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href="command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#similarity-threshold">‑similarity‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#smush">‑smush</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">‑statistic</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#storage-type">‑storage‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wavelet-denoise">‑wavelet‑denoise</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">‑write‑mask</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	61	<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
				62
				63	<div style="margin: auto;">
				64	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				65	</div>
				66
				67	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
				68
				69	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				70	defaults to 1.</p>
				71
				72	<div style="margin: auto;">
				73	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				74	</div>
				75
				76	<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
				77
				78	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	79	option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
				80	href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
				81	Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
				82	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	83
				84	<div style="margin: auto;">
				85	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				86	</div>
				87
				88	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
				89
				90	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				91	(<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				92	defaults to 1.</p>
				93
				94	<div style="margin: auto;">
				95	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
				96	</div>
				97
				98	<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
				99
				100	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				101	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				102	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				103	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				104	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				105	adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				106	make distinct names for each image. </p>
				107
				108	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				109	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				110	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				111
				112	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				113	automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				114	where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				115	strings, such as '<code>%d</code>' or '<code>%03d</code>', are familiar to those
				116	who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
				117	example, the command</p>
				118
				119	<pre>
				120	convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
				121	</pre>
				122
				123	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				124	<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				125	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
				126
				127	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				128	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...</p>
				129	<ol>
				130	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
				131	<li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
				132	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				133	filename.</li>
				134	</ol>
				135
				136
				137	<div style="margin: auto;">
				138	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				139	<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
				140	</div>
				141
				142	<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
				143
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	144	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				145	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	146
				147	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				148	quotes or without spaces. </p>
				149
				150	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				151	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				152	coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at
				153	position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
				154	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				155
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	156	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	157
				158	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				159	contains the transformed source image. The parameters
				160	<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				161	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				162	image area are cut off.</p>
				163
				164	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				165	system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
				166	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				167
				168	<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
				169	<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				170	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				171
				172	<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
				173	<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
				174	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				175
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	176	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				177	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	178	information </p>
				179
				180
				181	<pre>
				182	-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
				183	</pre>
				184
				185	<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				186
				187	<pre>
				188	-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				189	</pre>
				190
				191	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
				192	<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
				193	= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
				194
				195	<pre>
				196	-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
				197	</pre>
				198
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	199	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
				200	transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
				201	>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	202	of the individual transformations.</p>
				203
				204	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
				205	matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				206
				207	<div style="margin: auto;">
				208	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
				209	</div>
				210
				211	<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
				212
				213	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				214	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
				215
				216	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				217	<dt>Activate</dt>
				218	<dd>
				219	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
				220	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				221	preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
				222	channel. </dd>
				223
				224	<dt>Associate</dt>
				225	<dd>
				226	associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
				227
				228	<dt>Deactivate</dt>
				229	<dd>
				230	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
				231	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
				232
				233	<dt>Disassociate</dt>
				234	<dd>
				235	disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
				236
				237	<dt>Set</dt>
				238	<dd>
				239	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				240	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				241	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
				242
				243	<dt>Opaque</dt>
				244	<dd>
				245	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				246	</dd>
				247
				248	<dt>Transparent</dt>
				249	<dd>
				250	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
				251	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				252	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				253	intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
				254
				255	<dt>Extract</dt>
				256	<dd>
				257	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
				258	'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	259	a grayscale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	260	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
				261	</dd>
				262
				263	<dt>Copy</dt>
				264	<dd>
				265	Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	266	grayscale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				267	a grayscale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	268	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
				269
				270	<dt>Shape</dt>
				271	<dd>
				272	As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
				273	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				274	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
				275	</dd>
				276
				277	<dt>Remove</dt>
				278	<dd>
				279	Composite the image over the background color.
				280	</dd>
				281
				282	<dt>Background</dt>
				283	<dd>
				284	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				285	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				286	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				287	and thus can compress better.
				288	</dd>
				289	</dl>
				290
				291	<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	292	same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
				293	>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
				294	Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	295
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	296	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	297	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	298	-annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
				299	-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	300	</div>
				301
				302	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
				303
				304	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise
				305	control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				306
				307
				308	<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	309	control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	310
				311	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
				312	or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
				313	direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <var>degrees</var> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical
				314	convention once it is realized that the positive <var>y</var>–direction is
				315	conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
				316
				317	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
				318	equation.</p>
				319
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	320	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	321
				322	<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
				323	bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	324	probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	325	case leads to nice results.</p>
				326
				327	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
				328	is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file
				329	<code>mytext.txt</code>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded
				330	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				331
				332	<div style="margin: auto;">
				333	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
				334	</div>
				335
				336	<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
				337
				338	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				339	drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				340	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				341	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
				342	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
				343
				344	<div style="margin: auto;">
				345	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
				346	</div>
				347
				348	<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
				349
				350	<p>This option creates a single longer image, by joining all the current
				351	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
				352	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				353
				354	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				355	current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	356	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
				357	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	358
				359
				360	<div style="margin: auto;">
				361	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
				362	</div>
				363
				364	<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
				365
				366	<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
				367
				368	<div style="margin: auto;">
				369	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
				370	</div>
				371
				372	<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
				373
				374	<p>Use this option to supply a <var>password</var> for decrypting
				375	a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The
				376	encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				377
				378	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
				379	and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				380
				381
				382	<div style="margin: auto;">
				383	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
				384	</div>
				385
				386	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
				387
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	388	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				389	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	390	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				391
				392	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
				393
				394	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				395	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
				396	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
				397	</p>
				398
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	399	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	400	'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	401	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				402	>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	403	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				404
				405
				406
				407	<div style="margin: auto;">
				408	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
				409	</div>
				410
				411	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
				412
				413	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	414	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
				415	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	416	values. </p>
				417
				418	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
				419	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	420	for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	421	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				422	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				423	defined images. </p>
				424
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	425	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				426	href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
				427	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				428	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
				429	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	430
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	431	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	432	special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	433	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
				434	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	435	'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
				436	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				437	transparency. </p>
				438
				439
				440	<div style="margin: auto;">
				441	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
				442	</div>
				443
				444	<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
				445
				446	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				447	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				448	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				449
				450	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				451	camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				452	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				453	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	454	result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				455	href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	456
				457
				458	<div style="margin: auto;">
				459	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
				460	</div>
				461
				462	<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
				463
				464	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				465
				466
				467	<div style="margin: auto;">
				468	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
				469	</div>
				470
				471	<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
				472
				473	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
				474	other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is
				475	specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format
				476	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				477
				478	<div style="margin: auto;">
				479	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
				480	</div>
				481
				482	<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
				483
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	484	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				485	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	486	specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				487
				488	<div style="margin: auto;">
				489	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
				490	</div>
				491
				492	<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
				493
				494	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance,
				495	consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the
				496	-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
				497	to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
				498
				499	<pre>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	500	-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
				501	Performance[1]: 5i 1.344ips 1.000e 3.710u 0:03.720
				502	Performance[2]: 5i 1.634ips 0.549e 3.890u 0:03.060
				503	Performance[3]: 5i 2.174ips 0.618e 3.190u 0:02.300
				504	Performance[4]: 5i 1.678ips 0.555e 3.810u 0:02.980
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	505	Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
				506	</pre>
				507
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	508	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 2.174 iterations per
				509	second, using 3 threads and 3.190 seconds of the user allotted time, for
				510	a total elapsed time of 2.300 seconds.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	511
				512	<div style="margin: auto;">
				513	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				514	</div>
				515
				516	<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
				517
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	519	positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				520
				521	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
				522	with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				523	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				524	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
				525	zero.</p>
				526
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	527	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	528	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				529	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				530
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	531	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				532	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				533	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	534	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	535	<a
				536	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	537	entry. </p>
				538
				539	<div style="margin: auto;">
				540	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
				541	</div>
				542
				543	<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
				544
				545	<div style="margin: auto;">
				546	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				547	</div>
				548
				549	<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
				550
				551	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				552	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	553	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	554
				555
				556	<div style="margin: auto;">
				557	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
				558	</div>
				559
				560	<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
				561
				562	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				563	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				564	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				565	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
				566	<code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				567	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
				568
				569
				570	<div style="margin: auto;">
				571	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
				572	</div>
				573
				574	<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
				575
				576	<div style="margin: auto;">
				577	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
				578	</div>
				579
				580	<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
				581
				582	<div style="margin: auto;">
				583
				584	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	585	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	586	</div>
				587
				588	<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
				589
				590	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	591	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	592
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	593	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	594
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	595	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	596	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				597
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	598	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	599	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				600	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				601	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				602	</p>
				603
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	604	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
				605	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				606	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				607	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	608	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				609
				610	<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				611	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				612	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				613	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
				614
				615	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				616	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				617	</p>
				618
				619
				620	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	621	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
				622	</div>
				623
				624	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
				625
				626	<p>Set the width and height using the <var>size</var> portion of the
				627	<var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				628	ignored. </p>
				629
				630	<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
				631
				632	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				633	<dt><var>value</var></dt>
				634	<dd>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
				635	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd></dt>
				636	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				637	<dt><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				638	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				639	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				640	<dd>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
				641	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>0</dt>
				642	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				643	<dt>0<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				644	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				645	<dt><var>value</var>%</dt>
				646	<dd>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				647	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>%</dt>
				648	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
				649	<dt>x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				650	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
				651	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				652	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				653	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd>0%</dt>
				654	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				655	<dt>0%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				656	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				657	</dl>
				658
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	659	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				660	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	661
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	662	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				663	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	664	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				665	size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				666	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				667	with the default compose method of '<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may
				668	be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				669	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				670	functionality.</p>
				671
				672	<div style="margin: auto;">
				673	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				674	</div>
				675
				676	<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
				677
				678	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				679
				680	<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				681
				682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
				684	</div>
				685
				686	<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
				687
				688	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	689	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	690	</div>
				691
				692	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
				693
				694	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				695	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				696	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				697	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				698	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				699	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
				700
				701	<p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				702	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				703	transformation to all channels.</p>
				704
				705	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				706	linear transform and applied
				707	using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
				708
				709	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				710	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				711	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				712	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				713	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
				714
				715	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				716	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
				717
				718	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				719	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				720	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				721	totally black.</p>
				722
				723	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				724	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
				725
				726	<div style="margin: auto;">
				727	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
				728	</div>
				729
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	730	<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	731
				732	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	733	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	734	</div>
				735
				736	<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
				737
				738	<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
				739
				740	<div style="margin: auto;">
				741	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
				742	</div>
				743
				744	<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
				745
				746	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				747	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				748	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
				749
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	750	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				751	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	752	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
				753	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				754
				755	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				756	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				757	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				758
				759	<p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				760	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				761	instead.</p>
				762
				763	<p>For example,</p>
				764
				765	<pre>
				766	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				767	</pre>
				768
				769	<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				770	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				771	480.</p>
				772
				773
				774	<div style="margin: auto;">
				775	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
				776	</div>
				777
				778	<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
				779
				780	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				781
				782	<pre>
				783	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				784	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				785	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				786	<SOPNode>
				787	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				788	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				789	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				790	</SOPNode>
				791	<SATNode>
				792	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				793	</SATNode>
				794	</ColorCorrection>
				795	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
				796	</pre>
				797
				798	<div style="margin: auto;">
				799	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
				800	</div>
				801
				802	<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
				803
				804	<p>Choose from: <code>Red</code>, <code>Green</code>, <code>Blue</code>,
				805	<code>Alpha</code>, <code>Gray</code>, <code>Cyan</code>, <code>Magenta</code>,
				806	<code>Yellow</code>, <code>Black</code>, <code>Opacity</code>,
				807	<code>Index</code>, <code>RGB</code>, <code>RGBA</code>, <code>CMYK</code>, or
				808	<code>CMYKA</code>.</p>
				809
				810	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
				811	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
				812	'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
				813	'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
				814
				815	For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
				816	you can either use </p>
				817	<pre>
				818	-channel Red,Blue
				819	</pre>
				820	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				821	<pre>
				822	-channel RB
				823	</pre>
				824
				825	<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
				826	special channel type <code>All</code>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				827	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				828	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				829
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	830	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	831
				832	<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
				833	'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
				834	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				835	synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				836	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				837	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				838	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
				839
				840	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
				841	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
				842	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
				843	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
				844	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
				845
				846	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
				847	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				848	the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
				849	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				850	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				851	contribute to the final result. </p>
				852
				853	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
				854	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				855	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<code>Sync</code>' flag.
				856	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				857	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				858	</p>
				859
				860	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				861	channel</a>.</p>
				862
				863	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
				864	'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				865	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				866	to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	867	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				868	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	869
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	870	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	871	include the following.
