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212
213<div class="main">
214
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]215<h1>ImageMagick Version 7 Porting Guide</h1>
216
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]217<p class="navigation-index">[<a href="#headers">Header Files</a> &bull; <a href="#channels">Pixel Channels</a> &bull; <a href="#alpha">Alpha</a> &bull; <a href="#grayscale">Grayscale</a> &bull; <a href="#depecate">Deprecated Features Removed</a> &bull; <a href="#summary">Version 7 Change Summary</a> ]</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]218
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]219<p>The design of ImageMagick is an evolutionary process, with the design and implementation efforts serving to influence and guide further progress in the other. With ImageMagick version 7 we aim to improve the design based on lessons learned from the version 6 implementation. ImageMagick was originally designed to display RGB images to an X Windows server. Over time we extended support to RGBA images and then to the CMYK and CMYKA image format. With ImageMagick version 7, we extend support to arbitrary colorspaces with an arbitrary number of pixel channels. Other design changes are in the works and we will document them here so be sure to revisit periodically.</p>
220
221<p>To support variable pixel channels in the MagickCore API, pixel handling has changed and now requires accessors to get or set the pixel components. There are some modest changes to the MagickWand API. Magick++ and PerlMagick should behave exactly as it does for ImageMagick version 6.</p>
222
223<p>We intend to make ImageMagick version 7 available as an Alpha release by the end-of-year 2011. Look for a Beta release sometime in 2012. An official ImageMagick version 7 release will depend on how smoothly the Beta cycle progresses. During the Beta cycle, version 6 developers can attempt to port their software to version 7.<p>
224
225<p>During the ImageMagick version 7 development cycle and release, we will continue to support and enhance version 6 for a minimum of 10 years.</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]226<h2><a id="headers"></a>Header Files</h2>
227<div class="doc-section">
228<p>Prior versions of ImageMagick (4-6) references the ImageMagick header files as <kbd>magick/</kbd> and <kbd>wand/</kbd>. ImageMagick 7 instead uses <kbd>MagickCore/</kbd> and <kbd>MagickWand/</kbd> respectively. For example,</p>
229<pre class="code">
230#include &lt;MagickCore/MagickCore.h>
231#include &lt;MagickWand/MagickWand.h>
232</pre>
233</div>
234
235<h2><a id="channels"></a>Pixel Channels</h2>
236<div class="doc-section">
237<p>Prior versions of ImageMagick (4-6), supports 4 to 5 pixel channels (RGBA or CMYKA). The first 4 channels are accessed with the PixelPacket data structure. The structure includes 4 members of type Quantum (typically 16-bits) of red, green, blue, and opacity. The black channel or colormap indexes are supported by a separate method and structure, IndexPacket. As an example, here is a code snippet from ImageMagick version 6 that negates image pixels:</p>
238
239<pre class="code">
240 for (y=0; y &lt; (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
241 {
242 register IndexPacket
243 *indexes;
244
245 register PixelPacket
246 *q;
247
248 q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
249 if (q == (PixelPacket *) NULL)
250 {
251 status=MagickFalse;
252 continue;
253 }
254 indexes=GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue(image_view);
255 for (x=0; x &lt; (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
256 {
257 if ((channels & RedChannel) != 0)
258 q->red=(Quantum) QuantumRange-q->red;
259 if ((channels & GreenChannel) != 0)
260 q->green=(Quantum) QuantumRange-q->green;
261 if ((channels & BlueChannel) != 0)
262 q->blue=(Quantum) QuantumRange-q->blue;
263 if ((channels & OpacityChannel) != 0)
264 q->opacity=(Quantum) QuantumRange-q->opacity;
265 if (((channels & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
266 (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
267 indexes[x]=(IndexPacket) QuantumRange-indexes[x];
268 q++;
269 }
270 if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
271 status=MagickFalse;
272 }
273</pre>
274
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]275<p>ImageMagick version 7 supports any number of channels from 1 to 100 (and beyond) and simplifies access with a single method that returns an array of pixel channels of type Quantum. Source code that compiles against prior versions of ImageMagick will require refactoring to work with ImageMagick version 7. We illustrate with an example. Let's naively refactor the version 6 code snippet from above so it works with the ImageMagick version 7 API:</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]276
