspn(cp2, "*?!") !=
-					    strlen(cp2)) {
-						fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
-						    "ignoring host name with "
-						    "metacharacters: %.64s\n",
-						    cp2);
-						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
-					} else
-						printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 1);
-				}
-				has_unhashed = 1;
-			}
-		}
-		key_free(pub);
-	}
-	fclose(in);
-
-	if (invalid) {
+	if (ctx.invalid) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a valid known_hosts file.\n",
 		    identity_file);
 		if (inplace) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Not replacing existing known_hosts "
 			    "file because of errors\n");
-			fclose(out);
 			unlink(tmp);
 		}
 		exit(1);
-	}
-
-	if (inplace) {
-		fclose(out);
-
+	} else if (delete_host && !ctx.found_key) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Host %s not found in %s\n",
+		    name, identity_file);
+		unlink(tmp);
+	} else if (inplace) {
 		/* Backup existing file */
 		if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
 			fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
@@ -1159,7 +1225,7 @@
 
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s updated.\n", identity_file);
 		fprintf(stderr, "Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
-		if (has_unhashed) {
+		if (ctx.has_unhashed) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: %s contains unhashed "
 			    "entries\n", old);
 			fprintf(stderr, "Delete this file to ensure privacy "
@@ -1167,7 +1233,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	exit(0);
+	exit (find_host && !ctx.found_key);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1180,7 +1246,8 @@
 	char *comment;
 	char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
 	struct stat st;
-	Key *private;
+	struct sshkey *private;
+	int r;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
@@ -1189,24 +1256,28 @@
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
-	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
-	if (private == NULL) {
+	r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "", &private, &comment);
+	if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
 		if (identity_passphrase)
 			old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
 		else
 			old_passphrase =
 			    read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
-		private = key_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
-		    &comment);
-		memset(old_passphrase, 0, strlen(old_passphrase));
-		xfree(old_passphrase);
-		if (private == NULL) {
-			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
-			exit(1);
-		}
+		r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
+		    &private, &comment);
+		explicit_bzero(old_passphrase, strlen(old_passphrase));
+		free(old_passphrase);
+		if (r != 0)
+			goto badkey;
+	} else if (r != 0) {
+ badkey:
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to load key \"%s\": %s\n",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+		exit(1);
 	}
-	printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
+	if (comment)
+		printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
 
 	/* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
 	if (identity_new_passphrase) {
@@ -1221,32 +1292,34 @@
 
 		/* Verify that they are the same. */
 		if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
-			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
-			xfree(passphrase1);
-			xfree(passphrase2);
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
+			free(passphrase1);
+			free(passphrase2);
 			printf("Pass phrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
 		/* Destroy the other copy. */
-		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
-		xfree(passphrase2);
+		explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
+		free(passphrase2);
 	}
 
 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
-	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
-		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
-		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-		xfree(passphrase1);
-		key_free(private);
-		xfree(comment);
+	if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
+	    comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
+		printf("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s.\n",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+		explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+		free(passphrase1);
+		sshkey_free(private);
+		free(comment);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
-	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-	xfree(passphrase1);
-	key_free(private);		 /* Destroys contents */
-	xfree(comment);
+	explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+	free(passphrase1);
+	sshkey_free(private);		 /* Destroys contents */
+	free(comment);
 
 	printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
 	exit(0);
@@ -1258,30 +1331,28 @@
 static int
 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname)
 {
-	Key *public;
+	struct sshkey *public;
 	char *comment = NULL;
 	struct stat st;
+	int r;
 