				872
				873	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				874	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
				875	<a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				876	<a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
				877	<a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
				878	<a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
				879	<a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
				880	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				881	<a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
				882	<a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				883	<a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				884	<a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
				885	<a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
				886	<a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
				887	<a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
				888	<a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
				889	<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
				890	<a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
				891	<a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				892	<a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				893	<a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				894	<a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
				895	<a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
				896	<a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
				897	<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				898	</p>
				899
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	900	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				901	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
				902	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	903	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				904	flag. </p>
				905
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	906	<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default grayscale
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	907	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	908	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
				909
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	910	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				911	href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				912	color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
				913	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	914	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				915	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
				916	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
				917	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
				918	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
				919
				920	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
				921	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	922	alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				923	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				924	href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	925
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	926	<div style="margin: auto;">
				927	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel-fx"></a>-channel-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				928	</div>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	929
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	930	<p class="magick-description">exchange, extract, or copy one or more image channels.</p>
				931
				932	<p>The expression consists of one or more channels, either mnemonic or numeric (e.g. red or 0, green or 1, etc.), separated by certain operation symbols as follows:</p>
				933
				934	<pre>
				935	<=> exchange two channels (e.g. red<=>blue)
				936	=> copy one channel to another channel (e.g. red=>green)
				937	= assign a constant value to a channel (e.g. red=50%)
				938	, write new image with channels in the specified order (e.g. red, green)
				939	; add a new output image for the next set of channel operations (e.g. red; green; blue)
				940	\| move to the next input image for the source of channel data (e.g. \| gray=>alpha)
				941	</pre>
				942
				943	<p>For example, to create 3 grayscale images from the red, green, and blue channels of an image, use:</p>
				944
				945	<pre>
				946	-channel-fx "red; green; blue"
				947	</pre>
				948
				949	<p>A channel without an operation symbol implies separate (i.e, semicolon).</p>
				950
				951	<p>Here we take an sRGB image and a grayscale image and inject the grayscale image into the alpha channel:</p>
				952	<pre>
				953	convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '\| gray=>alpha' wizard-alpha.png
				954	</pre>
				955	<p>Use a similar command to define a read mask:</p>
				956	<pre>
				957	convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '\| gray=>read-mask' wizard-mask.png
				958	</pre>
				959
				960	<p>Add <code>-debug pixel</code> prior to the <code>-channel-fx</code> option to track the channel morphology.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	961
				962	<div style="margin: auto;">
				963	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
				964	</div>
				965
				966	<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
				967
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	968
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	969	<div style="margin: auto;">
				970	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
				971	</div>
				972
				973	<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
				974
				975	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>width</var>
				976	and <var>height</var> given in the of the <var>size</var>
				977	portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the number of
				978	columns and rows to remove. The <var>offset</var> portion of
				979	the <var>geometry</var> argument is influenced by
				980	a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
				981
				982	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				983	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
				984
				985	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
				986	typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	987	offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
				988	href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	989	sides of the image. </p>
				990
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	991	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
				992	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	993
				994	<div style="margin: auto;">
				995	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
				996	</div>
				997
				998	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				999
				1000	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1001	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
				1002	</div>
				1003
				1004	<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
				1005
				1006	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1007
				1008	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1009
				1010	<pre>
				1011	convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
				1012	</pre>
				1013
				1014	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1015
				1016	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
				1017	delegate library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1018
				1019	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1020
				1021	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1022	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
				1023	</div>
				1024
				1025	<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
				1026
				1027	<p>Use the alpha channel of the current image as a mask. Any areas that is
				1028	white is not modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow,
				1029	until the mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask are
				1030	modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
				1031
				1032	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1033	a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1034	mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1035	operation. </p>
				1036
				1037	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1038
				1039	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1040	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
				1041	</div>
				1042
				1043	<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
				1044
				1045	<p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific clip path in the event the image has more than one path available. </p>
				1046
				1047	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1048
				1049	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1050	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
				1051	</div>
				1052
				1053	<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
				1054
				1055	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1056	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1057	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1058	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1059
				1060	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				1061	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
				1062	example, <code>−1</code>
				1063	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
				1064	dash (e.g. <code>0−4</code>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1065	spaces (e.g. <code>0,2,5</code>). A value of '<code>0−−1</code> will
				1066	effectively clone all the images. </p>
				1067
				1068	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1069	in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
				1070	'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
				1071
				1072	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1073	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
				1074	</div>
				1075
				1076	<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
				1077
				1078	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1079	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1080	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1081	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1082	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1083
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1084	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1085	href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1086	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1087	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
				1088	'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1089	gradients, and the '<code>integer</code>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1090	lookup of color values. </p>
				1091
				1092	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1093	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1094
				1095	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1096	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1097	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
				1098	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1099	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1100	set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1101	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1102	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1103
				1104	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1105	transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1106	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1107	assumed that image represents a grayscale gradient which is used for the
				1108	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a grayscale CLUT image to
				1109	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a grayscale image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1110	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1111	</p>
				1112
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1113	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1114	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1115	of a 3D color cube. </p>
				1116
				1117
				1118	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1119	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
				1120	</div>
				1121
				1122	<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
				1123
				1124	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1125	its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1126	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1127	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1128	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1129	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1130	images. </p>
				1131
				1132	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1133	the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
				1134	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1135	better than the original. </p>
				1136
				1137
				1138	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1139	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
				1140	</div>
				1141
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1142	<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1143
				1144	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1145	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1146	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1147	values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
				1148
				1149	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1150	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
				1151	</div>
				1152
				1153	<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
				1154
				1155	<p>The <var>type</var> can be <code>shared</code> or <code>private</code>.</p>
				1156
				1157	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1158	is <code>PseudoColor</code> or <code>GrayScale</code>. Refer
				1159	to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1160	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1161	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1162	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1163	If <code>private</code> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1164	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <var>technicolor</var>
				1165	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
				1166
				1167	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1168	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
				1169	</div>
				1170
				1171	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
				1172
				1173	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1174	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1175	unique colors than specified by <var>value</var> will have any
				1176	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1177	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1178	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1179	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1180	the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1181	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				1182
				1183	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1184	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
				1185	</div>
				1186
				1187	<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
				1188
				1189	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1190	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1191	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1192	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1193	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1194	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
				1195
				1196	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1197
				1198	<pre>
				1199	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1200	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1201	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1202	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1203	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1204	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1205	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1206	</pre>
				1207	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1208	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
				1209	</div>
				1210
				1211	<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
				1212
				1213	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1214
				1215	<pre>
				1216	CMY CMYK Gray HCL
				1217	HCLp HSB HSI HSL
				1218	HSV HWB Lab LCHab
				1219	LCHuv LMS Log Luv
				1220	OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
				1221	scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
				1222	XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1223	YIQ YPbPr YUV Undefined
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1224	</pre>
				1225
				1226	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1227
				1228	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
				1229
				1230	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1231	<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1232	<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1233	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>−G</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>−B</td></tr>
				1236	<tr><th valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1237	<tr><td valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1238	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(C−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1239	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(M−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1240	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1241
				1242	<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1243	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1244
				1245	<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1246	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1249
				1250	<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1251	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1254
				1255	<tr><th valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1256	<tr><td valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1257	<tr><td valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1259
				1260	<tr><th valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1261	<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1262	<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1264
				1265	<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1266	<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1269
				1270	<tr><th valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1271	<tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1272	<tr><td valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1273	<tr><td valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1274
				1275	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1276	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1277
				1278	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1279	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1280	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1281	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1282
				1283	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1284	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
				1285
				1286	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1287	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1288	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1290
				1291	<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1292	<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1295
				1296	<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1297	<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564R+0.3575761G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
				1298	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2126729R+0.7151522G+0.0721750*B</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td valign="middle">Z=0.0193339R+0.1191920G+0.9503041*B</td></tr>
				1300
				1301	<tr><th valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=(0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td valign="middle">C1=(−0.298839R−0.586811G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.586811G−0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1305
				1306	<tr><th valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1307	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1308	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310
				1311	<tr><th valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1312	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315
				1316	<tr><th valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1317	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320
				1321	<tr><th valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1322	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1323	<tr><td valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1324	<tr><td valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1325	</table>
				1326
				1327	<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
				1328
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1329	<p>Use the <code>Undefined</code> colorspace to identify multi-spectral images.</p>
				1330
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1331	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1332	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
				1333	</div>
				1334
				1335	<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
				1336
				1337	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
				1338	combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the
				1339	sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
				1340	means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
				1341	to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
				1342
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1343	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
				1344	href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1345	Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
				1346	original. </p>
				1347
				1348	<pre>
				1349	convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
				1350	convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
				1351	-combine imagecopy.png
				1352	</pre>
				1353
				1354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
				1356	</div>
				1357
				1358	<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
				1359
				1360	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
				1361	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1362	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
				1363
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1364	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1365	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1366	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
				1367	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1368
				1369	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1370	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1371	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1372
				1373	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1374	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				1375	instead.</p>
				1376
				1377	<p>For example,</p>
				1378
				1379	<pre>
				1380	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				1381	</pre>
				1382
				1383	<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				1384	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1385	480.</p>
				1386
				1387	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1388	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
				1389	</div>
				1390
				1391	<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
				1392
				1393	<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
				1394
				1395	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1396	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1397	</pre>
				1398
				1399	<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
				1400
				1401	<pre>
				1402	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
				1403	"%[distortion]" info:
				1404	</pre>
				1405
				1406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1407	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
				1408	</div>
				1409
				1410	<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
				1411
				1412	Choose from these operators:
				1413
				1414	<pre>
				1415	add
				1416	conjugate
				1417	divide
				1418	magnitude-phase
				1419	multiply
				1420	real-imaginary
				1421	subtract
				1422	</pre>
				1423
				1424	<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
				1425
				1426	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1427	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
				1428	</div>
				1429
				1430	<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
				1431
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1432	<p>See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1433	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
				1434
				1435	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1436	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1437	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
				1438	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
				1439	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1440	<a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1441	<a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1442	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1443	<a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
				1444	<a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
				1445	and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
				1446
				1447	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<code>composite</code>"
				1448	command. </p>
				1449
				1450
				1451	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1452	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
				1453	</div>
				1454
				1455	<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
				1456
				1457	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1458	according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1459	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1460	href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1461	settings. </p>
				1462
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1463	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a grayscale blending 'mask' image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1464	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
				1465	source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
				1466	mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1467
				1468	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1469	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1470	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1471	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
				1472
				1473	<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1474	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1475	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1476	to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
				1477
				1478	<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
				1479
				1480
				1481	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1482	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
				1483	</div>
				1484
				1485	<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
				1486
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1487	<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
				1488	>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
				1489	>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
				1490	>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
				1491	>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1492
				1493	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1494	compress</a>.</p>
				1495
				1496	<p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an
				1497	uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified
				1498	image file.</p>
				1499
				1500	<p>If <code>LZW</code> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been
				1501	enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be
				1502	read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1503
				1504	<p><code>Lossless</code> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the
				1505	JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally
				1506	not recommended.</p>
				1507
				1508	<p>
				1509	When writing an ICO file, you may request that the images be encoded in
				1510	PNG format, by specifying <code>Zip</code> compression.</p>
				1511
				1512	<p>
				1513	When writing a JNG file, specify <code>Zip</code> compression to request that
				1514	the alpha channel be encoded in PNG "IDAT" format, or <code>JPEG</code>
				1515	to request that it be encoded in JPG "JDAA" format.</p>
				1516
				1517	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level
				1518	to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders.
				1519	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
				1520	sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
				1521	the chroma channels.</p>
				1522
				1523	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1524	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
				1525	</div>
				1526
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1527	<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1528
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1529	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1530
				1531	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1532	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
				1533	</div>
				1534
				1535	<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1536
				1537	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
				1538	darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance
				1539	the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
				1540	contrast.</p>
				1541
				1542	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1543
				1544	<pre>
				1545	convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
				1546	</pre>
				1547
				1548	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1549	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1550	</div>
				1551
				1552	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				1553
				1554	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1555	<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1556
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1557	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				1558	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1559	minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
				1560
				1561	<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
				1562	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1563	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
				1564	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1565	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
				1566
				1567	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1568	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1569	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1570
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1571	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1572	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				1573	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1574	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1575
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1576	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1577	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1578
				1579	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				1580
				1581
				1582	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1583	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
				1584	</div>
				1585
				1586	<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
				1587
				1588	<p>The <var>kernel</var> is a matrix specified as
				1589	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1590	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1591	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1592	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
				1593
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1594	<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1595	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1596	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1597	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1598	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1599	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
				1600	</p>
				1601
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1602	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1603	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1604	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1605	href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1606	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1607	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1608	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1609	entry. </p>
				1610
				1611
				1612	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1613	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
				1614	</div>
				1615
				1616	<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
				1617
				1618	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1619	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
				1620	</div>
				1621
				1622	<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
				1623
				1624	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1625
				1626	<p>The <var>width</var> and <var>height</var> of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the size of the image that remains
				1627	after cropping, and <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> in the
				1628	<var>offset</var> (if present) gives the location of the top left
				1629	corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the
				1630	amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1631
				1632	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1633	present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the
				1634	cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
				1635	the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper
				1636	left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				1637	present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
				1638	gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1639	the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
				1640	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1641	<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
				1642	upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1645	omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input
				1646	image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if
				1647	the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1648
				1649	<p>You can add the <var>@</var> to the geometry argument to equally divide the image into the number of tiles generated.</p>
				1650
				1651	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1652	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1653	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1654	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1655	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1656
				1657	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1658	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1659	missed' warning given. </p>
				1660
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1661	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1662	cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
				1663	upper-left corner of the visible image.
				1664
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1665	Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1666	remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
				1667	you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
				1668	offset.</p>
				1669
				1670	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1671	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
				1672	</div>
				1673
				1674	<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
				1675
				1676	<p><var>Amount</var> defines the number of positions each
				1677	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1678
				1679
				1680	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1681	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
				1682	</div>
				1683
				1684	<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
				1685
				1686	<p>The <code>events</code> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
				1687	can be either <code>None</code>, <code>All</code>, <code>Trace</code>, or
				1688	a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
				1689	<code>Accelerate</code>, <code>Annotate</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Cache</code>,
				1690	<code>Coder</code>, <code>Configure</code>, <code>Deprecate</code>,
				1691	<code>Exception</code>, <code>Locale</code>, <code>Render</code>,
				1692	<code>Resource</code>, <code>Security</code>, <code>TemporaryFile</code>,
				1693	<code>Transform</code>, <code>X11</code>, or <code>User</code>. </p>
				1694
				1695
				1696	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1697
				1698	<pre>
				1699	convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
				1700	</pre>
				1701
				1702	<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
				1703	events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1704
				1705	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1706	debug</a>.</p>
				1707
				1708	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging
				1709	output.</p>
				1710
				1711	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1712
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1713	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
				1714	>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1715	environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
				1716	option.</p>
				1717
				1718
				1719	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1720	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				1721	</div>
				1722
				1723	<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
				1724
				1725	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				1726
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1727	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1728	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1729	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1730
				1731
				1732	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1733	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
				1734	</div>
				1735
				1736	<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
				1737
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1738	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
				1739	href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1740	a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
				1741	</p>
				1742
				1743	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation
				1744	sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the
				1745	animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1746
				1747	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
				1748	method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
				1749
				1750
				1751	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1752	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
				1753	</div>
				1754
				1755	<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
				1756
				1757	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1758	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1759	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1760	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1761	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1762	as "Artifacts". </p>
				1763
				1764	<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1765	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1766	options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1767	previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1768	existing definitions.</p>
				1769
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1770	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
				1771	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1772	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1773
				1774	<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
				1775	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <var>value</var>
				1776	is case-dependent.</p>
				1777
				1778	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and affect all images and operations. </p>
				1779
				1780	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1781	available:</p>
				1782
				1783	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1784	<tr>
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1785	<td>bmp:alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1786	<td>include any alpha channel when writing in the BMP image format.</td>
				1787	</tr>
				1788
				1789	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1790	<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1791	<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
				1792	and <var>bmp4</var>. This option can be useful when the
				1793	method of prepending "BMP2:" to the output filename is inconvenient or
				1794	is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
				1795	</tr>
				1796
				1797	<tr>
				1798	<td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1799	<td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
				1800	grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
				1801	not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
				1802	-type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1803	</tr>
				1804
				1805	<tr>
				1806	<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
				1807	<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
				1808	</tr>
				1809
				1810	<tr>
				1811	<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
				1812	<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1813	-composite. See <a href="compose.html"
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1814	>Image Composition</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1815	</tr>
				1816
				1817	<tr>
				1818	<td>compose:clamp=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1819	<td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel
				1820	whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535)
				1821	otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1822	ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1823	</tr>
				1824
				1825	<tr>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1826	<td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
				1827	<td>Merges any region with area smaller than <var>value</var> into its surrounding region or largest neighbor.</td>
				1828	</tr>
				1829
				1830	<tr>
				1831	<td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1832	<td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to keep in the output.
				1833	Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1834	</tr>
				1835
				1836	<tr>
				1837	<td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1838	<td>Changes the output image from id values to mean color values. Supported
				1839	in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1840	</tr>
				1841
				1842	<tr>
				1843	<td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1844	<td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to remove from the output.
				1845	Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1846	</tr>
				1847
				1848	<tr>
				1849	<td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
				1850	<td>Lists id, bounding box, centroid, area, mean color for each region.</td>
				1851	</tr>
				1852
				1853	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1854	<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
				1855	<td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
				1856	full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
				1857	percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
				1858	An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
				1859	range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
				1860	example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
				1861	detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
				1862	pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
				1863	that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
				1864	is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
				1865	The default is 0.</td>
				1866	</tr>
				1867
				1868	<tr>
				1869	<td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1870	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
				1871	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1872	</tr>
				1873
				1874	<tr>
				1875	<td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
				1876	<td>Sets the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
				1877	DCM image format.</td>
				1878	</tr>
				1879
				1880	<tr>
				1881	<td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1882	<td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
				1883	</tr>
				1884
				1885	<tr>
				1886	<td>dds:compression=<var>dxt1\|dxt5\|none</var></td>
				1887	<td>Sets the dds compression.</td>
				1888	</tr>
				1889
				1890	<tr>
				1891	<td>dds:mipmaps=<var>value</var></td>
				1892	<td>Sets the dds number of mipmaps.</td>
				1893	</tr>
				1894
				1895	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1896	<td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1897	<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
				1898	</tr>
				1899
				1900	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1901	<td>deskew:auto-crop=<var>true</var></td>
				1902	<td>auto crop the image after deskewing.</td>
				1903	</tr>
				1904
				1905	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1906	<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
				1907	<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
				1908	</tr>
				1909
				1910	<tr>
				1911	<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1912	<td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				1913	>-distort</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1914	</tr>
				1915
				1916	<tr>
				1917	<td>distort:viewport=<var>WxH+X+Y</var></td>
				1918	<td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
				1919	</tr>
				1920
				1921	<tr>
				1922	<td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
				1923	<td>Specifies the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
				1924	<code>neato</code>).</td>
				1925	</tr>
				1926
				1927	<tr>
				1928	<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
				1929	<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
				1930	See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
				1931	</tr>
				1932
				1933	<tr>
				1934	<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
				1935	<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
				1936	<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
				1937	<var>forward</var>.</td>
				1938	</tr>
				1939
				1940	<tr>
				1941	<td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1942	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				1943	<var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1944	except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var>. If this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1945	option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
				1946	images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1947	</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1948	</tr>
				1949
				1950	<tr>
				1951	<td>icon:auto-resize</td>
				1952	<td>Automatically stores multiple sizes when writing an ico image
				1953	(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
				1954	</tr>
				1955
				1956	<tr>
				1957	<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
				1958	<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
				1959	and J2K</td>
				1960	</tr>
				1961
				1962	<tr>
				1963	<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1964	<td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1965	J2K</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1966	</tr>
				1967
				1968	<tr>
				1969	<td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
				1970	<td>choose from LRCP, RLCP, RPCL, PCRL or CPRL. Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1971	J2K</td>
				1972	</tr>
				1973
				1974	<tr>
				1975	<td>jp2:quality=<var>value,value...</var></td>
				1976	<td>Sets the quality layer PSNR, given in dB. The order is from left to
				1977	right in ascending order. The default is a single lossless quality layer.
				1978	Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1979	</tr>
				1980
				1981	<tr>
				1982	<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1983	<td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files.
