License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
diff --git a/include/trace/events/9p.h b/include/trace/events/9p.h
index 633ee9e..78c5608 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/9p.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/9p.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM 9p
diff --git a/include/trace/events/alarmtimer.h b/include/trace/events/alarmtimer.h
index ae4f358..13483c7c 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/alarmtimer.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/alarmtimer.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM alarmtimer
diff --git a/include/trace/events/asoc.h b/include/trace/events/asoc.h
index 9130dd5..ccd1a3b 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/asoc.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/asoc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM asoc
diff --git a/include/trace/events/bcache.h b/include/trace/events/bcache.h
index daf7491..2cbd6e4 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/bcache.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/bcache.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM bcache
diff --git a/include/trace/events/block.h b/include/trace/events/block.h
index 1fd7ff1a..81b43f5 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/block.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/block.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM block
diff --git a/include/trace/events/bpf.h b/include/trace/events/bpf.h
index 52c8425..cc749d70 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/bpf.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/bpf.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM bpf
diff --git a/include/trace/events/btrfs.h b/include/trace/events/btrfs.h
index dc1d0df..32d0c1f 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/btrfs.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/btrfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM btrfs
diff --git a/include/trace/events/cgroup.h b/include/trace/events/cgroup.h
index c226f50..d74722c 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/cgroup.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/cgroup.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM cgroup
diff --git a/include/trace/events/cma.h b/include/trace/events/cma.h
index d7cd961..5017a88 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/cma.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/cma.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM cma
diff --git a/include/trace/events/compaction.h b/include/trace/events/compaction.h
index 0a18ab6..6074eff 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/compaction.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/compaction.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM compaction
diff --git a/include/trace/events/context_tracking.h b/include/trace/events/context_tracking.h
index ce8007c..0aa6fd6 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/context_tracking.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/context_tracking.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM context_tracking
diff --git a/include/trace/events/cpuhp.h b/include/trace/events/cpuhp.h
index 996953d..fe1d6e8 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/cpuhp.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/cpuhp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM cpuhp
diff --git a/include/trace/events/devlink.h b/include/trace/events/devlink.h
index 09f1df2..44acfbc 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/devlink.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/devlink.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NET_DEVLINK)
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
diff --git a/include/trace/events/dma_fence.h b/include/trace/events/dma_fence.h
index 1157cb4..d61bfdd 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/dma_fence.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/dma_fence.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM dma_fence
diff --git a/include/trace/events/ext4.h b/include/trace/events/ext4.h
index 9c3bc38..4d0e3af 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/ext4.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/ext4.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM ext4
diff --git a/include/trace/events/f2fs.h b/include/trace/events/f2fs.h
index 5d216f7..7ab4049 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/f2fs.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/f2fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM f2fs
diff --git a/include/trace/events/fib.h b/include/trace/events/fib.h
index 833cfcb..81b7e98 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/fib.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/fib.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM fib
diff --git a/include/trace/events/fib6.h b/include/trace/events/fib6.h
index d60096c..d46e247 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/fib6.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/fib6.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM fib6
diff --git a/include/trace/events/filelock.h b/include/trace/events/filelock.h
index 63a7680..d1faf35 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/filelock.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/filelock.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Events for filesystem locks
*
diff --git a/include/trace/events/filemap.h b/include/trace/events/filemap.h
index ff91325..ee05db7 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/filemap.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/filemap.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM filemap
diff --git a/include/trace/events/fs_dax.h b/include/trace/events/fs_dax.h
index fbc4a06..8a8df54 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/fs_dax.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/fs_dax.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM fs_dax
diff --git a/include/trace/events/fsi.h b/include/trace/events/fsi.h
index 697ee66..92e5e89 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/fsi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/fsi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM fsi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/fsi_master_gpio.h b/include/trace/events/fsi_master_gpio.h
index 11b36c1..f95cf32 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/fsi_master_gpio.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/fsi_master_gpio.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM fsi_master_gpio
diff --git a/include/trace/events/gpio.h b/include/trace/events/gpio.h
index 2da73b9..5c189a2 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/gpio.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/gpio.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM gpio
diff --git a/include/trace/events/hswadsp.h b/include/trace/events/hswadsp.h
index 0f78bbb..939d7a0 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/hswadsp.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/hswadsp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM hswadsp
diff --git a/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h b/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h
index 04f58ac..dd4db33 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM huge_memory
diff --git a/include/trace/events/intel-sst.h b/include/trace/events/intel-sst.h
index edc24e6..0416e91 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/intel-sst.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/intel-sst.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM intel-sst
diff --git a/include/trace/events/intel_ish.h b/include/trace/events/intel_ish.h
index 92f7d5b..e6d7ff5 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/intel_ish.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/intel_ish.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM intel_ish
diff --git a/include/trace/events/iommu.h b/include/trace/events/iommu.h
index 99254ed..72b4582 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/iommu.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/iommu.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* iommu trace points
