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cristy	29dc865	2015-05-12 16:26:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6	<html lang="en">
cristy	ad41c0c	2012-10-31 00:49:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7	<head>
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cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	9	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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href="command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#storage-type">‑storage‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wavelet-denoise">‑wavelet‑denoise</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	56
				57	<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
				58
				59	<div style="margin: auto;">
				60	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				61	</div>
				62
				63	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
				64
				65	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				66	defaults to 1.</p>
				67
				68	<div style="margin: auto;">
				69	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				70	</div>
				71
				72	<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
				73
				74	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	75	option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
				76	href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
				77	Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
				78	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	79
				80	<div style="margin: auto;">
				81	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				82	</div>
				83
				84	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
				85
				86	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				87	(<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				88	defaults to 1.</p>
				89
				90	<div style="margin: auto;">
				91	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
				92	</div>
				93
				94	<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
				95
				96	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				97	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				98	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				99	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				100	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				101	adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				102	make distinct names for each image. </p>
				103
				104	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				105	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				106	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				107
				108	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				109	automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				110	where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				111	strings, such as '<code>%d</code>' or '<code>%03d</code>', are familiar to those
				112	who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
				113	example, the command</p>
				114
				115	<pre>
				116	convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
				117	</pre>
				118
				119	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				120	<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				121	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
				122
				123	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				124	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...</p>
				125	<ol>
				126	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
				127	<li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
				128	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				129	filename.</li>
				130	</ol>
				131
				132
				133	<div style="margin: auto;">
				134	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				135	<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
				136	</div>
				137
				138	<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
				139
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	140	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				141	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	142
				143	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				144	quotes or without spaces. </p>
				145
				146	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				147	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				148	coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at
				149	position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
				150	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				151
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	152	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	153
				154	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				155	contains the transformed source image. The parameters
				156	<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				157	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				158	image area are cut off.</p>
				159
				160	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				161	system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
				162	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				163
				164	<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
				165	<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				166	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				167
				168	<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
				169	<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
				170	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				171
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	172	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				173	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	174	information </p>
				175
				176
				177	<pre>
				178	-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
				179	</pre>
				180
				181	<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				182
				183	<pre>
				184	-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				185	</pre>
				186
				187	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
				188	<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
				189	= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
				190
				191	<pre>
				192	-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
				193	</pre>
				194
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	195	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
				196	transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
				197	>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	198	of the individual transformations.</p>
				199
				200	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
				201	matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				202
				203	<div style="margin: auto;">
				204	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
				205	</div>
				206
				207	<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
				208
				209	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				210	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
				211
				212	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				213	<dt>Activate</dt>
				214	<dd>
				215	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
				216	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				217	preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
				218	channel. </dd>
				219
				220	<dt>Associate</dt>
				221	<dd>
				222	associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
				223
				224	<dt>Deactivate</dt>
				225	<dd>
				226	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
				227	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
				228
				229	<dt>Disassociate</dt>
				230	<dd>
				231	disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
				232
				233	<dt>Set</dt>
				234	<dd>
				235	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				236	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				237	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
				238
				239	<dt>Opaque</dt>
				240	<dd>
				241	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				242	</dd>
				243
				244	<dt>Transparent</dt>
				245	<dd>
				246	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
				247	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				248	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				249	intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
				250
				251	<dt>Extract</dt>
				252	<dd>
				253	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
				254	'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	255	a grayscale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	256	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
				257	</dd>
				258
				259	<dt>Copy</dt>
				260	<dd>
				261	Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	262	grayscale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				263	a grayscale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	264	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
				265
				266	<dt>Shape</dt>
				267	<dd>
				268	As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
				269	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				270	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
				271	</dd>
				272
				273	<dt>Remove</dt>
				274	<dd>
				275	Composite the image over the background color.
				276	</dd>
				277
				278	<dt>Background</dt>
				279	<dd>
				280	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				281	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				282	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				283	and thus can compress better.
				284	</dd>
				285	</dl>
				286
				287	<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	288	same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
				289	>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
				290	Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	291
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	292	<div style="margin: auto;">
				293	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha-color"></a>-alpha-color <var>color</var></h3>
				294	</div>
				295
				296	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				297
				298	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				299
				300	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				301	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				302
				303	<p>This is an IMv7 option, use <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">mattecolor</a> with IMv6.</p>
				304
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	305
				306	<div style="margin: auto;">
				307	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	308	-annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
				309	-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	310	</div>
				311
				312	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
				313
				314	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise
				315	control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				316
				317
				318	<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	319	control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	320
				321	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
				322	or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
				323	direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <var>degrees</var> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical
				324	convention once it is realized that the positive <var>y</var>–direction is
				325	conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
				326
				327	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
				328	equation.</p>
				329
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	330	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	331
				332	<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
				333	bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	334	probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	335	case leads to nice results.</p>
				336
				337	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
				338	is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file
				339	<code>mytext.txt</code>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded
				340	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				341
				342	<div style="margin: auto;">
				343	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
				344	</div>
				345
				346	<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
				347
				348	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				349	drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				350	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				351	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
				352	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
				353
				354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
				356	</div>
				357
				358	<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
				359
				360	<p>This option creates a single longer image, by joining all the current
				361	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
				362	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				363
				364	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				365	current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	366	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
				367	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	368
				369
				370	<div style="margin: auto;">
				371	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
				372	</div>
				373
				374	<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
				375
				376	<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
				377
				378	<div style="margin: auto;">
				379	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
				380	</div>
				381
				382	<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
				383
				384	<p>Use this option to supply a <var>password</var> for decrypting
				385	a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The
				386	encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				387
				388	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
				389	and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				390
				391
				392	<div style="margin: auto;">
				393	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
				394	</div>
				395
				396	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
				397
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	398	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				399	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	400	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				401
				402	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
				403
				404	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				405	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
				406	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
				407	</p>
				408
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	409	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	410	'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	411	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				412	>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	413	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				414
				415
				416
				417	<div style="margin: auto;">
				418	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
				419	</div>
				420
				421	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
				422
				423	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	424	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
				425	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	426	values. </p>
				427
				428	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
				429	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	430	for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	431	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				432	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				433	defined images. </p>
				434
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	435	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				436	href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
				437	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				438	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
				439	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	440
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	441	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	442	special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	443	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
				444	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	445	'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
				446	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				447	transparency. </p>
				448
				449
				450	<div style="margin: auto;">
				451	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
				452	</div>
				453
				454	<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
				455
				456	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				457	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				458	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				459
				460	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				461	camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				462	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				463	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	464	result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				465	href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	466
				467
				468	<div style="margin: auto;">
				469	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
				470	</div>
				471
				472	<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
				473
				474	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				475
				476
				477	<div style="margin: auto;">
				478	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
				479	</div>
				480
				481	<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
				482
				483	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
				484	other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is
				485	specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format
				486	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				487
				488	<div style="margin: auto;">
				489	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
				490	</div>
				491
				492	<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
				493
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	494	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				495	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	496	specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				497
				498	<div style="margin: auto;">
				499	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
				500	</div>
				501
				502	<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
				503
				504	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance,
				505	consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the
				506	-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
				507	to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
				508
				509	<pre>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	510	-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
				511	Performance[1]: 5i 1.344ips 1.000e 3.710u 0:03.720
				512	Performance[2]: 5i 1.634ips 0.549e 3.890u 0:03.060
				513	Performance[3]: 5i 2.174ips 0.618e 3.190u 0:02.300
				514	Performance[4]: 5i 1.678ips 0.555e 3.810u 0:02.980
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	515	Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
				516	</pre>
				517
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 2.174 iterations per
				519	second, using 3 threads and 3.190 seconds of the user allotted time, for
				520	a total elapsed time of 2.300 seconds.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	521
				522	<div style="margin: auto;">
				523	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				524	</div>
				525
				526	<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
				527
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	528	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	529	positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				530
				531	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
				532	with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				533	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				534	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
				535	zero.</p>
				536
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	537	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	538	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				539	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				540
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	541	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				542	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				543	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				544	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
				545	<a
				546	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	547	entry. </p>
				548
				549	<div style="margin: auto;">
				550	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
				551	</div>
				552
				553	<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
				554
				555	<div style="margin: auto;">
				556	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				557	</div>
				558
				559	<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
				560
				561	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				562	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	563	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	564
				565
				566	<div style="margin: auto;">
				567	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
				568	</div>
				569
				570	<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
				571
				572	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				573	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				574	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				575	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
				576	<code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				577	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
				578
				579
				580	<div style="margin: auto;">
				581	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
				582	</div>
				583
				584	<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
				585
				586	<div style="margin: auto;">
				587	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
				588	</div>
				589
				590	<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
				591
				592	<div style="margin: auto;">
				593
				594	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	595	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	596	</div>
				597
				598	<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
				599
				600	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	601	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	602
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	603	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	604
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	605	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	606	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				607
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	608	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	609	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				610	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				611	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				612	</p>
				613
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	614	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
				615	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				616	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				617	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	618	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				619
				620	<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				621	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				622	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				623	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
				624
				625	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				626	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				627	</p>
				628
				629
				630	<div style="margin: auto;">
				631	<h3 class="magick-header">-blur <var>Width</var>[x<var>Height</var>[+<var>Angle</var>]]</h3>
				632	</div>
				633
				634	<p class="magick-description">Variably blur an image according to the overlay mapping.</p>
				635
				636	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				637	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				638	mapping. </p>
				639
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	640	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <var>Width</var> and <var >Height</var>. The <var >Height</var>
				641	defaults to the <var >Width</var> for a normal circular Gaussian
				642	weighting. The <var >Angle</var> will rotate the ellipse from
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	643	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				644
				645	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				646	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				647	</p>
				648
				649
				650	<div style="margin: auto;">
				651	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
				652	</div>
				653
				654	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
				655
				656	<p>Set the width and height using the <var>size</var> portion of the
				657	<var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				658	ignored. </p>
				659
				660	<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
				661
				662	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				663	<dt><var>value</var></dt>
				664	<dd>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
				665	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd></dt>
				666	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				667	<dt><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				668	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				669	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				670	<dd>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
				671	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>0</dt>
				672	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				673	<dt>0<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				674	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				675	<dt><var>value</var>%</dt>
				676	<dd>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				677	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>%</dt>
				678	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
				679	<dt>x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				680	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
				681	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				682	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				683	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd>0%</dt>
				684	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				685	<dt>0%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				686	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				687	</dl>
				688
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	689	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				690	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	691
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	692	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				693	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	694	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				695	size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				696	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				697	with the default compose method of '<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may
				698	be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				699	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				700	functionality.</p>
				701
				702	<div style="margin: auto;">
				703	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				704	</div>
				705
				706	<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
				707
				708	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				709
				710	<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				711
				712	<div style="margin: auto;">
				713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
				714	</div>
				715
				716	<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
				717
				718	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	719	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	720	</div>
				721
				722	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
				723
				724	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				725	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				726	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				727	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				728	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				729	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
				730
				731	<p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				732	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				733	transformation to all channels.</p>
				734
				735	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				736	linear transform and applied
				737	using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
				738
				739	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				740	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				741	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				742	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				743	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
				744
				745	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				746	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
				747
				748	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				749	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				750	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				751	totally black.</p>
				752
				753	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				754	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
				755
				756	<div style="margin: auto;">
				757	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
				758	</div>
				759
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	760	<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	761
				762	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	763	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	764	</div>
				765
				766	<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
				767
				768	<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
				769
				770	<div style="margin: auto;">
				771	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
				772	</div>
				773
				774	<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
				775
				776	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				777	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				778	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
				779
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	780	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				781	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	782	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
				783	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				784
				785	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				786	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				787	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				788
				789	<p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				790	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				791	instead.</p>
				792
				793	<p>For example,</p>
				794
				795	<pre>
				796	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				797	</pre>
				798
				799	<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				800	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				801	480.</p>
				802
				803
				804	<div style="margin: auto;">
				805	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
				806	</div>
				807
				808	<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
				809
				810	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				811
				812	<pre>
				813	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				814	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				815	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				816	<SOPNode>
				817	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				818	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				819	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				820	</SOPNode>
				821	<SATNode>
				822	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				823	</SATNode>
				824	</ColorCorrection>
				825	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
				826	</pre>
				827
				828	<div style="margin: auto;">
				829	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
				830	</div>
				831
				832	<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
				833
				834	<p>Choose from: <code>Red</code>, <code>Green</code>, <code>Blue</code>,
				835	<code>Alpha</code>, <code>Gray</code>, <code>Cyan</code>, <code>Magenta</code>,
				836	<code>Yellow</code>, <code>Black</code>, <code>Opacity</code>,
				837	<code>Index</code>, <code>RGB</code>, <code>RGBA</code>, <code>CMYK</code>, or
				838	<code>CMYKA</code>.</p>
				839
				840	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
				841	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
				842	'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
				843	'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
				844
				845	For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
				846	you can either use </p>
				847	<pre>
				848	-channel Red,Blue
				849	</pre>
				850	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				851	<pre>
				852	-channel RB
				853	</pre>
				854
				855	<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
				856	special channel type <code>All</code>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				857	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				858	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				859
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	860	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	861
				862	<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
				863	'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
				864	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				865	synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				866	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				867	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				868	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
				869
				870	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
				871	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
				872	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
				873	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
				874	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
				875
				876	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
				877	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				878	the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
				879	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				880	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				881	contribute to the final result. </p>
				882
				883	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
				884	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				885	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<code>Sync</code>' flag.
				886	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				887	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				888	</p>
				889
				890	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				891	channel</a>.</p>
				892
				893	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
				894	'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				895	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				896	to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	897	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				898	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	899
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	900	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	901	include the following.
