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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	12	<head>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	15	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	16	<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-US"/>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	19	<meta name="Application-name" content="ImageMagick"/>
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	20	<meta name="Description" content="Use ImageMagick to convert, edit, or compose bitmap images in a variety of formats. In addition resize, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	21	<meta name="Application-url" content="http://www.imagemagick.org"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	22	<meta name="Generator" content="PHP"/>
				23	<meta name="Keywords" content="command-line, options, ImageMagick, ImageMagic, MagickCore, MagickWand, PerlMagick, Magick++, RMagick, PythonMagick, JMagick, TclMagick, Image, Magick, Magic, Wand, ImageMagickObject, Swiss, Army, Knife, Image, Processing"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	24	<meta name="Rating" content="GENERAL"/>
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cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	30	<meta name="Copyright" content="Copyright (c) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	31	<meta name="Distribution" content="Global"/>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	32	<link rel="icon" href="../images/wand.png"/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	33	<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../images/wand.ico" type="images/x-icon"/>
				34	<link rel="meta" type="application/rdf+xml" title="ICI" href="http://imagemagick.org/ici.rdf"/>
cristy	7a40ba8	2011-01-08 20:31:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	35	<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.google.com/cse/style/look/default.css" type="text/css" />
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	36	<style type="text/css" media="all">
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	39	<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
cristy	361f466	2010-12-31 23:02:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	40	<script type="text/javascript" src="../fancybox/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.pack.js"></script>
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	52	</head>
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				56	<a href="../index.html">
				57	<img src="../images/script.png" alt="[ImageMagick]"
				58	style="width: 350px; height: 60px; margin: 28px auto; float: left;" /></a>
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cristy	5292344	2011-01-15 22:54:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	61	style="margin-top: 42px; border: 0px; float: left;" /></a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	62	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	63	<img src="../images/logo.jpg"
				64	alt="ImageMagick Logo"
cristy	178edaf	2011-01-23 03:42:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	65	style="width: 123px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	66	<a href="../index.html">
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	67	<img src="../images/sprite.jpg"
				68	alt="ImageMagick Sprite"
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	69	style="width: 114px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	75	<a title="About ImageMagick" href="../index.html">About ImageMagick</a>
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				196
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	197	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	198	<p class="navigation-index">
cristy	2d67ddd	2011-02-13 15:38:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	199	[ <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">‑adaptive‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">‑adaptive‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">‑adjoin</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">‑affine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">‑alpha</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">‑annotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">‑antialias</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">‑append</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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<span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	200
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	201	<div class="doc-section">
				202
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	203	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				204	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				205	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				206	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	207	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	208
				209	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	210	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	211	</div>
				212
				213	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	214	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				215
				216	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	217	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	218	</div>
				219
				220	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				221
				222	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				223
				224	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	225	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	226	</div>
				227
				228	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				229
				230	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				231
				232	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	233	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	234	</div>
				235
				236	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				237
				238	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all
				239	images of an image sequence into the given output file.
				240	However, some formats, such as JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one
				241	image per file, and in that case ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As
				242	such, if more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is
				243	modified by adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the
				244	suffix, in order to make distinct names for each image. </p>
				245
				246	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written
				247	to separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images
				248	per file (for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				249
				250	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an example, the command</p>
				251
				252	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
				253	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images named my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg, my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg.
				254	</p>
				255
				256	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will use
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	257	multiple files if either<br />
				258	(1) the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,<br />
				259	(2) the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or<br />
				260	(3) a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output filename. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	261
				262
				263	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	264	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	265	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
				266	</div>
				267
				268	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				269
				270	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, encoded as (<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>), for use by subsequent <a href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options.</p>
				271
				272	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values <i>with no spaces</i>. </p>
				273
				274	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				275
				276	<div class="eqn">
				277	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				278	</div>
				279
				280	<p>
				281	The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the image area are cut off.</p>
				282
				283	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				284
				285	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore, four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				286
				287	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				288
				289	<p class="crtsnip">
				290	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				291	</p>
				292
				293	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				294
				295	<p class="crtsnip">
				296	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				297	</p>
				298
				299	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				300	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				301
				302	<p class="crtsnip">
				303	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				304	</p>
				305
				306	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				307
				308	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				309
				310	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	311	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	312	</div>
				313
				314	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				315
				316	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				317	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				318
				319
				320	<table class="doc">
				321	<tbody>
				322	<tr valign="top">
				323	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				324	<th align="left">Description</th>
				325	</tr>
				326
				327	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	328	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	329	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	330	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				331	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				332	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				333	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	334
				335	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	336	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	337	<td valign="top">
				338	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	339	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	340
				341	<tr valign="top">
				342	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				343	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	344	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				345	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				346	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	347
				348	<tr valign="top">
				349	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				350	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	351	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				352	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	353
				354	<tr valign="top">
				355	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				356	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	357	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	358	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				359	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				360	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	361
				362	<tr valign="top">
				363	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				364	<td valign="top">
				365	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	366	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				367	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				368	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				369	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	370
				371	<tr valign="top">
				372	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				373	<td valign="top">
				374	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	375	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				376	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				377	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	378
				379	<tr valign="top">
				380	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				381	<td valign="top">
				382	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	383	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				384	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	385	</td></tr>
				386
				387	<tr valign="top">
				388	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				389	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	390	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				391	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				392	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				393	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	394	</td></tr>
				395	</tbody>
				396	</table>
				397
				398	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	399	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	400	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	401	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	402
				403
				404	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	405	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	406	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				407	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				408	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				409	</div>
				410
				411	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				412
				413	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				414
				415
				416	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				417
				418	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				419
				420	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				421	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				422
				423	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				424
				425	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				426
				427	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	428	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	429	</div>
				430
				431	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				432	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				433
				434	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				435	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				436	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				437	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	438	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	439
				440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	441	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	442	</div>
				443
				444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				445
				446	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				447	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				448	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				449
				450	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				451	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	452	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	453	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				454
				455
				456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	457	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	458	</div>
				459
				460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				461
				462
				463	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	464	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	</div>
				466
				467	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				468
				469	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				470
				471	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				472
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	473
				474
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	475	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	476	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	477	</div>
				478
				479	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				480
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	481	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				482	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				483	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				484
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	485	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	486
				487	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				488	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	</p>
				491
				492	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	493	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	494	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	495	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	496	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				497
				498
				499
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	500	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	501	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	502	</div>
				503
				504	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				505
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	506	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	507	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	508	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				509	values. </p>
				510
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	511	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	512	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				513	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				514	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				515	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				516	defined images. </p>
				517
				518	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				519	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				520	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				521	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	522	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523
				524	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	525	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	526	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	527	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				528	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	529	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				530	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	531
				532
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	533	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	534	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	535	</div>
				536
				537	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				538
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	539	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				540	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				541	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				542
				543	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				544	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				545	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				546	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				547	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				548	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				549
				550
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	551	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	552	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	553	</div>
				554
				555	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				556
				557	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				558
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	559
				560	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	561	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	562	</div>
				563
				564	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				565
				566	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				567
				568	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	569	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570	</div>
				571
				572	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				573
				574	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				575
				576	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	577	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	578	</div>
				579
				580	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				581
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	582	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	583
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	584	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				585	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	586
				587	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	588	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	589	</div>
				590
				591	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				592
				593	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				594
				595	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				596
				597	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				598	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				599	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				600
				601	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	602	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	603	</p>
				604
				605	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607	</div>
				608
				609	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				610
				611	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	612	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	613	</div>
				614
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	615	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				616
				617	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				618	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	619
				620
				621	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	622	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	623	</div>
				624
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	625	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	626
				627	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				628	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				629	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				630	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	631	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				632	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	633
				634
				635	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	636	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	637	</div>
				638
				639	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				640
				641	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	642	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	643	</div>
				644
				645	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				646
				647	<div style="margin: auto;">
				648
				649	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	650	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	651	</div>
				652
				653	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				654
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	655	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				656	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	657
				658	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				659	</div>
				660
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	661	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	662	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	663
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	664	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	665	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	666	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	667	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				668	</p>
				669
				670	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				671	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				672	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				673	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				674	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				675
				676	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				677	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				678	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				679	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	680
				681	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				682	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				683	</p>
				684
				685
				686	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	687	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	688	</div>
				689
				690	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				691
				692	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				693	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				694	mapping. </p>
				695
				696	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				697	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				698	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				699	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				700	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				701
				702	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				703	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				704	</p>
				705
				706
				707	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	708	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	709	</div>
				710
				711	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				712
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	713	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				714	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				715	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	716
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	717	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				718	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	719
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	720	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				721	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				722	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				723	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				724	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				725	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	726	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	727	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				728	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	729
				730	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	731	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	732	</div>
				733
				734	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				735
				736	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				737
				738	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				739
				740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	741	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	742	</div>
				743
				744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				745
				746	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	747	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	748	</div>
				749
				750	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				751
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	752	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				753	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				754	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				755	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				756	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				757	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	758
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	759	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				760	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				761	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	762
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	763	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				764	linear transform and applied
				765	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	766
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	767	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				768	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				769	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				770	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				771	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	772
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	773	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				774	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	775
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	776	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				777	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				778	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				779	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	780
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	781	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				782	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	783
				784	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	785	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	786	</div>
				787
				788	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				789
				790	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	791	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	792	</div>
				793
				794	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				795
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	796	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				797	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				798	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				799
				800	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				801	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	802	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	803	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				804
				805	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				806	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				807	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				808	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				809
				810	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				811	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				812	instead.</p>
				813
				814	<p>For example,</p>
				815
				816	<p class="crtsnip">
				817	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				818	</p>
				819
				820	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				821	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				822	480.</p>
				823
				824
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	825	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	826	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	827	</div>
				828
				829	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				830
				831	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				832
				833	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	834	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				835	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				836	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				837	<SOPNode>
				838	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				839	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				840	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				841	</SOPNode>
				842	<SATNode>
				843	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				844	</SATNode>
				845	</ColorCorrection>
				846	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	847	</pre>
				848
				849	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	850	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	851	</div>
				852
				853	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				854
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	855	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				856	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				857	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				858	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	859
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	860	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	861	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				862	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				863	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	864
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	865	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				866	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	867	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	868	-channel Red,Blue
				869	</p>
				870	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				871	<p class="crtsnip">
				872	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	873	</p>
				874
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	875	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	876	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				877	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				878	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				879
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	880	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	881
				882	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				883	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	884	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				885	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				886	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				887	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	888	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	889
				890	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	891	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	892	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	893	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	894	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	895
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	896	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				898	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				899	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				900	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				901	contribute to the final result. </p>
				902
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	903	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	904	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				905	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				906	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				907	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				908	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	909
				910	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				911	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	912
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	913	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	914
				915	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	916	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				917	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				918	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				919	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				920	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	921
				922	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				923	include the following.