				1984	The compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The
				1985	valid range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If
				1986	defined, this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting
				1987	of 75 results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1988	</tr>
				1989
				1990	<tr>
				1991	<td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
				1992	<td>Sets the number of highest resolution levels to be discarded.Same for
				1993	JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1994	</tr>
				1995
				1996	<tr>
				1997	<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1998	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1999	</tr>
				2000
				2001	<tr>
				2002	<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
				2003	<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
				2004	quantizing.</td>
				2005	</tr>
				2006
				2007	<tr>
				2008	<td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
				2009	<td>Choose from <code>default</code>, <code>fastest</code>,
				2010	<code>float</code>, <code>ifast</code>, and <code>islow</code>.</td>
				2011	</tr>
				2012
				2013	<tr>
				2014	<td>jpeg:extent=<var>value</var></td>
				2015	<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
				2016	jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
				2017	compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2018	exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
				2019	starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
				2020	100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
				2021	-quality setting was ignored.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2022	</tr>
				2023
				2024	<tr>
				2025	<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2026	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2027	</tr>
				2028
				2029	<tr>
				2030	<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2031	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2032	</tr>
				2033
				2034	<tr>
				2035	<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2036	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2037	</tr>
				2038
				2039	<tr>
				2040	<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2041	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2042	</tr>
				2043
				2044	<tr>
				2045	<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2046	<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
				2047	example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
				2048	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
				2049	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</td>
				2050	</tr>
				2051
				2052	<tr>
				2053	<td>json:features</td>
				2054	<td>includes features in verbose information</td>
				2055	</tr>
				2056
				2057	<tr>
				2058	<td>json:limit</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2059	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2060	</tr>
				2061
				2062	<tr>
				2063	<td>json:locate</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2064	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2065	</tr>
				2066
				2067	<tr>
				2068	<td>json:moments</td>
				2069	<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
				2070	</tr>
				2071
				2072	<tr>
				2073	<td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2074	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2075	This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2076	</tr>
				2077
				2078	<tr>
				2079	<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
				2080	<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
				2081	</tr>
				2082
				2083	<tr>
				2084	<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2085	<td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
				2086	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2087	typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
				2088	kernels. </td>
				2089	</tr>
				2090
				2091	<tr>
				2092	<td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2093	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2094	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2095	</tr>
				2096
				2097	<tr>
				2098	<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2099	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2100
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2101	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2102	<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2103	<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
				2104	being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
				2105	allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
				2106	</tr>
				2107
				2108	<tr>
				2109	<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2110	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2111	</tr>
				2112
				2113	<tr>
				2114	<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2115	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2116	</tr>
				2117
				2118	<tr>
				2119	<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2120	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2121	</tr>
				2122
				2123	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2124	<td>phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2125	<td>the perceptual hash defaults to the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. When
				2126	using this define, you can specify up to six alternative colorspaces. (as
				2127	of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
				2128	</tr>
				2129
				2130	<tr>
				2131	<td>phash:normalize=<var>true</var></td>
				2132	<td>normalizes the phash metric by dividing by the number of channels
				2133	specified by <code>-define phash:colorspaces</code> when using compare
				2134	-metric phash. (as of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2135	</tr>
				2136
				2137	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2138	<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2139	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2140	</tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2141
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2142	<tr>
				2143	<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				2144	<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				2145	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				2146	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				2147	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				2148	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				2149	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				2150	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				2151	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				2152	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
				2153	<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> directives to
				2154	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				2155	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
				2156	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
				2157	8-bit depth.</td>
				2158	</tr>
				2159
				2160	<tr>
				2161	<td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
				2162	<td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
				2163	5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
				2164	adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression, 8 means
				2165	Z_RLE strategy with adaptive filtering, and 9 means Z_RLE strategy with no
				2166	filtering.</td>
				2167	</tr>
				2168
				2169	<tr>
				2170	<td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
				2171	<td> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
				2172	compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</td>
				2173	</tr>
				2174
				2175	<tr>
				2176	<td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
				2177	<td> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
				2178	rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
				2179	that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
				2180	values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
				2181	instead.</td>
				2182	</tr>
				2183
				2184	<tr>
				2185	<td>png:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2186	<td> valid values are <var>png8</var>, <var>png24</var>,
				2187	<var>png32</var>, <var>png48</var>,
				2188	<var>png64</var>, and <var>png00</var>.
				2189	This property can be useful for specifying
				2190	the specific PNG format to be used, when the usual method of prepending the
				2191	format name to the output filename is inconvenient, such as when writing
				2192	a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
				2193	Value = <var>png8</var> reduces the number of colors to 256,
				2194	only one of which may be fully transparent, if necessary. The other
				2195	values do not force any reduction of quality; it is an error to request
				2196	a format that cannot represent the image data without loss (except that
				2197	it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
				2198	Value = <var>png24</var> and <var>png48</var>
				2199	allow transparency, only if a single color is fully transparent and that
				2200	color does not also appear in an opaque pixel; such transparency is
				2201	written in a PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk.
				2202	Value = <var>png00</var> causes the image to inherit its
				2203	color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
				2204	a PNG.</td>
				2205	</tr>
				2206
				2207	<tr>
				2208	<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2209
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2210	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2211	<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2212	<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				2213
				2214	<p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				2215	as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
				2216	(which can include the word <var>date</var>, the word
				2217	<var>all</var>, or the word <var>none</var>).
				2218	Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
				2219	names if you prefer.</p>
				2220
				2221	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				2222	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				2223
				2224	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is excluded and
				2225	the <code>gAMA</code> chunk is included, the <code>gAMA</code> chunk will
				2226	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				2227	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				2228	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				2229	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				2230
				2231	<pre>
				2232	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				2233	</pre>
				2234
				2235	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
				2236	the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
				2237	the PNG encoder will write the <code>sRGB</code> chunk instead of the
				2238	entire ICC profile. To force the PNG encoder to write the sRGB
				2239	profile as an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the output PNG instead of the
				2240	<code>sRGB</code> chunk, exclude the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.</p>
				2241
				2242	<p>The critical PNG chunks <code>IHDR</code>, <code>PLTE</code>,
				2243	<code>IDAT</code>, and <code>IEND</code> cannot be excluded. Any such
				2244	entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				2245
				2246	<p>If the ancillary PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk is excluded and the
				2247	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				2248	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				2249	<code>tRNS</code> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				2250	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				2251
				2252	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				2253	following for PNG output:</p>
				2254
				2255	<pre>
				2256	-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
				2257	</pre>
				2258
				2259	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				2260	plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
				2261	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				2262	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				2263	PNG specification.</p>
				2264
				2265	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				2266	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				2267	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				2268	<code>bKGD</code>, <code>cHRM</code>, <code>gAMA</code>, <code>iCCP</code>,
				2269	<code>oFFs</code>, <code>pHYs</code>, <code>sRGB</code>, <code>tEXt</code>,
				2270	<code>tRNS</code>, <code>vpAg</code>, and <code>zTXt</code>.</p>
				2271
				2272	<p>You can also put <code>date</code> in the list to include or exclude
				2273	the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
				2274	inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
				2275	</tr>
				2276
				2277	<tr>
				2278	<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2279	<td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2280	try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
				2281	the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
				2282	is suppressed.</td>
				2283	</tr>
				2284
				2285	<tr>
				2286	<td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2287	<td>By default, the PNG decoder and encoder examine any ICC profile
				2288	that is present, either from an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the PNG
				2289	input or supplied via an option, and if the profile is recognized
				2290	to be the sRGB profile, converts it to the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.
				2291	You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
				2292	this from happening; in such cases the <code>iCCP</code> chunk
				2293	will be read or written and no <code>sRGB</code> chunk will be
				2294	written. There are some ICC profiles that claim to be sRGB but
				2295	have various errors that cause them to be rejected by libpng16; such
				2296	profiles are recognized anyhow and converted to the <code>sRGB</code>
				2297	chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
				2298	is present. Note that not all "sRGB" ICC profiles are recognized
				2299	yet; we will add them to the list as we encounter them.</td>
				2300	</tr>
				2301
				2302	<tr>
				2303	<td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2304	<td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
				2305	network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
				2306	fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
				2307	in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
				2308	must appear before the input filename on the commandline. The swapping
				2309	is done during the libpng decoding operation.</td>
				2310	</tr>
				2311
				2312	<tr>
				2313	<td>profile:skip=<var>name1,name2,...</var></td>
				2314	<td>Skip the named profile[s] when reading the image. Use skip="*" to
				2315	skip all named profiles in the image. Many named profiles exist,
				2316	including ICC, EXIF, APP1, IPTC, XMP, and others.</td>
				2317	</tr>
				2318
				2319	<tr>
				2320	<td>ps:imagemask</td>
				2321	<td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
				2322	create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
				2323	imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
				2324	</tr>
				2325
				2326	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2327	<td>psd:additional-info=all\|selective</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2328	<td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
				2329	another PSD file. This should be placed after the image is read. The two
				2330	options are 'all' and 'selective'. The 'selective' option will preserve
				2331	all additional information that is not related to the geometry of the
				2332	image. The 'all' option should only be used when the geometry of the
				2333	image has not been changed. This option is helpful when transferring
				2334	non-simple layers, such as adjustment layers from the input PSD file to
				2335	the output PSD file. If this option is not used, the additional
				2336	information will not be preserved. This define is available as of
				2337	Imagemagick version 6.9.5-8.
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2338	</td>
				2339	</tr>
				2340
				2341	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2342	<td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
				2343	<td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
				2344	for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
				2345	image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
				2346	as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
				2347	prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2348	image. This option should be set before reading the image.</td>
				2349	</tr>
				2350
				2351	<tr>
				2352	<td>psd:preserve-opacity-mask=true</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2353	<td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
				2354	another PSD file. It will preserve the opacity mask of a layer and add it
				2355	back to the layer when the image is saved. Setting this to 'true' will
				2356	enable this feature. This define is available as of Imagemagick version
				2357	6.9.5-10.
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2358	</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2359	</tr>
				2360
				2361	<tr>
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2362	<td>preserve-timestamp=<var>{True, False}</var></td>
				2363	<td>Preserve file timestamp (<code>mogrify</code> only).</td>
				2364	</tr>
				2365
				2366	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2367	<td>quantum:format=<var>type</var></td>
				2368	<td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
				2369	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				2370	to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
				2371	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				2372	If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
				2373	double precision floating point format.</td>
				2374	</tr>
				2375
				2376	<tr>
				2377	<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2378	<td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF
				2379	image file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2380	<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
				2381	</tr>
				2382
				2383	<tr>
				2384	<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2385	<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2386	expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2387	</tr>
				2388
				2389	<tr>
				2390	<td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2391	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2392	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2393	</tr>
				2394
				2395	<tr>
				2396	<td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
				2397	<td>Set the stream buffer size. Select 0 for unbuffered I/O.</td>
				2398	</tr>
				2399
				2400	<tr>
				2401	<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated\|unassociated\|unspecified</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2402	<td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or
				2403	unspecified </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2404	</tr>
				2405
				2406	<tr>
				2407	<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2408	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2409	</tr>
				2410
				2411	<tr>
				2412	<td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>false</var></td>
				2413	<td>Skips reading the EXIF properties.</td>
				2414	</tr>
				2415
				2416	<tr>
				2417	<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2418	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2419	</tr>
				2420
				2421	<tr>
				2422	<td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
				2423	<td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
				2424	</tr>
				2425
				2426	<tr>
				2427	<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
				2428	<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
				2429	</tr>
				2430
				2431	<tr>
				2432	<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
				2433	<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
				2434	</tr>
				2435
				2436	<tr>
				2437	<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
				2438	<td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
				2439	PTIF: before the outputname</td>
				2440	</tr>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2441
				2442	<tr>
				2443	<td>type:features=<var>string</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2444	<td> </td>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2445	</tr>
				2446
				2447	<tr>
				2448	<td>type:hinting=<var>off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2449	<td> </td>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2450	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2451	</table>
				2452
				2453	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				2454	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
				2455
				2456	<pre>
				2457	convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
				2458	</pre>
				2459
				2460	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				2461	<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				2462	use:</p>
				2463
				2464	<pre>
				2465	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				2466	</pre>
				2467
				2468	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2469	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2470	</div>
				2471
				2472	<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
				2473
				2474	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
				2475	<var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
				2476	next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image
				2477	sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				2478
				2479	<p>Use <code>></code> to change the image delay <var>only</var> if its current
				2480	value exceeds the given delay. <code><</code> changes the image delay
				2481	<var>only</var> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if
				2482	you specify <code>30></code> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does
				2483	not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed
				2484	to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the
				2485	<code><</code> or <code>></code> from being interpreted by your shell as
				2486	a file redirection.</p>
				2487
				2488
				2489	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2490	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
				2491	</div>
				2492
				2493	<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
				2494
				2495	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				2496	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
				2497	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
				2498	a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
Cristy	912a922	2016-06-17 15:37:28 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2499	<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence. Use <code>-delete 0--1</code> to delete the entire image sequence.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2500
				2501
				2502	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2503	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2504	</div>
				2505
				2506	<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
				2507
				2508	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster
				2509	image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
				2510	as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
				2511	provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2512	raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
				2513	href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2514	instead.</p>
				2515
				2516	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
				2517	point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are
				2518	normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300,
				2519	600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use
				2520	a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the
				2521	number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				2522
				2523	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the
				2524	stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image
				2525	resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not
				2526	stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using
				2527	its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
				2528	file header.</p>
				2529
				2530	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var> and
				2531	does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the
				2532	rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied
				2533	to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different
				2534	resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				2535
				2536	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2537	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
				2538	</div>
				2539
				2540	<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
				2541
				2542	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option
				2543	to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
				2544	or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				2545
				2546	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2547	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
				2548	</div>
				2549
				2550	<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
				2551
				2552	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2553	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2554	</div>
				2555
				2556	<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
				2557
				2558	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2559	<var>true \| false</var></code> to auto crop the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2560
				2561	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2562	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
				2563	</div>
				2564
				2565	<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
				2566
				2567	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2568	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
				2569	</div>
				2570
				2571	<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
				2572
				2573	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2574	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var>{%}{!}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2575	</div>
				2576
				2577	<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
				2578
				2579	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
				2580	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
				2581	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				2582	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				2583	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				2584	behind it. </p>
				2585
				2586	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				2587	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				2588	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				2589	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				2590
				2591	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				2592	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				2593	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				2594	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				2595	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				2596	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				2597	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				2598
				2599	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				2600	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
				2601	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
				2602	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
				2603	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
				2604	into the overlay area. </p>
				2605
				2606	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				2607	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				2608	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				2609	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				2610
				2611	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				2612	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
				2613	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
				2614	specify a third image which is normally used as a <var>mask</var>,
				2615	the <var>composite image</var> is used for horizontal X
				2616	displacement, while the <var>mask image</var> is used for vertical Y
				2617	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				2618	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				2619	the <var>scale</var> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
				2620	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				2621	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
				2622
				2623	<p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
				2624	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				2625	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				2626	</p>
				2627
				2628	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
				2629	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				2630	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				2631
				2632
				2633	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2634	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
				2635	</div>
				2636
				2637	<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
				2638
				2639	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this
				2640	X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
				2641
				2642	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2643	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
				2644	</div>
				2645
				2646	<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
				2647
				2648	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				2649	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				2650	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				2651	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				2652
				2653	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				2654
				2655	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2656	<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
				2657	<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
				2658	<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
				2659	<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
				2660	</dl>
				2661
				2662	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				2663	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				2664
				2665	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
				2666
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2667	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2668	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2669
				2670	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
				2671	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2672
				2673	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2674	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				2675	</div>
				2676
				2677	<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
				2678
				2679
				2680	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2681	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
				2682	</div>
				2683
				2684	<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
				2685
				2686	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2687	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <var>src_percent</var>
				2688	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
				2689	transparent at a value of '<code>200</code>'. If both percentages
				2690	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2691
				2692	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2693	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2694	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2695
				2696	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2697	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
				2698	</div>
				2699
				2700	<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
				2701
				2702	<p>The <var>arguments</var> is a single string containing a list
				2703	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2704	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <var>method</var> being used. </p>
				2705
				2706	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2707
				2708	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				2709	<tr>
				2710	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2711	<th>Description</th>
				2712	</tr>
				2713
				2714	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2715	<td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2716	<td>
				2717	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2718	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2719	is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
				2720	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2721	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2722	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2723
				2724	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2725	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2726
				2727	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2728	<dt>2:</dt><dd><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2729	<dt>3:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
				2730	<dt>4:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2731	<dt>5:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
				2732	<dt>6:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2733	<dt>7:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2734	</dl>
				2735
				2736	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
				2737	'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2738
				2739	<tr>
				2740	<td>Affine</td>
				2741	<td>
				2742	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
				2743	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
				2744	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2745	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2746	also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2747	distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2748
				2749	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2750	squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
				2751	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
				2752	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
				2753	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2754	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2755	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2756
				2757	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2758	</td>
				2759
				2760	</tr>
				2761
				2762	<tr>
				2763	<td>AffineProjection</td>
				2764	<td>
				2765	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2766	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2767	the source image to the destination image.
