Refactor Styled utility functions into reusable objects.

This takes utility functions from Styled and a few other classes and
incorporates them into two new utility classes, TextLine and
MeasuredText.  The main point of this is to support shaping by skia,
to experiment with how this will look, this also introduces
character-based Arabic shaping.

MeasuredText is used by code that determines line breaks by generating
and examining character widths in logical order.  Factoring the code
in this way makes it usable by the ellipsize functions in TextUtils as
well as by StaticLayout.  This class takes over the caching of widths
and chars arrays that was previously performed by StyledText.  A small
number of MeasuredText objects are themselves cached by the class and
accesed using static obtain and recycle methods.  Generally only these
few cached instances are ever created.

TextLine is used by code that draws or measures text on a line.  This
unifies the line measuring and rendering code, and pushes assumptions
about how rtl text is treated closer to the points where skia code is
invoked.  TextLine implements the functions that were previously
provided by Styled, working on member arrays rather than
explicitly-passed arguments.  It implements the same kind of static
cache as MeasuredText.

TextLine and MeasureText simulate arabic glyph generation and shaping
by using ArabicShaping, ported with very minor changes from ICU4J's
ArabicShaping.  This class generates shaped Arabic glyphs and Lam-Alef
ligatures using Unicode presentation forms.  ArabicShaping is not
intended to be permanent, but to be replaced by real shaping from the
skia layer. It is introduced in order to emulate the behavior of real
shaping so that higher level code dealing with rendering shaped text
and cursor movement over ligatures can be developed and tested; it
also provides basic-level support for Arabic.

Since cursor movement depends on conjuncts whose formation is
font-dependent, cursor movement code that was formerly in Layout and
StaticLayout was moved into TextLine so that it can work on the shaped
text.

Other than these changes, the other major change is a rework of the
ellipsize utility functions to combine multiple branches into fewer
branches with additional state.

Updated copyright notices on new files.

Change-Id: I492cb58b51f5aaf6f14cb1419bdbed49eac5ba29
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/AndroidBidi.java b/core/java/android/text/AndroidBidi.java
index e4f934e..eacd40d 100644
--- a/core/java/android/text/AndroidBidi.java
+++ b/core/java/android/text/AndroidBidi.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.text;
 
+import android.text.Layout.Directions;
+
 /**
  * Access the ICU bidi implementation.
  * @hide
@@ -44,5 +46,132 @@
         return result;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns run direction information for a line within a paragraph.
+     *
+     * @param dir base line direction, either Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT or
+     *     Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT
+     * @param levels levels as returned from {@link #bidi}
+     * @param lstart start of the line in the levels array
+     * @param chars the character array (used to determine whitespace)
+     * @param cstart the start of the line in the chars array
+     * @param len the length of the line
+     * @return the directions
+     */
+    public static Directions directions(int dir, byte[] levels, int lstart,
+            char[] chars, int cstart, int len) {
+
+        int baseLevel = dir == Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT ? 0 : 1;
+        int curLevel = levels[lstart];
+        int minLevel = curLevel;
+        int runCount = 1;
+        for (int i = lstart + 1, e = lstart + len; i < e; ++i) {
+            int level = levels[i];
+            if (level != curLevel) {
+                curLevel = level;
+                ++runCount;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // add final run for trailing counter-directional whitespace
+        int visLen = len;
+        if ((curLevel & 1) != (baseLevel & 1)) {
+            // look for visible end
+            while (--visLen >= 0) {
+                char ch = chars[cstart + visLen];
+
+                if (ch == '\n') {
+                    --visLen;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if (ch != ' ' && ch != '\t') {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            ++visLen;
+            if (visLen != len) {
+                ++runCount;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (runCount == 1 && minLevel == baseLevel) {
+            // we're done, only one run on this line
+            if ((minLevel & 1) != 0) {
+                return Layout.DIRS_ALL_RIGHT_TO_LEFT;
+            }
+            return Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
+        }
+
+        int[] ld = new int[runCount * 2];
+        int maxLevel = minLevel;
+        int levelBits = minLevel << Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT;
+        {
+            // Start of first pair is always 0, we write
+            // length then start at each new run, and the
+            // last run length after we're done.
+            int n = 1;
+            int prev = lstart;
+            curLevel = minLevel;
+            for (int i = lstart, e = lstart + visLen; i < e; ++i) {
+                int level = levels[i];
+                if (level != curLevel) {
+                    curLevel = level;
+                    if (level > maxLevel) {
+                        maxLevel = level;
+                    } else if (level < minLevel) {
+                        minLevel = level;
+                    }
+                    // XXX ignore run length limit of 2^RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT
+                    ld[n++] = (i - prev) | levelBits;
+                    ld[n++] = i - lstart;
+                    levelBits = curLevel << Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT;
+                    prev = i;
+                }
+            }
+            ld[n] = (lstart + visLen - prev) | levelBits;
+            if (visLen < len) {
+                ld[++n] = visLen;
+                ld[++n] = (len - visLen) | (baseLevel << Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // See if we need to swap any runs.
+        // If the min level run direction doesn't match the base
+        // direction, we always need to swap (at this point
+        // we have more than one run).
+        // Otherwise, we don't need to swap the lowest level.
+        // Since there are no logically adjacent runs at the same
+        // level, if the max level is the same as the (new) min
+        // level, we have a series of alternating levels that
+        // is already in order, so there's no more to do.
+        //
+        boolean swap;
+        if ((minLevel & 1) == baseLevel) {
+            minLevel += 1;
+            swap = maxLevel > minLevel;
+        } else {
+            swap = runCount > 1;
+        }
+        if (swap) {
+            for (int level = maxLevel - 1; level >= minLevel; --level) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < ld.length; i += 2) {
+                    if (levels[ld[i]] >= level) {
+                        int e = i + 2;
+                        while (e < ld.length && levels[ld[e]] >= level) {
+                            e += 2;
+                        }
+                        for (int low = i, hi = e - 2; low < hi; low += 2, hi -= 2) {
+                            int x = ld[low]; ld[low] = ld[hi]; ld[hi] = x;
+                            x = ld[low+1]; ld[low+1] = ld[hi+1]; ld[hi+1] = x;
+                        }
+                        i = e + 2;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return new Directions(ld);
+    }
+
     private native static int runBidi(int dir, char[] chs, byte[] chInfo, int n, boolean haveInfo);
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/BoringLayout.java b/core/java/android/text/BoringLayout.java
index 944f735..9309b05 100644
--- a/core/java/android/text/BoringLayout.java
+++ b/core/java/android/text/BoringLayout.java
@@ -208,11 +208,11 @@
              * width because the width that was passed in was for the
              * full text, not the ellipsized form.
              */
-            synchronized (sTemp) {
-                mMax = (int) (FloatMath.ceil(Styled.measureText(paint, sTemp,
-                                                source, 0, source.length(),
-                                                null)));
-            }
+            TextLine line = TextLine.obtain();
+            line.set(paint, source, 0, source.length(), Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT,
+                    Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT, false, null);
+            mMax = (int) FloatMath.ceil(line.metrics(null));
+            TextLine.recycle(line);
         }
 
         if (includepad) {
@@ -276,14 +276,13 @@
             if (fm == null) {
                 fm = new Metrics();
             }
-    
-            int wid;
 
-            synchronized (sTemp) {
-                wid = (int) (FloatMath.ceil(Styled.measureText(paint, sTemp,
-                                                text, 0, text.length(), fm)));
-            }
-            fm.width = wid;
+            TextLine line = TextLine.obtain();
+            line.set(paint, text, 0, text.length(), Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT,
+                    Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT, false, null);
+            fm.width = (int) FloatMath.ceil(line.metrics(fm));
+            TextLine.recycle(line);
+
             return fm;
         } else {
             return null;
@@ -389,7 +388,7 @@
 
     public static class Metrics extends Paint.FontMetricsInt {
         public int width;
-        
+
         @Override public String toString() {
             return super.toString() + " width=" + width;
         }
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/Layout.java b/core/java/android/text/Layout.java
index ff1f2a60..3b8f295 100644
--- a/core/java/android/text/Layout.java
+++ b/core/java/android/text/Layout.java
@@ -19,12 +19,10 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
 
 import android.emoji.EmojiFactory;
-import android.graphics.Bitmap;
 import android.graphics.Canvas;
 import android.graphics.Paint;
 import android.graphics.Path;
 import android.graphics.Rect;
-import android.graphics.RectF;
 import android.text.method.TextKeyListener;
 import android.text.style.AlignmentSpan;
 import android.text.style.LeadingMarginSpan;
@@ -60,9 +58,7 @@
             MIN_EMOJI = -1;
             MAX_EMOJI = -1;
         }
-    };
-
-    private RectF mEmojiRect;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Return how wide a layout must be in order to display the
@@ -91,8 +87,8 @@
                 next = end;
 
             // note, omits trailing paragraph char
-            float w = measureText(paint, workPaint,
-                                  source, i, next, null, true, null);
+            float w = measurePara(paint, workPaint,
+                                  source, i, next, true, null);
 
             if (w > need)
                 need = w;
@@ -122,6 +118,15 @@
         if (width < 0)
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Layout: " + width + " < 0");
 
+        // Ensure paint doesn't have baselineShift set.
+        // While normally we don't modify the paint the user passed in,
+        // we were already doing this in Styled.drawUniformRun with both
+        // baselineShift and bgColor.  We probably should reevaluate bgColor.
+        if (paint != null) {
+            paint.bgColor = 0;
+            paint.baselineShift = 0;
+        }
+
         mText = text;
         mPaint = paint;
         mWorkPaint = new TextPaint();
@@ -262,6 +267,7 @@
 
         Alignment align = mAlignment;
 
+        TextLine tl = TextLine.obtain();
         // Next draw the lines, one at a time.
         // the baseline is the top of the following line minus the current
         // line's descent.
@@ -373,11 +379,11 @@
                 // XXX: assumes there's nothing additional to be done
                 c.drawText(buf, start, end, x, lbaseline, paint);
             } else {
-                drawText(c, buf, start, end, dir, directions,
-                    x, ltop, lbaseline, lbottom, paint, mWorkPaint,
-                    hasTab, spans);
+                tl.set(paint, buf, start, end, dir, directions, hasTab, spans);
+                tl.draw(c, x, ltop, lbaseline, lbottom);
             }
         }
+        TextLine.recycle(tl);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -639,7 +645,7 @@
 
     private float getHorizontal(int offset, boolean trailing, int line) {
         int start = getLineStart(line);
-        int end = getLineVisibleEnd(line);
+        int end = getLineEnd(line);
         int dir = getParagraphDirection(line);
         boolean tab = getLineContainsTab(line);
         Directions directions = getLineDirections(line);
@@ -649,17 +655,10 @@
             tabs = ((Spanned) mText).getSpans(start, end, TabStopSpan.class);
         }
 
-        float wid = measureText(mPaint, mWorkPaint, mText, start, offset, end,
-                                dir, directions, trailing, tab, tabs);
-
-        if (offset > end) {
-            if (dir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-                wid -= measureText(mPaint, mWorkPaint,
-                                   mText, end, offset, null, tab, tabs);
-            else
-                wid += measureText(mPaint, mWorkPaint,
-                                   mText, end, offset, null, tab, tabs);
-        }
+        TextLine tl = TextLine.obtain();
+        tl.set(mPaint, mText, start, end, dir, directions, tab, tabs);
+        float wid = tl.measure(offset - start, trailing, null);
+        TextLine.recycle(tl);
 
         Alignment align = getParagraphAlignment(line);
         int left = getParagraphLeft(line);
@@ -761,21 +760,15 @@
 
     private float getLineMax(int line, Object[] tabs, boolean full) {
         int start = getLineStart(line);
-        int end;
+        int end = full ? getLineEnd(line) : getLineVisibleEnd(line);
+        boolean hasTabs = getLineContainsTab(line);
+        Directions directions = getLineDirections(line);
 
-        if (full) {
-            end = getLineEnd(line);
-        } else {
-            end = getLineVisibleEnd(line);
-        }
-        boolean tab = getLineContainsTab(line);
-
-        if (tabs == null && tab && mText instanceof Spanned) {
-            tabs = ((Spanned) mText).getSpans(start, end, TabStopSpan.class);
-        }
-
-        return measureText(mPaint, mWorkPaint,
-                           mText, start, end, null, tab, tabs);
+        TextLine tl = TextLine.obtain();
+        tl.set(mPaint, mText, start, end, 1, directions, hasTabs, tabs);
+        float width = tl.metrics(null);
+        TextLine.recycle(tl);
+        return width;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -975,165 +968,49 @@
         return getOffsetToLeftRightOf(offset, false);
     }
 
-    // 1) The caret marks the leading edge of a character. The character
-    // logically before it might be on a different level, and the active caret
-    // position is on the character at the lower level. If that character
-    // was the previous character, the caret is on its trailing edge.
-    // 2) Take this character/edge and move it in the indicated direction.
-    // This gives you a new character and a new edge.
-    // 3) This position is between two visually adjacent characters.  One of
-    // these might be at a lower level.  The active position is on the
-    // character at the lower level.
-    // 4) If the active position is on the trailing edge of the character,
-    // the new caret position is the following logical character, else it
-    // is the character.
     private int getOffsetToLeftRightOf(int caret, boolean toLeft) {
         int line = getLineForOffset(caret);
         int lineStart = getLineStart(line);
         int lineEnd = getLineEnd(line);
+        int lineDir = getParagraphDirection(line);
 
-        boolean paraIsRtl = getParagraphDirection(line) == -1;
-        int[] runs = getLineDirections(line).mDirections;
-
-        int runIndex, runLevel = 0, runStart = lineStart, runLimit = lineEnd, newCaret = -1;
-        boolean trailing = false;
-
-        if (caret == lineStart) {
-            runIndex = -2;
-        } else if (caret == lineEnd) {
-            runIndex = runs.length;
-        } else {
-          // First, get information about the run containing the character with
-          // the active caret.
-          for (runIndex = 0; runIndex < runs.length; runIndex += 2) {
-            runStart = lineStart + runs[runIndex];
-            if (caret >= runStart) {
-              runLimit = runStart + (runs[runIndex+1] & RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
-              if (runLimit > lineEnd) {
-                  runLimit = lineEnd;
-              }
-              if (caret < runLimit) {
-                runLevel = (runs[runIndex+1] >>> RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT) & RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
-                if (caret == runStart) {
-                  // The caret is on a run boundary, see if we should
-                  // use the position on the trailing edge of the previous
-                  // logical character instead.
-                  int prevRunIndex, prevRunLevel, prevRunStart, prevRunLimit;
-                  int pos = caret - 1;
-                  for (prevRunIndex = 0; prevRunIndex < runs.length; prevRunIndex += 2) {
-                    prevRunStart = lineStart + runs[prevRunIndex];
-                    if (pos >= prevRunStart) {
-                      prevRunLimit = prevRunStart + (runs[prevRunIndex+1] & RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
-                      if (prevRunLimit > lineEnd) {
-                          prevRunLimit = lineEnd;
-                      }
-                      if (pos < prevRunLimit) {
-                        prevRunLevel = (runs[prevRunIndex+1] >>> RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT) & RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
-                        if (prevRunLevel < runLevel) {
-                          // Start from logically previous character.
-                          runIndex = prevRunIndex;
-                          runLevel = prevRunLevel;
-                          runStart = prevRunStart;
-                          runLimit = prevRunLimit;
-                          trailing = true;
-                          break;
-                        }
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
+        boolean advance = toLeft == (lineDir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT);
+        if (caret == (advance ? lineEnd : lineStart)) {
+            // walking off line, so look at the line we're headed to
+            if (caret == lineStart) {
+                if (line > 0) {
+                    --line;
+                } else {
+                    return caret; // at very start, don't move
                 }
-                break;
-              }
+            } else {
+                if (line < getLineCount() - 1) {
+                    ++line;
+                } else {
+                    return caret; // at very end, don't move
+                }
             }
-          }
 
-          // caret might be = lineEnd.  This is generally a space or paragraph
-          // separator and has an associated run, but might be the end of
-          // text, in which case it doesn't.  If that happens, we ran off the
-          // end of the run list, and runIndex == runs.length.  In this case,
-          // we are at a run boundary so we skip the below test.
-          if (runIndex != runs.length) {
-              boolean rtlRun = (runLevel & 0x1) != 0;
-              boolean advance = toLeft == rtlRun;
-              if (caret != (advance ? runLimit : runStart) || advance != trailing) {
-                  // Moving within or into the run, so we can move logically.
-                  newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(caret, advance);
-                  // If the new position is internal to the run, we're at the strong
-                  // position already so we're finished.
-                  if (newCaret != (advance ? runLimit : runStart)) {
-                      return newCaret;
-                  }
-              }
-          }
+            lineStart = getLineStart(line);
+            lineEnd = getLineEnd(line);
+            int newDir = getParagraphDirection(line);
+            if (newDir != lineDir) {
+                // unusual case.  we want to walk onto the line, but it runs
+                // in a different direction than this one, so we fake movement
+                // in the opposite direction.
+                toLeft = !toLeft;
+                lineDir = newDir;
+            }
         }
 
-        // If newCaret is -1, we're starting at a run boundary and crossing
-        // into another run. Otherwise we've arrived at a run boundary, and
-        // need to figure out which character to attach to.  Note we might
-        // need to run this twice, if we cross a run boundary and end up at
-        // another run boundary.
-        while (true) {
-          boolean advance = toLeft == paraIsRtl;
-          int otherRunIndex = runIndex + (advance ? 2 : -2);
-          if (otherRunIndex >= 0 && otherRunIndex < runs.length) {
-            int otherRunStart = lineStart + runs[otherRunIndex];
-            int otherRunLimit = otherRunStart + (runs[otherRunIndex+1] & RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
-            if (otherRunLimit > lineEnd) {
-                otherRunLimit = lineEnd;
-            }
-            int otherRunLevel = runs[otherRunIndex+1] >>> RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT & RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
-            boolean otherRunIsRtl = (otherRunLevel & 1) != 0;
+        Directions directions = getLineDirections(line);
 
-            advance = toLeft == otherRunIsRtl;
-            if (newCaret == -1) {
-              newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(advance ? otherRunStart : otherRunLimit, advance);
-              if (newCaret == (advance ? otherRunLimit : otherRunStart)) {
-                // Crossed and ended up at a new boundary, repeat a second and final time.
-                runIndex = otherRunIndex;
-                runLevel = otherRunLevel;
-                continue;
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-
-            // The new caret is at a boundary.
-            if (otherRunLevel < runLevel) {
-              // The strong character is in the other run.
-              newCaret = advance ? otherRunStart : otherRunLimit;
-            }
-            break;
-          }
-
-          if (newCaret == -1) {
-              // We're walking off the end of the line.  The paragraph
-              // level is always equal to or lower than any internal level, so
-              // the boundaries get the strong caret.
-              newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(caret, advance);
-              break;
-          }
-          // Else we've arrived at the end of the line.  That's a strong position.
-          // We might have arrived here by crossing over a run with no internal
-          // breaks and dropping out of the above loop before advancing one final
-          // time, so reset the caret.
-          // Note, we use '<=' below to handle a situation where the only run
-          // on the line is a counter-directional run.  If we're not advancing,
-          // we can end up at the 'lineEnd' position but the caret we want is at
-          // the lineStart.
-          if (newCaret <= lineEnd) {
-              newCaret = advance ? lineEnd : lineStart;
-          }
-          break;
-        }
-
-        return newCaret;
-    }
-
-    // utility, maybe just roll into the above.
-    private int getOffsetBeforeAfter(int offset, boolean after) {
-        if (after) {
-            return TextUtils.getOffsetAfter(mText, offset);
-        }
-        return TextUtils.getOffsetBefore(mText, offset);
+        TextLine tl = TextLine.obtain();
+        // XXX: we don't care about tabs
+        tl.set(mPaint, mText, lineStart, lineEnd, lineDir, directions, false, null);
+        caret = lineStart + tl.getOffsetToLeftRightOf(caret - lineStart, toLeft);
+        tl = TextLine.recycle(tl);
+        return caret;
     }
 
     private int getOffsetAtStartOf(int offset) {
@@ -1427,373 +1304,28 @@
         return right;
     }
 