				924
				925	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				926	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	927	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				928	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	929	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	930	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				931	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	932	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				933	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	934	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				935	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				936	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				937	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	938	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	939	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	940	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	941	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	942	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				943	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				944	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				945	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				946	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	947	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	948	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	949	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				950	</p>
				951
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	952	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	953	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	954	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	955	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				956	flag. </p>
				957
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				959	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				960	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	961
				962	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				963	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				964	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				965	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				966	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				967	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	968	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	969	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	970	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	971
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	972	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	973	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	974	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				975	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				976	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	977
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	978
				979	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	980	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	981	</div>
				982
				983	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				984
				985	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	986	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	987	</div>
				988
				989	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				990
				991	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	992	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	993	</div>
				994
				995	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				996
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	997	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				998	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				999	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				1000	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				1001	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				1002	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1003
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1004	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				1005	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1006
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1007	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				1008	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				1009	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				1010	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				1011	</p>
				1012
				1013	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				1014	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				1015	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				1016
				1017
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1018	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1019	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1020	</div>
				1021
				1022	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1023
				1024	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1025
				1026	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1027
				1028	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1029	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1030
				1031	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1032
				1033	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1034	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1035	</div>
				1036
				1037	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1038
				1039	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1040	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1041	</div>
				1042
				1043	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1044
				1045	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1046	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1047	</div>
				1048
				1049	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1050
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1051	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1052	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1053	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1054	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1055
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1056	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1057	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1058	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1059	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1060	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1061	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
				1062	effectivally clone all the images. </p>
				1063
				1064	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1065	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1066	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1067
				1068	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1069	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1070	</div>
				1071
				1072	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1073	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1074	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1075
				1076	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1077	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1078	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1079	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1080	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1081
				1082	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1083	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1084	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1085	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1086	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1087	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1088	lookup of color values. </p>
				1089
				1090	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1091	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1092
				1093	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1094	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1095	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1096	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1097	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1098	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1099	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1100	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1101
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1102	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1103	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1104	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1105	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1106	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1107	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1108	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1109	</p>
				1110
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1111	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1112	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1113	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1114
				1115
				1116	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1117	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1118	</div>
				1119
				1120	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1121
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1123	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1124	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1125	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1126	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1127	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1128	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1129
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1130	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1131	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1132	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1133	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1134
				1135
				1136	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1137	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1138	</div>
				1139
				1140	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1141
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1142	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1143	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1144	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1145	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1146
				1147	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1148	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1149	</div>
				1150
				1151	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1152
				1153	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1154
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1155	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1156	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1157	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1158	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1159	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1160	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1161	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1162	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1163	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164
				1165	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1166	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1167	</div>
				1168
				1169	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1170
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1172	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1173	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1174	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1175	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1176	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1177	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1178	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1179	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1180
				1181	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1182	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1183	</div>
				1184
				1185	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1186
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1187	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1188	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1189	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1190	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1191	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1192	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1193
				1194	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1195
				1196	<pre class="text">
				1197	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1198	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1199	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1200	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1201	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1202	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1203	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1204	</pre>
				1205	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1206	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1207	</div>
				1208
				1209	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1210
				1211	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1212
				1213	<pre class="text">
				1214	CMY
				1215	CMYK
				1216	Gray
				1217	HSB
				1218	HSL
				1219	HWB
				1220	Lab
				1221	Log
				1222	OHTA
				1223	Rec601Luma
				1224	Rec601YCbCr
				1225	Rec709Luma
				1226	Rec709YCbCr
				1227	RGB
				1228	sRGB
				1229	Transparent
				1230	XYZ
				1231	YCbCr
				1232	YCC
				1233	YIQ
				1234	YPbPr
				1235	YUV
				1236	</pre>
				1237
				1238	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1239
				1240	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1241
				1242	<table class="doc">
				1243	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1244	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1245	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1246	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1249	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1250	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1251	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1253
				1254	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1255	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1256
				1257	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1258	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1259	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1260	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1261
				1262	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1263	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1264	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1265	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1266
				1267	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1268	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1269	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1270	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1271
				1272	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1273	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1274	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1275	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1276
				1277	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1278	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1279	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1280	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1281
				1282	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1283	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1284	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1285	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1286
				1287	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1288	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1289
				1290	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1291	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1292	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1294
				1295	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1296	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1297
				1298	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1299	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1300	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1301	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1302
				1303	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1304	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1305	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1306	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1307
				1308	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1309	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1310	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1311	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1312
				1313	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1314	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1315	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1316	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1317
				1318	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1319	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1320	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1321	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1322
				1323	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1324	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1325	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1326	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1327
				1328	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1329	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1330	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1331	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1332
				1333	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1334	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1335	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1336	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1337	</table>
				1338
				1339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1340	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1341	</div>
				1342
				1343	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1344
				1345	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1346
				1347	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1348	</p>
				1349
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1350	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1351	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1352	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1353	</div>
				1354
				1355	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1356
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1357	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1358	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1359	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1360
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1361	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1362	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1363	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1364	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1365
				1366	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1367	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1368	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1369	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1370
				1371	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1372	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1373	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1374
				1375	<p>For example,</p>
				1376
				1377	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1378	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1379	</p>
				1380
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1381	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1382	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1383	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1384
				1385	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1386	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1387	</div>
				1388
				1389	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1390
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1391	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1392	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1393
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1394	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1395	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1396	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1397	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1398	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1399	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1400	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1401	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1402	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1403	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1404
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1405	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1406	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1407
				1408
				1409	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1410	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1411	</div>
				1412
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1413	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1414
				1415	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1416	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1417	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1418	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1419	settings. </p>
				1420
				1421	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1422	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1423	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1424	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1425	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1426
				1427	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1428	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1429	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1430	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1431
				1432	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1433	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1434	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1435	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1436
				1437
				1438	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1439	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1440	</div>
				1441
				1442	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1443
				1444	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1445
				1446	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1447
				1448	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1449
				1450	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1451
				1452	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1453
				1454	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1455
				1456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1457	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1458	</div>
				1459
				1460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1461
				1462	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1463
				1464	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1465
				1466	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1467	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1468	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1469	</div>
				1470
				1471	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1472
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1473	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1474	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1475	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1476	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1477	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1478
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1479	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1480	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1481	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1482	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1483	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1484	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1485
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1486	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1487	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1488	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1489	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1490	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1491	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1492
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1493	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1494	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1495	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1496
				1497	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1498	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1499	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1500	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1501
				1502	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1503	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1504
				1505	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1506
				1507
				1508	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1509	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1510	</div>
				1511
				1512	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1513
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1514	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1515	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1516	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1517	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1518	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1519	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1520
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1521	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1522	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1523	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1524	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1525	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1526	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1527	</p>
				1528
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1529	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1530	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1531	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1532	href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1533	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1534	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1535	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1536	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1537
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1538
				1539	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1540	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1541	</div>
				1542
				1543	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1544
				1545	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1546
				1547	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1548
				1549	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1550
				1551	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1552
				1553	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1554	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1555	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1556	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1557	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1558
				1559	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1560	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1561	missed' warning given. </p>
				1562
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1563	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1564
				1565	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1566	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1567	</div>
				1568
				1569	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1570
				1571	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1572	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1573
				1574
				1575	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1576	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1577	</div>
				1578
				1579	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1580
				1581	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1582
				1583
				1584	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1585
				1586	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1587	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1588
				1589	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1590
				1591	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1592
				1593	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1594
				1595	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1596
				1597
				1598	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1599	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1600	</div>
				1601
				1602	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1603
				1604	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1605