 	if (fname == NULL)
-		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
+		fatal("%s: no filename", __func__);
 	if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) {
 		if (errno == ENOENT)
 			return 0;
 		perror(fname);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	public = key_load_public(fname, &comment);
-	if (public != NULL) {
-		export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
-		key_free(public);
-		xfree(comment);
-		return 1;
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_public(fname, &public, &comment)) != 0) {
+		printf("Failed to read v2 public key from \"%s\": %s.\n",
+		    fname, ssh_err(r));
+		exit(1);
 	}
-	if (comment)
-		xfree(comment);
-
-	printf("failed to read v2 public key from %s.\n", fname);
-	exit(1);
+	export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
+	sshkey_free(public);
+	free(comment);
+	return 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1291,11 +1362,11 @@
 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw)
 {
 	char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
-	Key *private;
-	Key *public;
+	struct sshkey *private;
+	struct sshkey *public;
 	struct stat st;
 	FILE *f;
-	int fd;
+	int r, fd;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
@@ -1303,8 +1374,14 @@
 		perror(identity_file);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
-	if (private == NULL) {
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, "",
+	    &private, &comment)) == 0)
+		passphrase = xstrdup("");
+	else if (r != SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
+		printf("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.\n",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+		exit(1);
+	} else {
 		if (identity_passphrase)
 			passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
 		else if (identity_new_passphrase)
@@ -1313,19 +1390,18 @@
 			passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
 			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
 		/* Try to load using the passphrase. */
-		private = key_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &comment);
-		if (private == NULL) {
-			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
-			xfree(passphrase);
-			printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
+		if ((r = sshkey_load_private(identity_file, passphrase,
+		    &private, &comment)) != 0) {
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
+			free(passphrase);
+			printf("Cannot load private key \"%s\": %s.\n",
+			    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
 			exit(1);
 		}
-	} else {
-		passphrase = xstrdup("");
 	}
 	if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.\n");
-		key_free(private);
+		sshkey_free(private);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment);
@@ -1336,26 +1412,29 @@
 		printf("Enter new comment: ");
 		fflush(stdout);
 		if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
-			memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
-			key_free(private);
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
+			sshkey_free(private);
 			exit(1);
 		}
 		new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
 	}
 
 	/* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
-	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment)) {
-		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
-		memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
-		xfree(passphrase);
-		key_free(private);
-		xfree(comment);
+	if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase,
+	    new_comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
+		printf("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s\n",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+		explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
+		free(passphrase);
+		sshkey_free(private);
+		free(comment);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
-	xfree(passphrase);
-	public = key_from_private(private);
-	key_free(private);
+	explicit_bzero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
+	free(passphrase);
+	if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0)
+		fatal("key_from_private failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
+	sshkey_free(private);
 
 	strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
 	fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
@@ -1368,13 +1447,13 @@
 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	if (!key_write(public, f))
-		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
-	key_free(public);
+	if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
+		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
+	sshkey_free(public);
 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
 	fclose(f);
 
-	xfree(comment);
+	free(comment);
 
 	printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n");
 	exit(0);
@@ -1419,34 +1498,39 @@
 }
 
 static void
-add_flag_option(Buffer *c, const char *name)
+add_flag_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name)
 {
+	int r;
+
 	debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
-	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
-	buffer_put_string(c, NULL, 0);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(c, NULL, 0)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 }
 
 static void
-add_string_option(Buffer *c, const char *name, const char *value)
+add_string_option(struct sshbuf *c, const char *name, const char *value)
 {
-	Buffer b;
+	struct sshbuf *b;
+	int r;
 
 	debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
-	buffer_init(&b);
-	buffer_put_cstring(&b, value);
+	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
+		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
+	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, value)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(c, name)) != 0 ||
+	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(c, b)) != 0)
+		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 
-	buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
-	buffer_put_string(c, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b));
-
-	buffer_free(&b);
+	sshbuf_free(b);
 }
 
 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL	1
 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS	2
 static void
-prepare_options_buf(Buffer *c, int which)
+prepare_options_buf(struct sshbuf *c, int which)
 {
-	buffer_clear(c);
+	sshbuf_reset(c);
 	if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
 	    certflags_command != NULL)
 		add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
@@ -1470,29 +1554,30 @@
 		add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
 }
 
-static Key *
+static struct sshkey *
 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
 {
 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
-	Key **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
-	int i, nkeys;
+	struct sshkey **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
+	int r, i, nkeys;
 
