drivers/hid/hid-microsoft.c - kernel/msm-4.9 - Gitiles

 /*
  *  HID driver for some microsoft "special" devices
  *
  *  Copyright (c) 1999 Andreas Gal
  *  Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz>
  *  Copyright (c) 2005 Michael Haboustak <mike-@cinci.rr.com> for Concept2, Inc
  *  Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Jiri Kosina
  *  Copyright (c) 2008 Jiri Slaby
  */

 /*
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
  * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
  * any later version.
  */

 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <linux/hid.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>

 #include "hid-ids.h"

 #define MS_HIDINPUT		0x01
 #define MS_ERGONOMY		0x02
 #define MS_PRESENTER		0x04
 #define MS_RDESC		0x08
 #define MS_NOGET		0x10
 #define MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES	0x20
 #define MS_RDESC_3K		0x40

 static __u8 *ms_report_fixup(struct hid_device *hdev, __u8 *rdesc,
 		unsigned int *rsize)
 {
 	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

 	/*
 	 * Microsoft Wireless Desktop Receiver (Model 1028) has
 	 * 'Usage Min/Max' where it ought to have 'Physical Min/Max'
 	 */
 	if ((quirks & MS_RDESC) && *rsize == 571 && rdesc[557] == 0x19 &&
 			rdesc[559] == 0x29) {
 		hid_info(hdev, "fixing up Microsoft Wireless Receiver Model 1028 report descriptor\n");
 		rdesc[557] = 0x35;
 		rdesc[559] = 0x45;
 	}
 	/* the same as above (s/usage/physical/) */
 	if ((quirks & MS_RDESC_3K) && *rsize == 106 && rdesc[94] == 0x19 &&
 			rdesc[95] == 0x00 && rdesc[96] == 0x29 &&
 			rdesc[97] == 0xff) {
 		rdesc[94] = 0x35;
 		rdesc[96] = 0x45;
 	}
 	return rdesc;
 }

 #define ms_map_key_clear(c)	hid_map_usage_clear(hi, usage, bit, max, \
 					EV_KEY, (c))
 static int ms_ergonomy_kb_quirk(struct hid_input *hi, struct hid_usage *usage,
 		unsigned long **bit, int *max)
 {
 	struct input_dev *input = hi->input;

 	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) == HID_UP_CONSUMER) {
 		switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
 		/*
 		 * Microsoft uses these 2 reserved usage ids for 2 keys on
 		 * the MS office kb labelled "Office Home" and "Task Pane".
 		 */
 		case 0x29d:
 			ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PROG1);
 			return 1;
 		case 0x29e:
 			ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PROG2);
 			return 1;
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}

 	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) != HID_UP_MSVENDOR)
 		return 0;

 	switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
 	case 0xfd06: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_CHAT);	break;
 	case 0xfd07: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PHONE);	break;
 	case 0xff00:
 		/* Special keypad keys */
 		ms_map_key_clear(KEY_KPEQUAL);
 		set_bit(KEY_KPLEFTPAREN, input->keybit);
 		set_bit(KEY_KPRIGHTPAREN, input->keybit);
 		break;
 	case 0xff01:
 		/* Scroll wheel */
 		hid_map_usage_clear(hi, usage, bit, max, EV_REL, REL_WHEEL);
 		break;
 	case 0xff02:
 		/*
 		 * This byte contains a copy of the modifier keys byte of a
 		 * standard hid keyboard report, as send by interface 0
 		 * (this usage is found on interface 1).
 		 *
 		 * This byte only gets send when another key in the same report
 		 * changes state, and as such is useless, ignore it.
 		 */
 		return -1;
 	case 0xff05:
 		set_bit(EV_REP, input->evbit);
 		ms_map_key_clear(KEY_F13);
 		set_bit(KEY_F14, input->keybit);
 		set_bit(KEY_F15, input->keybit);
 		set_bit(KEY_F16, input->keybit);
 		set_bit(KEY_F17, input->keybit);
 		set_bit(KEY_F18, input->keybit);
 		break;
 	default:
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
 }

 static int ms_presenter_8k_quirk(struct hid_input *hi, struct hid_usage *usage,
 		unsigned long **bit, int *max)
 {
 	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) != HID_UP_MSVENDOR)
 		return 0;

 	set_bit(EV_REP, hi->input->evbit);
 	switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
 	case 0xfd08: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_FORWARD);	break;
 	case 0xfd09: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_BACK);	break;
 	case 0xfd0b: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PLAYPAUSE);	break;
 	case 0xfd0e: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_CLOSE);	break;
 	case 0xfd0f: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PLAY);	break;
 	default:
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
 }

 static int ms_input_mapping(struct hid_device *hdev, struct hid_input *hi,
 		struct hid_field *field, struct hid_usage *usage,
 		unsigned long **bit, int *max)
 {
 	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

