Vboot Reference: Refactor Code.

This CL does the following:
1) It adds a SignatureBuf function which uses the OpenSSL library to generate RSA signature. This is more robust than the previous way of invoking the command line "openssl" utility and capturing its output. No more unnecessary temporary files for signature operations.
2) It adds functions that allow direct manipulation of binary verified Firmware and Kernel Image blobs in memory.
3) It changes the structure field members for FirmwareImage to make it consistent with KernelImage. Now it's clearer which key is used when.
4) Minor bug fixes and slightly improved API for dealing verified boot firmware and kernel images.
5) Renames the RSA_verify function to prevent conflicts with OpenSSL since it's linked into the firmware utility binary.

Review URL: http://codereview.chromium.org/661353
diff --git a/utils/firmware_image.c b/utils/firmware_image.c
index d5b0549..0aa44f1 100644
--- a/utils/firmware_image.c
+++ b/utils/firmware_image.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "padding.h"
 #include "rsa_utility.h"
 #include "sha_utility.h"
+#include "signature_digest.h"
 #include "utility.h"
 
 /* Macro to determine the size of a field structure in the FirmwareImage
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@
 FirmwareImage* FirmwareImageNew(void) {
   FirmwareImage* image = (FirmwareImage*) Malloc(sizeof(FirmwareImage));
   if (image) {
-    image->sign_key = NULL;
+    image->firmware_sign_key = NULL;
     image->preamble_signature = NULL;
     image->firmware_signature = NULL;
     image->firmware_data = NULL;
@@ -37,10 +38,11 @@
 
 void FirmwareImageFree(FirmwareImage* image) {
   if (image) {
-    Free(image->sign_key);
+    Free(image->firmware_sign_key);
     Free(image->preamble_signature);
     Free(image->firmware_signature);
     Free(image->firmware_data);
+    Free(image);
   }
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@
   uint32_t file_size;
   int image_len = 0;  /* Total size of the firmware image. */
   int header_len = 0;
-  int sign_key_len;
+  int firmware_sign_key_len;
   int signature_len;
   uint8_t* firmware_buf;
   MemcpyState st;
@@ -64,46 +66,49 @@
   st.remaining_buf = firmware_buf;
 
   /* Read and compare magic bytes. */
-  if (!StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->magic, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE))
-    goto parse_failure;
-
+  StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->magic, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE);
   if (SafeMemcmp(image->magic, FIRMWARE_MAGIC, FIRMWARE_MAGIC_SIZE)) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Wrong Firmware Magic.\n");
-    goto parse_failure;
+    Free(firmware_buf);
+    return NULL;
   }
-
   StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len));
-  StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm));
+  StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm));
 
   /* Valid Algorithm? */
-  if (image->sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms)
-    goto parse_failure;
+  if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms) {
+    Free(firmware_buf);
+    return NULL;
+  }
 
   /* Compute size of pre-processed RSA public key and signature. */
-  sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->sign_algorithm);
-  signature_len = siglen_map[image->sign_algorithm];
-
+  firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm);
+  signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm];
 
   /* Check whether the header length is correct. */
   header_len = (FIELD_LEN(header_len) +
-                FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm) +
-                sign_key_len +
-                FIELD_LEN(key_version) +
+                FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) +
+                firmware_sign_key_len +
+                FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version) +
                 FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
   if (header_len != image->header_len) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Header length mismatch. Got: %d Expected: %d\n",
             image->header_len, header_len);
-    goto parse_failure;
+    Free(firmware_buf);
+    return NULL;
   }
 
   /* Read pre-processed public half of the sign key. */
-  image->sign_key = (uint8_t*) Malloc(sign_key_len);
-  StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->sign_key, sign_key_len);
-  StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->key_version, FIELD_LEN(key_version));
+  image->firmware_sign_key = (uint8_t*) Malloc(firmware_sign_key_len);
+  StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_sign_key, firmware_sign_key_len);
+  StatefulMemcpy(&st, &image->firmware_key_version,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version));
   StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
 