-	if ((public = key_load_public(path, NULL)) == NULL)
-		fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path);
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_public(path, &public, NULL)) != 0)
+		fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\": %s",
+		    path, ssh_err(r));
 
 	nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys);
 	debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
 	if (nkeys <= 0)
 		fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
-		if (key_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
+		if (sshkey_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
 			private = keys[i];
 			continue;
 		}
-		key_free(keys[i]);
+		sshkey_free(keys[i]);
 	}
-	xfree(keys);
-	key_free(public);
+	free(keys);
+	sshkey_free(public);
 	return private;
 #else
 	fatal("no pkcs11 support");
@@ -1502,15 +1587,15 @@
 static void
 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int i, fd;
+	int r, i, fd;
 	u_int n;
-	Key *ca, *public;
+	struct sshkey *ca, *public;
 	char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL;
 	FILE *f;
 	int v00 = 0; /* legacy keys */
 
 	if (key_type_name != NULL) {
-		switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
+		switch (sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
 		case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
 		case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
 			v00 = 1;
@@ -1528,14 +1613,16 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
 	pkcs11_init(1);
+#endif
 	tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
 	if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
 		if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
 			fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
-	} else if ((ca = load_identity(tmp)) == NULL)
-		fatal("Couldn't load CA key \"%s\"", tmp);
-	xfree(tmp);
+	} else
+		ca = load_identity(tmp);
+	free(tmp);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		/* Split list of principals */
@@ -1548,20 +1635,22 @@
 				if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
 					fatal("Empty principal name");
 			}
-			xfree(otmp);
+			free(otmp);
 		}
 	
 		tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
-		if ((public = key_load_public(tmp, &comment)) == NULL)
-			fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\"", __func__, tmp);
+		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &public, &comment)) != 0)
+			fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\": %s",
+			    __func__, tmp, ssh_err(r));
 		if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA &&
-		    public->type != KEY_ECDSA)
+		    public->type != KEY_ECDSA && public->type != KEY_ED25519)
 			fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
-			    __func__, tmp, key_type(public));
+			    __func__, tmp, sshkey_type(public));
 
 		/* Prepare certificate to sign */
-		if (key_to_certified(public, v00) != 0)
-			fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp);
+		if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(public, v00)) != 0)
+			fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate: %s",
+			    tmp, ssh_err(r));
 		public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
 		public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
 		public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
@@ -1570,37 +1659,40 @@
 		public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
 		public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
 		if (v00) {
-			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
+			prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical,
 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL|OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
 		} else {
-			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
+			prepare_options_buf(public->cert->critical,
 			    OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
-			prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->extensions,
+			prepare_options_buf(public->cert->extensions,
 			    OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
 		}
-		public->cert->signature_key = key_from_private(ca);
+		if ((r = sshkey_from_private(ca,
+		    &public->cert->signature_key)) != 0)
+			fatal("key_from_private (ca key): %s", ssh_err(r));
 
-		if (key_certify(public, ca) != 0)
+		if (sshkey_certify(public, ca) != 0)
 			fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp);
 
 		if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
 			*cp = '\0';
 		xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
-		xfree(tmp);
+		free(tmp);
 
 		if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
 			fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
 			    strerror(errno));
 		if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
 			fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
-		if (!key_write(public, f))
-			fatal("Could not write certified key to %s", out);
+		if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
+			fatal("Could not write certified key to %s: %s",
+			    out, ssh_err(r));
 		fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
 		fclose(f);
 
 		if (!quiet) {
 			logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
-			    "valid %s", key_cert_type(public), 
+			    "valid %s", sshkey_cert_type(public), 
 			    out, public->cert->key_id,
 			    (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
 			    cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
@@ -1608,10 +1700,12 @@
 			    fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to));
 		}
 
-		key_free(public);
-		xfree(out);
+		sshkey_free(public);
+		free(out);
 	}
+#ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
 	pkcs11_terminate();
+#endif
 	exit(0);
 }
 
@@ -1655,7 +1749,7 @@
 		fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s);
 	}
 
-	bzero(&tm, sizeof(tm));
+	memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));
 	if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
 		fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s);
 	if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
@@ -1700,13 +1794,13 @@
 		cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from);
 
 	if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
-		cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, cert_valid_from);
+		cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, now);
 	else
 		cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to);
 
 	if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
 		fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
-	xfree(from);
+	free(from);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1757,20 +1851,20 @@
 }
 
 static void
-show_options(const Buffer *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical)
+show_options(struct sshbuf *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical)
 {
-	u_char *name, *data;
-	u_int dlen;
-	Buffer options, option;
+	char *name, *arg;
+	struct sshbuf *options, *option = NULL;
+	int r;
 
