fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c - kernel/msm-4.9 - Gitiles

 /*
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
  * the Free Software Foundation.
  */

 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/file.h>
 #include <linux/splice.h>
 #include <linux/xattr.h>
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/namei.h>
 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
 #include "overlayfs.h"

 #define OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE (1 << 20)

 static bool __read_mostly ovl_check_copy_up;
 module_param_named(check_copy_up, ovl_check_copy_up, bool,
 		   S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ovl_check_copy_up,
 		 "Warn on copy-up when causing process also has a R/O fd open");

 static int ovl_check_fd(const void *data, struct file *f, unsigned int fd)
 {
 	const struct dentry *dentry = data;

 	if (f->f_inode == d_inode(dentry))
 		pr_warn_ratelimited("overlayfs: Warning: Copying up %pD, but open R/O on fd %u which will cease to be coherent [pid=%d %s]\n",
 				    f, fd, current->pid, current->comm);
 	return 0;
 }

 /*
  * Check the fds open by this process and warn if something like the following
  * scenario is about to occur:
  *
  *	fd1 = open("foo", O_RDONLY);
  *	fd2 = open("foo", O_RDWR);
  */
 static void ovl_do_check_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
 {
 	if (ovl_check_copy_up)
 		iterate_fd(current->files, 0, ovl_check_fd, dentry);
 }

 int ovl_copy_xattr(struct dentry *old, struct dentry *new)
 {
 	ssize_t list_size, size, value_size = 0;
 	char *buf, *name, *value = NULL;
 	int uninitialized_var(error);

 	if (!(old->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR) ||
 	    !(new->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR))
 		return 0;

 	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, NULL, 0);
 	if (list_size <= 0) {
 		if (list_size == -EOPNOTSUPP)
 			return 0;
 		return list_size;
 	}

 	buf = kzalloc(list_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!buf)
 		return -ENOMEM;

 	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, buf, list_size);
 	if (list_size <= 0) {
 		error = list_size;
 		goto out;
 	}

 	for (name = buf; name < (buf + list_size); name += strlen(name) + 1) {
 		if (ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
 			continue;
 retry:
 		size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, value, value_size);
 		if (size == -ERANGE)
 			size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, NULL, 0);

 		if (size < 0) {
 			error = size;
 			break;
 		}

 		if (size > value_size) {
 			void *new;

 			new = krealloc(value, size, GFP_KERNEL);
 			if (!new) {
 				error = -ENOMEM;
 				break;
 			}
 			value = new;
 			value_size = size;
 			goto retry;
 		}

 		error = security_inode_copy_up_xattr(name);
 		if (error < 0 && error != -EOPNOTSUPP)
 			break;
 		if (error == 1) {
 			error = 0;
 			continue; /* Discard */
 		}
 		error = vfs_setxattr(new, name, value, size, 0);
 		if (error)
 			break;
 	}
 	kfree(value);
 out:
 	kfree(buf);
 	return error;
 }

 static int ovl_copy_up_data(struct path *old, struct path *new, loff_t len)
 {
 	struct file *old_file;
 	struct file *new_file;
 	loff_t old_pos = 0;
 	loff_t new_pos = 0;
 	int error = 0;

 	if (len == 0)
 		return 0;

 	old_file = ovl_path_open(old, O_LARGEFILE | O_RDONLY);
 	if (IS_ERR(old_file))
 		return PTR_ERR(old_file);

 	new_file = ovl_path_open(new, O_LARGEFILE | O_WRONLY);
 	if (IS_ERR(new_file)) {
 		error = PTR_ERR(new_file);
 		goto out_fput;
 	}

 	/* FIXME: copy up sparse files efficiently */
 	while (len) {
 		size_t this_len = OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE;
 		long bytes;

 		if (len < this_len)
 			this_len = len;

 		if (signal_pending_state(TASK_KILLABLE, current)) {
 			error = -EINTR;
 			break;
 		}

 		bytes = do_splice_direct(old_file, &old_pos,
 					 new_file, &new_pos,
 					 this_len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);
 		if (bytes <= 0) {
 			error = bytes;
 			break;
 		}
 		WARN_ON(old_pos != new_pos);

 		len -= bytes;
 	}

 	fput(new_file);
 out_fput:
 	fput(old_file);
 	return error;
 }

 static char *ovl_read_symlink(struct dentry *realdentry)
 {
 	int res;
 	char *buf;
 	struct inode *inode = realdentry->d_inode;
 	mm_segment_t old_fs;