   /* Read key signature. */
-  StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->key_signature, FIELD_LEN(key_signature));
+  StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_key_signature,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature));
 
   /* Read the firmware preamble. */
   StatefulMemcpy(&st,&image->firmware_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_version));
@@ -120,62 +125,141 @@
   image->firmware_data = (uint8_t*) Malloc(image->firmware_len);
   StatefulMemcpy(&st, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len);
 
-  if(st.remaining_len != 0) /* Overrun or underrun. */
-    goto parse_failure;
-
-  Free(firmware_buf);
-  return image;
-
-parse_failure:
-  Free(firmware_buf);
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-void WriteFirmwareHeader(int fd, FirmwareImage* image) {
-  int sign_key_len;
-  write(fd, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len));
-  write(fd, &image->sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(header_len));
-  sign_key_len = (image->header_len - FIELD_LEN(header_len) -
-                  FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm) -
-                  FIELD_LEN(key_version) -
-                  FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
-  write(fd, image->sign_key, sign_key_len);
-  write(fd, &image->key_version, FIELD_LEN(key_version));
-  write(fd, &image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
-}
-
-void WriteFirmwarePreamble(int fd, FirmwareImage* image) {
-  write(fd, &image->firmware_version,
-        FIELD_LEN(firmware_version));
-  write(fd, &image->firmware_len, FIELD_LEN(firmware_len));
-  write(fd, image->preamble, FIELD_LEN(preamble));
-}
-
-FirmwareImage* WriteFirmwareImage(const char* input_file,
-                                  FirmwareImage* image) {
-  int fd;
-  int signature_len;
-
-  if (!image)
-    return NULL;
-  if (-1 == (fd = creat(input_file, S_IRWXU))) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open file for writing.\n");
+  if(st.remaining_len != 0) {  /* Overrun or underrun. */
+    Free(firmware_buf);
     return NULL;
   }
 
-  write(fd, image->magic, FIELD_LEN(magic));
-  WriteFirmwareHeader(fd, image);
-  write(fd, image->key_signature, FIELD_LEN(key_signature));
-  signature_len = siglen_map[image->sign_algorithm];
-  WriteFirmwarePreamble(fd, image);
-  write(fd, image->preamble_signature, signature_len);
-  write(fd, image->firmware_signature, signature_len);
-  write(fd, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len);
-
-  close(fd);
+  Free(firmware_buf);
   return image;
 }
 
