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Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07001/*
2 * linux/mm/oom_kill.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1998,2000 Rik van Riel
5 * Thanks go out to Claus Fischer for some serious inspiration and
6 * for goading me into coding this file...
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -07007 * Copyright (C) 2010 Google, Inc.
8 * Rewritten by David Rientjes
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07009 *
10 * The routines in this file are used to kill a process when
Paul Jacksona49335c2005-09-06 15:18:09 -070011 * we're seriously out of memory. This gets called from __alloc_pages()
12 * in mm/page_alloc.c when we really run out of memory.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070013 *
14 * Since we won't call these routines often (on a well-configured
15 * machine) this file will double as a 'coding guide' and a signpost
16 * for newbie kernel hackers. It features several pointers to major
17 * kernel subsystems and hints as to where to find out what things do.
18 */
19
Alexey Dobriyan8ac773b2006-10-19 23:28:32 -070020#include <linux/oom.h>
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070021#include <linux/mm.h>
Alexey Dobriyan4e950f62007-07-30 02:36:13 +040022#include <linux/err.h>
Tejun Heo5a0e3ad2010-03-24 17:04:11 +090023#include <linux/gfp.h>
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070024#include <linux/sched.h>
25#include <linux/swap.h>
26#include <linux/timex.h>
27#include <linux/jiffies.h>
Paul Jacksonef08e3b2005-09-06 15:18:13 -070028#include <linux/cpuset.h>
Martin Schwidefsky8bc719d2006-09-25 23:31:20 -070029#include <linux/module.h>
30#include <linux/notifier.h>
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -080031#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070032#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
David Howells5cd9c582008-08-14 11:37:28 +010033#include <linux/security.h>
David Rientjesedd45542011-03-22 16:30:12 -070034#include <linux/ptrace.h>
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070035
KAMEZAWA Hiroyukifadd8fb2006-06-23 02:03:13 -070036int sysctl_panic_on_oom;
David Rientjesfe071d72007-10-16 23:25:56 -070037int sysctl_oom_kill_allocating_task;
David Rientjesad915c42010-08-09 17:18:53 -070038int sysctl_oom_dump_tasks = 1;
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -080039static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(zone_scan_lock);
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -070040
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070041#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
42/**
43 * has_intersects_mems_allowed() - check task eligiblity for kill
44 * @tsk: task struct of which task to consider
45 * @mask: nodemask passed to page allocator for mempolicy ooms
46 *
47 * Task eligibility is determined by whether or not a candidate task, @tsk,
48 * shares the same mempolicy nodes as current if it is bound by such a policy
49 * and whether or not it has the same set of allowed cpuset nodes.
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070050 */
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070051static bool has_intersects_mems_allowed(struct task_struct *tsk,
52 const nodemask_t *mask)
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070053{
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070054 struct task_struct *start = tsk;
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070055
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070056 do {
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070057 if (mask) {
58 /*
59 * If this is a mempolicy constrained oom, tsk's
60 * cpuset is irrelevant. Only return true if its
61 * mempolicy intersects current, otherwise it may be
62 * needlessly killed.
63 */
64 if (mempolicy_nodemask_intersects(tsk, mask))
65 return true;
66 } else {
67 /*
68 * This is not a mempolicy constrained oom, so only
69 * check the mems of tsk's cpuset.
70 */
71 if (cpuset_mems_allowed_intersects(current, tsk))
72 return true;
73 }
KOSAKI Motohirodf1090a2010-08-09 17:19:39 -070074 } while_each_thread(start, tsk);
75
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070076 return false;
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070077}
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070078#else
79static bool has_intersects_mems_allowed(struct task_struct *tsk,
80 const nodemask_t *mask)
81{
82 return true;
83}
84#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
KOSAKI Motohiro495789a2009-09-21 17:03:14 -070085
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -070086/*
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -070087 * If this is a system OOM (not a memcg OOM) and the task selected to be
88 * killed is not already running at high (RT) priorities, speed up the
89 * recovery by boosting the dying task to the lowest FIFO priority.
90 * That helps with the recovery and avoids interfering with RT tasks.
91 */
92static void boost_dying_task_prio(struct task_struct *p,
93 struct mem_cgroup *mem)
94{
95 struct sched_param param = { .sched_priority = 1 };
96
97 if (mem)
98 return;
99
100 if (!rt_task(p))
101 sched_setscheduler_nocheck(p, SCHED_FIFO, &param);
102}
103
104/*
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -0700105 * The process p may have detached its own ->mm while exiting or through
106 * use_mm(), but one or more of its subthreads may still have a valid
107 * pointer. Return p, or any of its subthreads with a valid ->mm, with
108 * task_lock() held.