				2768
				2769	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2770	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2771	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2772	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2773	</var></p>
				2774
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2775	See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2776	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2777
				2778	The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
				2779	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2780	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2781	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2782	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2783
				2784	</tr>
				2785
				2786	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2787	<td>BilinearForward<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2788	BilinearReverse</td>
				2789	<td>
				2790	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2791	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2792	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2793	consistent. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2794
				2795	The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
				2796	quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
				2797	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2798	in each case. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2799
				2800	Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	2801	which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2802	color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2803	may disappear. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2804
				2805	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2806	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2807	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2808
				2809	</td>
				2810	</tr>
				2811
				2812	<tr>
				2813	<td>Perspective</td>
				2814	<td>
				2815	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2816	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2817	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2818	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
				2819	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2820	linear distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2821
				2822	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2823	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2824	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	2825	<a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2826	</tr>
				2827
				2828	<tr>
				2829	<td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
				2830	<td>
				2831	Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
				2832	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2833	at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2834	'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2835	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2836	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2837
				2838	</tr>
				2839
				2840	<tr>
				2841	<td>Arc</td>
				2842	<td>
				2843	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2844	a circle.
				2845
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2846	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2847	<dt>arc_angle</dt>
				2848	<dd>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
				2849	<dt>rotate_angle</dt>
				2850	<dd>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
				2851	<dt>top_radius</dt>
				2852	<dd>Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
				2853	<dt>bottom_radius </dt>
				2854	<dd>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2855	</dl>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2856
				2857	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2858	(as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2859	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2860	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2861	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2862
				2863	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2864	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2865	conversion. </td>
				2866	</tr>
				2867
				2868	<tr>
				2869	<td>Polar</td>
				2870	<td>
				2871	Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2872	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2873	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2874	angle limits. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2875
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2876	Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2877
				2878	All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
				2879	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2880	to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
				2881	'0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2882	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2883	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2884	'-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2885	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2886	but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2887	the same arguments. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2888
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2889	If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2890	output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
				2891	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2892	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2893
				2894	</tr>
				2895
				2896	<tr>
				2897	<td>DePolar</td>
				2898	<td>
				2899	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2900	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2901
				2902	The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
				2903	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2904	<var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
				2905	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2906	generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
				2907	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2908
				2909	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2910	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
				2911	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
				2912	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2913	a high quality result. </td>
				2914
				2915	</tr>
				2916
				2917	<tr>
				2918	<td>Barrel</td>
				2919	<td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2920	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2921	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2922	Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
				2923	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2924	lines straight again. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2925
				2926	<p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2927	<var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2928	or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2929	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
				2930	[ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
				2931	So that it forms the function
				2932	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2933	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2934
				2935	Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2936	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2937	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2938	correct lens distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2939	</td>
				2940
				2941	</tr>
				2942
				2943	<tr>
				2944	<td>BarrelInverse</td>
				2945	<td>
				2946	This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
				2947	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2948	of the radial polynomial,
				2949	so that it forms the function
				2950	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2951	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2952	Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
				2953	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2954
				2955	</td>
				2956	</tr>
				2957
				2958	<tr>
				2959	<td>Shepards</td>
				2960	<td>
				2961	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2962	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
				2963	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2964	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2965	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2966	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2967	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2968	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2969	their movement. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2970
				2971	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2972	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2973	position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2974
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2975	Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2976	href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2977	the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2978
				2979	</td>
				2980	</tr>
				2981
				2982	</table>
				2983
				2984	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				2985	distort</a>.</p>
				2986
				2987	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<code>Affine</code>',
				2988	'<code>Perspective</code>', and '<code>Shepards</code>' use a list control points
				2989	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2990	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2991	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2992	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2993	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2994	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2995	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2996	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2997	...
				2998	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2999	</var></p>
				3000	<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
				3001	destination image. </p>
				3002
				3003	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion,
				3004	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				3005	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				3006	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				3007	understand.</p>
				3008
				3009	<pre>
				3010	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
				3011	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
				3012	rose_3d_rotated.gif"
				3013	</pre>
				3014
				3015	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				3016	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				3017	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				3018	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				3019	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usually a linear
				3020	'<code>Affine</code>' distortion). </p>
				3021
				3022	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
				3023	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				3024	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				3025	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
				3026
				3027	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3028	resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3029	EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
				3030	images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
				3031	using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
				3032	a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
				3033
				3034	<pre>
				3035	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
				3036	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
				3037	checks_tiled.jpg
				3038	</pre>
				3039
				3040	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				3041	be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
				3042	each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3043	resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3044	'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
				3045	</p>
				3046
				3047	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3048	example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	3049	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3050	what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
				3051	ground. </p>
				3052
				3053	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				3054	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
				3055	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3056	the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3057	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				3058	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3059	may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3060	is unwanted. </p>
				3061
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3062	<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				3063	href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				3064	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3065	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				3066
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3067	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
				3068	>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3069	specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
				3070	distorted image space.</p>
				3071
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3072	<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3073	distort:scale=<var>scale_factor</var></code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3074	otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
				3075	distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
				3076	a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
				3077	appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				3078
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3079	<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3080	will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
				3081	Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
				3082	lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
				3083
				3084
				3085	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3086	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
				3087	</div>
				3088
				3089	<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
				3090
				3091	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3092	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
				3093	</div>
				3094
				3095	<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
				3096	images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically
				3097	when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default.</p>
				3098
				3099	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the
				3100	eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This
				3101	reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of
				3102	a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of
				3103	colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
				3104
				3105	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				3106	setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				3107	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				3108	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				3109	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				3110	color gradients. </p>
				3111
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3112	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				3113	href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
				3114	href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3115	color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
				3116	color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
				3117	as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
				3118	in these cases. </p>
				3119
				3120	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3121	to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
				3122	href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3123	patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				3124
				3125
				3126	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3127	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
				3128	</div>
				3129
				3130	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
				3131
				3132	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic
				3133	primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel
				3134	operations.</p>
				3135
				3136	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				3137
				3138	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3139	<dt>point</dt><dd> x,y</dd>
				3140	<dt>line</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3141	<dt>rectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3142	<dt>roundRectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
				3143	<dt>arc</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
				3144	<dt>ellipse</dt><dd> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
				3145	<dt>circle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3146	<dt>polyline</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3147	<dt>polygon</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3148	<dt>bezier</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3149	<dt>path</dt><dd>specification </dd>
				3150	<dt>image</dt><dd> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
				3151	</dl>
				3152
				3153	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				3154
				3155	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3156	<dt>text</dt><dd>x0,y0 string</dd>
				3157	</dl>
				3158	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				3159
				3160	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3161	<dt>gravity</dt><dd>NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
				3162	</dl>
				3163
				3164	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3165	interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
				3166	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3167	scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				3168
				3169	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				3170
				3171	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3172	<dt>rotate</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3173	<dt>translate</dt><dd>dx,dy</dd>
				3174	<dt>scale</dt><dd>sx,sy</dd>
				3175	<dt>skewX</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3176	<dt>skewY</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3177	</dl>
				3178
				3179	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				3180
				3181	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3182	<dt>color</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3183	<dt>matte</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3184	</dl>
				3185
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3186	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
				3187	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
				3188	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
				3189	"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
				3190	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3191
				3192	<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
				3193	pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
				3194	<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3195	primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
				3196	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3197
				3198	<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				3199
				3200	<p>A <code>rectangle</code> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the
				3201	upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				3202
				3203	<p>A <code>roundRectangle</code> primitive takes the same corner points as
				3204	a <code>rectangle</code> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners
				3205	to be removed.</p>
				3206
				3207	<p>The <code>circle</code> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled).
				3208	Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				3209
				3210	<p>The <code>arc</code> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in
				3211	to a given rectangle. An <code>arc</code> requires the two corners used for
				3212	<code>rectangle</code> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the
				3213	arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end
				3214	points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment
				3215	of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				3216
				3217	<p>Use <code>ellipse</code> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the
				3218	center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
				3219	the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150
				3220	0,360).</p>
				3221
				3222	<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
				3223	more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
				3224	a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3225	point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
				3226	href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3227	a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
				3228
				3229	<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
				3230	optional comma. </p>
				3231
				3232	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
				3233	150,150 use:</p>
				3234
				3235	<pre>
				3236	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				3237	</pre>
				3238
				3239	<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
				3240	or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
				3241	<var>knots</var> and these points are attained by the curve, while any
				3242	intermediate coordinates are <var>control points</var>. If two control points
				3243	are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective
				3244	control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If
				3245	one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one
				3246	control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If
				3247	more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points
				3248	act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order
				3249	to draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the
				3250	<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
				3251	the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				3252
				3253	<pre>
				3254	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				3255	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				3256	</pre>
				3257
				3258	<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
				3259	moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
				3260	a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the
				3261	current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
				3262	(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
				3263	one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3264	<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
				3265	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3266
				3267	<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
				3268	image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
				3269	filename:</p>
				3270
				3271	<pre>
				3272	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				3273	</pre>
				3274
				3275	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				3276	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3277	dimensions. See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3278	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
				3279
				3280	<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
				3281	arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
				3282	</p>
				3283
				3284	<p>Use <code>text</code> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
				3285	coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in
				3286	single or double quotes.</p>
				3287
				3288	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
				3289	magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
				3290
				3291	<pre>
				3292	-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
				3293	</pre>
				3294
				3295	<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
				3296	to annotate an image with text.</p>
				3297
				3298	<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3299	text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a
				3300	href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3301	option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
				3302	region.</p>
				3303
				3304	<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
				3305	primitives.</p>
				3306
				3307	<p>The <code>scale</code> primitive scales them.</p>
				3308
				3309	<p>The <code>skewX</code> and <code>skewY</code> primitives skew them with respect
				3310	to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				3311
				3312	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
				3313	from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
				3314	option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
				3315	option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed
				3316	by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If another
				3317	<a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
				3318	reinitialized from the initial affine matrix.</p>
				3319
				3320	<p>Use the <code>color</code> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the
				3321	fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
				3322	a method:</p>
				3323
				3324	<pre>
				3325	point
				3326	replace
				3327	floodfill
				3328	filltoborder
				3329	reset
				3330	</pre>
				3331
				3332	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
				3333	<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
				3334	method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3335	<code>Floodfill</code> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
				3336	pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code> recolors any neighbor
				3337	pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <code>reset</code> recolors all
				3338	pixels.</p>
				3339
				3340	<p>Use <code>matte</code> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
				3341	Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <code>color</code> primitive
				3342	for a description of methods). The <code>point</code> method changes the matte
				3343	value of the target pixel. The <code>replace</code> method changes the matte
				3344	value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3345	<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
				3346	color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3347	changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
				3348	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3349	matte value of all pixels.</p>
				3350
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3351	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
				3352	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3353	respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
				3354	these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				3355
				3356	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
				3357	than 1.png).</p>
				3358
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3359	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3360	Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				3361
				3362
				3363	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3364	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
				3365	</div>
				3366
				3367	<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
				3368
				3369	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence.
				3370	The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the
				3371	sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
				3372	a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
				3373	0,2). Use <code>+duplicate</code> to duplicate the last image in the current
				3374	image sequence.</p>
				3375
				3376	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3377	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
				3378	</div>
				3379
				3380	<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
				3381
				3382	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3383	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
				3384	</div>
				3385
				3386	<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
				3387
				3388	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3389	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				3390	</div>
				3391
				3392	<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
				3393
				3394	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				3395
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3396	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3397	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3398	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				3399
				3400
				3401
				3402	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3403	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
				3404	</div>
				3405
				3406	<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
				3407
				3408	<p>Choose from</p>
				3409
				3410	<pre>
				3411	AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
				3412	AdobeStandard AppleRoman
				3413	BIG5 GB2312
				3414	Latin 2 None
				3415	SJIScode Symbol
				3416	Unicode Wansung
				3417	</pre>
				3418
				3419	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3420	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
				3421	</div>
				3422
				3423	<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
				3424
				3425	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				3426
				3427	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				3428
				3429
				3430	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3431	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
				3432	</div>
				3433
				3434	<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
				3435
				3436
				3437	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3438	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
				3439	</div>
				3440
				3441	<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
				3442
				3443	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the
				3444	image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then
				3445	equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				3446
				3447	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
				3448	-equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3449
				3450	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal
				3451	components transformation that puts most of the information in the first
				3452	channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
				3453	-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3454
				3455	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3456	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
				3457	</div>
				3458
				3459	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
				3460
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3461	<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
				3462	multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3463	elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				3464
				3465	<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
				3466	following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to
				3467	below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while
				3468	a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum
				3469	(installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
				3470	normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
				3471	calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
				3472
				3473	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3474	<col width="25%" />
				3475	<col width="75%" />
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3476	<thead>
				3477	<tr>
				3478	<th><var>operator</var></th>
				3479	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				3480	</tr>
				3481	</thead>
				3482	<tbody>
				3483
				3484	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
				3485	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels. </td></tr>
				3486	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels modulo <var>QuantumRange</var>.</td></tr>
				3487	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3488	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3489	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3490	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3491	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3492	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3493	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				3494	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3495	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
				3496	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
				3497	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3498	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3499	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3500	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3501	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3502	<tr><td>RMS</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3503	<tr><td>RootMeanSquare</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3504	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3505	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3506	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <var>value</var> from pixels.</td></tr>
				3507	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <var>value.</var></td></tr>
				3508
				3509	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3510
				3511	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3512	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3513	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3514	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3515	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3516	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3517
				3518	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3519
				3520	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3521	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3522	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <var>value</var>. </td></tr>
				3523	</tbody>
				3524	</table>
				3525
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3526	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				3527	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3528	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				3529	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				3530	<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				3531	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
				3532	as a percentage of the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3533
				3534	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				3535	<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				3536
				3537	<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3538	<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				3539	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3540	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3541	Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				3542	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3543	'alpha' values.</p>
				3544
				3545	<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
				3546	addition modulo the <var>QuantumRange</var>. It is therefore
				3547	equivalent to <code>Add</code> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the
				3548	interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. </p>
				3549
				3550	<p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
				3551	works on normalized pixel values. The <var>value</var> used with
				3552	<code>Exp</code> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential
				3553	function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
				3554	thus outside the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The
				3555	formula is expressed below. </p>
				3556
				3557	<p class="text-center">
				3558	exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
				3559	</p>
				3560
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3561	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
				3562	>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3563	the result.</p>
				3564
				3565	<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
				3566	normalized pixel values. This a <var>scaled</var> log function. The <var>value</var> used with <code>Log</code> provides a <var>scaling
				3567	factor</var> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The
				3568	formula applied to a normalized value <b><var>u</var></b> is below. </p>
				3569
				3570	<p class="text-center">
				3571	log(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b> + 1) / log(<var>value</var> + 1)
				3572	</p>
				3573
				3574	<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3575	normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
				3576	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3577	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3578	with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3579	with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
				3580
				3581	<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				3582	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				3583	The synonyms <code>Cos</code> and <code>Sin</code> may also be used. The output
				3584	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				3585	range. The <var>value</var> scaling of the <var>period</var> of the
				3586	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				3587	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <var>value</var> is 1, the effective period is simply the <var>QuantumRange</var>; but if the <var>value</var> is 2,
				3588	then the effective period is the <var>half</var> the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3589
				3590	<p class="text-center">
				3591	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
				3592	</p>
				3593
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3594	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3595	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
				3596
				3597	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3598	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
				3599	</div>
				3600
				3601	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
				3602	logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
				3603
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3604	<p>To print a complete list of <a
				3605	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
				3606	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3607
				3608	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3609	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3610	</div>
				3611
				3612	<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
				3613
				3614	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
				3615	To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
				3616	specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3617	specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				3618	>-compose</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3619
				3620	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				3621	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				3622	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				3623
				3624	<pre>
				3625	convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
				3626	-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
				3627	</pre>
				3628
				3629	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3630
				3631	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3632	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3633	</div>
				3634
				3635	<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
				3636
				3637	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
				3638	image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				3639
				3640	<pre>
				3641	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
				3642	image.rgb image.png",
				3643	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
				3644	image.rgb image.png"
				3645	</pre>
				3646
				3647	<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
				3648
				3649	<pre>
				3650	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
				3651	image.rgb image.png
				3652	</pre>
				3653
				3654	<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
				3655	equivalent to:</p>
				3656
				3657	<pre>
				3658	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
				3659	</pre>
				3660
				3661	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3662
				3663	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3664	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
				3665	</div>
				3666
				3667	<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
				3668
				3669	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for
				3670	rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font
				3671	(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
				3672	"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
				3673
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3674	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3675	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3676	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3677
				3678	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3679	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
				3680	</div>
				3681
				3682	<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
				3683
				3684	<pre>
				3685	Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
				3686	Contrast Entropy
				3687	Correlation Difference Variance
				3688	Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
				3689	Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
				3690	Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
				3691	Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
				3692	</pre>
				3693
				3694	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3695	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
				3696	</div>
				3697
				3698	<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				3699
				3700	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				3701	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
				3702	(spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is
				3703	represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying
				3704	amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along
				3705	the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are
				3706	complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for
				3707	example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier
				3708	Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier
				3709	Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier
				3710	Transform</a>.</p>
				3711
				3712	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the
				3713	output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
				3714	separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports
				3715	multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
				3716	frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be
				3717	visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
				3718	into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
				3719	magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3720	number. See for example, <a
				3721	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3722
				3723	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
				3724	formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
				3725	PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
				3726	formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				3727
				3728	<pre>
				3729	convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
				3730	</pre>
				3731
				3732	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
				3733	image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
				3734
				3735	<pre>
				3736	convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
				3737	</pre>
				3738
				3739	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
				3740	as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3741	force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
				3742	href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3743
				3744	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
				3745	is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
				3746	image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
				3747	and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3748	phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
				3749	href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3750
				3751	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
				3752	[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
				3753	Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but is scaled to span the full
				3754	dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
				3755	scaled). The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain
				3756	very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In
				3757	order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log
				3758	function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to
				3759	enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
				3760	be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				3761
				3762	<pre>
				3763	convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
				3764	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
				3765	</pre>
				3766
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3767	<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
				3768	href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3769	range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
				3770	typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
				3771	detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
				3772	visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				3773
				3774	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				3775	use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
				3776
				3777	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real
				3778	and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				3779
				3780	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values,
				3781	this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
				3782	use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
				3783	results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
				3784	values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
				3785	MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
				3786	types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
				3787
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3788	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
				3789	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3790	padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
				3791	images.</p>
				3792
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3793	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				3794	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				3795	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3796	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3797	href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
				3798	>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
				3799	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3800	entry. </p>
				3801
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3802	<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3803
				3804
				3805	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3806	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
				3807	</div>
				3808
				3809	<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
				3810
				3811	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3812	HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3813	a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				3814
				3815	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
				3816	the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				3817
				3818	<p>For example,</p>
				3819
				3820	<pre>
				3821	-fill blue
				3822	-fill "#ddddff"
				3823	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				3824	</pre>
				3825
				3826	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				3827
				3828	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				3829
				3830	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3831	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
				3832	</div>
				3833
				3834	<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
				3835
				3836	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3837	operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				3838	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3839
				3840	<pre>
				3841	Point Hermite Cubic
				3842	Box Gaussian Catrom
				3843	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				3844	</pre>
				3845
				3846	<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
				3847	as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
				3848	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				3849	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				3850	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
				3851
				3852	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3853	function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3854	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				3855	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
				3856
				3857	<pre>
				3858	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				3859	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				3860	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				3861	</pre>
				3862
				3863	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				3864	<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				3865	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				3866
				3867	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				3868	<code>Mitchell</code> for a colormapped image, an image with a matte channel, or
				3869	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				3870	<code>Lanczos</code>.</p>
				3871
				3872	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3873	filter</a> option.</p>
				3874
				3875	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3876	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
				3877	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3878
				3879	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				3880	<tr>
				3881	<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
				3882	<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
				3883	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				3884	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				3885	results. </td>
				3886	</tr>
				3887
				3888	<tr>
				3889	<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3890	<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				3891	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				3892	filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
				3893	<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				3894	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				3895	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				3896	</td>
				3897	</tr>
				3898
				3899	<tr>
				3900	<td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
				3901	<td>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
				3902	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				3903	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				3904	image distorts.</td>
				3905	</tr>
				3906
				3907	<tr>
				3908	<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
				3909	<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
				3910	sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
				3911	does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
				3912	to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
				3913	to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
				3914	(a value of '1/sqrt(2)') is another common setting. </td>
				3915	</tr>
				3916
				3917	<tr>
				3918	<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3919	</tr>
				3920
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3921	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3922	<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
				3923	<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
				3924	<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
				3925	the <code>Parzen</code> cubic windowing function. If only one of the values
				3926	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
				3927	The values meaning was defined by a research paper by
				3928	Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
				3929	</tr>
				3930
				3931	<tr>
				3932	<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
				3933	<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
				3934	Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
				3935	does not effect any other attributes.