-	buffer_init(&options);
-	buffer_append(&options, buffer_ptr(optbuf), buffer_len(optbuf));
-
-	buffer_init(&option);
-	while (buffer_len(&options) != 0) {
-		name = buffer_get_string(&options, NULL);
-		data = buffer_get_string_ptr(&options, &dlen);
-		buffer_append(&option, data, dlen);
+	if ((options = sshbuf_fromb(optbuf)) == NULL)
+		fatal("%s: sshbuf_fromb failed", __func__);
+	while (sshbuf_len(options) != 0) {
+		sshbuf_free(option);
+		option = NULL;
+		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(options, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
+		    (r = sshbuf_froms(options, &option)) != 0)
+			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 		printf("                %s", name);
 		if ((v00 || !in_critical) && 
 		    (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
@@ -1782,50 +1876,56 @@
 		else if ((v00 || in_critical) &&
 		    (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
 		    strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
-			data = buffer_get_string(&option, NULL);
-			printf(" %s\n", data);
-			xfree(data);
+			if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(option, &arg, NULL)) != 0)
+				fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
+				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
+			printf(" %s\n", arg);
+			free(arg);
 		} else {
-			printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %u)\n",
-			    buffer_len(&option));
-			buffer_clear(&option);
+			printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %zu)\n",
+			    sshbuf_len(option));
+			sshbuf_reset(option);
 		}
-		xfree(name);
-		if (buffer_len(&option) != 0)
+		free(name);
+		if (sshbuf_len(option) != 0)
 			fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
 	}
-	buffer_free(&option);
-	buffer_free(&options);
+	sshbuf_free(option);
+	sshbuf_free(options);
 }
 
 static void
 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
 {
-	Key *key;
+	struct sshkey *key;
 	struct stat st;
 	char *key_fp, *ca_fp;
 	u_int i, v00;
+	int r;
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 	if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
 		fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
-	if ((key = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL)
-		fatal("%s is not a public key", identity_file);
-	if (!key_is_cert(key))
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_public(identity_file, &key, NULL)) != 0)
+		fatal("Cannot load public key \"%s\": %s",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+	if (!sshkey_is_cert(key))
 		fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file);
 	v00 = key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT_V00 || key->type == KEY_DSA_CERT_V00;
 
-	key_fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
-	ca_fp = key_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
-	    SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
+	key_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
+	ca_fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
+	    fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
+	if (key_fp == NULL || ca_fp == NULL)
+		fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint fail", __func__);
 
 	printf("%s:\n", identity_file);
-	printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", key_ssh_name(key),
-	    key_cert_type(key));
-	printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", key_type(key), key_fp);
+	printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", sshkey_ssh_name(key),
+	    sshkey_cert_type(key));
+	printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", sshkey_type(key), key_fp);
 	printf("        Signing CA: %s %s\n",
-	    key_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
+	    sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
 	printf("        Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
 	if (!v00) {
 		printf("        Serial: %llu\n",
@@ -1843,69 +1943,289 @@
 		printf("\n");
 	}
 	printf("        Critical Options: ");
-	if (buffer_len(&key->cert->critical) == 0)
+	if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) == 0)
 		printf("(none)\n");
 	else {
 		printf("\n");
-		show_options(&key->cert->critical, v00, 1);
+		show_options(key->cert->critical, v00, 1);
 	}
 	if (!v00) {
 		printf("        Extensions: ");
-		if (buffer_len(&key->cert->extensions) == 0)
+		if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->extensions) == 0)
 			printf("(none)\n");
 		else {
 			printf("\n");
-			show_options(&key->cert->extensions, v00, 0);
+			show_options(key->cert->extensions, v00, 0);
 		}
 	}
 	exit(0);
 }
 