109 */
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki158e0a22010-08-10 18:03:00 -0700110struct task_struct *find_lock_task_mm(struct task_struct *p)
Oleg Nesterovdd8e8f42010-08-09 17:18:45 -0700111{
112 struct task_struct *t = p;
113
114 do {
115 task_lock(t);
116 if (likely(t->mm))
117 return t;
118 task_unlock(t);
119 } while_each_thread(p, t);
120
121 return NULL;
122}
123
KOSAKI Motohiroab290ad2010-08-09 17:19:35 -0700124/* return true if the task is not adequate as candidate victim task. */
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700125static bool oom_unkillable_task(struct task_struct *p,
126 const struct mem_cgroup *mem, const nodemask_t *nodemask)
KOSAKI Motohiroab290ad2010-08-09 17:19:35 -0700127{
128 if (is_global_init(p))
129 return true;
130 if (p->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
131 return true;
132
133 /* When mem_cgroup_out_of_memory() and p is not member of the group */
134 if (mem && !task_in_mem_cgroup(p, mem))
135 return true;
136
137 /* p may not have freeable memory in nodemask */
138 if (!has_intersects_mems_allowed(p, nodemask))
139 return true;
140
141 return false;
142}
143
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700144/**
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700145 * oom_badness - heuristic function to determine which candidate task to kill
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700146 * @p: task struct of which task we should calculate
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700147 * @totalpages: total present RAM allowed for page allocation
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700148 *
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700149 * The heuristic for determining which task to kill is made to be as simple and
150 * predictable as possible. The goal is to return the highest value for the
151 * task consuming the most memory to avoid subsequent oom failures.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700152 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700153unsigned int oom_badness(struct task_struct *p, struct mem_cgroup *mem,
154 const nodemask_t *nodemask, unsigned long totalpages)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700155{
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700156 int points;
KOSAKI Motohiro28b83c52009-09-21 17:03:13 -0700157
KOSAKI Motohiro26ebc982010-08-09 17:19:37 -0700158 if (oom_unkillable_task(p, mem, nodemask))
159 return 0;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700160
Oleg Nesterovdd8e8f42010-08-09 17:18:45 -0700161 p = find_lock_task_mm(p);
162 if (!p)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700163 return 0;
164
165 /*
David Rientjese18641e2010-10-26 14:21:23 -0700166 * Shortcut check for a thread sharing p->mm that is OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN
167 * so the entire heuristic doesn't need to be executed for something
168 * that cannot be killed.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700169 */
David Rientjese18641e2010-10-26 14:21:23 -0700170 if (atomic_read(&p->mm->oom_disable_count)) {
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700171 task_unlock(p);
172 return 0;
173 }
174
175 /*
176 * When the PF_OOM_ORIGIN bit is set, it indicates the task should have
177 * priority for oom killing.
178 */
179 if (p->flags & PF_OOM_ORIGIN) {
180 task_unlock(p);
181 return 1000;
182 }
183
184 /*
185 * The memory controller may have a limit of 0 bytes, so avoid a divide
186 * by zero, if necessary.
187 */
188 if (!totalpages)
189 totalpages = 1;
190
191 /*
192 * The baseline for the badness score is the proportion of RAM that each
193 * task's rss and swap space use.
194 */
195 points = (get_mm_rss(p->mm) + get_mm_counter(p->mm, MM_SWAPENTS)) * 1000 /
196 totalpages;
Andrew Morton97c2c9b2006-04-18 22:20:38 -0700197 task_unlock(p);
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700198
199 /*
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700200 * Root processes get 3% bonus, just like the __vm_enough_memory()
201 * implementation used by LSMs.
Hugh Dickins7ba34852007-01-05 16:37:03 -0800202 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700203 if (has_capability_noaudit(p, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
204 points -= 30;
Hugh Dickins7ba34852007-01-05 16:37:03 -0800205
206 /*
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700207 * /proc/pid/oom_score_adj ranges from -1000 to +1000 such that it may
208 * either completely disable oom killing or always prefer a certain
209 * task.
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700210 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700211 points += p->signal->oom_score_adj;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700212
David Rientjesf19e8aa2010-09-22 13:04:52 -0700213 /*
214 * Never return 0 for an eligible task that may be killed since it's
215 * possible that no single user task uses more than 0.1% of memory and
216 * no single admin tasks uses more than 3.0%.
