usage: valgrind [options] prog-and-args

  common user options for all Valgrind tools, with defaults in [ ]:
    --tool=<name>             use the Valgrind tool named <name> [memcheck]
    -h --help                 show this message
    --help-debug              show this message, plus debugging options
    --version                 show version
    -q --quiet                run silently; only print error msgs
    -v --verbose              be more verbose, incl counts of errors
    --trace-children=no|yes   Valgrind-ise child processes? [no]
    --track-fds=no|yes        track open file descriptors? [no]
    --time-stamp=no|yes       add timestamps to log messages? [no]
    --log-fd=<number>         log messages to file descriptor [2=stderr]
    --log-file=<file>         log messages to <file>.<pid>
    --log-file-exactly=<file> log messages to <file>
    --log-file-qualifier=<VAR> incorporate $VAR in logfile name [none]
    --log-socket=ipaddr:port  log messages to socket ipaddr:port

  uncommon user options for all Valgrind tools:
    --run-libc-freeres=no|yes free up glibc memory at exit? [yes]
    --sim-hints=hint1,hint2,...  known hints:
                                 lax-ioctls, enable-outer [none]
    --show-emwarns=no|yes     show warnings about emulation limits? [no]
    --smc-check=none|stack|all  checks for self-modifying code: none,
                              only for code found in stacks, or all [stack]
    --kernel-variant=variant1,variant2,...  known variants: bproc [none]
                              handle non-standard kernel variants

  user options for Valgrind tools that report errors:
    --xml=yes                 all output is in XML (Memcheck/Nulgrind only)
    --xml-user-comment=STR    copy STR verbatim to XML output
    --demangle=no|yes         automatically demangle C++ names? [yes]
    --num-callers=<number>    show <number> callers in stack traces [12]
    --error-limit=no|yes      stop showing new errors if too many? [yes]
    --show-below-main=no|yes  continue stack traces below main() [no]
    --suppressions=<filename> suppress errors described in <filename>
    --gen-suppressions=no|yes|all    print suppressions for errors? [no]
    --db-attach=no|yes        start debugger when errors detected? [no]
    --db-command=<command>    command to start debugger [gdb -nw %f %p]
    --input-fd=<number>       file descriptor for input [0=stdin]
    --max-stackframe=<number> assume stack switch for SP changes larger
                              than <number> bytes [2000000]

  user options for Nulgrind:
    (none)

  debugging options for all Valgrind tools:
    --sanity-level=<number>   level of sanity checking to do [1]
    --trace-flags=<XXXXXXXX>   show generated code? (X = 0|1) [00000000]
    --profile-flags=<XXXXXXXX> ditto, but for profiling (X = 0|1) [00000000]
    --trace-notbelow=<number> only show BBs above <number> [0]
    --trace-syscalls=no|yes   show all system calls? [no]
    --trace-signals=no|yes    show signal handling details? [no]
    --trace-symtab=no|yes     show symbol table details? [no]
    --trace-cfi=no|yes        show call-frame-info details? [no]
    --trace-sched=no|yes      show thread scheduler details? [no]
    --wait-for-gdb=yes|no     pause on startup to wait for gdb attach
    --command-line-only=no|yes  only use command line options [no]

    --vex-iropt-verbosity             0 .. 9 [0]
    --vex-iropt-level                 0 .. 2 [2]
    --vex-iropt-precise-memory-exns   [no]
    --vex-iropt-unroll-thresh         0 .. 400 [120]
    --vex-guest-max-insns             1 .. 100 [50]
    --vex-guest-chase-thresh          0 .. 99  [10]

    --trace-flags and --profile-flags values (omit the middle space):
       1000 0000   show conversion into IR
       0100 0000   show after initial opt
       0010 0000   show after instrumentation
       0001 0000   show after second opt
       0000 1000   show after tree building
       0000 0100   show selecting insns
       0000 0010   show after reg-alloc
       0000 0001   show final assembly

  debugging options for Valgrind tools that report errors
    --dump-error=<number>     show translation for basic block associated
                              with <number>'th error context [0=show none]

  debugging options for Nulgrind:
    (none)

  Extra options read from ~/.valgrindrc, $VALGRIND_OPTS, ./.valgrindrc

  Valgrind is Copyright (C) 2000-2005 Julian Seward et al.
  and licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.
  Bug reports, feedback, admiration, abuse, etc, to: www.valgrind.org.

  Tools are copyright and licensed by their authors.  See each
  tool's start-up message for more information.