.. -*- coding: utf-8; mode: rst -*-

.. _buffer:

*******
Buffers
*******

A buffer contains data exchanged by application and driver using one of
the Streaming I/O methods. In the multi-planar API, the data is held in
planes, while the buffer structure acts as a container for the planes.
Only pointers to buffers (planes) are exchanged, the data itself is not
copied. These pointers, together with meta-information like timestamps
or field parity, are stored in a struct :c:type:`struct v4l2_buffer`,
argument to the :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF <vidioc-querybuf>`,
:ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` and
:ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` ioctl. In the multi-planar API,
some plane-specific members of struct :c:type:`struct v4l2_buffer`,
such as pointers and sizes for each plane, are stored in struct
:c:type:`struct v4l2_plane` instead. In that case, struct
:c:type:`struct v4l2_buffer` contains an array of plane structures.

Dequeued video buffers come with timestamps. The driver decides at which
part of the frame and with which clock the timestamp is taken. Please
see flags in the masks ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_MASK`` and
``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TSTAMP_SRC_MASK`` in :ref:`buffer-flags`. These flags
are always valid and constant across all buffers during the whole video
stream. Changes in these flags may take place as a side effect of
:ref:`VIDIOC_S_INPUT <vidioc-g-input>` or
:ref:`VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT <vidioc-g-output>` however. The
``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_COPY`` timestamp type which is used by e.g. on
mem-to-mem devices is an exception to the rule: the timestamp source
flags are copied from the OUTPUT video buffer to the CAPTURE video
buffer.


.. _v4l2-buffer:

.. flat-table:: struct v4l2_buffer
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       1 1 1 2


    -  .. row 1

       -  __u32

       -  ``index``

       -  
       -  Number of the buffer, set by the application except when calling
          :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>`, then it is set by the
          driver. This field can range from zero to the number of buffers
          allocated with the :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <vidioc-reqbufs>` ioctl
          (struct :ref:`v4l2_requestbuffers <v4l2-requestbuffers>`
          ``count``), plus any buffers allocated with
          :ref:`VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS <vidioc-create-bufs>` minus one.

    -  .. row 2

       -  __u32

       -  ``type``

       -  
       -  Type of the buffer, same as struct
          :ref:`v4l2_format <v4l2-format>` ``type`` or struct
          :ref:`v4l2_requestbuffers <v4l2-requestbuffers>` ``type``, set
          by the application. See :ref:`v4l2-buf-type`

    -  .. row 3

       -  __u32

       -  ``bytesused``

       -  
       -  The number of bytes occupied by the data in the buffer. It depends
          on the negotiated data format and may change with each buffer for
          compressed variable size data like JPEG images. Drivers must set
          this field when ``type`` refers to a capture stream, applications
          when it refers to an output stream. If the application sets this
          to 0 for an output stream, then ``bytesused`` will be set to the
          size of the buffer (see the ``length`` field of this struct) by
          the driver. For multiplanar formats this field is ignored and the
          ``planes`` pointer is used instead.

    -  .. row 4

       -  __u32

       -  ``flags``

       -  
       -  Flags set by the application or driver, see :ref:`buffer-flags`.

    -  .. row 5

       -  __u32

       -  ``field``

       -  
       -  Indicates the field order of the image in the buffer, see
          :ref:`v4l2-field`. This field is not used when the buffer
          contains VBI data. Drivers must set it when ``type`` refers to a
          capture stream, applications when it refers to an output stream.

    -  .. row 6

       -  struct timeval

       -  ``timestamp``

       -  
       -  For capture streams this is time when the first data byte was
          captured, as returned by the :c:func:`clock_gettime()` function
          for the relevant clock id; see ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_*`` in
          :ref:`buffer-flags`. For output streams the driver stores the
          time at which the last data byte was actually sent out in the
          ``timestamp`` field. This permits applications to monitor the
          drift between the video and system clock. For output streams that
          use ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_COPY`` the application has to fill
          in the timestamp which will be copied by the driver to the capture
          stream.

    -  .. row 7

       -  struct :ref:`v4l2_timecode <v4l2-timecode>`

       -  ``timecode``

       -  
       -  When ``type`` is ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE`` and the
          ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE`` flag is set in ``flags``, this
          structure contains a frame timecode. In
          :ref:`V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE <v4l2-field>` mode the top and
          bottom field contain the same timecode. Timecodes are intended to
          help video editing and are typically recorded on video tapes, but
          also embedded in compressed formats like MPEG. This field is
          independent of the ``timestamp`` and ``sequence`` fields.

