tools/perf/builtin-stat.c - kernel/msm-4.9 - Gitiles

 /*
  * builtin-stat.c
  *
  * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
  * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
  *
  * Sample output:

    $ perf stat ~/hackbench 10
    Time: 0.104

     Performance counter stats for '/home/mingo/hackbench':

        1255.538611  task clock ticks     #      10.143 CPU utilization factor
              54011  context switches     #       0.043 M/sec
                385  CPU migrations       #       0.000 M/sec
              17755  pagefaults           #       0.014 M/sec
         3808323185  CPU cycles           #    3033.219 M/sec
         1575111190  instructions         #    1254.530 M/sec
           17367895  cache references     #      13.833 M/sec
            7674421  cache misses         #       6.112 M/sec

     Wall-clock time elapsed:   123.786620 msecs

  *
  * Copyright (C) 2008, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
  *
  * Improvements and fixes by:
  *
  *   Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
  *   Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
  *   Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
  *   Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
  *   Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
  *   Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
  *
  * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
  */

 #include "perf.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "util/util.h"
 #include "util/parse-options.h"
 #include "util/parse-events.h"
 #include "util/event.h"
 #include "util/evlist.h"
 #include "util/evsel.h"
 #include "util/debug.h"
 #include "util/header.h"
 #include "util/cpumap.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/thread_map.h"

 #include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #include <locale.h>

 #define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR	" "

 static struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {

   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK		},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES	},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS		},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS		},

   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES		},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS		},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS	},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES		},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES	},
   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES		},

 };

 struct perf_evlist		*evsel_list;

 static bool			system_wide			=  false;
 static int			run_idx				=  0;

 static int			run_count			=  1;
 static bool			no_inherit			= false;
 static bool			scale				=  true;
 static bool			no_aggr				= false;
 static pid_t			target_pid			= -1;
 static pid_t			target_tid			= -1;
 static pid_t			child_pid			= -1;
 static bool			null_run			=  false;
 static bool			big_num				=  true;
 static int			big_num_opt			=  -1;
 static const char		*cpu_list;
 static const char		*csv_sep			= NULL;
 static bool			csv_output			= false;

 static volatile int done = 0;

 struct stats
 {
 	double n, mean, M2;
 };

 struct perf_stat {
 	struct stats	  res_stats[3];
 };

 static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 {
 	evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
 	return evsel->priv == NULL ? -ENOMEM : 0;
 }

 static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 {
 	free(evsel->priv);
 	evsel->priv = NULL;
 }

 static void update_stats(struct stats *stats, u64 val)
 {
 	double delta;

 	stats->n++;
 	delta = val - stats->mean;
 	stats->mean += delta / stats->n;
 	stats->M2 += delta*(val - stats->mean);
 }

 static double avg_stats(struct stats *stats)
 {
 	return stats->mean;
 }

 /*
  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
  *
  *       (\Sum n_i^2) - ((\Sum n_i)^2)/n
  * s^2 = -------------------------------
  *                  n - 1
  *
  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stddev
  *
  * The std dev of the mean is related to the std dev by:
  *
  *             s
  * s_mean = -------
  *          sqrt(n)
  *
  */
 static double stddev_stats(struct stats *stats)
 {
 	double variance = stats->M2 / (stats->n - 1);
 	double variance_mean = variance / stats->n;

 	return sqrt(variance_mean);
 }

 struct stats			runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
 struct stats			runtime_cycles_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
 struct stats			runtime_branches_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
 struct stats			runtime_cacherefs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
 struct stats			walltime_nsecs_stats;

 static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 {
 	struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;

 	if (scale)
 		attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
 				    PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;

 	attr->inherit = !no_inherit;

 	if (system_wide)
 		return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, evsel_list->cpus, false);

 	if (target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
 		attr->disabled = 1;
 		attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
 	}

 	return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads, false);
 }

 /*
  * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
  */
 static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
 {
 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
 	    perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
 		return 1;

 	return 0;
 }

 /*
  * Read out the results of a single counter:
  * aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
  */
 static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
 {
 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
 	u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
 	int i;

 	if (__perf_evsel__read(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
 			       evsel_list->threads->nr, scale) < 0)
 		return -1;

