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Greg Kroah-Hartman44bfe162007-11-27 11:28:26 -08001/*
2 * Sample kset and ktype implementation
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
5 * Copyright (C) 2007 Novell Inc.
6 *
7 * Released under the GPL version 2 only.
8 *
9 */
10#include <linux/kobject.h>
11#include <linux/string.h>
12#include <linux/sysfs.h>
13#include <linux/module.h>
14#include <linux/init.h>
15
16/*
17 * This module shows how to create a kset in sysfs called
18 * /sys/kernel/kset-example
19 * Then tree kobjects are created and assigned to this kset, "foo", "baz",
20 * and "bar". In those kobjects, attributes of the same name are also
21 * created and if an integer is written to these files, it can be later
22 * read out of it.
23 */
24
25
26/*
27 * This is our "object" that we will create a few of and register them with
28 * sysfs.
29 */
30struct foo_obj {
31 struct kobject kobj;
32 int foo;
33 int baz;
34 int bar;
35};
36#define to_foo_obj(x) container_of(x, struct foo_obj, kobj)
37
38/* a custom attribute that works just for a struct foo_obj. */
39struct foo_attribute {
40 struct attribute attr;
41 ssize_t (*show)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, char *buf);
42 ssize_t (*store)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count);
43};
44#define to_foo_attr(x) container_of(x, struct foo_attribute, attr)
45
46/*
47 * The default show function that must be passed to sysfs. This will be
48 * called by sysfs for whenever a show function is called by the user on a
49 * sysfs file associated with the kobjects we have registered. We need to
50 * transpose back from a "default" kobject to our custom struct foo_obj and
51 * then call the show function for that specific object.
52 */
53static ssize_t foo_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
54 struct attribute *attr,
55 char *buf)
56{
57 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
58 struct foo_obj *foo;
59
60 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
61 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
62
63 if (!attribute->show)
64 return -EIO;
65
66 return attribute->show(foo, attribute, buf);
67}
68
69/*
70 * Just like the default show function above, but this one is for when the
71 * sysfs "store" is requested (when a value is written to a file.)
72 */
73static ssize_t foo_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
74 struct attribute *attr,
75 const char *buf, size_t len)
76{
77 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
78 struct foo_obj *foo;
79
80 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
81 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
82
83 if (!attribute->store)
84 return -EIO;
85
86 return attribute->store(foo, attribute, buf, len);
87}
88
89/* Our custom sysfs_ops that we will associate with our ktype later on */
90static struct sysfs_ops foo_sysfs_ops = {
91 .show = foo_attr_show,
92 .store = foo_attr_store,
93};
94
95/*
96 * The release function for our object. This is REQUIRED by the kernel to
97 * have. We free the memory held in our object here.
98 *
99 * NEVER try to get away with just a "blank" release function to try to be
100 * smarter than the kernel. Turns out, no one ever is...
101 */
102static void foo_release(struct kobject *kobj)
103{
104 struct foo_obj *foo;
105
106 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
107 kfree(foo);
108}
109
110/*
111 * The "foo" file where the .foo variable is read from and written to.
112 */
113static ssize_t foo_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
114 char *buf)
115{
116 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", foo_obj->foo);
117}
118
119static ssize_t foo_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
120 const char *buf, size_t count)
121{
122 sscanf(buf, "%du", &foo_obj->foo);
123 return count;
124}
125
126static struct foo_attribute foo_attribute =
127 __ATTR(foo, 0666, foo_show, foo_store);
128
129/*
130 * More complex function where we determine which varible is being accessed by
131 * looking at the attribute for the "baz" and "bar" files.
132 */
133static ssize_t b_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
134 char *buf)
135{
136 int var;
137
138 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
139 var = foo_obj->baz;
140 else
141 var = foo_obj->bar;
142 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", var);
143}
144
145static ssize_t b_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
146 const char *buf, size_t count)
147{
148 int var;
149
150 sscanf(buf, "%du", &var);
151 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
152 foo_obj->baz = var;
153 else
154 foo_obj->bar = var;
155 return count;
156}
157
158static struct foo_attribute baz_attribute =
159 __ATTR(baz, 0666, b_show, b_store);
160static struct foo_attribute bar_attribute =
161 __ATTR(bar, 0666, b_show, b_store);
162
163/*
164 * Create a group of attributes so that we can create and destory them all
165 * at once.
166 */
167static struct attribute *foo_default_attrs[] = {
168 &foo_attribute.attr,
169 &baz_attribute.attr,
170 &bar_attribute.attr,
171 NULL, /* need to NULL terminate the list of attributes */
172};
173
174/*
175 * Our own ktype for our kobjects. Here we specify our sysfs ops, the
176 * release function, and the set of default attributes we want created
177 * whenever a kobject of this type is registered with the kernel.
178 */
179static struct kobj_type foo_ktype = {
180 .sysfs_ops = &foo_sysfs_ops,
181 .release = foo_release,
182 .default_attrs = foo_default_attrs,
183};
184
185static struct kset *example_kset;
186static struct foo_obj *foo_obj;
187static struct foo_obj *bar_obj;
188static struct foo_obj *baz_obj;
189
190static struct foo_obj *create_foo_obj(const char *name)
191{
192 struct foo_obj *foo;
193 int retval;
194
195 /* allocate the memory for the whole object */
196 foo = kzalloc(sizeof(*foo), GFP_KERNEL);
197 if (!foo)
198 return NULL;
199
200 /*
201 * As we have a kset for this kobject, we need to set it before calling
202 * the kobject core.
203 */
204 foo->kobj.kset = example_kset;
205
206 /*
207 * Initialize and add the kobject to the kernel. All the default files
208 * will be created here. As we have already specified a kset for this
209 * kobject, we don't have to set a parent for the kobject, the kobject
210 * will be placed beneath that kset automatically.
211 */
212 retval = kobject_init_and_add(&foo->kobj, &foo_ktype, NULL, "%s", name);
213 if (retval) {
214 kfree(foo);
215 return NULL;
216 }
217
218 /*
219 * We are always responsible for sending the uevent that the kobject
220 * was added to the system.
221 */
222 kobject_uevent(&foo->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
223
224 return foo;
225}
226
227static void destroy_foo_obj(struct foo_obj *foo)
228{
229 kobject_put(&foo->kobj);
230}
231
232static int example_init(void)
233{
234 /*
235 * Create a kset with the name of "kset_example",
236 * located under /sys/kernel/
237 */
238 example_kset = kset_create_and_add("kset_example", NULL, kernel_kobj);
239 if (!example_kset)
240 return -ENOMEM;
241
242 /*
243 * Create three objects and register them with our kset
244 */
245 foo_obj = create_foo_obj("foo");
246 if (!foo_obj)
247 goto foo_error;
248
249 bar_obj = create_foo_obj("bar");
250 if (!bar_obj)
251 goto bar_error;
252
253 baz_obj = create_foo_obj("baz");
254 if (!baz_obj)
255 goto baz_error;
256
257 return 0;
258
259baz_error:
260 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
261bar_error:
262 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
263foo_error:
264 return -EINVAL;
265}
266
267static void example_exit(void)
268{
269 destroy_foo_obj(baz_obj);
270 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
271 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
272 kset_unregister(example_kset);
273}
274
275module_init(example_init);
276module_exit(example_exit);
277MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
278MODULE_AUTHOR("Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>");