 	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY) {
 		int ret = ms_ergonomy_kb_quirk(hi, usage, bit, max);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 	}

 	if ((quirks & MS_PRESENTER) &&
 			ms_presenter_8k_quirk(hi, usage, bit, max))
 		return 1;

 	return 0;
 }

 static int ms_input_mapped(struct hid_device *hdev, struct hid_input *hi,
 		struct hid_field *field, struct hid_usage *usage,
 		unsigned long **bit, int *max)
 {
 	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

 	if (quirks & MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES)
 		clear_bit(usage->code, *bit);

 	return 0;
 }

 static int ms_event(struct hid_device *hdev, struct hid_field *field,
 		struct hid_usage *usage, __s32 value)
 {
 	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);
 	struct input_dev *input;

 	if (!(hdev->claimed & HID_CLAIMED_INPUT) || !field->hidinput ||
 			!usage->type)
 		return 0;

 	input = field->hidinput->input;

 	/* Handling MS keyboards special buttons */
 	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR | 0xff00)) {
 		/* Special keypad keys */
 		input_report_key(input, KEY_KPEQUAL, value & 0x01);
 		input_report_key(input, KEY_KPLEFTPAREN, value & 0x02);
 		input_report_key(input, KEY_KPRIGHTPAREN, value & 0x04);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR | 0xff01)) {
 		/* Scroll wheel */
 		int step = ((value & 0x60) >> 5) + 1;

 		switch (value & 0x1f) {
 		case 0x01:
 			input_report_rel(input, REL_WHEEL, step);
 			break;
 		case 0x1f:
 			input_report_rel(input, REL_WHEEL, -step);
 			break;
 		}
 		return 1;
 	}

 	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR | 0xff05)) {
 		static unsigned int last_key = 0;
 		unsigned int key = 0;
 		switch (value) {
 		case 0x01: key = KEY_F14; break;
 		case 0x02: key = KEY_F15; break;
 		case 0x04: key = KEY_F16; break;
 		case 0x08: key = KEY_F17; break;
 		case 0x10: key = KEY_F18; break;
 		}
 		if (key) {
 			input_event(input, usage->type, key, 1);
 			last_key = key;
 		} else
 			input_event(input, usage->type, last_key, 0);

 		return 1;
 	}

 	return 0;
 }

 static int ms_probe(struct hid_device *hdev, const struct hid_device_id *id)
 {
 	unsigned long quirks = id->driver_data;
 	int ret;

 	hid_set_drvdata(hdev, (void *)quirks);

 	if (quirks & MS_NOGET)
 		hdev->quirks |= HID_QUIRK_NOGET;

 	ret = hid_parse(hdev);
 	if (ret) {
 		hid_err(hdev, "parse failed\n");
 		goto err_free;
 	}

 	ret = hid_hw_start(hdev, HID_CONNECT_DEFAULT | ((quirks & MS_HIDINPUT) ?
 				HID_CONNECT_HIDINPUT_FORCE : 0));
 	if (ret) {
 		hid_err(hdev, "hw start failed\n");
 		goto err_free;
 	}

 	return 0;
 err_free:
 	return ret;
 }

 static const struct hid_device_id ms_devices[] = {
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_SIDEWINDER_GV),
 		.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_OFFICE_KB),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE4K),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE4K_JP),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE7K),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_LK6K),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY | MS_RDESC },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_PRESENTER_8K_USB),
 		.driver_data = MS_PRESENTER },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_DIGITAL_MEDIA_3K),
 		.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY | MS_RDESC_3K },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_WIRELESS_OPTICAL_DESKTOP_3_0),
 		.driver_data = MS_NOGET },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_COMFORT_MOUSE_4500),
 		.driver_data = MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_TYPE_COVER_3),
 		.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_TYPE_COVER_3_JP),
 		.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
 	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_POWER_COVER),
 		.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },

 	{ HID_BLUETOOTH_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_PRESENTER_8K_BT),
 		.driver_data = MS_PRESENTER },
 	{ }
 };
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(hid, ms_devices);

 static struct hid_driver ms_driver = {
 	.name = "microsoft",
 	.id_table = ms_devices,
 	.report_fixup = ms_report_fixup,
 	.input_mapping = ms_input_mapping,
 	.input_mapped = ms_input_mapped,
 	.event = ms_event,
 	.probe = ms_probe,
 };
 module_hid_driver(ms_driver);