				902
				903	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				904	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
				905	<a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				906	<a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
				907	<a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
				908	<a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
				909	<a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
				910	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				911	<a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
				912	<a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				913	<a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				914	<a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
				915	<a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
				916	<a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
				917	<a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
				918	<a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
				919	<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
				920	<a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
				921	<a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				922	<a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				923	<a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				924	<a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
				925	<a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
				926	<a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
				927	<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				928	</p>
				929
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	930	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				931	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
				932	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	933	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				934	flag. </p>
				935
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	936	<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default grayscale
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	937	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	938	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
				939
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	940	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				941	href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				942	color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
				943	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	944	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				945	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
				946	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
				947	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
				948	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
				949
				950	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
				951	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	952	alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				953	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				954	href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	955
				956
				957
				958	<div style="margin: auto;">
				959	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
				960	</div>
				961
				962	<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
				963
				964	<div style="margin: auto;">
				965	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
				966	</div>
				967
				968	<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
				969
				970	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>width</var>
				971	and <var>height</var> given in the of the <var>size</var>
				972	portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the number of
				973	columns and rows to remove. The <var>offset</var> portion of
				974	the <var>geometry</var> argument is influenced by
				975	a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
				976
				977	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				978	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
				979
				980	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
				981	typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	982	offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
				983	href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	984	sides of the image. </p>
				985
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	986	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
				987	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	988
				989	<div style="margin: auto;">
				990	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
				991	</div>
				992
				993	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				994
				995	<div style="margin: auto;">
				996	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
				997	</div>
				998
				999	<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
				1000
				1001	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1002
				1003	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1004
				1005	<pre>
				1006	convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
				1007	</pre>
				1008
				1009	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1010
				1011	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
				1012	delegate library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1013
				1014	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1015
				1016	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1017	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
				1018	</div>
				1019
				1020	<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
				1021
				1022	<p>Use the alpha channel of the current image as a mask. Any areas that is
				1023	white is not modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow,
				1024	until the mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask are
				1025	modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
				1026
				1027	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1028	a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1029	mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1030	operation. </p>
				1031
				1032	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1033
				1034	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1035	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
				1036	</div>
				1037
				1038	<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
				1039
				1040	<p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific clip path in the event the image has more than one path available. </p>
				1041
				1042	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1043
				1044	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1045	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
				1046	</div>
				1047
				1048	<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
				1049
				1050	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1051	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1052	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1053	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1054
				1055	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				1056	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
				1057	example, <code>−1</code>
				1058	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
				1059	dash (e.g. <code>0−4</code>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1060	spaces (e.g. <code>0,2,5</code>). A value of '<code>0−−1</code> will
				1061	effectively clone all the images. </p>
				1062
				1063	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1064	in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
				1065	'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
				1066
				1067	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1068	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
				1069	</div>
				1070
				1071	<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
				1072
				1073	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1074	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1075	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1076	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1077	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1078
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1079	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1080	href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1081	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1082	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
				1083	'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1084	gradients, and the '<code>integer</code>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1085	lookup of color values. </p>
				1086
				1087	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1088	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1089
				1090	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1091	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1092	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
				1093	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1094	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1095	set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1096	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1097	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1098
				1099	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1100	transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1101	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1102	assumed that image represents a grayscale gradient which is used for the
				1103	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a grayscale CLUT image to
				1104	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a grayscale image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1105	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1106	</p>
				1107
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1108	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1109	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1110	of a 3D color cube. </p>
				1111
				1112
				1113	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1114	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
				1115	</div>
				1116
				1117	<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
				1118
				1119	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1120	its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1121	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1122	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1123	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1124	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1125	images. </p>
				1126
				1127	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1128	the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
				1129	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1130	better than the original. </p>
				1131
				1132
				1133	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1134	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
				1135	</div>
				1136
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1137	<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1138
				1139	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1140	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1141	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1142	values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
				1143
				1144	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1145	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
				1146	</div>
				1147
				1148	<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
				1149
				1150	<p>The <var>type</var> can be <code>shared</code> or <code>private</code>.</p>
				1151
				1152	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1153	is <code>PseudoColor</code> or <code>GrayScale</code>. Refer
				1154	to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1155	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1156	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1157	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1158	If <code>private</code> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1159	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <var>technicolor</var>
				1160	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
				1161
				1162	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1163	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
				1164	</div>
				1165
				1166	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
				1167
				1168	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1169	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1170	unique colors than specified by <var>value</var> will have any
				1171	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1172	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1173	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1174	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1175	the <a href="quantize.html">
				1176	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				1177
				1178	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1179	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
				1180	</div>
				1181
				1182	<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
				1183
				1184	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1185	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1186	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1187	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1188	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1189	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
				1190
				1191	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1192
				1193	<pre>
				1194	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1195	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1196	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1197	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1198	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1199	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1200	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1201	</pre>
				1202	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1203	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
				1204	</div>
				1205
				1206	<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
				1207
				1208	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1209
				1210	<pre>
				1211	CMY CMYK Gray HCL
				1212	HCLp HSB HSI HSL
				1213	HSV HWB Lab LCHab
				1214	LCHuv LMS Log Luv
				1215	OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
				1216	scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
				1217	XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
				1218	YIQ YPbPr YUV
				1219	</pre>
				1220
				1221	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1222
				1223	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
				1224
				1225	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1226	<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1227	<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1228	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
				1229	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>−G</td></tr>
				1230	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>−B</td></tr>
				1231	<tr><th valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1232	<tr><td valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1233	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(C−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(M−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1236
				1237	<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1238	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1239
				1240	<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1241	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1242	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1243	<tr><td valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1244
				1245	<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1246	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1249
				1250	<tr><th valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1251	<tr><td valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1254
				1255	<tr><th valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1256	<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1257	<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1259
				1260	<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1261	<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1262	<tr><td valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1264
				1265	<tr><th valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1266	<tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1269
				1270	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1271	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1272
				1273	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1274	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1275	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1276	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1277
				1278	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1279	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
				1280
				1281	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1282	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1283	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1284	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1285
				1286	<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1287	<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1288	<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1290
				1291	<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1292	<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564R+0.3575761G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2126729R+0.7151522G+0.0721750*B</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td valign="middle">Z=0.0193339R+0.1191920G+0.9503041*B</td></tr>
				1295
				1296	<tr><th valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1297	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=(0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1298	<tr><td valign="middle">C1=(−0.298839R−0.586811G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.586811G−0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1300
				1301	<tr><th valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1305
				1306	<tr><th valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1307	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1308	<tr><td valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310
				1311	<tr><th valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1312	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315
				1316	<tr><th valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1317	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320	</table>
				1321
				1322	<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
				1323
				1324	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1325	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
				1326	</div>
				1327
				1328	<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
				1329
				1330	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
				1331	combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the
				1332	sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
				1333	means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
				1334	to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
				1335
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1336	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
				1337	href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1338	Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
				1339	original. </p>
				1340
				1341	<pre>
				1342	convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
				1343	convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
				1344	-combine imagecopy.png
				1345	</pre>
				1346
				1347	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1348	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
				1349	</div>
				1350
				1351	<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
				1352
				1353	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
				1354	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1355	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
				1356
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1357	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1358	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1359	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
				1360	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1361
				1362	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1363	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1364	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1365
				1366	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1367	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				1368	instead.</p>
				1369
				1370	<p>For example,</p>
				1371
				1372	<pre>
				1373	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				1374	</pre>
				1375
				1376	<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				1377	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1378	480.</p>
				1379
				1380	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1381	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
				1382	</div>
				1383
				1384	<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
				1385
				1386	<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
				1387
				1388	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1389	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1390	</pre>
				1391
				1392	<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
				1393
				1394	<pre>
				1395	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
				1396	"%[distortion]" info:
				1397	</pre>
				1398
				1399	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1400	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
				1401	</div>
				1402
				1403	<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
				1404
				1405	Choose from these operators:
				1406
				1407	<pre>
				1408	add
				1409	conjugate
				1410	divide
				1411	magnitude-phase
				1412	multiply
				1413	real-imaginary
				1414	subtract
				1415	</pre>
				1416
				1417	<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
				1418
				1419	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1420	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
				1421	</div>
				1422
				1423	<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
				1424
				1425	<p>See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1426	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
				1427
				1428	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1429	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1430	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
				1431	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
				1432	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1433	<a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1434	<a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1435	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1436	<a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
				1437	<a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
				1438	and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
				1439
				1440	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<code>composite</code>"
				1441	command. </p>
				1442
				1443
				1444	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1445	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
				1446	</div>
				1447
				1448	<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
				1449
				1450	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1451	according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1452	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1453	href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1454	settings. </p>
				1455
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1456	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a grayscale blending 'mask' image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1457	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
				1458	source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
				1459	mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1460
				1461	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1462	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1463	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1464	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
				1465
				1466	<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1467	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1468	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1469	to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
				1470
				1471	<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
				1472
				1473
				1474	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1475	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
				1476	</div>
				1477
				1478	<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
				1479
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1480	<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
				1481	>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
				1482	>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
				1483	>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
				1484	>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1485
				1486	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1487	compress</a>.</p>
				1488
				1489	<p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an
				1490	uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified
				1491	image file.</p>
				1492
				1493	<p>If <code>LZW</code> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been
				1494	enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be
				1495	read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1496
				1497	<p><code>Lossless</code> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the
				1498	JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally
				1499	not recommended.</p>
				1500
				1501	<p>
				1502	When writing an ICO file, you may request that the images be encoded in
				1503	PNG format, by specifying <code>Zip</code> compression.</p>
				1504
				1505	<p>
				1506	When writing a JNG file, specify <code>Zip</code> compression to request that
				1507	the alpha channel be encoded in PNG "IDAT" format, or <code>JPEG</code>
				1508	to request that it be encoded in JPG "JDAA" format.</p>
				1509
				1510	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level
				1511	to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders.
				1512	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
				1513	sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
				1514	the chroma channels.</p>
				1515
				1516	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1517	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
				1518	</div>
				1519
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1520	<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1521
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1522	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1523
				1524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
				1526	</div>
				1527
				1528	<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1529
				1530	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
				1531	darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance
				1532	the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
				1533	contrast.</p>
				1534
				1535	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1536
				1537	<pre>
				1538	convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
				1539	</pre>
				1540
				1541	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1542	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1543	</div>
				1544
				1545	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				1546
				1547	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1548	<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1549
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1550	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				1551	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1552	minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
				1553
				1554	<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
				1555	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1556	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
				1557	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1558	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
				1559
				1560	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1561	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1562	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1563
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1564	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1565	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				1566	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1567	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1568
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1569	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1570	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1571
				1572	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				1573
				1574
				1575	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1576	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
				1577	</div>
				1578
				1579	<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
				1580
				1581	<p>The <var>kernel</var> is a matrix specified as
				1582	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1583	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1584	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1585	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
				1586
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1587	<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1588	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1589	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1590	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1591	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1592	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
				1593	</p>
				1594
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1595	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1596	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1597	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1598	href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1599	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1600	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1601	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1602	entry. </p>
				1603
				1604
				1605	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1606	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
				1607	</div>
				1608
				1609	<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
				1610
				1611	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1612	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
				1613	</div>
				1614
				1615	<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
				1616
				1617	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1618
				1619	<p>The <var>width</var> and <var>height</var> of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the size of the image that remains
				1620	after cropping, and <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> in the
				1621	<var>offset</var> (if present) gives the location of the top left
				1622	corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the
				1623	amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1624
				1625	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1626	present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the
				1627	cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
				1628	the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper
				1629	left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				1630	present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
				1631	gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1632	the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
				1633	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1634	<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
				1635	upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1636
				1637	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1638	omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input
				1639	image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if
				1640	the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1641
				1642	<p>You can add the <var>@</var> to the geometry argument to equally divide the image into the number of tiles generated.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1645	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1646	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1647	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1648	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1649
				1650	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1651	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1652	missed' warning given. </p>
				1653
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1654	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1655	cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
				1656	upper-left corner of the visible image.
				1657
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1658	Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1659	remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
				1660	you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
				1661	offset.</p>
				1662
				1663	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1664	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
				1665	</div>
				1666
				1667	<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
				1668
				1669	<p><var>Amount</var> defines the number of positions each
				1670	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1671
				1672
				1673	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1674	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
				1675	</div>
				1676
				1677	<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
				1678
				1679	<p>The <code>events</code> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
				1680	can be either <code>None</code>, <code>All</code>, <code>Trace</code>, or
				1681	a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
				1682	<code>Accelerate</code>, <code>Annotate</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Cache</code>,
				1683	<code>Coder</code>, <code>Configure</code>, <code>Deprecate</code>,
				1684	<code>Exception</code>, <code>Locale</code>, <code>Render</code>,
				1685	<code>Resource</code>, <code>Security</code>, <code>TemporaryFile</code>,
				1686	<code>Transform</code>, <code>X11</code>, or <code>User</code>. </p>
				1687
				1688
				1689	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1690
				1691	<pre>
				1692	convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
				1693	</pre>
				1694
				1695	<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
				1696	events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1697
				1698	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1699	debug</a>.</p>
				1700
				1701	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging
				1702	output.</p>
				1703
				1704	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1705
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1706	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
				1707	>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1708	environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
				1709	option.</p>
				1710
				1711
				1712	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				1714	</div>
				1715
				1716	<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
				1717
				1718	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				1719
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1720	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				1721	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1722	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1723
				1724
				1725	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1726	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
				1727	</div>
				1728
				1729	<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
				1730
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1731	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
				1732	href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1733	a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
				1734	</p>
				1735
				1736	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation
				1737	sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the
				1738	animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1739
				1740	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
				1741	method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
				1742
				1743
				1744	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1745	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
				1746	</div>
				1747
				1748	<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
				1749
				1750	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1751	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1752	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1753	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1754	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1755	as "Artifacts". </p>
				1756
				1757	<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1758	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1759	options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1760	previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1761	existing definitions.</p>
				1762
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1763	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
				1764	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1765	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1766
				1767	<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
				1768	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <var>value</var>
				1769	is case-dependent.</p>
				1770
				1771	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and affect all images and operations. </p>
				1772
				1773	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1774	available:</p>
				1775
				1776	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1777	<tr>
				1778	<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1779	<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
				1780	and <var>bmp4</var>. This option can be useful when the
				1781	method of prepending "BMP2:" to the output filename is inconvenient or
				1782	is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
				1783	</tr>
				1784
				1785	<tr>
				1786	<td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1787	<td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
				1788	grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
				1789	not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
				1790	-type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
				1791	</tr>
				1792
				1793	<tr>
				1794	<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
				1795	<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
				1796	</tr>
				1797
				1798	<tr>
				1799	<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
				1800	<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	1801	-composite. See <a href="compose.html"
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1802	>Image Composition</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1803	</tr>
				1804
				1805	<tr>
				1806	<td>compose:clamp=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1807	<td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
				1808	</tr>
				1809
				1810	<tr>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1811	<td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
				1812	<td>Merges any region with area smaller than <var>value</var> into its surrounding region or largest neighbor.</td>
				1813	</tr>
				1814
				1815	<tr>
				1816	<td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
				1817	<td>Command and/or hyphenated list of id values to keep in the output. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
				1818	</tr>
				1819
				1820	<tr>
				1821	<td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
				1822	<td>Changes the output image from id values to mean color values. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
				1823	</tr>
				1824
				1825	<tr>
				1826	<td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
				1827	<td>Command and/or hyphenated list of id values to remove from the output. Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
				1828	</tr>
				1829
				1830	<tr>
				1831	<td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
				1832	<td>Lists id, bounding box, centroid, area, mean color for each region.</td>
				1833	</tr>
				1834
				1835	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1836	<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
				1837	<td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
				1838	full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
				1839	percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
				1840	An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
				1841	range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
				1842	example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
				1843	detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
				1844	pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
				1845	that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
				1846	is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
				1847	The default is 0.</td>
				1848	</tr>
				1849
				1850	<tr>
				1851	<td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1852	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
				1853	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1854	</tr>
				1855
				1856	<tr>
				1857	<td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
				1858	<td>Sets the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
				1859	DCM image format.</td>
				1860	</tr>
				1861
				1862	<tr>
				1863	<td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1864	<td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
				1865	</tr>
				1866
				1867	<tr>
				1868	<td>dds:compression=<var>dxt1\|dxt5\|none</var></td>
				1869	<td>Sets the dds compression.</td>
				1870	</tr>
				1871
				1872	<tr>
				1873	<td>dds:mipmaps=<var>value</var></td>
				1874	<td>Sets the dds number of mipmaps.</td>
				1875	</tr>
				1876
				1877	<tr>
				1878	<td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1879	<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
				1880	</tr>
				1881
				1882	<tr>
				1883	<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
				1884	<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
				1885	</tr>
				1886
				1887	<tr>
				1888	<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1889	<td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				1890	>-distort</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1891	</tr>
				1892
				1893	<tr>
				1894	<td>distort:viewport=<var>WxH+X+Y</var></td>
				1895	<td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
				1896	</tr>
				1897
				1898	<tr>
				1899	<td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
				1900	<td>Specifies the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
				1901	<code>neato</code>).</td>
				1902	</tr>
				1903
				1904	<tr>
				1905	<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
				1906	<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
				1907	See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
				1908	</tr>
				1909
				1910	<tr>
				1911	<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
				1912	<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
				1913	<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
				1914	<var>forward</var>.</td>
				1915	</tr>
				1916
				1917	<tr>
				1918	<td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1919	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				1920	<var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
				1921	except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var></td>. If this
				1922	option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
				1923	images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
				1924	</tr>
				1925
				1926	<tr>
				1927	<td>icon:auto-resize</td>
				1928	<td>Automatically stores multiple sizes when writing an ico image
				1929	(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
				1930	</tr>
				1931
				1932	<tr>
				1933	<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
				1934	<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
				1935	and J2K</td>
				1936	</tr>
				1937
				1938	<tr>
				1939	<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
				1940	<td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1941	</tr>
				1942
				1943	<tr>
				1944	<td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
				1945	<td>choose from LRCP, RLCP, RPCL, PCRL or CPRL. Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1946	J2K</td>
				1947	</tr>
				1948
				1949	<tr>
				1950	<td>jp2:quality=<var>value,value...</var></td>
				1951	<td>Sets the quality layer PSNR, given in dB. The order is from left to
				1952	right in ascending order. The default is a single lossless quality layer.
				1953	Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1954	</tr>
				1955
				1956	<tr>
				1957	<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
				1958	<td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1959	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1960	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1961	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
				1962	results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1963	</tr>
				1964
				1965	<tr>
				1966	<td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
				1967	<td>Sets the number of highest resolution levels to be discarded.Same for
				1968	JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1969	</tr>
				1970
				1971	<tr>
				1972	<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1973	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1974	</tr>
				1975
				1976	<tr>
				1977	<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
				1978	<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
				1979	quantizing.</td>
				1980	</tr>
				1981
				1982	<tr>
				1983	<td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
				1984	<td>Choose from <code>default</code>, <code>fastest</code>,
				1985	<code>float</code>, <code>ifast</code>, and <code>islow</code>.</td>
				1986	</tr>
				1987
				1988	<tr>
				1989	<td>jpeg:extent=<var>value</var></td>
				1990	<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
				1991	jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
				1992	compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1993	exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
				1994	starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
				1995	100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
				1996	-quality setting was ignored.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1997	</tr>
				1998
				1999	<tr>
				2000	<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2001	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2002	</tr>
				2003
				2004	<tr>
				2005	<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2006	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2007	</tr>
				2008
				2009	<tr>
				2010	<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2011	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2012	</tr>
				2013
				2014	<tr>
				2015	<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2016	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2017	</tr>
				2018
				2019	<tr>
				2020	<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2021	<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
				2022	example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
				2023	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
				2024	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</td>
				2025	</tr>
				2026
				2027	<tr>
				2028	<td>json:features</td>
				2029	<td>includes features in verbose information</td>
				2030	</tr>
				2031
				2032	<tr>
				2033	<td>json:limit</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2034	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2035	</tr>
				2036
				2037	<tr>
				2038	<td>json:locate</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2039	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2040	</tr>
				2041
				2042	<tr>
				2043	<td>json:moments</td>
				2044	<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
				2045	</tr>
				2046
				2047	<tr>
				2048	<td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2049	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				2050	This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>.
				2051	</tr>
				2052
				2053	<tr>
				2054	<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
				2055	<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
				2056	</tr>
				2057
				2058	<tr>
				2059	<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2060	<td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
				2061	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2062	typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
				2063	kernels. </td>
				2064	</tr>
				2065
				2066	<tr>
				2067	<td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2068	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2069	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2070	</tr>
				2071
				2072	<tr>
				2073	<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
				2074
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2075	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2076	<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2077	<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
				2078	being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
				2079	allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
				2080	</tr>
				2081
				2082	<tr>
				2083	<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2084	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2085	</tr>
				2086
				2087	<tr>
				2088	<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2089	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2090	</tr>
				2091
				2092	<tr>
				2093	<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2094	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2095	</tr>
				2096
				2097	<tr>
				2098	<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2099	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2100	</tr>
				2101	<tr>
				2102	<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				2103	<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				2104	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				2105	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				2106	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				2107	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				2108	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				2109	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				2110	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				2111	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
				2112	<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> directives to
				2113	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				2114	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
				2115	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
				2116	8-bit depth.</td>
				2117	</tr>
				2118
				2119	<tr>
				2120	<td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
				2121	<td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
				2122	5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
				2123	adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression, 8 means
				2124	Z_RLE strategy with adaptive filtering, and 9 means Z_RLE strategy with no
				2125	filtering.</td>
				2126	</tr>
				2127
				2128	<tr>
				2129	<td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
				2130	<td> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
				2131	compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</td>
				2132	</tr>
				2133
				2134	<tr>
				2135	<td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
				2136	<td> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
				2137	rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
				2138	that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
				2139	values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
				2140	instead.</td>
				2141	</tr>
				2142
				2143	<tr>
				2144	<td>png:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2145	<td> valid values are <var>png8</var>, <var>png24</var>,
				2146	<var>png32</var>, <var>png48</var>,
				2147	<var>png64</var>, and <var>png00</var>.