    -  .. row 8

       -  __u32

       -  ``sequence``

       -  
       -  Set by the driver, counting the frames (not fields!) in sequence.
          This field is set for both input and output devices.

    -  .. row 9

       -  :cspan:`3`

          In :ref:`V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE <v4l2-field>` mode the top and
          bottom field have the same sequence number. The count starts at
          zero and includes dropped or repeated frames. A dropped frame was
          received by an input device but could not be stored due to lack of
          free buffer space. A repeated frame was displayed again by an
          output device because the application did not pass new data in
          time.

          Note this may count the frames received e.g. over USB, without
          taking into account the frames dropped by the remote hardware due
          to limited compression throughput or bus bandwidth. These devices
          identify by not enumerating any video standards, see
          :ref:`standard`.

    -  .. row 10

       -  __u32

       -  ``memory``

       -  
       -  This field must be set by applications and/or drivers in
          accordance with the selected I/O method. See :ref:`v4l2-memory`

    -  .. row 11

       -  union

       -  ``m``

    -  .. row 12

       -  
       -  __u32

       -  ``offset``

       -  For the single-planar API and when ``memory`` is
          ``V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP`` this is the offset of the buffer from the
          start of the device memory. The value is returned by the driver
          and apart of serving as parameter to the
          :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function not useful for applications.
          See :ref:`mmap` for details

    -  .. row 13

       -  
       -  unsigned long

       -  ``userptr``

       -  For the single-planar API and when ``memory`` is
          ``V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR`` this is a pointer to the buffer (casted to
          unsigned long type) in virtual memory, set by the application. See
          :ref:`userp` for details.

    -  .. row 14

       -  
       -  struct v4l2_plane

       -  ``*planes``

       -  When using the multi-planar API, contains a userspace pointer to
          an array of struct :ref:`v4l2_plane <v4l2-plane>`. The size of
          the array should be put in the ``length`` field of this
          :c:type:`struct v4l2_buffer` structure.

    -  .. row 15

       -  
       -  int

       -  ``fd``

       -  For the single-plane API and when ``memory`` is
          ``V4L2_MEMORY_DMABUF`` this is the file descriptor associated with
          a DMABUF buffer.

    -  .. row 16

       -  __u32

       -  ``length``

       -  
       -  Size of the buffer (not the payload) in bytes for the
          single-planar API. This is set by the driver based on the calls to
          :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <vidioc-reqbufs>` and/or
          :ref:`VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS <vidioc-create-bufs>`. For the
          multi-planar API the application sets this to the number of
          elements in the ``planes`` array. The driver will fill in the
          actual number of valid elements in that array.

    -  .. row 17

       -  __u32

       -  ``reserved2``

       -  
       -  A place holder for future extensions. Drivers and applications
          must set this to 0.

    -  .. row 18

       -  __u32

       -  ``reserved``

       -  
       -  A place holder for future extensions. Drivers and applications
          must set this to 0.


.. _v4l2-plane:

.. flat-table:: struct v4l2_plane
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       1 1 1 2


    -  .. row 1

       -  __u32

       -  ``bytesused``

       -  
       -  The number of bytes occupied by data in the plane (its payload).
          Drivers must set this field when ``type`` refers to a capture
          stream, applications when it refers to an output stream. If the
          application sets this to 0 for an output stream, then
          ``bytesused`` will be set to the size of the plane (see the
          ``length`` field of this struct) by the driver. Note that the
          actual image data starts at ``data_offset`` which may not be 0.

    -  .. row 2

       -  __u32

       -  ``length``

       -  
       -  Size in bytes of the plane (not its payload). This is set by the
          driver based on the calls to
          :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <vidioc-reqbufs>` and/or
          :ref:`VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS <vidioc-create-bufs>`.

    -  .. row 3

       -  union

       -  ``m``

       -  
       -  

    -  .. row 4

       -  
       -  __u32

       -  ``mem_offset``

       -  When the memory type in the containing struct
          :ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>` is ``V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP``, this
          is the value that should be passed to :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>`,
          similar to the ``offset`` field in struct
          :ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>`.

    -  .. row 5

       -  
       -  unsigned long

       -  ``userptr``

       -  When the memory type in the containing struct
          :ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>` is ``V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR``,
          this is a userspace pointer to the memory allocated for this plane
          by an application.