217 */
218 if (points <= 0)
219 return 1;
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700220 return (points < 1000) ? points : 1000;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700221}
222
223/*
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800224 * Determine the type of allocation constraint.
225 */
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800226#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800227static enum oom_constraint constrained_alloc(struct zonelist *zonelist,
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700228 gfp_t gfp_mask, nodemask_t *nodemask,
229 unsigned long *totalpages)
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800230{
Mel Gorman54a6eb52008-04-28 02:12:16 -0700231 struct zone *zone;
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700232 struct zoneref *z;
Mel Gorman54a6eb52008-04-28 02:12:16 -0700233 enum zone_type high_zoneidx = gfp_zone(gfp_mask);
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700234 bool cpuset_limited = false;
235 int nid;
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800236
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700237 /* Default to all available memory */
238 *totalpages = totalram_pages + total_swap_pages;
239
240 if (!zonelist)
241 return CONSTRAINT_NONE;
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800242 /*
243 * Reach here only when __GFP_NOFAIL is used. So, we should avoid
244 * to kill current.We have to random task kill in this case.
245 * Hopefully, CONSTRAINT_THISNODE...but no way to handle it, now.
246 */
247 if (gfp_mask & __GFP_THISNODE)
248 return CONSTRAINT_NONE;
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800249
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800250 /*
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700251 * This is not a __GFP_THISNODE allocation, so a truncated nodemask in
252 * the page allocator means a mempolicy is in effect. Cpuset policy
253 * is enforced in get_page_from_freelist().
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800254 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700255 if (nodemask && !nodes_subset(node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY], *nodemask)) {
256 *totalpages = total_swap_pages;
257 for_each_node_mask(nid, *nodemask)
258 *totalpages += node_spanned_pages(nid);
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800259 return CONSTRAINT_MEMORY_POLICY;
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700260 }
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800261
262 /* Check this allocation failure is caused by cpuset's wall function */
263 for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zonelist,
264 high_zoneidx, nodemask)
265 if (!cpuset_zone_allowed_softwall(zone, gfp_mask))
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700266 cpuset_limited = true;
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800267
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700268 if (cpuset_limited) {
269 *totalpages = total_swap_pages;
270 for_each_node_mask(nid, cpuset_current_mems_allowed)
271 *totalpages += node_spanned_pages(nid);
272 return CONSTRAINT_CPUSET;
273 }
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800274 return CONSTRAINT_NONE;
275}
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800276#else
277static enum oom_constraint constrained_alloc(struct zonelist *zonelist,
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700278 gfp_t gfp_mask, nodemask_t *nodemask,
279 unsigned long *totalpages)
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800280{
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700281 *totalpages = totalram_pages + total_swap_pages;
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800282 return CONSTRAINT_NONE;
283}
284#endif
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800285
286/*
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700287 * Simple selection loop. We chose the process with the highest
288 * number of 'points'. We expect the caller will lock the tasklist.
289 *
290 * (not docbooked, we don't want this one cluttering up the manual)
291 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700292static struct task_struct *select_bad_process(unsigned int *ppoints,
293 unsigned long totalpages, struct mem_cgroup *mem,
294 const nodemask_t *nodemask)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700295{
David Rientjes3a5dda72011-03-22 16:30:09 -0700296 struct task_struct *g, *p;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700297 struct task_struct *chosen = NULL;
Kurt Garloff9827b782006-02-20 18:27:51 -0800298 *ppoints = 0;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700299
David Rientjes3a5dda72011-03-22 16:30:09 -0700300 do_each_thread(g, p) {
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700301 unsigned int points;
Paul Jacksona49335c2005-09-06 15:18:09 -0700302
Andrey Vagin30e2b412011-03-22 16:30:11 -0700303 if (!p->mm)
304 continue;
KOSAKI Motohiroab290ad2010-08-09 17:19:35 -0700305 if (oom_unkillable_task(p, mem, nodemask))
David Rientjes6cf86ac2010-08-09 17:18:50 -0700306 continue;
Paul Jacksonef08e3b2005-09-06 15:18:13 -0700307
Paul Jacksona49335c2005-09-06 15:18:09 -0700308 /*
Nick Pigginb78483a2006-09-29 02:01:14 -0700309 * This task already has access to memory reserves and is
310 * being killed. Don't allow any other task access to the
311 * memory reserve.