 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
 		update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);

 	if (verbose) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
 			event_name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
 	}

 	/*
 	 * Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
 	 */
 	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
 		update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[0], count[0]);
 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[0], count[0]);
 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 		update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[0], count[0]);
 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 		update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[0], count[0]);

 	return 0;
 }

 /*
  * Read out the results of a single counter:
  * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
  */
 static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
 {
 	u64 *count;
 	int cpu;

 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
 		if (__perf_evsel__read_on_cpu(counter, cpu, 0, scale) < 0)
 			return -1;

 		count = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].values;

 		if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
 			update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu], count[0]);
 		if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 			update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu], count[0]);
 		if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 			update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu], count[0]);
 	}

 	return 0;
 }

 static int run_perf_stat(int argc __used, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned long long t0, t1;
 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
 	int status = 0;
 	int child_ready_pipe[2], go_pipe[2];
 	const bool forks = (argc > 0);
 	char buf;

 	if (forks && (pipe(child_ready_pipe) < 0 || pipe(go_pipe) < 0)) {
 		perror("failed to create pipes");
 		exit(1);
 	}

 	if (forks) {
 		if ((child_pid = fork()) < 0)
 			perror("failed to fork");

 		if (!child_pid) {
 			close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
 			close(go_pipe[1]);
 			fcntl(go_pipe[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

 			/*
 			 * Do a dummy execvp to get the PLT entry resolved,
 			 * so we avoid the resolver overhead on the real
 			 * execvp call.
 			 */
 			execvp("", (char **)argv);

 			/*
 			 * Tell the parent we're ready to go
 			 */
 			close(child_ready_pipe[1]);

 			/*
 			 * Wait until the parent tells us to go.
 			 */
 			if (read(go_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
 				perror("unable to read pipe");

 			execvp(argv[0], (char **)argv);

 			perror(argv[0]);
 			exit(-1);
 		}

 		if (target_tid == -1 && target_pid == -1 && !system_wide)
 			evsel_list->threads->map[0] = child_pid;

 		/*
 		 * Wait for the child to be ready to exec.
 		 */
 		close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
 		close(go_pipe[0]);
 		if (read(child_ready_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
 			perror("unable to read pipe");
 		close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
 	}

 	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
 		if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
 			if (errno == -EPERM || errno == -EACCES) {
 				error("You may not have permission to collect %sstats.\n"
 				      "\t Consider tweaking"
 				      " /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid or running as root.",
 				      system_wide ? "system-wide " : "");
 			} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
 				error("%s event is not supported. ", event_name(counter));
 			} else {
 				error("open_counter returned with %d (%s). "
 				      "/bin/dmesg may provide additional information.\n",
 				       errno, strerror(errno));
 			}
 			if (child_pid != -1)
 				kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
 			die("Not all events could be opened.\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}

 	if (perf_evlist__set_filters(evsel_list)) {
 		error("failed to set filter with %d (%s)\n", errno,
 			strerror(errno));
 		return -1;
 	}

 	/*
 	 * Enable counters and exec the command:
 	 */
 	t0 = rdclock();

 	if (forks) {
 		close(go_pipe[1]);
 		wait(&status);
 	} else {
 		while(!done) sleep(1);
 	}

 	t1 = rdclock();

 	update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);

 	if (no_aggr) {
 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
 			read_counter(counter);
 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr, 1);
 		}
 	} else {
 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
 			read_counter_aggr(counter);
 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
 					     evsel_list->threads->nr);
 		}
 	}