				1606	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1607
				1608
				1609	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1610	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1611	</div>
				1612
				1613	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1614
				1615	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1616
				1617	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1618
				1619	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1620
				1621
				1622	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1623	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1624	</div>
				1625
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1626	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1627	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1628
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1629	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1630	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1631	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1632	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1633	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1634	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1635
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1636	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1637	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1638	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1639	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1640	existing definitions.</p>
				1641
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1642	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1643	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1644	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1645	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1646
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1647	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1648	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1649	is case-dependent.</p>
				1650
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1651	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1652
				1653	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1654	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1655
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1656	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1657	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1658	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1659	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1660
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1661	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1662	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1665	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1666	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1667	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1668
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1669	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1670	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1671	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1672	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1673
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1674	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1675	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1676	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1677	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1678	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1679	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1680
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1681	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1682	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1683
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1684	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1685	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1686	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1687	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1688	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1689	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1690	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1691	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1692	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1693	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1694	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1695	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1696	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1697	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1698	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1699	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1700
				1701	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1702	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1703	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1704
				1705	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1706	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1707	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1708	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1709	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1710	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1711
				1712	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1713	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1714	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1715	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1716	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1717	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1718
				1719	<pre class="text">
				1720	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1721	</pre>
				1722
				1723	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1724	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1725	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1726
				1727	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1728	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1729	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1730	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1731	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1732
				1733	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1734	following for PNG output:</p>
				1735
				1736	<pre class="text">
				1737	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1738	</pre>
				1739
				1740	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1741	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk,
				1742	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				1743	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				1744	PNG specification.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1745	</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1746
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1747	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1748	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1749	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1750	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1751
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1752	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1753	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1754	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1755	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1756	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1757	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1758	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1759
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1760	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1761
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1762	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1763	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1764
				1765	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1766	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1767	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1768	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1769
				1770	<p class="crtsnip">
				1771	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1772	</p>
				1773
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1774
				1775
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1776	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1777	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1778	</div>
				1779
				1780	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1781
				1782	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1783
				1784	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1785
				1786
				1787	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1788	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1789	</div>
				1790
				1791	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1792
				1793	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1794
				1795
				1796	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1797	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1798	</div>
				1799
				1800	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1801
				1802	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1803
				1804	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1805
				1806	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1807
				1808	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1809
				1810	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1811	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1812	</div>
				1813
				1814	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1815
				1816	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1817
				1818	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1819	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1820	</div>
				1821
				1822	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1823
				1824	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1825	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1826	</div>
				1827
				1828	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1829
				1830	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1831
				1832	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1833	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1834	</div>
				1835
				1836	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1837
				1838	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1839	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1840	</div>
				1841
				1842	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1843
				1844	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1845	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1846	</div>
				1847
				1848	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1849
				1850	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1851	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1852	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1853	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1854	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1855	behind it. </p>
				1856
				1857	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1858	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1859	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1860	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1861
				1862	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1863	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1864	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1865	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1866	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1867	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1868	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1869
				1870	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1871	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1872	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1873	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1874	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1875	into the overlay area. </p>
				1876
				1877	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1878	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1879	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1880	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1881
				1882	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1883	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1884	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1885	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1886	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1887	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1888	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1889	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1890	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1891	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1892	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1893
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1894	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1895	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1896	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1897	</p>
				1898
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1899	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1900	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1901	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1902
				1903
				1904	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1905	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1906	</div>
				1907
				1908	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1909
				1910	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1911
				1912	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1913	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1914	</div>
				1915
				1916	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1917
				1918	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1919	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1920	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1921	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1922
				1923	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1924
				1925	<pre class="text">
				1926	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1927	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1928	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1929	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1930	</pre>
				1931
				1932	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1933	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1934
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1935	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1936
				1937	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				1938	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				1939
				1940	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				1941	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				1942
				1943	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1944	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1945	</div>
				1946
				1947	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1948
				1949
				1950	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1951	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1952	</div>
				1953
				1954	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1955
				1956	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				1957	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1958	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1959	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				1960	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				1961
				1962	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				1963	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				1964	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				1965
				1966	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1967	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1968	</div>
				1969
				1970	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1971
				1972	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				1973	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				1974	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				1975	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				1976
				1977	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				1978
				1979	<table class="doc">
				1980	<tr valign="top">
				1981	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				1982	<th align="left">Description</th>
				1983	</tr>
				1984
				1985	<tr valign="top">
				1986	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				1987	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				1988	<td valign="top">
				1989	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				1990	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				1991	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				1992	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				1993	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				1994	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				1995
				1996	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				1997	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				1998
				1999	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				2000	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				2001	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				2002	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2003	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2004	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2005	<tr><td>5:</td>
				2006	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2007	<tr><td>6:</td>
				2008	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2009	<tr><td>7:</td>
				2010	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				2011	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2012	</table>
				2013
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2014	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2015	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2016
				2017	<tr valign="top">
				2018	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				2019	<td valign="top">
				2020	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2021	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2022	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2023	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2024	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2025	distortions. <br/>
				2026
				2027	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2028	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2029	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2030	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2031	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2032	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2033	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2034
				2035	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2036	</td>
				2037
				2038	</tr>
				2039
				2040	<tr valign="top">
				2041	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2042	<td valign="top">
				2043	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2044	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2045	the source image to the destination image.
				2046
				2047	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2048	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2049	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2050	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2051	</em></div>
				2052
				2053	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2054	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2055
				2056	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2057	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2058	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2059	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2060	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2061
				2062	</tr>
				2063
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2064	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2065	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2066	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2067	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2068	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2069	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2070	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2071	consistent. <br/>
				2072
				2073	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2074	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2075	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2076	in each case. <br/>
				2077
				2078	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2079	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2080	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2081	may dissappear. <br/>
				2082
				2083	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2084	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2085	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2086
				2087	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2088	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2089
				2090	<tr valign="top">
				2091	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2092	<td valign="top">
				2093	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2094	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2095	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2096	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2097	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2098	linear distortion. <br/>
				2099
				2100	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2101	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2102	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2103	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2104	</tr>
				2105
				2106	<tr valign="top">
				2107	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2108	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2109	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2110	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2111	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2112	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2113	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2114	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2115
				2116	</tr>
				2117
				2118	<tr valign="top">
				2119	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2120	<td valign="top">
				2121	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2122	a circle. <br/>
				2123	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2124	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2125	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2126	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2127	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2128	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2129	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2130	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2131	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2132	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2133	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2134	</table>
				2135
				2136	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2137	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2138	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2139	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2140	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2141
				2142	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2143	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2144	conversion. </td>
				2145	</tr>
				2146
				2147	<tr valign="top">
				2148	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2149	<td valign="top">
				2150	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2151	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2152	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2153	angle limits. <br/>
				2154
				2155	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2156
				2157	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2158	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2159	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2160	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2161	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2162	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2163	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2164	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2165	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2166	the same arguments. <br/>
				2167
				2168	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2169	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2170	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2171	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2172
				2173	</tr>
				2174
				2175	<tr valign="top">
				2176	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2177	<td valign="top">
				2178	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2179	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2180
				2181	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2182	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2183	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2184	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2185	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2186	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2187
				2188	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2189	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2190	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2191	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2192	a high quality result. </td>
				2193
				2194	</tr>
				2195
				2196	<tr valign="top">
				2197	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2198	<td valign="top">
				2199	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
cristy	6bcf48e	2011-02-15 19:09:04 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2200	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2201	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2202	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2203	lines straight again. <br/>
				2204
				2205	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2206	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2207	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2208	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2209	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2210	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2211	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2212	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2213
				2214	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2215	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2216	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2217	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2218	</td>
				2219
				2220	</tr>
				2221
				2222	<tr valign="top">
				2223	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2224	<td valign="top">
				2225	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2226	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2227	of the radial polynomial,
				2228	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2229	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2230	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2231	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2232	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2233
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2234	</td>
				2235	</tr>
				2236
				2237	<tr valign="top">
				2238	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2239	<td valign="top">
				2240	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2241	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2242	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2243	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2244	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2245	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2246	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2247	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2248	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2249
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2250	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2251	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2252	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2253
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2254	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2255	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2256	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2257
				2258	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2259	</tr>
				2260
				2261	</table>
				2262
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2263	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2264	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2265
				2266	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2267	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2268	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2269	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2270	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2271	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2272	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2273	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2274	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2275	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2276	...