				3936	Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
				3937	inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
				3938	function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
				3939	assign it be more definitive. </td>
				3940	</tr>
				3941
				3942	<tr>
				3943	<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
				3944	<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
				3945	will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
				3946	and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
				3947	</tr>
				3948
				3949	<tr>
				3950	<td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3951	<td>Use this function directly as the weighting filter. This will allow
				3952	you to directly use a windowing function such as <code>Blackman</code>,
				3953	as a resampling filter, rather than as its normal usage as a windowing
				3954	function. If defined, no windowing function also defined, the window function is set
				3955	to <code>Box</code>). Directly specifying <code>Sinc</code> or <code>Jinc</code>
				3956	as a filter will also do this. </td>
				3957	</tr>
				3958
				3959	<tr>
				3960	<td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3961	<td>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <code>Sinc</code> and
				3962	<code>Jinc</code> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				3963	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				3964	function to be used as a windowing function for these IIR filters.
				3965	Many of the defined filters are actually windowing functions for these IIR
				3966	filters. A typical choices is <code>Box</code>, (which effectively turns
				3967	off the windowing function). </td>
				3968	</tr>
				3969
				3970	<tr>
				3971	<td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3972	<td>Scale windowing function to this size instead. This causes the windowing
				3973	(or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
				3974	larger than what is actually supplied to the calling operator. The filter
				3975	however is still clipped to the real support size given. If unset this
				3976	will equal the normal filter support size. </td>
				3977	</tr>
				3978
				3979	<tr>
				3980	<td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
				3981	<td>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				3982	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				3983	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				3984	easily graphed. Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other filters. The <code>Lanczos</code> filter for example is defined in terms of
				3985	a <code>SincFast</code> windowed <code>SincFast</code> filter, while
				3986	<code>Mitchell</code> is defined as a general <code>Cubic</code> family filter
				3987	with specific 'B' and 'C' settings. </td>
				3988	</tr>
				3989
				3990	</table>
				3991
				3992	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
				3993
				3994	<pre>
				3995	convert image.png \
				3996	-filter sinc \
				3997	-set filter:window=jinc \
				3998	-set filter:lobes=8 \
				3999	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				4000	</pre>
				4001
				4002	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				4003
				4004	<pre>
				4005	convert image.png \
				4006	-set filter:filter=sinc \
				4007	-set filter:lobes=4 \
				4008	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				4009	</pre>
				4010
				4011	<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
				4012	a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
				4013	windowing function. </p>
				4014
				4015	<pre>
				4016	convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
				4017	-define filter:window=Welch \
				4018	-define filter:support=1.0 \
				4019	-define filter:verbose=1 \
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4020	-resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4021	gnuplot
				4022	set grid
				4023	plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
				4024	</pre>
				4025
				4026	<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
				4027	who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
				4028	knowledge, and an understanding of the definition of the actual filters
				4029	involved, using expert settings are more likely to be detrimental to your image
				4030	resizing.</p>
				4031
				4032
				4033	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4034	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
				4035	</div>
				4036
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4037	<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4038
				4039
				4040	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4041	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
				4042	</div>
				4043
				4044	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
				4045
				4046	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
				4047	upside-down. </p>
				4048
				4049
				4050	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4051	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
				4052	</div>
				4053
				4054	<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
				4055
				4056	<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4057	Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4058	given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4059	will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4060
				4061	<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4062	<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4063	action will be taken. </p>
				4064
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4065	<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4066	a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4067	point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4068	its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
				4069
				4070
				4071	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4072	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
				4073	</div>
				4074
				4075	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
				4076
				4077	<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
				4078	a vertical mirror. </p>
				4079
				4080
				4081	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4082	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
				4083	</div>
				4084
				4085	<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
				4086
				4087	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</a>
				4088	option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				4089
				4090	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				4091	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <code>Arial.ttf</code>
				4092	is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
				4093	<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
				4094
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4095	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				4096	href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				4097	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4098
				4099
				4100	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4101	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
				4102	</div>
				4103
				4104	<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
				4105
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4106	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				4107	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4108
				4109	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				4110
				4111	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4112	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
				4113	</div>
				4114
				4115	<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
				4116
				4117	<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
				4118	image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4119	For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
				4120	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4121
				4122	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
				4123	filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
				4124	the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
				4125	example, if you specify <var>tiff</var> as the format type and the
				4126	input image filename is <var>image.gif</var>, the output image
				4127	filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
				4128
				4129	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4130	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
				4131	</div>
				4132
				4133	<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
				4134
				4135	<p>See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4136	Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this
				4137	option.</p>
				4138
				4139	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4140	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4141	</div>
				4142
				4143	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
				4144
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	4145	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor"
				4146	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4147
				4148	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				4149	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				4150	in the <var>geometry</var> argument, then the border added is
				4151	a solid color. Offsets <var>x</var> and <var>y</var>, if present, specify that
				4152	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				4153	thickness <var>x</var> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				4154	<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				4155	</p>
				4156
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4157	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				4158	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4159	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				4160	size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4161	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	4162	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4163	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4164	'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				4165	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4166
				4167	<p>The image composition is not
				4168	affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				4169
				4170
				4171	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4172	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
				4173	</div>
				4174
				4175	<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
				4176	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4177	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
				4178	</div>
				4179
				4180	<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
				4181
				4182	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4183	each of the color values for each previously set <a
				4184	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
				4185	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4186	calculations are handled.</p>
				4187
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4188	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
				4189	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4190	ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				4191
				4192	<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
				4193	numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
				4194
				4195	<pre>
				4196	Polynomial
				4197	Sinusoid
				4198	Arcsin
				4199	Arctan
				4200	</pre>
				4201
				4202	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
				4203	use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				4204
				4205	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4206	<dt>Polynomial</dt>
				4207	<dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
				4208	these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
				4209	That is, entering</p>
				4210
				4211	<pre>
				4212	-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
				4213	</pre>
				4214
				4215	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				4216
				4217	<pre>
				4218	<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
				4219	</pre>
				4220
				4221	<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				4222
				4223	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
				4224	(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
				4225	<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4226	polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
				4227	href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4228	correspondences follow.</p>
				4229
				4230	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4231	<tr>
				4232	<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
				4233	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
				4234	<td>(Constant functions; set <var>value</var>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				4235	</tr>
				4236	<tr>
				4237	<td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
				4238	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
				4239	</tr>
				4240	<tr>
				4241	<td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
				4242	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
				4243	</tr>
				4244	<tr>
				4245	<td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
				4246	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
				4247	</tr>
				4248	<tr>
				4249	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				4250	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				4251	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				4252	</tr>
				4253	</table>
				4254
				4255	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function gives great versatility, since
				4256	polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy
				4257	desired.</p>
				4258
				4259	</dd>
				4260	<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
				4261	<dd>
				4262	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
				4263	sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
				4264	values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				4265
				4266	<pre>
				4267	-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4268	</pre>
				4269
				4270	<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
				4271	corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
				4272	The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
				4273	<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				4274
				4275	<pre>
				4276	<var>amp</var> * sin(2π (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
				4277	</pre>
				4278
				4279	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
				4280	(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
				4281	.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				4282
				4283	<pre>
				4284	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				4285	</pre>
				4286
				4287	<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
				4288	is 0.</p>
				4289
				4290	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function generalizes <code>Sin</code> and
				4291	<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
				4292	varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				4293
				4294	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4295	<tr>
				4296	<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
				4297	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
				4298	</tr>
				4299	<tr>
				4300	<td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
				4301	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
				4302	</tr>
				4303	</table>
				4304	</dd>
				4305	<dt>ArcSin</dt>
				4306	<dd>
				4307	<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				4308	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				4309	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
				4310	of values.</p>
				4311
				4312	<pre>
				4313	-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4314	</pre>
				4315
				4316	<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
				4317	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				4318	for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				4319
				4320	<pre>
				4321	<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4322	</pre>
				4323
				4324	</dd>
				4325	<dt>ArcTan</dt>
				4326	<dd>
				4327	<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				4328	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
				4329	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
				4330
				4331	<pre>
				4332	-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4333	</pre>
				4334
				4335	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				4336	</p>
				4337
				4338	<pre>
				4339	<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>π ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4340	</pre>
				4341	</dd>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4342	</dl>
				4343
				4344
				4345
				4346	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4347	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				4348	</div>
				4349
				4350	<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
				4351
				4352	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must
				4353	be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color
				4354	in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an
				4355	image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target
				4356	background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for
				4357	these differences.</p>
				4358
				4359	<p>The <var>distance</var> can be in absolute intensity units or, by
				4360	appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
				4361	65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				4362
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4363	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4364
				4365
				4366	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4367	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				4368	</div>
				4369
				4370	<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
				4371
				4372	<p>If the first character of <var>expression</var> is <code>@</code>,
				4373	the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
				4374	string.</p>
				4375
				4376	<p>See <a href="fx.html">FX,
				4377	The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this
				4378	option.</p>
				4379
				4380
				4381	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4382	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
				4383	</div>
				4384
				4385	<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
				4386
				4387	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
				4388	different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to
				4389	adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from
				4390	<code>0.8</code> to <code>2.3</code>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
				4391	gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
				4392	result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only
				4393	eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				4394
				4395	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
				4396	a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the
				4397	normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
				4398	same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				4399
				4400	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
				4401	the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
				4402	<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
				4403
				4404	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
				4405	image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
				4406	is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
				4407	(e.g. PNG images). Write the "file gamma" which is the reciprocal of the
				4408	display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
				4409	chunk, use</p>
				4410
				4411	<pre>
				4412	convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
				4413	</pre>
				4414
				4415	<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
				4416
				4417	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				4418
				4419	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4420	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4421	</div>
				4422
				4423	<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
				4424
				4425	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4426	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4427
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4428	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4429
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4430	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4431	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				4432
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4433	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4434	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				4435	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				4436	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				4437	</p>
				4438
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4439	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
				4440	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				4441	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				4442	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4443	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				4444
				4445	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
				4446	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				4447	neighboring pixels. </p>
				4448
				4449	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4450	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4451	</p>
				4452
				4453
				4454	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4455	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4456	</div>
				4457
				4458	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
				4459
				4460	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4461
				4462	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4463	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
				4464	</div>
				4465
				4466	<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
				4467
				4468	<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
				4469	<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4470	<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
				4471	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
				4472	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4473	installation.</p>
				4474
				4475	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
				4476	example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4477	the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>undefined</code>. See <a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4478	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
				4479	text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
				4480	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4481
				4482	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
				4483	<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4484	take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
				4485	href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4486
				4487	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
				4488	or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
				4489	offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested
				4490	by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
				4491	command, for example, suppose the file <code>image.png</code> has dimensions
				4492	200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>
				4493	is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
				4494	<code>Center</code>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point
				4495	(100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving
				4496	(100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at
				4497	that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
				4498	region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
				4499	coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				4500
				4501	<pre>
				4502	convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
				4503	-negate output.png
				4504	</pre>
				4505
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4506	<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
				4507	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4508	within the composite.</p>
				4509
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4510	<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
				4511	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4512	within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
				4513
				4514
				4515	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4516	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
				4517	</div>
				4518
				4519	<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
				4520
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4521	<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4522	convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
				4523
				4524	<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
				4525
				4526	<pre>
				4527	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
				4528	</pre>
				4529
				4530	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4531
				4532	<pre>
				4533	convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
				4534	</pre>
				4535
				4536	<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
				4537
				4538	<pre>
				4539	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
				4540	</pre>
				4541
				4542	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4543
				4544	<pre>
				4545	convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
				4546	</pre>
				4547
				4548	<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
				4549	regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
				4550	intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
				4551	using. </p>
				4552
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4553	<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
				4554	it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4555	will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
				4556
				4557
				4558	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4559	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				4560	</div>
				4561
				4562	<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
				4563
				4564
				4565	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4566	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
				4567	</div>
				4568
				4569	<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
				4570
				4571	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				4572	dimensions. Create it with the <code>HALD:</code> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				4573	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				4574	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				4575
				4576	<pre>
				4577	convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
				4578	</pre>
				4579
				4580	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				4581	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				4582	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				4583
				4584	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				4585	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4586	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				4587	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4588	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				4589
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4590	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4591	of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler grayscale
				4592	image. E.g: grayscale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4593	mapping. </p>
				4594
				4595
				4596	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4597	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
				4598	</div>
				4599
				4600	<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
				4601
				4602	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4603	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				4604	</div>
				4605
				4606	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				4607
				4608	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4609	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
				4610	</div>
				4611
				4612	<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
				4613
				4614	<p>Use the Hough line detector with any binary edge extracted image to locate and draw any straight lines that it finds.</p>
				4615
				4616	<p>The process accumulates counts for every white pixel in the binary edge image for every possible orientation (for angles from 0 to 179 in 1 deg increments) and distance from the center of the image to the corners (in 1 px increments). It stores the counts in an accumulator matrix of angle vs distance. The size of the accumulator will be 180x(diagonal/2). Next it searches the accumulator for peaks in counts and converts the locations of the peaks to slope and intercept in the normal x,y input image space. The algorithm uses slope/intercepts to find the endpoints clipped to the bounds of the image. The lines are drawn from the given endpoints. The counts are a measure of the length of the lines.</p>.