				2148	This property can be useful for specifying
				2149	the specific PNG format to be used, when the usual method of prepending the
				2150	format name to the output filename is inconvenient, such as when writing
				2151	a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
				2152	Value = <var>png8</var> reduces the number of colors to 256,
				2153	only one of which may be fully transparent, if necessary. The other
				2154	values do not force any reduction of quality; it is an error to request
				2155	a format that cannot represent the image data without loss (except that
				2156	it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
				2157	Value = <var>png24</var> and <var>png48</var>
				2158	allow transparency, only if a single color is fully transparent and that
				2159	color does not also appear in an opaque pixel; such transparency is
				2160	written in a PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk.
				2161	Value = <var>png00</var> causes the image to inherit its
				2162	color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
				2163	a PNG.</td>
				2164	</tr>
				2165
				2166	<tr>
				2167	<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2168
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2169	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2170	<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2171	<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				2172
				2173	<p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				2174	as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
				2175	(which can include the word <var>date</var>, the word
				2176	<var>all</var>, or the word <var>none</var>).
				2177	Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
				2178	names if you prefer.</p>
				2179
				2180	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				2181	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				2182
				2183	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is excluded and
				2184	the <code>gAMA</code> chunk is included, the <code>gAMA</code> chunk will
				2185	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				2186	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				2187	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				2188	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				2189
				2190	<pre>
				2191	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				2192	</pre>
				2193
				2194	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
				2195	the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
				2196	the PNG encoder will write the <code>sRGB</code> chunk instead of the
				2197	entire ICC profile. To force the PNG encoder to write the sRGB
				2198	profile as an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the output PNG instead of the
				2199	<code>sRGB</code> chunk, exclude the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.</p>
				2200
				2201	<p>The critical PNG chunks <code>IHDR</code>, <code>PLTE</code>,
				2202	<code>IDAT</code>, and <code>IEND</code> cannot be excluded. Any such
				2203	entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				2204
				2205	<p>If the ancillary PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk is excluded and the
				2206	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				2207	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				2208	<code>tRNS</code> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				2209	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				2210
				2211	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				2212	following for PNG output:</p>
				2213
				2214	<pre>
				2215	-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
				2216	</pre>
				2217
				2218	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				2219	plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
				2220	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				2221	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				2222	PNG specification.</p>
				2223
				2224	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				2225	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				2226	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				2227	<code>bKGD</code>, <code>cHRM</code>, <code>gAMA</code>, <code>iCCP</code>,
				2228	<code>oFFs</code>, <code>pHYs</code>, <code>sRGB</code>, <code>tEXt</code>,
				2229	<code>tRNS</code>, <code>vpAg</code>, and <code>zTXt</code>.</p>
				2230
				2231	<p>You can also put <code>date</code> in the list to include or exclude
				2232	the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
				2233	inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
				2234	</tr>
				2235
				2236	<tr>
				2237	<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2238	<td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2239	try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
				2240	the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
				2241	is suppressed.</td>
				2242	</tr>
				2243
				2244	<tr>
				2245	<td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2246	<td>By default, the PNG decoder and encoder examine any ICC profile
				2247	that is present, either from an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the PNG
				2248	input or supplied via an option, and if the profile is recognized
				2249	to be the sRGB profile, converts it to the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.
				2250	You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
				2251	this from happening; in such cases the <code>iCCP</code> chunk
				2252	will be read or written and no <code>sRGB</code> chunk will be
				2253	written. There are some ICC profiles that claim to be sRGB but
				2254	have various errors that cause them to be rejected by libpng16; such
				2255	profiles are recognized anyhow and converted to the <code>sRGB</code>
				2256	chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
				2257	is present. Note that not all "sRGB" ICC profiles are recognized
				2258	yet; we will add them to the list as we encounter them.</td>
				2259	</tr>
				2260
				2261	<tr>
				2262	<td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2263	<td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
				2264	network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
				2265	fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
				2266	in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
				2267	must appear before the input filename on the commandline. The swapping
				2268	is done during the libpng decoding operation.</td>
				2269	</tr>
				2270
				2271	<tr>
				2272	<td>profile:skip=<var>name1,name2,...</var></td>
				2273	<td>Skip the named profile[s] when reading the image. Use skip="*" to
				2274	skip all named profiles in the image. Many named profiles exist,
				2275	including ICC, EXIF, APP1, IPTC, XMP, and others.</td>
				2276	</tr>
				2277
				2278	<tr>
				2279	<td>ps:imagemask</td>
				2280	<td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
				2281	create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
				2282	imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
				2283	</tr>
				2284
				2285	<tr>
				2286	<td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
				2287	<td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
				2288	for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
				2289	image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
				2290	as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
				2291	prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
				2292	image.</td>
				2293	</tr>
				2294
				2295	<tr>
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2296	<td>preserve-timestamp=<var>{True, False}</var></td>
				2297	<td>Preserve file timestamp (<code>mogrify</code> only).</td>
				2298	</tr>
				2299
				2300	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2301	<td>quantum:format=<var>type</var></td>
				2302	<td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
				2303	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				2304	to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
				2305	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				2306	If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
				2307	double precision floating point format.</td>
				2308	</tr>
				2309
				2310	<tr>
				2311	<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
				2312	<td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF image
				2313	file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
				2314	<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
				2315	</tr>
				2316
				2317	<tr>
				2318	<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2319	<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2320	expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2321	</tr>
				2322
				2323	<tr>
				2324	<td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2325	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2326	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2327	</tr>
				2328
				2329	<tr>
				2330	<td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
				2331	<td>Set the stream buffer size. Select 0 for unbuffered I/O.</td>
				2332	</tr>
				2333
				2334	<tr>
				2335	<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated\|unassociated\|unspecified</var></td>
				2336	<td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or unspecified </td>
				2337	</tr>
				2338
				2339	<tr>
				2340	<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2341	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2342	</tr>
				2343
				2344	<tr>
				2345	<td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>false</var></td>
				2346	<td>Skips reading the EXIF properties.</td>
				2347	</tr>
				2348
				2349	<tr>
				2350	<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2351	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2352	</tr>
				2353
				2354	<tr>
				2355	<td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
				2356	<td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
				2357	</tr>
				2358
				2359	<tr>
				2360	<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
				2361	<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
				2362	</tr>
				2363
				2364	<tr>
				2365	<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
				2366	<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
				2367	</tr>
				2368
				2369	<tr>
				2370	<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
				2371	<td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
				2372	PTIF: before the outputname</td>
				2373	</tr>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2374
				2375	<tr>
				2376	<td>type:features=<var>string</var></td>
				2377	<td>&nbsp</td>
				2378	</tr>
				2379
				2380	<tr>
				2381	<td>type:hinting=<var>off</var></td>
				2382	<td>&nbsp</td>
				2383	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2384	</table>
				2385
				2386	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				2387	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
				2388
				2389	<pre>
				2390	convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
				2391	</pre>
				2392
				2393	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				2394	<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				2395	use:</p>
				2396
				2397	<pre>
				2398	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				2399	</pre>
				2400
				2401	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2402	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2403	</div>
				2404
				2405	<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
				2406
				2407	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
				2408	<var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
				2409	next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image
				2410	sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				2411
				2412	<p>Use <code>></code> to change the image delay <var>only</var> if its current
				2413	value exceeds the given delay. <code><</code> changes the image delay
				2414	<var>only</var> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if
				2415	you specify <code>30></code> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does
				2416	not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed
				2417	to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the
				2418	<code><</code> or <code>></code> from being interpreted by your shell as
				2419	a file redirection.</p>
				2420
				2421
				2422	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2423	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
				2424	</div>
				2425
				2426	<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
				2427
				2428	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				2429	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
				2430	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
				2431	a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
				2432	<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				2433
				2434
				2435	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2436	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2437	</div>
				2438
				2439	<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
				2440
				2441	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster
				2442	image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
				2443	as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
				2444	provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2445	raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
				2446	href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2447	instead.</p>
				2448
				2449	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
				2450	point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are
				2451	normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300,
				2452	600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use
				2453	a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the
				2454	number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				2455
				2456	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the
				2457	stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image
				2458	resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not
				2459	stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using
				2460	its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
				2461	file header.</p>
				2462
				2463	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var> and
				2464	does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the
				2465	rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied
				2466	to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different
				2467	resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				2468
				2469	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2470	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
				2471	</div>
				2472
				2473	<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
				2474
				2475	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option
				2476	to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
				2477	or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				2478
				2479	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2480	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
				2481	</div>
				2482
				2483	<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
				2484
				2485	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2486	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2487	</div>
				2488
				2489	<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
				2490
				2491	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
				2492	<var>width</var></code> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel
				2493	width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				2494
				2495	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2496	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
				2497	</div>
				2498
				2499	<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
				2500
				2501	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2502	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
				2503	</div>
				2504
				2505	<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
				2506
				2507	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2508	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var>{%}{!}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2509	</div>
				2510
				2511	<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
				2512
				2513	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
				2514	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
				2515	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				2516	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				2517	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				2518	behind it. </p>
				2519
				2520	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				2521	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				2522	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				2523	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				2524
				2525	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				2526	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				2527	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				2528	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				2529	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				2530	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				2531	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				2532
				2533	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				2534	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
				2535	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
				2536	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
				2537	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
				2538	into the overlay area. </p>
				2539
				2540	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				2541	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				2542	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				2543	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				2544
				2545	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				2546	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
				2547	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
				2548	specify a third image which is normally used as a <var>mask</var>,
				2549	the <var>composite image</var> is used for horizontal X
				2550	displacement, while the <var>mask image</var> is used for vertical Y
				2551	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				2552	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				2553	the <var>scale</var> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
				2554	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				2555	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
				2556
				2557	<p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
				2558	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				2559	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				2560	</p>
				2561
				2562	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
				2563	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				2564	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				2565
				2566
				2567	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2568	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
				2569	</div>
				2570
				2571	<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
				2572
				2573	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this
				2574	X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
				2575
				2576	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2577	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
				2578	</div>
				2579
				2580	<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
				2581
				2582	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				2583	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				2584	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				2585	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				2586
				2587	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				2588
				2589	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2590	<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
				2591	<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
				2592	<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
				2593	<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
				2594	</dl>
				2595
				2596	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				2597	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				2598
				2599	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
				2600
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2601	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2602	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2603
				2604	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
				2605	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2606
				2607	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2608	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				2609	</div>
				2610
				2611	<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
				2612
				2613
				2614	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2615	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
				2616	</div>
				2617
				2618	<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
				2619
				2620	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2621	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <var>src_percent</var>
				2622	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
				2623	transparent at a value of '<code>200</code>'. If both percentages
				2624	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2625
				2626	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2627	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2628	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2629
				2630	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2631	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
				2632	</div>
				2633
				2634	<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
				2635
				2636	<p>The <var>arguments</var> is a single string containing a list
				2637	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2638	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <var>method</var> being used. </p>
				2639
				2640	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2641
				2642	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				2643	<tr>
				2644	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2645	<th>Description</th>
				2646	</tr>
				2647
				2648	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2649	<td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2650	<td>
				2651	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2652	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2653	is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
				2654	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2655	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2656	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2657
				2658	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2659	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2660
				2661	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2662	<dt>2:</dt><dd><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2663	<dt>3:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
				2664	<dt>4:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2665	<dt>5:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
				2666	<dt>6:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2667	<dt>7:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2668	</dl>
				2669
				2670	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
				2671	'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2672
				2673	<tr>
				2674	<td>Affine</td>
				2675	<td>
				2676	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
				2677	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
				2678	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2679	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2680	also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2681	distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2682
				2683	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2684	squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
				2685	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
				2686	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
				2687	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2688	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2689	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2690
				2691	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2692	</td>
				2693
				2694	</tr>
				2695
				2696	<tr>
				2697	<td>AffineProjection</td>
				2698	<td>
				2699	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2700	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2701	the source image to the destination image.
				2702
				2703	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2704	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2705	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2706	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2707	</var></p>
				2708
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2709	See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2710	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2711
				2712	The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
				2713	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2714	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2715	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2716	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2717
				2718	</tr>
				2719
				2720	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2721	<td>BilinearForward<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2722	BilinearReverse</td>
				2723	<td>
				2724	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2725	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2726	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2727	consistent. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2728
				2729	The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
				2730	quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
				2731	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2732	in each case. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2733
				2734	Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2735	which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2736	color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2737	may disappear. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2738
				2739	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2740	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2741	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2742
				2743	</td>
				2744	</tr>
				2745
				2746	<tr>
				2747	<td>Perspective</td>
				2748	<td>
				2749	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2750	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2751	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2752	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
				2753	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2754	linear distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2755
				2756	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2757	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2758	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2759	<a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a> setting. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2760	</tr>
				2761
				2762	<tr>
				2763	<td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
				2764	<td>
				2765	Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
				2766	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2767	at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2768	'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2769	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2770	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2771
				2772	</tr>
				2773
				2774	<tr>
				2775	<td>Arc</td>
				2776	<td>
				2777	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2778	a circle.
				2779
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2780	<p><dl class="dl-horizontal">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2781	<dt>arc_angle</dt>
				2782	<dd>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
				2783	<dt>rotate_angle</dt>
				2784	<dd>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
				2785	<dt>top_radius</dt>
				2786	<dd>Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
				2787	<dt>bottom_radius </dt>
				2788	<dd>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2789	</dl></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2790
				2791	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2792	(as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2793	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2794	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2795	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2796
				2797	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2798	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2799	conversion. </td>
				2800	</tr>
				2801
				2802	<tr>
				2803	<td>Polar</td>
				2804	<td>
				2805	Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2806	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2807	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2808	angle limits. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2809
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2810	Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2811
				2812	All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
				2813	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2814	to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
				2815	'0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2816	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2817	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2818	'-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2819	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2820	but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2821	the same arguments. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2822
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2823	If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2824	output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
				2825	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2826	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2827
				2828	</tr>
				2829
				2830	<tr>
				2831	<td>DePolar</td>
				2832	<td>
				2833	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2834	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2835
				2836	The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
				2837	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2838	<var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
				2839	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2840	generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
				2841	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2842
				2843	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2844	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
				2845	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
				2846	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2847	a high quality result. </td>
				2848
				2849	</tr>
				2850
				2851	<tr>
				2852	<td>Barrel</td>
				2853	<td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2854	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2855	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2856	Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
				2857	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2858	lines straight again. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2859
				2860	<p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2861	<var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2862	or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2863	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
				2864	[ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
				2865	So that it forms the function
				2866	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2867	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2868
				2869	Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2870	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2871	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2872	correct lens distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2873	</td>
				2874
				2875	</tr>
				2876
				2877	<tr>
				2878	<td>BarrelInverse</td>
				2879	<td>
				2880	This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
				2881	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2882	of the radial polynomial,
				2883	so that it forms the function
				2884	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2885	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2886	Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
				2887	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2888
				2889	</td>
				2890	</tr>
				2891
				2892	<tr>
				2893	<td>Shepards</td>
				2894	<td>
				2895	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2896	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
				2897	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2898	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2899	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2900	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2901	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2902	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2903	their movement. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2904
				2905	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2906	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2907	position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2908
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2909	Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2910	href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2911	the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2912
				2913	</td>
				2914	</tr>
				2915
				2916	</table>
				2917
				2918	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				2919	distort</a>.</p>
				2920
				2921	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<code>Affine</code>',
				2922	'<code>Perspective</code>', and '<code>Shepards</code>' use a list control points
				2923	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2924	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2925	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2926	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2927	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2928	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2929	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2930	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2931	...
				2932	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2933	</var></p>
				2934	<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
				2935	destination image. </p>
				2936
				2937	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion,
				2938	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2939	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2940	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2941	understand.</p>
				2942
				2943	<pre>
				2944	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
				2945	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
				2946	rose_3d_rotated.gif"
				2947	</pre>
				2948
				2949	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2950	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2951	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2952	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2953	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usually a linear
				2954	'<code>Affine</code>' distortion). </p>
				2955
				2956	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
				2957	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2958	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2959	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
				2960
				2961	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2962	resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2963	EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
				2964	images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
				2965	using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
				2966	a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
				2967
				2968	<pre>
				2969	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
				2970	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
				2971	checks_tiled.jpg
				2972	</pre>
				2973
				2974	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2975	be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
				2976	each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2977	resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2978	'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
				2979	</p>
				2980
				2981	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2982	example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2983	href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color" >-alpha-color</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2984	what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
				2985	ground. </p>
				2986
				2987	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2988	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
				2989	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2990	the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2991	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2992	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2993	may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2994	is unwanted. </p>
				2995
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2996	<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2997	href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2998	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2999	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				3000
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3001	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
				3002	>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3003	specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
				3004	distorted image space.</p>
				3005
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3006	<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3007	distort:scale=<var>scale_factor</var></code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3008	otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
				3009	distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
				3010	a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
				3011	appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				3012
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3013	<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3014	will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
				3015	Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
				3016	lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
				3017
				3018
				3019	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3020	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
				3021	</div>
				3022
				3023	<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
				3024
				3025	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3026	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
				3027	</div>
				3028
				3029	<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
				3030	images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically
				3031	when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default.</p>
				3032
				3033	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the
				3034	eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This
				3035	reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of
				3036	a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of
				3037	colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
				3038
				3039	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				3040	setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				3041	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				3042	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				3043	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				3044	color gradients. </p>
				3045
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3046	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				3047	href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
				3048	href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3049	color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
				3050	color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
				3051	as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
				3052	in these cases. </p>
				3053
				3054	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3055	to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
				3056	href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3057	patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				3058
				3059
				3060	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3061	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
				3062	</div>
				3063
				3064	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
				3065
				3066	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic
				3067	primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel
				3068	operations.</p>
				3069
				3070	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				3071
				3072	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3073	<dt>point</dt><dd> x,y</dd>
				3074	<dt>line</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3075	<dt>rectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3076	<dt>roundRectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
				3077	<dt>arc</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
				3078	<dt>ellipse</dt><dd> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
				3079	<dt>circle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3080	<dt>polyline</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3081	<dt>polygon</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3082	<dt>bezier</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3083	<dt>path</dt><dd>specification </dd>
				3084	<dt>image</dt><dd> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
				3085	</dl>
				3086
				3087	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				3088
				3089	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3090	<dt>text</dt><dd>x0,y0 string</dd>
				3091	</dl>
				3092	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				3093
				3094	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3095	<dt>gravity</dt><dd>NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
				3096	</dl>
				3097
				3098	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3099	interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
				3100	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3101	scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				3102
				3103	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				3104
				3105	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3106	<dt>rotate</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3107	<dt>translate</dt><dd>dx,dy</dd>
				3108	<dt>scale</dt><dd>sx,sy</dd>
				3109	<dt>skewX</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3110	<dt>skewY</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3111	</dl>
				3112
				3113	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				3114
				3115	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3116	<dt>color</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3117	<dt>matte</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3118	</dl>
				3119
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3120	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
				3121	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
				3122	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
				3123	"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
				3124	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3125
				3126	<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
				3127	pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
				3128	<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3129	primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
				3130	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3131
				3132	<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				3133
				3134	<p>A <code>rectangle</code> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the
				3135	upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				3136
				3137	<p>A <code>roundRectangle</code> primitive takes the same corner points as
				3138	a <code>rectangle</code> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners
				3139	to be removed.</p>
				3140
				3141	<p>The <code>circle</code> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled).
