diff --git a/security/keys/keyctl.c b/security/keys/keyctl.c
index a6516a6..4c670ee 100644
--- a/security/keys/keyctl.c
+++ b/security/keys/keyctl.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 			    size_t plen,
 			    key_serial_t ringid)
 {
-	struct key *keyring, *key;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref, key_ref;
 	char type[32], *description;
 	void *payload;
 	long dlen, ret;
@@ -86,25 +86,25 @@
 	}
 
 	/* find the target keyring (which must be writable) */
-	keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+	keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 		goto error3;
 	}
 
 	/* create or update the requested key and add it to the target
 	 * keyring */
-	key = key_create_or_update(keyring, type, description,
-				   payload, plen, 0);
-	if (!IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = key->serial;
-		key_put(key);
+	key_ref = key_create_or_update(keyring_ref, type, description,
+				       payload, plen, 0);
+	if (!IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->serial;
+		key_ref_put(key_ref);
 	}
 	else {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 	}
 
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error3:
 	kfree(payload);
  error2:
@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@
 				key_serial_t destringid)
 {
 	struct key_type *ktype;
-	struct key *key, *dest;
+	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t dest_ref;
 	char type[32], *description, *callout_info;
 	long dlen, ret;
 
@@ -187,11 +188,11 @@
 	}
 
 	/* get the destination keyring if specified */
-	dest = NULL;
+	dest_ref = NULL;
 	if (destringid) {
-		dest = lookup_user_key(NULL, destringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-		if (IS_ERR(dest)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(dest);
+		dest_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, destringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+		if (IS_ERR(dest_ref)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(dest_ref);
 			goto error3;
 		}
 	}
@@ -204,7 +205,8 @@
 	}
 
 	/* do the search */
-	key = request_key_and_link(ktype, description, callout_info, dest);
+	key = request_key_and_link(ktype, description, callout_info,
+				   key_ref_to_ptr(dest_ref));
 	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
 		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
 		goto error5;
@@ -216,7 +218,7 @@
  error5:
 	key_type_put(ktype);
  error4:
-	key_put(dest);
+	key_ref_put(dest_ref);
  error3:
 	kfree(callout_info);
  error2:
@@ -234,17 +236,17 @@
  */
 long keyctl_get_keyring_ID(key_serial_t id, int create)
 {
-	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, create, 0, KEY_SEARCH);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, create, 0, KEY_SEARCH);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	ret = key->serial;
-	key_put(key);
+	ret = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->serial;
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -302,7 +304,7 @@
 		       const void __user *_payload,
 		       size_t plen)
 {
-	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	void *payload;
 	long ret;
 
@@ -324,16 +326,16 @@
 	}
 
 	/* find the target key (which must be writable) */
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error2;
 	}
 
 	/* update the key */
-	ret = key_update(key, payload, plen);
+	ret = key_update(key_ref, payload, plen);
 
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error2:
 	kfree(payload);
  error:
@@ -349,19 +351,19 @@
  */
 long keyctl_revoke_key(key_serial_t id)
 {
-	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	key_revoke(key);
+	key_revoke(key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
 	ret = 0;
 
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -375,18 +377,18 @@
  */
 long keyctl_keyring_clear(key_serial_t ringid)
 {
-	struct key *keyring;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref;
 	long ret;
 
-	keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+	keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	ret = keyring_clear(keyring);
+	ret = keyring_clear(key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref));
 
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -401,26 +403,26 @@
  */
 long keyctl_keyring_link(key_serial_t id, key_serial_t ringid)
 {
-	struct key *keyring, *key;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref, key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
-	keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+	keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 0, KEY_LINK);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 0, KEY_LINK);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error2;
 	}
 
-	ret = key_link(keyring, key);
+	ret = key_link(key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref), key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
 
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error2:
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -435,26 +437,26 @@
  */
 long keyctl_keyring_unlink(key_serial_t id, key_serial_t ringid)
 {
-	struct key *keyring, *key;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref, key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
-	keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-	if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+	keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 0, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+	if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, 0);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error2;
 	}
 
-	ret = key_unlink(keyring, key);
+	ret = key_unlink(key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref), key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
 