				4617
				4618	<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
				4619
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4620	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4621
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4622	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4623
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4624	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4625
				4626	<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
				4627
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4628	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4629
				4630	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4631	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4632	</div>
				4633
				4634	<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
				4635
				4636	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same
				4637	manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
				4638	handle negative offsets.</p>
				4639
				4640	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4641
				4642	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4643	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
				4644	</div>
				4645
				4646	<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
				4647
				4648	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4649	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
				4650	</div>
				4651
				4652	<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
				4653
				4654	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
				4655	the image class (<var>DirectClass</var> or <var>PseudoClass</var>); the total number of unique colors; and the
				4656	number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> for
				4657	a description of the image class.</p>
				4658
				4659	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4660	in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4661	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html">color
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4662	reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				4663
				4664	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
				4665	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				4666	image histogram, and others.</p>
				4667
				4668	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4669	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
				4670	</div>
				4671
				4672	<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				4673
				4674	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				4675	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
				4676	images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4677	domain. See for example, <a
				4678	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4679	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
				4680	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
				4681
				4682	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
				4683	the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				4684
				4685	<pre>
				4686	convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4687	</pre>
				4688
				4689	<p>or</p>
				4690
				4691	<pre>
				4692	convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4693	</pre>
				4694
				4695	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4696	the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
				4697	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4698	the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
				4699
				4700	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				4701	use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
				4702
				4703	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real
				4704	and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
				4705	(spatial) domain.</p>
				4706
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4707	<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4708
				4709	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4710	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
				4711	</div>
				4712
				4713	<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
				4714
				4715	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4716	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
				4717	</div>
				4718
				4719	<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
				4720
				4721	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4722	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
				4723	</div>
				4724
				4725	<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
				4726
				4727	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it
				4728	at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is
				4729	calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such
				4730	<code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				4731
				4732	<p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
				4733	other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence.
				4734	Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				4735
				4736	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4737	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
				4738	</div>
				4739
				4740	<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
				4741
				4742	<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
				4743	operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
				4744	an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
				4745	<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
				4746	converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
				4747
				4748	<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
				4749	the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
				4750	being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
				4751
				4752	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4753	<dt>Rec601Luma</dt><dd> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
				4754	<dt>Rec601Luminance</dt><dd> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
				4755	<dt>Rec709Luma</dt><dd> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
				4756	<dt>Rec709Luminance</dt><dd> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
				4757	<dt>Brightness</dt><dd> max(R', G', B')</dd>
				4758	<dt>Lightness</dt><dd> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
				4759	</dl>
				4760
				4761	<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
				4762	R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
				4763
				4764	<p>These intensity methods are mathematical in nature and will use the
				4765	current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
				4766	what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
				4767
				4768	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4769	<dt>Average</dt><dd>(R + G + B) / 3.0</dd>
				4770	<dt>MS</dt><dd>(R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0</dd>
				4771	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
				4772	</dl>
				4773
				4774	<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4775	grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				4776	>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4777
				4778	<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
				4779	error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
				4780	example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4781	difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
				4782	href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4783
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4784	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
				4785	grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
				4786	href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4787
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4788	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4789	the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
				4790	appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
				4791	function.</p>
				4792
				4793	<p>To print a complete list of possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
				4794
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4795	<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4796
				4797	<pre>
				4798	-adaptive-blur
				4799	-adaptive-sharpen
				4800	-black-threshold
				4801	-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
				4802	-colors for gray colorspace
				4803	-compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
				4804	-contrast-stretch
				4805	-distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
				4806	-normalize
				4807	-random-threshold
				4808	-selective-blur
				4809	-shade
				4810	-threshold
				4811	-tint
				4812	-white-threshold
				4813	</pre>
				4814
				4815	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4816	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
				4817	</div>
				4818
				4819	<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
				4820
				4821	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see
				4822	<a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolute,
				4823	Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</code>.</p>
				4824
				4825	<p>The default intent is Perceptual for the sRGB colorspace and undefined for the RGB and gray colorspaces.</p>
				4826
				4827	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				4828
				4829	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4830	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
				4831	</div>
				4832
				4833	<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
				4834
				4835	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4836
				4837	<pre>
				4838	none
				4839	line
				4840	plane
				4841	partition
				4842	JPEG
				4843	GIF
				4844	PNG
				4845	</pre>
				4846
				4847	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
				4848	formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
				4849
				4850	<p><code>None</code> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				4851
				4852	<p><code>Line</code> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				4853
				4854	<p><code>Plane</code> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				4855
				4856	<p><code>Partition</code> is like plane except the different planes are saved to
				4857	individual files (e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</p>
				4858
				4859	<p>Use <code>Line</code> or <code>Plane</code> to create an <code>interlaced
				4860	PNG</code> or <code>GIF</code> or <code>progressive JPEG</code> image.</p>
				4861
				4862	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				4863	interlace</a>.</p>
				4864
				4865	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4866	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
				4867	</div>
				4868
				4869	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
				4870
				4871	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
				4872	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				4873	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				4874	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				4875	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				4876
				4877	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4878	<dt>integer</dt>
				4879	<dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
				4880	<dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
				4881	<dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
				4882	<dt>average</dt>
				4883	<dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
				4884	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				4885	<dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
				4886	<dt>mesh</dt>
				4887	<dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
				4888	<dt>bicubic</dt>
				4889	<dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
				4890	<dt>spline</dt>
				4891	<dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
				4892	<dt>filter</dt>
				4893	<dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
				4894	</dl>
				4895
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4896	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				4897	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
				4898	>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4899
				4900	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				4901
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4902	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4903	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				4904
				4905
				4906	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4907	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4908	</div>
				4909
				4910	<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
				4911
				4912	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4913	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4914	</div>
				4915
				4916	<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
				4917
				4918	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4919	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
				4920	</div>
				4921
				4922	<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
				4923
				4924	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4925	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4926	</div>
				4927
				4928	<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
				4929
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4930	<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4931
				4932
				4933	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4934	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
				4935	</div>
				4936
				4937	<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
				4938
				4939	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4940	or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4941	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				4942	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
				4943
				4944	<p>When saving an image to a <var>PostScript</var> file, any label
				4945	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				4946	image. </p>
				4947
				4948	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				4949	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4950	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
				4951
				4952	<p>For example,</p>
				4953
				4954	<pre>
				4955	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				4956	</pre>
				4957
				4958	<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
				4959	"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				4960	is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				4961	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				4962	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
				4963
				4964	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				4965	via <var>Label</var> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				4966	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				4967	during the final processing in the creation of an image montage.</p>
				4968
				4969	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				4970	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				4971	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				4972
				4973
				4974	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4975	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4976	</div>
				4977
				4978	<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
				4979
				4980	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				4981	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				4982	the optional <code>offset</code>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				4983	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				4984	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				4985	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				4986
				4987	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				4988	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				4989	the local background color, from which to separate the foreground color. </p>
				4990
				4991
				4992	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4993	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
				4994	</div>
				4995
				4996	<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
				4997
				4998	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				4999	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				5000	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				5001
				5002	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				5003	<tbody>
				5004	<tr>
				5005	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5006	<th>Description</th>
				5007	</tr>
				5008
				5009	<tr>
				5010	<td>compare-any</td>
				5011	<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5012	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				5013	href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5014	</tr>
				5015
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5016	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5017	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5018	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				5019	'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
				5020	</tr>
				5021
				5022	<tr>
				5023	<td>compare-clear</td>
				5024	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
				5025	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				5026	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				5027	</tr>
				5028
				5029	<tr>
				5030	<td>compare-overlay</td>
				5031	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
				5032	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				5033	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				5034	</tr>
				5035
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5036	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5037	composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
				5038	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				5039	</tr>
				5040
				5041	<tr>
				5042	<td>coalesce</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5043	<td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
				5044	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5045	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				5046	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				5047	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				5048	</tr>
				5049
				5050	<tr>
				5051	<td>composite</td>
				5052	<td>Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				5053	"<code>null:</code>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				5054	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				5055	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				5056	image lists are removed. </td>
				5057	</tr>
				5058
				5059
				5060	<tr><td></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5061	<td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				5062	to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				5063	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
				5064	href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5065	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
				5066
				5067	<tr><td></td>
				5068	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
				5069	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				5070	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				5071	preserved. </td>
				5072	</tr>
				5073
				5074
				5075	<tr>
				5076	<td>dispose</td>
				5077	<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
				5078	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				5079	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5080	results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
				5081	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5082	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				5083	</td>
				5084	</tr>
				5085
				5086	<tr>
				5087	<td>flatten</td>
				5088	<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5089	canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
				5090	and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5091	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				5092	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				5093	</tr>
				5094
				5095	<tr><td></td>
				5096	<td>This usually used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
				5097	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				5098	</tr>
				5099
				5100	<tr><td></td>
				5101	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
				5102	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay an opaque color to remove
				5103	transparency from an image.</td>
				5104	</tr>
				5105
				5106
				5107	<tr>
				5108	<td>merge</td>
				5109	<td>As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				5110	layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
				5111	image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
				5112	will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				5113	negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				5114	</td>
				5115	</tr>
				5116
				5117	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
				5118	negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5119	Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5120	will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
				5121	overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
				5122	not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
				5123	</td>
				5124	</tr>
				5125
				5126	<tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
				5127	without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
				5128	</tr>
				5129
				5130	<tr>
				5131	<td>mosaic</td>
				5132	<td>As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				5133	of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
				5134	image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
				5135	by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
				5136	become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
				5137	if this could be a problem. </td>
				5138
				5139	</tr>
				5140
				5141	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
				5142	using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
				5143	resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
				5144	can be saved to any image file format. </td>
				5145	</tr>
				5146
				5147
				5148	<tr>
				5149	<td>optimize</td>
				5150	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				5151	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				5152	apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
				5153	'<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
				5154	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				5155	</tr>
				5156
				5157	<tr>
				5158	<td>optimize-frame</td>
				5159	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				5160	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				5161	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				5162	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				5163	</tr>
				5164
				5165	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
				5166	But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				5167	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				5168	optimizers seen. </td>
				5169	</tr>
				5170
				5171	<tr>
				5172	<td>optimize-plus</td>
				5173	<td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
				5174	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				5175	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				5176	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				5177	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				5178	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				5179	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				5180	'<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
				5181	</tr>
				5182
				5183	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
				5184	style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
				5185	though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
				5186	better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
				5187	animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
				5188	animation size. </td>
				5189	</tr>
				5190
				5191	<tr>
				5192	<td>optimize-transparency</td>
				5193	<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				5194	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5195	animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5196	</td>
				5197	</tr>
				5198
				5199	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
				5200	to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
				5201	(transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
				5202	the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				5203	</tr>
				5204
				5205	<tr>
				5206	<td>remove-dups</td>
				5207	<td>Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				5208	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				5209	</td>
				5210	</tr>
				5211
				5212	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
				5213	across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
				5214	smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
				5215	used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				5216	</tr>
				5217
				5218	<tr>
				5219	<td>remove-zero</td>
				5220	<td>Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				5221	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				5222	warning is then issued). </td>
				5223	</tr>
				5224
				5225	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
				5226	provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
				5227	actually displayed to users. These frames are usually added for
				5228	improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				5229	</tr>
				5230
				5231	<tr>
				5232	<td>trim-bounds</td>
				5233	<td>Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				5234	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				5235	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
				5236	merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
				5237	All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
				5238	a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
				5239	each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
				5240	will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
				5241	edges however may be transparent. </td>
				5242	</tr>
				5243
				5244	<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5245	<a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5246	have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
				5247	'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
				5248	</tr>
				5249
				5250	</tbody>
				5251	</table>
				5252
				5253	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				5254
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5255	<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5256	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
				5257	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
				5258	the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
				5259	>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
				5260	GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5261	settings. </p>
				5262
				5263
				5264	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5265	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
				5266	</div>
				5267
				5268	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
				5269
				5270	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				5271	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				5272	white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
				5273	100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
				5274	If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5275	points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
				5276	href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5277	default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				5278
				5279	<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
				5280	the given '<code>black_point</code>' value in the original image is set to zero
				5281	(or black), while the given '<code>white_point</code>' value is set to <var>QuantumRange</var> (or white). This provides you with direct
				5282	contrast adjustments to the image. The '<code>gamma</code>' of the resulting
				5283	image will then be adjusted. </p>
				5284
				5285	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
				5286	(<code>+level</code>) or adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument
				5287	list, will cause the operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That
				5288	is a zero, or <var>QuantumRange</var> value (black, and white, resp.)
				5289	in the original image, is adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to
				5290	de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
				5291	'<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
				5292	image is made. </p>
				5293
				5294	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				5295	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				5296	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				5297
				5298	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5299	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5300
				5301
				5302	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5303	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
				5304	</div>
				5305
				5306	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
				5307
				5308	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that the
				5309	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				5310	'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
				5311	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				5312
				5313	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
				5314	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
				5315	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
				5316	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
				5317
				5318	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
				5319	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
				5320	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5321	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain grayscale image into a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5322	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				5323
				5324	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				5325	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
				5326	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
				5327	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				5328	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				5329	color (+ form). </p>
				5330
				5331
				5332	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5333	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
				5334	</div>
				5335
				5336	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
				5337
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5338	<p>Choose from: <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>area</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>, <code>thread</code>, <code>throttle</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5339
				5340	<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
				5341	in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
				5342	with SI prefixes (.e.g 100MB).</p>
				5343
				5344	<p>By default the limits are 768 files, 3GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 3GiB
				5345	memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the
				5346	available resources on your computer if this information is available. When
				5347	any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take
				5348	compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
				5349	memory:</p>
				5350
				5351	<pre>
				5352	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
				5353	</pre>
				5354
				5355	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				5356
				5357	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5358	-> identify -list resource
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5359	Resource limits:
				5360	Width: 100MP
				5361	Height: 100MP
				5362	Area: 25.181GB
				5363	Memory: 11.726GiB
				5364	Map: 23.452GiB
				5365	Disk: unlimited
				5366	File: 768
				5367	Thread: 12
				5368	Throttle: 0
				5369	Time: unlimited
				5370	</pre>
				5371
				5372	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
				5373	of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5374	disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5375	and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
				5376	allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
				5377	request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
				5378	<code>area</code> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				5379
				5380	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical
				5381	image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in
				5382	memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the
				5383	<code>memory</code> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If
				5384	a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file
				5385	is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
				5386	<code>map</code> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if
				5387	the resource request exceeds the <code>area</code> limit, the pixels are
				5388	automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program
				5389	fails.</p>
				5390
				5391	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource
				5392	limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax
				5393	your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process
				5394	images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all
				5395	or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows
				5396	other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under
				5397	these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick
				5398	workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For
				5399	example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from
				5400	the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
				5401	simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
				5402
				5403	<pre>
				5404	-limit area 10MB
				5405	</pre>
				5406
				5407	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
				5408	cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
				5409	typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can
				5410	be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users
				5411	might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
				5412	limit as well:</p>
				5413
				5414	<pre>
				5415	-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
				5416	</pre>
				5417
				5418	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				5419
				5420	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5421	with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5422	environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
				5423	<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
				5424	<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
				5425	<code>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</code> for limits of
				5426	image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads
				5427	of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				5428
				5429	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
				5430	their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the
				5431	pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how
				5432	resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output
				5433	through <code>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</code> for more readable sifting.
