PM / Runtime: Use device PM QoS constraints (v2)

Make the runtime PM core use device PM QoS constraints to check if
it is allowed to suspend a given device, so that an error code is
returned if the device's own PM QoS constraint is negative or one of
its children has already been suspended for too long.  If this is
not the case, the maximum estimated time the device is allowed to be
suspended, computed as the minimum of the device's PM QoS constraint
and the PM QoS constraints of its children (reduced by the difference
between the current time and their suspend times) is stored in a new
device's PM field power.max_time_suspended_ns that can be used by
the device's subsystem or PM domain to decide whether or not to put
the device into lower-power (and presumably higher-latency) states
later (if the constraint is 0, which means "no constraint", the
power.max_time_suspended_ns is set to -1).

Additionally, the time of execution of the subsystem-level
.runtime_suspend() callback for the device is recorded in the new
power.suspend_time field for later use by the device's subsystem or
PM domain along with power.max_time_suspended_ns (it also is used
by the core code when the device's parent is suspended).

Introduce a new helper function,
pm_runtime_update_max_time_suspended(), allowing subsystems and PM
domains (or device drivers) to update the power.max_time_suspended_ns
field, for example after changing the power state of a suspended
device.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
diff --git a/drivers/base/power/qos.c b/drivers/base/power/qos.c
index 86de6c5..03f4bd0 100644
--- a/drivers/base/power/qos.c
+++ b/drivers/base/power/qos.c
@@ -47,21 +47,29 @@
 static BLOCKING_NOTIFIER_HEAD(dev_pm_notifiers);
 
 /**
- * dev_pm_qos_read_value - Get PM QoS constraint for a given device.
+ * __dev_pm_qos_read_value - Get PM QoS constraint for a given device.
+ * @dev: Device to get the PM QoS constraint value for.
+ *
+ * This routine must be called with dev->power.lock held.
+ */
+s32 __dev_pm_qos_read_value(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct pm_qos_constraints *c = dev->power.constraints;
+
+	return c ? pm_qos_read_value(c) : 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dev_pm_qos_read_value - Get PM QoS constraint for a given device (locked).
  * @dev: Device to get the PM QoS constraint value for.
  */
 s32 dev_pm_qos_read_value(struct device *dev)
 {
-	struct pm_qos_constraints *c;
 	unsigned long flags;
-	s32 ret = 0;
+	s32 ret;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->power.lock, flags);
-
-	c = dev->power.constraints;
-	if (c)
-		ret = pm_qos_read_value(c);
-
+	ret = __dev_pm_qos_read_value(dev);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->power.lock, flags);
 
 	return ret;