 	res = -EINVAL;
 	if (!inode->i_op->readlink)
 		goto err;

 	res = -ENOMEM;
 	buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!buf)
 		goto err;

 	old_fs = get_fs();
 	set_fs(get_ds());
 	/* The cast to a user pointer is valid due to the set_fs() */
 	res = inode->i_op->readlink(realdentry,
 				    (char __user *)buf, PAGE_SIZE - 1);
 	set_fs(old_fs);
 	if (res < 0) {
 		free_page((unsigned long) buf);
 		goto err;
 	}
 	buf[res] = '\0';

 	return buf;

 err:
 	return ERR_PTR(res);
 }

 static int ovl_set_timestamps(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
 {
 	struct iattr attr = {
 		.ia_valid =
 		     ATTR_ATIME | ATTR_MTIME | ATTR_ATIME_SET | ATTR_MTIME_SET,
 		.ia_atime = stat->atime,
 		.ia_mtime = stat->mtime,
 	};

 	return notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
 }

 int ovl_set_attr(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
 {
 	int err = 0;

 	if (!S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
 		struct iattr attr = {
 			.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
 			.ia_mode = stat->mode,
 		};
 		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
 	}
 	if (!err) {
 		struct iattr attr = {
 			.ia_valid = ATTR_UID | ATTR_GID,
 			.ia_uid = stat->uid,
 			.ia_gid = stat->gid,
 		};
 		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
 	}
 	if (!err)
 		ovl_set_timestamps(upperdentry, stat);

 	return err;
 }

 static int ovl_copy_up_locked(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *upperdir,
 			      struct dentry *dentry, struct path *lowerpath,
 			      struct kstat *stat, const char *link)
 {
 	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
 	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
 	struct dentry *newdentry = NULL;
 	struct dentry *upper = NULL;
 	umode_t mode = stat->mode;
 	int err;
 	const struct cred *old_creds = NULL;
 	struct cred *new_creds = NULL;

 	newdentry = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
 	err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
 	if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
 		goto out;

 	upper = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
 			       dentry->d_name.len);
 	err = PTR_ERR(upper);
 	if (IS_ERR(upper))
 		goto out1;

 	err = security_inode_copy_up(dentry, &new_creds);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto out2;

 	if (new_creds)
 		old_creds = override_creds(new_creds);

 	/* Can't properly set mode on creation because of the umask */
 	stat->mode &= S_IFMT;
 	err = ovl_create_real(wdir, newdentry, stat, link, NULL, true);
 	stat->mode = mode;

 	if (new_creds) {
 		revert_creds(old_creds);
 		put_cred(new_creds);
 	}

 	if (err)
 		goto out2;

 	if (S_ISREG(stat->mode)) {
 		struct path upperpath;

 		ovl_path_upper(dentry, &upperpath);
 		BUG_ON(upperpath.dentry != NULL);
 		upperpath.dentry = newdentry;

 		err = ovl_copy_up_data(lowerpath, &upperpath, stat->size);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_cleanup;
 	}

 	err = ovl_copy_xattr(lowerpath->dentry, newdentry);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cleanup;

 	inode_lock(newdentry->d_inode);
 	err = ovl_set_attr(newdentry, stat);
 	inode_unlock(newdentry->d_inode);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cleanup;

 	err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, newdentry, udir, upper, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cleanup;

 	ovl_dentry_update(dentry, newdentry);
 	ovl_inode_update(d_inode(dentry), d_inode(newdentry));
 	newdentry = NULL;

 	/*
 	 * Non-directores become opaque when copied up.
 	 */
 	if (!S_ISDIR(stat->mode))
 		ovl_dentry_set_opaque(dentry, true);
 out2:
 	dput(upper);
 out1:
 	dput(newdentry);
 out:
 	return err;

 out_cleanup:
 	ovl_cleanup(wdir, newdentry);
 	goto out2;
 }

 /*
  * Copy up a single dentry
  *
  * Directory renames only allowed on "pure upper" (already created on
  * upper filesystem, never copied up).  Directories which are on lower or
  * are merged may not be renamed.  For these -EXDEV is returned and
  * userspace has to deal with it.  This means, when copying up a
  * directory we can rely on it and ancestors being stable.
  *
  * Non-directory renames start with copy up of source if necessary.  The
  * actual rename will only proceed once the copy up was successful.  Copy
  * up uses upper parent i_mutex for exclusion.  Since rename can change
  * d_parent it is possible that the copy up will lock the old parent.  At
  * that point the file will have already been copied up anyway.
  */
 int ovl_copy_up_one(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
 		    struct path *lowerpath, struct kstat *stat)
 {
 	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
 	int err;
 	struct kstat pstat;
 	struct path parentpath;
 	struct dentry *upperdir;
 	struct dentry *upperdentry;
 	const struct cred *old_cred;
 	char *link = NULL;

