diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848_lib.c b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848_lib.c
index 8fb3db1..bc642dc 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848_lib.c
@@ -1196,6 +1196,7 @@
 			.put = snd_ad1848_put_double,
 		},
 		[AD1848_MIX_CAPTURE] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 			.info = snd_ad1848_info_mux,
 			.get = snd_ad1848_get_mux,
 			.put = snd_ad1848_put_mux,
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
index a6a0fa5..a99e642 100644
--- a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@
 }
 
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_sb16_dma_control = {
-	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
 	.name = "16-bit DMA Allocation",
 	.info = snd_sb16_dma_control_info,
 	.get = snd_sb16_dma_control_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/cmipci.c b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
index f5a4ac1..b098b51 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cmipci.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cmipci.c
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_cmipci_spdif_mask __devinitdata =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,CON_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_cmipci_spdif_mask_info,
 	.get =		snd_cmipci_spdif_mask_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
index db212ec..b9fff4e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 		return err;
 	}
 #endif
-	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+	if ((err = snd_cs46xx_mixer(chip, 2)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
index ff28af1..1546aec 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs46xx/cs46xx_lib.c
@@ -2440,7 +2440,7 @@
 	return -ENXIO;
 }
 
-int __devinit snd_cs46xx_mixer(cs46xx_t *chip)
+int __devinit snd_cs46xx_mixer(cs46xx_t *chip, int spdif_device)
 {
 	snd_card_t *card = chip->card;
 	snd_ctl_elem_id_t id;
@@ -2476,6 +2476,8 @@
 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs46xx_controls); idx++) {
 		snd_kcontrol_t *kctl;
 		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs46xx_controls[idx], chip);
+		if (kctl && kctl->id.iface == SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM)
+			kctl->id.device = spdif_device;
 		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)) < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
index b17142c..fc377c4 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emu10k1.c
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu)) < 0) {
+	if ((err = snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu, 0, 3)) < 0) {
 		snd_card_free(card);
 		return err;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
index 6be82c5..279edae 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emumixer.c
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_emu10k1_send_routing_control =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
-	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         "EMU10K1 PCM Send Routing",
 	.count =	32,
 	.info =         snd_emu10k1_send_routing_info,
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_emu10k1_send_volume_control =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
-	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         "EMU10K1 PCM Send Volume",
 	.count =	32,
 	.info =         snd_emu10k1_send_volume_info,
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_emu10k1_attn_control =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
-	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         "EMU10K1 PCM Volume",
 	.count =	32,
 	.info =         snd_emu10k1_attn_info,
@@ -737,7 +737,8 @@
 	return -ENOENT;
 }
 
-int __devinit snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu10k1_t *emu)
+int __devinit snd_emu10k1_mixer(emu10k1_t *emu,
+				int pcm_device, int multi_device)
 {
 	int err, pcm;
 	snd_kcontrol_t *kctl;
@@ -852,29 +853,35 @@
 
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_routing_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_send_volume_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_attn_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = pcm_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_routing = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_routing_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 	
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_send_volume = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_send_volume_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 	
 	if ((kctl = emu->ctl_efx_attn = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_efx_attn_control, emu)) == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = multi_device;
 	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl)))
 		return err;
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
index 520b99a..9c35f6d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/emupcm.c
@@ -1682,6 +1682,7 @@
 int __devinit snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx(emu10k1_t * emu, int device, snd_pcm_t ** rpcm)
 {
 	snd_pcm_t *pcm;
+	snd_kcontrol_t *kctl;
 	int err;
 
 	if (rpcm)
@@ -1714,7 +1715,11 @@
 		emu->efx_voices_mask[0] = 0xffff0000;
 		emu->efx_voices_mask[1] = 0;
 	}
-	snd_ctl_add(emu->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask, emu));
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_emu10k1_pcm_efx_voices_mask, emu);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.device = device;
+	snd_ctl_add(emu->card, kctl);
 
 	snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_pci_data(emu->pci), 64*1024, 64*1024);
 