 static void
+load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
+{
+	struct sshbuf *krlbuf;
+	int r, fd;
+
+	if ((krlbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
+		fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
+	if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
+		fatal("open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	if ((r = sshkey_load_file(fd, krlbuf)) != 0)
+		fatal("Unable to load KRL: %s", ssh_err(r));
+	close(fd);
+	/* XXX check sigs */
+	if ((r = ssh_krl_from_blob(krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0)) != 0 ||
+	    *krlp == NULL)
+		fatal("Invalid KRL file: %s", ssh_err(r));
+	sshbuf_free(krlbuf);
+}
+
+static void
+update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, int wild_ca,
+    const struct sshkey *ca, struct ssh_krl *krl)
+{
+	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
+	u_long lnum = 0;
+	char *path, *cp, *ep, line[SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES];
+	unsigned long long serial, serial2;
+	int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, r;
+	FILE *krl_spec;
+
+	path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
+	if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
+		krl_spec = stdin;
+		free(path);
+		path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
+	} else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
+		fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+
+	if (!quiet)
+		printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
+	while (read_keyfile_line(krl_spec, path, line, sizeof(line),
+	    &lnum) == 0) {
+		was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = 0;
+		cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
+		/* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
+		for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+			if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
+				cp[i] = '\0';
+				break;
+			}
+			if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
+				/* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
+				if (r == -1)
+					r = i;
+			} else
+				r = -1;
+		}
+		if (r != -1)
+			cp[r] = '\0';
+		if (*cp == '\0')
+			continue;
+		if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
+			if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
+				fatal("revoking certificates by serial number "
+				    "requires specification of a CA key");
+			}
+			cp += 7;
+			cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
+			errno = 0;
+			serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
+			if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
+				fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
+				    path, lnum, cp);
+			if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
+				fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
+				    path, lnum);
+			serial2 = serial;
+			if (*ep == '-') {
+				cp = ep + 1;
+				errno = 0;
+				serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
+				if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
+					fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
+					    path, lnum, cp);
+				if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
+					fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
+					    path, lnum);
+				if (serial2 <= serial)
+					fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
+					    "%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
+					    (unsigned long long)serial,
+					    (unsigned long long)serial2);
+			}
+			if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
+			    ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
+				fatal("%s: revoke serial failed",
+				    __func__);
+			}
+		} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
+			if (ca == NULL && !wild_ca) {
+				fatal("revoking certificates by key ID "
+				    "requires specification of a CA key");
+			}
+			cp += 3;
+			cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
+			if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
+				fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__);
+		} else {
+			if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
+				cp += 4;
+				cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
+				was_explicit_key = 1;
+			} else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
+				cp += 5;
+				cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
+				was_sha1 = 1;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Just try to process the line as a key.
+				 * Parsing will fail if it isn't.
+				 */
+			}
+			if ((key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
+				fatal("key_new");
+			if ((r = sshkey_read(key, &cp)) != 0)
+				fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key: %s",
+				    path, lnum, ssh_err(r));
+			if (was_explicit_key)
+				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
+			else if (was_sha1)
+				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, key);
+			else
+				r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
+			if (r != 0)
+				fatal("%s: revoke key failed: %s",
+				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
+			sshkey_free(key);
+		}
+	}
+	if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
+		fclose(krl_spec);
+	free(path);
+}
+
+static void
+do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct ssh_krl *krl;
+	struct stat sb;
+	struct sshkey *ca = NULL;
+	int fd, i, r, wild_ca = 0;
+	char *tmp;
+	struct sshbuf *kbuf;
+
+	if (*identity_file == '\0')
+		fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
+	if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
+			    identity_file, strerror(errno));
+		if (updating)
+			fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
+	}
+	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
+		if (strcasecmp(ca_key_path, "none") == 0)
+			wild_ca = 1;
+		else {
+			tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
+			if ((r = sshkey_load_public(tmp, &ca, NULL)) != 0)
+				fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s: %s",
+				    tmp, ssh_err(r));
+			free(tmp);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (updating)
+		load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
+	else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
+		fatal("couldn't create KRL");
+
+	if (cert_serial != 0)
+		ssh_krl_set_version(krl, cert_serial);
+	if (identity_comment != NULL)