277<pre class="code">
278 for (y=0; y &lt; (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
279 {
280 register Quantum
281 *q;
282
283 q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
284 if (q == (Quantum *) NULL)
285 {
286 status=MagickFalse;
287 continue;
288 }
289 for (x=0; x &lt; (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]290 {
291 if ((channels & RedChannel) != 0)
292 SetPixelRed(image,QuantumRange-GetPixelRed(image,q),q);
293 if ((channels & GreenChannel) != 0)
294 SetPixelGreen(image,QuantumRange-GetPixelGreen(image,q),q);
295 if ((channels & BlueChannel) != 0)
296 SetPixelBlue(image,QuantumRange-GetPixelBlue(image,q),q);
297 if (((channels & IndexChannel) != 0) &&
298 (image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace))
299 SetPixelBlack(image,QuantumRange-GetPixelBlack(image,q),q);
300 if ((channels & OpacityChannel) != 0)
301 SetPixelAlpha(image,QuantumRange-GetPixelAlpha(image,q),q);
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]302 q+=GetPixelChannels(image);
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]303 }
304 if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
305 status=MagickFalse;
306 }
307</pre>
308
309<p>Let's do that again but take full advantage of the new variable pixel channel support:</p>
310<pre class="code">
311 for (y=0; y &lt; (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
312 {
313 register Quantum
314 *q;
315
316 q=GetCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
317 if (q == (Quantum *) NULL)
318 {
319 status=MagickFalse;
320 continue;
321 }
322 for (x=0; x &lt; (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]323 for (channel=0; channel &lt; GetPixelChannels(image); channel++)
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]324 {
325 if ((channels & (1 &lt;&lt; channel)) != 0)
326 *q=(Quantum) QuantumRange-(*q);
327 q++;
328 }
329 if (SyncCacheViewAuthenticPixels(image_view,exception) == MagickFalse)
330 status=MagickFalse;
331 }
332</pre>
333
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]334<p>Use GetPixelChannels() to advance to the next set of pixel channels.</p>
cristye6e84152011-06-06 14:16:49 +0000[diff] [blame]335
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]336<p>The colormap indexes and black pixel component (for the CMYK colorspace) are no longer stored in the index channel, previously accessed with GetAuthenticIndexQueue() and GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue((). Instead they are now a pixel channel and accessed with the convenience pixel macros GetPixelIndex(), SetPixelIndex(), GetPixelBlack(), and SetPixelBlack().</p>
cristy2dcd6822011-06-13 16:21:20 +0000[diff] [blame]337
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]338<p>In addition to supporting any number of channels, version 7 simplifies working with channels and provides opportunity for compiler optimiziations that were previously not possible. Our benchmarking shows version 7 has increased performance for virtually all image operations.</p>
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]339
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]340<h4></a>Pixel Accessors</h4>
341<p>Use accessors to get or set pixel components:</p>
342
343<pre class="text">
344 GetPixelAlpha()
345 GetPixelBlack()
346 GetPixelBlue()
347 GetPixelCb()
348 GetPixelChannels()
349 GetPixelCr()
350 GetPixelCyan()
351 GetPixelGray()
352 GetPixelGreen()
353 GetPixelIndex()
354 GetPixelInfoIntensity()
355 GetPixelInfoLuminance()
356 GetPixelMagenta()
357 GetPixelRed()
358 GetPixelPacket()
359 GetPixelPacketIntensity()
360 GetPixelY()
361 GetPixelYellow()
362 GetPixelIntensity()
363 SetPixelAlpha()
364 SetPixelBlack()
365 SetPixelBlue()
366 SetPixelCb()
367 SetPixelChannels()
368 SetPixelCr()
369 SetPixelCyan()
370 SetPixelGray()
371 SetPixelGreen()
372 SetPixelIndex()
373 SetPixelInfo()
374 SetPixelInfoBias()
375 SetPixelInfoPacket()
376 SetPixelMagenta()
377 SetPixelRed()
378 SetPixelPacket()
379 SetPixelPixelInfo()
380 SetPixelYellow()
381 SetPixelY()
382</pre>
383
384<p>You can find these accessors defined in the header file, <kbd>MagickCore/pixel-accessor.h</kbd></p>
385
386<h4></a>Pixel Metacontent</h4>
387<p>In version 7, we introduce pixel metacontent. Metacontent is content about content. So rather than being the content itself, it's something that describes or amplifies the content. Here the content is a pixel. The pixel metacontent is for your exclusive use and is accessed with these MagickCore API methods:</p>
388<pre class="text">
389 SetImageMetacontentExtent()
390 GetImageMetacontentExtent()
391 GetVirtualMetacontent()
392 GetAuthenticMetacontent()