312 *
313 * Note: this may have a chance of deadlock if it gets
314 * blocked waiting for another task which itself is waiting
315 * for memory. Is there a better alternative?
316 */
317 if (test_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_MEMDIE))
318 return ERR_PTR(-1UL);
319
Andrey Vagin30e2b412011-03-22 16:30:11 -0700320 if (p->flags & PF_EXITING) {
David Rientjesedd45542011-03-22 16:30:12 -0700321 /*
322 * If p is the current task and is in the process of
323 * releasing memory, we allow the "kill" to set
324 * TIF_MEMDIE, which will allow it to gain access to
325 * memory reserves. Otherwise, it may stall forever.
326 *
327 * The loop isn't broken here, however, in case other
328 * threads are found to have already been oom killed.
329 */
330 if (p == current) {
331 chosen = p;
332 *ppoints = 1000;
333 } else {
334 /*
335 * If this task is not being ptraced on exit,
336 * then wait for it to finish before killing
337 * some other task unnecessarily.
338 */
339 if (!(task_ptrace(p->group_leader) &
340 PT_TRACE_EXIT))
341 return ERR_PTR(-1UL);
342 }
Nick Piggin50ec3bb2006-09-25 23:31:29 -0700343 }
Oleg Nesterov972c4ea2006-09-29 02:01:12 -0700344
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700345 points = oom_badness(p, mem, nodemask, totalpages);
346 if (points > *ppoints) {
Paul Jacksona49335c2005-09-06 15:18:09 -0700347 chosen = p;
Kurt Garloff9827b782006-02-20 18:27:51 -0800348 *ppoints = points;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700349 }
David Rientjes3a5dda72011-03-22 16:30:09 -0700350 } while_each_thread(g, p);
Oleg Nesterov972c4ea2006-09-29 02:01:12 -0700351
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700352 return chosen;
353}
354
355/**
Randy Dunlap1b578df2008-03-19 17:00:42 -0700356 * dump_tasks - dump current memory state of all system tasks
David Rientjes74ab7f12010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700357 * @mem: current's memory controller, if constrained
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700358 * @nodemask: nodemask passed to page allocator for mempolicy ooms
Randy Dunlap1b578df2008-03-19 17:00:42 -0700359 *
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700360 * Dumps the current memory state of all eligible tasks. Tasks not in the same
361 * memcg, not in the same cpuset, or bound to a disjoint set of mempolicy nodes
362 * are not shown.
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800363 * State information includes task's pid, uid, tgid, vm size, rss, cpu, oom_adj
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700364 * value, oom_score_adj value, and name.
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800365 *
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800366 * Call with tasklist_lock read-locked.
367 */
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700368static void dump_tasks(const struct mem_cgroup *mem, const nodemask_t *nodemask)
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800369{
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700370 struct task_struct *p;
371 struct task_struct *task;
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800372
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700373 pr_info("[ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss cpu oom_adj oom_score_adj name\n");
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700374 for_each_process(p) {
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700375 if (oom_unkillable_task(p, mem, nodemask))
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800376 continue;
377
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700378 task = find_lock_task_mm(p);
379 if (!task) {
David Rientjes6d2661e2009-05-28 14:34:19 -0700380 /*
David Rientjes74ab7f12010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700381 * This is a kthread or all of p's threads have already
382 * detached their mm's. There's no need to report
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700383 * them; they can't be oom killed anyway.