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error2:
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -476,24 +478,26 @@
 			 size_t buflen)
 {
 	struct key *key, *instkey;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	char *tmpbuf;
 	long ret;
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid, 0, 1, KEY_VIEW);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid, 0, 1, KEY_VIEW);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
 		/* viewing a key under construction is permitted if we have the
 		 * authorisation token handy */
-		if (PTR_ERR(key) == -EACCES) {
+		if (PTR_ERR(key_ref) == -EACCES) {
 			instkey = key_get_instantiation_authkey(keyid);
 			if (!IS_ERR(instkey)) {
 				key_put(instkey);
-				key = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid, 0, 1, 0);
-				if (!IS_ERR(key))
+				key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid,
+							  0, 1, 0);
+				if (!IS_ERR(key_ref))
 					goto okay;
 			}
 		}
 
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
@@ -504,13 +508,16 @@
 	if (!tmpbuf)
 		goto error2;
 
+	key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
+
 	ret = snprintf(tmpbuf, PAGE_SIZE - 1,
-		       "%s;%d;%d;%06x;%s",
-		       key->type->name,
-		       key->uid,
-		       key->gid,
-		       key->perm,
-		       key->description ? key->description :""
+		       "%s;%d;%d;%08x;%s",
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->type->name,
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->uid,
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->gid,
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->perm,
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->description ?
+		       key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->description : ""
 		       );
 
 	/* include a NUL char at the end of the data */
@@ -530,7 +537,7 @@
 
 	kfree(tmpbuf);
  error2:
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error:
 	return ret;
 
@@ -552,7 +559,7 @@
 			   key_serial_t destringid)
 {
 	struct key_type *ktype;
-	struct key *keyring, *key, *dest;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref, key_ref, dest_ref;
 	char type[32], *description;
 	long dlen, ret;
 
@@ -581,18 +588,18 @@
 		goto error2;
 
 	/* get the keyring at which to begin the search */
-	keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 0, 0, KEY_SEARCH);
-	if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+	keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 0, 0, KEY_SEARCH);
+	if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 		goto error2;
 	}
 
 	/* get the destination keyring if specified */
-	dest = NULL;
+	dest_ref = NULL;
 	if (destringid) {
-		dest = lookup_user_key(NULL, destringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-		if (IS_ERR(dest)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(dest);
+		dest_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, destringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+		if (IS_ERR(dest_ref)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(dest_ref);
 			goto error3;
 		}
 	}
@@ -605,9 +612,9 @@
 	}
 
 	/* do the search */
-	key = keyring_search(keyring, ktype, description);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = keyring_search(keyring_ref, ktype, description);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 
 		/* treat lack or presence of a negative key the same */
 		if (ret == -EAGAIN)
@@ -616,26 +623,26 @@
 	}
 
 	/* link the resulting key to the destination keyring if we can */
-	if (dest) {
+	if (dest_ref) {
 		ret = -EACCES;
-		if (!key_permission(key, KEY_LINK))
+		if (!key_permission(key_ref, KEY_LINK))
 			goto error6;
 
-		ret = key_link(dest, key);
+		ret = key_link(key_ref_to_ptr(dest_ref), key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref));
 		if (ret < 0)
 			goto error6;
 	}
 
-	ret = key->serial;
+	ret = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref)->serial;
 
  error6:
-	key_put(key);
+	key_ref_put(key_ref);
  error5:
 	key_type_put(ktype);
  error4:
-	key_put(dest);
+	key_ref_put(dest_ref);
  error3:
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error2:
 	kfree(description);
  error:
@@ -645,16 +652,6 @@
 
 /*****************************************************************************/
 /*
- * see if the key we're looking at is the target key
- */
-static int keyctl_read_key_same(const struct key *key, const void *target)
-{
-	return key == target;
-
-} /* end keyctl_read_key_same() */
-
-/*****************************************************************************/
-/*
  * read a user key's payload
  * - the keyring must be readable or the key must be searchable from the
  *   process's keyrings
@@ -665,38 +662,33 @@
  */
 long keyctl_read_key(key_serial_t keyid, char __user *buffer, size_t buflen)
 {
-	struct key *key, *skey;
+	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
 	/* find the key first */
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid, 0, 0, 0);
-	if (!IS_ERR(key)) {
-		/* see if we can read it directly */
-		if (key_permission(key, KEY_READ))
-			goto can_read_key;
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, keyid, 0, 0, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = -ENOKEY;
+		goto error;
+	}
 