-    private void drawText(Canvas canvas,
-                                 CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                                 int dir, Directions directions,
-                                 float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
-                                 TextPaint paint,
-                                 TextPaint workPaint,
-                                 boolean hasTabs, Object[] parspans) {
-        char[] buf;
-        if (!hasTabs) {
-            if (directions == DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) {
-                if (DEBUG) {
-                    Assert.assertTrue(DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT == dir);
-                }
-                Styled.drawText(canvas, text, start, end, dir, false, x, top, y, bottom, paint, workPaint, false);
-                return;
+    /* package */
+    static float measurePara(TextPaint paint, TextPaint workPaint,
+            CharSequence text, int start, int end, boolean hasTabs,
+            Object[] tabs) {
+
+        MeasuredText mt = MeasuredText.obtain();
+        TextLine tl = TextLine.obtain();
+        try {
+            mt.setPara(text, start, end, DIR_REQUEST_LTR);
+            Directions directions;
+            if (mt.mEasy){
+                directions = DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
+            } else {
+                directions = AndroidBidi.directions(mt.mDir, mt.mLevels,
+                    0, mt.mChars, 0, mt.mLen);
             }
-            buf = null;
-        } else {
-            buf = TextUtils.obtain(end - start);
-            TextUtils.getChars(text, start, end, buf, 0);
+            tl.set(paint, text, start, end, 1, directions, hasTabs, tabs);
+            return tl.metrics(null);
+        } finally {
+            TextLine.recycle(tl);
+            MeasuredText.recycle(mt);
         }
-
-        float h = 0;
-
-        int lastRunIndex = directions.mDirections.length - 2;
-        for (int i = 0; i < directions.mDirections.length; i += 2) {
-            int here = start + directions.mDirections[i];
-            int there = here + (directions.mDirections[i+1] & RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
-            boolean runIsRtl = (directions.mDirections[i+1] & RUN_RTL_FLAG) != 0;
-
-            if (there > end)
-                there = end;
-
-            int segstart = here;
-            for (int j = hasTabs ? here : there; j <= there; j++) {
-                int pj = j - start;
-                if (j == there || buf[pj] == '\t') {
-                    h += Styled.drawText(canvas, text,
-                                         segstart, j,
-                                         dir, runIsRtl, x + h,
-                                         top, y, bottom, paint, workPaint,
-                                         i != lastRunIndex || j != end);
-
-                    if (j != there)
-                        h = dir * nextTab(text, start, end, h * dir, parspans);
-
-                    segstart = j + 1;
-                } else if (hasTabs && buf[pj] >= 0xD800 && buf[pj] <= 0xDFFF && j + 1 < there) {
-                    int emoji = Character.codePointAt(buf, pj);
-
-                    if (emoji >= MIN_EMOJI && emoji <= MAX_EMOJI) {
-                        Bitmap bm = EMOJI_FACTORY.
-                            getBitmapFromAndroidPua(emoji);
-
-                        if (bm != null) {
-                            h += Styled.drawText(canvas, text,
-                                                 segstart, j,
-                                                 dir, runIsRtl, x + h,
-                                                 top, y, bottom, paint, workPaint,
-                                                 i != lastRunIndex || j != end);
-
-                            if (mEmojiRect == null) {
-                                mEmojiRect = new RectF();
-                            }
-
-                            workPaint.set(paint);
-                            Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                               j, j + 1,
-                                               null);
-
-                            float bitmapHeight = bm.getHeight();
-                            float textHeight = -workPaint.ascent();
-                            float scale = textHeight / bitmapHeight;
-                            float width = bm.getWidth() * scale;
-
-                            mEmojiRect.set(x + h, y - textHeight,
-                                           x + h + width, y);
-
-                            canvas.drawBitmap(bm, null, mEmojiRect, paint);
-                            h += width;
-
-                            j++;
-                            segstart = j + 1;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (hasTabs)
-            TextUtils.recycle(buf);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the distance from the margin to the requested edge of the character
-     * at offset on the line from start to end.  Trailing indicates the edge
-     * should be the trailing edge of the character at offset-1.
-     */
-    /* package */ static float measureText(TextPaint paint,
-                                     TextPaint workPaint,
-                                     CharSequence text,
-                                     int start, int offset, int end,
-                                     int dir, Directions directions,
-                                     boolean trailing, boolean hasTabs,
-                                     Object[] tabs) {
-        char[] buf = null;
-
-        if (hasTabs) {
-            buf = TextUtils.obtain(end - start);
-            TextUtils.getChars(text, start, end, buf, 0);
-        }
-
-        float h = 0;
-
-        int target = trailing ? offset - 1 : offset;
-        if (target < start) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-
-        int[] runs = directions.mDirections;
-        for (int i = 0; i < runs.length; i += 2) {
-            int here = start + runs[i];
-            int there = here + (runs[i+1] & RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
-            if (there > end) {
-                there = end;
-            }
-            boolean runIsRtl = (runs[i+1] & RUN_RTL_FLAG) != 0;
-
-            int segstart = here;
-            for (int j = hasTabs ? here : there; j <= there; j++) {
-                int codept = 0;
-                Bitmap bm = null;
-
-                if (hasTabs && j < there) {
-                    codept = buf[j - start];
-                }
-
-                if (codept >= 0xD800 && codept <= 0xDFFF && j + 1 < there) {
-                    codept = Character.codePointAt(buf, j - start);
-
-                    if (codept >= MIN_EMOJI && codept <= MAX_EMOJI) {
-                        bm = EMOJI_FACTORY.getBitmapFromAndroidPua(codept);
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (j == there || codept == '\t' || bm != null) {
-                    float segw;
-
-                    boolean inSegment = target >= segstart && target < j;
-
-                    if (inSegment) {
-                        if (dir == DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT && !runIsRtl) {
-                            h += Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                                    segstart, offset,
-                                                    null);
-                            return h;
-                        }
-
-                        if (dir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT && runIsRtl) {
-                            h -= Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                                    segstart, offset,
-                                                    null);
-                            return h;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    // XXX Style.measureText assumes LTR?
-                    segw = Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                              segstart, j,
-                                              null);
-
-                    if (inSegment) {
-                        if (dir == DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) {
-                            h += segw - Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint,
-                                                           text,
-                                                           segstart,
-                                                           offset, null);
-                            return h;
-                        }
-
-                        if (dir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
-                            h -= segw - Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint,
-                                                           text,
-                                                           segstart,
-                                                           offset, null);
-                            return h;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (dir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-                        h -= segw;
-                    else
-                        h += segw;
-
-                    if (j != there && buf[j - start] == '\t') {
-                        if (offset == j)
-                            return h;
-
-                        h = dir * nextTab(text, start, end, h * dir, tabs);
-
-                        if (target == j) {
-                            return h;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (bm != null) {
-                        workPaint.set(paint);
-                        Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                           j, j + 2, null);
-
-                        float wid = bm.getWidth() *
-                                    -workPaint.ascent() / bm.getHeight();
-
-                        if (dir == DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
-                            h -= wid;
-                        } else {
-                            h += wid;
-                        }
-
-                        j++;
-                    }
-
-                    segstart = j + 1;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (hasTabs)
-            TextUtils.recycle(buf);
-
-        return h;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Measure width of a run of text on a single line that is known to all be
-     * in the same direction as the paragraph base direction. Returns the width,
-     * and the line metrics in fm if fm is not null.
-     *
-     * @param paint the paint for the text; will not be modified
-     * @param workPaint paint available for modification
-     * @param text text
-     * @param start start of the line
-     * @param end limit of the line
-     * @param fm object to return integer metrics in, can be null
-     * @param hasTabs true if it is known that the line has tabs
-     * @param tabs tab position information
-     * @return the width of the text from start to end
-     */
-    /* package */ static float measureText(TextPaint paint,
-                                           TextPaint workPaint,
-                                           CharSequence text,
-                                           int start, int end,
-                                           Paint.FontMetricsInt fm,
-                                           boolean hasTabs, Object[] tabs) {
-        char[] buf = null;
-
-        if (hasTabs) {
-            buf = TextUtils.obtain(end - start);
-            TextUtils.getChars(text, start, end, buf, 0);
-        }
-
-        int len = end - start;
-
-        int lastPos = 0;
-        float width = 0;
-        int ascent = 0, descent = 0, top = 0, bottom = 0;
-
-        if (fm != null) {
-            fm.ascent = 0;
-            fm.descent = 0;
-        }
-
-        for (int pos = hasTabs ? 0 : len; pos <= len; pos++) {
-            int codept = 0;
-            Bitmap bm = null;
-
-            if (hasTabs && pos < len) {
-                codept = buf[pos];
-            }
-
-            if (codept >= 0xD800 && codept <= 0xDFFF && pos < len) {
-                codept = Character.codePointAt(buf, pos);
-
-                if (codept >= MIN_EMOJI && codept <= MAX_EMOJI) {
-                    bm = EMOJI_FACTORY.getBitmapFromAndroidPua(codept);
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (pos == len || codept == '\t' || bm != null) {
-                workPaint.baselineShift = 0;
-
-                // XXX Styled.measureText assumes the run direction is LTR,
-                // but it might not be.  Check this.
-                width += Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                        start + lastPos, start + pos,
-                                        fm);
-
-                if (fm != null) {
-                    if (workPaint.baselineShift < 0) {
-                        fm.ascent += workPaint.baselineShift;
-                        fm.top += workPaint.baselineShift;
-                    } else {
-                        fm.descent += workPaint.baselineShift;
-                        fm.bottom += workPaint.baselineShift;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (pos != len) {
-                    if (bm == null) {
-                        // no emoji, must have hit a tab
-                        width = nextTab(text, start, end, width, tabs);
-                    } else {
-                        // This sets up workPaint with the font on the emoji
-                        // text, so that we can extract the ascent and scale.
-
-                        // We can't use the result of the previous call to
-                        // measureText because the emoji might have its own style.
-                        // We have to initialize workPaint here because if the
-                        // text is unstyled measureText might not use workPaint
-                        // at all.
-                        workPaint.set(paint);
-                        Styled.measureText(paint, workPaint, text,
-                                           start + pos, start + pos + 1, null);
-
-                        width += bm.getWidth() *
-                                    -workPaint.ascent() / bm.getHeight();
-
-                        // Since we had an emoji, we bump past the second half
-                        // of the surrogate pair.
-                        pos++;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (fm != null) {
-                    if (fm.ascent < ascent) {
-                        ascent = fm.ascent;
-                    }
-                    if (fm.descent > descent) {
-                        descent = fm.descent;
-                    }
-
-                    if (fm.top < top) {
-                        top = fm.top;
-                    }
-                    if (fm.bottom > bottom) {
-                        bottom = fm.bottom;
-                    }
-
-                    // No need to take bitmap height into account here,
-                    // since it is scaled to match the text height.
-                }
-
-                lastPos = pos + 1;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (fm != null) {
-            fm.ascent = ascent;
-            fm.descent = descent;
-            fm.top = top;
-            fm.bottom = bottom;
-        }
-
-        if (hasTabs)
-            TextUtils.recycle(buf);
-
-        return width;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1898,6 +1430,7 @@
      * line is ellipsized, not getLineStart().)
      */
     public abstract int getEllipsisStart(int line);
+
     /**
      * Returns the number of characters to be ellipsized away, or 0 if
      * no ellipsis is to take place.
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/MeasuredText.java b/core/java/android/text/MeasuredText.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3a113d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/text/MeasuredText.java
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.text;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
+
+import android.graphics.Paint;
+import android.icu.text.ArabicShaping;
+import android.text.style.MetricAffectingSpan;
+import android.text.style.ReplacementSpan;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+/**
+ * @hide
+ */
+class MeasuredText {
+    /* package */ CharSequence mText;
+    /* package */ int mTextStart;
+    /* package */ float[] mWidths;
+    /* package */ char[] mChars;
+    /* package */ byte[] mLevels;
+    /* package */ int mDir;
+    /* package */ boolean mEasy;
+    /* package */ int mLen;
+    private int mPos;
+    private float[] mWorkWidths; // temp buffer for Paint.measureText, arrgh
+    private TextPaint mWorkPaint;
+
+    private MeasuredText() {
+        mWorkPaint = new TextPaint();
+    }
+
+    private static MeasuredText[] cached = new MeasuredText[3];
+
+    /* package */
+    static MeasuredText obtain() {
+        MeasuredText mt;
+        synchronized (cached) {
+            for (int i = cached.length; --i >= 0;) {
+                if (cached[i] != null) {
+                    mt = cached[i];
+                    cached[i] = null;
+                    return mt;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        mt = new MeasuredText();
+        Log.e("MEAS", "new: " + mt);
+        return mt;
+    }
+
+    /* package */
+    static MeasuredText recycle(MeasuredText mt) {
+        mt.mText = null;
+        if (mt.mLen < 1000) {
+            synchronized(cached) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < cached.length; ++i) {
+                    if (cached[i] == null) {
+                        cached[i] = mt;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Analyzes text for
+     * bidirectional runs.  Allocates working buffers.
+     */
+    /* package */
+    void setPara(CharSequence text, int start, int end, int bidiRequest) {
+        mText = text;
+        mTextStart = start;
+
+        int len = end - start;
+        mLen = len;
+        mPos = 0;
+
+        if (mWidths == null || mWidths.length < len) {
+            mWidths = new float[ArrayUtils.idealFloatArraySize(len)];
+            mWorkWidths = new float[mWidths.length];
+        }
+        if (mChars == null || mChars.length < len) {
+            mChars = new char[ArrayUtils.idealCharArraySize(len)];
+        }
+        TextUtils.getChars(text, start, end, mChars, 0);
+
+        if (text instanceof Spanned) {
+            Spanned spanned = (Spanned) text;
+            ReplacementSpan[] spans = spanned.getSpans(start, end,
+                    ReplacementSpan.class);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
+                int startInPara = spanned.getSpanStart(spans[i]) - start;
+                int endInPara = spanned.getSpanEnd(spans[i]) - start;
+                for (int j = startInPara; j < endInPara; j++) {
+                    mChars[j] = '\uFFFC';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (TextUtils.doesNotNeedBidi(mChars, 0, len)) {
+            mDir = 1;
+            mEasy = true;
+        } else {
+            if (mLevels == null || mLevels.length < len) {
+                mLevels = new byte[ArrayUtils.idealByteArraySize(len)];
+            }
+            mDir = AndroidBidi.bidi(bidiRequest, mChars, mLevels, len, false);
+            mEasy = false;
+
+            // shape
+            if (mLen > 0) {
+                byte[] levels = mLevels;
+                char[] chars = mChars;
+                byte level = levels[0];
+                int pi = 0;
+                for (int i = 1, e = mLen;; ++i) {
+                    if (i == e || levels[i] != level) {
+                        if ((level & 0x1) != 0) {
+                            AndroidCharacter.mirror(chars, pi, i - pi);
+                            ArabicShaping.SHAPER.shape(chars, pi, i - pi);
+                        }
+                        if (i == e) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        pi = i;
+                        level = levels[i];
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    float addStyleRun(TextPaint paint, int len, Paint.FontMetricsInt fm) {
+        int p = mPos;
+        float[] w = mWidths, ww = mWorkWidths;
+        int count = paint.getTextWidths(mChars, p, len, ww);
+        int width = 0;
+        if (count < len) {
+            // must have surrogate pairs in here, pad out the array with zero
+            // for the trailing surrogates
+            char[] chars = mChars;
+            for (int i = 0, e = mLen; i < count; ++i) {
+                width += (w[p++] = ww[i]);
+                if (p < e && chars[p] >= '\udc00' && chars[p] < '\ue000' &&
+                        chars[p-1] >= '\ud800' && chars[p-1] < '\udc00') {
+                    w[p++] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+                width += (w[p++] = ww[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        mPos = p;
+        if (fm != null) {
+            paint.getFontMetricsInt(fm);
+        }
+        return width;
+    }
+
+    float addStyleRun(TextPaint paint, MetricAffectingSpan[] spans, int len,
+            Paint.FontMetricsInt fm) {
+
+        TextPaint workPaint = mWorkPaint;
+        workPaint.set(paint);
+        // XXX paint should not have a baseline shift, but...
+        workPaint.baselineShift = 0;
+
+        ReplacementSpan replacement = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
+            MetricAffectingSpan span = spans[i];
+            if (span instanceof ReplacementSpan) {
+                replacement = (ReplacementSpan)span;
+            } else {
+                span.updateMeasureState(workPaint);
+            }
+        }
+
+        float wid;
+        if (replacement == null) {
+            wid = addStyleRun(workPaint, len, fm);
+        } else {
+            // Use original text.  Shouldn't matter.
+            wid = replacement.getSize(workPaint, mText, mTextStart + mPos,
+                    mTextStart + mPos + len, fm);
+            float[] w = mWidths;
+            w[mPos] = wid;
+            for (int i = mPos + 1, e = mPos + len; i < e; i++)
+                w[i] = 0;
+        }
+
+        if (fm != null) {
+            if (workPaint.baselineShift < 0) {
+                fm.ascent += workPaint.baselineShift;
+                fm.top += workPaint.baselineShift;
+            } else {
+                fm.descent += workPaint.baselineShift;
+                fm.bottom += workPaint.baselineShift;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return wid;
+    }
+
+    int breakText(int start, int limit, boolean forwards, float width) {
+        float[] w = mWidths;
+        if (forwards) {
+            for (int i = start; i < limit; ++i) {
+                if ((width -= w[i]) < 0) {
+                    return i - start;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for (int i = limit; --i >= start;) {
+                if ((width -= w[i]) < 0) {
+                    return limit - i -1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return limit - start;
+    }
+
+    float measure(int start, int limit) {
+        float width = 0;
+        float[] w = mWidths;
+        for (int i = start; i < limit; ++i) {
+            width += w[i];
+        }
+        return width;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/StaticLayout.java b/core/java/android/text/StaticLayout.java
index bfa0ab6..0c6c545 100644
--- a/core/java/android/text/StaticLayout.java
+++ b/core/java/android/text/StaticLayout.java
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@
 import android.text.style.LeadingMarginSpan;
 import android.text.style.LineHeightSpan;
 import android.text.style.MetricAffectingSpan;
-import android.text.style.ReplacementSpan;
-import android.util.Log;
 
 /**
  * StaticLayout is a Layout for text that will not be edited after it
@@ -96,13 +94,13 @@
         mLineDirections = new Directions[
                              ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize(2 * mColumns)];
 
+        mMeasured = MeasuredText.obtain();
+
         generate(source, bufstart, bufend, paint, outerwidth, align,
                  spacingmult, spacingadd, includepad, includepad,
                  ellipsize != null, ellipsizedWidth, ellipsize);
 
-        mChdirs = null;
-        mChs = null;
-        mWidths = null;
+        mMeasured = MeasuredText.recycle(mMeasured);
         mFontMetricsInt = null;
     }
 
@@ -113,6 +111,7 @@
         mLines = new int[ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize(2 * mColumns)];
         mLineDirections = new Directions[
                              ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize(2 * mColumns)];
+        mMeasured = MeasuredText.obtain();
     }
 
     /* package */ void generate(CharSequence source, int bufstart, int bufend,
@@ -130,38 +129,22 @@
         Paint.FontMetricsInt fm = mFontMetricsInt;
         int[] choosehtv = null;
 
-        int end = TextUtils.indexOf(source, '\n', bufstart, bufend);
-        int bufsiz = end >= 0 ? end - bufstart : bufend - bufstart;
-        boolean first = true;
+        MeasuredText measured = mMeasured;
 
-        if (mChdirs == null) {
-            mChdirs = new byte[ArrayUtils.idealByteArraySize(bufsiz + 1)];
-            mChs = new char[ArrayUtils.idealCharArraySize(bufsiz + 1)];
-            mWidths = new float[ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize((bufsiz + 1) * 2)];
-        }
-
-        byte[] chdirs = mChdirs;
-        char[] chs = mChs;
-        float[] widths = mWidths;
-
-        AlteredCharSequence alter = null;
         Spanned spanned = null;
-
         if (source instanceof Spanned)
             spanned = (Spanned) source;
 
         int DEFAULT_DIR = DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT; // XXX
 
-        for (int start = bufstart; start <= bufend; start = end) {
-            if (first)
-                first = false;
+        int paraEnd;
+        for (int paraStart = bufstart; paraStart <= bufend; paraStart = paraEnd) {
+            paraEnd = TextUtils.indexOf(source, '\n', paraStart, bufend);
+            if (paraEnd < 0)
+                paraEnd = bufend;
             else
-                end = TextUtils.indexOf(source, '\n', start, bufend);
-
-            if (end < 0)
-                end = bufend;
-            else
-                end++;
+                paraEnd++;
+            int paraLen = paraEnd - paraStart;
 
             int firstWidthLineCount = 1;
             int firstwidth = outerwidth;
@@ -170,19 +153,20 @@
             LineHeightSpan[] chooseht = null;
 
             if (spanned != null) {
-                LeadingMarginSpan[] sp;
-
-                sp = spanned.getSpans(start, end, LeadingMarginSpan.class);
+                LeadingMarginSpan[] sp = spanned.getSpans(paraStart, paraEnd,
+                        LeadingMarginSpan.class);
                 for (int i = 0; i < sp.length; i++) {
                     LeadingMarginSpan lms = sp[i];
                     firstwidth -= sp[i].getLeadingMargin(true);
                     restwidth -= sp[i].getLeadingMargin(false);
                     if (lms instanceof LeadingMarginSpan.LeadingMarginSpan2) {
-                        firstWidthLineCount = ((LeadingMarginSpan.LeadingMarginSpan2)lms).getLeadingMarginLineCount();
+                        firstWidthLineCount =
+                            ((LeadingMarginSpan.LeadingMarginSpan2)lms)
+                            .getLeadingMarginLineCount();
                     }
                 }
 
-                chooseht = spanned.getSpans(start, end, LineHeightSpan.class);
+                chooseht = spanned.getSpans(paraStart, paraEnd, LineHeightSpan.class);
 
                 if (chooseht.length != 0) {
                     if (choosehtv == null ||
@@ -194,7 +178,7 @@
                     for (int i = 0; i < chooseht.length; i++) {
                         int o = spanned.getSpanStart(chooseht[i]);
 
-                        if (o < start) {
+                        if (o < paraStart) {
                             // starts in this layout, before the
                             // current paragraph
 
@@ -208,135 +192,48 @@
                 }
             }
 
-            if (end - start > chdirs.length) {
-                chdirs = new byte[ArrayUtils.idealByteArraySize(end - start)];
-                mChdirs = chdirs;
-            }
-            if (end - start > chs.length) {
-                chs = new char[ArrayUtils.idealCharArraySize(end - start)];
-                mChs = chs;
-            }
-            if ((end - start) * 2 > widths.length) {
-                widths = new float[ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize((end - start) * 2)];
-                mWidths = widths;
-            }
+            measured.setPara(source, paraStart, paraEnd, DIR_REQUEST_DEFAULT_LTR);
+            char[] chs = measured.mChars;
+            float[] widths = measured.mWidths;
+            byte[] chdirs = measured.mLevels;
+            int dir = measured.mDir;
+            boolean easy = measured.mEasy;
 
-            TextUtils.getChars(source, start, end, chs, 0);
-            final int n = end - start;
-
-            boolean easy = true;
-            boolean altered = false;
-            int dir = DEFAULT_DIR; // XXX pass value in
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-                if (chs[i] >= FIRST_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
-                    easy = false;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Ensure that none of the underlying characters are treated
-            // as viable breakpoints, and that the entire run gets the
-            // same bidi direction.
-
-            if (source instanceof Spanned) {
-                Spanned sp = (Spanned) source;
-                ReplacementSpan[] spans = sp.getSpans(start, end, ReplacementSpan.class);
-
-                for (int y = 0; y < spans.length; y++) {
-                    int a = sp.getSpanStart(spans[y]);
-                    int b = sp.getSpanEnd(spans[y]);
-
-                    for (int x = a; x < b; x++) {
-                        chs[x - start] = '\uFFFC';
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (!easy) {
-                // XXX put override flags, etc. into chdirs
-                // XXX supply dir rather than force
-                dir = AndroidBidi.bidi(DIR_REQUEST_DEFAULT_LTR, chs, chdirs, n, false);
-
-                // Do mirroring for right-to-left segments
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-                    if (chdirs[i] == Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
-                        int j;
-
-                        for (j = i; j < n; j++) {
-                            if (chdirs[j] !=
-                                Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-                                break;
-                        }
-
-                        if (AndroidCharacter.mirror(chs, i, j - i))
-                            altered = true;
-
-                        i = j - 1;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            CharSequence sub;
-
-            if (altered) {
-                if (alter == null)
-                    alter = AlteredCharSequence.make(source, chs, start, end);
-                else
-                    alter.update(chs, start, end);
-
-                sub = alter;
-            } else {
-                sub = source;
-            }
+            CharSequence sub = source;
 
             int width = firstwidth;
 
             float w = 0;
-            int here = start;
+            int here = paraStart;
 
-            int ok = start;
+            int ok = paraStart;
             float okwidth = w;
             int okascent = 0, okdescent = 0, oktop = 0, okbottom = 0;
 
-            int fit = start;
+            int fit = paraStart;
             float fitwidth = w;
             int fitascent = 0, fitdescent = 0, fittop = 0, fitbottom = 0;
 
             boolean tab = false;
 
-            int next;
-            for (int i = start; i < end; i = next) {
+            int spanEnd;
+            for (int spanStart = paraStart; spanStart < paraEnd; spanStart = spanEnd) {
                 if (spanned == null)
-                    next = end;
+                    spanEnd = paraEnd;
                 else
-                    next = spanned.nextSpanTransition(i, end,
-                                                      MetricAffectingSpan.
-                                                      class);
+                    spanEnd = spanned.nextSpanTransition(spanStart, paraEnd,
+                            MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+
+                int spanLen = spanEnd - spanStart;
+                int startInPara = spanStart - paraStart;
+                int endInPara = spanEnd - paraStart;
 
                 if (spanned == null) {
-                    paint.getTextWidths(sub, i, next, widths);
-                    System.arraycopy(widths, 0, widths,
-                                     end - start + (i - start), next - i);
-
-                    paint.getFontMetricsInt(fm);
+                    measured.addStyleRun(paint, spanLen, fm);
                 } else {
-                    mWorkPaint.baselineShift = 0;
-
-                    Styled.getTextWidths(paint, mWorkPaint,
-                                         spanned, i, next,
-                                         widths, fm);
-                    System.arraycopy(widths, 0, widths,
-                                     end - start + (i - start), next - i);
-
-                    if (mWorkPaint.baselineShift < 0) {
-                        fm.ascent += mWorkPaint.baselineShift;
-                        fm.top += mWorkPaint.baselineShift;
-                    } else {
-                        fm.descent += mWorkPaint.baselineShift;
-                        fm.bottom += mWorkPaint.baselineShift;
-                    }
+                    MetricAffectingSpan[] spans =
+                        spanned.getSpans(spanStart, spanEnd, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+                    measured.addStyleRun(paint, spans, spanLen, fm);
                 }
 
                 int fmtop = fm.top;
@@ -344,27 +241,17 @@
                 int fmascent = fm.ascent;
                 int fmdescent = fm.descent;
 
-                if (false) {
-                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-                    for (int j = i; j < next; j++) {
-                        sb.append(widths[j - start + (end - start)]);
-                        sb.append(' ');
-                    }
-
-                    Log.e("text", sb.toString());
-                }
-
-                for (int j = i; j < next; j++) {
-                    char c = chs[j - start];
+                for (int j = spanStart; j < spanEnd; j++) {
+                    char c = chs[j - paraStart];
                     float before = w;
 
                     if (c == '\n') {
                         ;
                     } else if (c == '\t') {
-                        w = Layout.nextTab(sub, start, end, w, null);
+                        w = Layout.nextTab(sub, paraStart, paraEnd, w, null);
                         tab = true;
-                    } else if (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF && j + 1 < next) {
-                        int emoji = Character.codePointAt(chs, j - start);
+                    } else if (c >= 0xD800 && c <= 0xDFFF && j + 1 < spanEnd) {
+                        int emoji = Character.codePointAt(chs, j - paraStart);
 
                         if (emoji >= MIN_EMOJI && emoji <= MAX_EMOJI) {
                             Bitmap bm = EMOJI_FACTORY.
@@ -387,13 +274,13 @@
                                 tab = true;
                                 j++;
                             } else {
-                                w += widths[j - start + (end - start)];
+                                w += widths[j - paraStart];
                             }
                         } else {
-                            w += widths[j - start + (end - start)];
+                            w += widths[j - paraStart];
                         }
                     } else {
-                        w += widths[j - start + (end - start)];
+                        w += widths[j - paraStart];
                     }
 
                     // Log.e("text", "was " + before + " now " + w + " after " + c + " within " + width);
@@ -429,12 +316,12 @@
 
                         if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' ||
                             ((c == '.'  || c == ',' || c == ':' || c == ';') &&
-                             (j - 1 < here || !Character.isDigit(chs[j - 1 - start])) &&
-                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
+                             (j - 1 < here || !Character.isDigit(chs[j - 1 - paraStart])) &&
+                             (j + 1 >= spanEnd || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - paraStart]))) ||
                             ((c == '/' || c == '-') &&
-                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
+                             (j + 1 >= spanEnd || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - paraStart]))) ||
                             (c >= FIRST_CJK && isIdeographic(c, true) &&
-                             j + 1 < next && isIdeographic(chs[j + 1 - start], false))) {
+                             j + 1 < spanEnd && isIdeographic(chs[j + 1 - paraStart], false))) {
                             okwidth = w;
                             ok = j + 1;
 
@@ -451,7 +338,7 @@
                         if (ok != here) {
                             // Log.e("text", "output ok " + here + " to " +ok);
 
-                            while (ok < next && chs[ok - start] == ' ') {
+                            while (ok < spanEnd && chs[ok - paraStart] == ' ') {
                                 ok++;
                             }
 
@@ -461,9 +348,9 @@
                                     v,
                                     spacingmult, spacingadd, chooseht,
                                     choosehtv, fm, tab,
-                                    needMultiply, start, chdirs, dir, easy,
+                                    needMultiply, paraStart, chdirs, dir, easy,
                                     ok == bufend, includepad, trackpad,
-                                    widths, start, end - start,
+                                    chs, widths, here - paraStart,
                                     where, ellipsizedWidth, okwidth,
                                     paint);
 
@@ -487,7 +374,7 @@
                         if (ok != here) {
                             // Log.e("text", "output ok " + here + " to " +ok);
 
-                            while (ok < next && chs[ok - start] == ' ') {
+                            while (ok < spanEnd && chs[ok - paraStart] == ' ') {
                                 ok++;
                             }
 
@@ -497,9 +384,9 @@
                                     v,
                                     spacingmult, spacingadd, chooseht,
                                     choosehtv, fm, tab,
-                                    needMultiply, start, chdirs, dir, easy,
+                                    needMultiply, paraStart, chdirs, dir, easy,
                                     ok == bufend, includepad, trackpad,
-                                    widths, start, end - start,
+                                    chs, widths, here - paraStart,
                                     where, ellipsizedWidth, okwidth,
                                     paint);
 
@@ -513,18 +400,19 @@
                                     v,
                                     spacingmult, spacingadd, chooseht,
                                     choosehtv, fm, tab,
-                                    needMultiply, start, chdirs, dir, easy,
+                                    needMultiply, paraStart, chdirs, dir, easy,
                                     fit == bufend, includepad, trackpad,
-                                    widths, start, end - start,
+                                    chs, widths, here - paraStart,
                                     where, ellipsizedWidth, fitwidth,
                                     paint);
 
                             here = fit;
                         } else {
                             // Log.e("text", "output one " + here + " to " +(here + 1));
-                            measureText(paint, mWorkPaint,
-                                        source, here, here + 1, fm, tab,
-                                        null);
+                            // XXX not sure why the existing fm wasn't ok.
+                            // measureText(paint, mWorkPaint,
+                            //             source, here, here + 1, fm, tab,
+                            //             null);
 
                             v = out(source,
                                     here, here+1,
@@ -533,18 +421,18 @@
                                     v,
                                     spacingmult, spacingadd, chooseht,
                                     choosehtv, fm, tab,
-                                    needMultiply, start, chdirs, dir, easy,
+                                    needMultiply, paraStart, chdirs, dir, easy,
                                     here + 1 == bufend, includepad,
                                     trackpad,
-                                    widths, start, end - start,
+                                    chs, widths, here - paraStart,
                                     where, ellipsizedWidth,
-                                    widths[here - start], paint);
+                                    widths[here - paraStart], paint);
 
                             here = here + 1;
                         }
 
-                        if (here < i) {
-                            j = next = here; // must remeasure
+                        if (here < spanStart) {
+                            j = spanEnd = here; // must remeasure
                         } else {
                             j = here - 1;    // continue looping
                         }
@@ -561,7 +449,7 @@
                 }
             }
 
-            if (end != here) {
+            if (paraEnd != here) {
                 if ((fittop | fitbottom | fitdescent | fitascent) == 0) {
                     paint.getFontMetricsInt(fm);
 
@@ -574,20 +462,20 @@
                 // Log.e("text", "output rest " + here + " to " + end);
 
                 v = out(source,
-                        here, end, fitascent, fitdescent,
+                        here, paraEnd, fitascent, fitdescent,
                         fittop, fitbottom,
                         v,
                         spacingmult, spacingadd, chooseht,
                         choosehtv, fm, tab,
-                        needMultiply, start, chdirs, dir, easy,
-                        end == bufend, includepad, trackpad,
-                        widths, start, end - start,
+                        needMultiply, paraStart, chdirs, dir, easy,
+                        paraEnd == bufend, includepad, trackpad,
+                        chs, widths, here - paraStart,
                         where, ellipsizedWidth, w, paint);
             }
 
-            start = end;
+            paraStart = paraEnd;
 
-            if (end == bufend)
+            if (paraEnd == bufend)
                 break;
         }
 
@@ -602,9 +490,9 @@
                     v,
                     spacingmult, spacingadd, null,
                     null, fm, false,
-                    needMultiply, bufend, chdirs, DEFAULT_DIR, true,
+                    needMultiply, bufend, null, DEFAULT_DIR, true,
                     true, includepad, trackpad,
-                    widths, bufstart, 0,
+                    null, null, bufstart,
                     where, ellipsizedWidth, 0, paint);
         }
     }
@@ -714,28 +602,6 @@
     }
 */
 
-    private static int getFit(TextPaint paint,
-                              TextPaint workPaint,
-                       CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                       float wid) {
-        int high = end + 1, low = start - 1, guess;
-
-        while (high - low > 1) {
-            guess = (high + low) / 2;
-
-            if (measureText(paint, workPaint,
-                            text, start, guess, null, true, null) > wid)
-                high = guess;
-            else
-                low = guess;
-        }
-
-        if (low < start)
-            return start;
-        else
-            return low;
-    }
-
     private int out(CharSequence text, int start, int end,
                       int above, int below, int top, int bottom, int v,
                       float spacingmult, float spacingadd,
@@ -744,7 +610,7 @@
                       boolean needMultiply, int pstart, byte[] chdirs,
                       int dir, boolean easy, boolean last,
                       boolean includepad, boolean trackpad,
-                      float[] widths, int widstart, int widoff,
+                      char[] chs, float[] widths, int widstart,
                       TextUtils.TruncateAt ellipsize, float ellipsiswidth,
                       float textwidth, TextPaint paint) {
         int j = mLineCount;
@@ -752,8 +618,6 @@
         int want = off + mColumns + TOP;
         int[] lines = mLines;
 
-        // Log.e("text", "line " + start + " to " + end + (last ? "===" : ""));
-
         if (want >= lines.length) {
             int nlen = ArrayUtils.idealIntArraySize(want + 1);
             int[] grow = new int[nlen];
@@ -840,122 +704,12 @@
         if (easy) {
             mLineDirections[j] = linedirs;
         } else {
-            int startOff = start - pstart;
-            int baseLevel = dir == DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT ? 0 : 1;
-            int curLevel = chdirs[startOff];
-            int minLevel = curLevel;
-            int runCount = 1;
-            for (int i = start + 1; i < end; ++i) {
-                int level = chdirs[i - pstart];
-                if (level != curLevel) {
-                    curLevel = level;
-                    ++runCount;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // add final run for trailing counter-directional whitespace
-            int visEnd = end;
-            if ((curLevel & 1) != (baseLevel & 1)) {
-                // look for visible end
-                while (--visEnd >= start) {
-                    char ch = text.charAt(visEnd);
-
-                    if (ch == '\n') {
-                        --visEnd;
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    if (ch != ' ' && ch != '\t') {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                ++visEnd;
-                if (visEnd != end) {
-                    ++runCount;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (runCount == 1 && minLevel == baseLevel) {
-                if ((minLevel & 1) != 0) {
-                    linedirs = DIRS_ALL_RIGHT_TO_LEFT;
-                }
-                // we're done, only one run on this line
-            } else {
-                int[] ld = new int[runCount * 2];
-                int maxLevel = minLevel;
-                int levelBits = minLevel << RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT;
-                {
-                    // Start of first pair is always 0, we write
-                    // length then start at each new run, and the
-                    // last run length after we're done.
-                    int n = 1;
-                    int prev = start;
-                    curLevel = minLevel;
-                    for (int i = start; i < visEnd; ++i) {
-                        int level = chdirs[i - pstart];
-                        if (level != curLevel) {
-                            curLevel = level;
-                            if (level > maxLevel) {
-                                maxLevel = level;
-                            } else if (level < minLevel) {
-                                minLevel = level;
-                            }
-                            // XXX ignore run length limit of 2^RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT
-                            ld[n++] = (i - prev) | levelBits;
-                            ld[n++] = i - start;
-                            levelBits = curLevel << RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT;
-                            prev = i;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    ld[n] = (visEnd - prev) | levelBits;
-                    if (visEnd < end) {
-                        ld[++n] = visEnd - start;
-                        ld[++n] = (end - visEnd) | (baseLevel << RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT);
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // See if we need to swap any runs.
-                // If the min level run direction doesn't match the base
-                // direction, we always need to swap (at this point
-                // we have more than one run).
-                // Otherwise, we don't need to swap the lowest level.
-                // Since there are no logically adjacent runs at the same
-                // level, if the max level is the same as the (new) min
-                // level, we have a series of alternating levels that
-                // is already in order, so there's no more to do.
-                //
-                boolean swap;
-                if ((minLevel & 1) == baseLevel) {
-                    minLevel += 1;
-                    swap = maxLevel > minLevel;
-                } else {
-                    swap = runCount > 1;
-                }
-                if (swap) {
-                    for (int level = maxLevel - 1; level >= minLevel; --level) {
-                        for (int i = 0; i < ld.length; i += 2) {
-                            if (chdirs[startOff + ld[i]] >= level) {
-                                int e = i + 2;
-                                while (e < ld.length && chdirs[startOff + ld[e]] >= level) {
-                                    e += 2;
-                                }
-                                for (int low = i, hi = e - 2; low < hi; low += 2, hi -= 2) {
-                                    int x = ld[low]; ld[low] = ld[hi]; ld[hi] = x;
-                                    x = ld[low+1]; ld[low+1] = ld[hi+1]; ld[hi+1] = x;
-                                }
-                                i = e + 2;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                linedirs = new Directions(ld);
-            }
-
-            mLineDirections[j] = linedirs;
+            mLineDirections[j] = AndroidBidi.directions(dir, chdirs, widstart, chs,
+                    widstart, end - start);
 
             // If ellipsize is in marquee mode, do not apply ellipsis on the first line
             if (ellipsize != null && (ellipsize != TextUtils.TruncateAt.MARQUEE || j != 0)) {
-                calculateEllipsis(start, end, widths, widstart, widoff,
+                calculateEllipsis(start, end, widths, widstart,
                                   ellipsiswidth, ellipsize, j,
                                   textwidth, paint);
             }
@@ -966,7 +720,7 @@
     }
 
     private void calculateEllipsis(int linestart, int lineend,
-                                   float[] widths, int widstart, int widoff,
+                                   float[] widths, int widstart,
                                    float avail, TextUtils.TruncateAt where,
                                    int line, float textwidth, TextPaint paint) {
         int len = lineend - linestart;
@@ -986,7 +740,7 @@
             int i;
 
             for (i = len; i >= 0; i--) {
-                float w = widths[i - 1 + linestart - widstart + widoff];
+                float w = widths[i - 1 + linestart - widstart];
 
                 if (w + sum + ellipsiswid > avail) {
                     break;
@@ -1002,7 +756,7 @@
             int i;
 
             for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                float w = widths[i + linestart - widstart + widoff];
+                float w = widths[i + linestart - widstart];
 
                 if (w + sum + ellipsiswid > avail) {
                     break;
@@ -1019,7 +773,7 @@
 
             float ravail = (avail - ellipsiswid) / 2;
             for (right = len; right >= 0; right--) {
-                float w = widths[right - 1 + linestart - widstart + widoff];
+                float w = widths[right - 1 + linestart - widstart];
 
                 if (w + rsum > ravail) {
                     break;
@@ -1030,7 +784,7 @@
 
             float lavail = avail - ellipsiswid - rsum;
             for (left = 0; left < right; left++) {
-                float w = widths[left + linestart - widstart + widoff];
+                float w = widths[left + linestart - widstart];
 
                 if (w + lsum > lavail) {
                     break;
@@ -1047,7 +801,7 @@
         mLines[mColumns * line + ELLIPSIS_COUNT] = ellipsisCount;
     }
 
-    // Override the baseclass so we can directly access our members,
+    // Override the base class so we can directly access our members,
     // rather than relying on member functions.
     // The logic mirrors that of Layout.getLineForVertical
     // FIXME: It may be faster to do a linear search for layouts without many lines.
@@ -1156,10 +910,8 @@
     private static final char FIRST_RIGHT_TO_LEFT = '\u0590';
 