 	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
 }

 static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
 {
 	struct perf_stat *ps;

 	if (run_count == 1)
 		return;

 	ps = evsel->priv;
 	fprintf(stderr, "   ( +- %7.3f%% )",
 			100 * stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]) / avg);
 }

 static void nsec_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
 {
 	double msecs = avg / 1e6;
 	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
 	const char *fmt = csv_output ? "%s%.6f%s%s" : "%s%18.6f%s%-24s";

 	if (no_aggr)
 		sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
 			evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);

 	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, msecs, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));

 	if (evsel->cgrp)
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

 	if (csv_output)
 		return;

 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
 		fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f CPUs",
 				avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
 }

 static void abs_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
 {
 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
 	const char *fmt;

 	if (csv_output)
 		fmt = "%s%.0f%s%s";
 	else if (big_num)
 		fmt = "%s%'18.0f%s%-24s";
 	else
 		fmt = "%s%18.0f%s%-24s";

 	if (no_aggr)
 		sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
 			evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
 	else
 		cpu = 0;

 	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, avg, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));

 	if (evsel->cgrp)
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

 	if (csv_output)
 		return;

 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);

 		if (total)
 			ratio = avg / total;

 		fprintf(stderr, " # ( %4.2f instructions per cycle )", ratio);
 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES) &&
 			runtime_branches_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu]);

 		if (total)
 			ratio = avg * 100 / total;

 		fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f %%", ratio);

 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES) &&
 			runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu]);

 		if (total)
 			ratio = avg * 100 / total;

 		fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f %%", ratio);

 	} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);

 		if (total)
 			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;

 		fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f M/sec", ratio);
 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES)) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);

 		if (total)
 			ratio = avg / total * 100.0;

 		fprintf(stderr, " # (%5.2f%% of all cycles )", ratio);
 	}
 }

 /*
  * Print out the results of a single counter:
  * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
  */
 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
 {
 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
 	double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
 	int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;

 	if (scaled == -1) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%*s%s%*s",
 			csv_output ? 0 : 18,
 			"<not counted>",
 			csv_sep,
 			csv_output ? 0 : -24,
 			event_name(counter));

 		if (counter->cgrp)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

 		fputc('\n', stderr);
 		return;
 	}

 	if (nsec_counter(counter))
 		nsec_printout(-1, counter, avg);
 	else
 		abs_printout(-1, counter, avg);

 	if (csv_output) {
 		fputc('\n', stderr);
 		return;
 	}

 	print_noise(counter, avg);

 	if (scaled) {
 		double avg_enabled, avg_running;

 		avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
 		avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);

 		fprintf(stderr, "  (scaled from %.2f%%)",
 				100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
 	}
 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 }

 /*
  * Print out the results of a single counter:
  * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
  */
 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
 {
 	u64 ena, run, val;
 	int cpu;

 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
 		val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
 		ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
 		run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
 		if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "CPU%*d%s%*s%s%*s",
 				csv_output ? 0 : -4,
 				evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep,
 				csv_output ? 0 : 18,
 				"<not counted>", csv_sep,
 				csv_output ? 0 : -24,
 				event_name(counter));

 			if (counter->cgrp)
 				fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

 			fputc('\n', stderr);
 			continue;
 		}

 		if (nsec_counter(counter))
 			nsec_printout(cpu, counter, val);
 		else
 			abs_printout(cpu, counter, val);

 		if (!csv_output) {
 			print_noise(counter, 1.0);

 			if (run != ena) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "  (scaled from %.2f%%)",
 					100.0 * run / ena);
 			}
 		}
 		fputc('\n', stderr);
 	}
 }

 static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
 	int i;

 	fflush(stdout);

 	if (!csv_output) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 		fprintf(stderr, " Performance counter stats for ");
 		if(target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "\'%s", argv[0]);
 			for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
 				fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
 		} else if (target_pid != -1)
 			fprintf(stderr, "process id \'%d", target_pid);
 		else
 			fprintf(stderr, "thread id \'%d", target_tid);

