Add an example of power monitor driver implementation.

Implementation of a driver to connect to the monsoon power monitor.

Change-Id: Ie253610a4e72060985823edc595853a0aa64ae6c
diff --git a/tools/utils/monsoon.py b/tools/utils/monsoon.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f3d63c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/utils/monsoon.py
@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python2.6
+
+# Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Interface for a USB-connected Monsoon power meter
+(http://msoon.com/LabEquipment/PowerMonitor/).
+This file requires gflags, which requires setuptools.
+To install setuptools: sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
+To install gflags, see http://code.google.com/p/python-gflags/
+To install pyserial, see http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/
+
+Example usages:
+  Set the voltage of the device 7536 to 4.0V
+  python2.6 monsoon.py --voltage=4.0 --serialno 7536
+
+  Get 5000hz data from device number 7536, with unlimited number of samples
+  python2.6 monsoon.py --samples -1 --hz 5000 --serialno 7536
+
+  Get 200Hz data for 5 seconds (1000 events) from default device
+  python2.6 monsoon.py --samples 100 --hz 200
+
+  Get unlimited 200Hz data from device attached at /dev/ttyACM0
+  python2.6 monsoon.py --samples -1 --hz 200 --device /dev/ttyACM0
+"""
+
+import fcntl
+import os
+import select
+import signal
+import stat
+import struct
+import sys
+import time
+import collections
+
+import gflags as flags  # http://code.google.com/p/python-gflags/
+
+import serial           # http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/
+
+FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
+
+class Monsoon:
+  """
+  Provides a simple class to use the power meter, e.g.
+  mon = monsoon.Monsoon()
+  mon.SetVoltage(3.7)
+  mon.StartDataCollection()
+  mydata = []
+  while len(mydata) < 1000:
+    mydata.extend(mon.CollectData())
+  mon.StopDataCollection()
+  """
+
+  def __init__(self, device=None, serialno=None, wait=1):
+    """
+    Establish a connection to a Monsoon.
+    By default, opens the first available port, waiting if none are ready.
+    A particular port can be specified with "device", or a particular Monsoon
+    can be specified with "serialno" (using the number printed on its back).
+    With wait=0, IOError is thrown if a device is not immediately available.
+    """
+
+    self._coarse_ref = self._fine_ref = self._coarse_zero = self._fine_zero = 0
+    self._coarse_scale = self._fine_scale = 0
+    self._last_seq = 0
+    self.start_voltage = 0
+
+    if device:
+      self.ser = serial.Serial(device, timeout=1)
+      return
+
+    while True:  # try all /dev/ttyACM* until we find one we can use
+      for dev in os.listdir("/dev"):
+        if not dev.startswith("ttyACM"): continue
+        tmpname = "/tmp/monsoon.%s.%s" % (os.uname()[0], dev)
+        self._tempfile = open(tmpname, "w")
+        try:
+          os.chmod(tmpname, 0666)
+        except OSError:
+          pass
+        try:  # use a lockfile to ensure exclusive access
+          fcntl.lockf(self._tempfile, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+        except IOError as e:
+          print >>sys.stderr, "device %s is in use" % dev
+          continue
+
+        try:  # try to open the device
+          self.ser = serial.Serial("/dev/%s" % dev, timeout=1)
+          self.StopDataCollection()  # just in case
+          self._FlushInput()  # discard stale input
+          status = self.GetStatus()
+        except Exception as e:
+          print >>sys.stderr, "error opening device %s: %s" % (dev, e)
+          continue
+
+        if not status:
+          print >>sys.stderr, "no response from device %s" % dev
+        elif serialno and status["serialNumber"] != serialno:
+          print >>sys.stderr, ("Note: another device serial #%d seen on %s" %
+                               (status["serialNumber"], dev))
+        else:
+          self.start_voltage = status["voltage1"]
+          return
+
+      self._tempfile = None
+      if not wait: raise IOError("No device found")
+      print >>sys.stderr, "waiting for device..."
+      time.sleep(1)
+
+
+  def GetStatus(self):
+    """ Requests and waits for status.  Returns status dictionary. """
+
+    # status packet format
+    STATUS_FORMAT = ">BBBhhhHhhhHBBBxBbHBHHHHBbbHHBBBbbbbbbbbbBH"
+    STATUS_FIELDS = [
+        "packetType", "firmwareVersion", "protocolVersion",
+        "mainFineCurrent", "usbFineCurrent", "auxFineCurrent", "voltage1",
+        "mainCoarseCurrent", "usbCoarseCurrent", "auxCoarseCurrent", "voltage2",
+        "outputVoltageSetting", "temperature", "status", "leds",
+        "mainFineResistor", "serialNumber", "sampleRate",
+        "dacCalLow", "dacCalHigh",
+        "powerUpCurrentLimit", "runTimeCurrentLimit", "powerUpTime",
+        "usbFineResistor", "auxFineResistor",
+        "initialUsbVoltage", "initialAuxVoltage",
+        "hardwareRevision", "temperatureLimit", "usbPassthroughMode",
+        "mainCoarseResistor", "usbCoarseResistor", "auxCoarseResistor",
+        "defMainFineResistor", "defUsbFineResistor", "defAuxFineResistor",
+        "defMainCoarseResistor", "defUsbCoarseResistor", "defAuxCoarseResistor",
+        "eventCode", "eventData", ]
+
+    self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x00, 0x00)
+    while True:  # Keep reading, discarding non-status packets
+      bytes = self._ReadPacket()
+      if not bytes: return None
+      if len(bytes) != struct.calcsize(STATUS_FORMAT) or bytes[0] != "\x10":
+        print >>sys.stderr, "wanted status, dropped type=0x%02x, len=%d" % (
+                ord(bytes[0]), len(bytes))
+        continue
+
+      status = dict(zip(STATUS_FIELDS, struct.unpack(STATUS_FORMAT, bytes)))
+      assert status["packetType"] == 0x10
+      for k in status.keys():
+        if k.endswith("VoltageSetting"):
+          status[k] = 2.0 + status[k] * 0.01
+        elif k.endswith("FineCurrent"):
+          pass # needs calibration data
+        elif k.endswith("CoarseCurrent"):
+          pass # needs calibration data
+        elif k.startswith("voltage") or k.endswith("Voltage"):
+          status[k] = status[k] * 0.000125
+        elif k.endswith("Resistor"):
+          status[k] = 0.05 + status[k] * 0.0001
+          if k.startswith("aux") or k.startswith("defAux"): status[k] += 0.05
+        elif k.endswith("CurrentLimit"):
+          status[k] = 8 * (1023 - status[k]) / 1023.0
+      return status
+
+  def RampVoltage(self, start, end):
+    v = start
+    if v < 3.0: v = 3.0       # protocol doesn't support lower than this
+    while (v < end):
+      self.SetVoltage(v)
+      v += .1
+      time.sleep(.1)
+    self.SetVoltage(end)
+
+  def SetVoltage(self, v):
+    """ Set the output voltage, 0 to disable. """
+    if v == 0:
+      self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x01, 0x00)
+    else:
+      self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x01, int((v - 2.0) * 100))
+
+
+  def SetMaxCurrent(self, i):
+    """Set the max output current."""
+    assert i >= 0 and i <= 8
+
+    val = 1023 - int((i/8)*1023)
+    self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x0a, val & 0xff)
+    self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x0b, val >> 8)
+
+  def SetUsbPassthrough(self, val):
+    """ Set the USB passthrough mode: 0 = off, 1 = on,  2 = auto. """
+    self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x10, val)
+
+
+  def StartDataCollection(self):
+    """ Tell the device to start collecting and sending measurement data. """
+    self._SendStruct("BBB", 0x01, 0x1b, 0x01) # Mystery command
+    self._SendStruct("BBBBBBB", 0x02, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x03, 0xe8)
+
+
+  def StopDataCollection(self):
+    """ Tell the device to stop collecting measurement data. """
+    self._SendStruct("BB", 0x03, 0x00) # stop
+
+
+  def CollectData(self):
+    """ Return some current samples.  Call StartDataCollection() first. """
+    while True:  # loop until we get data or a timeout
+      bytes = self._ReadPacket()
+      if not bytes: return None
+      if len(bytes) < 4 + 8 + 1 or bytes[0] < "\x20" or bytes[0] > "\x2F":
+        print >>sys.stderr, "wanted data, dropped type=0x%02x, len=%d" % (
+            ord(bytes[0]), len(bytes))
+        continue
+
+      seq, type, x, y = struct.unpack("BBBB", bytes[:4])
+      data = [struct.unpack(">hhhh", bytes[x:x+8])
+              for x in range(4, len(bytes) - 8, 8)]
+
+      if self._last_seq and seq & 0xF != (self._last_seq + 1) & 0xF:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "data sequence skipped, lost packet?"