     /*
-     * These are reused across calls to generate()
+     * This is reused across calls to generate()
      */
-    private byte[] mChdirs;
-    private char[] mChs;
-    private float[] mWidths;
+    private MeasuredText mMeasured;
     private Paint.FontMetricsInt mFontMetricsInt = new Paint.FontMetricsInt();
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/Styled.java b/core/java/android/text/Styled.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 513b2cd..0000000
--- a/core/java/android/text/Styled.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,434 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-package android.text;
-
-import android.graphics.Canvas;
-import android.graphics.Paint;
-import android.text.style.CharacterStyle;
-import android.text.style.MetricAffectingSpan;
-import android.text.style.ReplacementSpan;
-
-/**
- * This class provides static methods for drawing and measuring styled text,
- * like {@link android.text.Spanned} object with
- * {@link android.text.style.ReplacementSpan}.
- *
- * @hide
- */
-public class Styled
-{
-    /**
-     * Draws and/or measures a uniform run of text on a single line. No span of
-     * interest should start or end in the middle of this run (if not
-     * drawing, character spans that don't affect metrics can be ignored).
-     * Neither should the run direction change in the middle of the run.
-     *
-     * <p>The x position is the leading edge of the text. In a right-to-left
-     * paragraph, this will be to the right of the text to be drawn. Paint
-     * should not have an Align value other than LEFT or positioning will get
-     * confused.
-     *
-     * <p>On return, workPaint will reflect the original paint plus any
-     * modifications made by character styles on the run.
-     *
-     * <p>The returned width is signed and will be < 0 if the paragraph
-     * direction is right-to-left.
-     */
-    private static float drawUniformRun(Canvas canvas,
-                              Spanned text, int start, int end,
-                              int dir, boolean runIsRtl,
-                              float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
-                              Paint.FontMetricsInt fmi,
-                              TextPaint paint,
-                              TextPaint workPaint,
-                              boolean needWidth) {
-
-        boolean haveWidth = false;
-        float ret = 0;
-        CharacterStyle[] spans = text.getSpans(start, end, CharacterStyle.class);
-
-        ReplacementSpan replacement = null;
-
-        // XXX: This shouldn't be modifying paint, only workPaint.
-        // However, the members belonging to TextPaint should have default
-        // values anyway.  Better to ensure this in the Layout constructor.
-        paint.bgColor = 0;
-        paint.baselineShift = 0;
-        workPaint.set(paint);
-
-		if (spans.length > 0) {
-			for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
-				CharacterStyle span = spans[i];
-
-				if (span instanceof ReplacementSpan) {
-					replacement = (ReplacementSpan)span;
-				}
-				else {
-					span.updateDrawState(workPaint);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-        if (replacement == null) {
-            CharSequence tmp;
-            int tmpstart, tmpend;
-
-            if (runIsRtl) {
-                tmp = TextUtils.getReverse(text, start, end);
-                tmpstart = 0;
-                // XXX: assumes getReverse doesn't change the length of the text
-                tmpend = end - start;
-            } else {
-                tmp = text;
-                tmpstart = start;
-                tmpend = end;
-            }
-
-            if (fmi != null) {
-                workPaint.getFontMetricsInt(fmi);
-            }
-
-            if (canvas != null) {
-                if (workPaint.bgColor != 0) {
-                    int c = workPaint.getColor();
-                    Paint.Style s = workPaint.getStyle();
-                    workPaint.setColor(workPaint.bgColor);
-                    workPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
-
-                    if (!haveWidth) {
-                        ret = workPaint.measureText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend);
-                        haveWidth = true;
-                    }
-
-                    if (dir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-                        canvas.drawRect(x - ret, top, x, bottom, workPaint);
-                    else
-                        canvas.drawRect(x, top, x + ret, bottom, workPaint);
-
-                    workPaint.setStyle(s);
-                    workPaint.setColor(c);
-                }
-
-                if (dir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
-                    if (!haveWidth) {
-                        ret = workPaint.measureText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend);
-                        haveWidth = true;
-                    }
-
-                    canvas.drawText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend,
-                                    x - ret, y + workPaint.baselineShift, workPaint);
-                } else {
-                    if (needWidth) {
-                        if (!haveWidth) {
-                            ret = workPaint.measureText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend);
-                            haveWidth = true;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    canvas.drawText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend,
-                                    x, y + workPaint.baselineShift, workPaint);
-                }
-            } else {
-                if (needWidth && !haveWidth) {
-                    ret = workPaint.measureText(tmp, tmpstart, tmpend);
-                    haveWidth = true;
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            ret = replacement.getSize(workPaint, text, start, end, fmi);
-
-            if (canvas != null) {
-                if (dir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-                    replacement.draw(canvas, text, start, end,
-                                     x - ret, top, y, bottom, workPaint);
-                else
-                    replacement.draw(canvas, text, start, end,
-                                     x, top, y, bottom, workPaint);
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (dir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT)
-            return -ret;
-        else
-            return ret;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the advance widths for a uniform left-to-right run of text with
-     * no style changes in the middle of the run. If any style is replacement
-     * text, the first character will get the width of the replacement and the
-     * remaining characters will get a width of 0.
-     * 
-     * @param paint the paint, will not be modified
-     * @param workPaint a paint to modify; on return will reflect the original
-     *        paint plus the effect of all spans on the run
-     * @param text the text
-     * @param start the start of the run
-     * @param end the limit of the run
-     * @param widths array to receive the advance widths of the characters. Must
-     *        be at least a large as (end - start).
-     * @param fmi FontMetrics information; can be null
-     * @return the actual number of widths returned
-     */
-    public static int getTextWidths(TextPaint paint,
-                                    TextPaint workPaint,
-                                    Spanned text, int start, int end,
-                                    float[] widths, Paint.FontMetricsInt fmi) {
-        MetricAffectingSpan[] spans =
-            text.getSpans(start, end, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
-
-		ReplacementSpan replacement = null;
-        workPaint.set(paint);
-		
-		for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
-			MetricAffectingSpan span = spans[i];
-			if (span instanceof ReplacementSpan) {
-				replacement = (ReplacementSpan)span;
-			}
-			else {
-				span.updateMeasureState(workPaint);
-			}
-		}
-	
-        if (replacement == null) {
-            workPaint.getFontMetricsInt(fmi);
-            workPaint.getTextWidths(text, start, end, widths);
-        } else {
-            int wid = replacement.getSize(workPaint, text, start, end, fmi);
-
-            if (end > start) {
-                widths[0] = wid;
-                for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++)
-                    widths[i - start] = 0;
-            }
-        }
-        return end - start;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Renders and/or measures a directional run of text on a single line.
-     * Unlike {@link #drawUniformRun}, this can render runs that cross style
-     * boundaries.  Returns the signed advance width, if requested.
-     *
-     * <p>The x position is the leading edge of the text. In a right-to-left
-     * paragraph, this will be to the right of the text to be drawn. Paint
-     * should not have an Align value other than LEFT or positioning will get
-     * confused.
-     *
-     * <p>This optimizes for unstyled text and so workPaint might not be
-     * modified by this call.
-     *
-     * <p>The returned advance width will be < 0 if the paragraph
-     * direction is right-to-left.
-     */
-    private static float drawDirectionalRun(Canvas canvas,
-                                 CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                                 int dir, boolean runIsRtl,
-                                 float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
-                                 Paint.FontMetricsInt fmi,
-                                 TextPaint paint,
-                                 TextPaint workPaint,
-                                 boolean needWidth) {
-
-        // XXX: It looks like all calls to this API match dir and runIsRtl, so
-        // having both parameters is redundant and confusing.
-
-        // fast path for unstyled text
-        if (!(text instanceof Spanned)) {
-            float ret = 0;
-
-            if (runIsRtl) {
-                CharSequence tmp = TextUtils.getReverse(text, start, end);
-                // XXX: this assumes getReverse doesn't tweak the length of
-                // the text
-                int tmpend = end - start;
-
-                if (canvas != null || needWidth)
-                    ret = paint.measureText(tmp, 0, tmpend);
-
-                if (canvas != null)
-                    canvas.drawText(tmp, 0, tmpend,
-                                    x - ret, y, paint);
-            } else {
-                if (needWidth)
-                    ret = paint.measureText(text, start, end);
-
-                if (canvas != null)
-                    canvas.drawText(text, start, end, x, y, paint);
-            }
-
-            if (fmi != null) {
-                paint.getFontMetricsInt(fmi);
-            }
-
-            return ret * dir;   // Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT == -1
-        }
-        
-        float ox = x;
-        int minAscent = 0, maxDescent = 0, minTop = 0, maxBottom = 0;
-
-        Spanned sp = (Spanned) text;
-        Class<?> division;
-
-        if (canvas == null)
-            division = MetricAffectingSpan.class;
-        else
-            division = CharacterStyle.class;
-
-        int next;
-        for (int i = start; i < end; i = next) {
-            next = sp.nextSpanTransition(i, end, division);
-
-            // XXX: if dir and runIsRtl were not the same, this would draw
-            // spans in the wrong order, but no one appears to call it this
-            // way.
-            x += drawUniformRun(canvas, sp, i, next, dir, runIsRtl,
-                  x, top, y, bottom, fmi, paint, workPaint,
-                  needWidth || next != end);
-
-            if (fmi != null) {
-                if (fmi.ascent < minAscent)
-                    minAscent = fmi.ascent;
-                if (fmi.descent > maxDescent)
-                    maxDescent = fmi.descent;
-
-                if (fmi.top < minTop)
-                    minTop = fmi.top;
-                if (fmi.bottom > maxBottom)
-                    maxBottom = fmi.bottom;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (fmi != null) {
-            if (start == end) {
-                paint.getFontMetricsInt(fmi);
-            } else {
-                fmi.ascent = minAscent;
-                fmi.descent = maxDescent;
-                fmi.top = minTop;
-                fmi.bottom = maxBottom;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return x - ox;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Draws a unidirectional run of text on a single line, and optionally
-     * returns the signed advance.  Unlike drawDirectionalRun, the paragraph
-     * direction and run direction can be different.
-     */
-    /* package */ static float drawText(Canvas canvas,
-                                       CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                                       int dir, boolean runIsRtl,
-                                       float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
-                                       TextPaint paint,
-                                       TextPaint workPaint,
-                                       boolean needWidth) {
-        // XXX this logic is (dir == DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) == runIsRtl
-        if ((dir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT && !runIsRtl) ||
-            (runIsRtl && dir == Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT)) {
-            // TODO: this needs the real direction
-            float ch = drawDirectionalRun(null, text, start, end,
-                    Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT, false, 0, 0, 0, 0, null, paint,
-                    workPaint, true);
-
-            ch *= dir;  // DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT == -1
-            drawDirectionalRun(canvas, text, start, end, -dir,
-                    runIsRtl, x + ch, top, y, bottom, null, paint,
-                    workPaint, true);
-
-            return ch;
-        }
-
-        return drawDirectionalRun(canvas, text, start, end, dir, runIsRtl,
-                       x, top, y, bottom, null, paint, workPaint,
-                       needWidth);
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * Draws a run of text on a single line, with its
-     * origin at (x,y), in the specified Paint. The origin is interpreted based
-     * on the Align setting in the Paint.
-     *
-     * This method considers style information in the text (e.g. even when text
-     * is an instance of {@link android.text.Spanned}, this method correctly
-     * draws the text). See also
-     * {@link android.graphics.Canvas#drawText(CharSequence, int, int, float,
-     * float, Paint)} and
-     * {@link android.graphics.Canvas#drawRect(float, float, float, float,
-     * Paint)}.
-     * 
-     * @param canvas The target canvas
-     * @param text The text to be drawn
-     * @param start The index of the first character in text to draw
-     * @param end (end - 1) is the index of the last character in text to draw
-     * @param direction The direction of the text. This must be
-     *        {@link android.text.Layout#DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT} or
-     *        {@link android.text.Layout#DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT}.
-     * @param x The x-coordinate of origin for where to draw the text
-     * @param top The top side of the rectangle to be drawn
-     * @param y The y-coordinate of origin for where to draw the text
-     * @param bottom The bottom side of the rectangle to be drawn
-     * @param paint The main {@link TextPaint} object.
-     * @param workPaint The {@link TextPaint} object used for temporal
-     *        workspace.
-     * @param needWidth If true, this method returns the width of drawn text
-     * @return Width of the drawn text if needWidth is true
-     */
-    public static float drawText(Canvas canvas,
-                                 CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                                 int direction,
-                                 float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
-                                 TextPaint paint,
-                                 TextPaint workPaint,
-                                 boolean needWidth) {
-        // For safety.
-        direction = direction >= 0 ? Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT
-                : Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT;
-
-        // Hide runIsRtl parameter since it is meaningless for external
-        // developers.
-        // XXX: the runIsRtl probably ought to be the same as direction, then
-        // this could draw rtl text.
-        return drawText(canvas, text, start, end, direction, false,
-                        x, top, y, bottom, paint, workPaint, needWidth);
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * Returns the width of a run of left-to-right text on a single line,
-     * considering style information in the text (e.g. even when text is an
-     * instance of {@link android.text.Spanned}, this method correctly measures
-     * the width of the text).
-     * 
-     * @param paint the main {@link TextPaint} object; will not be modified
-     * @param workPaint the {@link TextPaint} object available for modification;
-     *        will not necessarily be used
-     * @param text the text to measure
-     * @param start the index of the first character to start measuring
-     * @param end 1 beyond the index of the last character to measure
-     * @param fmi FontMetrics information; can be null
-     * @return The width of the text
-     */
-    public static float measureText(TextPaint paint,
-                                    TextPaint workPaint,
-                                    CharSequence text, int start, int end,
-                                    Paint.FontMetricsInt fmi) {
-        return drawDirectionalRun(null, text, start, end,
-                       Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT, false,
-                       0, 0, 0, 0, fmi, paint, workPaint, true);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/TextLine.java b/core/java/android/text/TextLine.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ab481b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/text/TextLine.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1053 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.text;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
+
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.graphics.Canvas;
+import android.graphics.Paint;
+import android.graphics.RectF;
+import android.graphics.Paint.FontMetricsInt;
+import android.icu.text.ArabicShaping;
+import android.text.Layout.Directions;
+import android.text.style.CharacterStyle;
+import android.text.style.MetricAffectingSpan;
+import android.text.style.ReplacementSpan;
+import android.text.style.TabStopSpan;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a line of styled text, for measuring in visual order and
+ * for rendering.
+ *
+ * <p>Get a new instance using obtain(), and when finished with it, return it
+ * to the pool using recycle().
+ *
+ * <p>Call set to prepare the instance for use, then either draw, measure,
+ * metrics, or caretToLeftRightOf.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+class TextLine {
+    private TextPaint mPaint;
+    private CharSequence mText;
+    private int mStart;
+    private int mLen;
+    private int mDir;
+    private Directions mDirections;
+    private boolean mHasTabs;
+    private TabStopSpan[] mTabs;
+
+    private char[] mChars;
+    private boolean mCharsValid;
+    private Spanned mSpanned;
+    private TextPaint mWorkPaint = new TextPaint();
+    private int mPreppedIndex;
+    private int mPreppedLimit;
+
+    private static TextLine[] cached = new TextLine[3];
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a new TextLine from the shared pool.
+     *
+     * @return an uninitialized TextLine
+     */
+    static TextLine obtain() {
+        TextLine tl;
+        synchronized (cached) {
+            for (int i = cached.length; --i >= 0;) {
+                if (cached[i] != null) {
+                    tl = cached[i];
+                    cached[i] = null;
+                    return tl;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        tl = new TextLine();
+        Log.e("TLINE", "new: " + tl);
+        return tl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Puts a TextLine back into the shared pool. Do not use this TextLine once
+     * it has been returned.
+     * @param tl the textLine
+     * @return null, as a convenience from clearing references to the provided
+     * TextLine
+     */
+    static TextLine recycle(TextLine tl) {
+        tl.mText = null;
+        tl.mPaint = null;
+        tl.mDirections = null;
+        if (tl.mLen < 250) {
+            synchronized(cached) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < cached.length; ++i) {
+                    if (cached[i] == null) {
+                        cached[i] = tl;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initializes a TextLine and prepares it for use.
+     *
+     * @param paint the base paint for the line
+     * @param text the text, can be Styled
+     * @param start the start of the line relative to the text
+     * @param limit the limit of the line relative to the text
+     * @param dir the paragraph direction of this line
+     * @param directions the directions information of this line
+     * @param hasTabs true if the line might contain tabs or emoji
+     * @param spans array of paragraph-level spans, of which only TabStopSpans
+     * are used.  Can be null.
+     */
+    void set(TextPaint paint, CharSequence text, int start, int limit, int dir,
+            Directions directions, boolean hasTabs, Object[] spans) {
+        mPaint = paint;
+        mText = text;
+        mStart = start;
+        mLen = limit - start;
+        mDir = dir;
+        mDirections = directions;
+        mHasTabs = hasTabs;
+        mSpanned = null;
+        mPreppedIndex = 0;
+        mPreppedLimit = 0;
+
+        boolean hasReplacement = false;
+        if (text instanceof Spanned) {
+            mSpanned = (Spanned) text;
+            hasReplacement = mSpanned.getSpans(start, limit,
+                    ReplacementSpan.class).length > 0;
+        }
+
+        mCharsValid = hasReplacement || hasTabs ||
+            directions != Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
+
+        if (mCharsValid) {
+            if (mChars == null || mChars.length < mLen) {
+                mChars = new char[ArrayUtils.idealCharArraySize(mLen)];
+            }
+            TextUtils.getChars(text, start, limit, mChars, 0);
+
+            if (hasTabs) {
+                TabStopSpan[] tabs = mTabs;
+                int tabLen = 0;
+                if (mSpanned != null && spans == null) {
+                    TabStopSpan[] newTabs = mSpanned.getSpans(start, limit,
+                            TabStopSpan.class);
+                    if (tabs == null || tabs.length < newTabs.length) {
+                        tabs = newTabs;
+                    } else {
+                        for (int i = 0; i < newTabs.length; ++i) {
+                            tabs[i] = newTabs[i];
+                        }
+                    }
+                    tabLen = newTabs.length;
+                } else if (spans != null) {
+                    if (tabs == null || tabs.length < spans.length) {
+                        tabs = new TabStopSpan[spans.length];
+                    }
+                    for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; ++i) {
+                        if (spans[i] instanceof TabStopSpan) {
+                            tabs[tabLen++] = (TabStopSpan) spans[i];
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (tabs != null && tabLen < tabs.length){
+                    tabs[tabLen] = null;
+                }
+                mTabs = tabs;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Renders the TextLine.
+     *
+     * @param c the canvas to render on
+     * @param x the leading margin position
+     * @param top the top of the line
+     * @param y the baseline
+     * @param bottom the bottom of the line
+     */
+    void draw(Canvas c, float x, int top, int y, int bottom) {
+        if (!mHasTabs) {
+            if (mDirections == Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) {
+                drawRun(c, 0, 0, mLen, false, x, top, y, bottom, false);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (mDirections == Layout.DIRS_ALL_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
+                drawRun(c, 0, 0, mLen, true, x, top, y, bottom, false);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        float h = 0;
+        int[] runs = mDirections.mDirections;
+        RectF emojiRect = null;
+
+        int lastRunIndex = runs.length - 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < runs.length; i += 2) {
+            int runStart = runs[i];
+            int runLimit = runStart + (runs[i+1] & Layout.RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
+            if (runLimit > mLen) {
+                runLimit = mLen;
+            }
+            boolean runIsRtl = (runs[i+1] & Layout.RUN_RTL_FLAG) != 0;
+
+            int segstart = runStart;
+            char[] chars = mChars;
+            for (int j = mHasTabs ? runStart : runLimit; j <= runLimit; j++) {
+                int codept = 0;
+                Bitmap bm = null;
+
+                if (mHasTabs && j < runLimit) {
+                    codept = mChars[j];
+                    if (codept >= 0xd800 && codept < 0xdc00 && j + 1 < runLimit) {
+                        codept = Character.codePointAt(mChars, j);
+                        if (codept >= Layout.MIN_EMOJI && codept <= Layout.MAX_EMOJI) {
+                            bm = Layout.EMOJI_FACTORY.getBitmapFromAndroidPua(codept);
+                        } else if (codept > 0xffff) {
+                            ++j;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (j == runLimit || codept == '\t' || bm != null) {
+                    h += drawRun(c, i, segstart, j, runIsRtl, x+h, top, y, bottom,
+                            i != lastRunIndex || j != mLen);
+
+                    if (codept == '\t') {
+                        h = mDir * nextTab(h * mDir);
+                    } else if (bm != null) {
+                        float bmAscent = ascent(j);
+                        float bitmapHeight = bm.getHeight();
+                        float scale = -bmAscent / bitmapHeight;
+                        float width = bm.getWidth() * scale;
+
+                        if (emojiRect == null) {
+                            emojiRect = new RectF();
+                        }
+                        emojiRect.set(x + h, y + bmAscent,
+                                x + h + width, y);
+                        c.drawBitmap(bm, null, emojiRect, mPaint);
+                        h += width;
+                        j++;
+                    }
+                    segstart = j + 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns metrics information for the entire line.
+     *
+     * @param fmi receives font metrics information, can be null
+     * @return the signed width of the line
+     */
+    float metrics(FontMetricsInt fmi) {
+        return measure(mLen, false, fmi);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns information about a position on the line.
+     *
+     * @param offset the line-relative character offset, between 0 and the
+     * line length, inclusive
+     * @param trailing true to measure the trailing edge of the character
+     * before offset, false to measure the leading edge of the character
+     * at offset.
+     * @param fmi receives metrics information about the requested
+     * character, can be null.
+     * @return the signed offset from the leading margin to the requested
+     * character edge.
+     */
+    float measure(int offset, boolean trailing, FontMetricsInt fmi) {
+        int target = trailing ? offset - 1 : offset;
+        if (target < 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        float h = 0;
+
+        if (!mHasTabs) {
+            if (mDirections == Layout.DIRS_ALL_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) {
+                return measureRun( 0, 0, target, mLen, false, fmi);
+            }
+            if (mDirections == Layout.DIRS_ALL_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
+                return measureRun(0, 0, target, mLen, true, fmi);
+            }
+        }
+
+        char[] chars = mChars;
+        int[] runs = mDirections.mDirections;
+        for (int i = 0; i < runs.length; i += 2) {
+            int runStart = runs[i];
+            int runLimit = runStart + (runs[i+1] & Layout.RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
+            if (runLimit > mLen) {
+                runLimit = mLen;
+            }
+            boolean runIsRtl = (runs[i+1] & Layout.RUN_RTL_FLAG) != 0;
+
+            int segstart = runStart;
+            for (int j = mHasTabs ? runStart : runLimit; j <= runLimit; j++) {
+                int codept = 0;
+                Bitmap bm = null;
+
+                if (mHasTabs && j < runLimit) {
+                    codept = chars[j];
+                    if (codept >= 0xd800 && codept < 0xdc00 && j + 1 < runLimit) {
+                        codept = Character.codePointAt(chars, j);
+                        if (codept >= Layout.MIN_EMOJI && codept <= Layout.MAX_EMOJI) {
+                            bm = Layout.EMOJI_FACTORY.getBitmapFromAndroidPua(codept);
+                        } else if (codept > 0xffff) {
+                            ++j;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (j == runLimit || codept == '\t' || bm != null) {
+                    boolean inSegment = target >= segstart && target < j;
+
+                    boolean advance = (mDir == Layout.DIR_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) == runIsRtl;
+                    if (inSegment && advance) {
+                        return h += measureRun(i, segstart, offset, j, runIsRtl, fmi);
+                    }
+
+                    float w = measureRun(i, segstart, j, j, runIsRtl, fmi);
+                    h += advance ? w : -w;
+
+                    if (inSegment) {
+                        return h += measureRun(i, segstart, offset, j, runIsRtl, null);
+                    }
+
+                    if (codept == '\t') {
+                        if (offset == j) {
+                            return h;
+                        }
+                        h = mDir * nextTab(h * mDir);
+                        if (target == j) {
+                            return h;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (bm != null) {
+                        float bmAscent = ascent(j);
+                        float wid = bm.getWidth() * -bmAscent / bm.getHeight();
+                        h += mDir * wid;
+                        j++;
+                    }
+
+                    segstart = j + 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return h;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Draws a unidirectional (but possibly multi-styled) run of text.
+     *
+     * @param c the canvas to draw on
+     * @param runIndex the index of this directional run
+     * @param start the line-relative start
+     * @param limit the line-relative limit
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param x the position of the run that is closest to the leading margin
+     * @param top the top of the line
+     * @param y the baseline
+     * @param bottom the bottom of the line
+     * @param needWidth true if the width value is required.
+     * @return the signed width of the run, based on the paragraph direction.
+     * Only valid if needWidth is true.
+     */
+    private float drawRun(Canvas c, int runIndex, int start,
+            int limit, boolean runIsRtl, float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
+            boolean needWidth) {
+
+        if ((mDir == Layout.DIR_LEFT_TO_RIGHT) == runIsRtl) {
+            float w = -measureRun(runIndex, start, limit, limit, runIsRtl, null);
+            handleRun(runIndex, start, limit, limit, runIsRtl, c, x + w, top,
+                    y, bottom, null, false, PREP_NONE);
+            return w;
+        }
+
+        return handleRun(runIndex, start, limit, limit, runIsRtl, c, x, top,
+                y, bottom, null, needWidth, PREP_NEEDED);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Measures a unidirectional (but possibly multi-styled) run of text.
+     *
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param start the line-relative start of the run
+     * @param offset the offset to measure to, between start and limit inclusive
+     * @param limit the line-relative limit of the run
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param fmi receives metrics information about the requested
+     * run, can be null.
+     * @return the signed width from the start of the run to the leading edge
+     * of the character at offset, based on the run (not paragraph) direction
+     */
+    private float measureRun(int runIndex, int start,
+            int offset, int limit, boolean runIsRtl, FontMetricsInt fmi) {
+        return handleRun(runIndex, start, offset, limit, runIsRtl, null,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, fmi, true, PREP_NEEDED);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares a run for measurement or rendering.  This ensures that any
+     * required shaping of the text in the run has been performed so that
+     * measurements reflect the shaped text.
+     *
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param start the line-relative start of the run
+     * @param limit the line-relative limit of the run
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     */
+    private void prepRun(int runIndex, int start, int limit,
+            boolean runIsRtl) {
+        handleRun(runIndex, start, limit, limit, runIsRtl, null, 0, 0, 0,
+                0, null, false, PREP_ONLY);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Walk the cursor through this line, skipping conjuncts and
+     * zero-width characters.
+     *
+     * <p>This function cannot properly walk the cursor off the ends of the line
+     * since it does not know about any shaping on the previous/following line
+     * that might affect the cursor position. Callers must either avoid these
+     * situations or handle the result specially.
+     *
+     * <p>The paint is required because the region around the cursor might not
+     * have been formatted yet, and the valid positions can depend on the glyphs
+     * used to render the text, which in turn depends on the paint.
+     *
+     * @param paint the base paint of the line
+     * @param cursor the starting position of the cursor, between 0 and the
+     * length of the line, inclusive
+     * @param toLeft true if the caret is moving to the left.
+     * @return the new offset.  If it is less than 0 or greater than the length
+     * of the line, the previous/following line should be examined to get the
+     * actual offset.
+     */
+    int getOffsetToLeftRightOf(int cursor, boolean toLeft) {
+        // 1) The caret marks the leading edge of a character. The character
+        // logically before it might be on a different level, and the active caret
+        // position is on the character at the lower level. If that character
+        // was the previous character, the caret is on its trailing edge.
+        // 2) Take this character/edge and move it in the indicated direction.
+        // This gives you a new character and a new edge.
+        // 3) This position is between two visually adjacent characters.  One of
+        // these might be at a lower level.  The active position is on the
+        // character at the lower level.
+        // 4) If the active position is on the trailing edge of the character,
+        // the new caret position is the following logical character, else it
+        // is the character.
+
+        int lineStart = 0;
+        int lineEnd = mLen;
+        boolean paraIsRtl = mDir == -1;
+        int[] runs = mDirections.mDirections;
+
+        int runIndex, runLevel = 0, runStart = lineStart, runLimit = lineEnd, newCaret = -1;
+        boolean trailing = false;
+
+        if (cursor == lineStart) {
+            runIndex = -2;
+        } else if (cursor == lineEnd) {
+            runIndex = runs.length;
+        } else {
+          // First, get information about the run containing the character with
+          // the active caret.
+          for (runIndex = 0; runIndex < runs.length; runIndex += 2) {
+            runStart = lineStart + runs[runIndex];
+            if (cursor >= runStart) {
+              runLimit = runStart + (runs[runIndex+1] & Layout.RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
+              if (runLimit > lineEnd) {
+                  runLimit = lineEnd;
+              }
+              if (cursor < runLimit) {
+                runLevel = (runs[runIndex+1] >>> Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT) &
+                    Layout.RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
+                if (cursor == runStart) {
+                  // The caret is on a run boundary, see if we should
+                  // use the position on the trailing edge of the previous
+                  // logical character instead.
+                  int prevRunIndex, prevRunLevel, prevRunStart, prevRunLimit;
+                  int pos = cursor - 1;
+                  for (prevRunIndex = 0; prevRunIndex < runs.length; prevRunIndex += 2) {
+                    prevRunStart = lineStart + runs[prevRunIndex];
+                    if (pos >= prevRunStart) {
+                      prevRunLimit = prevRunStart +
+                          (runs[prevRunIndex+1] & Layout.RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
+                      if (prevRunLimit > lineEnd) {
+                          prevRunLimit = lineEnd;
+                      }
+                      if (pos < prevRunLimit) {
+                        prevRunLevel = (runs[prevRunIndex+1] >>> Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT)
+                            & Layout.RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
+                        if (prevRunLevel < runLevel) {
+                          // Start from logically previous character.
+                          runIndex = prevRunIndex;
+                          runLevel = prevRunLevel;
+                          runStart = prevRunStart;
+                          runLimit = prevRunLimit;
+                          trailing = true;
+                          break;
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          // caret might be == lineEnd.  This is generally a space or paragraph
+          // separator and has an associated run, but might be the end of
+          // text, in which case it doesn't.  If that happens, we ran off the
+          // end of the run list, and runIndex == runs.length.  In this case,
+          // we are at a run boundary so we skip the below test.
+          if (runIndex != runs.length) {
+              boolean runIsRtl = (runLevel & 0x1) != 0;
+              boolean advance = toLeft == runIsRtl;
+              if (cursor != (advance ? runLimit : runStart) || advance != trailing) {
+                  // Moving within or into the run, so we can move logically.
+                  prepRun(runIndex, runStart, runLimit, runIsRtl);
+                  newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(runIndex, cursor, advance);
+                  // If the new position is internal to the run, we're at the strong
+                  // position already so we're finished.
+                  if (newCaret != (advance ? runLimit : runStart)) {
+                      return newCaret;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+        }
+
+        // If newCaret is -1, we're starting at a run boundary and crossing
+        // into another run. Otherwise we've arrived at a run boundary, and
+        // need to figure out which character to attach to.  Note we might
+        // need to run this twice, if we cross a run boundary and end up at
+        // another run boundary.
+        while (true) {
+          boolean advance = toLeft == paraIsRtl;
+          int otherRunIndex = runIndex + (advance ? 2 : -2);
+          if (otherRunIndex >= 0 && otherRunIndex < runs.length) {
+            int otherRunStart = lineStart + runs[otherRunIndex];
+            int otherRunLimit = otherRunStart +
+            (runs[otherRunIndex+1] & Layout.RUN_LENGTH_MASK);
+            if (otherRunLimit > lineEnd) {
+                otherRunLimit = lineEnd;
+            }
+            int otherRunLevel = (runs[otherRunIndex+1] >>> Layout.RUN_LEVEL_SHIFT) &
+                Layout.RUN_LEVEL_MASK;
+            boolean otherRunIsRtl = (otherRunLevel & 1) != 0;
+
+            advance = toLeft == otherRunIsRtl;
+            if (newCaret == -1) {
+                prepRun(otherRunIndex, otherRunStart, otherRunLimit,
+                        otherRunIsRtl);
+                newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(otherRunIndex,
+                        advance ? otherRunStart : otherRunLimit, advance);
+                if (newCaret == (advance ? otherRunLimit : otherRunStart)) {
+                    // Crossed and ended up at a new boundary,
+                    // repeat a second and final time.
+                    runIndex = otherRunIndex;
+                    runLevel = otherRunLevel;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // The new caret is at a boundary.
+            if (otherRunLevel < runLevel) {
+              // The strong character is in the other run.
+              newCaret = advance ? otherRunStart : otherRunLimit;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+
+          if (newCaret == -1) {
+              // We're walking off the end of the line.  The paragraph
+              // level is always equal to or lower than any internal level, so
+              // the boundaries get the strong caret.
+              newCaret = getOffsetBeforeAfter(-1, cursor, advance);
+              break;
+          }
+
+          // Else we've arrived at the end of the line.  That's a strong position.
+          // We might have arrived here by crossing over a run with no internal
+          // breaks and dropping out of the above loop before advancing one final
+          // time, so reset the caret.
+          // Note, we use '<=' below to handle a situation where the only run
+          // on the line is a counter-directional run.  If we're not advancing,
+          // we can end up at the 'lineEnd' position but the caret we want is at
+          // the lineStart.
+          if (newCaret <= lineEnd) {
+              newCaret = advance ? lineEnd : lineStart;
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+
+        return newCaret;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the next valid offset within this directional run, skipping
+     * conjuncts and zero-width characters.  This should not be called to walk
+     * off the end of the run.
+     *
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param offset the offset
+     * @param after true if the new offset should logically follow the provided
+     * offset
+     * @return the new offset
+     */
+    private int getOffsetBeforeAfter(int runIndex, int offset, boolean after) {
+        // XXX note currently there is no special handling of zero-width
+        // combining marks, since the only analysis involves mock shaping.
+
+        boolean offEnd = offset == (after ? mLen : 0);
+        if (runIndex >= 0 && !offEnd && mCharsValid) {
+            char[] chars = mChars;
+            if (after) {
+                int cp = Character.codePointAt(chars, offset, mLen);
+                if (cp >= 0x10000) {
+                    ++offset;
+                }
+                while (++offset < mLen && chars[offset] == '\ufeff'){}
+            } else {
+                while (--offset >= 0 && chars[offset] == '\ufeff'){}
+                int cp = Character.codePointBefore(chars, offset + 1);
+                if (cp >= 0x10000) {
+                    --offset;
+                }
+            }
+            return offset;
+        }
+
+        if (after) {
+            return TextUtils.getOffsetAfter(mText, offset + mStart) - mStart;
+        }
+        return TextUtils.getOffsetBefore(mText, offset + mStart) - mStart;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility function for measuring and rendering text.  The text must
+     * not include a tab or emoji.
+     *
+     * @param wp the working paint
+     * @param start the start of the text
+     * @param limit the limit of the text
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param c the canvas, can be null if rendering is not needed
+     * @param x the edge of the run closest to the leading margin
+     * @param top the top of the line
+     * @param y the baseline
+     * @param bottom the bottom of the line
+     * @param fmi receives metrics information, can be null
+     * @param needWidth true if the width of the run is needed
+     * @return the signed width of the run based on the run direction; only
+     * valid if needWidth is true
+     */
+    private float handleText(TextPaint wp, int start, int limit,
+            boolean runIsRtl, Canvas c, float x, int top, int y, int bottom,
+            FontMetricsInt fmi, boolean needWidth) {
+
+        float ret = 0;
+
+        int runLen = limit - start;
+        if (needWidth || (c != null && (wp.bgColor != 0 || runIsRtl))) {
+            if (mCharsValid) {
+                ret = wp.measureText(mChars, start, runLen);
+            } else {
+                ret = wp.measureText(mText, mStart + start,
+                        mStart + start + runLen);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (fmi != null) {
+            wp.getFontMetricsInt(fmi);
+        }
+
+        if (c != null) {
+            if (runIsRtl) {
+                x -= ret;
+            }
+
+            if (wp.bgColor != 0) {
+                int color = wp.getColor();
+                Paint.Style s = wp.getStyle();
+                wp.setColor(wp.bgColor);
+                wp.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
+
+                c.drawRect(x, top, x + ret, bottom, wp);
+
+                wp.setStyle(s);
+                wp.setColor(color);
+            }
+
+            drawTextRun(c, wp, start, limit, runIsRtl, x, y + wp.baselineShift);
+        }
+
+        return runIsRtl ? -ret : ret;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility function for measuring and rendering a replacement.
+     *
+     * @param replacement the replacement
+     * @param wp the work paint
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param start the start of the run
+     * @param limit the limit of the run
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param c the canvas, can be null if not rendering
+     * @param x the edge of the replacement closest to the leading margin
+     * @param top the top of the line
+     * @param y the baseline
+     * @param bottom the bottom of the line
+     * @param fmi receives metrics information, can be null
+     * @param needWidth true if the width of the replacement is needed
+     * @param prepFlags one of PREP_NONE, PREP_REQUIRED, or PREP_ONLY
+     * @return the signed width of the run based on the run direction; only
+     * valid if needWidth is true
+     */
+    private float handleReplacement(ReplacementSpan replacement, TextPaint wp,
+            int runIndex, int start, int limit, boolean runIsRtl, Canvas c,
+            float x, int top, int y, int bottom, FontMetricsInt fmi,
+            boolean needWidth, int prepFlags) {
+
+        float ret = 0;
+
+        // Preparation replaces the first character of the series with the
+        // object-replacement character and the remainder with zero width
+        // non-break space aka BOM.  Cursor movement code skips over the BOMs
+        // so that the replacement character is the only character 'seen'.
+        if (prepFlags != PREP_NONE && limit > start &&
+                (runIndex > mPreppedIndex ||
+                        (runIndex == mPreppedIndex && start >= mPreppedLimit))) {
+            char[] chars = mChars;
+            chars[start] = '\ufffc';
+            for (int i = start + 1; i < limit; ++i) {
+                chars[i] = '\ufeff'; // used as ZWNBS, marks positions to skip
+            }
+            mPreppedIndex = runIndex;
+            mPreppedLimit = limit;
+        }
+
+        if (prepFlags != PREP_ONLY) {
+            int textStart = mStart + start;
+            int textLimit = mStart + limit;
+
+            if (needWidth || (c != null && runIsRtl)) {
+                ret = replacement.getSize(wp, mText, textStart, textLimit, fmi);
+            }
+
+            if (c != null) {
+                if (runIsRtl) {
+                    x -= ret;
+                }
+                replacement.draw(c, mText, textStart, textLimit,
+                        x, top, y, bottom, wp);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return runIsRtl ? -ret : ret;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Utility function for handling a unidirectional run.  The run must not
+     * contain tabs or emoji but can contain styles.
+     *
+     * @param p the base paint
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param start the line-relative start of the run
+     * @param offset the offset to measure to, between start and limit inclusive
+     * @param limit the limit of the run
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param c the canvas, can be null
+     * @param x the end of the run closest to the leading margin
+     * @param top the top of the line
+     * @param y the baseline
+     * @param bottom the bottom of the line
+     * @param fmi receives metrics information, can be null
+     * @param needWidth true if the width is required
+     * @param prepFlags one of PREP_NONE, PREP_REQUIRED, or PREP_ONLY
+     * @return the signed width of the run based on the run direction; only
+     * valid if needWidth is true
+     */
+    private float handleRun(int runIndex, int start, int offset,
+            int limit, boolean runIsRtl, Canvas c, float x, int top, int y,
+            int bottom, FontMetricsInt fmi, boolean needWidth, int prepFlags) {
+
+        // Shaping needs to take into account context up to metric boundaries,
+        // but rendering needs to take into account character style boundaries.
+        // So we iterate through metric runs, shape using the initial
+        // paint (the same typeface is used up to the next metric boundary),
+        // then within each metric run iterate through character style runs.
+        float ox = x;
+        for (int i = start, inext; i < offset; i = inext) {
+            TextPaint wp = mWorkPaint;
+            wp.set(mPaint);
+
+            int mnext;
+            if (mSpanned == null) {
+                inext = limit;
+                mnext = offset;
+            } else {
+                inext = mSpanned.nextSpanTransition(mStart + i, mStart + limit,
+                        MetricAffectingSpan.class) - mStart;
+
+                mnext = inext < offset ? inext : offset;
+                MetricAffectingSpan[] spans = mSpanned.getSpans(mStart + i,
+                        mStart + mnext, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+
+                if (spans.length > 0) {
+                    ReplacementSpan replacement = null;
+                    for (int j = 0; j < spans.length; j++) {
+                        MetricAffectingSpan span = spans[j];
+                        if (span instanceof ReplacementSpan) {
+                            replacement = (ReplacementSpan)span;
+                        } else {
+                            span.updateDrawState(wp); // XXX or measureState?
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (replacement != null) {
+                        x += handleReplacement(replacement, wp, runIndex, i,
+                                mnext, runIsRtl, c, x, top, y, bottom, fmi,
+                                needWidth || mnext < offset, prepFlags);
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (prepFlags != PREP_NONE) {
+                handlePrep(wp, runIndex, i, inext, runIsRtl);
+            }
+
+            if (prepFlags != PREP_ONLY) {
+                if (mSpanned == null || c == null) {
+                    x += handleText(wp, i, mnext, runIsRtl, c, x, top,
+                            y, bottom, fmi, needWidth || mnext < offset);
+                } else {
+                    for (int j = i, jnext; j < mnext; j = jnext) {
+                        jnext = mSpanned.nextSpanTransition(mStart + j,
+                                mStart + mnext, CharacterStyle.class) - mStart;
+
+                        CharacterStyle[] spans = mSpanned.getSpans(mStart + j,
+                                mStart + jnext, CharacterStyle.class);
+
+                        wp.set(mPaint);
+                        for (int k = 0; k < spans.length; k++) {
+                            CharacterStyle span = spans[k];
+                            span.updateDrawState(wp);
+                        }
+
+                        x += handleText(wp, j, jnext, runIsRtl, c, x,
+                                top, y, bottom, fmi, needWidth || jnext < offset);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return x - ox;
+    }
+
+    private static final int PREP_NONE = 0;
+    private static final int PREP_NEEDED = 1;
+    private static final int PREP_ONLY = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Prepares text for measuring or rendering.
+     *
+     * @param paint the paint used to shape the text
+     * @param runIndex the run index
+     * @param start the start of the text to prepare
+     * @param limit the limit of the text to prepare
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     */
+    private void handlePrep(TextPaint paint, int runIndex, int start, int limit,
+            boolean runIsRtl) {
+
+        // The current implementation 'prepares' text by manipulating the
+        // character array.  In order to keep track of what ranges have
+        // already been prepared, it uses the runIndex and the limit of
+        // the prepared text within that run.  This index is required
+        // since operations that prepare the text always proceed in visual
+        // order and the limit itself does not let us know which runs have
+        // been processed and which have not.
+        //
+        // This bookkeeping is an attempt to let us process a line partially,
+        // for example, by only shaping up to the cursor position.  This may
+        // not make sense if we can reuse the line, say by caching repeated
+        // accesses to the same line for both measuring and drawing, since in
+        // those cases we'd always prepare the entire line.  At the
+        // opposite extreme, we might shape and then immediately discard only
+        // the run of text we're working with at the moment, instead of retaining
+        // the results of shaping (as the chars array is).  In this case as well
+        // we would not need to do the index/limit bookkeeping.
+        //
+        // Technically, the only reason for bookkeeping is so that we don't
+        // re-mirror already-mirrored glyphs, since the shaping and object
+        // replacement operations will not change already-processed text.
+
+        if (runIndex > mPreppedIndex ||
+                (runIndex == mPreppedIndex && start >= mPreppedLimit)) {
+            if (runIsRtl) {
+                int runLen = limit - start;
+                AndroidCharacter.mirror(mChars, start, runLen);
+                ArabicShaping.SHAPER.shape(mChars, start, runLen);
+
+                // Note: tweaked MockShaper to put '\ufeff' in place of
+                // alef when it forms lam-alef ligatures, so no extra
+                // processing is necessary here.
+            }
+            mPreppedIndex = runIndex;
+            mPreppedLimit = limit;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Render a text run with the set-up paint.
+     *
+     * @param c the canvas
+     * @param wp the paint used to render the text
+     * @param start the run start
+     * @param limit the run limit
+     * @param runIsRtl true if the run is right-to-left
+     * @param x the x position of the left edge of the run
+     * @param y the baseline of the run
+     */
+    private void drawTextRun(Canvas c, TextPaint wp, int start, int limit,
+            boolean runIsRtl, float x, int y) {
+
+        // Since currently skia only renders text left-to-right, we need to
+        // put the shaped characters into visual order before rendering.
+        // Since we might want to re-render the line again, we swap them
+        // back when we're done.  If we left them swapped, measurement
+        // would be broken since it expects the characters in logical order.
+        if (runIsRtl) {
+            swapRun(start, limit);
+        }
+        if (mCharsValid) {
+            c.drawText(mChars, start, limit - start, x, y, wp);
+        } else {
+            c.drawText(mText, mStart + start, mStart + limit, x, y, wp);
+        }
+        if (runIsRtl) {
+            swapRun(start, limit);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverses the order of characters in the chars array between start and
+     * limit, used by drawTextRun.
+     * @param start the start of the run to reverse
+     * @param limit the limit of the run to reverse
+     */
+    private void swapRun(int start, int limit) {
+        // First we swap all the characters one for one, then we
+        // do another pass looking for surrogate pairs and swapping them
+        // back into their logical order.
+        char[] chars = mChars;
+        for (int s = start, e = limit - 1; s < e; ++s, --e) {
+            char ch = chars[s]; chars[s] = chars[e]; chars[e] = ch;
+        }
+
+        for (int s = start, e = limit - 1; s < e; ++s) {
+            char c1 = chars[s];
+            if (c1 >= 0xdc00 && c1 < 0xe000) {
+                char c2 = chars[s+1];
+                if (c2 >= 0xd800 && c2 < 0xdc00) {
+                    chars[s++] = c2;
+                    chars[s] = c1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the ascent of the text at start.  This is used for scaling
+     * emoji.
+     *
+     * @param pos the line-relative position
+     * @return the ascent of the text at start
+     */
+    float ascent(int pos) {
+        if (mSpanned == null) {
+            return mPaint.ascent();
+        }
+
+        pos += mStart;
+        MetricAffectingSpan[] spans = mSpanned.getSpans(pos, pos + 1,
+                MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+        if (spans.length == 0) {
+            return mPaint.ascent();
+        }
+
+        TextPaint wp = mWorkPaint;
+        wp.set(mPaint);
+        for (MetricAffectingSpan span : spans) {
+            span.updateMeasureState(wp);
+        }
+        return wp.ascent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the next tab position.
+     *
+     * @param h the (unsigned) offset from the leading margin
+     * @return the (unsigned) tab position after this offset
+     */
+    float nextTab(float h) {
+        float nh = Float.MAX_VALUE;
+        boolean alltabs = false;
+
+        if (mHasTabs && mTabs != null) {
+            TabStopSpan[] tabs = mTabs;
+            for (int i = 0; i < tabs.length && tabs[i] != null; ++i) {
+                int where = tabs[i].getTabStop();
+                if (where < nh && where > h) {
+                    nh = where;
+                }
+            }
+            if (nh != Float.MAX_VALUE) {
+                return nh;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return ((int) ((h + TAB_INCREMENT) / TAB_INCREMENT)) * TAB_INCREMENT;
+    }
+
+    private static final int TAB_INCREMENT = 20;
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/text/TextUtils.java b/core/java/android/text/TextUtils.java
index 9589bf3..2d6c7b6 100644
--- a/core/java/android/text/TextUtils.java
+++ b/core/java/android/text/TextUtils.java
@@ -17,12 +17,11 @@
 package android.text;
 