+		ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, identity_comment);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+		update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], wild_ca, ca, krl);
+
+	if ((kbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
+		fatal("sshbuf_new failed");
+	if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
+		fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
+	if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
+		fatal("open %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
+	if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, (void *)sshbuf_ptr(kbuf), sshbuf_len(kbuf)) !=
+	    sshbuf_len(kbuf))
+		fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
+	close(fd);
+	sshbuf_free(kbuf);
+	ssh_krl_free(krl);
+	if (ca != NULL)
+		sshkey_free(ca);
+}
+
+static void
+do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int i, r, ret = 0;
+	char *comment;
+	struct ssh_krl *krl;
+	struct sshkey *k;
+
+	if (*identity_file == '\0')
+		fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
+	load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(argv[i], &k, &comment)) != 0)
+			fatal("Cannot load public key %s: %s",
+			    argv[i], ssh_err(r));
+		r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
+		printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
+		    *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
+		    r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
+		if (r != 0)
+			ret = 1;
+		sshkey_free(k);
+		free(comment);
+	}
+	ssh_krl_free(krl);
+	exit(ret);
+}
+
+static void
 usage(void)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", __progname);
-	fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -A          Generate non-existent host keys for all key types.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -a trials   Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -B          Show bubblebabble digest of key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -b bits     Number of bits in the key to create.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -C comment  Provide new comment.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -c          Change comment in private and public key files.\n");
+	fprintf(stderr,
+	    "usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-t dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1]\n"
+	    "                  [-N new_passphrase] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -p [-P old_passphrase] [-N new_passphrase] [-f keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -i [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -e [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -c [-P passphrase] [-C comment] [-f keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]\n");
 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -D pkcs11   Download public key from pkcs11 token.\n");
+	fprintf(stderr,
+	    "       ssh-keygen -D pkcs11\n");
 #endif
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -e          Export OpenSSH to foreign format key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -f filename Filename of the key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -G file     Generate candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -g          Use generic DNS resource record format.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -H          Hash names in known_hosts file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -h          Generate host certificate instead of a user certificate.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -I key_id   Key identifier to include in certificate.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -i          Import foreign format to OpenSSH key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -L          Print the contents of a certificate.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -l          Show fingerprint of key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -M memory   Amount of memory (MB) to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -m key_fmt  Conversion format for -e/-i (PEM|PKCS8|RFC4716).\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -N phrase   Provide new passphrase.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -n name,... User/host principal names to include in certificate\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -O option   Specify a certificate option.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -P phrase   Provide old passphrase.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -p          Change passphrase of private key file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -q          Quiet.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -r hostname Print DNS resource record.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -S start    Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -s ca_key   Certify keys with CA key.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -T file     Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -t type     Specify type of key to create.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -V from:to  Specify certificate validity interval.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -v          Verbose.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -W gen      Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -y          Read private key file and print public key.\n");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  -z serial   Specify a serial number.\n");
-
+	fprintf(stderr,
+	    "       ssh-keygen -F hostname [-f known_hosts_file] [-l]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -r hostname [-f input_keyfile] [-g]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -G output_file [-v] [-b bits] [-M memory] [-S start_point]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -T output_file -f input_file [-v] [-a rounds] [-J num_lines]\n"
+	    "                  [-j start_line] [-K checkpt] [-W generator]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I certificate_identity [-h] [-n principals]\n"
+	    "                  [-O option] [-V validity_interval] [-z serial_number] file ...\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -A\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]\n"
+	    "                  file ...\n"
+	    "       ssh-keygen -Q -f krl_file file ...\n");
 	exit(1);
 }
 