    -  .. row 6

       -  
       -  int

       -  ``fd``

       -  When the memory type in the containing struct
          :ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>` is ``V4L2_MEMORY_DMABUF``,
          this is a file descriptor associated with a DMABUF buffer, similar
          to the ``fd`` field in struct :ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>`.

    -  .. row 7

       -  __u32

       -  ``data_offset``

       -  
       -  Offset in bytes to video data in the plane. Drivers must set this
          field when ``type`` refers to a capture stream, applications when
          it refers to an output stream. Note that data_offset is included
          in ``bytesused``. So the size of the image in the plane is
          ``bytesused``-``data_offset`` at offset ``data_offset`` from the
          start of the plane.

    -  .. row 8

       -  __u32

       -  ``reserved[11]``

       -  
       -  Reserved for future use. Should be zeroed by drivers and
          applications.


.. _v4l2-buf-type:

.. flat-table:: enum v4l2_buf_type
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       3 1 4


    -  .. row 1

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE``

       -  1

       -  Buffer of a single-planar video capture stream, see
          :ref:`capture`.

    -  .. row 2

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE``

       -  9

       -  Buffer of a multi-planar video capture stream, see
          :ref:`capture`.

    -  .. row 3

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT``

       -  2

       -  Buffer of a single-planar video output stream, see
          :ref:`output`.

    -  .. row 4

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE``

       -  10

       -  Buffer of a multi-planar video output stream, see :ref:`output`.

    -  .. row 5

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY``

       -  3

       -  Buffer for video overlay, see :ref:`overlay`.

    -  .. row 6

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE``

       -  4

       -  Buffer of a raw VBI capture stream, see :ref:`raw-vbi`.

    -  .. row 7

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT``

       -  5

       -  Buffer of a raw VBI output stream, see :ref:`raw-vbi`.

    -  .. row 8

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE``

       -  6

       -  Buffer of a sliced VBI capture stream, see :ref:`sliced`.

    -  .. row 9

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT``

       -  7

       -  Buffer of a sliced VBI output stream, see :ref:`sliced`.

    -  .. row 10

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY``

       -  8

       -  Buffer for video output overlay (OSD), see :ref:`osd`.

    -  .. row 11

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SDR_CAPTURE``

       -  11

       -  Buffer for Software Defined Radio (SDR) capture stream, see
          :ref:`sdr`.

    -  .. row 12

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SDR_OUTPUT``

       -  12

       -  Buffer for Software Defined Radio (SDR) output stream, see
          :ref:`sdr`.


.. _buffer-flags:

.. flat-table:: Buffer Flags
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       3 1 4


    -  .. row 1

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_MAPPED``

       -  0x00000001

       -  The buffer resides in device memory and has been mapped into the
          application's address space, see :ref:`mmap` for details.
          Drivers set or clear this flag when the
          :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF <vidioc-querybuf>`,
          :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` or
          :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` ioctl is called. Set by the
          driver.

    -  .. row 2

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED``

       -  0x00000002

       -  Internally drivers maintain two buffer queues, an incoming and
          outgoing queue. When this flag is set, the buffer is currently on
          the incoming queue. It automatically moves to the outgoing queue
          after the buffer has been filled (capture devices) or displayed
          (output devices). Drivers set or clear this flag when the
          ``VIDIOC_QUERYBUF`` ioctl is called. After (successful) calling
          the ``VIDIOC_QBUF``\ ioctl it is always set and after
          ``VIDIOC_DQBUF`` always cleared.

    -  .. row 3

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE``

       -  0x00000004

       -  When this flag is set, the buffer is currently on the outgoing
          queue, ready to be dequeued from the driver. Drivers set or clear
          this flag when the ``VIDIOC_QUERYBUF`` ioctl is called. After
          calling the ``VIDIOC_QBUF`` or ``VIDIOC_DQBUF`` it is always
          cleared. Of course a buffer cannot be on both queues at the same
          time, the ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_QUEUED`` and ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_DONE`` flag
          are mutually exclusive. They can be both cleared however, then the
          buffer is in "dequeued" state, in the application domain so to
          say.

    -  .. row 4

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_ERROR``

       -  0x00000040

       -  When this flag is set, the buffer has been dequeued successfully,
          although the data might have been corrupted. This is recoverable,
          streaming may continue as normal and the buffer may be reused
          normally. Drivers set this flag when the ``VIDIOC_DQBUF`` ioctl is
          called.