				2277	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2278	</em></div>
				2279	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2280	destination image. </p>
				2281
				2282	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2283	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2284	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2285	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2286	understand.</p>
				2287
				2288	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2289	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2290	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2291	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2292	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2293	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2294	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2295	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2296	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2297	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2298
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2299	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2300	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2301	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2302	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2303
				2304	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2305	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2306	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2307	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2308	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2309	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2310	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2311
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2312	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2313	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2314	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2315	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2316	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2317	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2318	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2319	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2320	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2321
				2322	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2323	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2324	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2325	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2326	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2327
				2328	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2329	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2330	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2331	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2332	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2333	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2334	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2335	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2336
				2337	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2338	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2339	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2340	image space.</p>
				2341
				2342	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2343	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2344	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2345	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2346	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2347	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2348
				2349	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2350	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2351	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2352	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2353
				2354	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2355	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2356	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2357	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2358	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2359
				2360
				2361	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2362	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2363	</div>
				2364
				2365	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2366
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2367	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2368
				2369	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2370	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2371	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2372	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2373	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2374	color gradients. </p>
				2375
				2376	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2377	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2378
				2379	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2380
				2381
				2382	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2383	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2384	</div>
				2385
				2386	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2387
				2388	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2389
				2390	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2391
				2392	<pre class="text">
				2393	point x,y
				2394	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2395	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2396	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2397	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2398	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2399	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2400	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2401	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2402	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2403	path path specification
				2404	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2405	</pre>
				2406
				2407	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2408
				2409	<pre class="text">
				2410	text x0,y0 string
				2411	</pre>
				2412	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2413
				2414	<pre class="text">
				2415	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2416	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2417	</pre>
				2418
				2419	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2420
				2421	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2422
				2423	<pre class="text">
				2424	rotate degrees
				2425	translate dx,dy
				2426	scale sx,sy
				2427	skewX degrees
				2428	skewY degrees
				2429	</pre>
				2430
				2431	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2432
				2433	<pre class="text">
				2434	color x0,y0 method
				2435	matte x0,y0 method
				2436	</pre>
				2437
				2438	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2439
				2440	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2441
				2442	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2443
				2444	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2445
				2446	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2447
				2448	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2449
				2450	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2451
				2452	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2453
				2454	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2455	</p>
				2456
				2457	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2458
				2459	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2460
				2461	<p class="crtsnip">
				2462	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2463	</p>
				2464
				2465	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2466	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2467
				2468	<p class="crtsnip">
				2469	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2470	</p>
				2471	<p class="crtsnip">
				2472	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2473	</p>
				2474
				2475
				2476	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2477
				2478	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2479
				2480	<p class="crtsnip">
				2481	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2482	</p>
				2483
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2484	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2485	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2486	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2487	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2488
				2489	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2490
				2491	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2492
				2493	<p class="crtsnip">
				2494	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2495	</p>
				2496
				2497	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2498
				2499	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2500
				2501	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2502
				2503	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2504
				2505	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2506
				2507	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2508	matrix.</p>
				2509
				2510	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2511
				2512	<pre class="text">
				2513	point
				2514	replace
				2515	floodfill
				2516	filltoborder
				2517	reset
				2518	</pre>
				2519
				2520	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2521
				2522	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2523
				2524	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2525
				2526	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2527
				2528	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2529
				2530
				2531	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2532	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2533	</div>
				2534
				2535	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2536
				2537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2538	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2539	</div>
				2540
				2541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2542
				2543	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2544	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2545	</div>
				2546
				2547	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2548
				2549	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2550
				2551	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2552
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2553
				2554
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2555	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2556	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2557	</div>
				2558
				2559	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2560
				2561	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2562
				2563	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2564	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2565	</div>
				2566
				2567	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2568
				2569	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2570
				2571	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2572
				2573
				2574	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2575	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2576	</div>
				2577
				2578	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2579
				2580
				2581	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2582	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2583	</div>
				2584
				2585	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2586
				2587	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2588
				2589	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2590
				2591	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2592
				2593	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2594	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2595	</div>
				2596
				2597	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2598
				2599	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2600
				2601	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2602
				2603	<table class="doc">
				2604	<col width="25%" />
				2605	<col width="75%" />
				2606	<thead>
				2607	<tr>
				2608	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2609	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2610	</tr>
				2611	</thead>
				2612	<tbody>
				2613
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2614	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2615	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2616	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2617	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2618	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2619	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2620	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2621	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2622	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2623	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2624	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2625	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2626	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2627	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2628	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2629	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2630	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2631	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2632	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2633	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2634	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2635	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2636
				2637	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2638
				2639	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2640	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2641	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2642	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2643	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2644	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2645
				2646	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2647
				2648	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2649	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2650	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2651	</tbody>
				2652	</table>
				2653
				2654	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2655	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2656	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2657	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2658	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2659	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2660	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2661	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2662
				2663	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2664	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2665
				2666	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2667	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2668	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2669	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2670	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2671	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2672	'alpha' values.</p>
				2673
				2674	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2675
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2676	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2677
				2678	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2679	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2680	</div>
				2681
				2682	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2683	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2684
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2685	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2686
				2687	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2688	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2689	</div>
				2690
				2691	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2692	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2693	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2694	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2695	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2696	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2697
				2698	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2699	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2700	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2701	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2702	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2703	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2704	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2705	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2706	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2707	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2708	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2709
				2710	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2711	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2712	</div>
				2713
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2714	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2715	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2716
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2717	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2718	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2719	</div>
				2720
				2721	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2722
				2723	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2724	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2725	</div>
				2726
				2727	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2728
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2729	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2730	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2731	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2732	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2733
				2734	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2735
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2736
				2737	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2738
				2739	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2740	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2741	</div>
				2742
				2743	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2744
				2745	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2746
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2747	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2748
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2749	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2750	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2751	equivalent to:</p>
				2752
				2753	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2754	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2755
				2756	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2757	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2758	</div>
				2759
				2760	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2761
				2762	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2763	</p>
				2764
				2765	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2766	</p>
				2767
				2768	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2769	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2770	</div>
				2771
				2772	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2773
				2774	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2775	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2776	</div>
				2777
				2778	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2779
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2780	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2781
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2782	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2783
				2784	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2785
				2786	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2787	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2788
				2789	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2790	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2791
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2792	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2793
				2794	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2795
				2796	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2797	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2798	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2799
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2800	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2801
				2802	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2803
				2804	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2805
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2806	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2807
				2808	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2809	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2810	</p>
				2811
				2812
				2813	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2814	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2815	</div>
				2816
				2817	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2818
				2819	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2820
				2821	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2822
				2823	<p>For example,</p>
				2824
				2825	<p class="crtsnip">
				2826	-fill blue
				2827	</p>
				2828	<p class="crtsnip">
				2829	-fill "#ddddff"
				2830	</p>
				2831	<p class="crtsnip">
				2832	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2833	</p>
				2834
				2835	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2836
				2837	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2838
				2839	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2840	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2841	</div>
				2842
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2843	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2844	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2845
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2846	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2847	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2848	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2849
				2850	<pre class="text">
				2851	Point Hermite Cubic
				2852	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2853	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2854	</pre>
				2855
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2856	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2857	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2858	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2859	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2860	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2861
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2862	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2863	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2864	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2865	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2866
				2867	<pre class="text">
				2868	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2869	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2870	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2871	</pre>
				2872
				2873	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2874	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2875	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2876
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2877	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2878	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2879	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2880	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2881
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2882	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2883	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2884
				2885	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2886	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2887	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2888
				2889	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2890	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2891	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2892	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2893	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2894	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2895
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2896	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2897	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2898	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2899	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2900	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2901	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2902	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2903	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2904
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2905	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2906	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2907	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2908	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2909	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2910
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2911	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2912	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2913	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2914	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2915	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2916	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2917	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2918	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2919
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2920	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2921	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2922	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2923	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2924	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2925	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2926
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2927	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2928	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				2929	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				2930	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				2931	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				2932	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				2933	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				2934	</dd>
				2935
				2936	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				2937	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				2938	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				2939	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				2940	easily graphed. </dd>
				2941
				2942	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				2943	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				2944	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				2945	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				2946	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2947
				2948	</dl>
				2949
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2950	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2951
				2952	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				2953	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				2954	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2955	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				2956
				2957	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				2958	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2959	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2960	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				2961	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				2962	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				2963	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				2964	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2965
				2966
				2967	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2968	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2969	</div>
				2970
				2971	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2972
				2973
				2974	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2975	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2976	</div>
				2977
				2978	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2979
				2980	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				2981
				2982	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2983	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2984	</div>
				2985
				2986	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2987
				2988	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2989	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2990	</div>
				2991
				2992	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2993
				2994	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				2995
				2996
				2997	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2998	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2999	</div>
				3000
				3001	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3002
				3003	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				3004