+int GetFirmwareHeaderLen(const FirmwareImage* image) {
+  return (FIELD_LEN(header_len) + FIELD_LEN(header_len) +
+          RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm) +
+          FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version) + FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
+}
+
+uint8_t* GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(const FirmwareImage* image) {
+  uint8_t* header_blob = NULL;
+  MemcpyState st;
+
+  header_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image));
+  st.remaining_len = GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image);
+  st.remaining_buf = header_blob;
+
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_len, FIELD_LEN(header_len));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_sign_algorithm, FIELD_LEN(header_len));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_sign_key,
+                 RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_key_version,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->header_checksum, FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
+
+  if (st.remaining_len != 0) {  /* Underrun or Overrun. */
+    Free(header_blob);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return header_blob;
+}
+
+int GetFirmwarePreambleLen(const FirmwareImage* image) {
+  return (FIELD_LEN(firmware_version) + FIELD_LEN(firmware_len) +
+          FIELD_LEN(preamble));
+}
+
+uint8_t* GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(const FirmwareImage* image) {
+  uint8_t* preamble_blob = NULL;
+  MemcpyState st;
+
+  preamble_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image));
+  st.remaining_len = GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image);
+  st.remaining_buf = preamble_blob;
+
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_version, FIELD_LEN(firmware_version));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, &image->firmware_len, FIELD_LEN(firmware_len));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->preamble, FIELD_LEN(preamble));
+
+  if (st.remaining_len != 0 ) {  /* Underrun or Overrun. */
+    Free(preamble_blob);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return preamble_blob;
+}
+
+
+uint8_t* GetFirmwareBlob(const FirmwareImage* image, int* blob_len) {
+  int firmware_signature_len;
+  uint8_t* firmware_blob = NULL;
+  uint8_t* header_blob = NULL;
+  uint8_t* preamble_blob = NULL;
+  MemcpyState st;
+
+  if (!image)
+    return NULL;
+
+  firmware_signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm];
+  *blob_len = (FIELD_LEN(magic) +
+               GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image) +
+               FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature) +
+               GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image) +
+               2 * firmware_signature_len +
+               image->firmware_len);
+  firmware_blob = (uint8_t*) Malloc(*blob_len);
+  st.remaining_len = *blob_len;
+  st.remaining_buf = firmware_blob;
+
+  header_blob = GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(image);
+  preamble_blob = GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(image);
+
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->magic, FIELD_LEN(magic));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, header_blob, GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_key_signature,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, preamble_blob, GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image));
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->preamble_signature, firmware_signature_len);
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_signature, firmware_signature_len);
+  StatefulMemcpy_r(&st, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len);
+
+  Free(preamble_blob);
+  Free(header_blob);
+
+  if (st.remaining_len != 0) { /* Underrun or Overrun. */
+    Free(firmware_blob);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return firmware_blob;
+}
+
+int WriteFirmwareImage(const char* input_file,
+                       const FirmwareImage* image) {
+  int fd;
+  uint8_t* firmware_blob;
+  int blob_len;
+
+  if (!image)
+    return 0;
+  if (-1 == (fd = creat(input_file, S_IRWXU))) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open file for writing.\n");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  firmware_blob = GetFirmwareBlob(image, &blob_len);
+  if (!firmware_blob) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't create firmware blob from FirmwareImage.\n");
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (blob_len != write(fd, firmware_blob, blob_len)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't write Firmware Image to file: %s\n", input_file);
+    Free(firmware_blob);
+    close(fd);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  Free(firmware_blob);
+  close(fd);
+  return 1;
+}
+
 void PrintFirmwareImage(const FirmwareImage* image) {
   if (!image)
     return;
@@ -186,9 +270,9 @@
          "Signature Algorithm = %s\n"
          "Key Version = %d\n\n",
          image->header_len,
-         image->sign_algorithm,
-         algo_strings[image->sign_algorithm],
-         image->key_version);
+         image->firmware_sign_algorithm,
+         algo_strings[image->firmware_sign_algorithm],
+         image->firmware_key_version);
   /* TODO(gauravsh): Output hash and key signature here? */
   /* Print preamble. */
   printf("Firmware Version = %d\n"
@@ -213,31 +297,31 @@
                          const int dev_mode,
                          int* algorithm,
                          int* header_len) {
-  int sign_key_len;
+  int firmware_sign_key_len;
   int root_key_len;
   uint16_t hlen, algo;
   uint8_t* header_checksum = NULL;
 
   /* Base Offset for the header_checksum field. Actual offset is
-   * this + sign_key_len. */
+   * this + firmware_sign_key_len. */
   int base_header_checksum_offset = (FIELD_LEN(header_len) +
-                                     FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm) +
-                                     FIELD_LEN(key_version));
+                                     FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm) +
+                                     FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version));
 
 
   root_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
   Memcpy(&hlen, header_blob, sizeof(hlen));
   Memcpy(&algo,
-         header_blob + FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm),
+         header_blob + FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm),
          sizeof(algo));
   if (algo >= kNumAlgorithms)
     return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_ALGORITHM;
   *algorithm = (int) algo;
-  sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(*algorithm);
+  firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(*algorithm);
 
   /* Verify if header len is correct? */
   if (hlen != (base_header_checksum_offset +
-               sign_key_len +
+               firmware_sign_key_len +
                FIELD_LEN(header_checksum)))
     return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_IMAGE;
 