*
diff --git a/include/trace/events/ipi.h b/include/trace/events/ipi.h
index 834a736..0be71dad 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/ipi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/ipi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM ipi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/irq.h b/include/trace/events/irq.h
index 1c41b74..eeceafa 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/irq.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/irq.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM irq
diff --git a/include/trace/events/jbd2.h b/include/trace/events/jbd2.h
index c1d1f3e..2310b25 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/jbd2.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/jbd2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM jbd2
diff --git a/include/trace/events/kmem.h b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
index 6b2e154..285feea 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/kmem.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/kmem.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM kmem
diff --git a/include/trace/events/kvm.h b/include/trace/events/kvm.h
index dcffedf..e4b0b8e 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/kvm.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/kvm.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#if !defined(_TRACE_KVM_MAIN_H) || defined(TRACE_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
#define _TRACE_KVM_MAIN_H
diff --git a/include/trace/events/libata.h b/include/trace/events/libata.h
index 2fbbf99..ab69434 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/libata.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/libata.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM libata
diff --git a/include/trace/events/lock.h b/include/trace/events/lock.h
index 2821b86..d751212 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/lock.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/lock.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM lock
diff --git a/include/trace/events/mce.h b/include/trace/events/mce.h
index 70f0214..1391ada 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/mce.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/mce.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM mce
diff --git a/include/trace/events/mdio.h b/include/trace/events/mdio.h
index 00d85f5..0f241cb 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/mdio.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/mdio.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM mdio
diff --git a/include/trace/events/migrate.h b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
index 539b25a..bcf4dac 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/migrate.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM migrate
diff --git a/include/trace/events/mmc.h b/include/trace/events/mmc.h
index f30a99a..200f731 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/mmc.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/mmc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM mmc
diff --git a/include/trace/events/mmflags.h b/include/trace/events/mmflags.h
index fec6291..648cbf6 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/mmflags.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/mmflags.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/node.h>
#include <linux/mmzone.h>
#include <linux/compaction.h>
diff --git a/include/trace/events/module.h b/include/trace/events/module.h
index 28c4599..097485c 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/module.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/module.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Because linux/module.h has tracepoints in the header, and ftrace.h
* used to include this file, define_trace.h includes linux/module.h
diff --git a/include/trace/events/napi.h b/include/trace/events/napi.h
index 0b9e513..f3a1256 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/napi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/napi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM napi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/net.h b/include/trace/events/net.h
index 49cc7c3..9c886739 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/net.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/net.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM net
diff --git a/include/trace/events/nilfs2.h b/include/trace/events/nilfs2.h
index c780581..84ee31f 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/nilfs2.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/nilfs2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM nilfs2
diff --git a/include/trace/events/nmi.h b/include/trace/events/nmi.h
index da3ee96..18e0411 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/nmi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/nmi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM nmi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/oom.h b/include/trace/events/oom.h
index c3c19d4..26a11e4 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/oom.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/oom.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM oom
diff --git a/include/trace/events/page_isolation.h b/include/trace/events/page_isolation.h
index 8738a78..bf4c42e 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/page_isolation.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/page_isolation.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM page_isolation
diff --git a/include/trace/events/page_ref.h b/include/trace/events/page_ref.h
index 81001f8..5d2ea93 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/page_ref.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/page_ref.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM page_ref
diff --git a/include/trace/events/pagemap.h b/include/trace/events/pagemap.h
index ce0803b..8fd1bab 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/pagemap.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/pagemap.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM pagemap
diff --git a/include/trace/events/percpu.h b/include/trace/events/percpu.h
index ad34b1b..df112a6 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/percpu.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/percpu.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM percpu
diff --git a/include/trace/events/power.h b/include/trace/events/power.h
index 54e3aad..908977d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/power.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/power.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM power
diff --git a/include/trace/events/power_cpu_migrate.h b/include/trace/events/power_cpu_migrate.h
index f76dd4d..e338810 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/power_cpu_migrate.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/power_cpu_migrate.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM power
diff --git a/include/trace/events/printk.h b/include/trace/events/printk.h
index f350170..13d405b 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/printk.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/printk.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM printk
diff --git a/include/trace/events/random.h b/include/trace/events/random.h
index 4684de3..0560dfc3 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/random.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/random.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM random
diff --git a/include/trace/events/rcu.h b/include/trace/events/rcu.h
index e91ae1f..59d40c4 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/rcu.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/rcu.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM rcu
diff --git a/include/trace/events/regulator.h b/include/trace/events/regulator.h
index 37502a7..b70583c 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/regulator.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/regulator.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM regulator