 import com.android.internal.R;
+import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
 
-import android.content.res.ColorStateList;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
-import android.text.method.TextKeyListener.Capitalize;
 import android.text.style.AbsoluteSizeSpan;
 import android.text.style.AlignmentSpan;
 import android.text.style.BackgroundColorSpan;
@@ -45,10 +44,8 @@
 import android.text.style.UnderlineSpan;
 import android.util.Printer;
 
-import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
-
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 public class TextUtils {
     private TextUtils() { /* cannot be instantiated */ }
@@ -983,7 +980,7 @@
     /**
      * Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
      * given the properties of the specified Paint,
-     * or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added 
+     * or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added
      * at the specified edge or center.
      * If <code>preserveLength</code> is specified, the returned copy
      * will be padded with zero-width spaces to preserve the original
@@ -992,7 +989,7 @@
      * report the start and end of the ellipsized range.
      */
     public static CharSequence ellipsize(CharSequence text,
-                                         TextPaint p,
+                                         TextPaint paint,
                                          float avail, TruncateAt where,
                                          boolean preserveLength,
                                          EllipsizeCallback callback) {
@@ -1003,13 +1000,12 @@
 
         int len = text.length();
 
-        // Use Paint.breakText() for the non-Spanned case to avoid having
-        // to allocate memory and accumulate the character widths ourselves.
+        MeasuredText mt = MeasuredText.obtain();
+        try {
+            float width = setPara(mt, paint, text, 0, text.length(),
+                    Layout.DIR_REQUEST_DEFAULT_LTR);
 
-        if (!(text instanceof Spanned)) {
-            float wid = p.measureText(text, 0, len);
-
-            if (wid <= avail) {
+            if (width <= avail) {
                 if (callback != null) {
                     callback.ellipsized(0, 0);
                 }
@@ -1017,250 +1013,69 @@
                 return text;
             }
 
-            float ellipsiswid = p.measureText(sEllipsis);
+            // XXX assumes ellipsis string does not require shaping and
+            // is unaffected by style
+            float ellipsiswid = paint.measureText(sEllipsis);
+            avail -= ellipsiswid;
 
-            if (ellipsiswid > avail) {
-                if (callback != null) {
-                    callback.ellipsized(0, len);
-                }
-
-                if (preserveLength) {
-                    char[] buf = obtain(len);
-                    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                        buf[i] = '\uFEFF';
-                    }
-                    String ret = new String(buf, 0, len);
-                    recycle(buf);
-                    return ret;
-                } else {
-                    return "";
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (where == TruncateAt.START) {
-                int fit = p.breakText(text, 0, len, false,
-                                      avail - ellipsiswid, null);
-
-                if (callback != null) {
-                    callback.ellipsized(0, len - fit);
-                }
-
-                if (preserveLength) {
-                    return blank(text, 0, len - fit);
-                } else {
-                    return sEllipsis + text.toString().substring(len - fit, len);
-                }
+            int left = 0;
+            int right = len;
+            if (avail < 0) {
+                // it all goes
+            } else if (where == TruncateAt.START) {
+                right = len - mt.breakText(0, len, false, avail);
             } else if (where == TruncateAt.END) {
-                int fit = p.breakText(text, 0, len, true,
-                                      avail - ellipsiswid, null);
-
-                if (callback != null) {
-                    callback.ellipsized(fit, len);
-                }
-
-                if (preserveLength) {
-                    return blank(text, fit, len);
-                } else {
-                    return text.toString().substring(0, fit) + sEllipsis;
-                } 
-            } else /* where == TruncateAt.MIDDLE */ {
-                int right = p.breakText(text, 0, len, false,
-                                        (avail - ellipsiswid) / 2, null);
-                float used = p.measureText(text, len - right, len);
-                int left = p.breakText(text, 0, len - right, true,
-                                       avail - ellipsiswid - used, null);
-
-                if (callback != null) {
-                    callback.ellipsized(left, len - right);
-                }
-
-                if (preserveLength) {
-                    return blank(text, left, len - right);
-                } else {
-                    String s = text.toString();
-                    return s.substring(0, left) + sEllipsis +
-                           s.substring(len - right, len);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // But do the Spanned cases by hand, because it's such a pain
-        // to iterate the span transitions backwards and getTextWidths()
-        // will give us the information we need.
-
-        // getTextWidths() always writes into the start of the array,
-        // so measure each span into the first half and then copy the
-        // results into the second half to use later.
-
-        float[] wid = new float[len * 2];
-        TextPaint temppaint = new TextPaint();
-        Spanned sp = (Spanned) text;
-
-        int next;
-        for (int i = 0; i < len; i = next) {
-            next = sp.nextSpanTransition(i, len, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
-
-            Styled.getTextWidths(p, temppaint, sp, i, next, wid, null);
-            System.arraycopy(wid, 0, wid, len + i, next - i);
-        }
-
-        float sum = 0;
-        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-            sum += wid[len + i];
-        }
-
-        if (sum <= avail) {
-            if (callback != null) {
-                callback.ellipsized(0, 0);
-            }
-
-            return text;
-        }
-
-        float ellipsiswid = p.measureText(sEllipsis);
-
-        if (ellipsiswid > avail) {
-            if (callback != null) {
-                callback.ellipsized(0, len);
-            }
-
-            if (preserveLength) {
-                char[] buf = obtain(len);
-                for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                    buf[i] = '\uFEFF';
-                }
-                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(new String(buf, 0, len));
-                recycle(buf);
-                copySpansFrom(sp, 0, len, Object.class, ss, 0);
-                return ss;
+                left = mt.breakText(0, len, true, avail);
             } else {
-                return "";
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (where == TruncateAt.START) {
-            sum = 0;
-            int i;
-
-            for (i = len; i >= 0; i--) {
-                float w = wid[len + i - 1];
-
-                if (w + sum + ellipsiswid > avail) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                sum += w;
-            }
-
-            if (callback != null) {
-                callback.ellipsized(0, i);
-            }
-
-            if (preserveLength) {
-                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(blank(text, 0, i));
-                copySpansFrom(sp, 0, len, Object.class, ss, 0);
-                return ss;
-            } else {
-                SpannableStringBuilder out = new SpannableStringBuilder(sEllipsis);
-                out.insert(1, text, i, len);
-
-                return out;
-            }
-        } else if (where == TruncateAt.END) {
-            sum = 0;
-            int i;
-
-            for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-                float w = wid[len + i];
-
-                if (w + sum + ellipsiswid > avail) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                sum += w;
-            }
-
-            if (callback != null) {
-                callback.ellipsized(i, len);
-            }
-
-            if (preserveLength) {
-                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(blank(text, i, len));
-                copySpansFrom(sp, 0, len, Object.class, ss, 0);
-                return ss;
-            } else {
-                SpannableStringBuilder out = new SpannableStringBuilder(sEllipsis);
-                out.insert(0, text, 0, i);
-
-                return out;
-            }
-        } else /* where = TruncateAt.MIDDLE */ {
-            float lsum = 0, rsum = 0;
-            int left = 0, right = len;
-
-            float ravail = (avail - ellipsiswid) / 2;
-            for (right = len; right >= 0; right--) {
-                float w = wid[len + right - 1];
-
-                if (w + rsum > ravail) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                rsum += w;
-            }
-
-            float lavail = avail - ellipsiswid - rsum;
-            for (left = 0; left < right; left++) {
-                float w = wid[len + left];
-
-                if (w + lsum > lavail) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                lsum += w;
+                right = len - mt.breakText(0, len, false, avail / 2);
+                avail -= mt.measure(right, len);
+                left = mt.breakText(0, right, true, avail);
             }
 
             if (callback != null) {
                 callback.ellipsized(left, right);
             }
 
+            char[] buf = mt.mChars;
+            Spanned sp = text instanceof Spanned ? (Spanned) text : null;
+
+            int remaining = len - (right - left);
             if (preserveLength) {
-                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(blank(text, left, right));
+                if (remaining > 0) { // else eliminate the ellipsis too
+                    buf[left++] = '\u2026';
+                }
+                for (int i = left; i < right; i++) {
+                    buf[i] = '\uFEFF';
+                }
+                String s = new String(buf, 0, len);
+                if (sp == null) {
+                    return s;
+                }
+                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(s);
                 copySpansFrom(sp, 0, len, Object.class, ss, 0);
                 return ss;
-            } else {
-                SpannableStringBuilder out = new SpannableStringBuilder(sEllipsis);
-                out.insert(0, text, 0, left);
-                out.insert(out.length(), text, right, len);
-
-                return out;
             }
-        }
-    }
 
-    private static String blank(CharSequence source, int start, int end) {
-        int len = source.length();
-        char[] buf = obtain(len);
-
-        if (start != 0) {
-            getChars(source, 0, start, buf, 0);
-        }
-        if (end != len) {
-            getChars(source, end, len, buf, end);
-        }
-
-        if (start != end) {
-            buf[start] = '\u2026';
-
-            for (int i = start + 1; i < end; i++) {
-                buf[i] = '\uFEFF';
+            if (remaining == 0) {
+                return "";
             }
-        }
-    
-        String ret = new String(buf, 0, len);
-        recycle(buf);
 
-        return ret;
+            if (sp == null) {
+                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(remaining + sEllipsis.length());
+                sb.append(buf, 0, left);
+                sb.append(sEllipsis);
+                sb.append(buf, right, len - right);
+                return sb.toString();
+            }
+
+            SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder();
+            ssb.append(text, 0, left);
+            ssb.append(sEllipsis);
+            ssb.append(text, right, len);
+            return ssb;
+        } finally {
+            MeasuredText.recycle(mt);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1278,80 +1093,121 @@
                                               TextPaint p, float avail,
                                               String oneMore,
                                               String more) {
-        int len = text.length();
-        char[] buf = new char[len];
-        TextUtils.getChars(text, 0, len, buf, 0);
 
-        int commaCount = 0;
-        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-            if (buf[i] == ',') {
-                commaCount++;
-            }
-        }
-
-        float[] wid;
-
-        if (text instanceof Spanned) {
-            Spanned sp = (Spanned) text;
-            TextPaint temppaint = new TextPaint();
-            wid = new float[len * 2];
-
-            int next;
-            for (int i = 0; i < len; i = next) {
-                next = sp.nextSpanTransition(i, len, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
-
-                Styled.getTextWidths(p, temppaint, sp, i, next, wid, null);
-                System.arraycopy(wid, 0, wid, len + i, next - i);
+        MeasuredText mt = MeasuredText.obtain();
+        try {
+            int len = text.length();
+            float width = setPara(mt, p, text, 0, len, Layout.DIR_REQUEST_DEFAULT_LTR);
+            if (width <= avail) {
+                return text;
             }
 
-            System.arraycopy(wid, len, wid, 0, len);
-        } else {
-            wid = new float[len];
-            p.getTextWidths(text, 0, len, wid);
-        }
+            char[] buf = mt.mChars;
 