 		fprintf(stderr, "\'");
 		if (run_count > 1)
 			fprintf(stderr, " (%d runs)", run_count);
 		fprintf(stderr, ":\n\n");
 	}

 	if (no_aggr) {
 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
 			print_counter(counter);
 	} else {
 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
 			print_counter_aggr(counter);
 	}

 	if (!csv_output) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 		fprintf(stderr, " %18.9f  seconds time elapsed",
 				avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
 		if (run_count > 1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "   ( +- %7.3f%% )",
 				100*stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats) /
 				avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
 	}
 }

 static volatile int signr = -1;

 static void skip_signal(int signo)
 {
 	if(child_pid == -1)
 		done = 1;

 	signr = signo;
 }

 static void sig_atexit(void)
 {
 	if (child_pid != -1)
 		kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);

 	if (signr == -1)
 		return;

 	signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
 	kill(getpid(), signr);
 }

 static const char * const stat_usage[] = {
 	"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
 	NULL
 };

 static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __used,
 			     const char *s __used, int unset)
 {
 	big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
 	return 0;
 }

 static const struct option options[] = {
 	OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
 		     "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
 		     parse_events),
 	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
 		     "event filter", parse_filter),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
 		    "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
 	OPT_INTEGER('p', "pid", &target_pid,
 		    "stat events on existing process id"),
 	OPT_INTEGER('t', "tid", &target_tid,
 		    "stat events on existing thread id"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &system_wide,
 		    "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale,
 		    "scale/normalize counters"),
 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
 		    "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
 	OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
 		    "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100)"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
 		    "null run - dont start any counters"),
 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
 			   "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
 			   stat__set_big_num),
 	OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu",
 		    "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "no-aggr", &no_aggr,
 		    "disable CPU count aggregation"),
 	OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
 		   "print counts with custom separator"),
 	OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
 		     "monitor event in cgroup name only",
 		     parse_cgroups),
 	OPT_END()
 };

 int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __used)
 {
 	struct perf_evsel *pos;
 	int status = -ENOMEM;

 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

 	evsel_list = perf_evlist__new(NULL, NULL);
 	if (evsel_list == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;

 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
 		PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);

 	if (csv_sep)
 		csv_output = true;
 	else
 		csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;

 	/*
 	 * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
 	 */
 	if (csv_output) {
 		/* User explicitely passed -B? */
 		if (big_num_opt == 1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
 			usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
 		} else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
 			big_num = false;
 	} else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
 		big_num = false;

 	if (!argc && target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1)
 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
 	if (run_count <= 0)
 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);

 	/* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
 	if ((no_aggr || nr_cgroups) && !system_wide) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
 			"modes only available in system-wide mode\n");

 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
 	}

 	/* Set attrs and nr_counters if no event is selected and !null_run */
 	if (!null_run && !evsel_list->nr_entries) {
 		size_t c;

 		for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(default_attrs); ++c) {
 			pos = perf_evsel__new(&default_attrs[c], c);
 			if (pos == NULL)
 				goto out;
 			perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
 		}
 	}

 	if (target_pid != -1)
 		target_tid = target_pid;

 	evsel_list->threads = thread_map__new(target_pid, target_tid);
 	if (evsel_list->threads == NULL) {
 		pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
 	}

 	if (system_wide)
 		evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__new(cpu_list);
 	else
 		evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__dummy_new();

 	if (evsel_list->cpus == NULL) {
 		perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
 		return -1;
 	}

 	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
 		if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(pos) < 0 ||
 		    perf_evsel__alloc_counts(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr) < 0 ||
 		    perf_evsel__alloc_fd(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr, evsel_list->threads->nr) < 0)
 			goto out_free_fd;
 	}