				3005	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				3006	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				3007	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				3008	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				3009
				3010	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				3011
				3012
				3013	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3014	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3015	</div>
				3016
				3017	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3018
				3019	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				3020
				3021	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3022
				3023	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3024	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3025	</div>
				3026
				3027	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3028
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3029	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="../www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3030
				3031	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3032
				3033	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3034	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3035	</div>
				3036
				3037	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3038
				3039	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3040
				3041	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3042	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3043	</div>
				3044
				3045	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3046
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3047	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3048	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3049
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3050	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3051	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3052	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3053	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3054	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3055	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3056	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3057	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3058	</p>
				3059
				3060	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3061	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3062	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3063	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3064	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3065	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3066	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3067	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3068	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3069
				3070	<p>The image composition is not
				3071	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3072
				3073
				3074	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3075	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3076	</div>
				3077
				3078	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3079
				3080	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3081	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3082	</div>
				3083
				3084	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3085
				3086	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3087
				3088	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3089
				3090	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3091
				3092	<pre class="text">
				3093	Polynomial
				3094	Sinusoid
				3095	Arcsin
				3096	Arctan
				3097	</pre>
				3098
				3099	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3100
				3101	<dl class="doc">
				3102	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3103	<dd>
				3104	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3105
				3106	<div style="text-align: center">
				3107	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3108	</div>
				3109
				3110	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3111
				3112	<div style="text-align: center">
				3113	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3114	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3115	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3116	</div>
				3117
				3118	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3119
				3120	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3121
				3122	<table class="doc">
				3123	<col width="35%" />
				3124	<col width="35%" />
				3125	<col width="30%" />
				3126	<tr>
				3127	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3128	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3129	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3130	</tr>
				3131	<tr>
				3132	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3133	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3134	</tr>
				3135	<tr>
				3136	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3137	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3138	</tr>
				3139	<tr>
				3140	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3141	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3142	</tr>
				3143	<tr>
				3144	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3145	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3146	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3147	</tr>
				3148	</table>
				3149
				3150	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3151	</dd>
				3152
				3153	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3154	<dd>
				3155	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3156
				3157	<div style="text-align: center">
				3158	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3159	</div>
				3160
				3161	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3162
				3163	<div style="text-align: center">
				3164	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3165	</div>
				3166
				3167	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3168
				3169	<p class="crtsnip">
				3170	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3171	</p>
				3172
				3173	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3174
				3175	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3176
				3177	<table class="doc">
				3178	<tr>
				3179	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3180	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3181	</tr>
				3182	<tr>
				3183	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3184	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3185	</tr>
				3186	</table>
				3187	</dd>
				3188
				3189	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3190	<dd>
				3191	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3192	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3193	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3194	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3195
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3196	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3197	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3198	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3199
				3200	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3201	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3202	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3203	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3204
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3205	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3206	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3207	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3208
				3209	</dd>
				3210
				3211	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3212	<dd>
				3213	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3214	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3215	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3216
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3217	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3218	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3219	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3220
				3221	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3222	</p>
				3223
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3224	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3225	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3226	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3227
				3228	</dd>
				3229
				3230	</dl>
				3231
				3232
				3233	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3234	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3235	</div>
				3236
				3237	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3238
				3239	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3240
				3241	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3242
				3243
				3244	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3245	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3246	</div>
				3247
				3248	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3249
				3250	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3251
				3252	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3253
				3254
				3255	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3256	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3257	</div>
				3258
				3259	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3260
				3261	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3262
				3263	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3264
				3265	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3266
				3267	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3268
				3269	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3270
				3271	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3272	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3273	</div>
				3274
				3275	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3276
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3277	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3278	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3279
				3280	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3281	</div>
				3282
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3283	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3284	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3285
				3286	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3287	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3288	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3289	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3290	</p>
				3291
				3292	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3293	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3294	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3295	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3296	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3297
				3298	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3299	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3300	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3301
				3302	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3303	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3304	</p>
				3305
				3306
				3307	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3308	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3309	</div>
				3310
				3311	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3312
				3313	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3314
				3315	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3316	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3317	</div>
				3318
				3319	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3320
				3321	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3322	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3323	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3324	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3325	installation.</p>
				3326
				3327	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3328
				3329	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3330
				3331	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3332
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3333	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3334	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3335
				3336	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3337
				3338
				3339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3340	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3341	</div>
				3342
				3343	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3344
				3345
				3346	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3347	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3348	</div>
				3349
				3350	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3351
				3352	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3353	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3354	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3355	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3356
				3357	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3358	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3359	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3360	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3361
				3362	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3363	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3364	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3365	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3366	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3367
				3368	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3369	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3370	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3371	mapping. </p>
				3372
				3373
				3374	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3375	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3376	</div>
				3377
				3378	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3379
				3380	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3381	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3382	</div>
				3383
				3384	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3385
				3386	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3387	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3388	</div>
				3389
				3390	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3391
				3392	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3393
				3394	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3395
				3396	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3397	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3398	</div>
				3399
				3400	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3401
				3402	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3403	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3404	</div>
				3405
				3406	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3407
				3408	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3409
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3410	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3411
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3412	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3413	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3414	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3415
				3416	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3417	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3418	</div>
				3419
				3420	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3421
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3422	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3423
				3424	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3425
				3426	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3427	<p>or</p>
				3428
				3429	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3430
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3431	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3432
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3433	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3434
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3435	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3436
				3437	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3438	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3439	</div>
				3440
				3441	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3442
				3443	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3444	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3445	</div>
				3446
				3447	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3448
				3449	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3450	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3451	</div>
				3452
				3453	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3454
				3455	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3456
				3457	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3458
				3459	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3460	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3461	</div>
				3462
				3463	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3464
				3465	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3466
				3467	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3468
				3469	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3470
				3471	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3472	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3473	</div>
				3474
				3475	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3476
				3477	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3478
				3479	<pre class="text">
				3480	none
				3481	line
				3482	plane
				3483	partition
				3484	JPEG
				3485	GIF
				3486	PNG
				3487	</pre>
				3488
				3489	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3490
				3491	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3492
				3493	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3494
				3495	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3496
				3497	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3498	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3499
				3500	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3501	image.</p>
				3502
				3503	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3504
				3505	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3506	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3507	</div>
				3508
				3509	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3510
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3511	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3512	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3513	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3514	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3515	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3516
				3517	<pre class="text">
				3518	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3519	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3520	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3521	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3522	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3523	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3524	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3525	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3526	</pre>
				3527
				3528	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3529	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3530	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3531
				3532	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3533
				3534	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3535	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3536
				3537
				3538	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3539	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3540	</div>
				3541
				3542	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3543
				3544	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3545	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3546	</div>
				3547
				3548	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3549
				3550	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3551	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3552	</div>
				3553
				3554	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3555
				3556	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3557	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3558	</div>
				3559
				3560	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3561
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3562	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3563	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3564	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3565	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3566
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3567	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3568	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3569	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3570
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3571	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3572	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3573	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3574
				3575	<p>For example,</p>
				3576
				3577	<p class="crtsnip">
				3578	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3579	</p>
				3580
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3581	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3582	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3583	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3584	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3585	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3586
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3587	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3588	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3589	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3590	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3591
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3592	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3593	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3594	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3595	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3596
				3597
				3598	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3599	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3600	</div>
				3601
				3602	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3603
				3604	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3605	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3606	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3607	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3608	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3609	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3610
				3611	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3612	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3613	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3614
				3615
				3616	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3617	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3618	</div>
				3619
				3620	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3621
				3622	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3623	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3624	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3625
				3626	<table class="doc">
				3627	<tbody>
				3628	<tr valign="top">
				3629	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3630	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3631	</tr>
				3632
				3633	<tr valign="top">
				3634	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3635	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3636	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3637	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3638	</tr>
				3639
				3640	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3641	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3642	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3643	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3644	</tr>
				3645
				3646	<tr valign="top">
				3647	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3648	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3649	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3650	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3651	</tr>
				3652
				3653	<tr valign="top">
				3654	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3655	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3656	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3657	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3658	</tr>
				3659
				3660	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3661	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3662	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3663	</tr>
				3664
				3665	<tr valign="top">
				3666	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3667	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3668	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3669	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3670	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3671	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3672	</tr>
				3673
				3674	<tr valign="top">
				3675	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3676	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3677	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3678	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3679	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3680	image lists are removed. </td>
				3681	</tr>
				3682
				3683
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3684	<tr><td></td>
				3685	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3686	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3687	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3688	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3689	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3690
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3691	<tr><td></td>
				3692	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3693	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3694	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3695	preserved. </td>
				3696	</tr>
				3697
				3698
				3699	<tr valign="top">
				3700	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3701	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3702	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3703	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3704	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3705	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3706	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3707	</td>
				3708	</tr>
				3709
				3710	<tr valign="top">
				3711	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3712	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3713	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3714	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3715	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3716	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3717	</tr>
				3718
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3719	<tr><td></td>
				3720	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3721	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3722	</tr>
				3723
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3724	<tr><td></td>
				3725	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3726	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3727	transparency from an image.</td>
				3728	</tr>
				3729
				3730
				3731	<tr valign="top">
				3732	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3733	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3734	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3735	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3736	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3737	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3738	</td>
				3739	</tr>
				3740
				3741	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3742	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3743	</tr>
				3744
				3745	<tr valign="top">
				3746	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3747	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3748	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3749	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3750	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3751	edges.</td>
				3752	</tr>
				3753
				3754	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3755	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3756	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3757	any image file format. </td>
				3758	</tr>
				3759
				3760
				3761	<tr valign="top">
				3762	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3763	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3764	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3765	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3766	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3767	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3768	</tr>
				3769
				3770	<tr valign="top">
				3771	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3772	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3773	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3774	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3775	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3776	</tr>
				3777