@@ -248,7 +332,8 @@
                               *header_len - FIELD_LEN(header_checksum),
                               SHA512_DIGEST_ALGORITHM);
   if (SafeMemcmp(header_checksum,
-                  header_blob + (base_header_checksum_offset + sign_key_len),
+                  header_blob + (base_header_checksum_offset +
+                                 firmware_sign_key_len),
                   FIELD_LEN(header_checksum))) {
     Free(header_checksum);
     return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_IMAGE;
@@ -267,7 +352,7 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
-int VerifyFirmwarePreamble(RSAPublicKey* sign_key,
+int VerifyFirmwarePreamble(RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key,
                            const uint8_t* preamble_blob,
                            int algorithm,
                            int* firmware_len) {
@@ -276,7 +361,7 @@
   preamble_len = (FIELD_LEN(firmware_version) +
                   FIELD_LEN(firmware_len) +
                   FIELD_LEN(preamble));
-  if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, sign_key,  /* Key to use */
+  if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, firmware_sign_key,  /* Key to use */
                          preamble_blob,  /* Data to verify */
                          preamble_len,  /* Length of data */
                          preamble_blob + preamble_len,  /* Expected Signature */
@@ -289,12 +374,12 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
-int VerifyFirmwareData(RSAPublicKey* sign_key,
+int VerifyFirmwareData(RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key,
                        const uint8_t* firmware_data_start,
                        int firmware_len,
                        int algorithm) {
   int signature_len = siglen_map[algorithm];
-  if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, sign_key,  /* Key to use. */
+  if (!RSAVerifyBinary_f(NULL, firmware_sign_key,  /* Key to use. */
                          firmware_data_start + signature_len,  /* Data to
                                                                 * verify */
                          firmware_len,  /* Length of data. */
@@ -309,10 +394,10 @@
                    const int dev_mode) {
   int error_code;
   int algorithm;  /* Signing key algorithm. */
-  RSAPublicKey* sign_key;
-  int sign_key_len, signature_len, header_len, firmware_len;
+  RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key;
+  int firmware_sign_key_len, signature_len, header_len, firmware_len;
   const uint8_t* header_ptr;  /* Pointer to header. */
-  const uint8_t* sign_key_ptr;  /* Pointer to signing key. */
+  const uint8_t* firmware_sign_key_ptr;  /* Pointer to signing key. */
   const uint8_t* preamble_ptr;  /* Pointer to preamble block. */
   const uint8_t* firmware_ptr;  /* Pointer to firmware signature/data. */
 
@@ -331,16 +416,18 @@
 
   /* Parse signing key into RSAPublicKey structure since it is required multiple
    * times. */
-  sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(algorithm);
-  sign_key_ptr = header_ptr + (FIELD_LEN(header_len) +
-                               FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm));
-  sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(sign_key_ptr, sign_key_len);
+  firmware_sign_key_len = RSAProcessedKeySize(algorithm);
+  firmware_sign_key_ptr = header_ptr + (FIELD_LEN(header_len) +
+                               FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm));
+  firmware_sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(firmware_sign_key_ptr,
+                                          firmware_sign_key_len);
   signature_len = siglen_map[algorithm];
 
   /* Only continue if preamble verification succeeds. */
   preamble_ptr = (header_ptr + header_len +
-                  FIELD_LEN(key_signature));
-  if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwarePreamble(sign_key, preamble_ptr, algorithm,
+                  FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature));
+  if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwarePreamble(firmware_sign_key, preamble_ptr,
+                                           algorithm,
                                            &firmware_len)))
     return error_code;  /* AKA jump to recovery. */
 
@@ -351,7 +438,8 @@
                   FIELD_LEN(preamble) +
                   signature_len);
 