+      self._last_seq = seq
+
+      if type == 0:
+        if not self._coarse_scale or not self._fine_scale:
+          print >>sys.stderr, "waiting for calibration, dropped data packet"
+          continue
+
+        out = []
+        for main, usb, aux, voltage in data:
+          if main & 1:
+            out.append(((main & ~1) - self._coarse_zero) * self._coarse_scale)
+          else:
+            out.append((main - self._fine_zero) * self._fine_scale)
+        return out
+
+      elif type == 1:
+        self._fine_zero = data[0][0]
+        self._coarse_zero = data[1][0]
+        # print >>sys.stderr, "zero calibration: fine 0x%04x, coarse 0x%04x" % (
+        #     self._fine_zero, self._coarse_zero)
+
+      elif type == 2:
+        self._fine_ref = data[0][0]
+        self._coarse_ref = data[1][0]
+        # print >>sys.stderr, "ref calibration: fine 0x%04x, coarse 0x%04x" % (
+        #     self._fine_ref, self._coarse_ref)
+
+      else:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "discarding data packet type=0x%02x" % type
+        continue
+
+      if self._coarse_ref != self._coarse_zero:
+        self._coarse_scale = 2.88 / (self._coarse_ref - self._coarse_zero)
+      if self._fine_ref != self._fine_zero:
+        self._fine_scale = 0.0332 / (self._fine_ref - self._fine_zero)
+
+
+  def _SendStruct(self, fmt, *args):
+    """ Pack a struct (without length or checksum) and send it. """
+    data = struct.pack(fmt, *args)
+    data_len = len(data) + 1
+    checksum = (data_len + sum(struct.unpack("B" * len(data), data))) % 256
+    out = struct.pack("B", data_len) + data + struct.pack("B", checksum)
+    self.ser.write(out)
+
+
+  def _ReadPacket(self):
+    """ Read a single data record as a string (without length or checksum). """
+    len_char = self.ser.read(1)
+    if not len_char:
+      print >>sys.stderr, "timeout reading from serial port"
+      return None
+
+    data_len = struct.unpack("B", len_char)
+    data_len = ord(len_char)
+    if not data_len: return ""
+
+    result = self.ser.read(data_len)
+    if len(result) != data_len: return None
+    body = result[:-1]
+    checksum = (data_len + sum(struct.unpack("B" * len(body), body))) % 256
+    if result[-1] != struct.pack("B", checksum):
+      print >>sys.stderr, "invalid checksum from serial port"
+      return None
+    return result[:-1]
+
+  def _FlushInput(self):
+    """ Flush all read data until no more available. """
+    self.ser.flush()
+    flushed = 0
+    while True:
+      ready_r, ready_w, ready_x = select.select([self.ser], [], [self.ser], 0)
+      if len(ready_x) > 0:
+        print >>sys.stderr, "exception from serial port"
+        return None
+      elif len(ready_r) > 0:
+        flushed += 1
+        self.ser.read(1)  # This may cause underlying buffering.
+        self.ser.flush()  # Flush the underlying buffer too.
+      else:
+        break
+    if flushed > 0:
+      print >>sys.stderr, "dropped >%d bytes" % flushed
+
+def main(argv):
+  """ Simple command-line interface for Monsoon."""