 	/*
 	 * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
 	 * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
 	 * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
 	 * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
 	 */
 	atexit(sig_atexit);
 	signal(SIGINT,  skip_signal);
 	signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
 	signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);

 	status = 0;
 	for (run_idx = 0; run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
 		if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n", run_idx + 1);
 		status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
 	}

 	if (status != -1)
 		print_stat(argc, argv);
 out_free_fd:
 	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node)
 		perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(pos);
 	perf_evlist__delete_maps(evsel_list);
 out:
 	perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
 	return status;
 }
	/*
	* builtin-stat.c
	*
	* Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
	* overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
	*
	* Sample output:

	$ perf stat ~/hackbench 10
	Time: 0.104

	Performance counter stats for '/home/mingo/hackbench':

	1255.538611 task clock ticks # 10.143 CPU utilization factor
	54011 context switches # 0.043 M/sec
	385 CPU migrations # 0.000 M/sec
	17755 pagefaults # 0.014 M/sec
	3808323185 CPU cycles # 3033.219 M/sec
	1575111190 instructions # 1254.530 M/sec
	17367895 cache references # 13.833 M/sec
	7674421 cache misses # 6.112 M/sec

	Wall-clock time elapsed: 123.786620 msecs

	*
	* Copyright (C) 2008, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
	*
	* Improvements and fixes by:
	*
	* Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
	* Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
	* Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
	* Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
	* Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
	* Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
	*
	* Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
	*/

	#include "perf.h"
	#include "builtin.h"
	#include "util/util.h"
	#include "util/parse-options.h"
	#include "util/parse-events.h"
	#include "util/event.h"
	#include "util/evlist.h"
	#include "util/evsel.h"
	#include "util/debug.h"
	#include "util/header.h"
	#include "util/cpumap.h"
	#include "util/thread.h"
	#include "util/thread_map.h"

	#include <sys/prctl.h>
	#include <math.h>
	#include <locale.h>

	#define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR " "

	static struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {

	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS },

	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES },
	{ .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES },

	};

	struct perf_evlist *evsel_list;

	static bool system_wide = false;
	static int run_idx = 0;

	static int run_count = 1;
	static bool no_inherit = false;
	static bool scale = true;
	static bool no_aggr = false;
	static pid_t target_pid = -1;
	static pid_t target_tid = -1;
	static pid_t child_pid = -1;
	static bool null_run = false;
	static bool big_num = true;
	static int big_num_opt = -1;
	static const char *cpu_list;
	static const char *csv_sep = NULL;
	static bool csv_output = false;

	static volatile int done = 0;

	struct stats
	{
	double n, mean, M2;
	};

	struct perf_stat {
	struct stats res_stats[3];
	};

	static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
	{
	evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
	return evsel->priv == NULL ? -ENOMEM : 0;
	}

	static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
	{
	free(evsel->priv);
	evsel->priv = NULL;
	}

	static void update_stats(struct stats *stats, u64 val)
	{
	double delta;

	stats->n++;
	delta = val - stats->mean;
	stats->mean += delta / stats->n;
	stats->M2 += delta*(val - stats->mean);
	}

	static double avg_stats(struct stats *stats)
	{
	return stats->mean;
	}

	/*
	* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
	*
	* (\Sum n_i^2) - ((\Sum n_i)^2)/n
	* s^2 = -------------------------------
	* n - 1
	*
	* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stddev
	*
	* The std dev of the mean is related to the std dev by:
	*
	* s
	* s_mean = -------
	* sqrt(n)
	*
	*/
	static double stddev_stats(struct stats *stats)
	{
	double variance = stats->M2 / (stats->n - 1);
	double variance_mean = variance / stats->n;

	return sqrt(variance_mean);
	}

	struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
	struct stats runtime_cycles_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
	struct stats runtime_branches_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
	struct stats runtime_cacherefs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
	struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;

	static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
	{
	struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;

	if (scale)
	attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED \|
	PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;

	attr->inherit = !no_inherit;

	if (system_wide)
	return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, evsel_list->cpus, false);

	if (target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
	attr->disabled = 1;
	attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
	}

	return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads, false);
	}

	/*
	* Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
	*/
	static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
	{
	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) \|\|
	perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
	return 1;

	return 0;
	}

	/*
	* Read out the results of a single counter:
	* aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
	*/
	static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
	{
	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
	u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
	int i;

	if (__perf_evsel__read(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
	evsel_list->threads->nr, scale) < 0)
	return -1;