David Rientjes6d2661e2009-05-28 14:34:19 -0700384 */
David Rientjes6d2661e2009-05-28 14:34:19 -0700385 continue;
386 }
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700387
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700388 pr_info("[%5d] %5d %5d %8lu %8lu %3u %3d %5d %s\n",
KOSAKI Motohiro8d6c83f2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700389 task->pid, task_uid(task), task->tgid,
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700390 task->mm->total_vm, get_mm_rss(task->mm),
391 task_cpu(task), task->signal->oom_adj,
392 task->signal->oom_score_adj, task->comm);
KOSAKI Motohiroc55db952010-08-09 17:18:46 -0700393 task_unlock(task);
394 }
David Rientjesfef1bdd2008-02-07 00:14:07 -0800395}
396
Daisuke Nishimurad31f56d2009-12-15 16:47:12 -0800397static void dump_header(struct task_struct *p, gfp_t gfp_mask, int order,
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700398 struct mem_cgroup *mem, const nodemask_t *nodemask)
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800399{
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700400 task_lock(current);
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800401 pr_warning("%s invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x%x, order=%d, "
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700402 "oom_adj=%d, oom_score_adj=%d\n",
403 current->comm, gfp_mask, order, current->signal->oom_adj,
404 current->signal->oom_score_adj);
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800405 cpuset_print_task_mems_allowed(current);
406 task_unlock(current);
407 dump_stack();
Daisuke Nishimurad31f56d2009-12-15 16:47:12 -0800408 mem_cgroup_print_oom_info(mem, p);
David Rientjesddd588b2011-03-22 16:30:46 -0700409 __show_mem(SHOW_MEM_FILTER_NODES);
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800410 if (sysctl_oom_dump_tasks)
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700411 dump_tasks(mem, nodemask);
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800412}
413
KOSAKI Motohiro3b4798c2009-12-15 16:45:32 -0800414#define K(x) ((x) << (PAGE_SHIFT-10))
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700415static int oom_kill_task(struct task_struct *p, struct mem_cgroup *mem)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700416{
David Rientjes1e99bad2010-10-26 14:21:24 -0700417 struct task_struct *q;
418 struct mm_struct *mm;
419
David Rientjesb940fd72010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700420 p = find_lock_task_mm(p);
KOSAKI Motohirobe71cf22010-08-19 14:13:38 -0700421 if (!p)
Dave Peterson01315922006-04-18 22:20:44 -0700422 return 1;
KOSAKI Motohirobe71cf22010-08-19 14:13:38 -0700423
David Rientjes1e99bad2010-10-26 14:21:24 -0700424 /* mm cannot be safely dereferenced after task_unlock(p) */
425 mm = p->mm;
426
David Rientjesb940fd72010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700427 pr_err("Killed process %d (%s) total-vm:%lukB, anon-rss:%lukB, file-rss:%lukB\n",
428 task_pid_nr(p), p->comm, K(p->mm->total_vm),
429 K(get_mm_counter(p->mm, MM_ANONPAGES)),
430 K(get_mm_counter(p->mm, MM_FILEPAGES)));
431 task_unlock(p);
KOSAKI Motohiro0753ba02009-08-18 14:11:10 -0700432
David Rientjes1e99bad2010-10-26 14:21:24 -0700433 /*
434 * Kill all processes sharing p->mm in other thread groups, if any.
435 * They don't get access to memory reserves or a higher scheduler
436 * priority, though, to avoid depletion of all memory or task
437 * starvation. This prevents mm->mmap_sem livelock when an oom killed
438 * task cannot exit because it requires the semaphore and its contended
439 * by another thread trying to allocate memory itself. That thread will
440 * now get access to memory reserves since it has a pending fatal
441 * signal.
442 */
443 for_each_process(q)
444 if (q->mm == mm && !same_thread_group(q, p)) {
445 task_lock(q); /* Protect ->comm from prctl() */
446 pr_err("Kill process %d (%s) sharing same memory\n",
447 task_pid_nr(q), q->comm);
448 task_unlock(q);
449 force_sig(SIGKILL, q);
450 }
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700451
David Rientjesb940fd72010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700452 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_MEMDIE);
453 force_sig(SIGKILL, p);
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700454
455 /*
456 * We give our sacrificial lamb high priority and access to
457 * all the memory it needs. That way it should be able to
458 * exit() and clear out its resources quickly...
459 */
460 boost_dying_task_prio(p, mem);
461
Dave Peterson01315922006-04-18 22:20:44 -0700462 return 0;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700463}
David Rientjesb940fd72010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700464#undef K
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700465
David Rientjes7213f502007-10-16 23:25:57 -0700466static int oom_kill_process(struct task_struct *p, gfp_t gfp_mask, int order,
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700467 unsigned int points, unsigned long totalpages,
468 struct mem_cgroup *mem, nodemask_t *nodemask,
469 const char *message)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700470{
Linus Torvalds52d3c032011-03-14 15:17:07 -0700471 struct task_struct *victim = p;
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700472 struct task_struct *child;
Linus Torvalds52d3c032011-03-14 15:17:07 -0700473 struct task_struct *t = p;
474 unsigned int victim_points = 0;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700475
David Rientjes1b604d72009-12-14 17:57:47 -0800476 if (printk_ratelimit())
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700477 dump_header(p, gfp_mask, order, mem, nodemask);
David Rientjes7213f502007-10-16 23:25:57 -0700478
Nick Piggin50ec3bb2006-09-25 23:31:29 -0700479 /*
480 * If the task is already exiting, don't alarm the sysadmin or kill
481 * its children or threads, just set TIF_MEMDIE so it can die quickly
482 */
KOSAKI Motohiro0753ba02009-08-18 14:11:10 -0700483 if (p->flags & PF_EXITING) {
David Rientjes43589972010-08-09 17:18:49 -0700484 set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_MEMDIE);
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700485 boost_dying_task_prio(p, mem);
Nick Piggin50ec3bb2006-09-25 23:31:29 -0700486 return 0;
487 }
488
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700489 task_lock(p);
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700490 pr_err("%s: Kill process %d (%s) score %d or sacrifice child\n",
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700491 message, task_pid_nr(p), p->comm, points);
492 task_unlock(p);
Nick Pigginf3af38d2006-12-06 20:31:51 -0800493
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700494 /*
495 * If any of p's children has a different mm and is eligible for kill,
496 * the one with the highest badness() score is sacrificed for its
497 * parent. This attempts to lose the minimal amount of work done while
498 * still freeing memory.