				5434	</p>
				5435
				5436	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5437	Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
				5438	">Architecture</a> page. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5439
				5440	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5441	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5442	</div>
				5443
				5444	<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
				5445
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5446	<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5447	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5448	be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
				5449	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5450
				5451	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				5452	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				5453	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				5454
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5455	<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5456	'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
				5457	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				5458
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5459	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5460	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				5461
				5462	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5463
				5464
				5465	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5466	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
				5467	</div>
				5468
				5469	<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
				5470
				5471	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5472	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5473	</div>
				5474
				5475	<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
				5476
				5477	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5478
				5479	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5480	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
				5481	</div>
				5482
				5483	<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
				5484
				5485	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5486	Align
				5487	Alpha
				5488	Boolean
				5489	Cache
				5490	Channel
				5491	Class
				5492	ClipPath
				5493	Coder
				5494	Color
				5495	Colorspace
				5496	Command
				5497	Complex
				5498	Compose
				5499	Compress
				5500	Configure
				5501	DataType
				5502	Debug
				5503	Decoration
				5504	Delegate
				5505	Direction
				5506	Dispose
				5507	Distort
				5508	Dither
				5509	Endian
				5510	Evaluate
				5511	FillRule
				5512	Filter
				5513	Font
				5514	Format
				5515	Function
				5516	Gravity
				5517	Intensity
				5518	Intent
				5519	Interlace
				5520	Interpolate
				5521	Kernel
				5522	Layers
				5523	LineCap
				5524	LineJoin
				5525	List
				5526	Locale
				5527	LogEvent
				5528	Log
				5529	Magic
				5530	Method
				5531	Metric
				5532	Mime
				5533	Mode
				5534	Morphology
				5535	Module
				5536	Noise
				5537	Orientation
				5538	PixelIntensity
				5539	Policy
				5540	PolicyDomain
				5541	PolicyRights
				5542	Preview
				5543	Primitive
				5544	QuantumFormat
				5545	Resource
				5546	SparseColor
				5547	Statistic
				5548	Storage
				5549	Stretch
				5550	Style
				5551	Threshold
				5552	Type
				5553	Units
				5554	Validate
				5555	VirtualPixel
				5556	</pre>
				5557
				5558	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
				5559	list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
				5560	available:</p>
				5561
				5562	<pre>
				5563	identify -list list
				5564	</pre>
				5565
				5566	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5567	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
				5568	</div>
				5569
				5570	<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
				5571
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5572	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				5573	href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5574
				5575	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				5576	characters:</p>
				5577
				5578	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5579	<dt>%d</dt><dd>domain</dd>
				5580	<dt>%e</dt><dd>event</dd>
				5581	<dt>%f</dt><dd>function</dd>
				5582	<dt>%l</dt><dd>line</dd>
				5583	<dt>%m</dt><dd>module</dd>
				5584	<dt>%p</dt><dd>process ID</dd>
				5585	<dt>%r</dt><dd>real CPU time</dd>
				5586	<dt>%t</dt><dd>wall clock time</dd>
				5587	<dt>%u</dt><dd>user CPU time</dd>
				5588	<dt>%%</dt><dd>percent sign</dd>
				5589	<dt>\n</dt><dd>newline</dd>
				5590	<dt>\r</dt><dd>carriage return</dd>
				5591	</dl>
				5592
				5593	<p>For example:</p>
				5594
				5595	<pre>
				5596	convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
				5597	</pre>
				5598
				5599	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				5600
				5601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
				5603	</div>
				5604
				5605	<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
				5606
				5607	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				5608	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <var>iterations</var>
				5609	times.</p>
				5610
				5611	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5612	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				5613	</div>
				5614
				5615	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				5616
				5617	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5618	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
				5619	</div>
				5620
				5621	<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
				5622
				5623
				5624	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5625	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
				5626	</div>
				5627
				5628	<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
				5629
				5630	<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
				5631
				5632	<pre>
				5633	best
				5634	default
				5635	gray
				5636	red
				5637	green
				5638	blue
				5639	</pre>
				5640
				5641	<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
				5642	Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
				5643	the type and <code>display</code> searches the list of colormap types in
				5644	<code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
				5645
				5646
				5647	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5648	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
				5649	</div>
				5650
				5651	<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
				5652
				5653	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				5654
				5655	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5656	<dt>r</dt><dd> red pixel component</dd>
				5657	<dt>g</dt><dd> green pixel component</dd>
				5658	<dt>b</dt><dd> blue pixel component</dd>
				5659	<dt>a</dt><dd> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
				5660	<dt>o</dt><dd> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
				5661	<dt>i</dt><dd> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
				5662	<dt>c</dt><dd> cyan pixel component</dd>
				5663	<dt>m</dt><dd> magenta pixel component</dd>
				5664	<dt>y</dt><dd> yellow pixel component</dd>
				5665	<dt>k</dt><dd> black pixel component</dd>
				5666	<dt>p</dt><dd> pad component (always 0)</dd>
				5667	</dl>
				5668
				5669	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				5670	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				5671
				5672
				5673	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5674	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
				5675	</div>
				5676
				5677	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				5678
				5679	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5680
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5681	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				5682	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5683
				5684	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5685	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
				5686	</div>
				5687
				5688	<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5689
				5690	<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5691
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5692	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5693	name. </p>
				5694
				5695	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5696	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5697	</div>
				5698
				5699	<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
				5700
				5701	<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5702
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5703	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5704	name. </p>
				5705
				5706	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5707	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5708	</div>
				5709
				5710	<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
				5711
				5712	<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
				5713
				5714	<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
				5715
				5716	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5717	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
				5718	</div>
				5719
				5720	<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
				5721
				5722	<p>Choose from:</p>
				5723
				5724	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5725	<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
				5726	<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
				5727	<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
				5728	<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
				5729	<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
				5730	<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
				5731	<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5732	<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash for the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. Specify an alternative colorspace with <code>-define phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></code></dd>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5733	<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
				5734	<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
				5735	</dl>
				5736
				5737	<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5738	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5739	only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5740	size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5741	'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
				5742	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
				5743
				5744	<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
				5745	('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
				5746	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
				5747
				5748	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				5749	metric</a> option.</p>
				5750
				5751
				5752	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5753	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
				5754	</div>
				5755
				5756	<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5757
				5758	<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5759
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5760	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5761	name. </p>
				5762
				5763
				5764
				5765	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5766	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5767	</div>
				5768
				5769	<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
				5770
				5771	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5772	<h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
				5773	</div>
				5774
				5775	<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
				5776
				5777	<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
				5778	Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
				5779
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5780	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
				5781	for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5782	ImageMagick installation.</p>
				5783
				5784
				5785	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5786	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
				5787	</div>
				5788
				5789	<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
				5790
				5791	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				5792	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
				5793
				5794	<p>The <var>brightness</var> is a multiplier of the overall
				5795	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				5796	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the image
				5797	before and after. </p>
				5798
				5799	<p>The <var>saturation</var> controls the amount of color in an
				5800	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				5801	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
				5802
				5803	<p>The <var>hue</var> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				5804	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				5805	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				5806	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				5807	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				5808	the original image. </p>
				5809
				5810	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5811	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				5812	href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5813
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5814	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
				5815	>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5816	modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
				5817
				5818	<pre>
				5819	convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
				5820	</pre>
				5821
				5822	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5823	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
				5824	</div>
				5825
				5826	<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
				5827
				5828
				5829	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5830	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
				5831	</div>
				5832
				5833	<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
				5834
				5835
				5836	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5837	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
				5838	</div>
				5839
				5840	<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
				5841
				5842	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5843	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
				5844	</div>
				5845
				5846	<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
				5847
				5848	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				5849	appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5850	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				5851	href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5852	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				5853
				5854
				5855	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5856	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
				5857	<h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
				5858	</div>
				5859
				5860	<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
				5861
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5862	<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5863	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5864	Morphology</a>. </p>
				5865
				5866
				5867	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5868	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
				5869	</div>
				5870
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5871	<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5872
				5873
				5874	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5875	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5876	</div>
				5877
				5878	<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
				5879
				5880	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				5881	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				5882	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5883
				5884	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
				5885	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
				5886
				5887	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				5888	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				5889	</p>
				5890
				5891	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5892	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
				5893	</div>
				5894
				5895	<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
				5896	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5897	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
				5898	</div>
				5899
				5900	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
				5901
				5902	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes
				5903	black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
				5904	negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				5905
				5906	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5907	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5908	+noise <var>type</var></h3>
				5909	</div>
				5910
				5911	<p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
				5912
				5913	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
				5914	objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
				5915	undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel
				5916	with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been
				5917	found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is
				5918	a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				5919
				5920	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
				5921	specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5922	to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5923	which should be used in preference.</p>
				5924
				5925	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
				5926	types:</p>
				5927
				5928	<pre>
				5929	Gaussian
				5930	Impulse
				5931	Laplacian
				5932	Multiplicative
				5933	Poisson
				5934	Random
				5935	Uniform
				5936	</pre>
				5937
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5938	<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
				5939	href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5940	equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
				5941
				5942	<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
				5943
				5944	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				5945
				5946	<p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allows
				5947	the use of a controlling value to specify the amount of noise that should be
				5948	added to an image. </p>
				5949
				5950
				5951	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5952	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
				5953	</div>
				5954
				5955	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				5956
				5957	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				5958	values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
				5959	white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
				5960
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5961	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				5962	is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				5963	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				5964	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5965
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5966	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5967	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				5968	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5969	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				5970
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5971	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
				5972	Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5973	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
				5974
				5975	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5976
				5977
				5978	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5979	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
				5980	</div>
				5981
				5982	<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
				5983
				5984	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5985	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				5986	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5987	given.</p>
				5988
				5989	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				5990	the target color. </p>
				5991
				5992	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5993	as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5994	transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				5995	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5996	channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
				5997	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				5998	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5999
				6000
				6001	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6002	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
				6003	</div>
				6004
				6005	<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				6006	given number of <var>levels</var> per color channel.</p>
				6007
				6008	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				6009
				6010	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6011	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				6012	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				6013	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				6014	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				6015	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				6016	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				6017	h3x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				6018	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				6019	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				6020	h3x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				6021	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				6022	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				6023	h36x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				6024	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				6025	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				6026	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				6027	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				6028	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				6029	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
				6030	</pre>
				6031
				6032	<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6033	This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
				6034	href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6035	</p>
				6036
				6037	<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
				6038	pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
				6039	white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
				6040	</p>
				6041
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6042	<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6043	dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6044	<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6045	for more details of configuration files. </p>
				6046
				6047	<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6048	<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6049
				6050	<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
				6051	color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
				6052	channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
				6053	simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
				6054	circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
				6055	on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
				6056	looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
				6057	after being created. </p>
				6058
				6059
				6060	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6061	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
				6062	</div>
				6063
				6064	<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
				6065
				6066	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				6067
				6068	<pre>
				6069	bottom-left right-top
				6070	bottom-right top-left
				6071	left-bottom top-right
				6072	left-top undefined
				6073	right-bottom
				6074	</pre>
				6075
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6076	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6077	orientation</a> option.</p>
				6078
				6079
				6080	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6081	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
				6082	-page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6083	+page
				6084	</h3>
				6085	</div>
				6086
				6087	<p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</p>
				6088
				6089	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6090
				6091	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6092	<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
				6093	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6094
				6095	<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
				6096	The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				6097
				6098	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6099	<dt> 11x17 </dt> <dd> 792 x 1224</dd>
				6100	<dt> Ledger </dt> <dd> 1224 x 792</dd>
				6101	<dt> Legal </dt> <dd> 612 x 1008</dd>
				6102	<dt> Letter </dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6103	<dt> LetterSmall</dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6104	<dt> ArchE </dt> <dd> 2592 x 3456</dd>
				6105	<dt> ArchD </dt> <dd> 1728 x 2592</dd>
				6106	<dt> ArchC </dt> <dd> 1296 x 1728</dd>
				6107	<dt> ArchB </dt> <dd> 864 x 1296</dd>
				6108	<dt> ArchA </dt> <dd> 648 x 864</dd>
				6109	<dt> A0 </dt> <dd> 2380 x 3368</dd>
				6110	<dt> A1 </dt> <dd> 1684 x 2380</dd>
				6111	<dt> A2 </dt> <dd> 1190 x 1684</dd>
				6112	<dt> A3 </dt> <dd> 842 x 1190</dd>
				6113	<dt> A4 </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6114	<dt> A4Small </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6115	<dt> A5 </dt> <dd> 421 x 595</dd>
				6116	<dt> A6 </dt> <dd> 297 x 421</dd>
				6117	<dt> A7 </dt> <dd> 210 x 297</dd>
				6118	<dt> A8 </dt> <dd> 148 x 210</dd>
				6119	<dt> A9 </dt> <dd> 105 x 148</dd>
				6120	<dt> A10 </dt> <dd> 74 x 105</dd>
				6121	<dt> B0 </dt> <dd> 2836 x 4008</dd>
				6122	<dt> B1 </dt> <dd> 2004 x 2836</dd>
				6123	<dt> B2 </dt> <dd> 1418 x 2004</dd>
				6124	<dt> B3 </dt> <dd> 1002 x 1418</dd>
				6125	<dt> B4 </dt> <dd> 709 x 1002</dd>
				6126	<dt> B5 </dt> <dd> 501 x 709</dd>
				6127	<dt> C0 </dt> <dd> 2600 x 3677</dd>
				6128	<dt> C1 </dt> <dd> 1837 x 2600</dd>
				6129	<dt> C2 </dt> <dd> 1298 x 1837</dd>
				6130	<dt> C3 </dt> <dd> 918 x 1298</dd>
				6131	<dt> C4 </dt> <dd> 649 x 918</dd>
				6132	<dt> C5 </dt> <dd> 459 x 649</dd>
				6133	<dt> C6 </dt> <dd> 323 x 459</dd>
				6134	<dt> Flsa </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6135	<dt> Flse </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6136	<dt> HalfLetter </dt> <dd> 396 x 612</dd>
				6137	</dl>
				6138
				6139	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
				6140	format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
				6141	purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas
				6142	and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
				6143	position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG
				6144	file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in
				6145	the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values
				6146	that are written in the <code>MHDR</code> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and
				6147	height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the
				6148	sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
				6149	determine its dimensions.</p>
				6150
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6151	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
				6152	href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
				6153	left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
				6154	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6155	page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
				6156	page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
				6157	corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				6158	present with a value other than <var>NorthWest</var>.</p>
				6159
				6160	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				6161
				6162	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
				6163
				6164	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				6165
				6166	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6167	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
				6168	</div>
				6169
				6170	<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
				6171
				6172	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular
				6173	neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
				6174
				6175	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6176	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
				6177
				6178	<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
				6179
				6180	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6181	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6182	</div>
				6183
				6184	<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
				6185
				6186	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				6187
				6188	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6189	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6190	</div>
				6191
				6192	<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
				6193
				6194	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				6195
				6196	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6197	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
				6198	</div>
				6199
				6200	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than \|<var>epsilon</var>\| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				6201
				6202	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6203	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
				6204	</div>
				6205
				6206	<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
				6207
				6208	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6209	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
				6210	</div>
				6211
				6212	<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
				6213
				6214	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6215	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
				6216	</div>
				6217
				6218	<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
				6219
				6220	<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				6221
				6222	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6223	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
				6224	</div>
				6225
				6226	<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
				6227
				6228	<p> The weights should typically be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 to avoid clamping in non-hdri mode at black and white.</p>
				6229
				6230	<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
				6231
				6232	<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1image1^exp1 + wt2image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
				6233
				6234	<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
				6235	<ul>
				6236	<li>A weighted sum of each image provided all weights add to unity and all exponents=1. If the the weights are all equal to 1/(number of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-sequence</a> <var>mean</var>.</li>
				6237	<li>The sum of squares of two or more images, provided the weights are equal (and sum to 1 to avoid clamping) and the exponents equal 2.</li>
				6238	</ul>
				6239
				6240	<p>Note that one may add a constant color to the expression simply by using xc:somecolor for one of the images and specifying the desired weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6241
				6242	<p>Similarly one may add white to the expression by simply using null: (or xc:white) for one of the images with the appropriate weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6243
				6244
				6245	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6246	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
				6247	</div>
				6248
				6249	<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
				6250
				6251	<p>Very low values of <var>levels</var>, e.g., 2, 3, 4, have the most
				6252	visible effect.</p>
				6253
				6254	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6255	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
				6256	</div>
				6257
				6258	<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
				6259
				6260	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6261	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
				6262	</div>
				6263
				6264	<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
				6265
				6266	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
				6267	<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
				6268	these previews:</p>
				6269
				6270	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6271	AddNoise
				6272	Blur
				6273	Brightness
				6274	Charcoal
				6275	Despeckle
				6276	Dull
				6277	EdgeDetect
				6278	Gamma
				6279	Grayscale
				6280	Hue
				6281	Implode
				6282	JPEG
				6283	OilPaint
				6284	Quantize
				6285	Raise
				6286	ReduceNoise
				6287	Roll
				6288	Rotate
				6289	Saturation
				6290	Segment
				6291	Shade
				6292	Sharpen
				6293	Shear
				6294	Solarize
				6295	Spiff
				6296	Spread
				6297	Swirl
				6298	Threshold
				6299	Wave
				6300	</pre>
				6301
				6302	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				6303
				6304	<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
				6305
				6306	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6307	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
				6308	</div>
				6309
				6310	<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
				6311
				6312	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6313	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
				6314	</div>
				6315
				6316	<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
				6317
				6318	<p>The command arguments has the form <code>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ...