	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);

	if (verbose) {
	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
	event_name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
	}

	/*
	* Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
	*/
	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
	update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[0], count[0]);
	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
	update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[0], count[0]);
	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
	update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[0], count[0]);
	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
	update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[0], count[0]);

	return 0;
	}

	/*
	* Read out the results of a single counter:
	* do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
	*/
	static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
	{
	u64 *count;
	int cpu;

	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
	if (__perf_evsel__read_on_cpu(counter, cpu, 0, scale) < 0)
	return -1;

	count = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].values;

	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
	update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu], count[0]);
	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
	update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu], count[0]);
	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
	update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu], count[0]);
	}

	return 0;
	}

	static int run_perf_stat(int argc __used, const char **argv)
	{
	unsigned long long t0, t1;
	struct perf_evsel *counter;
	int status = 0;
	int child_ready_pipe[2], go_pipe[2];
	const bool forks = (argc > 0);
	char buf;

	if (forks && (pipe(child_ready_pipe) < 0 \|\| pipe(go_pipe) < 0)) {
	perror("failed to create pipes");
	exit(1);
	}

	if (forks) {
	if ((child_pid = fork()) < 0)
	perror("failed to fork");

	if (!child_pid) {
	close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
	close(go_pipe[1]);
	fcntl(go_pipe[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

	/*
	* Do a dummy execvp to get the PLT entry resolved,
	* so we avoid the resolver overhead on the real
	* execvp call.
	*/
	execvp("", (char **)argv);

	/*
	* Tell the parent we're ready to go
	*/
	close(child_ready_pipe[1]);

	/*
	* Wait until the parent tells us to go.
	*/
	if (read(go_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
	perror("unable to read pipe");

	execvp(argv[0], (char **)argv);

	perror(argv[0]);
	exit(-1);
	}

	if (target_tid == -1 && target_pid == -1 && !system_wide)
	evsel_list->threads->map[0] = child_pid;

	/*
	* Wait for the child to be ready to exec.
	*/
	close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
	close(go_pipe[0]);
	if (read(child_ready_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
	perror("unable to read pipe");
	close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
	}

	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
	if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
	if (errno == -EPERM \|\| errno == -EACCES) {
	error("You may not have permission to collect %sstats.\n"
	"\t Consider tweaking"
	" /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid or running as root.",
	system_wide ? "system-wide " : "");
	} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
	error("%s event is not supported. ", event_name(counter));
	} else {
	error("open_counter returned with %d (%s). "
	"/bin/dmesg may provide additional information.\n",
	errno, strerror(errno));
	}
	if (child_pid != -1)
	kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
	die("Not all events could be opened.\n");
	return -1;
	}
	}

	if (perf_evlist__set_filters(evsel_list)) {
	error("failed to set filter with %d (%s)\n", errno,
	strerror(errno));
	return -1;
	}

	/*
	* Enable counters and exec the command:
	*/
	t0 = rdclock();

	if (forks) {
	close(go_pipe[1]);
	wait(&status);
	} else {
	while(!done) sleep(1);
	}

	t1 = rdclock();

	update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);

	if (no_aggr) {
	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
	read_counter(counter);
	perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr, 1);
	}
	} else {
	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
	read_counter_aggr(counter);
	perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
	evsel_list->threads->nr);
	}
	}

	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
	}

	static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
	{
	struct perf_stat *ps;

	if (run_count == 1)
	return;

	ps = evsel->priv;
	fprintf(stderr, " ( +- %7.3f%% )",
	100 * stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]) / avg);
	}

	static void nsec_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
	{
	double msecs = avg / 1e6;
	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
	const char *fmt = csv_output ? "%s%.6f%s%s" : "%s%18.6f%s%-24s";

	if (no_aggr)
	sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
	csv_output ? 0 : -4,
	evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);