-  if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwareData(sign_key, firmware_ptr, firmware_len,
+  if ((error_code = VerifyFirmwareData(firmware_sign_key, firmware_ptr,
+                                       firmware_len,
                                        algorithm)))
     return error_code;  /* AKA jump to recovery. */
 
@@ -361,11 +449,11 @@
 int VerifyFirmwareImage(const RSAPublicKey* root_key,
                         const FirmwareImage* image,
                         const int dev_mode) {
-  RSAPublicKey* sign_key;
+  RSAPublicKey* firmware_sign_key;
   uint8_t* header_digest = NULL;
   uint8_t* preamble_digest = NULL;
   uint8_t* firmware_digest = NULL;
-  int sign_key_size;
+  int firmware_sign_key_size;
   int signature_size;
   int error_code = 0;
   DigestContext ctx;
@@ -384,17 +472,17 @@
     DigestInit(&ctx, ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
     DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->header_len,
                  FIELD_LEN(header_len));
-    DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->sign_algorithm,
-                 FIELD_LEN(sign_algorithm));
-    DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->sign_key,
-                 RSAProcessedKeySize(image->sign_algorithm));
-    DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->key_version,
-                 FIELD_LEN(key_version));
+    DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_sign_algorithm,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_sign_algorithm));
+    DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->firmware_sign_key,
+                 RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm));
+    DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_key_version,
+                 FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_version));
     DigestUpdate(&ctx, image->header_checksum,
                  FIELD_LEN(header_checksum));
     header_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx);
-    if (!RSA_verify(root_key, image->key_signature,
-                    FIELD_LEN(key_signature),
+    if (!RSAVerify(root_key, image->firmware_key_signature,
+                    FIELD_LEN(firmware_key_signature),
                     ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM,
                     header_digest)) {
       error_code =  VERIFY_FIRMWARE_ROOT_SIGNATURE_FAILED;
@@ -403,16 +491,16 @@
   }
 
   /* Get sign key to verify the rest of the firmware. */
-  sign_key_size = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->sign_algorithm);
-  sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(image->sign_key,
-                                 sign_key_size);
-  signature_size = siglen_map[image->sign_algorithm];
+  firmware_sign_key_size = RSAProcessedKeySize(image->firmware_sign_algorithm);
+  firmware_sign_key = RSAPublicKeyFromBuf(image->firmware_sign_key,
+                                 firmware_sign_key_size);
+  signature_size = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm];
 
-  if (image->sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms)
+  if (image->firmware_sign_algorithm >= kNumAlgorithms)
     return VERIFY_FIRMWARE_INVALID_ALGORITHM;
 
   /* Verify firmware preamble signature. */
-  DigestInit(&ctx, image->sign_algorithm);
+  DigestInit(&ctx, image->firmware_sign_algorithm);
   DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_version,
                FIELD_LEN(firmware_version));
   DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->firmware_len,
@@ -420,8 +508,8 @@
   DigestUpdate(&ctx, (uint8_t*) &image->preamble,
                FIELD_LEN(preamble));
   preamble_digest = DigestFinal(&ctx);
-  if (!RSA_verify(sign_key, image->preamble_signature,
-                  signature_size, image->sign_algorithm,
+  if (!RSAVerify(firmware_sign_key, image->preamble_signature,
+                  signature_size, image->firmware_sign_algorithm,
                   preamble_digest)) {
     error_code = VERIFY_FIRMWARE_PREAMBLE_SIGNATURE_FAILED;
     goto verify_failure;
@@ -430,9 +518,9 @@
   /* Verify firmware signature. */
   firmware_digest = DigestBuf(image->firmware_data,
                               image->firmware_len,
-                              image->sign_algorithm);
-  if(!RSA_verify(sign_key, image->firmware_signature,
-                 signature_size, image->sign_algorithm,
+                              image->firmware_sign_algorithm);
+  if (!RSAVerify(firmware_sign_key, image->firmware_signature,
+                 signature_size, image->firmware_sign_algorithm,
                  firmware_digest)) {
     error_code = VERIFY_FIRMWARE_SIGNATURE_FAILED;
     goto verify_failure;
@@ -450,64 +538,49 @@
 }
 