				3142	Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				3143
				3144	<p>The <code>arc</code> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in
				3145	to a given rectangle. An <code>arc</code> requires the two corners used for
				3146	<code>rectangle</code> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the
				3147	arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end
				3148	points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment
				3149	of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				3150
				3151	<p>Use <code>ellipse</code> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the
				3152	center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
				3153	the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150
				3154	0,360).</p>
				3155
				3156	<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
				3157	more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
				3158	a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3159	point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
				3160	href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3161	a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
				3162
				3163	<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
				3164	optional comma. </p>
				3165
				3166	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
				3167	150,150 use:</p>
				3168
				3169	<pre>
				3170	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				3171	</pre>
				3172
				3173	<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
				3174	or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
				3175	<var>knots</var> and these points are attained by the curve, while any
				3176	intermediate coordinates are <var>control points</var>. If two control points
				3177	are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective
				3178	control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If
				3179	one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one
				3180	control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If
				3181	more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points
				3182	act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order
				3183	to draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the
				3184	<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
				3185	the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				3186
				3187	<pre>
				3188	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				3189	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				3190	</pre>
				3191
				3192	<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
				3193	moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
				3194	a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the
				3195	current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
				3196	(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
				3197	one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3198	<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
				3199	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3200
				3201	<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
				3202	image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
				3203	filename:</p>
				3204
				3205	<pre>
				3206	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				3207	</pre>
				3208
				3209	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				3210	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				3211	dimensions. See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				3212	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
				3213
				3214	<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
				3215	arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
				3216	</p>
				3217
				3218	<p>Use <code>text</code> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
				3219	coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in
				3220	single or double quotes.</p>
				3221
				3222	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
				3223	magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
				3224
				3225	<pre>
				3226	-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
				3227	</pre>
				3228
				3229	<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
				3230	to annotate an image with text.</p>
				3231
				3232	<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3233	text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a
				3234	href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3235	option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
				3236	region.</p>
				3237
				3238	<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
				3239	primitives.</p>
				3240
				3241	<p>The <code>scale</code> primitive scales them.</p>
				3242
				3243	<p>The <code>skewX</code> and <code>skewY</code> primitives skew them with respect
				3244	to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				3245
				3246	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
				3247	from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
				3248	option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
				3249	option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed
				3250	by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If another
				3251	<a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
				3252	reinitialized from the initial affine matrix.</p>
				3253
				3254	<p>Use the <code>color</code> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the
				3255	fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
				3256	a method:</p>
				3257
				3258	<pre>
				3259	point
				3260	replace
				3261	floodfill
				3262	filltoborder
				3263	reset
				3264	</pre>
				3265
				3266	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
				3267	<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
				3268	method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3269	<code>Floodfill</code> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
				3270	pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code> recolors any neighbor
				3271	pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <code>reset</code> recolors all
				3272	pixels.</p>
				3273
				3274	<p>Use <code>matte</code> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
				3275	Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <code>color</code> primitive
				3276	for a description of methods). The <code>point</code> method changes the matte
				3277	value of the target pixel. The <code>replace</code> method changes the matte
				3278	value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3279	<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
				3280	color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3281	changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
				3282	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3283	matte value of all pixels.</p>
				3284
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3285	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
				3286	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3287	respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
				3288	these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				3289
				3290	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
				3291	than 1.png).</p>
				3292
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3293	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3294	Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				3295
				3296
				3297	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3298	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
				3299	</div>
				3300
				3301	<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
				3302
				3303	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence.
				3304	The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the
				3305	sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
				3306	a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
				3307	0,2). Use <code>+duplicate</code> to duplicate the last image in the current
				3308	image sequence.</p>
				3309
				3310	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3311	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
				3312	</div>
				3313
				3314	<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
				3315
				3316	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3317	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
				3318	</div>
				3319
				3320	<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
				3321
				3322	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3323	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				3324	</div>
				3325
				3326	<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
				3327
				3328	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				3329
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3330	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				3331	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3332	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				3333
				3334
				3335
				3336	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3337	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
				3338	</div>
				3339
				3340	<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
				3341
				3342	<p>Choose from</p>
				3343
				3344	<pre>
				3345	AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
				3346	AdobeStandard AppleRoman
				3347	BIG5 GB2312
				3348	Latin 2 None
				3349	SJIScode Symbol
				3350	Unicode Wansung
				3351	</pre>
				3352
				3353	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3354	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
				3355	</div>
				3356
				3357	<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
				3358
				3359	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				3360
				3361	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				3362
				3363
				3364	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3365	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
				3366	</div>
				3367
				3368	<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
				3369
				3370
				3371	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3372	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
				3373	</div>
				3374
				3375	<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
				3376
				3377	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the
				3378	image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then
				3379	equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				3380
				3381	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
				3382	-equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3383
				3384	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal
				3385	components transformation that puts most of the information in the first
				3386	channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
				3387	-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3388
				3389	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3390	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
				3391	</div>
				3392
				3393	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
				3394
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3395	<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
				3396	multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3397	elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				3398
				3399	<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
				3400	following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to
				3401	below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while
				3402	a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum
				3403	(installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
				3404	normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
				3405	calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
				3406
				3407	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3408	<col width="25%" />
				3409	<col width="75%" />
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3410	<thead>
				3411	<tr>
				3412	<th><var>operator</var></th>
				3413	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				3414	</tr>
				3415	</thead>
				3416	<tbody>
				3417
				3418	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
				3419	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels. </td></tr>
				3420	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels modulo <var>QuantumRange</var>.</td></tr>
				3421	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3422	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3423	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3424	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3425	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3426	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3427	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				3428	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3429	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
				3430	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
				3431	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3432	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3433	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3434	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3435	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3436	<tr><td>RMS</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3437	<tr><td>RootMeanSquare</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3438	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3439	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3440	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <var>value</var> from pixels.</td></tr>
				3441	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <var>value.</var></td></tr>
				3442
				3443	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3444
				3445	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3446	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3447	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3448	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3449	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3450	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3451
				3452	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3453
				3454	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3455	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3456	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <var>value</var>. </td></tr>
				3457	</tbody>
				3458	</table>
				3459
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3460	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				3461	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3462	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				3463	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				3464	<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				3465	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
				3466	as a percentage of the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3467
				3468	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				3469	<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				3470
				3471	<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3472	<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				3473	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3474	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3475	Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				3476	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3477	'alpha' values.</p>
				3478
				3479	<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
				3480	addition modulo the <var>QuantumRange</var>. It is therefore
				3481	equivalent to <code>Add</code> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the
				3482	interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. </p>
				3483
				3484	<p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
				3485	works on normalized pixel values. The <var>value</var> used with
				3486	<code>Exp</code> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential
				3487	function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
				3488	thus outside the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The
				3489	formula is expressed below. </p>
				3490
				3491	<p class="text-center">
				3492	exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
				3493	</p>
				3494
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3495	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
				3496	>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3497	the result.</p>
				3498
				3499	<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
				3500	normalized pixel values. This a <var>scaled</var> log function. The <var>value</var> used with <code>Log</code> provides a <var>scaling
				3501	factor</var> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The
				3502	formula applied to a normalized value <b><var>u</var></b> is below. </p>
				3503
				3504	<p class="text-center">
				3505	log(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b> + 1) / log(<var>value</var> + 1)
				3506	</p>
				3507
				3508	<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3509	normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
				3510	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3511	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3512	with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3513	with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
				3514
				3515	<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				3516	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				3517	The synonyms <code>Cos</code> and <code>Sin</code> may also be used. The output
				3518	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				3519	range. The <var>value</var> scaling of the <var>period</var> of the
				3520	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				3521	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <var>value</var> is 1, the effective period is simply the <var>QuantumRange</var>; but if the <var>value</var> is 2,
				3522	then the effective period is the <var>half</var> the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3523
				3524	<p class="text-center">
				3525	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
				3526	</p>
				3527
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3528	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3529	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
				3530
				3531	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3532	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
				3533	</div>
				3534
				3535	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
				3536	logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
				3537
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3538	<p>To print a complete list of <a
				3539	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
				3540	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3541
				3542	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3543	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3544	</div>
				3545
				3546	<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
				3547
				3548	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
				3549	To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
				3550	specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3551	specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				3552	>-compose</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3553
				3554	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				3555	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				3556	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				3557
				3558	<pre>
				3559	convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
				3560	-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
				3561	</pre>
				3562
				3563	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3564
				3565	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3566	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3567	</div>
				3568
				3569	<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
				3570
				3571	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
				3572	image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				3573
				3574	<pre>
				3575	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
				3576	image.rgb image.png",
				3577	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
				3578	image.rgb image.png"
				3579	</pre>
				3580
				3581	<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
				3582
				3583	<pre>
				3584	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
				3585	image.rgb image.png
				3586	</pre>
				3587
				3588	<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
				3589	equivalent to:</p>
				3590
				3591	<pre>
				3592	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
				3593	</pre>
				3594
				3595	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3596
				3597	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3598	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
				3599	</div>
				3600
				3601	<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
				3602
				3603	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for
				3604	rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font
				3605	(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
				3606	"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
				3607
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3608	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3609	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3610	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3611
				3612	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3613	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
				3614	</div>
				3615
				3616	<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
				3617
				3618	<pre>
				3619	Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
				3620	Contrast Entropy
				3621	Correlation Difference Variance
				3622	Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
				3623	Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
				3624	Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
				3625	Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
				3626	</pre>
				3627
				3628	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3629	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
				3630	</div>
				3631
				3632	<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				3633
				3634	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				3635	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
				3636	(spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is
				3637	represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying
				3638	amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along
				3639	the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are
				3640	complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for
				3641	example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier
				3642	Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier
				3643	Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier
				3644	Transform</a>.</p>
				3645
				3646	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the
				3647	output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
				3648	separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports
				3649	multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
				3650	frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be
				3651	visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
				3652	into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
				3653	magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3654	number. See for example, <a
				3655	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3656
				3657	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
				3658	formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
				3659	PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
				3660	formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				3661
				3662	<pre>
				3663	convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
				3664	</pre>
				3665
				3666	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
				3667	image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
				3668
				3669	<pre>
				3670	convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
				3671	</pre>
				3672
				3673	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
				3674	as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3675	force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
				3676	href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3677
				3678	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
				3679	is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
				3680	image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
				3681	and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3682	phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
				3683	href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3684
				3685	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
				3686	[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
				3687	Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but is scaled to span the full
				3688	dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
				3689	scaled). The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain
				3690	very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In
				3691	order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log
				3692	function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to
				3693	enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
				3694	be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				3695
				3696	<pre>
				3697	convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
				3698	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
				3699	</pre>
				3700
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3701	<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
				3702	href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3703	range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
				3704	typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
				3705	detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
				3706	visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				3707
				3708	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				3709	use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
				3710
				3711	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real
				3712	and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				3713
				3714	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values,
				3715	this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
				3716	use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
				3717	results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
				3718	values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
				3719	MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
				3720	types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
				3721
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3722	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
				3723	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3724	padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
				3725	images.</p>
				3726
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3727	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				3728	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				3729	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				3730	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
				3731	href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
				3732	>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
				3733	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3734	entry. </p>
				3735
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3736	<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3737
				3738
				3739	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3740	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
				3741	</div>
				3742
				3743	<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
				3744
				3745	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3746	HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3747	a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				3748
				3749	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
				3750	the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				3751
				3752	<p>For example,</p>
				3753
				3754	<pre>
				3755	-fill blue
				3756	-fill "#ddddff"
				3757	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				3758	</pre>
				3759
				3760	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				3761
				3762	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				3763
				3764	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3765	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
				3766	</div>
				3767
				3768	<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
				3769
				3770	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3771	operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				3772	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3773
				3774	<pre>
				3775	Point Hermite Cubic
				3776	Box Gaussian Catrom
				3777	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				3778	</pre>
				3779
				3780	<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
				3781	as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
				3782	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				3783	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				3784	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
				3785
				3786	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3787	function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3788	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				3789	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
				3790
				3791	<pre>
				3792	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				3793	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				3794	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				3795	</pre>
				3796
				3797	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				3798	<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				3799	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				3800
				3801	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				3802	<code>Mitchell</code> for a colormapped image, an image with a matte channel, or
				3803	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				3804	<code>Lanczos</code>.</p>
				3805
				3806	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3807	filter</a> option.</p>
				3808
				3809	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3810	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
				3811	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3812
				3813	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				3814	<tr>
				3815	<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
				3816	<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
				3817	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				3818	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				3819	results. </td>
				3820	</tr>
				3821
				3822	<tr>
				3823	<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3824	<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				3825	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				3826	filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
				3827	<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				3828	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				3829	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				3830	</td>
				3831	</tr>
				3832
				3833	<tr>
				3834	<td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
				3835	<td>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
				3836	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				3837	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				3838	image distorts.</td>
				3839	</tr>
				3840
				3841	<tr>
				3842	<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
				3843	<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
				3844	sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
				3845	does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
				3846	to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
				3847	to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
				3848	(a value of '1/sqrt(2)') is another common setting. </td>
				3849	</tr>
				3850
				3851	<tr>
				3852	<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3853	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3854	<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
				3855	<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
				3856	<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
				3857	the <code>Parzen</code> cubic windowing function. If only one of the values
				3858	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
				3859	The values meaning was defined by a research paper by
				3860	Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
				3861	</tr>
				3862
				3863	<tr>
				3864	<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
				3865	<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
				3866	Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
				3867	does not effect any other attributes.
				3868	Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
				3869	inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
				3870	function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
				3871	assign it be more definitive. </td>
				3872	</tr>
				3873
				3874	<tr>
				3875	<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
				3876	<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
				3877	will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
				3878	and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
				3879	</tr>
				3880
				3881	<tr>
				3882	<td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3883	<td>Use this function directly as the weighting filter. This will allow
				3884	you to directly use a windowing function such as <code>Blackman</code>,
				3885	as a resampling filter, rather than as its normal usage as a windowing
				3886	function. If defined, no windowing function also defined, the window function is set
				3887	to <code>Box</code>). Directly specifying <code>Sinc</code> or <code>Jinc</code>
				3888	as a filter will also do this. </td>
				3889	</tr>
				3890
				3891	<tr>
				3892	<td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3893	<td>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <code>Sinc</code> and
				3894	<code>Jinc</code> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				3895	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				3896	function to be used as a windowing function for these IIR filters.