	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, msecs, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));

	if (evsel->cgrp)
	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

	if (csv_output)
	return;

	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
	fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f CPUs",
	avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
	}

	static void abs_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
	{
	double total, ratio = 0.0;
	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
	const char *fmt;

	if (csv_output)
	fmt = "%s%.0f%s%s";
	else if (big_num)
	fmt = "%s%'18.0f%s%-24s";
	else
	fmt = "%s%18.0f%s%-24s";

	if (no_aggr)
	sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
	csv_output ? 0 : -4,
	evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
	else
	cpu = 0;

	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, avg, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));

	if (evsel->cgrp)
	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

	if (csv_output)
	return;

	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);

	if (total)
	ratio = avg / total;

	fprintf(stderr, " # ( %4.2f instructions per cycle )", ratio);
	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES) &&
	runtime_branches_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
	total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu]);

	if (total)
	ratio = avg * 100 / total;

	fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f %%", ratio);

	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES) &&
	runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu]);

	if (total)
	ratio = avg * 100 / total;

	fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f %%", ratio);

	} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
	total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);

	if (total)
	ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;

	fprintf(stderr, " # %10.3f M/sec", ratio);
	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES)) {
	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);

	if (total)
	ratio = avg / total * 100.0;

	fprintf(stderr, " # (%5.2f%% of all cycles )", ratio);
	}
	}

	/*
	* Print out the results of a single counter:
	* aggregated counts in system-wide mode
	*/
	static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
	{
	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
	double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
	int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;

	if (scaled == -1) {
	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s",
	csv_output ? 0 : 18,
	"<not counted>",
	csv_sep,
	csv_output ? 0 : -24,
	event_name(counter));

	if (counter->cgrp)
	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

	fputc('\n', stderr);
	return;
	}

	if (nsec_counter(counter))
	nsec_printout(-1, counter, avg);
	else
	abs_printout(-1, counter, avg);

	if (csv_output) {
	fputc('\n', stderr);
	return;
	}

	print_noise(counter, avg);

	if (scaled) {
	double avg_enabled, avg_running;

	avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
	avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);

	fprintf(stderr, " (scaled from %.2f%%)",
	100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	}

	/*
	* Print out the results of a single counter:
	* does not use aggregated count in system-wide
	*/
	static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
	{
	u64 ena, run, val;
	int cpu;

	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
	val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
	ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
	run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
	if (run == 0 \|\| ena == 0) {
	fprintf(stderr, "CPU%d%s%s%s%*s",
	csv_output ? 0 : -4,
	evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep,
	csv_output ? 0 : 18,
	"<not counted>", csv_sep,
	csv_output ? 0 : -24,
	event_name(counter));

	if (counter->cgrp)
	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

	fputc('\n', stderr);
	continue;
	}

	if (nsec_counter(counter))
	nsec_printout(cpu, counter, val);
	else
	abs_printout(cpu, counter, val);

	if (!csv_output) {
	print_noise(counter, 1.0);

	if (run != ena) {
	fprintf(stderr, " (scaled from %.2f%%)",
	100.0 * run / ena);
	}
	}
	fputc('\n', stderr);
	}
	}

	static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
	{
	struct perf_evsel *counter;
	int i;

	fflush(stdout);

	if (!csv_output) {
	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	fprintf(stderr, " Performance counter stats for ");
	if(target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
	fprintf(stderr, "\'%s", argv[0]);
	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
	fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
	} else if (target_pid != -1)
	fprintf(stderr, "process id \'%d", target_pid);
	else
	fprintf(stderr, "thread id \'%d", target_tid);

	fprintf(stderr, "\'");
	if (run_count > 1)
	fprintf(stderr, " (%d runs)", run_count);
	fprintf(stderr, ":\n\n");
	}