 int AddFirmwareKeySignature(FirmwareImage* image, const char* root_key_file) {
-  int tmp_hdr_fd;
-  char* tmp_hdr_file = ".tmpHdrFile";
+  uint8_t* header_blob = NULL;
   uint8_t* signature;
-
-  if(-1 == (tmp_hdr_fd = creat(tmp_hdr_file, S_IRWXU))) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary file for writing "
-            "firmware header.\n");
+  if (!image || !root_key_file)
+    return 0;
+  header_blob = GetFirmwareHeaderBlob(image);
+  if (!header_blob)
+    return 0;
+  if (!(signature = SignatureBuf(header_blob,
+                                 GetFirmwareHeaderLen(image),
+                                 root_key_file,
+                                 ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM))) {
+    Free(header_blob);
     return 0;
   }
-  WriteFirmwareHeader(tmp_hdr_fd, image);
-  close(tmp_hdr_fd);
-
-  if (!(signature = SignatureFile(tmp_hdr_file, root_key_file,
-                                  ROOT_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM)))
-    return 0;
-  Memcpy(image->key_signature, signature, RSA8192NUMBYTES);
+  Memcpy(image->firmware_key_signature, signature, RSA8192NUMBYTES);
+  Free(header_blob);
+  Free(signature);
   return 1;
 }
 
-int AddFirmwareSignature(FirmwareImage* image, const char* signing_key_file,
-                         int algorithm) {
-  int tmp_preamble_fd;
-  char* tmp_preamble_file = ".tmpPreambleFile";
-  int tmp_firmware_fd;
-  char* tmp_firmware_file = ".tmpFirmwareFile";
+int AddFirmwareSignature(FirmwareImage* image, const char* signing_key_file) {
+  uint8_t* preamble_blob;
   uint8_t* preamble_signature;
   uint8_t* firmware_signature;
-  int signature_len = siglen_map[algorithm];
+  int signature_len = siglen_map[image->firmware_sign_algorithm];
 
-  /* Write preamble to a file. */
-  if(-1 == (tmp_preamble_fd = creat(tmp_preamble_file, S_IRWXU))) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary file for writing "
-            "firmware preamble.\n");
+  preamble_blob = GetFirmwarePreambleBlob(image);
+  if (!(preamble_signature = SignatureBuf(preamble_blob,
+                                          GetFirmwarePreambleLen(image),
+                                          signing_key_file,
+                                          image->firmware_sign_algorithm))) {
+    Free(preamble_blob);
     return 0;
   }
-  WriteFirmwarePreamble(tmp_preamble_fd, image);
-  close(tmp_preamble_fd);
-  if (!(preamble_signature = SignatureFile(tmp_preamble_file, signing_key_file,
-                                           algorithm)))
-    return 0;
   image->preamble_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len);
   Memcpy(image->preamble_signature, preamble_signature, signature_len);
   Free(preamble_signature);
 
-  if (-1 == (tmp_firmware_fd = creat(tmp_firmware_file, S_IRWXU))) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary file for writing "
-            "firmware.\n");
+  if (!(firmware_signature = SignatureBuf(image->firmware_data,
+                                          image->firmware_len,
+                                          signing_key_file,
+                                          image->firmware_sign_algorithm)))
     return 0;
-  }
-  write(tmp_firmware_fd, image->firmware_data, image->firmware_len);
-  close(tmp_firmware_fd);
-
-  if (!(firmware_signature = SignatureFile(tmp_firmware_file, signing_key_file,
-                                           algorithm))) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary file for writing "
-            "firmware.\n");
-    return 0;
-  }
   image->firmware_signature = (uint8_t*) Malloc(signature_len);
   Memcpy(image->firmware_signature, firmware_signature, signature_len);
   Free(firmware_signature);