499 */
Oleg Nesterovdd8e8f42010-08-09 17:18:45 -0700500 do {
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700501 list_for_each_entry(child, &t->children, sibling) {
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700502 unsigned int child_points;
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700503
David Rientjesedd45542011-03-22 16:30:12 -0700504 if (child->mm == p->mm)
505 continue;
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700506 /*
507 * oom_badness() returns 0 if the thread is unkillable
508 */
509 child_points = oom_badness(child, mem, nodemask,
510 totalpages);
David Rientjes5e9d8342010-08-09 17:18:51 -0700511 if (child_points > victim_points) {
512 victim = child;
513 victim_points = child_points;
514 }
Oleg Nesterovdd8e8f42010-08-09 17:18:45 -0700515 }
516 } while_each_thread(p, t);
517
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700518 return oom_kill_task(victim, mem);
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700519}
520
David Rientjes309ed882010-08-09 17:18:54 -0700521/*
522 * Determines whether the kernel must panic because of the panic_on_oom sysctl.
523 */
524static void check_panic_on_oom(enum oom_constraint constraint, gfp_t gfp_mask,
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700525 int order, const nodemask_t *nodemask)
David Rientjes309ed882010-08-09 17:18:54 -0700526{
527 if (likely(!sysctl_panic_on_oom))
528 return;
529 if (sysctl_panic_on_oom != 2) {
530 /*
531 * panic_on_oom == 1 only affects CONSTRAINT_NONE, the kernel
532 * does not panic for cpuset, mempolicy, or memcg allocation
533 * failures.
534 */
535 if (constraint != CONSTRAINT_NONE)
536 return;
537 }
538 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700539 dump_header(NULL, gfp_mask, order, NULL, nodemask);
David Rientjes309ed882010-08-09 17:18:54 -0700540 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
541 panic("Out of memory: %s panic_on_oom is enabled\n",
542 sysctl_panic_on_oom == 2 ? "compulsory" : "system-wide");
543}
544
Balbir Singh00f0b822008-03-04 14:28:39 -0800545#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800546void mem_cgroup_out_of_memory(struct mem_cgroup *mem, gfp_t gfp_mask)
547{
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700548 unsigned long limit;
549 unsigned int points = 0;
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800550 struct task_struct *p;
551
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700552 check_panic_on_oom(CONSTRAINT_MEMCG, gfp_mask, 0, NULL);
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700553 limit = mem_cgroup_get_limit(mem) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
Li Zefane115f2d2008-04-15 14:34:37 -0700554 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800555retry:
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700556 p = select_bad_process(&points, limit, mem, NULL);
David Rientjesdf64f812010-05-26 14:42:41 -0700557 if (!p || PTR_ERR(p) == -1UL)
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800558 goto out;
559
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700560 if (oom_kill_process(p, gfp_mask, 0, points, limit, mem, NULL,
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800561 "Memory cgroup out of memory"))
562 goto retry;
563out:
Li Zefane115f2d2008-04-15 14:34:37 -0700564 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
Pavel Emelianovc7ba5c92008-02-07 00:13:58 -0800565}
566#endif
567
Martin Schwidefsky8bc719d2006-09-25 23:31:20 -0700568static BLOCKING_NOTIFIER_HEAD(oom_notify_list);
569
570int register_oom_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
571{
572 return blocking_notifier_chain_register(&oom_notify_list, nb);
573}
574EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_oom_notifier);
575
576int unregister_oom_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
577{
578 return blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(&oom_notify_list, nb);
579}
580EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_oom_notifier);
581
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700582/*
583 * Try to acquire the OOM killer lock for the zones in zonelist. Returns zero
584 * if a parallel OOM killing is already taking place that includes a zone in
585 * the zonelist. Otherwise, locks all zones in the zonelist and returns 1.