diff --git a/sound/pci/ens1370.c b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
index 78a81f3..0c64e65 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ens1370.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ens1370.c
@@ -1446,7 +1446,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_es1371_mixer_spdif[] __devinitdata = {
 	ES1371_SPDIF("IEC958 Playback Switch"),
 	{
-		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 		.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,DEFAULT),
 		.info =		snd_ens1373_spdif_info,
 		.get =		snd_ens1373_spdif_default_get,
@@ -1454,13 +1454,13 @@
 	},
 	{
 		.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 		.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,MASK),
 		.info =		snd_ens1373_spdif_info,
 		.get =		snd_ens1373_spdif_mask_get
 	},
 	{
-		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+		.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 		.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PCM_STREAM),
 		.info =		snd_ens1373_spdif_info,
 		.get =		snd_ens1373_spdif_stream_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
index eb20f73..39fbe66 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/delta.c
@@ -618,15 +618,15 @@
  */
 
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_delta1010_wordclock_select __devinitdata =
-ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, "Word Clock Sync", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_WORD_CLOCK_SELECT, 1, 0);
+ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, "Word Clock Sync", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_WORD_CLOCK_SELECT, 1, 0);
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_delta1010lt_wordclock_select __devinitdata =
-ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, "Word Clock Sync", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_1010LT_WORDCLOCK, 1, 0);
+ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, "Word Clock Sync", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_1010LT_WORDCLOCK, 1, 0);
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_delta1010_wordclock_status __devinitdata =
-ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, "Word Clock Status", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_WORD_CLOCK_STATUS, 1, SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE);
+ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, "Word Clock Status", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_WORD_CLOCK_STATUS, 1, SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE);
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_deltadio2496_spdif_in_select __devinitdata =
-ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, "IEC958 Input Optical", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_SPDIF_INPUT_SELECT, 0, 0);
+ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, "IEC958 Input Optical", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_SPDIF_INPUT_SELECT, 0, 0);
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_delta_spdif_in_status __devinitdata =
-ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, "Delta IEC958 Input Status", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_SPDIF_IN_STAT, 1, SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE);
+ICE1712_GPIO(SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, "Delta IEC958 Input Status", 0, ICE1712_DELTA_SPDIF_IN_STAT, 1, SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE);
 
 
 static int __devinit snd_ice1712_delta_add_controls(ice1712_t *ice)
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
index a2545a5..d51c72b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1712.c
@@ -1715,7 +1715,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_spdif_maskc __devinitdata =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,CON_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_ice1712_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_ice1712_spdif_maskc_get,
@@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_ice1712_spdif_maskp __devinitdata =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PRO_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_ice1712_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_ice1712_spdif_maskp_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
index 79b5f12..e819b9f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ice1712/ice1724.c
@@ -1414,7 +1414,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_vt1724_spdif_maskc __devinitdata =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,CON_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_vt1724_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_vt1724_spdif_maskc_get,
@@ -1423,7 +1423,7 @@
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_vt1724_spdif_maskp __devinitdata =
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =         SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PRO_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_vt1724_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_vt1724_spdif_maskp_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
index 79d8eda..d2aa9c8 100644
--- a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
+++ b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
@@ -2067,7 +2067,7 @@
         },                                                                                      \
         {											\
                 .access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE,	\
-                .iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,					\
+                .iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,					\
                 .name =		c_name " Monitor Phase Invert",					\
                 .info =		snd_korg1212_control_phase_info,				\
                 .get =		snd_korg1212_control_phase_get,					\
@@ -2082,7 +2082,7 @@
         MON_MIXER(4, "ADAT-5"), MON_MIXER(5, "ADAT-6"), MON_MIXER(6, "ADAT-7"), MON_MIXER(7, "ADAT-8"),
 	{
                 .access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE,
-                .iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+                .iface =        SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
                 .name =		"Sync Source",
                 .info =		snd_korg1212_control_sync_info,
                 .get =		snd_korg1212_control_sync_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme32.c b/sound/pci/rme32.c
index b7b554d..456be39 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme32.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme32.c
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@
 	},
 	{
 		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 		.name =	SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, CON_MASK),
 		.info =	snd_rme32_control_spdif_mask_info,
 		.get =	snd_rme32_control_spdif_mask_get,
@@ -1908,7 +1908,7 @@
 	},
 	{
 		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 		.name =	SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, PRO_MASK),
 		.info =	snd_rme32_control_spdif_mask_info,
 		.get =	snd_rme32_control_spdif_mask_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme96.c b/sound/pci/rme96.c
index 10c4f45..9645e90 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme96.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme96.c
@@ -2266,7 +2266,7 @@
 },
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,CON_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_rme96_control_spdif_mask_info,
 	.get =		snd_rme96_control_spdif_mask_get,
@@ -2276,7 +2276,7 @@
 },
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PRO_MASK),
 	.info =		snd_rme96_control_spdif_mask_info,
 	.get =		snd_rme96_control_spdif_mask_get,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
index 796621d..60eef84 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdsp.c
@@ -1524,7 +1524,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_IN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,  \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_spdif_in, \
@@ -1584,7 +1584,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_OUT(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_spdif_bits, \
   .get = snd_hdsp_get_spdif_out, .put = snd_hdsp_put_spdif_out }
 
@@ -1638,7 +1638,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_PROFESSIONAL(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_spdif_bits, \
   .get = snd_hdsp_get_spdif_professional, .put = snd_hdsp_put_spdif_professional }
 
@@ -1683,7 +1683,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_EMPHASIS(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_spdif_bits, \
   .get = snd_hdsp_get_spdif_emphasis, .put = snd_hdsp_put_spdif_emphasis }
 
@@ -1728,7 +1728,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_NON_AUDIO(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_spdif_bits, \
   .get = snd_hdsp_get_spdif_nonaudio, .put = snd_hdsp_put_spdif_nonaudio }
 
@@ -1773,7 +1773,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_SAMPLE_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1834,7 +1834,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SYSTEM_SAMPLE_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1858,7 +1858,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_AUTOSYNC_SAMPLE_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1918,7 +1918,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SYSTEM_CLOCK_MODE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1958,7 +1958,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_CLOCK_SOURCE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_clock_source, \
@@ -2124,7 +2124,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_DA_GAIN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_da_gain, \
@@ -2210,7 +2210,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_AD_GAIN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_ad_gain, \
@@ -2296,7 +2296,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_PHONE_GAIN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_phone_gain, \
@@ -2382,7 +2382,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_XLR_BREAKOUT_CABLE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_xlr_breakout_cable, \
@@ -2447,7 +2447,7 @@
    Switching this on desactivates external ADAT
 */
 #define HDSP_AEB(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_aeb, \
@@ -2508,7 +2508,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_PREF_SYNC_REF(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_pref_sync_ref, \
@@ -2641,7 +2641,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_AUTOSYNC_REF(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -2697,7 +2697,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_LINE_OUT(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_line_out, \
@@ -2757,7 +2757,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_PRECISE_POINTER(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_precise_pointer, \
@@ -2811,7 +2811,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_USE_MIDI_TASKLET(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_use_midi_tasklet, \
@@ -2868,6 +2868,7 @@
 { .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
+  .device = 0, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | \
 		 SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_mixer, \
@@ -2939,7 +2940,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_WC_SYNC_CHECK(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
@@ -2983,7 +2984,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_SPDIF_SYNC_CHECK(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
@@ -3015,7 +3016,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_ADATSYNC_SYNC_CHECK(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
@@ -3046,7 +3047,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSP_ADAT_SYNC_CHECK \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_hdsp_info_sync_check, \
   .get = snd_hdsp_get_adat_sync_check \
@@ -3103,7 +3104,7 @@
 