				3897	Many of the defined filters are actually windowing functions for these IIR
				3898	filters. A typical choices is <code>Box</code>, (which effectively turns
				3899	off the windowing function). </td>
				3900	</tr>
				3901
				3902	<tr>
				3903	<td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3904	<td>Scale windowing function to this size instead. This causes the windowing
				3905	(or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
				3906	larger than what is actually supplied to the calling operator. The filter
				3907	however is still clipped to the real support size given. If unset this
				3908	will equal the normal filter support size. </td>
				3909	</tr>
				3910
				3911	<tr>
				3912	<td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
				3913	<td>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				3914	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				3915	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				3916	easily graphed. Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other filters. The <code>Lanczos</code> filter for example is defined in terms of
				3917	a <code>SincFast</code> windowed <code>SincFast</code> filter, while
				3918	<code>Mitchell</code> is defined as a general <code>Cubic</code> family filter
				3919	with specific 'B' and 'C' settings. </td>
				3920	</tr>
				3921
				3922	</table>
				3923
				3924	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
				3925
				3926	<pre>
				3927	convert image.png \
				3928	-filter sinc \
				3929	-set filter:window=jinc \
				3930	-set filter:lobes=8 \
				3931	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3932	</pre>
				3933
				3934	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				3935
				3936	<pre>
				3937	convert image.png \
				3938	-set filter:filter=sinc \
				3939	-set filter:lobes=4 \
				3940	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3941	</pre>
				3942
				3943	<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
				3944	a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
				3945	windowing function. </p>
				3946
				3947	<pre>
				3948	convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
				3949	-define filter:window=Welch \
				3950	-define filter:support=1.0 \
				3951	-define filter:verbose=1 \
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3952	-resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3953	gnuplot
				3954	set grid
				3955	plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
				3956	</pre>
				3957
				3958	<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
				3959	who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
				3960	knowledge, and an understanding of the definition of the actual filters
				3961	involved, using expert settings are more likely to be detrimental to your image
				3962	resizing.</p>
				3963
				3964
				3965	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3966	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
				3967	</div>
				3968
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3969	<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3970
				3971
				3972	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3973	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
				3974	</div>
				3975
				3976	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
				3977
				3978	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
				3979	upside-down. </p>
				3980
				3981
				3982	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3983	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
				3984	</div>
				3985
				3986	<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
				3987
				3988	<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3989	Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3990	given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3991	will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3992
				3993	<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3994	<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3995	action will be taken. </p>
				3996
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3997	<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3998	a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3999	point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4000	its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
				4001
				4002
				4003	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4004	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
				4005	</div>
				4006
				4007	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
				4008
				4009	<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
				4010	a vertical mirror. </p>
				4011
				4012
				4013	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4014	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
				4015	</div>
				4016
				4017	<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
				4018
				4019	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</a>
				4020	option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				4021
				4022	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				4023	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <code>Arial.ttf</code>
				4024	is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
				4025	<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
				4026
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4027	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				4028	href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				4029	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4030
				4031
				4032	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4033	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
				4034	</div>
				4035
				4036	<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
				4037
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4038	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				4039	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4040
				4041	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				4042
				4043	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4044	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
				4045	</div>
				4046
				4047	<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
				4048
				4049	<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
				4050	image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4051	For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
				4052	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4053
				4054	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
				4055	filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
				4056	the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
				4057	example, if you specify <var>tiff</var> as the format type and the
				4058	input image filename is <var>image.gif</var>, the output image
				4059	filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
				4060
				4061	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4062	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
				4063	</div>
				4064
				4065	<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
				4066
				4067	<p>See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4068	Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this
				4069	option.</p>
				4070
				4071	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4072	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4073	</div>
				4074
				4075	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
				4076
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4077	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color"
				4078	>-alpha-color</a> command line option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4079
				4080	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				4081	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				4082	in the <var>geometry</var> argument, then the border added is
				4083	a solid color. Offsets <var>x</var> and <var>y</var>, if present, specify that
				4084	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				4085	thickness <var>x</var> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				4086	<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				4087	</p>
				4088
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4089	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				4090	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4091	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				4092	size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4093	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4094	href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color">-alpha-color</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4095	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4096	'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				4097	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4098
				4099	<p>The image composition is not
				4100	affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				4101
				4102
				4103	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4104	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
				4105	</div>
				4106
				4107	<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
				4108	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4109	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
				4110	</div>
				4111
				4112	<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
				4113
				4114	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4115	each of the color values for each previously set <a
				4116	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
				4117	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4118	calculations are handled.</p>
				4119
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4120	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
				4121	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4122	ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				4123
				4124	<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
				4125	numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
				4126
				4127	<pre>
				4128	Polynomial
				4129	Sinusoid
				4130	Arcsin
				4131	Arctan
				4132	</pre>
				4133
				4134	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
				4135	use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				4136
				4137	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4138	<dt>Polynomial</dt>
				4139	<dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
				4140	these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
				4141	That is, entering</p>
				4142
				4143	<pre>
				4144	-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
				4145	</pre>
				4146
				4147	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				4148
				4149	<pre>
				4150	<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
				4151	</pre>
				4152
				4153	<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				4154
				4155	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
				4156	(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
				4157	<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4158	polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
				4159	href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4160	correspondences follow.</p>
				4161
				4162	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4163	<tr>
				4164	<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
				4165	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
				4166	<td>(Constant functions; set <var>value</var>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				4167	</tr>
				4168	<tr>
				4169	<td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
				4170	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
				4171	</tr>
				4172	<tr>
				4173	<td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
				4174	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
				4175	</tr>
				4176	<tr>
				4177	<td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
				4178	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
				4179	</tr>
				4180	<tr>
				4181	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				4182	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				4183	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				4184	</tr>
				4185	</table>
				4186
				4187	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function gives great versatility, since
				4188	polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy
				4189	desired.</p>
				4190
				4191	</dd>
				4192	<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
				4193	<dd>
				4194	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
				4195	sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
				4196	values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				4197
				4198	<pre>
				4199	-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4200	</pre>
				4201
				4202	<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
				4203	corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
				4204	The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
				4205	<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				4206
				4207	<pre>
				4208	<var>amp</var> * sin(2π (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
				4209	</pre>
				4210
				4211	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
				4212	(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
				4213	.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				4214
				4215	<pre>
				4216	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				4217	</pre>
				4218
				4219	<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
				4220	is 0.</p>
				4221
				4222	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function generalizes <code>Sin</code> and
				4223	<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
				4224	varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				4225
				4226	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4227	<tr>
				4228	<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
				4229	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
				4230	</tr>
				4231	<tr>
				4232	<td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
				4233	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
				4234	</tr>
				4235	</table>
				4236	</dd>
				4237	<dt>ArcSin</dt>
				4238	<dd>
				4239	<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				4240	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				4241	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
				4242	of values.</p>
				4243
				4244	<pre>
				4245	-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4246	</pre>
				4247
				4248	<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
				4249	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				4250	for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				4251
				4252	<pre>
				4253	<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4254	</pre>
				4255
				4256	</dd>
				4257	<dt>ArcTan</dt>
				4258	<dd>
				4259	<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				4260	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
				4261	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
				4262
				4263	<pre>
				4264	-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4265	</pre>
				4266
				4267	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				4268	</p>
				4269
				4270	<pre>
				4271	<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>π ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4272	</pre>
				4273	</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4274	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4275	</dl>
				4276
				4277
				4278
				4279	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4280	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				4281	</div>
				4282
				4283	<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
				4284
				4285	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must
				4286	be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color
				4287	in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an
				4288	image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target
				4289	background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for
				4290	these differences.</p>
				4291
				4292	<p>The <var>distance</var> can be in absolute intensity units or, by
				4293	appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
				4294	65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				4295
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4296	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4297
				4298
				4299	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4300	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				4301	</div>
				4302
				4303	<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
				4304
				4305	<p>If the first character of <var>expression</var> is <code>@</code>,
				4306	the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
				4307	string.</p>
				4308
				4309	<p>See <a href="fx.html">FX,
				4310	The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this
				4311	option.</p>
				4312
				4313
				4314	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4315	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
				4316	</div>
				4317
				4318	<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
				4319
				4320	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
				4321	different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to
				4322	adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from
				4323	<code>0.8</code> to <code>2.3</code>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
				4324	gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
				4325	result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only
				4326	eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				4327
				4328	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
				4329	a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the
				4330	normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
				4331	same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				4332
				4333	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
				4334	the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
				4335	<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
				4336
				4337	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
				4338	image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
				4339	is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
				4340	(e.g. PNG images). Write the "file gamma" which is the reciprocal of the
				4341	display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
				4342	chunk, use</p>
				4343
				4344	<pre>
				4345	convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
				4346	</pre>
				4347
				4348	<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
				4349
				4350	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				4351
				4352	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4353	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4354	</div>
				4355
				4356	<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
				4357
				4358	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4359	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4360
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4361	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4362
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4363	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4364	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				4365
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4366	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4367	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				4368	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				4369	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				4370	</p>
				4371
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4372	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
				4373	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				4374	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				4375	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4376	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				4377
				4378	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
				4379	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				4380	neighboring pixels. </p>
				4381
				4382	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4383	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4384	</p>
				4385
				4386
				4387	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4388	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4389	</div>
				4390
				4391	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
				4392
				4393	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4394
				4395	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4396	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
				4397	</div>
				4398
				4399	<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
				4400
				4401	<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
				4402	<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4403	<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
				4404	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
				4405	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4406	installation.</p>
				4407
				4408	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
				4409	example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4410	the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>undefined</code>. See <a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4411	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
				4412	text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
				4413	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4414
				4415	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
				4416	<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4417	take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
				4418	href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4419
				4420	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
				4421	or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
				4422	offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested
				4423	by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
				4424	command, for example, suppose the file <code>image.png</code> has dimensions
				4425	200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>
				4426	is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
				4427	<code>Center</code>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point
				4428	(100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving
				4429	(100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at
				4430	that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
				4431	region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
				4432	coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				4433
				4434	<pre>
				4435	convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
				4436	-negate output.png
				4437	</pre>
				4438
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4439	<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
				4440	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4441	within the composite.</p>
				4442
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4443	<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
				4444	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4445	within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
				4446
				4447
				4448	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4449	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
				4450	</div>
				4451
				4452	<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
				4453
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4454	<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4455	convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
				4456
				4457	<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
				4458
				4459	<pre>
				4460	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
				4461	</pre>
				4462
				4463	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4464
				4465	<pre>
				4466	convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
				4467	</pre>
				4468
				4469	<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
				4470
				4471	<pre>
				4472	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
				4473	</pre>
				4474
				4475	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4476
				4477	<pre>
				4478	convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
				4479	</pre>
				4480
				4481	<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
				4482	regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
				4483	intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
				4484	using. </p>
				4485
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4486	<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
				4487	it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4488	will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
				4489
				4490
				4491	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4492	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				4493	</div>
				4494
				4495	<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
				4496
				4497
				4498	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4499	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
				4500	</div>
				4501
				4502	<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
				4503
				4504	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				4505	dimensions. Create it with the <code>HALD:</code> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				4506	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				4507	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				4508
				4509	<pre>
				4510	convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
				4511	</pre>
				4512
				4513	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				4514	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				4515	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				4516
				4517	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				4518	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4519	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				4520	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4521	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				4522
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4523	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4524	of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler grayscale
				4525	image. E.g: grayscale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4526	mapping. </p>
				4527
				4528
				4529	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4530	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
				4531	</div>
				4532
				4533	<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
				4534
				4535	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4536	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				4537	</div>
				4538
				4539	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				4540
				4541	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4542	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
				4543	</div>
				4544
				4545	<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
				4546
				4547	<p>Use the Hough line detector with any binary edge extracted image to locate and draw any straight lines that it finds.</p>
				4548
				4549	<p>The process accumulates counts for every white pixel in the binary edge image for every possible orientation (for angles from 0 to 179 in 1 deg increments) and distance from the center of the image to the corners (in 1 px increments). It stores the counts in an accumulator matrix of angle vs distance. The size of the accumulator will be 180x(diagonal/2). Next it searches the accumulator for peaks in counts and converts the locations of the peaks to slope and intercept in the normal x,y input image space. The algorithm uses slope/intercepts to find the endpoints clipped to the bounds of the image. The lines are drawn from the given endpoints. The counts are a measure of the length of the lines.</p>.
				4550
				4551	<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
				4552
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4553	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4554
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4555	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4556
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4557	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4558
				4559	<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
				4560
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4561	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4562
				4563	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4564	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4565	</div>
				4566
				4567	<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
				4568
				4569	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same
				4570	manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
				4571	handle negative offsets.</p>
				4572
				4573	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4574
				4575	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4576	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
				4577	</div>
				4578
				4579	<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
				4580
				4581	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4582	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
				4583	</div>
				4584
				4585	<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
				4586
				4587	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
				4588	the image class (<var>DirectClass</var> or <var>PseudoClass</var>); the total number of unique colors; and the
				4589	number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> for
				4590	a description of the image class.</p>
				4591
				4592	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4593	in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
				4594	href="quantize.html">color
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4595	reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				4596
				4597	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
				4598	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				4599	image histogram, and others.</p>
				4600
				4601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
				4603	</div>
				4604
				4605	<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				4606
				4607	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				4608	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
				4609	images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4610	domain. See for example, <a
				4611	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4612	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
				4613	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
				4614
				4615	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
				4616	the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				4617
				4618	<pre>
				4619	convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4620	</pre>
				4621
				4622	<p>or</p>
				4623
				4624	<pre>
				4625	convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4626	</pre>
				4627
				4628	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4629	the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
				4630	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4631	the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
				4632
				4633	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				4634	use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
				4635
				4636	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real
				4637	and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
				4638	(spatial) domain.</p>
				4639
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4640	<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4641
				4642	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4643	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
				4644	</div>
				4645
				4646	<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
				4647
				4648	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4649	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
				4650	</div>
				4651
				4652	<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
				4653
				4654	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4655	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
				4656	</div>
				4657
				4658	<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
				4659
				4660	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it
				4661	at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is
				4662	calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such
				4663	<code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				4664
				4665	<p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
				4666	other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence.
				4667	Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				4668
				4669	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4670	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
				4671	</div>
				4672
				4673	<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
				4674
				4675	<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
				4676	operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
				4677	an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
				4678	<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
				4679	converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
				4680
				4681	<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
				4682	the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
				4683	being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
				4684
				4685	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4686	<dt>Rec601Luma</dt><dd> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
				4687	<dt>Rec601Luminance</dt><dd> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
				4688	<dt>Rec709Luma</dt><dd> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
				4689	<dt>Rec709Luminance</dt><dd> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
				4690	<dt>Brightness</dt><dd> max(R', G', B')</dd>
				4691	<dt>Lightness</dt><dd> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
				4692	</dl>
				4693
				4694	<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
				4695	R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
				4696
				4697	<p>These intensity methods are mathematical in nature and will use the
				4698	current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
				4699	what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
				4700
				4701	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4702	<dt>Average</dt><dd>(R + G + B) / 3.0</dd>
				4703	<dt>MS</dt><dd>(R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0</dd>
				4704	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
				4705	</dl>
				4706
				4707	<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4708	grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				4709	>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4710
				4711	<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
				4712	error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
				4713	example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4714	difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
				4715	href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4716
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4717	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
				4718	grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
				4719	href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4720
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4721	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4722	the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
				4723	appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
				4724	function.</p>
				4725
				4726	<p>To print a complete list of possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
				4727
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4728	<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4729
				4730	<pre>
				4731	-adaptive-blur
				4732	-adaptive-sharpen
				4733	-black-threshold
				4734	-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
				4735	-colors for gray colorspace
				4736	-compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
				4737	-contrast-stretch
				4738	-distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
				4739	-normalize
				4740	-random-threshold
				4741	-selective-blur
				4742	-shade
				4743	-threshold
				4744	-tint
				4745	-white-threshold
				4746	</pre>
				4747
				4748	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4749	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
				4750	</div>
				4751
				4752	<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
				4753
				4754	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see
				4755	<a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolute,
				4756	Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</code>.</p>
				4757
				4758	<p>The default intent is Perceptual for the sRGB colorspace and undefined for the RGB and gray colorspaces.</p>
				4759
				4760	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				4761
				4762	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4763	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
				4764	</div>
				4765
				4766	<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
				4767
				4768	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4769
				4770	<pre>
				4771	none
				4772	line
				4773	plane
				4774	partition
				4775	JPEG
				4776	GIF
				4777	PNG
				4778	</pre>
				4779
				4780	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
				4781	formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
				4782
				4783	<p><code>None</code> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				4784
				4785	<p><code>Line</code> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				4786
				4787	<p><code>Plane</code> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				4788
				4789	<p><code>Partition</code> is like plane except the different planes are saved to
				4790	individual files (e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</p>
				4791
				4792	<p>Use <code>Line</code> or <code>Plane</code> to create an <code>interlaced
				4793	PNG</code> or <code>GIF</code> or <code>progressive JPEG</code> image.</p>
				4794
				4795	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				4796	interlace</a>.</p>
				4797
				4798	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4799	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
				4800	</div>
				4801
				4802	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
				4803
				4804	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
				4805	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				4806	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				4807	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				4808	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				4809
				4810	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4811	<dt>integer</dt>
				4812	<dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
				4813	<dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
				4814	<dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
				4815	<dt>average</dt>
				4816	<dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
				4817	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				4818	<dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
				4819	<dt>mesh</dt>
				4820	<dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
				4821	<dt>bicubic</dt>
				4822	<dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
				4823	<dt>spline</dt>
				4824	<dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
				4825	<dt>filter</dt>
				4826	<dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
				4827	</dl>
				4828
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4829	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				4830	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
				4831	>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4832
				4833	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				4834
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4835	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4836	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				4837
				4838
				4839	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4840	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4841	</div>
				4842
				4843	<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
				4844
				4845	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4846	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4847	</div>
				4848
				4849	<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
				4850
				4851	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4852	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
				4853	</div>
				4854
				4855	<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
				4856
				4857	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4858	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4859	</div>
				4860
				4861	<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
				4862
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4863	<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4864
				4865
				4866	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4867	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
				4868	</div>
				4869
				4870	<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
				4871
				4872	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4873	or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4874	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				4875	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
				4876
				4877	<p>When saving an image to a <var>PostScript</var> file, any label
				4878	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				4879	image. </p>
				4880
				4881	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				4882	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4883	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
				4884
				4885	<p>For example,</p>
				4886
				4887	<pre>
				4888	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				4889	</pre>
				4890
				4891	<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
				4892	"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				4893	is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				4894	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				4895	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
				4896
				4897	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				4898	via <var>Label</var> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				4899	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				4900	during the final processing in the creation of an image montage.</p>
				4901
				4902	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				4903	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				4904	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				4905
				4906
				4907	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4908	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4909	</div>
				4910
				4911	<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
				4912
				4913	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				4914	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				4915	the optional <code>offset</code>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				4916	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				4917	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				4918	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				4919
				4920	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				4921	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				4922	the local background color, from which to separate the foreground color. </p>
				4923
				4924
				4925	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4926	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
				4927	</div>
				4928
				4929	<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
				4930
				4931	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				4932	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				4933	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				4934
				4935	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4936	<tbody>
				4937	<tr>
				4938	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				4939	<th>Description</th>
				4940	</tr>
				4941
				4942	<tr>
				4943	<td>compare-any</td>
				4944	<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4945	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				4946	href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4947	</tr>
				4948
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4949	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				4950	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4951	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				4952	'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
				4953	</tr>
				4954
				4955	<tr>
				4956	<td>compare-clear</td>
				4957	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
				4958	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				4959	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				4960	</tr>
				4961
				4962	<tr>
				4963	<td>compare-overlay</td>
				4964	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
				4965	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				4966	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				4967	</tr>
				4968
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4969	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4970	composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
				4971	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				4972	</tr>
				4973
				4974	<tr>
				4975	<td>coalesce</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4976	<td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
				4977	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4978	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				4979	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				4980	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				4981	</tr>
				4982
				4983	<tr>
				4984	<td>composite</td>
				4985	<td>Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				4986	"<code>null:</code>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				4987	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				4988	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				4989	image lists are removed. </td>
				4990	</tr>
				4991
				4992
				4993	<tr><td></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4994	<td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				4995	to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				4996	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
				4997	href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4998	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
				4999
				5000	<tr><td></td>
				5001	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
				5002	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				5003	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				5004	preserved. </td>
				5005	</tr>
				5006
				5007
				5008	<tr>
				5009	<td>dispose</td>
				5010	<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
				5011	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				5012	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5013	results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
				5014	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5015	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				5016	</td>
				5017	</tr>
				5018
				5019	<tr>
				5020	<td>flatten</td>
				5021	<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5022	canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
				5023	and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5024	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				5025	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				5026	</tr>
				5027
				5028	<tr><td></td>
				5029	<td>This usually used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
				5030	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				5031	</tr>
				5032
				5033	<tr><td></td>
				5034	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
				5035	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay an opaque color to remove
				5036	transparency from an image.</td>
				5037	</tr>
				5038
				5039
				5040	<tr>
				5041	<td>merge</td>
				5042	<td>As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				5043	layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
				5044	image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
				5045	will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				5046	negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				5047	</td>
				5048	</tr>
				5049
				5050	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
				5051	negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5052	Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5053	will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
				5054	overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
				5055	not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
				5056	</td>
				5057	</tr>
				5058
				5059	<tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
				5060	without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
				5061	</tr>
				5062
				5063	<tr>
				5064	<td>mosaic</td>
				5065	<td>As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				5066	of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
				5067	image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
				5068	by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
				5069	become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
				5070	if this could be a problem. </td>
				5071
				5072	</tr>
				5073
				5074	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
				5075	using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
				5076	resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
				5077	can be saved to any image file format. </td>
				5078	</tr>
				5079
				5080
				5081	<tr>
				5082	<td>optimize</td>
				5083	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				5084	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				5085	apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
				5086	'<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
				5087	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				5088	</tr>
				5089
				5090	<tr>
				5091	<td>optimize-frame</td>
				5092	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				5093	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				5094	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				5095	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				5096	</tr>
				5097
				5098	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
				5099	But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				5100	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				5101	optimizers seen. </td>
				5102	</tr>
				5103
				5104	<tr>
				5105	<td>optimize-plus</td>
				5106	<td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
				5107	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				5108	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				5109	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				5110	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				5111	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				5112	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				5113	'<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
				5114	</tr>
				5115
				5116	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
				5117	style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
				5118	though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
				5119	better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
				5120	animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
				5121	animation size. </td>
				5122	</tr>
				5123
				5124	<tr>
				5125	<td>optimize-transparency</td>
				5126	<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				5127	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5128	animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5129	</td>
				5130	</tr>
				5131
				5132	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
				5133	to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
				5134	(transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
				5135	the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				5136	</tr>
				5137
				5138	<tr>
				5139	<td>remove-dups</td>
				5140	<td>Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				5141	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				5142	</td>
				5143	</tr>
				5144
				5145	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
				5146	across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
				5147	smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
				5148	used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				5149	</tr>
				5150
				5151	<tr>
				5152	<td>remove-zero</td>
				5153	<td>Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				5154	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				5155	warning is then issued). </td>
				5156	</tr>
				5157
				5158	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
				5159	provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
				5160	actually displayed to users. These frames are usually added for
				5161	improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				5162	</tr>
				5163
				5164	<tr>
				5165	<td>trim-bounds</td>
				5166	<td>Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				5167	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				5168	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
				5169	merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
				5170	All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
				5171	a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
				5172	each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
				5173	will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
				5174	edges however may be transparent. </td>
				5175	</tr>
				5176
				5177	<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5178	<a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5179	have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
				5180	'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
				5181	</tr>
				5182
				5183	</tbody>
				5184	</table>
				5185
				5186	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				5187
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5188	<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5189	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
				5190	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
				5191	the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
				5192	>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
				5193	GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5194	settings. </p>
				5195
				5196
				5197	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5198	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
				5199	</div>
				5200
				5201	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
				5202
				5203	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				5204	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				5205	white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
				5206	100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
				5207	If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5208	points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
				5209	href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5210	default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				5211
				5212	<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
				5213	the given '<code>black_point</code>' value in the original image is set to zero
				5214	(or black), while the given '<code>white_point</code>' value is set to <var>QuantumRange</var> (or white). This provides you with direct
				5215	contrast adjustments to the image. The '<code>gamma</code>' of the resulting
				5216	image will then be adjusted. </p>
				5217
				5218	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
				5219	(<code>+level</code>) or adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument
				5220	list, will cause the operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That
				5221	is a zero, or <var>QuantumRange</var> value (black, and white, resp.)