    -  .. row 5

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME``

       -  0x00000008

       -  Drivers set or clear this flag when calling the ``VIDIOC_DQBUF``
          ioctl. It may be set by video capture devices when the buffer
          contains a compressed image which is a key frame (or field), i. e.
          can be decompressed on its own. Also known as an I-frame.
          Applications can set this bit when ``type`` refers to an output
          stream.

    -  .. row 6

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PFRAME``

       -  0x00000010

       -  Similar to ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME`` this flags predicted frames
          or fields which contain only differences to a previous key frame.
          Applications can set this bit when ``type`` refers to an output
          stream.

    -  .. row 7

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_BFRAME``

       -  0x00000020

       -  Similar to ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_KEYFRAME`` this flags a bi-directional
          predicted frame or field which contains only the differences
          between the current frame and both the preceding and following key
          frames to specify its content. Applications can set this bit when
          ``type`` refers to an output stream.

    -  .. row 8

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMECODE``

       -  0x00000100

       -  The ``timecode`` field is valid. Drivers set or clear this flag
          when the ``VIDIOC_DQBUF`` ioctl is called. Applications can set
          this bit and the corresponding ``timecode`` structure when
          ``type`` refers to an output stream.

    -  .. row 9

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_PREPARED``

       -  0x00000400

       -  The buffer has been prepared for I/O and can be queued by the
          application. Drivers set or clear this flag when the
          :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF <vidioc-querybuf>`,
          :ref:`VIDIOC_PREPARE_BUF <vidioc-qbuf>`,
          :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` or
          :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` ioctl is called.

    -  .. row 10

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_NO_CACHE_INVALIDATE``

       -  0x00000800

       -  Caches do not have to be invalidated for this buffer. Typically
          applications shall use this flag if the data captured in the
          buffer is not going to be touched by the CPU, instead the buffer
          will, probably, be passed on to a DMA-capable hardware unit for
          further processing or output.

    -  .. row 11

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_NO_CACHE_CLEAN``

       -  0x00001000

       -  Caches do not have to be cleaned for this buffer. Typically
          applications shall use this flag for output buffers if the data in
          this buffer has not been created by the CPU but by some
          DMA-capable unit, in which case caches have not been used.

    -  .. row 12

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_LAST``

       -  0x00100000

       -  Last buffer produced by the hardware. mem2mem codec drivers set
          this flag on the capture queue for the last buffer when the
          :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF <vidioc-querybuf>` or
          :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` ioctl is called. Due to
          hardware limitations, the last buffer may be empty. In this case
          the driver will set the ``bytesused`` field to 0, regardless of
          the format. Any Any subsequent call to the
          :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <vidioc-qbuf>` ioctl will not block anymore,
          but return an EPIPE error code.

    -  .. row 13

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_MASK``

       -  0x0000e000

       -  Mask for timestamp types below. To test the timestamp type, mask
          out bits not belonging to timestamp type by performing a logical
          and operation with buffer flags and timestamp mask.

    -  .. row 14

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_UNKNOWN``

       -  0x00000000

       -  Unknown timestamp type. This type is used by drivers before Linux
          3.9 and may be either monotonic (see below) or realtime (wall
          clock). Monotonic clock has been favoured in embedded systems
          whereas most of the drivers use the realtime clock. Either kinds
          of timestamps are available in user space via
          :c:func:`clock_gettime(2)` using clock IDs ``CLOCK_MONOTONIC``
          and ``CLOCK_REALTIME``, respectively.

    -  .. row 15

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_MONOTONIC``

       -  0x00002000

       -  The buffer timestamp has been taken from the ``CLOCK_MONOTONIC``
          clock. To access the same clock outside V4L2, use
          :c:func:`clock_gettime(2)`.

    -  .. row 16

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_COPY``

       -  0x00004000

       -  The CAPTURE buffer timestamp has been taken from the corresponding
          OUTPUT buffer. This flag applies only to mem2mem devices.

    -  .. row 17

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TSTAMP_SRC_MASK``

       -  0x00070000

       -  Mask for timestamp sources below. The timestamp source defines the
          point of time the timestamp is taken in relation to the frame.
          Logical 'and' operation between the ``flags`` field and
          ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TSTAMP_SRC_MASK`` produces the value of the
          timestamp source. Applications must set the timestamp source when
          ``type`` refers to an output stream and
          ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TIMESTAMP_COPY`` is set.