-		/* we can't; see if it's searchable from this process's
-		 * keyrings
-		 * - we automatically take account of the fact that it may be
-		 *   dangling off an instantiation key
-		 */
-		skey = search_process_keyrings(key->type, key,
-					       keyctl_read_key_same, current);
-		if (!IS_ERR(skey))
-			goto can_read_key2;
+	key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
 
-		ret = PTR_ERR(skey);
-		if (ret == -EAGAIN)
-			ret = -EACCES;
+	/* see if we can read it directly */
+	if (key_permission(key_ref, KEY_READ))
+		goto can_read_key;
+
+	/* we can't; see if it's searchable from this process's keyrings
+	 * - we automatically take account of the fact that it may be
+	 *   dangling off an instantiation key
+	 */
+	if (!is_key_possessed(key_ref)) {
+		ret = -EACCES;
 		goto error2;
 	}
 
-	ret = -ENOKEY;
-	goto error;
-
 	/* the key is probably readable - now try to read it */
- can_read_key2:
-	key_put(skey);
  can_read_key:
 	ret = key_validate(key);
 	if (ret == 0) {
@@ -727,18 +719,21 @@
 long keyctl_chown_key(key_serial_t id, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
 {
 	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
 	ret = 0;
 	if (uid == (uid_t) -1 && gid == (gid_t) -1)
 		goto error;
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 1, 0);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 1, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
+	key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
+
 	/* make the changes with the locks held to prevent chown/chown races */
 	ret = -EACCES;
 	down_write(&key->sem);
@@ -784,18 +779,21 @@
 long keyctl_setperm_key(key_serial_t id, key_perm_t perm)
 {
 	struct key *key;
+	key_ref_t key_ref;
 	long ret;
 
 	ret = -EINVAL;
-	if (perm & ~(KEY_USR_ALL | KEY_GRP_ALL | KEY_OTH_ALL))
+	if (perm & ~(KEY_POS_ALL | KEY_USR_ALL | KEY_GRP_ALL | KEY_OTH_ALL))
 		goto error;
 
-	key = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 1, 0);
-	if (IS_ERR(key)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(key);
+	key_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, id, 1, 1, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(key_ref)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(key_ref);
 		goto error;
 	}
 
+	key = key_ref_to_ptr(key_ref);
+
 	/* make the changes with the locks held to prevent chown/chmod races */
 	ret = -EACCES;
 	down_write(&key->sem);
@@ -824,7 +822,8 @@
 			    key_serial_t ringid)
 {
 	struct request_key_auth *rka;
-	struct key *instkey, *keyring;
+	struct key *instkey;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref;
 	void *payload;
 	long ret;
 
@@ -857,21 +856,21 @@
 
 	/* find the destination keyring amongst those belonging to the
 	 * requesting task */
-	keyring = NULL;
+	keyring_ref = NULL;
 	if (ringid) {
-		keyring = lookup_user_key(rka->context, ringid, 1, 0,
-					  KEY_WRITE);
-		if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+		keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(rka->context, ringid, 1, 0,
+					      KEY_WRITE);
+		if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 			goto error3;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* instantiate the key and link it into a keyring */
 	ret = key_instantiate_and_link(rka->target_key, payload, plen,
-				       keyring, instkey);
+				       key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref), instkey);
 
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error3:
 	key_put(instkey);
  error2:
@@ -889,7 +888,8 @@
 long keyctl_negate_key(key_serial_t id, unsigned timeout, key_serial_t ringid)
 {
 	struct request_key_auth *rka;
-	struct key *instkey, *keyring;
+	struct key *instkey;
+	key_ref_t keyring_ref;
 	long ret;
 
 	/* find the instantiation authorisation key */
@@ -903,19 +903,20 @@
 
 	/* find the destination keyring if present (which must also be
 	 * writable) */
-	keyring = NULL;
+	keyring_ref = NULL;
 	if (ringid) {
-		keyring = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
-		if (IS_ERR(keyring)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(keyring);
+		keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(NULL, ringid, 1, 0, KEY_WRITE);
+		if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref);
 			goto error2;
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* instantiate the key and link it into a keyring */
-	ret = key_negate_and_link(rka->target_key, timeout, keyring, instkey);
+	ret = key_negate_and_link(rka->target_key, timeout,
+				  key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref), instkey);
 
-	key_put(keyring);
+	key_ref_put(keyring_ref);
  error2:
 	key_put(instkey);
  error: