runtime/fault_handler.cc

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include "fault_handler.h"

#include <setjmp.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ucontext.h>

#include "art_method-inl.h"
#include "base/stl_util.h"
#include "mirror/class.h"
#include "oat_quick_method_header.h"
#include "sigchain.h"
#include "thread-inl.h"
#include "verify_object-inl.h"

namespace art {
// Static fault manger object accessed by signal handler.
FaultManager fault_manager;

extern "C" __attribute__((visibility("default"))) void art_sigsegv_fault() {
  // Set a breakpoint here to be informed when a SIGSEGV is unhandled by ART.
  VLOG(signals)<< "Caught unknown SIGSEGV in ART fault handler - chaining to next handler.";
}

// Signal handler called on SIGSEGV.
static void art_fault_handler(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* context) {
  fault_manager.HandleFault(sig, info, context);
}

FaultManager::FaultManager() : initialized_(false) {
  sigaction(SIGSEGV, nullptr, &oldaction_);
}

FaultManager::~FaultManager() {
}

static void SetUpArtAction(struct sigaction* action) {
  action->sa_sigaction = art_fault_handler;
  sigemptyset(&action->sa_mask);
  action->sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_ONSTACK;
#if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__mips__)
  action->sa_restorer = nullptr;
#endif
}

void FaultManager::EnsureArtActionInFrontOfSignalChain() {
  if (initialized_) {
    struct sigaction action;
    SetUpArtAction(&action);
    EnsureFrontOfChain(SIGSEGV, &action);
  } else {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Can't call " << __FUNCTION__ << " due to unitialized fault manager";
  }
}

void FaultManager::Init() {
  CHECK(!initialized_);
  struct sigaction action;
  SetUpArtAction(&action);

  // Set our signal handler now.
  int e = sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, &oldaction_);
  if (e != 0) {
    VLOG(signals) << "Failed to claim SEGV: " << strerror(errno);
  }
  // Make sure our signal handler is called before any user handlers.
  ClaimSignalChain(SIGSEGV, &oldaction_);
  initialized_ = true;
}

void FaultManager::Release() {
  if (initialized_) {
    UnclaimSignalChain(SIGSEGV);
    initialized_ = false;
  }
}

void FaultManager::Shutdown() {
  if (initialized_) {
    Release();

    // Free all handlers.
    STLDeleteElements(&generated_code_handlers_);
    STLDeleteElements(&other_handlers_);
  }
}

bool FaultManager::HandleFaultByOtherHandlers(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* context) {
  if (other_handlers_.empty()) {
    return false;
  }

  Thread* self = Thread::Current();

  DCHECK(self != nullptr);
  DCHECK(Runtime::Current() != nullptr);
  DCHECK(Runtime::Current()->IsStarted());
  for (const auto& handler : other_handlers_) {
    if (handler->Action(sig, info, context)) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

class ScopedSignalUnblocker {
 public:
  explicit ScopedSignalUnblocker(const std::initializer_list<int>& signals) {
    sigset_t new_mask;
    sigemptyset(&new_mask);
    for (int signal : signals) {
      sigaddset(&new_mask, signal);
    }
    if (sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &new_mask, &previous_mask_) != 0) {
      PLOG(FATAL) << "failed to unblock signals";
    }
  }

  ~ScopedSignalUnblocker() {
    if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &previous_mask_, nullptr) != 0) {
      PLOG(FATAL) << "failed to unblock signals";
    }
  }

 private:
  sigset_t previous_mask_;
};

class ScopedHandlingSignalSetter {
 public:
  explicit ScopedHandlingSignalSetter(Thread* thread) : thread_(thread) {
    CHECK(!thread->HandlingSignal());
    thread_->SetHandlingSignal(true);
  }

  ~ScopedHandlingSignalSetter() {
    CHECK(thread_->HandlingSignal());
    thread_->SetHandlingSignal(false);
  }

 private:
  Thread* thread_;
};

void FaultManager::HandleFault(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* context) {
  // BE CAREFUL ALLOCATING HERE INCLUDING USING LOG(...)
  //
  // If malloc calls abort, it will be holding its lock.
  // If the handler tries to call malloc, it will deadlock.

  // Use a thread local field to track whether we're recursing, and fall back.
  // (e.g.. if one of our handlers crashed)
  Thread* thread = Thread::Current();

  if (thread != nullptr && !thread->HandlingSignal()) {
    // Unblock some signals and set thread->handling_signal_ to true,
    // so that we can catch crashes in our signal handler.
    ScopedHandlingSignalSetter setter(thread);
    ScopedSignalUnblocker unblocker { SIGABRT, SIGBUS, SIGSEGV }; // NOLINT

    VLOG(signals) << "Handling fault";

#ifdef TEST_NESTED_SIGNAL
    // Simulate a crash in a handler.
    raise(SIGSEGV);
#endif

    if (IsInGeneratedCode(info, context, true)) {
      VLOG(signals) << "in generated code, looking for handler";
      for (const auto& handler : generated_code_handlers_) {
        VLOG(signals) << "invoking Action on handler " << handler;
        if (handler->Action(sig, info, context)) {
          // We have handled a signal so it's time to return from the
          // signal handler to the appropriate place.
          return;
        }
      }

      // We hit a signal we didn't handle.  This might be something for which
      // we can give more information about so call all registered handlers to
      // see if it is.
      if (HandleFaultByOtherHandlers(sig, info, context)) {
        return;
      }
    }
  }

  // Set a breakpoint in this function to catch unhandled signals.
  art_sigsegv_fault();

  // Pass this on to the next handler in the chain, or the default if none.
  InvokeUserSignalHandler(sig, info, context);
}

void FaultManager::AddHandler(FaultHandler* handler, bool generated_code) {
  DCHECK(initialized_);
  if (generated_code) {
    generated_code_handlers_.push_back(handler);
  } else {
    other_handlers_.push_back(handler);
  }
}

void FaultManager::RemoveHandler(FaultHandler* handler) {
  auto it = std::find(generated_code_handlers_.begin(), generated_code_handlers_.end(), handler);
  if (it != generated_code_handlers_.end()) {
    generated_code_handlers_.erase(it);
    return;
  }
  auto it2 = std::find(other_handlers_.begin(), other_handlers_.end(), handler);
  if (it2 != other_handlers_.end()) {
    other_handlers_.erase(it);
    return;
  }
  LOG(FATAL) << "Attempted to remove non existent handler " << handler;
}

// This function is called within the signal handler.  It checks that
// the mutator_lock is held (shared).  No annotalysis is done.
bool FaultManager::IsInGeneratedCode(siginfo_t* siginfo, void* context, bool check_dex_pc) {
  // We can only be running Java code in the current thread if it
  // is in Runnable state.
  VLOG(signals) << "Checking for generated code";
  Thread* thread = Thread::Current();
  if (thread == nullptr) {
    VLOG(signals) << "no current thread";
    return false;
  }

  ThreadState state = thread->GetState();
  if (state != kRunnable) {
    VLOG(signals) << "not runnable";
    return false;
  }

  // Current thread is runnable.
  // Make sure it has the mutator lock.
  if (!Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(thread)) {
    VLOG(signals) << "no lock";
    return false;
  }

  ArtMethod* method_obj = nullptr;
  uintptr_t return_pc = 0;
  uintptr_t sp = 0;

  // Get the architecture specific method address and return address.  These
  // are in architecture specific files in arch/<arch>/fault_handler_<arch>.
  GetMethodAndReturnPcAndSp(siginfo, context, &method_obj, &return_pc, &sp);

  // If we don't have a potential method, we're outta here.
  VLOG(signals) << "potential method: " << method_obj;
  // TODO: Check linear alloc and image.
  DCHECK_ALIGNED(ArtMethod::Size(kRuntimePointerSize), sizeof(void*))
      << "ArtMethod is not pointer aligned";
  if (method_obj == nullptr || !IsAligned<sizeof(void*)>(method_obj)) {
    VLOG(signals) << "no method";
    return false;
  }

  // Verify that the potential method is indeed a method.
  // TODO: check the GC maps to make sure it's an object.
  // Check that the class pointer inside the object is not null and is aligned.
  // TODO: Method might be not a heap address, and GetClass could fault.
  // No read barrier because method_obj may not be a real object.
  mirror::Class* cls = method_obj->GetDeclaringClassUnchecked<kWithoutReadBarrier>();
  if (cls == nullptr) {
    VLOG(signals) << "not a class";
    return false;
  }
  if (!IsAligned<kObjectAlignment>(cls)) {
    VLOG(signals) << "not aligned";
    return false;
  }


  if (!VerifyClassClass(cls)) {
    VLOG(signals) << "not a class class";
    return false;
  }

  const OatQuickMethodHeader* method_header = method_obj->GetOatQuickMethodHeader(return_pc);

  // We can be certain that this is a method now.  Check if we have a GC map
  // at the return PC address.
  if (true || kIsDebugBuild) {
    VLOG(signals) << "looking for dex pc for return pc " << std::hex << return_pc;
    uint32_t sought_offset = return_pc -
        reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(method_header->GetEntryPoint());
    VLOG(signals) << "pc offset: " << std::hex << sought_offset;
  }
  uint32_t dexpc = method_header->ToDexPc(method_obj, return_pc, false);
  VLOG(signals) << "dexpc: " << dexpc;
  return !check_dex_pc || dexpc != DexFile::kDexNoIndex;
}

FaultHandler::FaultHandler(FaultManager* manager) : manager_(manager) {
}

//
// Null pointer fault handler
//
NullPointerHandler::NullPointerHandler(FaultManager* manager) : FaultHandler(manager) {
  manager_->AddHandler(this, true);
}

//
// Suspension fault handler
//
SuspensionHandler::SuspensionHandler(FaultManager* manager) : FaultHandler(manager) {
  manager_->AddHandler(this, true);
}

//
// Stack overflow fault handler
//
StackOverflowHandler::StackOverflowHandler(FaultManager* manager) : FaultHandler(manager) {
  manager_->AddHandler(this, true);
}

//
// Stack trace handler, used to help get a stack trace from SIGSEGV inside of compiled code.
//
JavaStackTraceHandler::JavaStackTraceHandler(FaultManager* manager) : FaultHandler(manager) {
  manager_->AddHandler(this, false);
}

bool JavaStackTraceHandler::Action(int sig ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* context) {
  // Make sure that we are in the generated code, but we may not have a dex pc.
  bool in_generated_code = manager_->IsInGeneratedCode(siginfo, context, false);
  if (in_generated_code) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Dumping java stack trace for crash in generated code";
    ArtMethod* method = nullptr;
    uintptr_t return_pc = 0;
    uintptr_t sp = 0;
    Thread* self = Thread::Current();

    manager_->GetMethodAndReturnPcAndSp(siginfo, context, &method, &return_pc, &sp);
    // Inside of generated code, sp[0] is the method, so sp is the frame.
    self->SetTopOfStack(reinterpret_cast<ArtMethod**>(sp));
    self->DumpJavaStack(LOG_STREAM(ERROR));
  }

  return false;  // Return false since we want to propagate the fault to the main signal handler.
}

}   // namespace art