 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
	/*
	* HID driver for some microsoft "special" devices
	*
	* Copyright (c) 1999 Andreas Gal
	* Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz>
	* Copyright (c) 2005 Michael Haboustak <mike-@cinci.rr.com> for Concept2, Inc
	* Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Jiri Kosina
	* Copyright (c) 2008 Jiri Slaby
	*/

	/*
	* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
	* Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
	* any later version.
	*/

	#include <linux/device.h>
	#include <linux/input.h>
	#include <linux/hid.h>
	#include <linux/module.h>

	#include "hid-ids.h"

	#define MS_HIDINPUT 0x01
	#define MS_ERGONOMY 0x02
	#define MS_PRESENTER 0x04
	#define MS_RDESC 0x08
	#define MS_NOGET 0x10
	#define MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES 0x20
	#define MS_RDESC_3K 0x40

	static __u8 ms_report_fixup(struct hid_device hdev, __u8 *rdesc,
	unsigned int *rsize)
	{
	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

	/*
	* Microsoft Wireless Desktop Receiver (Model 1028) has
	* 'Usage Min/Max' where it ought to have 'Physical Min/Max'
	*/
	if ((quirks & MS_RDESC) && *rsize == 571 && rdesc[557] == 0x19 &&
	rdesc[559] == 0x29) {
	hid_info(hdev, "fixing up Microsoft Wireless Receiver Model 1028 report descriptor\n");
	rdesc[557] = 0x35;
	rdesc[559] = 0x45;
	}
	/* the same as above (s/usage/physical/) */
	if ((quirks & MS_RDESC_3K) && *rsize == 106 && rdesc[94] == 0x19 &&
	rdesc[95] == 0x00 && rdesc[96] == 0x29 &&
	rdesc[97] == 0xff) {
	rdesc[94] = 0x35;
	rdesc[96] = 0x45;
	}
	return rdesc;
	}

	#define ms_map_key_clear(c) hid_map_usage_clear(hi, usage, bit, max, \
	EV_KEY, (c))
	static int ms_ergonomy_kb_quirk(struct hid_input hi, struct hid_usage usage,
	unsigned long *bit, int max)
	{
	struct input_dev *input = hi->input;

	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) == HID_UP_CONSUMER) {
	switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
	/*
	* Microsoft uses these 2 reserved usage ids for 2 keys on
	* the MS office kb labelled "Office Home" and "Task Pane".
	*/
	case 0x29d:
	ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PROG1);
	return 1;
	case 0x29e:
	ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PROG2);
	return 1;
	}
	return 0;
	}

	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) != HID_UP_MSVENDOR)
	return 0;

	switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
	case 0xfd06: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_CHAT); break;
	case 0xfd07: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PHONE); break;
	case 0xff00:
	/* Special keypad keys */
	ms_map_key_clear(KEY_KPEQUAL);
	set_bit(KEY_KPLEFTPAREN, input->keybit);
	set_bit(KEY_KPRIGHTPAREN, input->keybit);
	break;
	case 0xff01:
	/* Scroll wheel */
	hid_map_usage_clear(hi, usage, bit, max, EV_REL, REL_WHEEL);
	break;
	case 0xff02:
	/*
	* This byte contains a copy of the modifier keys byte of a
	* standard hid keyboard report, as send by interface 0
	* (this usage is found on interface 1).
	*
	* This byte only gets send when another key in the same report
	* changes state, and as such is useless, ignore it.
	*/
	return -1;
	case 0xff05:
	set_bit(EV_REP, input->evbit);
	ms_map_key_clear(KEY_F13);
	set_bit(KEY_F14, input->keybit);
	set_bit(KEY_F15, input->keybit);
	set_bit(KEY_F16, input->keybit);
	set_bit(KEY_F17, input->keybit);
	set_bit(KEY_F18, input->keybit);
	break;
	default:
	return 0;
	}
	return 1;
	}

	static int ms_presenter_8k_quirk(struct hid_input hi, struct hid_usage usage,
	unsigned long *bit, int max)
	{
	if ((usage->hid & HID_USAGE_PAGE) != HID_UP_MSVENDOR)
	return 0;

	set_bit(EV_REP, hi->input->evbit);
	switch (usage->hid & HID_USAGE) {
	case 0xfd08: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_FORWARD); break;
	case 0xfd09: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_BACK); break;
	case 0xfd0b: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PLAYPAUSE); break;
	case 0xfd0e: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_CLOSE); break;
	case 0xfd0f: ms_map_key_clear(KEY_PLAY); break;
	default:
	return 0;
	}
	return 1;
	}

