diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
index ec9209c..cf18fe4 100644
--- a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
@@ -453,7 +453,6 @@
 
 	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK)) < 0)
 		return error;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_playback;
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
@@ -469,7 +468,6 @@
 
 	if ((error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE)) < 0)
 		return error;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_capture;
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
 	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
diff --git a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
index c7f79be..31d8db9 100644
--- a/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
+++ b/sound/pci/ca0106/ca0106_main.c
@@ -274,10 +274,11 @@
 
 /* hardware definition */
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ca0106_playback_hw = {
-	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START,
 	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
 	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 |
 				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000),
@@ -507,6 +508,7 @@
                 return err;
 	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64)) < 0)
                 return err;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 
 	if (chip->details->spi_dac && channel_id != PCM_FRONT_CHANNEL) {
 		const int reg = spi_dacd_reg[channel_id];
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs4281.c b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
index 44cf546..1fca49a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs4281.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
@@ -842,12 +842,11 @@
 
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_cs4281_playback =
 {
-	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START),
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME,
 	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 |
 				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
 				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
@@ -868,12 +867,11 @@
 
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_cs4281_capture =
 {
-	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START),
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME,
 	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 |
 				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
 				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
@@ -904,7 +902,6 @@
 	dma->right_slot = 1;
 	runtime->private_data = dma;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cs4281_playback;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	/* should be detected from the AC'97 layer, but it seems
 	   that although CS4297A rev B reports 18-bit ADC resolution,
 	   samples are 20-bit */
@@ -924,7 +921,6 @@
 	dma->right_slot = 11;
 	runtime->private_data = dma;
 	runtime->hw = snd_cs4281_capture;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	/* should be detected from the AC'97 layer, but it seems
 	   that although CS4297A rev B reports 18-bit ADC resolution,
 	   samples are 20-bit */
diff --git a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
index 5450a9e..ec920cb 100644
--- a/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
+++ b/sound/pci/cs5535audio/cs5535audio_pcm.c
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
 		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
 		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
-				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
 				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME
 				),
 	.formats =		(
@@ -71,8 +70,7 @@
 				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
 				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
 		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
-		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
-				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START
+		 		SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID
 				),
 	.formats =		(
 				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE
@@ -102,7 +100,6 @@
 	runtime->hw = snd_cs5535audio_playback;
 	cs5535au->playback_substream = substream;
 	runtime->private_data = &(cs5535au->dmas[CS5535AUDIO_DMA_PLAYBACK]);
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
 				SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
 		return err;
@@ -348,7 +345,6 @@
 	runtime->hw = snd_cs5535audio_capture;
 	cs5535au->capture_substream = substream;
 	runtime->private_data = &(cs5535au->dmas[CS5535AUDIO_DMA_CAPTURE]);
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime,
 					 SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
index 6ace107..d619a38 100644
--- a/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
+++ b/sound/pci/emu10k1/p16v.c
@@ -124,11 +124,12 @@
 
  /* hardware definition */
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_p16v_playback_hw = {
-	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
-				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | 
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START,
 	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE, /* Only supports 24-bit samples padded to 32 bits. */
 	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100, 
 	.rate_min =		44100,
@@ -207,6 +208,11 @@
 	if ((err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS)) < 0)
                 return err;
 
+	runtime->sync.id32[0] = substream->pcm->card->number;
+	runtime->sync.id32[1] = 'P';
+	runtime->sync.id32[2] = 16;
+	runtime->sync.id32[3] = 'V';
+
 	return 0;
 }
 /* open_capture callback */
diff --git a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
index 5338243..c4af57f 100644
--- a/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
+++ b/sound/pci/korg1212/korg1212.c
@@ -1391,8 +1391,6 @@
 	K1212_DEBUG_PRINTK("K1212_DEBUG: snd_korg1212_playback_open [%s]\n",
 			   stateName[korg1212->cardState]);
 
-        snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);    // ???
-
 	snd_korg1212_OpenCard(korg1212);
 
         runtime->hw = snd_korg1212_playback_info;
@@ -1422,8 +1420,6 @@
 	K1212_DEBUG_PRINTK("K1212_DEBUG: snd_korg1212_capture_open [%s]\n",
 			   stateName[korg1212->cardState]);
 
-        snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
-
 	snd_korg1212_OpenCard(korg1212);
 
         runtime->hw = snd_korg1212_capture_info;
diff --git a/sound/pci/maestro3.c b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
index 8a5ff1c..32245770 100644
--- a/sound/pci/maestro3.c
+++ b/sound/pci/maestro3.c
@@ -1821,7 +1821,6 @@
 		return err;
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_m3_playback;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(subs);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1846,7 +1845,6 @@
 		return err;
 
 	runtime->hw = snd_m3_capture;
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(subs);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
index c510954..880b824 100644
--- a/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
+++ b/sound/pci/mixart/mixart.c
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_mixart_analog_caps =
 {
 	.info             = ( SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
 			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
 	.formats	  = ( SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |
 			      SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@
 static struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_mixart_digital_caps =
 {
 	.info             = ( SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
-			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START |
+			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
 			      SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
 	.formats	  = ( SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |
 			      SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
diff --git a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
index c7621bd..276c576 100644
--- a/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
+++ b/sound/pci/nm256/nm256.c
@@ -842,7 +842,6 @@
 	runtime->private_data = s;
 	s->substream = substream;
 
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
 				   &constraints_rates);
 }
diff --git a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
index 1b787f4..cd4613a 100644
--- a/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
+++ b/sound/pci/pcxhr/pcxhr.c
@@ -904,6 +904,8 @@
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 4);
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 4);
 
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(subs);
+
 	mgr->ref_count_rate++;
 
 	mutex_unlock(&mgr->setup_mutex);
diff --git a/sound/pci/rme96.c b/sound/pci/rme96.c
index 9a4596f..ba4a34b 100644
--- a/sound/pci/rme96.c
+++ b/sound/pci/rme96.c
@@ -1176,8 +1176,6 @@
 	struct rme96 *rme96 = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
-
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme96->lock);	
         if (rme96->playback_substream != NULL) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
@@ -1214,8 +1212,6 @@
 	struct rme96 *rme96 = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
-
 	runtime->hw = snd_rme96_capture_spdif_info;
         if (snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) != RME96_INPUT_ANALOG &&
             (rate = snd_rme96_capture_getrate(rme96, &isadat)) > 0)
@@ -1247,8 +1243,6 @@
 	struct rme96 *rme96 = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;        
 	
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
-
 	spin_lock_irq(&rme96->lock);	
         if (rme96->playback_substream != NULL) {
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rme96->lock);
@@ -1280,8 +1274,6 @@
 	struct rme96 *rme96 = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
-	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
-
 	runtime->hw = snd_rme96_capture_adat_info;
         if (snd_rme96_getinputtype(rme96) == RME96_INPUT_ANALOG) {
                 /* makes no sense to use analog input. Note that analog
diff --git a/sound/ppc/pmac.c b/sound/ppc/pmac.c
index adbc868..04b95ae 100644
--- a/sound/ppc/pmac.c
+++ b/sound/ppc/pmac.c
@@ -551,9 +551,6 @@
 
 	runtime->hw.periods_max = rec->cmd.size - 1;
 
-	if (chip->can_duplex)
-		snd_pcm_set_sync(subs);
-
 	/* constraints to fix choppy sound */
 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
 	return 0;