586 */
Minchan Kimff321fe2010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700587int try_set_zonelist_oom(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask)
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700588{
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700589 struct zoneref *z;
590 struct zone *zone;
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700591 int ret = 1;
592
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -0800593 spin_lock(&zone_scan_lock);
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700594 for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, gfp_zone(gfp_mask)) {
595 if (zone_is_oom_locked(zone)) {
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700596 ret = 0;
597 goto out;
598 }
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700599 }
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700600
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700601 for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, gfp_zone(gfp_mask)) {
602 /*
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -0800603 * Lock each zone in the zonelist under zone_scan_lock so a
Minchan Kimff321fe2010-08-09 17:18:57 -0700604 * parallel invocation of try_set_zonelist_oom() doesn't succeed
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700605 * when it shouldn't.
606 */
607 zone_set_flag(zone, ZONE_OOM_LOCKED);
608 }
609
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700610out:
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -0800611 spin_unlock(&zone_scan_lock);
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700612 return ret;
613}
614
615/*
616 * Clears the ZONE_OOM_LOCKED flag for all zones in the zonelist so that failed
617 * allocation attempts with zonelists containing them may now recall the OOM
618 * killer, if necessary.
619 */
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700620void clear_zonelist_oom(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask)
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700621{
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700622 struct zoneref *z;
623 struct zone *zone;
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700624
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -0800625 spin_lock(&zone_scan_lock);
Mel Gormandd1a2392008-04-28 02:12:17 -0700626 for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, gfp_zone(gfp_mask)) {
627 zone_clear_flag(zone, ZONE_OOM_LOCKED);
628 }
David Rientjesc7d4cae2009-01-06 14:39:00 -0800629 spin_unlock(&zone_scan_lock);
David Rientjes098d7f12007-10-16 23:25:55 -0700630}
631
Nick Piggin1c0fe6e2009-01-06 14:38:59 -0800632/*
David Rientjese3658932010-08-09 17:18:55 -0700633 * Try to acquire the oom killer lock for all system zones. Returns zero if a
634 * parallel oom killing is taking place, otherwise locks all zones and returns
635 * non-zero.
636 */
637static int try_set_system_oom(void)
638{
639 struct zone *zone;
640 int ret = 1;
641
642 spin_lock(&zone_scan_lock);
643 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
644 if (zone_is_oom_locked(zone)) {
645 ret = 0;
646 goto out;
647 }
648 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
649 zone_set_flag(zone, ZONE_OOM_LOCKED);
650out:
651 spin_unlock(&zone_scan_lock);
652 return ret;
653}
654
655/*
656 * Clears ZONE_OOM_LOCKED for all system zones so that failed allocation
657 * attempts or page faults may now recall the oom killer, if necessary.
658 */
659static void clear_system_oom(void)
660{
661 struct zone *zone;
662
663 spin_lock(&zone_scan_lock);
664 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
665 zone_clear_flag(zone, ZONE_OOM_LOCKED);
666 spin_unlock(&zone_scan_lock);
667}
668
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700669/**
Dave Peterson6937a252006-06-23 02:03:13 -0700670 * out_of_memory - kill the "best" process when we run out of memory
Randy Dunlap1b578df2008-03-19 17:00:42 -0700671 * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
672 * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags
673 * @order: amount of memory being requested as a power of 2
David Rientjes6f48d0eb2010-08-09 17:18:52 -0700674 * @nodemask: nodemask passed to page allocator
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700675 *
676 * If we run out of memory, we have the choice between either
677 * killing a random task (bad), letting the system crash (worse)
678 * OR try to be smart about which process to kill. Note that we
679 * don't have to be perfect here, we just have to be good.