    -  .. row 18

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TSTAMP_SRC_EOF``

       -  0x00000000

       -  End Of Frame. The buffer timestamp has been taken when the last
          pixel of the frame has been received or the last pixel of the
          frame has been transmitted. In practice, software generated
          timestamps will typically be read from the clock a small amount of
          time after the last pixel has been received or transmitten,
          depending on the system and other activity in it.

    -  .. row 19

       -  ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_TSTAMP_SRC_SOE``

       -  0x00010000

       -  Start Of Exposure. The buffer timestamp has been taken when the
          exposure of the frame has begun. This is only valid for the
          ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE`` buffer type.


.. _v4l2-memory:

.. flat-table:: enum v4l2_memory
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       3 1 4


    -  .. row 1

       -  ``V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP``

       -  1

       -  The buffer is used for :ref:`memory mapping <mmap>` I/O.

    -  .. row 2

       -  ``V4L2_MEMORY_USERPTR``

       -  2

       -  The buffer is used for :ref:`user pointer <userp>` I/O.

    -  .. row 3

       -  ``V4L2_MEMORY_OVERLAY``

       -  3

       -  [to do]

    -  .. row 4

       -  ``V4L2_MEMORY_DMABUF``

       -  4

       -  The buffer is used for :ref:`DMA shared buffer <dmabuf>` I/O.


Timecodes
=========

The :c:type:`struct v4l2_timecode` structure is designed to hold a
:ref:`smpte12m` or similar timecode. (struct
:c:type:`struct timeval` timestamps are stored in struct
:ref:`v4l2_buffer <v4l2-buffer>` field ``timestamp``.)


.. _v4l2-timecode:

.. flat-table:: struct v4l2_timecode
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       1 1 2


    -  .. row 1

       -  __u32

       -  ``type``

       -  Frame rate the timecodes are based on, see :ref:`timecode-type`.

    -  .. row 2

       -  __u32

       -  ``flags``

       -  Timecode flags, see :ref:`timecode-flags`.

    -  .. row 3

       -  __u8

       -  ``frames``

       -  Frame count, 0 ... 23/24/29/49/59, depending on the type of
          timecode.

    -  .. row 4

       -  __u8

       -  ``seconds``

       -  Seconds count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.

    -  .. row 5

       -  __u8

       -  ``minutes``

       -  Minutes count, 0 ... 59. This is a binary, not BCD number.

    -  .. row 6

       -  __u8

       -  ``hours``

       -  Hours count, 0 ... 29. This is a binary, not BCD number.

    -  .. row 7

       -  __u8

       -  ``userbits``\ [4]

       -  The "user group" bits from the timecode.


.. _timecode-type:

.. flat-table:: Timecode Types
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       3 1 4


    -  .. row 1

       -  ``V4L2_TC_TYPE_24FPS``

       -  1

       -  24 frames per second, i. e. film.

    -  .. row 2

       -  ``V4L2_TC_TYPE_25FPS``

       -  2

       -  25 frames per second, i. e. PAL or SECAM video.

    -  .. row 3

       -  ``V4L2_TC_TYPE_30FPS``

       -  3

       -  30 frames per second, i. e. NTSC video.

    -  .. row 4

       -  ``V4L2_TC_TYPE_50FPS``

       -  4

       -  

    -  .. row 5

       -  ``V4L2_TC_TYPE_60FPS``

       -  5

       -  


.. _timecode-flags:

.. flat-table:: Timecode Flags
    :header-rows:  0
    :stub-columns: 0
    :widths:       3 1 4


    -  .. row 1

       -  ``V4L2_TC_FLAG_DROPFRAME``

       -  0x0001

       -  Indicates "drop frame" semantics for counting frames in 29.97 fps
          material. When set, frame numbers 0 and 1 at the start of each
          minute, except minutes 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 are omitted from the
          count.

    -  .. row 2

       -  ``V4L2_TC_FLAG_COLORFRAME``

       -  0x0002

       -  The "color frame" flag.

    -  .. row 3

       -  ``V4L2_TC_USERBITS_field``

       -  0x000C

       -  Field mask for the "binary group flags".

    -  .. row 4

       -  ``V4L2_TC_USERBITS_USERDEFINED``

       -  0x0000

       -  Unspecified format.

    -  .. row 5

       -  ``V4L2_TC_USERBITS_8BITCHARS``

       -  0x0008

       -  8-bit ISO characters.


.. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.. This file was automatically converted from DocBook-XML with the dbxml
.. library (https://github.com/return42/sphkerneldoc). The origin XML comes
.. from the linux kernel, refer to:
..
.. * https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/Documentation/DocBook
.. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------