-        int ok = 0;
-        int okRemaining = commaCount + 1;
-        String okFormat = "";
-
-        int w = 0;
-        int count = 0;
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-            w += wid[i];
-
-            if (buf[i] == ',') {
-                count++;
-
-                int remaining = commaCount - count + 1;
-                float moreWid;
-                String format;
-
-                if (remaining == 1) {
-                    format = " " + oneMore;
-                } else {
-                    format = " " + String.format(more, remaining);
-                }
-
-                moreWid = p.measureText(format);
-
-                if (w + moreWid <= avail) {
-                    ok = i + 1;
-                    okRemaining = remaining;
-                    okFormat = format;
+            int commaCount = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                if (buf[i] == ',') {
+                    commaCount++;
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        if (w <= avail) {
-            return text;
-        } else {
+            int remaining = commaCount + 1;
+
+            int ok = 0;
+            int okRemaining = remaining;
+            String okFormat = "";
+
+            int w = 0;
+            int count = 0;
+            float[] widths = mt.mWidths;
+
+            int request = mt.mDir == 1 ? Layout.DIR_REQUEST_LTR :
+                Layout.DIR_REQUEST_RTL;
+
+            MeasuredText tempMt = MeasuredText.obtain();
+            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                w += widths[i];
+
+                if (buf[i] == ',') {
+                    count++;
+
+                    String format;
+                    // XXX should not insert spaces, should be part of string
+                    // XXX should use plural rules and not assume English plurals
+                    if (--remaining == 1) {
+                        format = " " + oneMore;
+                    } else {
+                        format = " " + String.format(more, remaining);
+                    }
+
+                    // XXX this is probably ok, but need to look at it more
+                    tempMt.setPara(format, 0, format.length(), request);
+                    float moreWid = mt.addStyleRun(p, mt.mLen, null);
+
+                    if (w + moreWid <= avail) {
+                        ok = i + 1;
+                        okRemaining = remaining;
+                        okFormat = format;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            MeasuredText.recycle(tempMt);
+
             SpannableStringBuilder out = new SpannableStringBuilder(okFormat);
             out.insert(0, text, 0, ok);
             return out;
+        } finally {
+            MeasuredText.recycle(mt);
         }
     }
 
+    private static float setPara(MeasuredText mt, TextPaint paint,
+            CharSequence text, int start, int end, int bidiRequest) {
+
+        mt.setPara(text, start, end, bidiRequest);
+
+        float width;
+        Spanned sp = text instanceof Spanned ? (Spanned) text : null;
+        int len = end - start;
+        if (sp == null) {
+            width = mt.addStyleRun(paint, len, null);
+        } else {
+            width = 0;
+            int spanEnd;
+            for (int spanStart = 0; spanStart < len; spanStart = spanEnd) {
+                spanEnd = sp.nextSpanTransition(spanStart, len,
+                        MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+                MetricAffectingSpan[] spans = sp.getSpans(
+                        spanStart, spanEnd, MetricAffectingSpan.class);
+                width += mt.addStyleRun(paint, spans, spanEnd - spanStart, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return width;
+    }
+
+    private static final char FIRST_RIGHT_TO_LEFT = '\u0590';
+
+    /* package */
+    static boolean doesNotNeedBidi(CharSequence s, int start, int end) {
+        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
+            if (s.charAt(i) >= FIRST_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /* package */
+    static boolean doesNotNeedBidi(char[] text, int start, int len) {
+        for (int i = start, e = i + len; i < e; i++) {
+            if (text[i] >= FIRST_RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /* package */ static char[] obtain(int len) {
         char[] buf;
 
@@ -1529,7 +1385,7 @@
      */
     public static final int CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS
             = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_CHARACTERS;
-    
+
     /**
      * Capitalization mode for {@link #getCapsMode}: capitalize the first
      * character of all words.  This value is explicitly defined to be the same as
@@ -1537,7 +1393,7 @@
      */
     public static final int CAP_MODE_WORDS
             = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_WORDS;
-    
+
     /**
      * Capitalization mode for {@link #getCapsMode}: capitalize the first
      * character of each sentence.  This value is explicitly defined to be the same as
@@ -1545,13 +1401,13 @@
      */
     public static final int CAP_MODE_SENTENCES
             = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_SENTENCES;
-    
+
     /**
      * Determine what caps mode should be in effect at the current offset in
      * the text.  Only the mode bits set in <var>reqModes</var> will be
      * checked.  Note that the caps mode flags here are explicitly defined
      * to match those in {@link InputType}.
-     * 
+     *
      * @param cs The text that should be checked for caps modes.
      * @param off Location in the text at which to check.
      * @param reqModes The modes to be checked: may be any combination of
@@ -1651,7 +1507,7 @@
 