393 GetCacheViewAuthenticMetacontent()
394 GetCacheViewVirtualMetacontent()
395</pre>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]396</div>
397
398<h2><a id="alpha"></a>Alpha</h2>
399<div class="doc-section">
cristy2dcd6822011-06-13 16:21:20 +0000[diff] [blame]400<p>We support alpha now, previously opacity. With alpha, a value of 0 means that the pixel does not have any coverage information and is transparent; i.e. there was no color contribution from any geometry because the geometry did not overlap this pixel. A value of QuantumRange means that the pixel is opaque because the geometry completely overlapped the pixel. As a consequence, in version 7, the PixelPacket structure member alpha has replaced the previous opacity member.</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]401</div>
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]402<h2><a id="grayscale"></a>Grayscale</h2>
403<div class="doc-section">
404<p>Previously, grayscale images consumed 4 channels: red, green, blue, and alpha. With version 7, grayscale consumes only 1 channel consuming far less resources as a result. However, there may be unintended consequences. With 1 channel, all image processing algorithms write to this one channel. Drawing yellow text on a grayscale image will produce gray lettering. To get the expected results, simply modify the colorspace to RGB (e.g. -colorspace rgb).</p>
405</div>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]406
407<h2><a id="deprecate"></a>Deprecated Features Removed</h2>
408<div class="doc-section">
cristye6e84152011-06-06 14:16:49 +0000[diff] [blame]409<p>All deprecated features from ImageMagick version 6 are removed in version 7. These include the <kbd>Magick-config</kbd> and <kbd>Wand-config</kbd> configuration utilities. Instead use:</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]410
411<pre class="code">
412 MagickCore-config
413 MagickWand-config
414</pre>
415
416<p>In addition, all deprecated <a href="http://magick.imagemagick.org/api/deprecate.html">MagickCore</a> and <a href="http://magick.imagemagick.org/api/magick-deprecate.html">MagickWand</a> methods are no longer available in version 7.</p>
417</div>
418<h2><a id="summary"></a>Version 7 Change Summary</h2>
419<div class="doc-section">
cristye6e84152011-06-06 14:16:49 +0000[diff] [blame]420<p>Changes from ImageMagick version 6 to version 7 are summarized here:</p>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]421<h5>Pixels</h5>
422<dl>
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]423<li>Pixels are no longer addressed with PixelPacket structure members (e.g. red, green, blue, opacity) but as an array of channels (e.g. pixel[PixelRedComponent]).</li>
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]424<li>Use convenience macros to access pixel components (e.g. GetPixelRed(), SetPixelRed()).</li>
425<li>The black channel for the CMYK colorspace is no longer stored in the index channel, previously accessed with GetAuthenticIndexQueue() and GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue((). Instead its now a pixel channel and accessed with the convenience pixel macros GetPixelBlack() and SetPixelBlack().</li>
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]426<li>The index channel for colormapped images are no longer stored in the index channel, previously accessed with GetAuthenticIndexQueue() and GetCacheViewAuthenticIndexQueue((). Instead its now a pixel channel and accessed with the convenience pixel macros GetPixelIndex() and SetPixelIndex().</li>
427<li>Use GetPixelChannels() to advance to the next set of pixel channels.</li>
428<li>Use the <em>metacontent</em> channel to associate metacontent with each pixel.</li>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]429</dl>
430<h5>Alpha</h5>
431<dl>
432<li>We support alpha rather than opacity (0 transparent; QuantumRange opaque).</li>
cristy29c5c992011-06-25 13:58:49 +0000[diff] [blame]433<li>Use GetPixelAlpha() or SetPixelAlpha() to get or set the alpha pixel component value.</li>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]434</dl>
cristy87a7f072011-07-01 00:08:52 +0000[diff] [blame^]435<h5>Grayscale</h5>
436<dl>
437<li>Grayscale images consume one channel in ImageMagick version 7. To process RGB, set the colorspace to RGB (e.g. -colorspace rgb).</li>
438</dl>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]439<h5>Deprecated Methods</h5>
440<dl>
cristy2dcd6822011-06-13 16:21:20 +0000[diff] [blame]441<li>All ImageMagick version 6 MagickCore and MagickWand deprecated methods are removed and no longer available in ImageMagick version 7.</li>
cristyba1758d2011-06-03 01:29:12 +0000[diff] [blame]442</dl>
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