	if (no_aggr) {
	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
	print_counter(counter);
	} else {
	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
	print_counter_aggr(counter);
	}

	if (!csv_output) {
	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	fprintf(stderr, " %18.9f seconds time elapsed",
	avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
	if (run_count > 1) {
	fprintf(stderr, " ( +- %7.3f%% )",
	100*stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats) /
	avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
	}
	}

	static volatile int signr = -1;

	static void skip_signal(int signo)
	{
	if(child_pid == -1)
	done = 1;

	signr = signo;
	}

	static void sig_atexit(void)
	{
	if (child_pid != -1)
	kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);

	if (signr == -1)
	return;

	signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
	kill(getpid(), signr);
	}

	static const char * const stat_usage[] = {
	"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
	NULL
	};

	static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __used,
	const char *s __used, int unset)
	{
	big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
	return 0;
	}

	static const struct option options[] = {
	OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
	"event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
	parse_events),
	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
	"event filter", parse_filter),
	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
	"child tasks do not inherit counters"),
	OPT_INTEGER('p', "pid", &target_pid,
	"stat events on existing process id"),
	OPT_INTEGER('t', "tid", &target_tid,
	"stat events on existing thread id"),
	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &system_wide,
	"system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
	OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale,
	"scale/normalize counters"),
	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
	"be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
	OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
	"repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100)"),
	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
	"null run - dont start any counters"),
	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
	"print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
	stat__set_big_num),
	OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu",
	"list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "no-aggr", &no_aggr,
	"disable CPU count aggregation"),
	OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
	"print counts with custom separator"),
	OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
	"monitor event in cgroup name only",
	parse_cgroups),
	OPT_END()
	};

	int cmd_stat(int argc, const char *argv, const char prefix __used)
	{
	struct perf_evsel *pos;
	int status = -ENOMEM;

	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

	evsel_list = perf_evlist__new(NULL, NULL);
	if (evsel_list == NULL)
	return -ENOMEM;

	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
	PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);

	if (csv_sep)
	csv_output = true;
	else
	csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;

	/*
	* let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
	*/
	if (csv_output) {
	/* User explicitely passed -B? */
	if (big_num_opt == 1) {
	fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
	} else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
	big_num = false;
	} else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
	big_num = false;

	if (!argc && target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1)
	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
	if (run_count <= 0)
	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);

	/* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
	if ((no_aggr \|\| nr_cgroups) && !system_wide) {
	fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
	"modes only available in system-wide mode\n");

	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
	}

	/* Set attrs and nr_counters if no event is selected and !null_run */
	if (!null_run && !evsel_list->nr_entries) {
	size_t c;

	for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(default_attrs); ++c) {
	pos = perf_evsel__new(&default_attrs[c], c);
	if (pos == NULL)
	goto out;
	perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
	}
	}

	if (target_pid != -1)
	target_tid = target_pid;

	evsel_list->threads = thread_map__new(target_pid, target_tid);
	if (evsel_list->threads == NULL) {
	pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
	}

	if (system_wide)
	evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__new(cpu_list);
	else
	evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__dummy_new();

	if (evsel_list->cpus == NULL) {
	perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
	usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
	return -1;
	}

	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
	if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(pos) < 0 \|\|
	perf_evsel__alloc_counts(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr) < 0 \|\|
	perf_evsel__alloc_fd(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr, evsel_list->threads->nr) < 0)
	goto out_free_fd;
	}

	/*
	* We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
	* child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
	* What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
	* task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
	*/
	atexit(sig_atexit);
	signal(SIGINT, skip_signal);
	signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
	signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);

	status = 0;
	for (run_idx = 0; run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
	if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
	fprintf(stderr, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n", run_idx + 1);
	status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
	}

	if (status != -1)
	print_stat(argc, argv);
	out_free_fd:
	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node)
	perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(pos);
	perf_evlist__delete_maps(evsel_list);
	out:
	perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
	return status;
	}