@@ -1915,15 +2235,17 @@
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	char dotsshdir[MAXPATHLEN], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
-	char out_file[MAXPATHLEN], *rr_hostname = NULL;
-	Key *private, *public;
+	char dotsshdir[PATH_MAX], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
+	char *checkpoint = NULL;
+	char out_file[PATH_MAX], *rr_hostname = NULL, *ep, *fp, *ra;
+	struct sshkey *private, *public;
 	struct passwd *pw;
 	struct stat st;
-	int opt, type, fd;
-	u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0, trials = 100;
+	int r, opt, type, fd;
+	u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0;
 	int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0;
-	int gen_all_hostkeys = 0;
+	int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
+	unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
 	BIGNUM *start = NULL;
 	FILE *f;
 	const char *errstr;
@@ -1936,7 +2258,9 @@
 
 	__progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
 
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
+#endif
 	log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
 
 	seed_rng();
@@ -1944,7 +2268,7 @@
 	/* we need this for the home * directory.  */
 	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
 	if (!pw) {
-		printf("You don't exist, go away!\n");
+		printf("No user exists for uid %lu\n", (u_long)getuid());
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) {
@@ -1952,8 +2276,10 @@
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
-	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "AegiqpclBHLhvxXyF:b:f:t:D:I:P:m:N:n:"
-	    "O:C:r:g:R:T:G:M:S:s:a:V:W:z:")) != -1) {
+	/* Remaining characters: UYdw */
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHLQXceghiklopquvxy"
+	    "C:D:E:F:G:I:J:K:M:N:O:P:R:S:T:V:W:Z:"
+	    "a:b:f:g:j:m:n:r:s:t:z:")) != -1) {
 		switch (opt) {
 		case 'A':
 			gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
@@ -1964,6 +2290,11 @@
 				fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
 					optarg, errstr);
 			break;
+		case 'E':
+			fingerprint_hash = ssh_digest_alg_by_name(optarg);
+			if (fingerprint_hash == -1)
+				fatal("Invalid hash algorithm \"%s\"", optarg);
+			break;
 		case 'F':
 			find_host = 1;
 			rr_hostname = optarg;
@@ -1974,6 +2305,12 @@
 		case 'I':
 			cert_key_id = optarg;
 			break;
+		case 'J':
+			lines_to_process = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
+                        break;
+		case 'j':
+			start_lineno = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
+                        break;
 		case 'R':
 			delete_host = 1;
 			rr_hostname = optarg;
@@ -2005,6 +2342,9 @@
 		case 'n':
 			cert_principals = optarg;
 			break;
+		case 'o':
+			use_new_format = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'p':
 			change_passphrase = 1;
 			break;
@@ -2026,9 +2366,15 @@
 		case 'N':
 			identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
 			break;
+		case 'Q':
+			check_krl = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'O':
 			add_cert_option(optarg);
 			break;
+		case 'Z':
+			new_format_cipher = optarg;
+			break;
 		case 'C':
 			identity_comment = optarg;
 			break;
@@ -2044,6 +2390,9 @@
 			cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
 			certflags_flags = 0;
 			break;
+		case 'k':
+			gen_krl = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'i':
 		case 'X':
 			/* import key */
@@ -2061,6 +2410,9 @@
 		case 'D':
 			pkcs11provider = optarg;
 			break;
+		case 'u':
+			update_krl = 1;
+			break;
 		case 'v':
 			if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
 				log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
@@ -2081,11 +2433,12 @@
 					optarg, errstr);
 			break;
 		case 'a':
-			trials = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
+			rounds = (int)strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 			if (errstr)
-				fatal("Invalid number of trials: %s (%s)",
+				fatal("Invalid number: %s (%s)",
 					optarg, errstr);
 			break;
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 		case 'M':
 			memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
 			if (errstr)
@@ -2103,18 +2456,26 @@
 			    sizeof(out_file))
 				fatal("Output filename too long");
 			break;
+		case 'K':
+			if (strlen(optarg) >= PATH_MAX)
+				fatal("Checkpoint filename too long");
+			checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg);
+			break;
 		case 'S':
 			/* XXX - also compare length against bits */
 			if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0)
 				fatal("Invalid start point.");
 			break;
+#endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
 		case 'V':
 			parse_cert_times(optarg);
 			break;
 		case 'z':
-			cert_serial = strtonum(optarg, 0, LLONG_MAX, &errstr);
-			if (errstr)
-				fatal("Invalid serial number: %s", errstr);
+			errno = 0;
+			cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
+			if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
+			    (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
+				fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
 			break;
 		case '?':
 		default:
@@ -2129,11 +2490,11 @@
 	argc -= optind;
 
 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
-		if (argc < 1) {
+		if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
 			printf("Too few arguments.\n");
 			usage();
 		}
-	} else if (argc > 0) {
+	} else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl) {
 		printf("Too many arguments.\n");
 		usage();
 	}
@@ -2142,9 +2503,17 @@
 		usage();
 	}
 	if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
-		printf("Cannot use -l with -D or -R.\n");
+		printf("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.\n");
 		usage();
 	}
+	if (gen_krl) {
+		do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, argc, argv);
+		return (0);
+	}
+	if (check_krl) {
+		do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv);
+		return (0);
+	}
 	if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
 		if (cert_key_id == NULL)
 			fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
@@ -2154,16 +2523,20 @@
 		do_show_cert(pw);
 	if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host)
 		do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname);
+	if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
+		do_download(pw);
 	if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
 		do_fingerprint(pw);
 	if (change_passphrase)
 		do_change_passphrase(pw);
 	if (change_comment)
 		do_change_comment(pw);
+#ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 	if (convert_to)
 		do_convert_to(pw);
 	if (convert_from)
 		do_convert_from(pw);
+#endif
 	if (print_public)
 		do_print_public(pw);
 	if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
@@ -2183,14 +2556,15 @@
 			    _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
 			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
 			    _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
-
+			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
+			    _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
+			n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
+			    _PATH_HOST_ED25519_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
 			if (n == 0)
 				fatal("no keys found.");
 			exit(0);
 		}
 	}
-	if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
-		do_download(pw);
 