				3778	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3779	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3780	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3781	optimizers seen. </td>
				3782	</tr>
				3783
				3784	<tr valign="top">
				3785	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3786	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3787	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3788	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3789	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3790	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3791	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3792	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3793	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3794	</tr>
				3795
				3796	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3797	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3798	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3799	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3800	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3801	</tr>
				3802
				3803	<tr valign="top">
				3804	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3805	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3806	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3807	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3808	</td>
				3809	</tr>
				3810
				3811	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3812	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3813	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3814	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3815	</tr>
				3816
				3817	<tr valign="top">
				3818	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3819	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3820	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3821	</td>
				3822	</tr>
				3823
				3824	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3825	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3826	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3827	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3828	</tr>
				3829
				3830	<tr valign="top">
				3831	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3832	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3833	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3834	warning is then issued). </td>
				3835	</tr>
				3836
				3837	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3838	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3839	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3840	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3841	</tr>
				3842
				3843	<tr valign="top">
				3844	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3845	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3846	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3847	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3848	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3849	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3850	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3851	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3852	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3853	</td>
				3854	</tr>
				3855
				3856	</tbody>
				3857	</table>
				3858
				3859	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3860
				3861	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3862	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3863	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3864	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3865	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3866	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3867
				3868
				3869	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3870	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3871	</div>
				3872
				3873	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3874
				3875	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3876	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3877	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3878	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3879	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3880	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3881	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3882	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3883
				3884	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3885	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3886	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3887	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3888	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3889	adjusted. </p>
				3890
				3891	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3892	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3893	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3894	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3895	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3896	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3897
				3898	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3899	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3900	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3901
				3902	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3903	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3904
				3905
				3906	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3907	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3908	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3909	</div>
				3910
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3911	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3912
				3913	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3914	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3915	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3916	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3917
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3918	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3919	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3920	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3921	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3922
				3923	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3924	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3925	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3926	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3927	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3928
				3929	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				3930	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3931	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3932	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				3933	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				3934	color (+ form). </p>
				3935
				3936
				3937	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3938	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3939	</div>
				3940
				3941	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3942
				3943	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				3944
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3945	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3946
				3947	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3948	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3949	</p>
				3950
				3951	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				3952
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3953	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				3954	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3955	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3956	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				3957	</pre>
				3958
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3959	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				3960
				3961	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				3962
				3963	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				3964
				3965	<p class="crtsnip">
				3966	-limit area 10mb
				3967	</p>
				3968
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3969	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3970
				3971	<p class="crtsnip">
				3972	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				3973	</p>
				3974
				3975	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				3976
				3977	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				3978
				3979	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				3980	</p>
				3981
				3982	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				3983	</p>
				3984
				3985	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3986	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3987	</div>
				3988
				3989	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3990
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3991	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				3992	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				3993	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				3994	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				3995
				3996	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				3997	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				3998	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				3999
				4000	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				4001	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				4002	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				4003
				4004	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				4005	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				4006
				4007	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				4008
				4009
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4010	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4011	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4012	</div>
				4013
				4014	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4015
				4016	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4017	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4018	</div>
				4019
				4020	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4021
				4022	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4023
				4024	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4025	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4026	</div>
				4027
				4028	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4029
				4030	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4031	Align
				4032	Alpha
				4033	Boolean
				4034	Channel
				4035	Class
				4036	ClipPath
				4037	Coder
				4038	Color
				4039	Colorspace
				4040	Command
				4041	Compose
				4042	Compress
				4043	Configure
				4044	DataType
				4045	Debug
				4046	Decoration
				4047	Delegate
				4048	Direction
				4049	Dispose
				4050	Distort
				4051	Dither
				4052	Endian
				4053	Evaluate
				4054	FillRule
				4055	Filter
				4056	Font
				4057	Format
				4058	Function
				4059	Gravity
				4060	ImageList
				4061	Intent
				4062	Interlace
				4063	Interpolate
				4064	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4065	Layers
				4066	LineCap
				4067	LineJoin
				4068	List
				4069	Locale
				4070	LogEvent
				4071	Log
				4072	Magic
				4073	Method
				4074	Metric
				4075	Mime
				4076	Mode
				4077	Morphology
				4078	Module
				4079	Noise
				4080	Orientation
				4081	Policy
				4082	PolicyDomain
				4083	PolicyRights
				4084	Preview
				4085	Primitive
				4086	QuantumFormat
				4087	Resource
				4088	SparseColor
				4089	Storage
				4090	Stretch
				4091	Style
				4092	Threshold
				4093	Type
				4094	Units
				4095	Validate
				4096	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4097	</pre>
				4098
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4099	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4100	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4101	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4102
				4103	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4104	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4105	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4106	</div>
				4107
				4108	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4109
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4110	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4111	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4112
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4113	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4114	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4115
				4116	<pre class="text">
				4117	%d domain
				4118	%e event
				4119	%f function
				4120	%l line
				4121	%m module
				4122	%p process ID
				4123	%r real CPU time
				4124	%t wall clock time
				4125	%u user CPU time
				4126	%% percent sign
				4127	\n newline
				4128	\r carriage return
				4129	</pre>
				4130
				4131	<p>For example:</p>
				4132
				4133	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4134	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4135
				4136	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4137	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4138	</div>
				4139
				4140	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4141
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4142	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4143	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4144	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4145
				4146	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4147	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4148	</div>
				4149
				4150	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4151
				4152	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4153	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4154	</div>
				4155
				4156	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4157
				4158
				4159	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4160	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4161	</div>
				4162
				4163	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4164
				4165	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4166
				4167	<pre class="text">
				4168	best
				4169	default
				4170	gray
				4171	red
				4172	green
				4173	blue
				4174	</pre>
				4175
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4176	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4177	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4178	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4179	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4180	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4181
				4182
				4183	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4184	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4185	</div>
				4186
				4187	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4188
				4189	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4190
				4191	<pre class="text">
				4192	r red pixel component
				4193	g green pixel component
				4194	b blue pixel component
				4195	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4196	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4197	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4198	c cyan pixel component
				4199	m magenta pixel component
				4200	y yellow pixel component
				4201	k black pixel component
				4202	p pad component (always 0)
				4203	</pre>
				4204
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4205	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4206	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4207
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4208
				4209	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4210	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4211	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4212	</div>
				4213
				4214	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4215
				4216	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4217
				4218	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4219	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4220	</div>
				4221
				4222	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4223
				4224	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4225
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4226	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4227	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4228
				4229	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4230	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4231	</div>
				4232
				4233	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4234
				4235	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4236	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4237	</div>
				4238
				4239	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4240
				4241	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4242	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4243	</div>
				4244
				4245	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4246
				4247	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4248
				4249	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4250	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4251	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4252	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4253	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4254	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4255	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4256	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4257	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4258	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4259	</pre>
				4260
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4261	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4262	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4263	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4264	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4265	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4266	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4267
				4268	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4269	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4270	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4271
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4272	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4273	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4274
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4275
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4276	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4277	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4278	</div>
				4279
				4280	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4281
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4282
				4283	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4284	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4285	</div>
				4286
				4287	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4288
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4289	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4290	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4291
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4292	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4293	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4294	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4295
				4296
				4297	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4298	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4299	</div>
				4300
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4301	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4302	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4303
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4304	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4305	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4306
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4307	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4308	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4309	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4310	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4311
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4312	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4313	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4314	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4315
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4316	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4317	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4318	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4319	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4320	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4321	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4322
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4323	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4324	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4325	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4326
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4327	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4328	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4329	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4330	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4331
				4332	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4333
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4334	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4335	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4336	</div>
				4337
				4338	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4339
				4340
				4341	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4342	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4343	</div>
				4344
				4345	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4346
				4347
				4348	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4349	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4350	</div>
				4351
				4352	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4353
				4354	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4355	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4356	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4357	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4358	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4359
				4360
				4361	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4362	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4363	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4364	</div>
				4365
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4366	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4367
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4368	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4369	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4370	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4371
				4372
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4373	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4374	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4375	</div>
				4376
				4377	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4378
				4379
				4380	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4381	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4382	</div>
				4383
				4384	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4385
				4386	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4387	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4388	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4389
				4390	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4391	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4392
				4393	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4394	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4395	</p>
				4396
				4397	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4398	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4399	</div>
				4400
				4401	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4402	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4403	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4404	</div>
				4405
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4406	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4407
				4408	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4409
				4410	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4411	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4412	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4413	</div>
				4414
				4415	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4416
				4417	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4418
				4419	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4420
				4421	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4422
				4423	<pre class="text">
				4424	Gaussian
				4425	Impulse
				4426	Laplacian
				4427	Multiplicative
				4428	Poisson
				4429	Random
				4430	Uniform
				4431	</pre>
				4432
				4433	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4434
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4435	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4436	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4437	added to an image. </p>
				4438
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4439
				4440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4441	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4442	</div>
				4443
				4444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4445
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4446	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4447	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4448	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4449
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4450	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4451	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4452	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4453	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4454
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4455	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4456	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4457	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4458	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4459
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4460	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4461	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4462	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4463
				4464	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4465
				4466
				4467	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4468	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4469	</div>
				4470
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4471	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4472	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4473	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4474
				4475	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4476
				4477	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4478	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4479	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4480	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4481	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4482	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4483	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4484	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4485	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4486	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4487	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4488	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4489	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4490	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4491	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4492	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4493	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4494	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4495	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4496	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4497	</pre>
				4498
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4499	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4500	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4501	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4502
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4503	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4504	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4505
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4506	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4507	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4508	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4509	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4510	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4511
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4512	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4513	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4514	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4515	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4516
				4517
				4518	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4519	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4520	</div>
				4521
				4522	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4523
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4524	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4525	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4526	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4527	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4528