				5222	in the original image, is adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to
				5223	de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
				5224	'<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
				5225	image is made. </p>
				5226
				5227	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				5228	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				5229	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				5230
				5231	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5232	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5233
				5234
				5235	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5236	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
				5237	</div>
				5238
				5239	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
				5240
				5241	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that the
				5242	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				5243	'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
				5244	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				5245
				5246	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
				5247	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
				5248	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
				5249	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
				5250
				5251	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
				5252	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
				5253	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5254	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain grayscale image into a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5255	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				5256
				5257	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				5258	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
				5259	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
				5260	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				5261	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				5262	color (+ form). </p>
				5263
				5264
				5265	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5266	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
				5267	</div>
				5268
				5269	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
				5270
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5271	<p>Choose from: <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>area</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>, <code>thread</code>, <code>throttle</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5272
				5273	<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
				5274	in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
				5275	with SI prefixes (.e.g 100MB).</p>
				5276
				5277	<p>By default the limits are 768 files, 3GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 3GiB
				5278	memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the
				5279	available resources on your computer if this information is available. When
				5280	any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take
				5281	compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
				5282	memory:</p>
				5283
				5284	<pre>
				5285	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
				5286	</pre>
				5287
				5288	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				5289
				5290	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5291	-> identify -list resource
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5292	Resource limits:
				5293	Width: 100MP
				5294	Height: 100MP
				5295	Area: 25.181GB
				5296	Memory: 11.726GiB
				5297	Map: 23.452GiB
				5298	Disk: unlimited
				5299	File: 768
				5300	Thread: 12
				5301	Throttle: 0
				5302	Time: unlimited
				5303	</pre>
				5304
				5305	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
				5306	of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5307	disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5308	and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
				5309	allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
				5310	request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
				5311	<code>area</code> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				5312
				5313	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical
				5314	image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in
				5315	memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the
				5316	<code>memory</code> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If
				5317	a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file
				5318	is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
				5319	<code>map</code> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if
				5320	the resource request exceeds the <code>area</code> limit, the pixels are
				5321	automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program
				5322	fails.</p>
				5323
				5324	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource
				5325	limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax
				5326	your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process
				5327	images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all
				5328	or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows
				5329	other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under
				5330	these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick
				5331	workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For
				5332	example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from
				5333	the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
				5334	simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
				5335
				5336	<pre>
				5337	-limit area 10MB
				5338	</pre>
				5339
				5340	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
				5341	cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
				5342	typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can
				5343	be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users
				5344	might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
				5345	limit as well:</p>
				5346
				5347	<pre>
				5348	-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
				5349	</pre>
				5350
				5351	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				5352
				5353	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5354	with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5355	environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
				5356	<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
				5357	<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
				5358	<code>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</code> for limits of
				5359	image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads
				5360	of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				5361
				5362	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
				5363	their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the
				5364	pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how
				5365	resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output
				5366	through <code>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</code> for more readable sifting.
				5367	</p>
				5368
				5369	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5370	Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
				5371	">Architecture</a> page. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5372
				5373	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5374	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5375	</div>
				5376
				5377	<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
				5378
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5379	<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5380	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5381	be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
				5382	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5383
				5384	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				5385	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				5386	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				5387
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5388	<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5389	'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
				5390	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				5391
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5392	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5393	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				5394
				5395	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5396
				5397
				5398	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5399	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
				5400	</div>
				5401
				5402	<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
				5403
				5404	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5405	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5406	</div>
				5407
				5408	<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
				5409
				5410	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5411
				5412	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5413	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
				5414	</div>
				5415
				5416	<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
				5417
				5418	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5419	Align
				5420	Alpha
				5421	Boolean
				5422	Cache
				5423	Channel
				5424	Class
				5425	ClipPath
				5426	Coder
				5427	Color
				5428	Colorspace
				5429	Command
				5430	Complex
				5431	Compose
				5432	Compress
				5433	Configure
				5434	DataType
				5435	Debug
				5436	Decoration
				5437	Delegate
				5438	Direction
				5439	Dispose
				5440	Distort
				5441	Dither
				5442	Endian
				5443	Evaluate
				5444	FillRule
				5445	Filter
				5446	Font
				5447	Format
				5448	Function
				5449	Gravity
				5450	Intensity
				5451	Intent
				5452	Interlace
				5453	Interpolate
				5454	Kernel
				5455	Layers
				5456	LineCap
				5457	LineJoin
				5458	List
				5459	Locale
				5460	LogEvent
				5461	Log
				5462	Magic
				5463	Method
				5464	Metric
				5465	Mime
				5466	Mode
				5467	Morphology
				5468	Module
				5469	Noise
				5470	Orientation
				5471	PixelIntensity
				5472	Policy
				5473	PolicyDomain
				5474	PolicyRights
				5475	Preview
				5476	Primitive
				5477	QuantumFormat
				5478	Resource
				5479	SparseColor
				5480	Statistic
				5481	Storage
				5482	Stretch
				5483	Style
				5484	Threshold
				5485	Type
				5486	Units
				5487	Validate
				5488	VirtualPixel
				5489	</pre>
				5490
				5491	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
				5492	list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
				5493	available:</p>
				5494
				5495	<pre>
				5496	identify -list list
				5497	</pre>
				5498
				5499	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5500	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
				5501	</div>
				5502
				5503	<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
				5504
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5505	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				5506	href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5507
				5508	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				5509	characters:</p>
				5510
				5511	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5512	<dt>%d</dt><dd>domain</dd>
				5513	<dt>%e</dt><dd>event</dd>
				5514	<dt>%f</dt><dd>function</dd>
				5515	<dt>%l</dt><dd>line</dd>
				5516	<dt>%m</dt><dd>module</dd>
				5517	<dt>%p</dt><dd>process ID</dd>
				5518	<dt>%r</dt><dd>real CPU time</dd>
				5519	<dt>%t</dt><dd>wall clock time</dd>
				5520	<dt>%u</dt><dd>user CPU time</dd>
				5521	<dt>%%</dt><dd>percent sign</dd>
				5522	<dt>\n</dt><dd>newline</dd>
				5523	<dt>\r</dt><dd>carriage return</dd>
				5524	</dl>
				5525
				5526	<p>For example:</p>
				5527
				5528	<pre>
				5529	convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
				5530	</pre>
				5531
				5532	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				5533
				5534	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5535	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
				5536	</div>
				5537
				5538	<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
				5539
				5540	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				5541	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <var>iterations</var>
				5542	times.</p>
				5543
				5544	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5545	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				5546	</div>
				5547
				5548	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				5549
				5550	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5551	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
				5552	</div>
				5553
				5554	<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
				5555
				5556
				5557	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5558	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
				5559	</div>
				5560
				5561	<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
				5562
				5563	<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
				5564
				5565	<pre>
				5566	best
				5567	default
				5568	gray
				5569	red
				5570	green
				5571	blue
				5572	</pre>
				5573
				5574	<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
				5575	Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
				5576	the type and <code>display</code> searches the list of colormap types in
				5577	<code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
				5578
				5579
				5580	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5581	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
				5582	</div>
				5583
				5584	<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
				5585
				5586	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				5587
				5588	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5589	<dt>r</dt><dd> red pixel component</dd>
				5590	<dt>g</dt><dd> green pixel component</dd>
				5591	<dt>b</dt><dd> blue pixel component</dd>
				5592	<dt>a</dt><dd> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
				5593	<dt>o</dt><dd> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
				5594	<dt>i</dt><dd> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
				5595	<dt>c</dt><dd> cyan pixel component</dd>
				5596	<dt>m</dt><dd> magenta pixel component</dd>
				5597	<dt>y</dt><dd> yellow pixel component</dd>
				5598	<dt>k</dt><dd> black pixel component</dd>
				5599	<dt>p</dt><dd> pad component (always 0)</dd>
				5600	</dl>
				5601
				5602	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				5603	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				5604
				5605
				5606	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5607	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mask"></a>-mask
				5608	<var>filename</var></h3>
				5609	</div>
				5610
				5611	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				5612
				5613	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				5614	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				5615	</p>
				5616
				5617	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				5618
				5619	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				5620	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
				5621
				5622	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5623	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
				5624	</div>
				5625
				5626	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				5627
				5628	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5629
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5630	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				5631	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5632
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5633	<p>This is an IMv6 option, use <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha-color">-alpha-color</a> with IMv7.</p>
				5634
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5635	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5636	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
				5637	</div>
				5638
				5639	<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5640
				5641	<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5642
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5643	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5644	name. </p>
				5645
				5646	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5647	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5648	</div>
				5649
				5650	<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
				5651
				5652	<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5653
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5654	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5655	name. </p>
				5656
				5657	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5658	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5659	</div>
				5660
				5661	<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
				5662
				5663	<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
				5664
				5665	<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
				5666
				5667	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5668	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
				5669	</div>
				5670
				5671	<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
				5672
				5673	<p>Choose from:</p>
				5674
				5675	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5676	<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
				5677	<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
				5678	<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
				5679	<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
				5680	<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
				5681	<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
				5682	<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
				5683	<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash</dd>
				5684	<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
				5685	<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
				5686	</dl>
				5687
				5688	<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5689	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5690	only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5691	size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5692	'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
				5693	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
				5694
				5695	<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
				5696	('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
				5697	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
				5698
				5699	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				5700	metric</a> option.</p>
				5701
				5702
				5703	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5704	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
				5705	</div>
				5706
				5707	<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5708
				5709	<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5710
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5711	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5712	name. </p>
				5713
				5714
				5715
				5716	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5717	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5718	</div>
				5719
				5720	<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
				5721
				5722	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5723	<h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
				5724	</div>
				5725
				5726	<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
				5727
				5728	<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
				5729	Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
				5730
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5731	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
				5732	for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5733	ImageMagick installation.</p>
				5734
				5735
				5736	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5737	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
				5738	</div>
				5739
				5740	<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
				5741
				5742	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				5743	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
				5744
				5745	<p>The <var>brightness</var> is a multiplier of the overall
				5746	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				5747	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the image
				5748	before and after. </p>
				5749
				5750	<p>The <var>saturation</var> controls the amount of color in an
				5751	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				5752	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
				5753
				5754	<p>The <var>hue</var> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				5755	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				5756	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				5757	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				5758	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				5759	the original image. </p>
				5760
				5761	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5762	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				5763	href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5764
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5765	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
				5766	>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5767	modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
				5768
				5769	<pre>
				5770	convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
				5771	</pre>
				5772
				5773	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5774	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
				5775	</div>
				5776
				5777	<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
				5778
				5779
				5780	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5781	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
				5782	</div>
				5783
				5784	<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
				5785
				5786
				5787	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5788	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
				5789	</div>
				5790
				5791	<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
				5792
				5793	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5794	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
				5795	</div>
				5796
				5797	<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
				5798
				5799	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				5800	appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5801	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				5802	href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5803	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				5804
				5805
				5806	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5807	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
				5808	<h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
				5809	</div>
				5810
				5811	<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
				5812
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5813	<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
				5814	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5815	Morphology</a>. </p>
				5816
				5817
				5818	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5819	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
				5820	</div>
				5821
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5822	<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5823
				5824
				5825	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5826	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5827	</div>
				5828
				5829	<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
				5830
				5831	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				5832	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				5833	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5834
				5835	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
				5836	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
				5837
				5838	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				5839	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				5840	</p>
				5841
				5842	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5843	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
				5844	</div>
				5845
				5846	<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
				5847	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5848	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
				5849	</div>
				5850
				5851	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
				5852
				5853	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes
				5854	black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
				5855	negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				5856
				5857	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5858	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5859	+noise <var>type</var></h3>
				5860	</div>
				5861
				5862	<p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
				5863
				5864	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
				5865	objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
				5866	undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel
				5867	with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been
				5868	found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is
				5869	a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				5870
				5871	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
				5872	specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5873	to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5874	which should be used in preference.</p>
				5875
				5876	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
				5877	types:</p>
				5878
				5879	<pre>
				5880	Gaussian
				5881	Impulse
				5882	Laplacian
				5883	Multiplicative
				5884	Poisson
				5885	Random
				5886	Uniform
				5887	</pre>
				5888
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5889	<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
				5890	href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5891	equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
				5892
				5893	<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
				5894
				5895	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				5896
				5897	<p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allows
				5898	the use of a controlling value to specify the amount of noise that should be
				5899	added to an image. </p>
				5900
				5901
				5902	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5903	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
				5904	</div>
				5905
				5906	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				5907
				5908	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				5909	values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
				5910	white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
				5911
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5912	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				5913	is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				5914	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				5915	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5916
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5917	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5918	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				5919	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5920	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				5921
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5922	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
				5923	Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5924	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
				5925
				5926	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5927
				5928
				5929	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5930	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
				5931	</div>
				5932
				5933	<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
				5934
				5935	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5936	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				5937	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5938	given.</p>
				5939
				5940	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				5941	the target color. </p>
				5942
				5943	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5944	as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5945	transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				5946	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5947	channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
				5948	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				5949	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5950
				5951
				5952	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5953	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
				5954	</div>
				5955
				5956	<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				5957	given number of <var>levels</var> per color channel.</p>
				5958
				5959	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				5960
				5961	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5962	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				5963	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				5964	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				5965	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				5966	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				5967	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				5968	h3x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				5969	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				5970	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				5971	h3x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				5972	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				5973	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				5974	h36x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				5975	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				5976	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				5977	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				5978	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				5979	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				5980	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
				5981	</pre>
				5982
				5983	<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5984	This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
				5985	href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5986	</p>
				5987
				5988	<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
				5989	pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
				5990	white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
				5991	</p>
				5992
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5993	<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5994	dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5995	<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5996	for more details of configuration files. </p>
				5997
				5998	<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5999	<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6000
				6001	<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
				6002	color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
				6003	channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
				6004	simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
				6005	circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
				6006	on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
				6007	looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
				6008	after being created. </p>
				6009
				6010
				6011	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6012	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
				6013	</div>
				6014
				6015	<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
				6016
				6017	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				6018
				6019	<pre>
				6020	bottom-left right-top
				6021	bottom-right top-left
				6022	left-bottom top-right
				6023	left-top undefined
				6024	right-bottom
				6025	</pre>
				6026
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6027	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6028	orientation</a> option.</p>
				6029
				6030
				6031	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6032	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
				6033	-page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6034	+page
				6035	</h3>
				6036	</div>
				6037
				6038	<p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</p>
				6039
				6040	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6041
				6042	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6043	<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
				6044	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6045
				6046	<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
				6047	The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				6048
				6049	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6050	<dt> 11x17 </dt> <dd> 792 x 1224</dd>
				6051	<dt> Ledger </dt> <dd> 1224 x 792</dd>
				6052	<dt> Legal </dt> <dd> 612 x 1008</dd>
				6053	<dt> Letter </dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6054	<dt> LetterSmall</dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6055	<dt> ArchE </dt> <dd> 2592 x 3456</dd>
				6056	<dt> ArchD </dt> <dd> 1728 x 2592</dd>
				6057	<dt> ArchC </dt> <dd> 1296 x 1728</dd>
				6058	<dt> ArchB </dt> <dd> 864 x 1296</dd>
				6059	<dt> ArchA </dt> <dd> 648 x 864</dd>
				6060	<dt> A0 </dt> <dd> 2380 x 3368</dd>
				6061	<dt> A1 </dt> <dd> 1684 x 2380</dd>
				6062	<dt> A2 </dt> <dd> 1190 x 1684</dd>
				6063	<dt> A3 </dt> <dd> 842 x 1190</dd>
				6064	<dt> A4 </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6065	<dt> A4Small </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6066	<dt> A5 </dt> <dd> 421 x 595</dd>
				6067	<dt> A6 </dt> <dd> 297 x 421</dd>
				6068	<dt> A7 </dt> <dd> 210 x 297</dd>
				6069	<dt> A8 </dt> <dd> 148 x 210</dd>
				6070	<dt> A9 </dt> <dd> 105 x 148</dd>
				6071	<dt> A10 </dt> <dd> 74 x 105</dd>
				6072	<dt> B0 </dt> <dd> 2836 x 4008</dd>
				6073	<dt> B1 </dt> <dd> 2004 x 2836</dd>
				6074	<dt> B2 </dt> <dd> 1418 x 2004</dd>
				6075	<dt> B3 </dt> <dd> 1002 x 1418</dd>
				6076	<dt> B4 </dt> <dd> 709 x 1002</dd>
				6077	<dt> B5 </dt> <dd> 501 x 709</dd>
				6078	<dt> C0 </dt> <dd> 2600 x 3677</dd>
				6079	<dt> C1 </dt> <dd> 1837 x 2600</dd>
				6080	<dt> C2 </dt> <dd> 1298 x 1837</dd>
				6081	<dt> C3 </dt> <dd> 918 x 1298</dd>
				6082	<dt> C4 </dt> <dd> 649 x 918</dd>
				6083	<dt> C5 </dt> <dd> 459 x 649</dd>
				6084	<dt> C6 </dt> <dd> 323 x 459</dd>
				6085	<dt> Flsa </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6086	<dt> Flse </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6087	<dt> HalfLetter </dt> <dd> 396 x 612</dd>
				6088	</dl>
				6089
				6090	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
				6091	format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
				6092	purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas
				6093	and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
				6094	position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG
				6095	file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in
				6096	the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values
				6097	that are written in the <code>MHDR</code> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and
				6098	height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the
				6099	sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