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_hdsp_controls[] = {
 {
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,DEFAULT),
 	.info =		snd_hdsp_control_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_hdsp_control_spdif_get,
@@ -3111,7 +3112,7 @@
 },
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PCM_STREAM),
 	.info =		snd_hdsp_control_spdif_stream_info,
 	.get =		snd_hdsp_control_spdif_stream_get,
@@ -3146,8 +3147,6 @@
 /* 'Sample Clock Source' complies with the alsa control naming scheme */ 
 HDSP_CLOCK_SOURCE("Sample Clock Source", 0),
 {
-	/* FIXME: should be PCM or MIXER? */
-	/* .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, */
 	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name = "Sample Clock Source Locking",
 	.info = snd_hdsp_info_clock_source_lock,
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
index 9e86d0e..f6daec4 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/hdspm.c
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@
 /* get the system sample rate which is set */
 
 #define HDSPM_SYSTEM_SAMPLE_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_AUTOSYNC_SAMPLE_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_SYSTEM_CLOCK_MODE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1310,7 +1310,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_CLOCK_SOURCE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_clock_source, \
@@ -1457,7 +1457,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_PREF_SYNC_REF(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_pref_sync_ref, \
@@ -1547,7 +1547,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_AUTOSYNC_REF(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ, \
@@ -1604,7 +1604,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_LINE_OUT(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_line_out, \
@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_TX_64(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_tx_64, \
@@ -1731,7 +1731,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_C_TMS(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_c_tms, \
@@ -1794,7 +1794,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_SAFE_MODE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_safe_mode, \
@@ -1857,7 +1857,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_INPUT_SELECT(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_input_select, \
@@ -1941,6 +1941,7 @@
 { .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
+  .device = 0, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | \
 		 SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_hdspm_info_mixer, \
@@ -2124,7 +2125,7 @@
 }
 
 #define HDSPM_WC_SYNC_CHECK(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
@@ -2170,7 +2171,7 @@
 
 
 #define HDSPM_MADI_SYNC_CHECK(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_HWDEP, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
   .name = xname, \
   .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
index 1bc9d0d..6e3a91d 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme9652/rme9652.c
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_ADAT1_IN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_adat1_in, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_adat1_in, \
   .put = snd_rme9652_put_adat1_in }
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_SPDIF_IN(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_spdif_in, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_spdif_in, .put = snd_rme9652_put_spdif_in }
 
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_SPDIF_OUT(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_spdif_out, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_spdif_out, .put = snd_rme9652_put_spdif_out }
 
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_SYNC_MODE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_sync_mode, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_sync_mode, .put = snd_rme9652_put_sync_mode }
 
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_SYNC_PREF(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_sync_pref, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_sync_pref, .put = snd_rme9652_put_sync_pref }
 
@@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_PASSTHRU(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_passthru, \
   .put = snd_rme9652_put_passthru, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_passthru }
@@ -1386,7 +1386,7 @@
 /* Read-only switches */
 
 #define RME9652_SPDIF_RATE(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_spdif_rate, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_spdif_rate }
@@ -1411,7 +1411,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_ADAT_SYNC(xname, xindex, xidx) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_adat_sync, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_adat_sync, .private_value = xidx }
@@ -1447,7 +1447,7 @@
 }
 
 #define RME9652_TC_VALID(xname, xindex) \
-{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
   .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_VOLATILE, \
   .info = snd_rme9652_info_tc_valid, \
   .get = snd_rme9652_get_tc_valid }
@@ -1529,7 +1529,7 @@
 
 static snd_kcontrol_new_t snd_rme9652_controls[] = {
 {
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,DEFAULT),
 	.info =		snd_rme9652_control_spdif_info,
 	.get =		snd_rme9652_control_spdif_get,
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@
 },
 {
 	.access =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
-	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface =	SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name =		SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("",PLAYBACK,PCM_STREAM),
 	.info =		snd_rme9652_control_spdif_stream_info,
 	.get =		snd_rme9652_control_spdif_stream_get,
@@ -1568,7 +1568,7 @@
 RME9652_SYNC_MODE("Sync Mode", 0),
 RME9652_SYNC_PREF("Preferred Sync Source", 0),
 {
-	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
 	.name = "Channels Thru",
 	.index = 0,
 	.info = snd_rme9652_info_thru,