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4529	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4530	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4531
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4532	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4533	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4534	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4535	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4536	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4537	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4538	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4539
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4540
				4541	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4542	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4543	</div>
				4544
				4545	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4546
				4547	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4548
				4549	<pre class="text">
				4550	bottom-left
				4551	bottom-right
				4552	left-bottom
				4553	left-top
				4554	right-bottom
				4555	right-top
				4556	top-left
				4557	top-right
				4558	undefined
				4559	</pre>
				4560
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4561	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4562	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4563
				4564
				4565	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4566	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4567	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4568	+page
				4569	</h4>
				4570	</div>
				4571
				4572	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4573
				4574	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4575
				4576	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4577
				4578	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4579	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4580	<thead>
				4581	<tr valign="top">
				4582	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4583	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4584	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4585	</tr>
				4586	</thead>
				4587	<tbody>
				4588	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4589	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4590	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4591	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4592	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4593	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4594	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4595	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4596	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4597	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4598	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4599	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4600	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4601	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4602	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4603	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4604	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4605	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4606	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4607	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4608	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4609	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4610	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4611	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4612	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4613	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4614	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4615	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4616	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4617	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4618	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4619	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4620	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4621	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4622	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4623	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4624	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4625	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4626	</tbody>
				4627	</table>
				4628
				4629
				4630
				4631
				4632	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4633
				4634	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4635
				4636	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4637
				4638	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4639
				4640	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4641
				4642	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4643	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4644	</div>
				4645
				4646	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4647
				4648	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4649
				4650	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4651	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4652
				4653	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4654
				4655	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4656	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4657	</div>
				4658
				4659	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4660
				4661	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4662
				4663	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4664	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4665	</div>
				4666
				4667	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4668
				4669	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4670
				4671	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4672	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4673	</div>
				4674
				4675	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4676
				4677	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4678	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4679	</div>
				4680
				4681	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4682
				4683	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4684	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4685	</div>
				4686
				4687	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4688
				4689	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4690
				4691	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4692	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4693	</div>
				4694
				4695	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4696
				4697	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4698	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4699	</div>
				4700
				4701	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4702
				4703	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4704	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4705	</div>
				4706
				4707	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4708
				4709	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4710
				4711	<pre class="text">
				4712	Rotate
				4713	Shear
				4714	Roll
				4715	Hue
				4716	Saturation
				4717	Brightness
				4718	Gamma
				4719	Spiff
				4720	Dull
				4721	Grayscale
				4722	Quantize
				4723	Despeckle
				4724	ReduceNoise
				4725	Add Noise
				4726	Sharpen
				4727	Blur
				4728	Threshold
				4729	EdgeDetect
				4730	Spread
				4731	Shade
				4732	Raise
				4733	Segment
				4734	Solarize
				4735	Swirl
				4736	Implode
				4737	Wave
				4738	OilPaint
				4739	CharcoalDrawing
				4740	JPEG
				4741	</pre>
				4742
				4743	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4744
				4745	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4746
				4747	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4748	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4749	</div>
				4750
				4751	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4752
				4753	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4754	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4755	</div>
				4756
				4757	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4758
				4759	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4760
				4761	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4762	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4763	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4764	</div>
				4765
				4766	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4767
				4768	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4769
				4770	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4771
				4772	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4773
				4774	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4775
				4776	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4777
				4778	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4779	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4780
				4781	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4782	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4783	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4784	</p>
				4785
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4786	<p>The <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				4787	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				4788	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4789	programming interface:</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4790
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4791	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename></span></p>
				4792	<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4793	<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
				4794	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				4795	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4796	be included in the file.</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4797
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4798	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4799	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				4800	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4801	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4802
				4803
				4804	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4805	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4806	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4807	</div>
				4808
				4809	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4810
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4811	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4812
				4813	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4814
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4815	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4816
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4817	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4818
				4819	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4820
				4821	<pre class="text">
				4822	0: none
				4823	1: sub
				4824	2: up
				4825	3: average
				4826	4: Paeth
				4827	</pre>
				4828
				4829	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4830
				4831	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4832
				4833	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4834
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4835	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4836
				4837	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4838
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4839	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4840	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4841	</div>
				4842
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4843	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4844
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4845	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4846	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4847	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4848	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4849	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4850
				4851
				4852	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4853	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4854	</div>
				4855
				4856	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4857
				4858	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4859	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4860	</div>
				4861
				4862	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4863
				4864	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4865	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4866
				4867	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4868	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4869	</p>
				4870
				4871
				4872	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4873	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4874	</div>
				4875
				4876	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4877
				4878	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4879	</p>
				4880
				4881	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4882
				4883	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4884	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4885	</div>
				4886
				4887	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4888
				4889	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4890	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4891	</div>
				4892
				4893	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4894
				4895	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4896	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4897	</div>
				4898
				4899	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4900
				4901	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4902	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4903	</div>
				4904
				4905	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4906
				4907	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4908	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4909	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4910
				4911	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4912	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4913	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4914	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4915	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4916
				4917	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4918	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4919	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4920	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4921	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4922	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				4923
				4924	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				4925	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				4926	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				4927	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				4928	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				4929	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				4930
				4931	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4932	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4933	</div>
				4934
				4935	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4936
				4937	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				4938
				4939	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4940
				4941	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4942	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4943	</div>
				4944
				4945	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4946
				4947	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				4948
				4949	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				4950
				4951	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4952	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4953	</div>
				4954
				4955	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4956
				4957	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				4958
				4959	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4960	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4961	</div>
				4962
				4963	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4964
				4965	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				4966	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				4967	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				4968
				4969	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4970
				4971	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				4972	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				4973	animation sequences. </p>
				4974
				4975	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				4976	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				4977	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				4978
				4979	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				4980	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				4981
				4982	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				4983	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				4984
				4985
				4986	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4987	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4988	</div>
				4989
				4990	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4991
				4992	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				4993
				4994	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				4995
				4996	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4997	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4998	</div>
				4999
				5000	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5001
				5002	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				5003
				5004	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				5005
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5006	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				5007
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5008	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5009	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5010	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5011	</div>
				5012
				5013	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5014
				5015	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5016	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5017	</div>
				5018
				5019	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5020
				5021
				5022	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5023	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5024	</div>
				5025
				5026	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5027
				5028	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				5029
				5030
				5031	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5032	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5033	</div>
				5034
				5035	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5036
				5037	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				5038
				5039	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				5040	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5041
				5042	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5043	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5044
				5045
				5046	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5047	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5048	</div>
				5049
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5050	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5051
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5052	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5053	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5054	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5055
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5056	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5057	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5058	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5059	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5060	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5061
				5062	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5063	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5064
				5065	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5066	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5067
				5068
				5069	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5070	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5071	</div>
				5072
				5073	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5074
				5075	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5076
				5077	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5078	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5079	</div>
				5080
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5081	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5082
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5083	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5084	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5085
				5086	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5087	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5088	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5089	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5090
				5091	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5092	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5093	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5094	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5095	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5096	light conditions. </p>
				5097
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5098
				5099	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5100	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5101	</div>
				5102
				5103	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5104
				5105	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5106
				5107	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5108	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5109	</div>
				5110
				5111	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5112
				5113	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5114
				5115	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5116	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5117	</div>
				5118
				5119	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5120
				5121	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5122	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5123	</div>
				5124
				5125	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5126
				5127	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5128
				5129	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5130
				5131	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5132	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5133
				5134
				5135	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5136	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5137	</div>
				5138
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5139	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5140	<h4>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5141	</div>
				5142
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5143	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5144
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5145	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5146
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5147	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5148	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5149	</div>
				5150
				5151	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5152
				5153	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5154	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5155	</div>
				5156
				5157	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5158
				5159	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5160
				5161	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5162
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5163
				5164
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5165	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5166	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5167	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5168	</div>
				5169
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5170	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5171	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5172
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5173	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5174	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5175	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5176	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5177
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5178	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5179	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5180	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5181	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5182	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5183	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5184
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5185	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5186	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5187	'properity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
				5188	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5189	</p>
				5190
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5191	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5192	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5193	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5194	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5195	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5196
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5197	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5198	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5199	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5200
				5201	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5202	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5203	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5204	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5205
				5206	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5207	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5208	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5209	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5210	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5211	attribute. </p>
				5212
				5213	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5214	For example,</p>
				5215
				5216	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5217	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5218	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5219	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5220
				5221	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5222	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5223	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5224	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5225	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5226	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5227	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5228
				5229	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5230	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5231	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
				5232	'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5233
				5234	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5235	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5236
				5237
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5238
				5239	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5240	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5241	</div>
				5242
				5243	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5244
				5245	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5246
				5247	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5248	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5249	</div>
				5250
				5251	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5252
				5253	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5254	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5255	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5256	</div>
				5257
				5258	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5259
				5260	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5261
				5262	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5263	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5264	</div>
				5265
				5266	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5267
				5268	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5269
				5270	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5271	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5272	</div>
				5273
				5274	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5275
				5276	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5277
				5278	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5279
				5280	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5281	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5282	</div>
				5283
				5284	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5285
				5286	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5287
				5288	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5289
				5290	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5291