				6100	determine its dimensions.</p>
				6101
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6102	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
				6103	href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
				6104	left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
				6105	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6106	page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
				6107	page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
				6108	corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				6109	present with a value other than <var>NorthWest</var>.</p>
				6110
				6111	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				6112
				6113	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
				6114
				6115	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				6116
				6117	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6118	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
				6119	</div>
				6120
				6121	<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
				6122
				6123	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular
				6124	neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
				6125
				6126	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6127	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
				6128
				6129	<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
				6130
				6131	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6132	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6133	</div>
				6134
				6135	<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
				6136
				6137	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				6138
				6139	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6140	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6141	</div>
				6142
				6143	<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
				6144
				6145	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				6146
				6147	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6148	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
				6149	</div>
				6150
				6151	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than \|<var>epsilon</var>\| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				6152
				6153	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6154	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
				6155	</div>
				6156
				6157	<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
				6158
				6159	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6160	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
				6161	</div>
				6162
				6163	<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
				6164
				6165	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6166	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
				6167	</div>
				6168
				6169	<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
				6170
				6171	<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				6172
				6173	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6174	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
				6175	</div>
				6176
				6177	<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
				6178
				6179	<p> The weights should typically be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 to avoid clamping in non-hdri mode at black and white.</p>
				6180
				6181	<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
				6182
				6183	<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1image1^exp1 + wt2image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
				6184
				6185	<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
				6186	<ul>
				6187	<li>A weighted sum of each image provided all weights add to unity and all exponents=1. If the the weights are all equal to 1/(number of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-sequence</a> <var>mean</var>.</li>
				6188	<li>The sum of squares of two or more images, provided the weights are equal (and sum to 1 to avoid clamping) and the exponents equal 2.</li>
				6189	</ul>
				6190
				6191	<p>Note that one may add a constant color to the expression simply by using xc:somecolor for one of the images and specifying the desired weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6192
				6193	<p>Similarly one may add white to the expression by simply using null: (or xc:white) for one of the images with the appropriate weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6194
				6195
				6196	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6197	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
				6198	</div>
				6199
				6200	<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
				6201
				6202	<p>Very low values of <var>levels</var>, e.g., 2, 3, 4, have the most
				6203	visible effect.</p>
				6204
				6205	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6206	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
				6207	</div>
				6208
				6209	<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
				6210
				6211	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6212	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
				6213	</div>
				6214
				6215	<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
				6216
				6217	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
				6218	<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
				6219	these previews:</p>
				6220
				6221	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6222	AddNoise
				6223	Blur
				6224	Brightness
				6225	Charcoal
				6226	Despeckle
				6227	Dull
				6228	EdgeDetect
				6229	Gamma
				6230	Grayscale
				6231	Hue
				6232	Implode
				6233	JPEG
				6234	OilPaint
				6235	Quantize
				6236	Raise
				6237	ReduceNoise
				6238	Roll
				6239	Rotate
				6240	Saturation
				6241	Segment
				6242	Shade
				6243	Sharpen
				6244	Shear
				6245	Solarize
				6246	Spiff
				6247	Spread
				6248	Swirl
				6249	Threshold
				6250	Wave
				6251	</pre>
				6252
				6253	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				6254
				6255	<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
				6256
				6257	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6258	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
				6259	</div>
				6260
				6261	<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
				6262
				6263	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6264	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
				6265	</div>
				6266
				6267	<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
				6268
				6269	<p>The command arguments has the form <code>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ...
				6270	argN"</code> where <code>module</code> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g.
				6271	"Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
				6272	pass to the process module.</p>
				6273
				6274	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6275	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6276	+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
				6277	</div>
				6278
				6279	<p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
				6280
				6281	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
				6282	ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile
				6283	to the image.</p>
				6284
				6285	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
				6286	remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so
				6287	wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we
				6288	remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <code>+profile
				6289	"!xmp,*"</code>. </p>
				6290
				6291	<p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
				6292	image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
				6293	comments).</p>
				6294
				6295	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
				6296	used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <var>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</var> or <var>IPTC</var>.</p>
				6297
				6298	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
				6299	<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
				6300
				6301	<pre>
				6302	convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
				6303	</pre>
				6304
				6305	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6306	original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
				6307	href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6308	therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
				6309	command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
				6310	CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				6311
				6312	<pre>
				6313	convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
				6314	</pre>
				6315
				6316	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
				6317	conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
				6318	asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				6319	</p>
				6320
				6321	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6322	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
				6323	</div>
				6324
				6325	<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
				6326
				6327	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
				6328	highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
				6329	The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
				6330	be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
				6331	chroma channels are not downsampled.
				6332	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
				6333	factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
				6334
				6335	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
				6336	equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
				6337	non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
				6338	the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
				6339	compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
				6340
				6341	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
				6342	compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
				6343	PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
				6344	filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
				6345	compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
				6346
				6347	<p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
				6348	strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst
				6349	compression.</p>
				6350
				6351	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
				6352	all scanlines:</p>
				6353
				6354	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6355	<dt>0</dt><dd>none</dd>
				6356	<dt>1</dt><dd>sub</dd>
				6357	<dt>2</dt><dd>up</dd>
				6358	<dt>3</dt><dd>average</dd>
				6359	<dt>4</dt><dd>Paeth</dd>
				6360	</dl>
				6361
				6362	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
				6363	than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
				6364	used.</p>
				6365
				6366	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
				6367	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
				6368
				6369	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
				6370	transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
				6371	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
				6372
				6373	<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6374	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6375	adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
				6376
				6377	<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6378	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6379	no PNG filtering.</p>
				6380
				6381	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
				6382	and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6383
				6384	<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
				6385	can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
				6386	you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
				6387	PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
				6388	See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
				6389	over values from the -quality option.</p>
				6390
				6391	<p>For further information, see
				6392	the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				6393
				6394	<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6395
				6396	<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
				6397
				6398	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6399	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
				6400	</div>
				6401
				6402	<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
				6403
				6404	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6405	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				6406	href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6407	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				6408	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
				6409
				6410
				6411	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6412	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
				6413	</div>
				6414
				6415	<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
				6416
				6417	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6418	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
				6419	</div>
				6420
				6421	<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
				6422
				6423	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				6424	such actually mis-named. </p>
				6425
				6426	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				6427	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				6428	</p>
				6429
				6430
				6431	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6432	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
				6433	</div>
				6434
				6435	<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
				6436
				6437	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
				6438	a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
				6439
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6440	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
				6441	href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6442
				6443	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6444	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
				6445	</div>
				6446
				6447	<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
				6448
				6449	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6450	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				6451	</div>
				6452
				6453	<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
				6454
				6455	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6456	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
				6457	</div>
				6458
				6459	<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
				6460
				6461	<p>This option causes some warnings in some image formats to be treated
				6462	as errors. </p>
				6463
				6464	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6465	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
				6466	</div>
				6467
				6468	<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
				6469
				6470	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				6471	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				6472	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				6473
				6474	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				6475	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				6476	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				6477	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				6478	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				6479
				6480	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				6481	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				6482	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				6483	reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				6484	limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				6485	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				6486
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6487	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				6488	href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6489	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6490	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				6491	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6492	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				6493
				6494	<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
				6495
				6496	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6497	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6498	</div>
				6499
				6500	<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
				6501
				6502	<p>The <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are treated
				6503	in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				6504
				6505	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6506
				6507	<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
				6508
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6509	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6510	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
				6511	</div>
				6512
				6513	<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
				6514
				6515	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				6516
				6517	<p>If you have more than one <a href="display.html">display</a> application
				6518	running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
				6519	specify which application to control.</p>
				6520
				6521	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6522	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
				6523	</div>
				6524
				6525	<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
				6526
				6527	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations.
				6528	This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				6529
				6530	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6531	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6532	</div>
				6533
				6534	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
				6535
				6536	<p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				6537	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				6538	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				6539
				6540	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6541
				6542	<p>If a <code>!</code> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				6543	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				6544	animation sequences. </p>
				6545
				6546	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<code>0x0</code>' forces it to
				6547	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				6548	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				6549
				6550	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				6551	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				6552
				6553	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
				6554	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				6555
				6556
				6557	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6558	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
				6559	</div>
				6560
				6561	<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
				6562
				6563	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original
				6564	at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at
				6565	3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to
				6566	72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
				6567	only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
				6568	storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6569	resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
				6570	href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6571	resample resolution.</p>
				6572
				6573	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
				6574	embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will
				6575	continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image
				6576	resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				6577
				6578	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6579	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6580	</div>
				6581
				6582	<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
				6583
				6584	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6585	ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				6586
				6587	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6588	or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
				6589	href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6590	filter.</p>
				6591
				6592	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
				6593	coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
				6594	correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				6595
				6596	<pre>
				6597	convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
				6598	-quality 92 passport.jpg
				6599	</pre>
				6600
				6601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
				6603	</div>
				6604
				6605	<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
				6606
				6607	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6608	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
				6609	</div>
				6610
				6611	<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
				6612
				6613
				6614	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6615	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				6616	</div>
				6617
				6618	<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
				6619
				6620	<p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
				6621	A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
				6622
				6623
				6624	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6625	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
				6626	</div>
				6627
				6628	<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
				6629
				6630	<p>Use <code>></code> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
				6631	height. <code><</code> rotates the image <var>only</var> if its width is less
				6632	than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
				6633	the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is
				6634	640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
				6635	<code><</code>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being
				6636	misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				6637
				6638	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				6639	filled with the <code>background</code> color. </p>
				6640
				6641	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				6642	'<code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>' distort method. </p>
				6643
				6644
				6645	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6646	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6647	</div>
				6648
				6649	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6650
				6651	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				6652	from the image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When
				6653	minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
				6654	over). </p>
				6655
				6656	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6657	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
				6658	neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				6659	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				6660	the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6661
				6662	<p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				6663	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				6664
				6665	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6666	ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
				6667
				6668
				6669	<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
				6670	As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6671	top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
				6672	href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6673	this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
				6674	a percentage offset.</p>
				6675
				6676	<p>By default this value is '<code>50</code>' for the midpoint, but could be set
				6677	to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
				6678	separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
				6679	sampling sub-region.</p>
				6680
				6681
				6682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
				6684	</div>
				6685
				6686	<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
				6687
				6688	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
				6689	for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
				6690	its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6691	writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
				6692	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
				6693	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6694	downsampling method.</p>
				6695
				6696	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6697	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6698	</div>
				6699
				6700	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6701
				6702	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				6703	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifying. </p>
				6704
				6705	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6706	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is a lot
				6707	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				6708	completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6709
				6710	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				6711	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels averaged together to
				6712	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				6713	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				6714	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				6715	light conditions. </p>
				6716
				6717
				6718	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6719	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
				6720	</div>
				6721
				6722	<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
				6723
				6724	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				6725
				6726	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6727	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
				6728	</div>
				6729
				6730	<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
				6731
				6732	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
				6733	should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
				6734	window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the
				6735	specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups
				6736	that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				6737
				6738	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6739	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
				6740	</div>
				6741
				6742	<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
				6743
				6744	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6745	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
				6746	</div>
				6747
				6748	<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
				6749
				6750	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
				6751	identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
				6752	is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				6753
				6754	<p>Specify <var>cluster threshold</var> as the number of pixels in
				6755	each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
				6756	<var>Smoothing threshold</var> eliminates noise in the second
				6757	derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect
				6758	a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				6759
				6760	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				6761	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				6762
				6763
				6764	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6765	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6766	</div>
				6767
				6768	<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
				6769
				6770	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in
				6771	contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
				6772
				6773	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6774	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
				6775	</div>
				6776
				6777	<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
				6778
				6779	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6780	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6781	</div>
				6782
				6783	<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
				6784
				6785	<p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				6786
				6787	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect
				6788	achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia
				6789	toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable
				6790	tone.</p>
				6791
				6792
				6793
				6794	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6795	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
				6796	<h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
				6797	</div>
				6798
				6799	<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
				6800
				6801	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				6802	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of the
				6803	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				6804	appropriate. </p>
				6805
				6806	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6807	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				6808	href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				6809	href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6810	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
				6811	the same name. </p>
				6812
				6813	<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
				6814	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6815	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
				6816	>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6817	</p>
				6818
				6819	<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6820	using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
				6821	>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				6822	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6823	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
				6824
				6825	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6826	-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6827	identify -format %c rose.png
				6828	Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
				6829	</pre>
				6830
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6831	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6832	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				6833
				6834	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6835	-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6836	-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
				6837	Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
				6838	</pre>
				6839
				6840	<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
				6841	'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
				6842	'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
				6843
				6844	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				6845	the '<code>page</code>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				6846	see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				6847	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page</a>
				6848	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<code>page</code>'
				6849	attribute. </p>
				6850
				6851	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				6852	For example,</p>
				6853
				6854	<pre>
				6855	convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
				6856	</pre>
				6857
				6858	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				6859	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
				6860	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				6861
				6862	<pre>
				6863	convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
				6864	</pre>
				6865
				6866	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6867	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
				6868	href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6869	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
				6870	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				6871	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				6872
				6873	<pre>
				6874	convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
				6875	label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
				6876	</pre>
				6877
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6878	<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6879	a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
				6880	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
				6881
				6882	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				6883	with <code>registry:</code>.</p>
				6884
				6885	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				6886	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				6887	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
				6888	programming interface:</p>
				6889
				6890	<pre>
				6891	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
				6892	</pre>
				6893
				6894	<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
				6895	<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
				6896	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				6897	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
				6898	be included in the file.</p>
				6899
				6900	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
				6901	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				6902	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
				6903	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
				6904
				6905
				6906	<pre>
				6907	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
				6908	-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
				6909	</pre>
				6910
				6911	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6912	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
				6913	</div>
				6914
				6915	<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
				6916
				6917	<p>Specify <var>azimuth</var> and <var>elevation</var> as
				6918	the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
				6919	the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				6920
				6921	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6922	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				6923	</div>
				6924
				6925	<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
				6926
				6927	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6928	<h3 class="magick-header"><a
				6929	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6930	</div>
				6931
				6932	<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
				6933
				6934	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
				6935	memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support,
				6936	and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
				6937	Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
				6938
				6939	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6940	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6941	</div>
				6942
				6943	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
				6944
				6945	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				6946
				6947	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6948	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6949	</div>
				6950
				6951	<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
				6952
				6953	<p>The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var>
				6954	argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of
				6955	the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom.