         return mode;
     }
-    
+
     private static Object sLock = new Object();
     private static char[] sTemp = null;
 }
diff --git a/icu4j/java/android/icu/text/ArabicShaping.java b/icu4j/java/android/icu/text/ArabicShaping.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13e2175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/icu4j/java/android/icu/text/ArabicShaping.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1947 @@
+/*
+*******************************************************************************
+*   Copyright (C) 2001-2009, International Business Machines
+*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+*******************************************************************************
+*/
+
+/*
+ * Ported with minor modifications from ICU4J 4.2's
+ * com.ibm.icu.text.ArabicShaping class.
+ */
+
+package android.icu.text;
+
+
+/**
+ * Shape Arabic text on a character basis.
+ *
+ * <p>ArabicShaping performs basic operations for "shaping" Arabic text. It is most
+ * useful for use with legacy data formats and legacy display technology
+ * (simple terminals). All operations are performed on Unicode characters.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Text-based shaping means that some character code points in the text are
+ * replaced by others depending on the context. It transforms one kind of text
+ * into another. In comparison, modern displays for Arabic text select
+ * appropriate, context-dependent font glyphs for each text element, which means
+ * that they transform text into a glyph vector.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Text transformations are necessary when modern display technology is not
+ * available or when text needs to be transformed to or from legacy formats that
+ * use "shaped" characters. Since the Arabic script is cursive, connecting
+ * adjacent letters to each other, computers select images for each letter based
+ * on the surrounding letters. This usually results in four images per Arabic
+ * letter: initial, middle, final, and isolated forms. In Unicode, on the other
+ * hand, letters are normally stored abstract, and a display system is expected
+ * to select the necessary glyphs. (This makes searching and other text
+ * processing easier because the same letter has only one code.) It is possible
+ * to mimic this with text transformations because there are characters in
+ * Unicode that are rendered as letters with a specific shape
+ * (or cursive connectivity). They were included for interoperability with
+ * legacy systems and codepages, and for unsophisticated display systems.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>A second kind of text transformations is supported for Arabic digits:
+ * For compatibility with legacy codepages that only include European digits,
+ * it is possible to replace one set of digits by another, changing the
+ * character code points. These operations can be performed for either
+ * Arabic-Indic Digits (U+0660...U+0669) or Eastern (Extended) Arabic-Indic
+ * digits (U+06f0...U+06f9).</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Some replacements may result in more or fewer characters (code points).
+ * By default, this means that the destination buffer may receive text with a
+ * length different from the source length. Some legacy systems rely on the
+ * length of the text to be constant. They expect extra spaces to be added
+ * or consumed either next to the affected character or at the end of the
+ * text.</p>
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class ArabicShaping {
+    private final int options;
+    private boolean isLogical; // convenience
+    private boolean spacesRelativeToTextBeginEnd;
+    private char tailChar;
+
+    public static final ArabicShaping SHAPER = new ArabicShaping(
+            ArabicShaping.TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL |
+            ArabicShaping.LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_NEAR |
+            ArabicShaping.LETTERS_SHAPE |
+            ArabicShaping.DIGITS_NOOP);
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a range of text in the source array, putting the result
+     * into a range of text in the destination array, and return the number
+     * of characters written.
+     *
+     * @param source An array containing the input text
+     * @param sourceStart The start of the range of text to convert
+     * @param sourceLength The length of the range of text to convert
+     * @param dest The destination array that will receive the result.
+     *   It may be <code>NULL</code> only if  <code>destSize</code> is 0.
+     * @param destStart The start of the range of the destination buffer to use.
+     * @param destSize The size (capacity) of the destination buffer.
+     *   If <code>destSize</code> is 0, then no output is produced,
+     *   but the necessary buffer size is returned ("preflighting").  This
+     *   does not validate the text against the options, for example,
+     *   if letters are being unshaped, and spaces are being consumed
+     *   following lamalef, this will not detect a lamalef without a
+     *   corresponding space.  An error will be thrown when the actual
+     *   conversion is attempted.
+     * @return The number of chars written to the destination buffer.
+     *   If an error occurs, then no output was written, or it may be
+     *   incomplete.
+     * @throws ArabicShapingException if the text cannot be converted according to the options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public int shape(char[] source, int sourceStart, int sourceLength,
+                     char[] dest, int destStart, int destSize) throws ArabicShapingException {
+        if (source == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("source can not be null");
+        }
+        if (sourceStart < 0 || sourceLength < 0 || sourceStart + sourceLength > source.length) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bad source start (" + sourceStart +
+                                               ") or length (" + sourceLength +
+                                               ") for buffer of length " + source.length);
+        }
+        if (dest == null && destSize != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("null dest requires destSize == 0");
+        }
+        if ((destSize != 0) &&
+            (destStart < 0 || destSize < 0 || destStart + destSize > dest.length)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bad dest start (" + destStart +
+                                               ") or size (" + destSize +
+                                               ") for buffer of length " + dest.length);
+        }
+        /* Validate input options */
+        if ( ((options&TASHKEEL_MASK) > 0) &&
+             !(((options & TASHKEEL_MASK)==TASHKEEL_BEGIN)  ||
+               ((options & TASHKEEL_MASK)==TASHKEEL_END )   ||
+               ((options & TASHKEEL_MASK)==TASHKEEL_RESIZE )||
+               ((options & TASHKEEL_MASK)==TASHKEEL_REPLACE_BY_TATWEEL)) ){
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong Tashkeel argument");
+        }
+
+       ///CLOVER:OFF
+       //According to Steven Loomis, the code is unreachable when you OR all the constants within the if statements
+       if(((options&LAMALEF_MASK) > 0)&&
+              !(((options & LAMALEF_MASK)==LAMALEF_BEGIN)  ||
+                ((options & LAMALEF_MASK)==LAMALEF_END )   ||
+                ((options & LAMALEF_MASK)==LAMALEF_RESIZE )||
+                 ((options & LAMALEF_MASK)==LAMALEF_AUTO)  ||
+                 ((options & LAMALEF_MASK)==LAMALEF_NEAR))){
+           throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong Lam Alef argument");
+       }
+       ///CLOVER:ON
+
+       /* Validate Tashkeel (Tashkeel replacement options should be enabled in shaping mode only)*/
+       if(((options&TASHKEEL_MASK) > 0) && (options&LETTERS_MASK) == LETTERS_UNSHAPE) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Tashkeel replacement should not be enabled in deshaping mode ");
+       }
+       return internalShape(source, sourceStart, sourceLength, dest, destStart, destSize);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a range of text in place.  This may only be used if the Length option
+     * does not grow or shrink the text.
+     *
+     * @param source An array containing the input text
+     * @param start The start of the range of text to convert
+     * @param length The length of the range of text to convert
+     * @throws ArabicShapingException if the text cannot be converted according to the options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public void shape(char[] source, int start, int length) throws ArabicShapingException {
+        if ((options & LAMALEF_MASK) == LAMALEF_RESIZE) {
+            throw new ArabicShapingException("Cannot shape in place with length option resize.");
+        }
+        shape(source, start, length, source, start, length);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a string, returning the new string.
+     *
+     * @param text the string to convert
+     * @return the converted string
+     * @throws ArabicShapingException if the string cannot be converted according to the options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public String shape(String text) throws ArabicShapingException {
+        char[] src = text.toCharArray();
+        char[] dest = src;
+        if (((options & LAMALEF_MASK) == LAMALEF_RESIZE) &&
+            ((options & LETTERS_MASK) == LETTERS_UNSHAPE)) {
+
+            dest = new char[src.length * 2]; // max
+        }
+        int len = shape(src, 0, src.length, dest, 0, dest.length);
+
+        return new String(dest, 0, len);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct ArabicShaping using the options flags.
+     * The flags are as follows:<br>
+     * 'LENGTH' flags control whether the text can change size, and if not,
+     * how to maintain the size of the text when LamAlef ligatures are
+     * formed or broken.<br>
+     * 'TEXT_DIRECTION' flags control whether the text is read and written
+     * in visual order or in logical order.<br>
+     * 'LETTERS_SHAPE' flags control whether conversion is to or from
+     * presentation forms.<br>
+     * 'DIGITS' flags control whether digits are shaped, and whether from
+     * European to Arabic-Indic or vice-versa.<br>
+     * 'DIGIT_TYPE' flags control whether standard or extended Arabic-Indic
+     * digits are used when performing digit conversion.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public ArabicShaping(int options) {
+        this.options = options;
+        if ((options & DIGITS_MASK) > 0x80) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bad DIGITS options");
+        }
+
+        isLogical = ( (options & TEXT_DIRECTION_MASK) == TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL );
+        /* Validate options */
+        spacesRelativeToTextBeginEnd = ( (options & SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_MASK) == SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END );
+        if ( (options&SHAPE_TAIL_TYPE_MASK) == SHAPE_TAIL_NEW_UNICODE){
+            tailChar = NEW_TAIL_CHAR;
+        } else {
+            tailChar = OLD_TAIL_CHAR;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Seen Tail options */
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping mode: The SEEN family character will expand into two characters using space near
+     *               the SEEN family character(i.e. the space after the character).
+     *               if there are no spaces found, ArabicShapingException will be thrown
+     *
+     * De-shaping mode: Any Seen character followed by Tail character will be
+     *                  replaced by one cell Seen and a space will replace the Tail.
+     * Affects: Seen options
+     */
+    public static final int SEEN_TWOCELL_NEAR = 0x200000;
+
+    /** Bit mask for Seen memory options. */
+    public static final int SEEN_MASK = 0x700000;
+
+    /* YehHamza options */
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping mode: The YEHHAMZA character will expand into two characters using space near it
+     *              (i.e. the space after the character)
+     *               if there are no spaces found, ArabicShapingException will be thrown
+     *
+     * De-shaping mode: Any Yeh (final or isolated) character followed by Hamza character will be
+     *                  replaced by one cell YehHamza and space will replace the Hamza.
+     * Affects: YehHamza options
+     */
+    public static final int YEHHAMZA_TWOCELL_NEAR  = 0x1000000;
+
+
+    /** Bit mask for YehHamza memory options. */
+    public static final int YEHHAMZA_MASK = 0x3800000;
+
+    /* New Tashkeel options */
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping mode: Tashkeel characters will be replaced by spaces.
+     *               Spaces will be placed at beginning of the buffer
+     *
+     * De-shaping mode: N/A
+     * Affects: Tashkeel options
+     */
+    public static final int TASHKEEL_BEGIN = 0x40000;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping mode: Tashkeel characters will be replaced by spaces.
+     *               Spaces will be placed at end of the buffer
+     *
+     * De-shaping mode: N/A
+     * Affects: Tashkeel options
+     */
+    public static final int TASHKEEL_END = 0x60000;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: allow the result to have a different length than the source.
+     * Shaping mode: Tashkeel characters will be removed, buffer length will shrink.
+     * De-shaping mode: N/A
+     *
+     * Affects: Tashkeel options
+     */
+    public static final int TASHKEEL_RESIZE = 0x80000;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping mode: Tashkeel characters will be replaced by Tatweel if it is connected to adjacent
+     *               characters (i.e. shaped on Tatweel) or replaced by space if it is not connected.
+     *
+     * De-shaping mode: N/A
+     * Affects: YehHamza options
+     */
+    public static final int TASHKEEL_REPLACE_BY_TATWEEL = 0xC0000;
+
+    /** Bit mask for Tashkeel replacement with Space or Tatweel memory options. */
+    public static final int TASHKEEL_MASK  = 0xE0000;
+
+    /* Space location Control options */
+    /**
+     * This option effects the meaning of BEGIN and END options. if this option is not used the default
+     * for BEGIN and END will be as following:
+     * The Default (for both Visual LTR, Visual RTL and Logical Text)
+     *           1. BEGIN always refers to the start address of physical memory.
+     *           2. END always refers to the end address of physical memory.
+     *
+     * If this option is used it will swap the meaning of BEGIN and END only for Visual LTR text.
+     *
+     * The affect on BEGIN and END Memory Options will be as following:
+     *    A. BEGIN For Visual LTR text: This will be the beginning (right side) of the visual text
+     *       (corresponding to the physical memory address end, same as END in default behavior)
+     *    B. BEGIN For Logical text: Same as BEGIN in default behavior.
+     *    C. END For Visual LTR text: This will be the end (left side) of the visual text. (corresponding to
+     *      the physical memory address beginning, same as BEGIN in default behavior)
+     *    D. END For Logical text: Same as END in default behavior.
+     * Affects: All LamAlef BEGIN, END and AUTO options.
+     */
+    public static final int SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END = 0x4000000;
+
+    /** Bit mask for swapping BEGIN and END for Visual LTR text */
+    public static final int SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_MASK = 0x4000000;
+
+    /**
+     * If this option is used, shaping will use the new Unicode code point for TAIL (i.e. 0xFE73).
+     * If this option is not specified (Default), old unofficial Unicode TAIL code point is used (i.e. 0x200B)
+     * De-shaping will not use this option as it will always search for both the new Unicode code point for the
+     * TAIL (i.e. 0xFE73) or the old unofficial Unicode TAIL code point (i.e. 0x200B) and de-shape the
+     * Seen-Family letter accordingly.
+     *
+     * Shaping Mode: Only shaping.
+     * De-shaping Mode: N/A.
+     * Affects: All Seen options
+     */
+    public static final int SHAPE_TAIL_NEW_UNICODE = 0x8000000;
+
+    /** Bit mask for new Unicode Tail option */
+    public static final int SHAPE_TAIL_TYPE_MASK = 0x8000000;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: allow the result to have a different length than the source.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LENGTH_GROW_SHRINK = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: allow the result to have a different length than the source.
+     * Affects: LamAlef options
+     * This option is an alias to LENGTH_GROW_SHRINK
+     */
+    public static final int LAMALEF_RESIZE   = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces next to modified characters.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_NEAR = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces next to modified characters.
+     * Affects: LamAlef options
+     * This option is an alias to LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_NEAR
+     */
+    public static final int LAMALEF_NEAR = 1 ;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces at the end of the text.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_AT_END = 2;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces at the end of the text.
+     * Affects: LamAlef options
+     * This option is an alias to LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_AT_END
+     */
+    public static final int LAMALEF_END = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces at the beginning of the text.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_AT_BEGINNING = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * If more room is necessary, then try to consume spaces at the beginning of the text.
+     * Affects: LamAlef options
+     * This option is an alias to LENGTH_FIXED_SPACES_AT_BEGINNING
+     */
+    public static final int LAMALEF_BEGIN = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Memory option: the result must have the same length as the source.
+     * Shaping Mode: For each LAMALEF character found, expand LAMALEF using space at end.
+     *               If there is no space at end, use spaces at beginning of the buffer. If there
+     *               is no space at beginning of the buffer, use spaces at the near (i.e. the space
+     *               after the LAMALEF character).
+     *
+     * Deshaping Mode: Perform the same function as the flag equals LAMALEF_END.
+     * Affects: LamAlef options
+     */
+    public static final int LAMALEF_AUTO  = 0x10000;
+
+    /**
+     * Bit mask for memory options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LENGTH_MASK = 0x10003;
+
+    /** Bit mask for LamAlef memory options. */
+
+    public static final int LAMALEF_MASK  = 0x10003;
+
+    /**
+     * Direction indicator: the source is in logical (keyboard) order.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Direction indicator:the source is in visual RTL order,
+     * the rightmost displayed character stored first.
+     * This option is an alias to U_SHAPE_TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL
+     */
+    public static final int TEXT_DIRECTION_VISUAL_RTL = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Direction indicator: the source is in visual (display) order, that is,
+     * the leftmost displayed character is stored first.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int TEXT_DIRECTION_VISUAL_LTR = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * Bit mask for direction indicators.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int TEXT_DIRECTION_MASK = 4;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Letter shaping option: do not perform letter shaping.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LETTERS_NOOP = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Letter shaping option: replace normative letter characters in the U+0600 (Arabic) block,
+     * by shaped ones in the U+FE70 (Presentation Forms B) block. Performs Lam-Alef ligature
+     * substitution.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LETTERS_SHAPE = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * Letter shaping option: replace shaped letter characters in the U+FE70 (Presentation Forms B) block
+     * by normative ones in the U+0600 (Arabic) block.  Converts Lam-Alef ligatures to pairs of Lam and
+     * Alef characters, consuming spaces if required.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LETTERS_UNSHAPE = 0x10;
+
+    /**
+     * Letter shaping option: replace normative letter characters in the U+0600 (Arabic) block,
+     * except for the TASHKEEL characters at U+064B...U+0652, by shaped ones in the U+Fe70
+     * (Presentation Forms B) block.  The TASHKEEL characters will always be converted to
+     * the isolated forms rather than to their correct shape.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LETTERS_SHAPE_TASHKEEL_ISOLATED = 0x18;
+
+    /**
+     * Bit mask for letter shaping options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int LETTERS_MASK = 0x18;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Digit shaping option: do not perform digit shaping.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_NOOP = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit shaping option: Replace European digits (U+0030...U+0039) by Arabic-Indic digits.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_EN2AN = 0x20;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit shaping option: Replace Arabic-Indic digits by European digits (U+0030...U+0039).
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_AN2EN = 0x40;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit shaping option:
+     * Replace European digits (U+0030...U+0039) by Arabic-Indic digits
+     * if the most recent strongly directional character
+     * is an Arabic letter (its Bidi direction value is RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC).
+     * The initial state at the start of the text is assumed to be not an Arabic,
+     * letter, so European digits at the start of the text will not change.
+     * Compare to DIGITS_ALEN2AN_INIT_AL.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_LR = 0x60;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit shaping option:
+     * Replace European digits (U+0030...U+0039) by Arabic-Indic digits
+     * if the most recent strongly directional character
+     * is an Arabic letter (its Bidi direction value is RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC).
+     * The initial state at the start of the text is assumed to be an Arabic,
+     * letter, so European digits at the start of the text will change.
+     * Compare to DIGITS_ALEN2AN_INT_LR.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_AL = 0x80;
+
+    /** Not a valid option value. */
+    //private static final int DIGITS_RESERVED = 0xa0;
+
+    /**
+     * Bit mask for digit shaping options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGITS_MASK = 0xe0;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit type option: Use Arabic-Indic digits (U+0660...U+0669).
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGIT_TYPE_AN = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Digit type option: Use Eastern (Extended) Arabic-Indic digits (U+06f0...U+06f9).
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGIT_TYPE_AN_EXTENDED = 0x100;
+
+    /**
+     * Bit mask for digit type options.
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public static final int DIGIT_TYPE_MASK = 0x0100; // 0x3f00?
+
+    /**
+     * some constants
+     */
+    private static final char HAMZAFE_CHAR       = '\ufe80';
+    private static final char HAMZA06_CHAR       = '\u0621';
+    private static final char YEH_HAMZA_CHAR     = '\u0626';
+    private static final char YEH_HAMZAFE_CHAR   = '\uFE89';
+    private static final char LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB  = '\uffff';
+    private static final char TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB = '\ufffe';
+    private static final char LAM_CHAR      = '\u0644';
+    private static final char SPACE_CHAR    = '\u0020';
+    private static final char SPACE_CHAR_FOR_LAMALEF = '\ufeff'; // XXX: tweak for TextLine use
+    private static final char SHADDA_CHAR   = '\uFE7C';
+    private static final char TATWEEL_CHAR  = '\u0640';
+    private static final char SHADDA_TATWEEL_CHAR = '\uFE7D';
+    private static final char NEW_TAIL_CHAR = '\uFE73';
+    private static final char OLD_TAIL_CHAR = '\u200B';
+    private static final int SHAPE_MODE      = 0;
+    private static final int DESHAPE_MODE    = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public boolean equals(Object rhs) {
+        return rhs != null &&
+            rhs.getClass() == ArabicShaping.class &&
+            options == ((ArabicShaping)rhs).options;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+     ///CLOVER:OFF
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return options;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @stable ICU 2.0
+     */
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(super.toString());
+        buf.append('[');
+
+        switch (options & LAMALEF_MASK) {
+        case LAMALEF_RESIZE: buf.append("LamAlef resize"); break;
+        case LAMALEF_NEAR: buf.append("LamAlef spaces at near"); break;
+        case LAMALEF_BEGIN: buf.append("LamAlef spaces at begin"); break;
+        case LAMALEF_END: buf.append("LamAlef spaces at end"); break;
+        case LAMALEF_AUTO: buf.append("lamAlef auto"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & TEXT_DIRECTION_MASK) {
+        case TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL: buf.append(", logical"); break;
+        case TEXT_DIRECTION_VISUAL_LTR: buf.append(", visual"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & LETTERS_MASK) {
+        case LETTERS_NOOP: buf.append(", no letter shaping"); break;
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE: buf.append(", shape letters"); break;
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE_TASHKEEL_ISOLATED: buf.append(", shape letters tashkeel isolated"); break;
+        case LETTERS_UNSHAPE: buf.append(", unshape letters"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & SEEN_MASK) {
+        case SEEN_TWOCELL_NEAR: buf.append(", Seen at near"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & YEHHAMZA_MASK) {
+        case YEHHAMZA_TWOCELL_NEAR: buf.append(", Yeh Hamza at near"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & TASHKEEL_MASK) {
+        case TASHKEEL_BEGIN: buf.append(", Tashkeel at begin"); break;
+        case TASHKEEL_END: buf.append(", Tashkeel at end"); break;
+        case TASHKEEL_REPLACE_BY_TATWEEL: buf.append(", Tashkeel replace with tatweel"); break;
+        case TASHKEEL_RESIZE: buf.append(", Tashkeel resize"); break;
+        }
+
+        switch (options & DIGITS_MASK) {
+        case DIGITS_NOOP: buf.append(", no digit shaping"); break;
+        case DIGITS_EN2AN: buf.append(", shape digits to AN"); break;
+        case DIGITS_AN2EN: buf.append(", shape digits to EN"); break;
+        case DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_LR: buf.append(", shape digits to AN contextually: default EN"); break;
+        case DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_AL: buf.append(", shape digits to AN contextually: default AL"); break;
+        }
+        switch (options & DIGIT_TYPE_MASK) {
+        case DIGIT_TYPE_AN: buf.append(", standard Arabic-Indic digits"); break;
+        case DIGIT_TYPE_AN_EXTENDED: buf.append(", extended Arabic-Indic digits"); break;
+        }
+        buf.append("]");
+
+        return buf.toString();
+    }
+    ///CLOVER:ON
+
+    //
+    // ported api
+    //
+
+    private static final int IRRELEVANT = 4;
+    private static final int LAMTYPE = 16;
+    private static final int ALEFTYPE = 32;
+
+    private static final int LINKR = 1;
+    private static final int LINKL = 2;
+    private static final int LINK_MASK = 3;
+
+    private static final int irrelevantPos[] = {
+        0x0, 0x2, 0x4, 0x6, 0x8, 0xA, 0xC, 0xE
+    };
+
+/*
+    private static final char convertLamAlef[] =  {
+        '\u0622', // FEF5
+        '\u0622', // FEF6
+        '\u0623', // FEF7
+        '\u0623', // FEF8
+        '\u0625', // FEF9
+        '\u0625', // FEFA
+        '\u0627', // FEFB
+        '\u0627'  // FEFC
+    };
+*/
+
+    private static final int tailFamilyIsolatedFinal[] = {
+        /* FEB1 */ 1,
+        /* FEB2 */ 1,
+        /* FEB3 */ 0,
+        /* FEB4 */ 0,
+        /* FEB5 */ 1,
+        /* FEB6 */ 1,
+        /* FEB7 */ 0,
+        /* FEB8 */ 0,
+        /* FEB9 */ 1,
+        /* FEBA */ 1,
+        /* FEBB */ 0,
+        /* FEBC */ 0,
+        /* FEBD */ 1,
+        /* FEBE */ 1
+    };
+
+    private static final int tashkeelMedial[] = {
+        /* FE70 */ 0,
+        /* FE71 */ 1,
+        /* FE72 */ 0,
+        /* FE73 */ 0,
+        /* FE74 */ 0,
+        /* FE75 */ 0,
+        /* FE76 */ 0,
+        /* FE77 */ 1,
+        /* FE78 */ 0,
+        /* FE79 */ 1,
+        /* FE7A */ 0,
+        /* FE7B */ 1,
+        /* FE7C */ 0,
+        /* FE7D */ 1,
+        /* FE7E */ 0,
+        /* FE7F */ 1
+    };
+
+    private static final char yehHamzaToYeh[] =
+    {
+    /* isolated*/ 0xFEEF,
+    /* final   */ 0xFEF0
+    };
+
+    private static final char convertNormalizedLamAlef[] = {
+        '\u0622', // 065C
+        '\u0623', // 065D
+        '\u0625', // 065E
+        '\u0627', // 065F
+    };
+
+    private static final int[] araLink = {
+        1           + 32 + 256 * 0x11,  /*0x0622*/
+        1           + 32 + 256 * 0x13,  /*0x0623*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x15,  /*0x0624*/
+        1           + 32 + 256 * 0x17,  /*0x0625*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x19,  /*0x0626*/
+        1           + 32 + 256 * 0x1D,  /*0x0627*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x1F,  /*0x0628*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x23,  /*0x0629*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x25,  /*0x062A*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x29,  /*0x062B*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x2D,  /*0x062C*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x31,  /*0x062D*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x35,  /*0x062E*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x39,  /*0x062F*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x3B,  /*0x0630*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x3D,  /*0x0631*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x3F,  /*0x0632*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x41,  /*0x0633*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x45,  /*0x0634*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x49,  /*0x0635*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x4D,  /*0x0636*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x51,  /*0x0637*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x55,  /*0x0638*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x59,  /*0x0639*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x5D,  /*0x063A*/
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0,                  /*0x063B-0x063F*/
+        1 + 2,                          /*0x0640*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x61,  /*0x0641*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x65,  /*0x0642*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x69,  /*0x0643*/
+        1 + 2       + 16 + 256 * 0x6D,  /*0x0644*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x71,  /*0x0645*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x75,  /*0x0646*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x79,  /*0x0647*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x7D,  /*0x0648*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x7F,  /*0x0649*/
+        1 + 2            + 256 * 0x81,  /*0x064A*/
+        4, 4, 4, 4,                     /*0x064B-0x064E*/
+        4, 4, 4, 4,                     /*0x064F-0x0652*/
+        4, 4, 4, 0, 0,                  /*0x0653-0x0657*/
+        0, 0, 0, 0,                     /*0x0658-0x065B*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x85,  /*0x065C*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x87,  /*0x065D*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x89,  /*0x065E*/
+        1                + 256 * 0x8B,  /*0x065F*/
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0,                  /*0x0660-0x0664*/
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0,                  /*0x0665-0x0669*/
+        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,               /*0x066A-0x066F*/
+        4,                              /*0x0670*/
+        0,                              /*0x0671*/
+        1           + 32,               /*0x0672*/
+        1           + 32,               /*0x0673*/
+        0,                              /*0x0674*/
+        1           + 32,               /*0x0675*/
+        1, 1,                           /*0x0676-0x0677*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x0678-0x067D*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x067E-0x0683*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,             /*0x0684-0x0687*/
+        1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   /*0x0688-0x0691*/
+        1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,         /*0x0692-0x0699*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x069A-0x06A3*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,             /*0x069A-0x06A3*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x06A4-0x06AD*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,             /*0x06A4-0x06AD*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x06AE-0x06B7*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,             /*0x06AE-0x06B7*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,   /*0x06B8-0x06BF*/
+        1+2, 1+2,                       /*0x06B8-0x06BF*/
+        1,                              /*0x06C0*/
+        1+2,                            /*0x06C1*/
+        1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,   /*0x06C2-0x06CB*/
+        1+2,                            /*0x06CC*/
+        1,                              /*0x06CD*/
+        1+2, 1+2, 1+2, 1+2,             /*0x06CE-0x06D1*/
+        1, 1                            /*0x06D2-0x06D3*/
+    };
+
+    private static final int[] presLink = {
+        1 + 2,                        /*0xFE70*/
+        1 + 2,                        /*0xFE71*/
+        1 + 2, 0, 1+ 2, 0, 1+ 2,      /*0xFE72-0xFE76*/
+        1 + 2,                        /*0xFE77*/
+        1+ 2, 1 + 2, 1+2, 1 + 2,      /*0xFE78-0xFE81*/
+        1+ 2, 1 + 2, 1+2, 1 + 2,      /*0xFE82-0xFE85*/
+        0, 0 + 32, 1 + 32, 0 + 32,    /*0xFE86-0xFE89*/
+        1 + 32, 0, 1,  0 + 32,        /*0xFE8A-0xFE8D*/
+        1 + 32, 0, 2,  1 + 2,         /*0xFE8E-0xFE91*/
+        1, 0 + 32, 1 + 32, 0,         /*0xFE92-0xFE95*/
+        2, 1 + 2, 1, 0,               /*0xFE96-0xFE99*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1 + 2,               /*0xFE9A-0xFE9D*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1 + 2,               /*0xFE9E-0xFEA1*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1 + 2,               /*0xFEA2-0xFEA5*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1 + 2,               /*0xFEA6-0xFEA9*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1 + 2,               /*0xFEAA-0xFEAD*/
+        1, 0, 1, 0,                   /*0xFEAE-0xFEB1*/
+        1, 0, 1, 0,                   /*0xFEB2-0xFEB5*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEB6-0xFEB9*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEBA-0xFEBD*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEBE-0xFEC1*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEC2-0xFEC5*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEC6-0xFEC9*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFECA-0xFECD*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFECE-0xFED1*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFED2-0xFED5*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFED6-0xFED9*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEDA-0xFEDD*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEDE-0xFEE1*/
+        1, 0 + 16, 2 + 16, 1 + 2 +16, /*0xFEE2-0xFEE5*/
+        1 + 16, 0, 2, 1+2,            /*0xFEE6-0xFEE9*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEEA-0xFEED*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEEE-0xFEF1*/
+        1, 0, 1, 0,                   /*0xFEF2-0xFEF5*/
+        1, 0, 2, 1+2,                 /*0xFEF6-0xFEF9*/
+        1, 0, 1, 0,                   /*0xFEFA-0xFEFD*/
+        1, 0, 1, 0,
+        1
+    };
+
+    private static int[] convertFEto06 = {
+        /***********0******1******2******3******4******5******6******7******8******9******A******B******C******D******E******F***/
+        /*FE7*/   0x64B, 0x64B, 0x64C, 0x64C, 0x64D, 0x64D, 0x64E, 0x64E, 0x64F, 0x64F, 0x650, 0x650, 0x651, 0x651, 0x652, 0x652,
+        /*FE8*/   0x621, 0x622, 0x622, 0x623, 0x623, 0x624, 0x624, 0x625, 0x625, 0x626, 0x626, 0x626, 0x626, 0x627, 0x627, 0x628,
+        /*FE9*/   0x628, 0x628, 0x628, 0x629, 0x629, 0x62A, 0x62A, 0x62A, 0x62A, 0x62B, 0x62B, 0x62B, 0x62B, 0x62C, 0x62C, 0x62C,
+        /*FEA*/   0x62C, 0x62D, 0x62D, 0x62D, 0x62D, 0x62E, 0x62E, 0x62E, 0x62E, 0x62F, 0x62F, 0x630, 0x630, 0x631, 0x631, 0x632,
+        /*FEB*/   0x632, 0x633, 0x633, 0x633, 0x633, 0x634, 0x634, 0x634, 0x634, 0x635, 0x635, 0x635, 0x635, 0x636, 0x636, 0x636,
+        /*FEC*/   0x636, 0x637, 0x637, 0x637, 0x637, 0x638, 0x638, 0x638, 0x638, 0x639, 0x639, 0x639, 0x639, 0x63A, 0x63A, 0x63A,
+        /*FED*/   0x63A, 0x641, 0x641, 0x641, 0x641, 0x642, 0x642, 0x642, 0x642, 0x643, 0x643, 0x643, 0x643, 0x644, 0x644, 0x644,
+        /*FEE*/   0x644, 0x645, 0x645, 0x645, 0x645, 0x646, 0x646, 0x646, 0x646, 0x647, 0x647, 0x647, 0x647, 0x648, 0x648, 0x649,
+        /*FEF*/   0x649, 0x64A, 0x64A, 0x64A, 0x64A, 0x65C, 0x65C, 0x65D, 0x65D, 0x65E, 0x65E, 0x65F, 0x65F
+    };
+
+    private static final int shapeTable[][][] = {
+        { {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,1,0,3}, {0,1,0,1} },
+        { {0,0,2,2}, {0,0,1,2}, {0,1,1,2}, {0,1,1,3} },
+        { {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,1,0,3}, {0,1,0,3} },
+        { {0,0,1,2}, {0,0,1,2}, {0,1,1,2}, {0,1,1,3} }
+    };
+
+    /*
+     * This function shapes European digits to Arabic-Indic digits
+     * in-place, writing over the input characters.  Data is in visual
+     * order.
+     */
+    private void shapeToArabicDigitsWithContext(char[] dest,
+                                                int start,
+                                                int length,
+                                                char digitBase,
+                                                boolean lastStrongWasAL) {
+        digitBase -= '0'; // move common adjustment out of loop
+
+        for(int i = start + length; --i >= start;) {
+            char ch = dest[i];
+            switch (Character.getDirectionality(ch)) {
+            case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT:
+            case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT:
+                lastStrongWasAL = false;
+                break;
+            case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT_ARABIC:
+                lastStrongWasAL = true;
+                break;
+            case Character.DIRECTIONALITY_EUROPEAN_NUMBER:
+                if (lastStrongWasAL && ch <= '\u0039') {
+                    dest[i] = (char)(ch + digitBase);
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : invertBuffer
+     * Function: This function inverts the buffer, it's used
+     *           in case the user specifies the buffer to be
+     *           TEXT_DIRECTION_LOGICAL
+     */
+    private static void invertBuffer(char[] buffer,
+                                     int start,
+                                     int length) {
+
+        for(int i = start, j = start + length - 1; i < j; i++, --j) {
+            char temp = buffer[i];
+            buffer[i] = buffer[j];