 	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
 		return -EROFS;

 	ovl_do_check_copy_up(lowerpath->dentry);

 	ovl_path_upper(parent, &parentpath);
 	upperdir = parentpath.dentry;

 	err = vfs_getattr(&parentpath, &pstat);
 	if (err)
 		return err;

 	if (S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
 		link = ovl_read_symlink(lowerpath->dentry);
 		if (IS_ERR(link))
 			return PTR_ERR(link);
 	}

 	old_cred = ovl_override_creds(dentry->d_sb);

 	err = -EIO;
 	if (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) != NULL) {
 		pr_err("overlayfs: failed to lock workdir+upperdir\n");
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 	upperdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
 	if (upperdentry) {
 		/* Raced with another copy-up?  Nothing to do, then... */
 		err = 0;
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}

 	err = ovl_copy_up_locked(workdir, upperdir, dentry, lowerpath,
 				 stat, link);
 	if (!err) {
 		/* Restore timestamps on parent (best effort) */
 		ovl_set_timestamps(upperdir, &pstat);
 	}
 out_unlock:
 	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
 	revert_creds(old_cred);

 	if (link)
 		free_page((unsigned long) link);

 	return err;
 }

 int ovl_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
 {
 	int err;

 	err = 0;
 	while (!err) {
 		struct dentry *next;
 		struct dentry *parent;
 		struct path lowerpath;
 		struct kstat stat;
 		enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_type(dentry);

 		if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
 			break;

 		next = dget(dentry);
 		/* find the topmost dentry not yet copied up */
 		for (;;) {
 			parent = dget_parent(next);

 			type = ovl_path_type(parent);
 			if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
 				break;

 			dput(next);
 			next = parent;
 		}

 		ovl_path_lower(next, &lowerpath);
 		err = vfs_getattr(&lowerpath, &stat);
 		if (!err)
 			err = ovl_copy_up_one(parent, next, &lowerpath, &stat);

 		dput(parent);
 		dput(next);
 	}

 	return err;
 }
	/*
	*
	* Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
	*
	* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
	* the Free Software Foundation.
	*/

	#include <linux/module.h>
	#include <linux/fs.h>
	#include <linux/slab.h>
	#include <linux/file.h>
	#include <linux/splice.h>
	#include <linux/xattr.h>
	#include <linux/security.h>
	#include <linux/uaccess.h>
	#include <linux/sched.h>
	#include <linux/namei.h>
	#include <linux/fdtable.h>
	#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
	#include "overlayfs.h"

	#define OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE (1 << 20)

	static bool __read_mostly ovl_check_copy_up;
	module_param_named(check_copy_up, ovl_check_copy_up, bool,
	S_IWUSR \| S_IRUGO);
	MODULE_PARM_DESC(ovl_check_copy_up,
	"Warn on copy-up when causing process also has a R/O fd open");

	static int ovl_check_fd(const void data, struct file f, unsigned int fd)
	{
	const struct dentry *dentry = data;

	if (f->f_inode == d_inode(dentry))
	pr_warn_ratelimited("overlayfs: Warning: Copying up %pD, but open R/O on fd %u which will cease to be coherent [pid=%d %s]\n",
	f, fd, current->pid, current->comm);
	return 0;
	}

	/*
	* Check the fds open by this process and warn if something like the following
	* scenario is about to occur:
	*
	* fd1 = open("foo", O_RDONLY);
	* fd2 = open("foo", O_RDWR);
	*/
	static void ovl_do_check_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
	{
	if (ovl_check_copy_up)
	iterate_fd(current->files, 0, ovl_check_fd, dentry);
	}

	int ovl_copy_xattr(struct dentry old, struct dentry new)
	{
	ssize_t list_size, size, value_size = 0;
	char buf, name, *value = NULL;
	int uninitialized_var(error);

	if (!(old->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR) \|\|
	!(new->d_inode->i_opflags & IOP_XATTR))
	return 0;

	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, NULL, 0);
	if (list_size <= 0) {
	if (list_size == -EOPNOTSUPP)
	return 0;
	return list_size;
	}

	buf = kzalloc(list_size, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf)
	return -ENOMEM;