 	if (do_gen_candidates) {
 		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
@@ -2210,7 +2584,7 @@
 
 	if (do_screen_candidates) {
 		FILE *in;
-		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
+		FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "a");
 
 		if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
 			if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
@@ -2225,7 +2599,9 @@
 			fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
 			    out_file, strerror(errno));
 		}
-		if (prime_test(in, out, trials, generator_wanted) != 0)
+		if (prime_test(in, out, rounds == 0 ? 100 : rounds,
+		    generator_wanted, checkpoint,
+		    start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
 			fatal("modulus screening failed");
 		return (0);
 	}
@@ -2235,22 +2611,23 @@
 		return (0);
 	}
 
-	arc4random_stir();
-
 	if (key_type_name == NULL)
 		key_type_name = "rsa";
 
-	type = key_type_from_name(key_type_name);
-	type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
+	type = sshkey_type_from_name(key_type_name);
+	type_bits_valid(type, key_type_name, &bits);
 
 	if (!quiet)
-		printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name);
-	private = key_generate(type, bits);
-	if (private == NULL) {
+		printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n",
+		    key_type_name);
+	if ((r = sshkey_generate(type, bits, &private)) != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	public  = key_from_private(private);
+	if ((r = sshkey_from_private(private, &public)) != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "key_from_private failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
+		exit(1);
+	}
 
 	if (!have_identity)
 		ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
@@ -2298,16 +2675,16 @@
 			 * The passphrases do not match.  Clear them and
 			 * retry.
 			 */
-			memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-			memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
-			xfree(passphrase1);
-			xfree(passphrase2);
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+			explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
+			free(passphrase1);
+			free(passphrase2);
 			printf("Passphrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
 			goto passphrase_again;
 		}
 		/* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
-		memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
-		xfree(passphrase2);
+		explicit_bzero(passphrase2, strlen(passphrase2));
+		free(passphrase2);
 	}
 
 	if (identity_comment) {
@@ -2318,19 +2695,20 @@
 	}
 
 	/* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
-	if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
-		printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
-		memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-		xfree(passphrase1);
+	if ((r = sshkey_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1,
+	    comment, use_new_format, new_format_cipher, rounds)) != 0) {
+		printf("Saving key \"%s\" failed: %s\n",
+		    identity_file, ssh_err(r));
+		explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+		free(passphrase1);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 	/* Clear the passphrase. */
-	memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
-	xfree(passphrase1);
+	explicit_bzero(passphrase1, strlen(passphrase1));
+	free(passphrase1);
 
 	/* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */
-	key_free(private);
-	arc4random_stir();
+	sshkey_free(private);
 
 	if (!quiet)
 		printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file);
@@ -2346,25 +2724,28 @@
 		printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	if (!key_write(public, f))
-		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
+	if ((r = sshkey_write(public, f)) != 0)
+		fprintf(stderr, "write key failed: %s\n", ssh_err(r));
 	fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
 	fclose(f);
 
 	if (!quiet) {
-		char *fp = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
-		char *ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5,
+		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
+		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
+		ra = sshkey_fingerprint(public, fingerprint_hash,
 		    SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
+		if (fp == NULL || ra == NULL)
+			fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
 		printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n",
 		    identity_file);
 		printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
 		printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
 		printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
 		printf("%s\n", ra);
-		xfree(ra);
-		xfree(fp);
+		free(ra);
+		free(fp);
 	}
 
-	key_free(public);
+	sshkey_free(public);
 	exit(0);
 }