				5292	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5293
				5294	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5295	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5296
				5297	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5298	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5299	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5300	</div>
				5301
				5302	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5303
				5304	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5305
				5306	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5307	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5308	</div>
				5309
				5310	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5311
				5312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5313	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5314	</div>
				5315
				5316	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5317
				5318	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5319
				5320	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5321
				5322	<pre class="text">
				5323	192x128
				5324	384x256
				5325	768x512
				5326	1536x1024
				5327	3072x2048
				5328	</pre>
				5329
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5330	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5331	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5332	</div>
				5333
				5334	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5335
				5336	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5337
				5338	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	2d67ddd	2011-02-13 15:38:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5339	<h4><a id="smush"></a>-smush <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
				5340	</div>
				5341
				5342	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>smush an image sequence together.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5343
				5344	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5345	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5346	</div>
				5347
				5348	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5349
				5350	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5351
				5352	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5353	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5354	</div>
				5355
				5356	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5357
				5358	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5359
				5360	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5361
				5362	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5363	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5364	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5365	</div>
				5366
				5367	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5368
				5369
				5370	<table class="doc">
				5371	<tbody>
				5372	<tr valign="top">
				5373	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5374	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5375	</tr>
				5376
				5377	<tr valign="top">
				5378	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5379	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5380	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5381	</tr>
				5382
				5383	<tr valign="top">
				5384	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5385	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5386	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5387	colors. </td>
				5388	</tr>
				5389
				5390	<tr valign="top">
				5391	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5392	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5393	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5394	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5395	</tr>
				5396
				5397	<tr valign="top">
				5398	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5399	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5400	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5401	</tr>
				5402
				5403	</tbody>
				5404	</table>
				5405
				5406	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5407	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5408	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5409	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5410	</p>
				5411
				5412	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5413	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5414	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5415	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5416	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5417
				5418	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5419	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5420	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5421	default value. </p>
				5422
				5423
				5424	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5425	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5426	</div>
				5427
				5428	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5429
				5430	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5431
				5432	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5433	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5434	</div>
				5435
				5436	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5437
				5438	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5439
				5440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5441	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5442	</div>
				5443
				5444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5445
				5446	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5447
				5448	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5449	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5450	</div>
				5451
				5452	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5453
				5454	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5455
				5456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5457	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5458	</div>
				5459
				5460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5461
				5462	<pre class="text">
				5463	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5464	double store pixels as doubles
				5465	float store pixels as floats
				5466	integer store pixels as integers
				5467	long store pixels as longs
				5468	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5469	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5470	</pre>
				5471
				5472	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5473	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5474
				5475	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5476	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5477	</div>
				5478
				5479	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5480
				5481	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5482
				5483	<pre class="text">
				5484	Any
				5485	Condensed
				5486	Expanded
				5487	ExtraCondensed
				5488	ExtraExpanded
				5489	Normal
				5490	SemiCondensed
				5491	SemiExpanded
				5492	UltraCondensed
				5493	UltraExpanded
				5494	</pre>
				5495
				5496	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5497
				5498	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5499
				5500	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5501	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5502	</div>
				5503
				5504	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5505
				5506	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5507	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5508	</div>
				5509
				5510	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5511
				5512	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5513
				5514	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5515
				5516	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5517	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5518	</div>
				5519
				5520	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5521
				5522	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5523
				5524	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5525	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5526	</div>
				5527
				5528	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5529
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5530	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5531	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5532	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5533
				5534	<pre class="text">
				5535	Any
				5536	Italic
				5537	Normal
				5538	Oblique
				5539	</pre>
				5540
				5541	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5542
				5543	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5544	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5545	</div>
				5546
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5547	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5548
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5549	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5550	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5551	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5552	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5553
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5554	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5555	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5556	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5557	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5558	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5559	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5560	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5561
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5562	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5563	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5564	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5565
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5566
				5567	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5568	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5569	</div>
				5570
				5571	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5572
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5573	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5574	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5575	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5576
				5577	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5578	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5579	</div>
				5580
				5581	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5582
				5583	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5584
				5585	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5586	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5587	</div>
				5588
				5589	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5590
				5591	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5592	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5593	</div>
				5594
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5595	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5596
				5597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5598	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5599	</div>
				5600
				5601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5602
				5603	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5604
				5605	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5606
				5607	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5608	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5609	</div>
				5610
				5611	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5612
				5613	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5614	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5615	</div>
				5616
				5617	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5618	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5619	-->
				5620
				5621	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5622
				5623	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5624
				5625	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5626	</p>
				5627
				5628	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5629
				5630	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5631	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5632
				5633
				5634	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5635	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5636	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5637
				5638	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5639	</p>
				5640
				5641	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5642	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5643	</div>
				5644
				5645	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5646
				5647	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5648
				5649	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5650
				5651	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5652	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5653	</div>
				5654
				5655	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5656
				5657	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5658	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5659	</div>
				5660
				5661	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5662
				5663	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5664
				5665	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5666	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5667	</div>
				5668
				5669	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5670
				5671	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5672	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5673	</div>
				5674
				5675	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5676
				5677	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5678
				5679	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5680
				5681	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5682	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5683	</div>
				5684
				5685	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5686
				5687	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5688
				5689	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5690
				5691	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5692	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5693	</div>
				5694
				5695	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5696
				5697	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5698
				5699	<p>For example,</p>
				5700
				5701	<p class="crtsnip">
				5702	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5703	</p>
				5704
				5705	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5706
				5707
				5708	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5709	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5710	</div>
				5711
				5712	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5713
				5714	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5715
				5716	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5717
				5718	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5719	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5720
				5721
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5722	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5723	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5724	</div>
				5725
				5726	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5727
				5728	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5729	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5730	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5731	given. </p>
				5732
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5733	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5734	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5735
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5736	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5737	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5738	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5739	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5740	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5741	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5742	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5743
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5744	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5745	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5746	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5747
				5748
				5749	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5750	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5751	</div>
				5752
				5753	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5754
				5755	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5756	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5757	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5758	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5759	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5760
				5761	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5762	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5763	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5764	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5765	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5766	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5767	type. </p>
				5768
				5769	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5770
				5771	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5772	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5773	</div>
				5774
				5775	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5776
				5777	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5778	</p>
				5779
				5780	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5781	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5782	</div>
				5783
				5784	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5785
				5786
				5787	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5788	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5789	</div>
				5790
				5791	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5792
				5793	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5794
				5795	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5796
				5797	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5798
				5799	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5800	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5801	</div>
				5802
				5803	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5804
				5805	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5806
				5807	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5808	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5809	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5810	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5811
				5812	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5813	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5814	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5815
				5816
				5817	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5818	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5819	</div>
				5820
				5821	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5822	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5823
				5824	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5825
				5826	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5827	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5828
				5829	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5830
				5831	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5832	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5833	</div>
				5834
				5835	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5836
				5837	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5838
				5839	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5840
				5841
				5842	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5843	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5844	</div>
				5845
				5846	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5847
				5848	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5849
				5850
				5851	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5852	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5853	</div>
				5854
				5855	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5856
				5857
				5858	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5859	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5860	</div>
				5861
				5862	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5863
				5864	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5865
				5866
				5867	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5868	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5869	</div>
				5870
				5871	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5872
				5873	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5874
				5875	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5876
				5877	<pre class="text">
				5878	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5879	pixel (default 0).
				5880	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5881	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5882	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5883	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5884	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5885	</pre>
				5886
				5887
				5888	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5889	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5890	</div>
				5891
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5892	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5893
				5894
				5895	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5896	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5897	</div>
				5898
				5899	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5900
				5901
				5902	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5903	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5904	</div>
				5905
				5906	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5907
				5908
				5909	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5910	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5911	</div>
				5912
				5913	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5914
				5915
				5916	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5917	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5918	</div>
				5919
				5920	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5921
				5922	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				5923	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				5924	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				5925	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				5926
				5927	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				5928
				5929	<pre class="text">
				5930	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				5931	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				5932	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				5933	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				5934	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				5935	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				5936	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				5937	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5938	mirror: mirror tile the image
				5939	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				5940	tile: tile the image (default)
				5941	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				5942	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				5943	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5944	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				5945	</pre>
				5946
				5947	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				5948
				5949	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				5950	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				5951	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				5952	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				5953	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				5954
				5955	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				5956
				5957
				5958	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5959	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5960	</div>
				5961
				5962	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5963
				5964	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				5965
				5966	<pre class="text">
				5967	StaticGray
				5968	GrayScale
				5969	StaticColor
				5970	PseudoColor
				5971	TrueColor
				5972	DirectColor
				5973	default
				5974	visual id
				5975	</pre>
				5976
				5977	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				5978
				5979
				5980	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5981	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5982	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				5983	</div>
				5984
				5985	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				5986	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5987
				5988	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				5989	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				5990	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				5991	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				5992	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				5993
				5994
				5995	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5996	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5997	</div>
				5998
				5999	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6000
				6001	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				6002
				6003	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6004	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6005	</div>
				6006
				6007	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6008
				6009	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				6010
				6011	<table class="doc">
				6012	<col width="25%" />
				6013	<col width="75%" />
				6014	<thead>
				6015	<tr>
				6016	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				6017	<th>Description</th>
				6018	</tr>
				6019	</thead>
				6020	<tbody>
				6021	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				6022	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				6023	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				6024	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				6025	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				6026	</tbody>
				6027	</table>
				6028
				6029	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				6030
				6031	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				6032
				6033	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6034	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6035	</div>
				6036
				6037	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6038
				6039	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6040	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6041	</div>
				6042
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6043	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6044
				6045	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				6046	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6047
				6048	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6049	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6050	</div>
				6051
				6052	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6053
				6054	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6055
				6056	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6057
				6058	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6059
				6060	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6061	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6062	</div>
				6063
				6064	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6065
				6066	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6067	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6068	</div>
				6069
				6070	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6071	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6072
				6073	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6074	</div>
				6075	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6076
				6077	</div>
				6078
				6079	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6080	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6081	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6082	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6083	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6084	</span>
				6085	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6086	</div>
				6087	<div class="footer">
cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6088	<span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6089	<span id="footer-east"> <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact the Wizards</a></span>
				6090	</div>
				6091	<div style="clear: both; margin: 0; width: 100%; "></div>
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6092	<script type="text/javascript">
				6093	var _gaq = _gaq \|\| [];
				6094	_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-17690367-1']);
				6095	_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
				6096
				6097	(function() {
				6098	var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
				6099	ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
				6100	var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
				6101	})();
				6102	</script>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6103	</body>
				6104	</html>