diff --git a/include/trace/events/rpm.h b/include/trace/events/rpm.h
index 33f85b6..26927a5 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/rpm.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/rpm.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM rpm
diff --git a/include/trace/events/sched.h b/include/trace/events/sched.h
index 3c8b7f6..da10aa2 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/sched.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/sched.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM sched
diff --git a/include/trace/events/scsi.h b/include/trace/events/scsi.h
index 9a9b3e2..f624969 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/scsi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/scsi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM scsi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/signal.h b/include/trace/events/signal.h
index 39a8a43..8658292 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/signal.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/signal.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM signal
diff --git a/include/trace/events/skb.h b/include/trace/events/skb.h
index 0c68ae22..9e92f22 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/skb.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/skb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM skb
diff --git a/include/trace/events/sock.h b/include/trace/events/sock.h
index 779abb9..6d31c05 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/sock.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/sock.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM sock
diff --git a/include/trace/events/spi.h b/include/trace/events/spi.h
index f9f702b..277bb9d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/spi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/spi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM spi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/spmi.h b/include/trace/events/spmi.h
index 62f005e..8b60efe 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/spmi.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/spmi.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM spmi
diff --git a/include/trace/events/sunrpc.h b/include/trace/events/sunrpc.h
index 8a707f8..25a7739 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/sunrpc.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/sunrpc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM sunrpc
diff --git a/include/trace/events/sunvnet.h b/include/trace/events/sunvnet.h
index eb080b2..8d444f1 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/sunvnet.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/sunvnet.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM sunvnet
diff --git a/include/trace/events/swiotlb.h b/include/trace/events/swiotlb.h
index 288c0c5..705be43b 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/swiotlb.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/swiotlb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM swiotlb
diff --git a/include/trace/events/syscalls.h b/include/trace/events/syscalls.h
index b35533b..44a3259 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/syscalls.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/syscalls.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM raw_syscalls
#undef TRACE_INCLUDE_FILE
diff --git a/include/trace/events/target.h b/include/trace/events/target.h
index 50fea66..914a872 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/target.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/target.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM target
diff --git a/include/trace/events/task.h b/include/trace/events/task.h
index 2cca6cd..64d1609 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/task.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/task.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM task
diff --git a/include/trace/events/thermal.h b/include/trace/events/thermal.h
index 6cde5b3..466c09d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/thermal.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/thermal.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM thermal
diff --git a/include/trace/events/thermal_power_allocator.h b/include/trace/events/thermal_power_allocator.h
index 5afae8f..1c8fb95 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/thermal_power_allocator.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/thermal_power_allocator.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM thermal_power_allocator
diff --git a/include/trace/events/thp.h b/include/trace/events/thp.h
index b59b065..d7fbbe5 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/thp.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/thp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM thp
diff --git a/include/trace/events/timer.h b/include/trace/events/timer.h
index 80787ea..16e305e 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/timer.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/timer.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM timer
diff --git a/include/trace/events/tlb.h b/include/trace/events/tlb.h
index 9d14b19..b4d8e7d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/tlb.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/tlb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM tlb
diff --git a/include/trace/events/udp.h b/include/trace/events/udp.h
index a664bb9..336fe27 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/udp.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/udp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM udp
diff --git a/include/trace/events/v4l2.h b/include/trace/events/v4l2.h
index b3a85b3..83860de 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/v4l2.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/v4l2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM v4l2
diff --git a/include/trace/events/vb2.h b/include/trace/events/vb2.h
index c1a2241..a40146d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/vb2.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/vb2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM vb2
diff --git a/include/trace/events/vmscan.h b/include/trace/events/vmscan.h
index 27e8a5c..dc23cf0 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/vmscan.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/vmscan.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM vmscan
diff --git a/include/trace/events/vsock_virtio_transport_common.h b/include/trace/events/vsock_virtio_transport_common.h
index b7f1d62..6782213 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/vsock_virtio_transport_common.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/vsock_virtio_transport_common.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM vsock
diff --git a/include/trace/events/wbt.h b/include/trace/events/wbt.h
index 3c518e4..b048694 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/wbt.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/wbt.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM wbt
diff --git a/include/trace/events/workqueue.h b/include/trace/events/workqueue.h
index bf0e18b..2f057a4 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/workqueue.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/workqueue.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM workqueue
diff --git a/include/trace/events/writeback.h b/include/trace/events/writeback.h
index 9b57f01..2e1fa79 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/writeback.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/writeback.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM writeback
diff --git a/include/trace/events/xdp.h b/include/trace/events/xdp.h
index 4e16c43..810e941 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/xdp.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/xdp.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM xdp
diff --git a/include/trace/events/xen.h b/include/trace/events/xen.h
index 1b4fed7..a7c8b45 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/xen.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/xen.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM xen