				6956	Offsets are ignored.</p>
				6957
				6958	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6959
				6960	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6961	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
				6962	</div>
				6963
				6964	<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
				6965
				6966	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <var>Ydegrees</var> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are
				6967	given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical
				6968	component.</p>
				6969
				6970	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
				6971	horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount
				6972	of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears,
				6973	<var>Xdegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the
				6974	negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to the left when 90°<<var>Xdegrees</var><180°. For vertical shears <var>Ydegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the
				6975	positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°<<var>Ydegrees</var><180°.</p>
				6976
				6977	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color
				6978	defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified
				6979	using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				6980
				6981	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is
				6982	important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not
				6983	<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
				6984	example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				6985
				6986	<pre>
				6987	convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
				6988	convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
				6989	</pre>
				6990
				6991	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
				6992	for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
				6993	a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				6994
				6995	<pre>
				6996	convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
				6997	</pre>
				6998
				6999	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7000	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
				7001	</div>
				7002
				7003	<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
				7004
				7005	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function
				7006	without saturating highlights or shadows. <var>Contrast</var>
				7007	indicates how much to increase the contrast. For example, 0 is none, 3 is
				7008	typical and 20 is a lot.
				7009	</p>
				7010
				7011	<p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
				7012	'slope' in contrast should fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is
				7013	middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
				7014
				7015	<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				7016
				7017	<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
				7018	a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
				7019	{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
				7020	Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
				7021
				7022	<p>Using a very high <var>contrast</var> will produce a sort of
				7023	'smoothed thresholding' of the image. Not as sharp (with high aliasing
				7024	effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
				7025	<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
				7026
				7027	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7028	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7029
				7030
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7031	</div>
				7032
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7033	<p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
				7034	by the <a href="import.html">import</a> tool.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7035
				7036	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7037	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				7038	</div>
				7039
				7040	<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
				7041
				7042	<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
				7043
				7044	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7045	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
				7046	</div>
				7047
				7048	<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
				7049
				7050	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
				7051	dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7052	<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
				7053	href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7054	image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
				7055	640x512+256).</p>
				7056
				7057	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				7058
				7059	<pre>
				7060	192x128
				7061	384x256
				7062	768x512
				7063	1536x1024
				7064	3072x2048
				7065	</pre>
				7066
				7067	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7068	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7069	</div>
				7070
				7071	<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
				7072
				7073	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				7074	angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the
				7075	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				7076
				7077	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7078	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
				7079	</div>
				7080
				7081	<p class="magick-description">smush an image sequence together.</p>
				7082
				7083	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7084	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
				7085	</div>
				7086
				7087	<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
				7088
				7089	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				7090
				7091	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7092	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7093	</div>
				7094
				7095	<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
				7096
				7097	<p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				7098
				7099	<p>This option produces a <var>solarization</var> effect seen when
				7100	exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				7101
				7102	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7103	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
				7104	</div>
				7105
				7106	<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
				7107
				7108
				7109	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7110	<dt>barycentric</dt>
				7111	<dd>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				7112	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				7113	The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
				7114	3 points. </dd>
				7115	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				7116	<dd>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				7117	fall back to barycentric. </dd>
				7118	<dt>voronoi</dt>
				7119	<dd>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				7120	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
				7121	<dt>manhatten</dt>
				7122	<dd>Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
				7123	<dt>shepards</dt>
				7124	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
				7125	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				7126	colors. </dd>
				7127	<dt>inverse</dt>
				7128	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
				7129	This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
				7130	'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
				7131	average of colors. </dd>
				7132	</dl>
				7133
				7134	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7135	canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7136	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				7137	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				7138	</p>
				7139
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7140	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7141	modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
				7142	effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
				7143	the operation. </p>
				7144
				7145	<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
				7146	gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
				7147	values. </p>
				7148
				7149	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				7150	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				7151	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor an image to some
				7152	default value. </p>
				7153
				7154
				7155	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7156	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7157	</div>
				7158
				7159	<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
				7160
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7161	<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
				7162	href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7163	given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
				7164	image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
				7165	</p>
				7166
				7167	<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7168	dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
				7169	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
				7170	the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
				7171	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7172
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7173	<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
				7174	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7175	added added all splices removed. </p>
				7176
				7177	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7178	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
				7179	</div>
				7180
				7181	<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
				7182
				7183	<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
				7184	neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
				7185	blend.</p>
				7186
				7187	<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
				7188
				7189	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7190	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7191	</div>
				7192
				7193	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
				7194
				7195	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				7196	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7197	<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
				7198	<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7199	<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7200	<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7201	<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7202	<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7203	<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7204	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7205	<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7206	</dl>
				7207
				7208	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7209	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
				7210	</div>
				7211
				7212	<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
				7213
				7214	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
				7215	beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need
				7216	this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
				7217	320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				7218
				7219	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7220	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
				7221	</div>
				7222
				7223	<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
				7224
				7225	<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				7226
				7227	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7228	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7229	</div>
				7230
				7231	<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
				7232
				7233	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7234	<dt>char</dt><dd>unsigned characters</dd>
				7235	<dt>double</dt><dd>doubles</dd>
				7236	<dt>float</dt><dd>floats</dd>
				7237	<dt>integer</dt><dd>integers</dd>
				7238	<dt>long</dt><dd>longs</dd>
				7239	<dt>quantum</dt><dd>pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
				7240	<dt>short</dt><dd>unsigned shorts</dd>
				7241	</dl>
				7242
				7243	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				7244	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				7245
				7246	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7247	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
				7248	</div>
				7249
				7250	<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
				7251
				7252	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
				7253	apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
				7254
				7255	<pre>
				7256	Any
				7257	Condensed
				7258	Expanded
				7259	ExtraCondensed
				7260	ExtraExpanded
				7261	Normal
				7262	SemiCondensed
				7263	SemiExpanded
				7264	UltraCondensed
				7265	UltraExpanded
				7266	</pre>
				7267
				7268	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				7269	stretch</a>.</p>
				7270
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7271	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7272	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7273	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7274
				7275	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7276	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
				7277	</div>
				7278
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7279	<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles, comments or these PNG chunks: bKGD,cHRM,EXIF,gAMA,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7280
				7281	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7282	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
				7283	</div>
				7284
				7285	<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
				7286
				7287	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7288
				7289	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7290
				7291	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7292	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
				7293	</div>
				7294
				7295	<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
				7296
				7297	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7298
				7299	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7300	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
				7301	</div>
				7302
				7303	<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
				7304
				7305	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7306	the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
				7307	the following.</p>
				7308
				7309	<pre>
				7310	Any
				7311	Italic
				7312	Normal
				7313	Oblique
				7314	</pre>
				7315
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7316	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7317	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7318	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7319
				7320	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7321	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
				7322	</div>
				7323
				7324	<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
				7325
				7326	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				7327	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
				7328	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
				7329	be the "match score" image.</p>
				7330
				7331	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
				7332	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				7333	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				7334	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				7335	reported. Note that this may or may not be a perfect match, and the actual
				7336	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
				7337	possible matching locations. </p>
				7338
				7339	<p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
				7340	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
				7341	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
				7342
				7343
				7344	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7345	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
				7346	</div>
				7347
				7348	<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
				7349
				7350	<p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				7351	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				7352	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
				7353
				7354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
				7356	</div>
				7357
				7358	<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
				7359
				7360	<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				7361
				7362	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7363	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
				7364	</div>
				7365
				7366	<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
				7367
				7368	<p>Set to "true" to ensure all image data is fully flushed and synchronized
				7369	to disk. There is a performance penalty, but the benefits include ensuring a
				7370	valid image file in the event of a system crash and early reporting if there
				7371	is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
				7372
				7373	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7374	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
				7375	</div>
				7376
				7377	<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
				7378
				7379	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7380	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
				7381	</div>
				7382
				7383	<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
				7384
				7385	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
				7386	formatted text. The default is 14 point <var>Courier</var>.</p>
				7387
				7388	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
				7389	OPTION1 font. For example, <code>Courier.ttf</code> is a TrueType font and
				7390	<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
				7391
				7392	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7393	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
				7394	</div>
				7395
				7396	<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
				7397
				7398	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7399	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7400	</div>
				7401
				7402	<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
				7403	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as
				7404	the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is
				7405	a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
				7406	and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				7407	-->
				7408
				7409	<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
				7410
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7411	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7412	maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				7413
				7414	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7415	value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer,
				7416	the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels
				7417	are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the
				7418	<code>quantum depth</code> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is
				7419	therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable
				7420	recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as
				7421	a percentage. </p>
				7422
				7423	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100%
				7424	red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red
				7425	channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
				7426	</p>
				7427
				7428	<pre>
				7429	convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
				7430	</pre>
				7431
				7432	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
				7433	generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
				7434	input image.</p>
				7435
				7436
				7437	<pre>
				7438	convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
				7439	convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
				7440	</pre>
				7441
				7442	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				7443	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				7444
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7445	<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7446	</p>
				7447
				7448	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7449	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7450	</div>
				7451
				7452	<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
				7453
				7454	<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
				7455	for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7456	reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
				7457	href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7458
				7459	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7460
				7461	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7462	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
				7463	</div>
				7464
				7465	<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
				7466
				7467	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7468	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7469	</div>
				7470
				7471	<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
				7472
				7473	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7474
				7475	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7476	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
				7477	</div>
				7478
				7479	<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
				7480
				7481	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7482	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				7483	</div>
				7484
				7485	<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
				7486
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7487	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
				7488	>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7489	creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
				7490	formats. </p>
				7491
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7492	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7493	by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				7494
				7495	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7496	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
				7497	</div>
				7498
				7499	<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7500
				7501	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7502
				7503	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black,
				7504	white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
				7505	as the various shades of grey.</p>
				7506
				7507	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7508	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
				7509	</div>
				7510
				7511	<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
				7512
				7513	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to
				7514	the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar.
				7515	Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data,
				7516	or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described
				7517	under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				7518
				7519	<p>For example,</p>
				7520
				7521	<pre>
				7522	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				7523	</pre>
				7524
				7525	<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
				7526	titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				7527
				7528
				7529	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7530	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
				7531	</div>
				7532
				7533	<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
				7534
				7535	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				7536
				7537	<pre>
				7538	convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
				7539	</pre>
				7540
				7541
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7542	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				7543	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7544
				7545
				7546	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7547	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
				7548	</div>
				7549
				7550	<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
				7551
				7552	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7553	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				7554	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7555	given. </p>
				7556
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7557	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7558	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				7559
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7560	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
				7561	href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7562	current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7563	However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				7564	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
				7565	>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				7566	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7567
				7568	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7569	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				7570	href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7571
				7572
				7573	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7574	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
				7575	</div>
				7576
				7577	<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
				7578
				7579	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				7580	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				7581	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7582	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				7583	href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7584
				7585	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				7586	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				7587	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				7588	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				7589	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				7590	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				7591	type. </p>
				7592
				7593	<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				7594
				7595	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7596	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
				7597	</div>
				7598
				7599	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
				7600
				7601	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
				7602	</p>
				7603
				7604	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7605	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
				7606	</div>
				7607
				7608	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
				7609
				7610
				7611	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7612	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
				7613	</div>
				7614
				7615	<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7616
				7617	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes
				7618	the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7619
				7620	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
				7621	image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
				7622	However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
				7623	best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7624	the <a href="quantize.html"
				7625	>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7626
				7627	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
				7628	option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
				7629	required for this option to take effect.</p>
				7630
				7631	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7632	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
				7633	</div>
				7634
				7635	<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
				7636
				7637	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner
				7638	pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> remove
				7639	edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				7640
				7641	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				7642	you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				7643	image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				7644	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				7645
				7646	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				7647	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				7648	<a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				7649
				7650
				7651	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7652	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7653	</div>
				7654
				7655	<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
				7656	<code>Grayscale</code>, <code>GrayscaleMatte</code>, <code>Palette</code>,
				7657	<code>PaletteMatte</code>, <code>TrueColor</code>, <code>TrueColorMatte</code>,
				7658	<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
				7659
				7660	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7661	truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
				7662	href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7663	example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
				7664	only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				7665
				7666	<pre>
				7667	convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
				7668	</pre>
				7669
				7670	<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
				7671	encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
				7672	output format supports transparency.</p>
				7673
				7674	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				7675
				7676	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7677	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				7678	</div>
				7679
				7680	<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
				7681
				7682	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7683
				7684	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7685
				7686
				7687	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7688	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
				7689	</div>
				7690
				7691	<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
				7692
				7693	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
				7694	displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
				7695	the input file has been changed and update the displayed image
				7696	accordingly.</p>
				7697
				7698
				7699	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7700	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
				7701	</div>
				7702
				7703	<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
				7704
				7705
				7706	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7707	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
				7708	</div>
				7709
				7710	<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
				7711
				7712	<p>Choose from: <code>Undefined</code>, <code>PixelsPerInch</code>, or
				7713	<code>PixelsPerCentimeter</code>. This option is normally used in conjunction
				7714	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				7715
				7716
				7717	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7718	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7719	</div>
				7720
				7721	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
				7722
				7723	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is
				7724	convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				7725	(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
				7726	a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				7727
				7728	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				7729
				7730	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7731	<dt>radius</dt>
				7732	<dd>The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
				7733	<dt>sigma</dt>
				7734	<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
				7735	<dt>gain</dt>
				7736	<dd>The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
				7737	<dt>threshold</dt>
				7738	<dd>The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
				7739	</dl>
				7740
				7741	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7742	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
				7743	</div>
				7744
				7745	<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
				7746
				7747
				7748	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7749	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
				7750	</div>
				7751
				7752	<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
				7753
				7754
				7755	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7756	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
				7757	</div>
				7758
				7759	<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
				7760
				7761
				7762	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7763	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7764	</div>
				7765
				7766	<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
				7767
				7768	<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
				7769
				7770	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7771	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
				7772	</div>
				7773
				7774	<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
				7775
				7776	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				7777	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				7778	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				7779	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				7780
				7781	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				7782
				7783	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7784	<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
				7785	<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
				7786	<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
				7787	<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
				7788	<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
				7789	<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
				7790	<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
				7791	<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7792	<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
				7793	<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
				7794	<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
				7795	<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
				7796	<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
				7797	<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7798	<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
				7799	</dl>
				7800
				7801	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				7802
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7803	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				7804	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7805	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7806	image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				7807	href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7808
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7809	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
				7810	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7811
				7812
				7813	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7814	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
				7815	</div>
				7816
				7817	<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7818
				7819	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				7820
				7821	<pre>
				7822	StaticGray TrueColor
				7823	GrayScale DirectColor
				7824	StaticColor default
				7825	PseudoColor visual id
				7826	</pre>
				7827
				7828	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
				7829	If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
				7830	simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				7831
				7832
				7833	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7834	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
				7835	</div>
				7836
				7837	<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
				7838
				7839	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				7840	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the
				7841	<var>brightness</var> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				7842	attribute is just direct modified by the <var>saturation</var>
				7843	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				7844
				7845
				7846	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7847	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7848	</div>
				7849
				7850	<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
				7851
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7852	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7853	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var>x<var>softness</var></h3>
				7854	</div>
				7855
				7856	<p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshold is the value below which everything is considered noise and ranges from 0.0 (none) to QuantumRange or use percent (e.g. 5%). Softness attenuates the threshold and typically ranges from 0.0 (none) to 1.0. The higher the value the more noise that remains in the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7857
				7858	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7859	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
				7860	</div>
				7861
				7862	<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
				7863
				7864	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7865	the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
				7866	<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
				7867
				7868	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7869	<dt>Thin </dt>
				7870	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
				7871	<dt>ExtraLight </dt>
				7872	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
				7873	<dt>Light </dt>
				7874	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
				7875	<dt>Normal </dt>
				7876	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
				7877	<dt>Medium </dt>
				7878	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
				7879	<dt>DemiBold </dt>
				7880	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
				7881	<dt>Bold </dt>
				7882	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
				7883	<dt>ExtraBold </dt>
				7884	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
				7885	<dt>Heavy </dt>
				7886	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
				7887	</dl>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7888	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7889
				7890	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				7891
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7892	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7893	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7894	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7895
				7896	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7897	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
				7898	</div>
				7899
				7900	<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
				7901
				7902	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7903	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7904	</div>
				7905
				7906	<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
				7907
				7908	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7909	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7910	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7911
				7912	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7913	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
				7914	</div>
				7915
				7916	<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7917
				7918	<p><var>id</var> can be a window id or name. Specify <code>root</code>
				7919	to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				7920
				7921	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If
				7922	<code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
				7923	image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <code>X RESOURCES</code>
				7924	for details.</p>
				7925
				7926	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7927	colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
				7928	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7929
				7930	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7931	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
				7932	</div>
				7933
				7934	<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
				7935
				7936	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7937	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
				7938	</div>
				7939
				7940	<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
				7941
				7942	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
				7943
				7944	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
				7945	</div>
				7946	</div>
				7947
				7948
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7949
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7950	<footer class="magick-footer">
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7951	<p><a href="support.html">Donate</a> •
				7952	<a href="sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> •
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7953	<a href="links.html">Related</a> •
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7954	<a href="architecture.html">Architecture</a>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7955	</p>
				7956	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#">Back to top</a> •
cristy	ea2793e	2015-05-31 16:52:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7957	<a href="http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> •
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	7958	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a></p>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7959	<p><small>© 1999-2016 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7960	</footer>
				7961	</div><!-- /.container -->
				7962
Cristy	542697a	2015-10-12 20:10:32 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7963	<script src="https://localhost/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	7964	<script src="../js/magick.html"></script>
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