+  useful_flags = ["voltage", "status", "usbpassthrough", "samples", "current"]
+  if not [f for f in useful_flags if FLAGS.get(f, None) is not None]:
+    print __doc__.strip()
+    print FLAGS.MainModuleHelp()
+    return
+
+  if FLAGS.avg and FLAGS.avg < 0:
+    print "--avg must be greater than 0"
+    return
+
+  mon = Monsoon(device=FLAGS.device, serialno=FLAGS.serialno)
+
+  if FLAGS.voltage is not None:
+    if FLAGS.ramp is not None:
+      mon.RampVoltage(mon.start_voltage, FLAGS.voltage)
+    else:
+      mon.SetVoltage(FLAGS.voltage)
+
+  if FLAGS.current is not None:
+    mon.SetMaxCurrent(FLAGS.current)
+
+  if FLAGS.status:
+    items = sorted(mon.GetStatus().items())
+    print "\n".join(["%s: %s" % item for item in items])
+
+  if FLAGS.usbpassthrough:
+    if FLAGS.usbpassthrough == 'off':
+      mon.SetUsbPassthrough(0)
+    elif FLAGS.usbpassthrough == 'on':
+      mon.SetUsbPassthrough(1)
+    elif FLAGS.usbpassthrough == 'auto':
+      mon.SetUsbPassthrough(2)
+    else:
+      sys.exit('bad passthrough flag: %s' % FLAGS.usbpassthrough)
+
+  if FLAGS.samples:
+    # Make sure state is normal
+    mon.StopDataCollection()
+    status = mon.GetStatus()
+    native_hz = status["sampleRate"] * 1000
+
+    # Collect and average samples as specified
+    mon.StartDataCollection()
+
+    # In case FLAGS.hz doesn't divide native_hz exactly, use this invariant:
+    # 'offset' = (consumed samples) * FLAGS.hz - (emitted samples) * native_hz
+    # This is the error accumulator in a variation of Bresenham's algorithm.
+    emitted = offset = 0
+    collected = []
+    history_deque = collections.deque() # past n samples for rolling average
+
+    try:
+      last_flush = time.time()
+      while emitted < FLAGS.samples or FLAGS.samples == -1:
+        # The number of raw samples to consume before emitting the next output
+        need = (native_hz - offset + FLAGS.hz - 1) / FLAGS.hz
+        if need > len(collected):     # still need more input samples
+          samples = mon.CollectData()
+          if not samples: break
+          collected.extend(samples)
+        else:
+          # Have enough data, generate output samples.
+          # Adjust for consuming 'need' input samples.
+          offset += need * FLAGS.hz
+          while offset >= native_hz:  # maybe multiple, if FLAGS.hz > native_hz
+            this_sample = sum(collected[:need]) / need
+
+            if FLAGS.timestamp: print int(time.time()),
+
+            if FLAGS.avg:
+              history_deque.appendleft(this_sample)
+              if len(history_deque) > FLAGS.avg: history_deque.pop()
+              print "%f %f" % (this_sample,
+                               sum(history_deque) / len(history_deque))
+            else:
+              print "%f" % this_sample
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+
+            offset -= native_hz
+            emitted += 1              # adjust for emitting 1 output sample
+          collected = collected[need:]
+          now = time.time()
+          if now - last_flush >= 0.99:  # flush every second
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            last_flush = now
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+      print >>sys.stderr, "interrupted"
+
+    mon.StopDataCollection()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  # Define flags here to avoid conflicts with people who use us as a library
+  flags.DEFINE_boolean("status", None, "Print power meter status")
+  flags.DEFINE_integer("avg", None,
+                       "Also report average over last n data points")
+  flags.DEFINE_float("voltage", None, "Set output voltage (0 for off)")
+  flags.DEFINE_float("current", None, "Set max output current")
+  flags.DEFINE_string("usbpassthrough", None, "USB control (on, off, auto)")
+  flags.DEFINE_integer("samples", None, "Collect and print this many samples")
+  flags.DEFINE_integer("hz", 5000, "Print this many samples/sec")
+  flags.DEFINE_string("device", None,
+                      "Path to the device in /dev/... (ex:/dev/ttyACM1)")
+  flags.DEFINE_integer("serialno", None, "Look for a device with this serial number")
+  flags.DEFINE_boolean("timestamp", None,
+                       "Also print integer (seconds) timestamp on each line")
+  flags.DEFINE_boolean("ramp", True, "Gradually increase voltage")
+
+  main(FLAGS(sys.argv))