680 */
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki4365a562009-12-15 16:45:33 -0800681void out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
682 int order, nodemask_t *nodemask)
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700683{
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700684 const nodemask_t *mpol_mask;
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700685 struct task_struct *p;
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700686 unsigned long totalpages;
Martin Schwidefsky8bc719d2006-09-25 23:31:20 -0700687 unsigned long freed = 0;
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700688 unsigned int points;
David Rientjese3658932010-08-09 17:18:55 -0700689 enum oom_constraint constraint = CONSTRAINT_NONE;
KOSAKI Motohirob52723c2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700690 int killed = 0;
Martin Schwidefsky8bc719d2006-09-25 23:31:20 -0700691
692 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&oom_notify_list, 0, &freed);
693 if (freed > 0)
694 /* Got some memory back in the last second. */
695 return;
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700696
David Rientjes7b98c2e2010-08-09 17:18:48 -0700697 /*
698 * If current has a pending SIGKILL, then automatically select it. The
699 * goal is to allow it to allocate so that it may quickly exit and free
700 * its memory.
701 */
702 if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
703 set_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE);
Luis Claudio R. Goncalves93b43fa2010-08-09 17:19:41 -0700704 boost_dying_task_prio(current, NULL);
David Rientjes7b98c2e2010-08-09 17:18:48 -0700705 return;
706 }
707
Christoph Lameter9b0f8b02006-02-20 18:27:52 -0800708 /*
709 * Check if there were limitations on the allocation (only relevant for
710 * NUMA) that may require different handling.
711 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700712 constraint = constrained_alloc(zonelist, gfp_mask, nodemask,
713 &totalpages);
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700714 mpol_mask = (constraint == CONSTRAINT_MEMORY_POLICY) ? nodemask : NULL;
715 check_panic_on_oom(constraint, gfp_mask, order, mpol_mask);
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700716
David Rientjes2b45ab32007-05-06 14:50:00 -0700717 read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
KOSAKI Motohirof88ccad2010-08-09 17:19:36 -0700718 if (sysctl_oom_kill_allocating_task &&
KOSAKI Motohiroa96cfd62010-08-09 17:19:38 -0700719 !oom_unkillable_task(current, NULL, nodemask) &&
David Rientjese18641e2010-10-26 14:21:23 -0700720 current->mm && !atomic_read(&current->mm->oom_disable_count)) {
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700721 /*
722 * oom_kill_process() needs tasklist_lock held. If it returns
723 * non-zero, current could not be killed so we must fallback to
724 * the tasklist scan.
725 */
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700726 if (!oom_kill_process(current, gfp_mask, order, 0, totalpages,
727 NULL, nodemask,
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700728 "Out of memory (oom_kill_allocating_task)"))
KOSAKI Motohirob52723c2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700729 goto out;
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700730 }
731
732retry:
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700733 p = select_bad_process(&points, totalpages, NULL, mpol_mask);
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700734 if (PTR_ERR(p) == -1UL)
KOSAKI Motohirob52723c2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700735 goto out;
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700736
737 /* Found nothing?!?! Either we hang forever, or we panic. */
738 if (!p) {
David Rientjese85bfd32010-09-22 13:05:10 -0700739 dump_header(NULL, gfp_mask, order, NULL, mpol_mask);
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700740 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
741 panic("Out of memory and no killable processes...\n");
742 }
743
David Rientjesa63d83f2010-08-09 17:19:46 -0700744 if (oom_kill_process(p, gfp_mask, order, points, totalpages, NULL,
745 nodemask, "Out of memory"))
David Rientjes0aad4b32010-08-09 17:18:59 -0700746 goto retry;
KOSAKI Motohirob52723c2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700747 killed = 1;
748out:
Andrew Morton140ffce2006-03-02 02:54:28 -0800749 read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700750
751 /*
752 * Give "p" a good chance of killing itself before we
Kirill Korotaev2f659f42006-01-08 01:01:05 -0800753 * retry to allocate memory unless "p" is current
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700754 */
KOSAKI Motohirob52723c2010-08-19 14:13:39 -0700755 if (killed && !test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
Andrew Morton140ffce2006-03-02 02:54:28 -0800756 schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
Linus Torvalds1da177e2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700757}
David Rientjese3658932010-08-09 17:18:55 -0700758
759/*
760 * The pagefault handler calls here because it is out of memory, so kill a
761 * memory-hogging task. If a populated zone has ZONE_OOM_LOCKED set, a parallel
762 * oom killing is already in progress so do nothing. If a task is found with
763 * TIF_MEMDIE set, it has been killed so do nothing and allow it to exit.
764 */
765void pagefault_out_of_memory(void)
766{
767 if (try_set_system_oom()) {
768 out_of_memory(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
769 clear_system_oom();
770 }
771 if (!test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
772 schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
773}