	static int ms_input_mapping(struct hid_device hdev, struct hid_input hi,
	struct hid_field field, struct hid_usage usage,
	unsigned long *bit, int max)
	{
	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY) {
	int ret = ms_ergonomy_kb_quirk(hi, usage, bit, max);
	if (ret)
	return ret;
	}

	if ((quirks & MS_PRESENTER) &&
	ms_presenter_8k_quirk(hi, usage, bit, max))
	return 1;

	return 0;
	}

	static int ms_input_mapped(struct hid_device hdev, struct hid_input hi,
	struct hid_field field, struct hid_usage usage,
	unsigned long *bit, int max)
	{
	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);

	if (quirks & MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES)
	clear_bit(usage->code, *bit);

	return 0;
	}

	static int ms_event(struct hid_device hdev, struct hid_field field,
	struct hid_usage *usage, __s32 value)
	{
	unsigned long quirks = (unsigned long)hid_get_drvdata(hdev);
	struct input_dev *input;

	if (!(hdev->claimed & HID_CLAIMED_INPUT) \|\| !field->hidinput \|\|
	!usage->type)
	return 0;

	input = field->hidinput->input;

	/* Handling MS keyboards special buttons */
	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR \| 0xff00)) {
	/* Special keypad keys */
	input_report_key(input, KEY_KPEQUAL, value & 0x01);
	input_report_key(input, KEY_KPLEFTPAREN, value & 0x02);
	input_report_key(input, KEY_KPRIGHTPAREN, value & 0x04);
	return 1;
	}

	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR \| 0xff01)) {
	/* Scroll wheel */
	int step = ((value & 0x60) >> 5) + 1;

	switch (value & 0x1f) {
	case 0x01:
	input_report_rel(input, REL_WHEEL, step);
	break;
	case 0x1f:
	input_report_rel(input, REL_WHEEL, -step);
	break;
	}
	return 1;
	}

	if (quirks & MS_ERGONOMY && usage->hid == (HID_UP_MSVENDOR \| 0xff05)) {
	static unsigned int last_key = 0;
	unsigned int key = 0;
	switch (value) {
	case 0x01: key = KEY_F14; break;
	case 0x02: key = KEY_F15; break;
	case 0x04: key = KEY_F16; break;
	case 0x08: key = KEY_F17; break;
	case 0x10: key = KEY_F18; break;
	}
	if (key) {
	input_event(input, usage->type, key, 1);
	last_key = key;
	} else
	input_event(input, usage->type, last_key, 0);

	return 1;
	}

	return 0;
	}

	static int ms_probe(struct hid_device hdev, const struct hid_device_id id)
	{
	unsigned long quirks = id->driver_data;
	int ret;

	hid_set_drvdata(hdev, (void *)quirks);

	if (quirks & MS_NOGET)
	hdev->quirks \|= HID_QUIRK_NOGET;

	ret = hid_parse(hdev);
	if (ret) {
	hid_err(hdev, "parse failed\n");
	goto err_free;
	}

	ret = hid_hw_start(hdev, HID_CONNECT_DEFAULT \| ((quirks & MS_HIDINPUT) ?
	HID_CONNECT_HIDINPUT_FORCE : 0));
	if (ret) {
	hid_err(hdev, "hw start failed\n");
	goto err_free;
	}

	return 0;
	err_free:
	return ret;
	}

	static const struct hid_device_id ms_devices[] = {
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_SIDEWINDER_GV),
	.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_OFFICE_KB),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE4K),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE4K_JP),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_NE7K),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_LK6K),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY \| MS_RDESC },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_PRESENTER_8K_USB),
	.driver_data = MS_PRESENTER },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_DIGITAL_MEDIA_3K),
	.driver_data = MS_ERGONOMY \| MS_RDESC_3K },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_WIRELESS_OPTICAL_DESKTOP_3_0),
	.driver_data = MS_NOGET },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_COMFORT_MOUSE_4500),
	.driver_data = MS_DUPLICATE_USAGES },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_TYPE_COVER_3),
	.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_TYPE_COVER_3_JP),
	.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },
	{ HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_POWER_COVER),
	.driver_data = MS_HIDINPUT },

	{ HID_BLUETOOTH_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_MICROSOFT, USB_DEVICE_ID_MS_PRESENTER_8K_BT),
	.driver_data = MS_PRESENTER },
	{ }
	};
	MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(hid, ms_devices);

	static struct hid_driver ms_driver = {
	.name = "microsoft",
	.id_table = ms_devices,
	.report_fixup = ms_report_fixup,
	.input_mapping = ms_input_mapping,
	.input_mapped = ms_input_mapped,
	.event = ms_event,
	.probe = ms_probe,
	};
	module_hid_driver(ms_driver);

	MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");