	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, buf, list_size);
	if (list_size <= 0) {
	error = list_size;
	goto out;
	}

	for (name = buf; name < (buf + list_size); name += strlen(name) + 1) {
	if (ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
	continue;
	retry:
	size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, value, value_size);
	if (size == -ERANGE)
	size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, NULL, 0);

	if (size < 0) {
	error = size;
	break;
	}

	if (size > value_size) {
	void *new;

	new = krealloc(value, size, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!new) {
	error = -ENOMEM;
	break;
	}
	value = new;
	value_size = size;
	goto retry;
	}

	error = security_inode_copy_up_xattr(name);
	if (error < 0 && error != -EOPNOTSUPP)
	break;
	if (error == 1) {
	error = 0;
	continue; /* Discard */
	}
	error = vfs_setxattr(new, name, value, size, 0);
	if (error)
	break;
	}
	kfree(value);
	out:
	kfree(buf);
	return error;
	}

	static int ovl_copy_up_data(struct path old, struct path new, loff_t len)
	{
	struct file *old_file;
	struct file *new_file;
	loff_t old_pos = 0;
	loff_t new_pos = 0;
	int error = 0;

	if (len == 0)
	return 0;

	old_file = ovl_path_open(old, O_LARGEFILE \| O_RDONLY);
	if (IS_ERR(old_file))
	return PTR_ERR(old_file);

	new_file = ovl_path_open(new, O_LARGEFILE \| O_WRONLY);
	if (IS_ERR(new_file)) {
	error = PTR_ERR(new_file);
	goto out_fput;
	}

	/* FIXME: copy up sparse files efficiently */
	while (len) {
	size_t this_len = OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE;
	long bytes;

	if (len < this_len)
	this_len = len;

	if (signal_pending_state(TASK_KILLABLE, current)) {
	error = -EINTR;
	break;
	}

	bytes = do_splice_direct(old_file, &old_pos,
	new_file, &new_pos,
	this_len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);
	if (bytes <= 0) {
	error = bytes;
	break;
	}
	WARN_ON(old_pos != new_pos);

	len -= bytes;
	}

	fput(new_file);
	out_fput:
	fput(old_file);
	return error;
	}

	static char ovl_read_symlink(struct dentry realdentry)
	{
	int res;
	char *buf;
	struct inode *inode = realdentry->d_inode;
	mm_segment_t old_fs;

	res = -EINVAL;
	if (!inode->i_op->readlink)
	goto err;

	res = -ENOMEM;
	buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf)
	goto err;

	old_fs = get_fs();
	set_fs(get_ds());
	/* The cast to a user pointer is valid due to the set_fs() */
	res = inode->i_op->readlink(realdentry,
	(char __user *)buf, PAGE_SIZE - 1);
	set_fs(old_fs);
	if (res < 0) {
	free_page((unsigned long) buf);
	goto err;
	}
	buf[res] = '\0';

	return buf;

	err:
	return ERR_PTR(res);
	}

	static int ovl_set_timestamps(struct dentry upperdentry, struct kstat stat)
	{
	struct iattr attr = {
	.ia_valid =
	ATTR_ATIME \| ATTR_MTIME \| ATTR_ATIME_SET \| ATTR_MTIME_SET,
	.ia_atime = stat->atime,
	.ia_mtime = stat->mtime,
	};

	return notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
	}

	int ovl_set_attr(struct dentry upperdentry, struct kstat stat)
	{
	int err = 0;

	if (!S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
	struct iattr attr = {
	.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
	.ia_mode = stat->mode,
	};
	err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
	}
	if (!err) {
	struct iattr attr = {
	.ia_valid = ATTR_UID \| ATTR_GID,
	.ia_uid = stat->uid,
	.ia_gid = stat->gid,
	};
	err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
	}
	if (!err)
	ovl_set_timestamps(upperdentry, stat);

	return err;
	}

	static int ovl_copy_up_locked(struct dentry workdir, struct dentry upperdir,
	struct dentry dentry, struct path lowerpath,
	struct kstat stat, const char link)
	{
	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
	struct dentry *newdentry = NULL;
	struct dentry *upper = NULL;
	umode_t mode = stat->mode;
	int err;
	const struct cred *old_creds = NULL;
	struct cred *new_creds = NULL;

	newdentry = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
	err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
	if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
	goto out;

	upper = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
	dentry->d_name.len);
	err = PTR_ERR(upper);
	if (IS_ERR(upper))
	goto out1;

	err = security_inode_copy_up(dentry, &new_creds);
	if (err < 0)
	goto out2;

	if (new_creds)
	old_creds = override_creds(new_creds);