+            buffer[j] = temp;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : changeLamAlef
+     * Function: Converts the Alef characters into an equivalent
+     *           LamAlef location in the 0x06xx Range, this is an
+     *           intermediate stage in the operation of the program
+     *           later it'll be converted into the 0xFExx LamAlefs
+     *           in the shaping function.
+     */
+    private static char changeLamAlef(char ch) {
+        switch(ch) {
+        case '\u0622': return '\u065C';
+        case '\u0623': return '\u065D';
+        case '\u0625': return '\u065E';
+        case '\u0627': return '\u065F';
+        default:  return '\u0000'; // not a lamalef
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : specialChar
+     * Function: Special Arabic characters need special handling in the shapeUnicode
+     *           function, this function returns 1 or 2 for these special characters
+     */
+    private static int specialChar(char ch) {
+        if ((ch > '\u0621' && ch < '\u0626') ||
+            (ch == '\u0627') ||
+            (ch > '\u062E' && ch < '\u0633') ||
+            (ch > '\u0647' && ch < '\u064A') ||
+            (ch == '\u0629')) {
+            return 1;
+        } else if (ch >= '\u064B' && ch<= '\u0652') {
+            return 2;
+        } else if (ch >= 0x0653 && ch <= 0x0655 ||
+                   ch == 0x0670 ||
+                   ch >= 0xFE70 && ch <= 0xFE7F) {
+            return 3;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : getLink
+     * Function: Resolves the link between the characters as
+     *           Arabic characters have four forms :
+     *           Isolated, Initial, Middle and Final Form
+     */
+    private static int getLink(char ch) {
+        if (ch >= '\u0622' && ch <= '\u06D3') {
+            return araLink[ch - '\u0622'];
+        } else if (ch == '\u200D') {
+            return 3;
+        } else if (ch >= '\u206D' && ch <= '\u206F') {
+            return 4;
+        } else if (ch >= '\uFE70' && ch <= '\uFEFC') {
+            return presLink[ch - '\uFE70'];
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : countSpaces
+     * Function: Counts the number of spaces
+     *           at each end of the logical buffer
+     */
+    private static int countSpacesLeft(char[] dest,
+                                       int start,
+                                       int count) {
+        for (int i = start, e = start + count; i < e; ++i) {
+            if (dest[i] != SPACE_CHAR) {
+                return i - start;
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    private static int countSpacesRight(char[] dest,
+                                        int start,
+                                        int count) {
+
+        for (int i = start + count; --i >= start;) {
+            if (dest[i] != SPACE_CHAR) {
+                return start + count - 1 - i;
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : isTashkeelChar
+     * Function: Returns true for Tashkeel characters else return false
+     */
+    private static boolean isTashkeelChar(char ch) {
+        return ( ch >='\u064B' && ch <= '\u0652' );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *Name     : isSeenTailFamilyChar
+     *Function : returns 1 if the character is a seen family isolated character
+     *           in the FE range otherwise returns 0
+     */
+
+    private static int isSeenTailFamilyChar(char ch) {
+        if (ch >= 0xfeb1 && ch < 0xfebf){
+             return tailFamilyIsolatedFinal [ch - 0xFEB1];
+        } else {
+             return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+     /* Name     : isSeenFamilyChar
+      * Function : returns 1 if the character is a seen family character in the Unicode
+      *            06 range otherwise returns 0
+     */
+
+    private static int isSeenFamilyChar(char  ch){
+        if (ch >= 0x633 && ch <= 0x636){
+            return 1;
+        }else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *Name     : isTailChar
+     *Function : returns true if the character matches one of the tail characters
+     *           (0xfe73 or 0x200b) otherwise returns false
+     */
+
+    private static boolean isTailChar(char ch) {
+        if(ch == OLD_TAIL_CHAR || ch == NEW_TAIL_CHAR){
+                return true;
+        }else{
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *Name     : isAlefMaksouraChar
+     *Function : returns true if the character is a Alef Maksoura Final or isolated
+     *           otherwise returns false
+     */
+    private static boolean isAlefMaksouraChar(char ch) {
+        return ( (ch == 0xFEEF) || ( ch == 0xFEF0) || (ch == 0x0649));
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name     : isYehHamzaChar
+     * Function : returns true if the character is a yehHamza isolated or yehhamza
+     *            final is found otherwise returns false
+     */
+    private static boolean isYehHamzaChar(char ch) {
+        if((ch==0xFE89)||(ch==0xFE8A)){
+            return true;
+        }else{
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *Name     : isTashkeelCharFE
+     *Function : Returns true for Tashkeel characters in FE range else return false
+     */
+
+    private static boolean isTashkeelCharFE(char ch) {
+        return ( ch!=0xFE75 &&(ch>=0xFE70 && ch<= 0xFE7F) );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name: isTashkeelOnTatweelChar
+     * Function: Checks if the Tashkeel Character is on Tatweel or not,if the
+     *           Tashkeel on tatweel (FE range), it returns 1 else if the
+     *           Tashkeel with shadda on tatweel (FC range)return 2 otherwise
+     *           returns 0
+     */
+    private static int isTashkeelOnTatweelChar(char ch){
+        if (ch >= 0xfe70 && ch <= 0xfe7f && ch != NEW_TAIL_CHAR && ch != 0xFE75 && ch != SHADDA_TATWEEL_CHAR)
+        {
+            return tashkeelMedial [ch - 0xFE70];
+        } else if( (ch >= 0xfcf2 && ch <= 0xfcf4) || (ch == SHADDA_TATWEEL_CHAR)) {
+            return 2;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name: isIsolatedTashkeelChar
+     * Function: Checks if the Tashkeel Character is in the isolated form
+     *           (i.e. Unicode FE range) returns 1 else if the Tashkeel
+     *           with shadda is in the isolated form (i.e. Unicode FC range)
+     *           returns 1 otherwise returns 0
+     */
+    private static int isIsolatedTashkeelChar(char ch){
+        if (ch >= 0xfe70 && ch <= 0xfe7f && ch != NEW_TAIL_CHAR && ch != 0xFE75){
+            return (1 - tashkeelMedial [ch - 0xFE70]);
+        } else if(ch >= 0xfc5e && ch <= 0xfc63){
+            return 1;
+        } else{
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : isAlefChar
+     * Function: Returns 1 for Alef characters else return 0
+     */
+    private static boolean isAlefChar(char ch) {
+        return ch == '\u0622' || ch == '\u0623' || ch == '\u0625' || ch == '\u0627';
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : isLamAlefChar
+     * Function: Returns true for LamAlef characters else return false
+     */
+    private static boolean isLamAlefChar(char ch) {
+        return ch >= '\uFEF5' && ch <= '\uFEFC';
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isNormalizedLamAlefChar(char ch) {
+        return ch >= '\u065C' && ch <= '\u065F';
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : calculateSize
+     * Function: This function calculates the destSize to be used in preflighting
+     *           when the destSize is equal to 0
+     */
+    private int calculateSize(char[] source,
+                              int sourceStart,
+                              int sourceLength) {
+
+        int destSize = sourceLength;
+
+        switch (options & LETTERS_MASK) {
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE:
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE_TASHKEEL_ISOLATED:
+            if (isLogical) {
+                for (int i = sourceStart, e = sourceStart + sourceLength - 1; i < e; ++i) {
+                    if ((source[i] == LAM_CHAR && isAlefChar(source[i+1])) || isTashkeelCharFE(source[i])){
+                        --destSize;
+                    }
+                }
+            } else { // visual
+                for(int i = sourceStart + 1, e = sourceStart + sourceLength; i < e; ++i) {
+                    if ((source[i] == LAM_CHAR && isAlefChar(source[i-1])) || isTashkeelCharFE(source[i])) {
+                        --destSize;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case LETTERS_UNSHAPE:
+            for(int i = sourceStart, e = sourceStart + sourceLength; i < e; ++i) {
+                if (isLamAlefChar(source[i])) {
+                    destSize++;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+
+        return destSize;
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : countSpaceSub
+     * Function: Counts number of times the subChar appears in the array
+     */
+    public static int countSpaceSub(char [] dest,int length, char subChar){
+        int i = 0;
+        int count = 0;
+        while (i < length) {
+          if (dest[i] == subChar) {
+              count++;
+              }
+          i++;
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : shiftArray
+     * Function: Shifts characters to replace space sub characters
+     */
+    public static void shiftArray(char [] dest,int start, int e, char subChar){
+        int w = e;
+        int r = e;
+        while (--r >= start) {
+          char ch = dest[r];
+          if (ch != subChar) {
+            --w;
+            if (w != r) {
+              dest[w] = ch;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+   }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : flipArray
+     * Function: inverts array, so that start becomes end and vice versa
+     */
+      public static int flipArray(char [] dest, int start, int e, int w){
+        int r;
+        if (w > start) {
+        // shift, assume small buffer size so don't use arraycopy
+          r = w;
+          w = start;
+          while (r < e) {
+            dest[w++] = dest[r++];
+           }
+         } else {
+             w = e;
+         }
+        return w;
+      }
+
+    /*
+     * Name     : handleTashkeelWithTatweel
+     * Function : Replaces Tashkeel as following:
+     *            Case 1 :if the Tashkeel on tatweel, replace it with Tatweel.
+     *            Case 2 :if the Tashkeel aggregated with Shadda on Tatweel, replace
+     *                   it with Shadda on Tatweel.
+     *            Case 3: if the Tashkeel is isolated replace it with Space.
+     *
+     */
+    private static int handleTashkeelWithTatweel(char[] dest, int sourceLength) {
+                     int i;
+                     for(i = 0; i < sourceLength; i++){
+                         if((isTashkeelOnTatweelChar(dest[i]) == 1)){
+                             dest[i] = TATWEEL_CHAR;
+                        }else if((isTashkeelOnTatweelChar(dest[i]) == 2)){
+                             dest[i] = SHADDA_TATWEEL_CHAR;
+                        }else if((isIsolatedTashkeelChar(dest[i])==1) && dest[i] != SHADDA_CHAR){
+                             dest[i] = SPACE_CHAR;
+                        }
+                     }
+                     return sourceLength;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     *Name     : handleGeneratedSpaces
+     *Function : The shapeUnicode function converts Lam + Alef into LamAlef + space,
+     *           and Tashkeel to space.
+     *           handleGeneratedSpaces function puts these generated spaces
+     *           according to the options the user specifies. LamAlef and Tashkeel
+     *           spaces can be replaced at begin, at end, at near or decrease the
+     *           buffer size.
+     *
+     *           There is also Auto option for LamAlef and tashkeel, which will put
+     *           the spaces at end of the buffer (or end of text if the user used
+     *           the option SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END).
+     *
+     *           If the text type was visual_LTR and the option
+     *           SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END was selected the END
+     *           option will place the space at the beginning of the buffer and
+     *           BEGIN will place the space at the end of the buffer.
+     */
+  private int handleGeneratedSpaces(char[] dest,
+            int start,
+            int length) {
+
+      int lenOptionsLamAlef = options & LAMALEF_MASK;
+      int lenOptionsTashkeel = options & TASHKEEL_MASK;
+      boolean lamAlefOn = false;
+      boolean tashkeelOn = false;
+
+      if (!isLogical & !spacesRelativeToTextBeginEnd) {
+          switch (lenOptionsLamAlef) {
+          case LAMALEF_BEGIN: lenOptionsLamAlef = LAMALEF_END; break;
+          case LAMALEF_END: lenOptionsLamAlef = LAMALEF_BEGIN; break;
+          default: break;
+         }
+          switch (lenOptionsTashkeel){
+          case TASHKEEL_BEGIN: lenOptionsTashkeel = TASHKEEL_END; break;
+          case TASHKEEL_END: lenOptionsTashkeel = TASHKEEL_BEGIN; break;
+          default: break;
+          }
+        }
+
+
+      if (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_NEAR) {
+          for (int i = start, e = i + length; i < e; ++i) {
+              if (dest[i] == LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB) {
+                  dest[i] = SPACE_CHAR_FOR_LAMALEF;
+              }
+          }
+
+      } else {
+
+          final int e = start + length;
+          int wL = countSpaceSub(dest, length, LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB);
+          int wT = countSpaceSub(dest, length, TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB);
+
+          if (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_END){
+            lamAlefOn = true;
+          }
+          if (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_END){
+            tashkeelOn = true;
+          }
+
+
+          if (lamAlefOn && (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_END)) {
+            shiftArray(dest, start, e, LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB);
+            while (wL > start) {
+                dest[--wL] = SPACE_CHAR;
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (tashkeelOn && (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_END)){
+            shiftArray(dest, start, e, TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB);
+            while (wT > start) {
+                 dest[--wT] = SPACE_CHAR;
+            }
+          }
+
+          lamAlefOn = false;
+          tashkeelOn = false;
+
+          if (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_RESIZE){
+            lamAlefOn = true;
+          }
+          if (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_RESIZE){
+            tashkeelOn = true;
+          }
+
+          if (lamAlefOn && (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_RESIZE)){
+              shiftArray(dest, start, e, LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB);
+              wL = flipArray(dest,start,e, wL);
+              length = wL - start;
+          }
+          if (tashkeelOn && (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_RESIZE)) {
+              shiftArray(dest, start, e, TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB);
+              wT = flipArray(dest,start,e, wT);
+              length = wT - start;
+          }
+
+          lamAlefOn = false;
+          tashkeelOn = false;
+
+          if ((lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_BEGIN) ||
+              (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_AUTO)){
+                lamAlefOn = true;
+          }
+          if (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_BEGIN){
+                tashkeelOn = true;
+          }
+
+          if (lamAlefOn && ((lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_BEGIN)||
+                            (lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_AUTO))) { // spaces at beginning
+              shiftArray(dest, start, e, LAMALEF_SPACE_SUB);
+               wL = flipArray(dest,start,e, wL);
+                  while (wL < e) {
+                      dest[wL++] = SPACE_CHAR;
+                  }
+              }
+              if(tashkeelOn && (lenOptionsTashkeel == TASHKEEL_BEGIN)){
+               shiftArray(dest, start, e, TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB);
+               wT = flipArray(dest,start,e, wT);
+                  while (wT < e) {
+                      dest[wT++] = SPACE_CHAR;
+                  }
+              }
+           }
+
+      return length;
+  }
+
+
+  /*
+   *Name     :expandCompositCharAtBegin
+   *Function :Expands the LamAlef character to Lam and Alef consuming the required
+   *         space from beginning of the buffer. If the text type was visual_LTR
+   *         and the option SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END was selected
+   *         the spaces will be located at end of buffer.
+   *         If there are no spaces to expand the LamAlef, an exception is thrown.
+*/
+ private boolean expandCompositCharAtBegin(char[] dest,int start, int length,
+                            int lacount) {
+     boolean spaceNotFound = false;
+
+     if (lacount > countSpacesRight(dest, start, length)) {
+         spaceNotFound = true;
+         return spaceNotFound;
+     }
+     for (int r = start + length - lacount, w = start + length; --r >= start;) {
+         char ch = dest[r];
+         if (isNormalizedLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+             dest[--w] = LAM_CHAR;
+             dest[--w] = convertNormalizedLamAlef[ch - '\u065C'];
+         } else {
+             dest[--w] = ch;
+         }
+     }
+     return spaceNotFound;
+
+  }
+
+  /*
+   *Name     : expandCompositCharAtEnd
+   *Function : Expands the LamAlef character to Lam and Alef consuming the
+   *           required space from end of the buffer. If the text type was
+   *           Visual LTR and the option SPACES_RELATIVE_TO_TEXT_BEGIN_END
+   *           was used, the spaces will be consumed from begin of buffer. If
+   *           there are no spaces to expand the LamAlef, an exception is thrown.
+   */
+
+  private boolean  expandCompositCharAtEnd(char[] dest,int start, int length,
+                          int lacount){
+      boolean spaceNotFound = false;
+
+      if (lacount > countSpacesLeft(dest, start, length)) {
+          spaceNotFound = true;
+          return spaceNotFound;
+      }
+      for (int r = start + lacount, w = start, e = start + length; r < e; ++r) {
+          char ch = dest[r];
+          if (isNormalizedLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+              dest[w++] = convertNormalizedLamAlef[ch - '\u065C'];
+              dest[w++] = LAM_CHAR;
+          } else {
+              dest[w++] = ch;
+          }
+      }
+      return spaceNotFound;
+  }
+
+  /*
+   *Name     : expandCompositCharAtNear
+   *Function : Expands the LamAlef character into Lam + Alef, YehHamza character
+   *           into Yeh + Hamza, SeenFamily character into SeenFamily character
+   *           + Tail, while consuming the space next to the character.
+   */
+
+  private boolean expandCompositCharAtNear(char[] dest,int start, int length,
+                                       int yehHamzaOption, int seenTailOption, int lamAlefOption){
+
+      boolean spaceNotFound = false;
+
+
+
+      if (isNormalizedLamAlefChar(dest[start])) {
+          spaceNotFound = true;
+          return spaceNotFound;
+      }
+      for (int i = start + length; --i >=start;) {
+          char ch = dest[i];
+          if (lamAlefOption == 1 && isNormalizedLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+              if (i>start &&dest[i-1] == SPACE_CHAR) {
+                  dest[i] = LAM_CHAR;
+                  dest[--i] = convertNormalizedLamAlef[ch - '\u065C'];
+              } else {
+                  spaceNotFound = true;
+                  return spaceNotFound;
+              }
+          }else if(seenTailOption == 1 && isSeenTailFamilyChar(ch) == 1){
+              if(i>start &&dest[i-1] == SPACE_CHAR){
+                  dest[i-1] = tailChar;
+              } else{
+                  spaceNotFound = true;
+                  return spaceNotFound;
+              }
+          }else if(yehHamzaOption == 1 && isYehHamzaChar(ch)){
+
+               if(i>start &&dest[i-1] == SPACE_CHAR){
+                  dest[i] = yehHamzaToYeh[ch - YEH_HAMZAFE_CHAR];
+                  dest[i-1] = HAMZAFE_CHAR;
+              }else{
+                  spaceNotFound = true;
+                  return spaceNotFound;
+                }
+
+
+          }
+      }
+      return false;
+
+  }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : expandCompositChar
+     * Function: LamAlef needs special handling as the LamAlef is
+     *           one character while expanding it will give two
+     *           characters Lam + Alef, so we need to expand the LamAlef
+     *           in near or far spaces according to the options the user
+     *           specifies or increase the buffer size.
+     *           Dest has enough room for the expansion if we are growing.
+     *           lamalef are normalized to the 'special characters'
+     */
+    private int expandCompositChar(char[] dest,
+                              int start,
+                              int length,
+                              int lacount,
+                              int shapingMode) throws ArabicShapingException {
+
+        int lenOptionsLamAlef = options & LAMALEF_MASK;
+        int lenOptionsSeen = options & SEEN_MASK;
+        int lenOptionsYehHamza = options & YEHHAMZA_MASK;
+        boolean spaceNotFound = false;
+
+        if (!isLogical && !spacesRelativeToTextBeginEnd) {
+            switch (lenOptionsLamAlef) {
+            case LAMALEF_BEGIN: lenOptionsLamAlef = LAMALEF_END; break;
+            case LAMALEF_END: lenOptionsLamAlef = LAMALEF_BEGIN; break;
+            default: break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(shapingMode == 1){
+            if(lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_AUTO){
+                if(isLogical){
+                    spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtEnd(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtBegin(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                    }
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtNear(dest, start, length,0,0,1);
+                    }
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        throw new ArabicShapingException("No spacefor lamalef");
+                    }
+                }else{
+                    spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtBegin(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtEnd(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                    }
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtNear(dest, start, length,0,0,1);
+                    }
+                    if(spaceNotFound){
+                        throw new ArabicShapingException("No spacefor lamalef");
+                    }
+                }
+            }else if(lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_END){
+                spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtEnd(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                if(spaceNotFound){
+                    throw new ArabicShapingException("No spacefor lamalef");
+                }
+            }else if(lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_BEGIN){
+                spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtBegin(dest, start, length, lacount);
+                if(spaceNotFound){
+                    throw new ArabicShapingException("No spacefor lamalef");
+                }
+            }else if(lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_NEAR){
+                spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtNear(dest, start, length,0,0,1);
+                if(spaceNotFound){
+                    throw new ArabicShapingException("No spacefor lamalef");
+            }
+            }else if(lenOptionsLamAlef == LAMALEF_RESIZE){
+                for (int r = start + length, w = r + lacount; --r >= start;) {
+                    char ch = dest[r];
+                    if (isNormalizedLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+                        dest[--w] = '\u0644';
+                        dest[--w] = convertNormalizedLamAlef[ch - '\u065C'];
+                    } else {
+                        dest[--w] = ch;
+                    }
+                }
+                length += lacount;
+            }
+            }else{
+                if(lenOptionsSeen == SEEN_TWOCELL_NEAR){
+                spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtNear(dest, start, length,0,1,0);
+                if(spaceNotFound){
+                    throw new ArabicShapingException("No space for Seen tail expansion");
+                }
+            }
+            if(lenOptionsYehHamza == YEHHAMZA_TWOCELL_NEAR){
+                spaceNotFound = expandCompositCharAtNear(dest, start, length,1,0,0);
+                if(spaceNotFound){
+                    throw new ArabicShapingException("No space for YehHamza expansion");
+                }
+            }
+            }
+        return length;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Convert the input buffer from FExx Range into 06xx Range
+     * to put all characters into the 06xx range
+     * even the lamalef is converted to the special region in
+     * the 06xx range.  Return the number of lamalef chars found.
+     */
+    private int normalize(char[] dest, int start, int length) {
+        int lacount = 0;
+        for (int i = start, e = i + length; i < e; ++i) {
+            char ch = dest[i];
+            if (ch >= '\uFE70' && ch <= '\uFEFC') {
+                if (isLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+                    ++lacount;
+                }
+                dest[i] = (char)convertFEto06[ch - '\uFE70'];
+            }
+        }
+        return lacount;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : deshapeNormalize
+     * Function: Convert the input buffer from FExx Range into 06xx Range
+     *           even the lamalef is converted to the special region in the 06xx range.
+     *           According to the options the user enters, all seen family characters
+     *           followed by a tail character are merged to seen tail family character and
+     *           any yeh followed by a hamza character are merged to yehhamza character.
+     *           Method returns the number of lamalef chars found.
+     */
+    private int deshapeNormalize(char[] dest, int start, int length) {
+        int lacount = 0;
+        int yehHamzaComposeEnabled = 0;
+        int seenComposeEnabled = 0;
+
+        yehHamzaComposeEnabled = ((options&YEHHAMZA_MASK) == YEHHAMZA_TWOCELL_NEAR) ? 1 : 0;
+        seenComposeEnabled = ((options&SEEN_MASK) == SEEN_TWOCELL_NEAR)? 1 : 0;
+
+        for (int i = start, e = i + length; i < e; ++i) {
+            char ch = dest[i];
+
+        if( (yehHamzaComposeEnabled == 1) && ((ch == HAMZA06_CHAR) || (ch == HAMZAFE_CHAR))
+               && (i < (length - 1)) && isAlefMaksouraChar(dest[i+1] )) {
+                dest[i] = SPACE_CHAR;
+                dest[i+1] = YEH_HAMZA_CHAR;
+       } else if ( (seenComposeEnabled == 1) && (isTailChar(ch)) && (i< (length - 1))
+                       && (isSeenTailFamilyChar(dest[i+1])==1) ) {
+               dest[i] = SPACE_CHAR;
+       }
+       else if (ch >= '\uFE70' && ch <= '\uFEFC') {
+                if (isLamAlefChar(ch)) {
+                    ++lacount;
+                }
+                dest[i] = (char)convertFEto06[ch - '\uFE70'];
+            }
+        }
+        return lacount;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : shapeUnicode
+     * Function: Converts an Arabic Unicode buffer in 06xx Range into a shaped
+     *           arabic Unicode buffer in FExx Range
+     */
+    private int shapeUnicode(char[] dest,
+                             int start,
+                             int length,
+                             int destSize,
+                             int tashkeelFlag)throws ArabicShapingException {
+
+        int lamalef_count = normalize(dest, start, length);
+
+        // resolve the link between the characters.
+        // Arabic characters have four forms: Isolated, Initial, Medial and Final.
+        // Tashkeel characters have two, isolated or medial, and sometimes only isolated.
+        // tashkeelFlag == 0: shape normally, 1: shape isolated, 2: don't shape
+
+        boolean lamalef_found = false, seenfam_found = false;
+        boolean yehhamza_found = false, tashkeel_found = false;
+        int i = start + length - 1;
+        int currLink = getLink(dest[i]);
+        int nextLink = 0;
+        int prevLink = 0;
+        int lastLink = 0;
+        //int prevPos = i;
+        int lastPos = i;
+        int nx = -2;
+        int nw = 0;
+
+        while (i >= 0) {
+            // If high byte of currLink > 0 then there might be more than one shape
+            if ((currLink & '\uFF00') > 0 || isTashkeelChar(dest[i])) {
+                nw = i - 1;
+                nx = -2;
+                while (nx < 0) { // we need to know about next char
+                    if (nw == -1) {
+                        nextLink = 0;
+                        nx = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                    } else {
+                        nextLink = getLink(dest[nw]);
+                        if ((nextLink & IRRELEVANT) == 0) {
+                            nx = nw;
+                        } else {
+                            --nw;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (((currLink & ALEFTYPE) > 0) && ((lastLink & LAMTYPE) > 0)) {
+                    lamalef_found = true;
+                    char wLamalef = changeLamAlef(dest[i]); // get from 0x065C-0x065f
+                    if (wLamalef != '\u0000') {
+                        // replace alef by marker, it will be removed later
+                        dest[i] = '\uffff';
+                        dest[lastPos] = wLamalef;
+                        i = lastPos;
+                    }
+
+                    lastLink = prevLink;
+                    currLink = getLink(wLamalef); // requires '\u0000', unfortunately
+                }
+                if ((i > 0) && (dest[i-1] == SPACE_CHAR))
+                {
+                    if ( isSeenFamilyChar(dest[i]) == 1){
+                        seenfam_found = true;
+                    } else if (dest[i] == YEH_HAMZA_CHAR) {
+                        yehhamza_found = true;
+                    }
+                }
+                else if(i==0){
+                    if ( isSeenFamilyChar(dest[i]) == 1){
+                        seenfam_found = true;
+                    } else if (dest[i] == YEH_HAMZA_CHAR) {
+                        yehhamza_found = true;
+                    }
+                }
+
+
+                // get the proper shape according to link ability of neighbors
+                // and of character; depends on the order of the shapes
+                // (isolated, initial, middle, final) in the compatibility area
+
+                int flag = specialChar(dest[i]);
+
+                int shape = shapeTable[nextLink & LINK_MASK]
+                    [lastLink & LINK_MASK]
+                    [currLink & LINK_MASK];
+
+                if (flag == 1) {
+                    shape &= 0x1;
+                } else if (flag == 2) {
+                    if (tashkeelFlag == 0 &&
+                        ((lastLink & LINKL) != 0) &&
+                        ((nextLink & LINKR) != 0) &&
+                        dest[i] != '\u064C' &&
+                        dest[i] != '\u064D' &&
+                        !((nextLink & ALEFTYPE) == ALEFTYPE &&
+                          (lastLink & LAMTYPE) == LAMTYPE)) {
+
+                        shape = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        shape = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (flag == 2) {
+                    if (tashkeelFlag == 2) {
+                        dest[i] = TASHKEEL_SPACE_SUB;
+                        tashkeel_found = true;
+                    }
+                    else{
+                        dest[i] = (char)('\uFE70' + irrelevantPos[dest[i] - '\u064B'] + shape);
+                    }
+                    // else leave tashkeel alone
+                } else {
+                    dest[i] = (char)('\uFE70' + (currLink >> 8) + shape);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // move one notch forward
+            if ((currLink & IRRELEVANT) == 0) {
+                prevLink = lastLink;
+                lastLink = currLink;
+                //prevPos = lastPos;
+                lastPos = i;
+            }
+
+            --i;
+            if (i == nx) {
+                currLink = nextLink;
+                nx = -2;
+            } else if (i != -1) {
+                currLink = getLink(dest[i]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If we found a lam/alef pair in the buffer
+        // call handleGeneratedSpaces to remove the spaces that were added
+
+        destSize = length;
+        if (lamalef_found || tashkeel_found) {
+            destSize = handleGeneratedSpaces(dest, start, length);
+        }
+        if (seenfam_found || yehhamza_found){
+            destSize = expandCompositChar(dest, start, destSize, lamalef_count, SHAPE_MODE);
+        }
+        return destSize;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Name    : deShapeUnicode
+     * Function: Converts an Arabic Unicode buffer in FExx Range into unshaped
+     *           arabic Unicode buffer in 06xx Range
+     */
+    private int deShapeUnicode(char[] dest,
+                               int start,
+                               int length,
+                               int destSize) throws ArabicShapingException {
+
+        int lamalef_count = deshapeNormalize(dest, start, length);
+
+        // If there was a lamalef in the buffer call expandLamAlef
+        if (lamalef_count != 0) {
+            // need to adjust dest to fit expanded buffer... !!!
+            destSize = expandCompositChar(dest, start, length, lamalef_count,DESHAPE_MODE);
+        } else {
+            destSize = length;
+        }
+
+        return destSize;
+    }
+
+    private int internalShape(char[] source,
+                              int sourceStart,
+                              int sourceLength,
+                              char[] dest,
+                              int destStart,
+                              int destSize) throws ArabicShapingException {
+
+        if (sourceLength == 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        if (destSize == 0) {
+            if (((options & LETTERS_MASK) != LETTERS_NOOP) &&
+                ((options & LAMALEF_MASK) == LAMALEF_RESIZE)) {
+
+                return calculateSize(source, sourceStart, sourceLength);
+            } else {
+                return sourceLength; // by definition
+            }
+        }
+
+        // always use temp buffer
+        char[] temp = new char[sourceLength * 2]; // all lamalefs requiring expansion
+        System.arraycopy(source, sourceStart, temp, 0, sourceLength);
+
+        if (isLogical) {
+            invertBuffer(temp, 0, sourceLength);
+        }
+
+        int outputSize = sourceLength;
+
+        switch (options & LETTERS_MASK) {
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE_TASHKEEL_ISOLATED:
+            outputSize = shapeUnicode(temp, 0, sourceLength, destSize, 1);
+            break;
+
+        case LETTERS_SHAPE:
+            if( ((options&TASHKEEL_MASK)> 0) &&
+                ((options&TASHKEEL_MASK) !=TASHKEEL_REPLACE_BY_TATWEEL)) {
+                   /* Call the shaping function with tashkeel flag == 2 for removal of tashkeel */
+                outputSize = shapeUnicode(temp, 0, sourceLength, destSize, 2);
+                }else {
+                   //default Call the shaping function with tashkeel flag == 1 */
+                    outputSize = shapeUnicode(temp, 0, sourceLength, destSize, 0);
+
+                   /*After shaping text check if user wants to remove tashkeel and replace it with tatweel*/
+                   if( (options&TASHKEEL_MASK) == TASHKEEL_REPLACE_BY_TATWEEL){
+                       outputSize = handleTashkeelWithTatweel(temp,sourceLength);
+                   }
+               }
+            break;
+
+        case LETTERS_UNSHAPE:
+            outputSize = deShapeUnicode(temp, 0, sourceLength, destSize);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (outputSize > destSize) {
+            throw new ArabicShapingException("not enough room for result data");
+        }
+
+        if ((options & DIGITS_MASK) != DIGITS_NOOP) {
+            char digitBase = '\u0030'; // European digits
+            switch (options & DIGIT_TYPE_MASK) {
+            case DIGIT_TYPE_AN:
+                digitBase = '\u0660';  // Arabic-Indic digits
+                break;
+
+            case DIGIT_TYPE_AN_EXTENDED:
+                digitBase = '\u06f0';  // Eastern Arabic-Indic digits (Persian and Urdu)
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                break;
+            }
+
+            switch (options & DIGITS_MASK) {
+            case DIGITS_EN2AN:
+                {
+                    int digitDelta = digitBase - '\u0030';
+                    for (int i = 0; i < outputSize; ++i) {
+                        char ch = temp[i];
+                        if (ch <= '\u0039' && ch >= '\u0030') {
+                            temp[i] += digitDelta;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+
+            case DIGITS_AN2EN:
+                {
+                    char digitTop = (char)(digitBase + 9);
+                    int digitDelta = '\u0030' - digitBase;
+                    for (int i = 0; i < outputSize; ++i) {
+                        char ch = temp[i];
+                        if (ch <= digitTop && ch >= digitBase) {
+                            temp[i] += digitDelta;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+
+            case DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_LR:
+                shapeToArabicDigitsWithContext(temp, 0, outputSize, digitBase, false);
+                break;
+
+            case DIGITS_EN2AN_INIT_AL:
+                shapeToArabicDigitsWithContext(temp, 0, outputSize, digitBase, true);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (isLogical) {
+            invertBuffer(temp, 0, outputSize);
+        }
+
+        System.arraycopy(temp, 0, dest, destStart, outputSize);
+
+        return outputSize;
+    }
+
+    private static class ArabicShapingException extends RuntimeException {
+        ArabicShapingException(String msg) {
+            super(msg);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/icu4j/license.html b/icu4j/license.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b905ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/icu4j/license.html
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<html>
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"></meta>
+<title>ICU License - ICU 1.8.1 and later</title>
+</head>
+
+<body BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
+<h2>ICU License - ICU 1.8.1 and later</h2>
+
+<p>COPYRIGHT AND PERMISSION NOTICE</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright (c) 1995-2006 International Business Machines Corporation and others
+</p>
+<p>
+All rights reserved.
+</p>
+<p>
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons
+to whom the Software is furnished to do so, provided that the above
+copyright notice(s) and this permission notice appear in all copies
+of the Software and that both the above copyright notice(s) and this
+permission notice appear in supporting documentation.
+</p>
+<p>
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, 
+INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER
+RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+</p>
+<p>
+Except as contained in this notice, the name of a copyright holder shall not be
+used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in
+this Software without prior written authorization of the copyright holder.
+</p>
+
+<hr>
+<p><small>
+All trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.
+</small></p>
+</body>
+</html>