readlinkat: ensure we return ENOENT for the empty pathname for normal lookups

Since the commit below which added O_PATH support to the *at() calls, the
error return for readlink/readlinkat for the empty pathname has switched
from ENOENT to EINVAL:

  commit 65cfc6722361570bfe255698d9cd4dccaf47570d
  Author: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
  Date:   Sun Mar 13 15:56:26 2011 -0400

    readlinkat(), fchownat() and fstatat() with empty relative pathnames

This is both unexpected for userspace and makes readlink/readlinkat
inconsistant with all other interfaces; and inconsistant with our stated
return for these pathnames.

As the readlinkat call does not have a flags parameter we cannot use the
AT_EMPTY_PATH approach used in the other calls.  Therefore expose whether
the original path is infact entry via a new user_path_at_empty() path
lookup function.  Use this to determine whether to default to EINVAL or
ENOENT for failures.

Addresses http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/817187

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unused getname_flags()]
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
diff --git a/fs/stat.c b/fs/stat.c
index 78a3aa8..8806b89 100644
--- a/fs/stat.c
+++ b/fs/stat.c
@@ -294,15 +294,16 @@
 {
 	struct path path;
 	int error;
+	int empty = 0;
 
 	if (bufsiz <= 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	error = user_path_at(dfd, pathname, LOOKUP_EMPTY, &path);
+	error = user_path_at_empty(dfd, pathname, LOOKUP_EMPTY, &path, &empty);
 	if (!error) {
 		struct inode *inode = path.dentry->d_inode;
 
-		error = -EINVAL;
+		error = empty ? -ENOENT : -EINVAL;
 		if (inode->i_op->readlink) {
 			error = security_inode_readlink(path.dentry);
 			if (!error) {