	/* Can't properly set mode on creation because of the umask */
	stat->mode &= S_IFMT;
	err = ovl_create_real(wdir, newdentry, stat, link, NULL, true);
	stat->mode = mode;

	if (new_creds) {
	revert_creds(old_creds);
	put_cred(new_creds);
	}

	if (err)
	goto out2;

	if (S_ISREG(stat->mode)) {
	struct path upperpath;

	ovl_path_upper(dentry, &upperpath);
	BUG_ON(upperpath.dentry != NULL);
	upperpath.dentry = newdentry;

	err = ovl_copy_up_data(lowerpath, &upperpath, stat->size);
	if (err)
	goto out_cleanup;
	}

	err = ovl_copy_xattr(lowerpath->dentry, newdentry);
	if (err)
	goto out_cleanup;

	inode_lock(newdentry->d_inode);
	err = ovl_set_attr(newdentry, stat);
	inode_unlock(newdentry->d_inode);
	if (err)
	goto out_cleanup;

	err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, newdentry, udir, upper, 0);
	if (err)
	goto out_cleanup;

	ovl_dentry_update(dentry, newdentry);
	ovl_inode_update(d_inode(dentry), d_inode(newdentry));
	newdentry = NULL;

	/*
	* Non-directores become opaque when copied up.
	*/
	if (!S_ISDIR(stat->mode))
	ovl_dentry_set_opaque(dentry, true);
	out2:
	dput(upper);
	out1:
	dput(newdentry);
	out:
	return err;

	out_cleanup:
	ovl_cleanup(wdir, newdentry);
	goto out2;
	}

	/*
	* Copy up a single dentry
	*
	* Directory renames only allowed on "pure upper" (already created on
	* upper filesystem, never copied up). Directories which are on lower or
	* are merged may not be renamed. For these -EXDEV is returned and
	* userspace has to deal with it. This means, when copying up a
	* directory we can rely on it and ancestors being stable.
	*
	* Non-directory renames start with copy up of source if necessary. The
	* actual rename will only proceed once the copy up was successful. Copy
	* up uses upper parent i_mutex for exclusion. Since rename can change
	* d_parent it is possible that the copy up will lock the old parent. At
	* that point the file will have already been copied up anyway.
	*/
	int ovl_copy_up_one(struct dentry parent, struct dentry dentry,
	struct path lowerpath, struct kstat stat)
	{
	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
	int err;
	struct kstat pstat;
	struct path parentpath;
	struct dentry *upperdir;
	struct dentry *upperdentry;
	const struct cred *old_cred;
	char *link = NULL;

	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
	return -EROFS;

	ovl_do_check_copy_up(lowerpath->dentry);

	ovl_path_upper(parent, &parentpath);
	upperdir = parentpath.dentry;

	err = vfs_getattr(&parentpath, &pstat);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if (S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
	link = ovl_read_symlink(lowerpath->dentry);
	if (IS_ERR(link))
	return PTR_ERR(link);
	}

	old_cred = ovl_override_creds(dentry->d_sb);

	err = -EIO;
	if (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) != NULL) {
	pr_err("overlayfs: failed to lock workdir+upperdir\n");
	goto out_unlock;
	}
	upperdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
	if (upperdentry) {
	/* Raced with another copy-up? Nothing to do, then... */
	err = 0;
	goto out_unlock;
	}

	err = ovl_copy_up_locked(workdir, upperdir, dentry, lowerpath,
	stat, link);
	if (!err) {
	/* Restore timestamps on parent (best effort) */
	ovl_set_timestamps(upperdir, &pstat);
	}
	out_unlock:
	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
	revert_creds(old_cred);

	if (link)
	free_page((unsigned long) link);

	return err;
	}

	int ovl_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
	{
	int err;

	err = 0;
	while (!err) {
	struct dentry *next;
	struct dentry *parent;
	struct path lowerpath;
	struct kstat stat;
	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_type(dentry);

	if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
	break;

	next = dget(dentry);
	/* find the topmost dentry not yet copied up */
	for (;;) {
	parent = dget_parent(next);

	type = ovl_path_type(parent);
	if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
	break;

	dput(next);
	next = parent;
	}

	ovl_path_lower(next, &lowerpath);
	err = vfs_getattr(&lowerpath, &stat);
	if (!err)
	err = ovl_copy_up_one(parent, next, &lowerpath, &stat);

	dput(parent);
	dput(next);
	}

	return err;
	}