				6319	argN"</code> where <code>module</code> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g.
				6320	"Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
				6321	pass to the process module.</p>
				6322
				6323	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6324	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6325	+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
				6326	</div>
				6327
				6328	<p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
				6329
				6330	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
				6331	ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile
				6332	to the image.</p>
				6333
				6334	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
				6335	remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so
				6336	wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we
				6337	remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <code>+profile
				6338	"!xmp,*"</code>. </p>
				6339
				6340	<p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
				6341	image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
				6342	comments).</p>
				6343
				6344	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
				6345	used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <var>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</var> or <var>IPTC</var>.</p>
				6346
				6347	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
				6348	<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
				6349
				6350	<pre>
				6351	convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
				6352	</pre>
				6353
				6354	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6355	original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
				6356	href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6357	therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
				6358	command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
				6359	CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				6360
				6361	<pre>
				6362	convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
				6363	</pre>
				6364
				6365	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
				6366	conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
				6367	asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				6368	</p>
				6369
				6370	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6371	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
				6372	</div>
				6373
				6374	<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
				6375
				6376	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
				6377	highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
				6378	The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
				6379	be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
				6380	chroma channels are not downsampled.
				6381	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
				6382	factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
				6383
				6384	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
				6385	equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
				6386	non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
				6387	the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
				6388	compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
				6389
				6390	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
				6391	compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
				6392	PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
				6393	filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
				6394	compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
				6395
				6396	<p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
				6397	strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst
				6398	compression.</p>
				6399
				6400	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
				6401	all scanlines:</p>
				6402
				6403	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6404	<dt>0</dt><dd>none</dd>
				6405	<dt>1</dt><dd>sub</dd>
				6406	<dt>2</dt><dd>up</dd>
				6407	<dt>3</dt><dd>average</dd>
				6408	<dt>4</dt><dd>Paeth</dd>
				6409	</dl>
				6410
				6411	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
				6412	than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
				6413	used.</p>
				6414
				6415	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
				6416	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
				6417
				6418	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
				6419	transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
				6420	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
				6421
				6422	<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6423	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6424	adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
				6425
				6426	<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6427	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6428	no PNG filtering.</p>
				6429
				6430	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
				6431	and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6432
				6433	<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
				6434	can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
				6435	you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
				6436	PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
				6437	See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
				6438	over values from the -quality option.</p>
				6439
				6440	<p>For further information, see
				6441	the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				6442
				6443	<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6444
				6445	<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
				6446
				6447	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6448	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
				6449	</div>
				6450
				6451	<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
				6452
				6453	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6454	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				6455	href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6456	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				6457	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
				6458
				6459
				6460	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6461	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
				6462	</div>
				6463
				6464	<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
				6465
				6466	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6467	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
				6468	</div>
				6469
				6470	<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
				6471
				6472	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				6473	such actually mis-named. </p>
				6474
				6475	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				6476	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				6477	</p>
				6478
				6479
				6480	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6481	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
				6482	</div>
				6483
				6484	<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
				6485
				6486	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
				6487	a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
				6488
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6489	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
				6490	href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6491
				6492	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6493	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
				6494	</div>
				6495
				6496	<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
				6497
				6498	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6499	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="read-mask"></a>-read-mask
				6500	<var>filename</var></h3>
				6501	</div>
				6502
				6503	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				6504
				6505	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				6506	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				6507	</p>
				6508
				6509	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">+read-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				6510
				6511	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				6512	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
				6513
				6514	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6515	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				6516	</div>
				6517
				6518	<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
				6519
				6520	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6521	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
				6522	</div>
				6523
				6524	<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
				6525
				6526	<p>This option causes some warnings in some image formats to be treated
				6527	as errors. </p>
				6528
				6529	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6530	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
				6531	</div>
				6532
				6533	<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
				6534
				6535	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				6536	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				6537	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				6538
				6539	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				6540	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				6541	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				6542	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				6543	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				6544
				6545	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				6546	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				6547	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				6548	reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				6549	limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				6550	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				6551
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6552	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				6553	href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6554	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6555	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				6556	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6557	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				6558
				6559	<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
				6560
				6561	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6562	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6563	</div>
				6564
				6565	<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
				6566
				6567	<p>The <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are treated
				6568	in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				6569
				6570	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6571
				6572	<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
				6573
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6574	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6575	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
				6576	</div>
				6577
				6578	<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
				6579
				6580	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				6581
				6582	<p>If you have more than one <a href="display.html">display</a> application
				6583	running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
				6584	specify which application to control.</p>
				6585
				6586	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6587	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
				6588	</div>
				6589
				6590	<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
				6591
				6592	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations.
				6593	This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				6594
				6595	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6596	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6597	</div>
				6598
				6599	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
				6600
				6601	<p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				6602	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				6603	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				6604
				6605	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6606
				6607	<p>If a <code>!</code> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				6608	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				6609	animation sequences. </p>
				6610
				6611	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<code>0x0</code>' forces it to
				6612	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				6613	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				6614
				6615	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				6616	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				6617
				6618	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
				6619	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				6620
				6621
				6622	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6623	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
				6624	</div>
				6625
				6626	<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
				6627
				6628	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original
				6629	at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at
				6630	3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to
				6631	72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
				6632	only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
				6633	storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6634	resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
				6635	href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6636	resample resolution.</p>
				6637
				6638	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
				6639	embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will
				6640	continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image
				6641	resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				6642
				6643	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6644	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6645	</div>
				6646
				6647	<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
				6648
				6649	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6650	ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				6651
				6652	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6653	or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
				6654	href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6655	filter.</p>
				6656
				6657	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
				6658	coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
				6659	correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				6660
				6661	<pre>
				6662	convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
				6663	-quality 92 passport.jpg
				6664	</pre>
				6665
				6666	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6667	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
				6668	</div>
				6669
				6670	<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
				6671
				6672	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6673	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
				6674	</div>
				6675
				6676	<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
				6677
				6678
				6679	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6680	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				6681	</div>
				6682
				6683	<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
				6684
				6685	<p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
				6686	A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
				6687
				6688
				6689	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6690	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
				6691	</div>
				6692
				6693	<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
				6694
				6695	<p>Use <code>></code> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
				6696	height. <code><</code> rotates the image <var>only</var> if its width is less
				6697	than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
				6698	the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is
				6699	640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
				6700	<code><</code>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being
				6701	misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				6702
				6703	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				6704	filled with the <code>background</code> color. </p>
				6705
				6706	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				6707	'<code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>' distort method. </p>
				6708
				6709
				6710	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6711	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6712	</div>
				6713
				6714	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6715
				6716	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				6717	from the image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When
				6718	minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
				6719	over). </p>
				6720
				6721	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6722	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
				6723	neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				6724	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				6725	the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6726
				6727	<p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				6728	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				6729
				6730	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6731	ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
				6732
				6733
				6734	<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
				6735	As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6736	top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
				6737	href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6738	this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
				6739	a percentage offset.</p>
				6740
				6741	<p>By default this value is '<code>50</code>' for the midpoint, but could be set
				6742	to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
				6743	separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
				6744	sampling sub-region.</p>
				6745
				6746
				6747	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6748	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
				6749	</div>
				6750
				6751	<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
				6752
				6753	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
				6754	for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
				6755	its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6756	writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
				6757	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
				6758	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6759	downsampling method.</p>
				6760
				6761	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6762	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6763	</div>
				6764
				6765	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6766
				6767	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				6768	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifying. </p>
				6769
				6770	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6771	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is a lot
				6772	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				6773	completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6774
				6775	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				6776	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels averaged together to
				6777	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				6778	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				6779	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				6780	light conditions. </p>
				6781
				6782
				6783	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6784	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
				6785	</div>
				6786
				6787	<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
				6788
				6789	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				6790
				6791	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6792	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
				6793	</div>
				6794
				6795	<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
				6796
				6797	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
				6798	should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
				6799	window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the
				6800	specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups
				6801	that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				6802
				6803	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6804	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
				6805	</div>
				6806
				6807	<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
				6808
				6809	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6810	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
				6811	</div>
				6812
				6813	<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
				6814
				6815	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
				6816	identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
				6817	is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				6818
				6819	<p>Specify <var>cluster threshold</var> as the number of pixels in
				6820	each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
				6821	<var>Smoothing threshold</var> eliminates noise in the second
				6822	derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect
				6823	a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				6824
				6825	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				6826	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				6827
				6828
				6829	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6830	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6831	</div>
				6832
				6833	<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
				6834
				6835	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in
				6836	contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
				6837
				6838	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6839	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
				6840	</div>
				6841
				6842	<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
				6843
				6844	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6845	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6846	</div>
				6847
				6848	<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
				6849
				6850	<p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				6851
				6852	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect
				6853	achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia
				6854	toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable
				6855	tone.</p>
				6856
				6857
				6858
				6859	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6860	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
				6861	<h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
				6862	</div>
				6863
				6864	<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
				6865
				6866	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				6867	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of the
				6868	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				6869	appropriate. </p>
				6870
				6871	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6872	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				6873	href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				6874	href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6875	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
				6876	the same name. </p>
				6877
				6878	<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
				6879	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6880	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
				6881	>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6882	</p>
				6883
				6884	<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6885	using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
				6886	>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				6887	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6888	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
				6889
				6890	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6891	-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6892	identify -format %c rose.png
				6893	Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
				6894	</pre>
				6895
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6896	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6897	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				6898
				6899	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6900	-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6901	-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
				6902	Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
				6903	</pre>
				6904
				6905	<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
				6906	'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
				6907	'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
				6908
				6909	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				6910	the '<code>page</code>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				6911	see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				6912	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page</a>
				6913	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<code>page</code>'
				6914	attribute. </p>
				6915
				6916	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				6917	For example,</p>
				6918
				6919	<pre>
				6920	convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
				6921	</pre>
				6922
				6923	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				6924	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
				6925	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				6926
				6927	<pre>
				6928	convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
				6929	</pre>
				6930
				6931	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6932	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
				6933	href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6934	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
				6935	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				6936	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				6937
				6938	<pre>
				6939	convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
				6940	label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
				6941	</pre>
				6942
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6943	<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6944	a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
				6945	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
				6946
				6947	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				6948	with <code>registry:</code>.</p>
				6949
				6950	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				6951	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				6952	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
				6953	programming interface:</p>
				6954
				6955	<pre>
				6956	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
				6957	</pre>
				6958
				6959	<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
				6960	<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
				6961	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				6962	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
				6963	be included in the file.</p>
				6964
				6965	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
				6966	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				6967	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
				6968	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
				6969
				6970
				6971	<pre>
				6972	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
				6973	-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
				6974	</pre>
				6975
				6976	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6977	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
				6978	</div>
				6979
				6980	<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
				6981
				6982	<p>Specify <var>azimuth</var> and <var>elevation</var> as
				6983	the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
				6984	the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				6985
				6986	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6987	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				6988	</div>
				6989
				6990	<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
				6991
				6992	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6993	<h3 class="magick-header"><a
				6994	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6995	</div>
				6996
				6997	<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
				6998
				6999	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
				7000	memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support,
				7001	and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
				7002	Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
				7003
				7004	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7005	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7006	</div>
				7007
				7008	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
				7009
				7010	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				7011
				7012	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7013	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7014	</div>
				7015
				7016	<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
				7017
				7018	<p>The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var>
				7019	argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of
				7020	the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom.
				7021	Offsets are ignored.</p>
				7022
				7023	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7024
				7025	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7026	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
				7027	</div>
				7028
				7029	<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
				7030
				7031	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <var>Ydegrees</var> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are
				7032	given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical
				7033	component.</p>
				7034
				7035	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
				7036	horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount
				7037	of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears,
				7038	<var>Xdegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the
				7039	negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to the left when 90°<<var>Xdegrees</var><180°. For vertical shears <var>Ydegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the
				7040	positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°<<var>Ydegrees</var><180°.</p>
				7041
				7042	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color
				7043	defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified
				7044	using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7045
				7046	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is
				7047	important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not
				7048	<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
				7049	example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				7050
				7051	<pre>
				7052	convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
				7053	convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
				7054	</pre>
				7055
				7056	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
				7057	for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
				7058	a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				7059
				7060	<pre>
				7061	convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
				7062	</pre>
				7063
				7064	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7065	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
				7066	</div>
				7067
				7068	<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
				7069
				7070	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function
				7071	without saturating highlights or shadows. <var>Contrast</var>
				7072	indicates how much to increase the contrast. For example, 0 is none, 3 is
				7073	typical and 20 is a lot.
				7074	</p>
				7075
				7076	<p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
				7077	'slope' in contrast should fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is
				7078	middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
				7079
				7080	<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				7081
				7082	<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
				7083	a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
				7084	{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
				7085	Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
				7086
				7087	<p>Using a very high <var>contrast</var> will produce a sort of
				7088	'smoothed thresholding' of the image. Not as sharp (with high aliasing
				7089	effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
				7090	<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
				7091
				7092	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7093	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7094
				7095
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7096	</div>
				7097
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7098	<p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
				7099	by the <a href="import.html">import</a> tool.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7100
				7101	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7102	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				7103	</div>
				7104
				7105	<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
				7106
				7107	<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
				7108
				7109	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7110	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
				7111	</div>
				7112
				7113	<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
				7114
				7115	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
				7116	dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7117	<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
				7118	href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7119	image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
				7120	640x512+256).</p>
				7121
				7122	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				7123
				7124	<pre>
				7125	192x128
				7126	384x256
				7127	768x512
				7128	1536x1024
				7129	3072x2048
				7130	</pre>
				7131
				7132	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7133	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7134	</div>
				7135
				7136	<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
				7137
				7138	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				7139	angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the
				7140	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				7141
				7142	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7143	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
				7144	</div>
				7145
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7146	<p class="magick-description">appends an image sequence together ignoring transparency.</p>
				7147
				7148	<p>Smush is a more flexible version of <a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a>, joining the images in the sequence top-to-bottom (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a>) or left-to-right (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">+smush</a>), with a gap between images according to the specified offset.</p>
				7149
				7150	<p>If the offset is negative, images will overlap by that amount.</p>
				7151
				7152	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a> respects <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a>. Any empty space will be filled with the <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color.</p>
				7153
				7154	<p>For zero offset and transparent images, the non-transparent parts of the two images will be aligned as close as possible without overlapping.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7155
				7156	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7157	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
				7158	</div>
				7159
				7160	<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
				7161
				7162	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				7163
				7164	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7165	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7166	</div>
				7167
				7168	<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
				7169
				7170	<p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				7171
				7172	<p>This option produces a <var>solarization</var> effect seen when
				7173	exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				7174
				7175	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7176	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
				7177	</div>
				7178
				7179	<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
				7180
				7181
				7182	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7183	<dt>barycentric</dt>
				7184	<dd>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				7185	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				7186	The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
				7187	3 points. </dd>
				7188	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				7189	<dd>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				7190	fall back to barycentric. </dd>
				7191	<dt>voronoi</dt>
				7192	<dd>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				7193	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
				7194	<dt>manhatten</dt>
				7195	<dd>Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
				7196	<dt>shepards</dt>
				7197	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
				7198	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				7199	colors. </dd>
				7200	<dt>inverse</dt>
				7201	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
				7202	This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
				7203	'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
				7204	average of colors. </dd>
				7205	</dl>
				7206
				7207	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7208	canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7209	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				7210	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				7211	</p>
				7212
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7213	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7214	modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
				7215	effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
				7216	the operation. </p>
				7217
				7218	<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
				7219	gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
				7220	values. </p>
				7221
				7222	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				7223	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				7224	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor an image to some
				7225	default value. </p>
				7226
				7227
				7228	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7229	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7230	</div>
				7231
				7232	<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
				7233
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7234	<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
				7235	href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7236	given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
				7237	image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
				7238	</p>
				7239
				7240	<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7241	dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
				7242	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
				7243	the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
				7244	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7245
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7246	<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
				7247	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7248	added added all splices removed. </p>
				7249
				7250	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7251	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
				7252	</div>
				7253
				7254	<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
				7255
				7256	<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
				7257	neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
				7258	blend.</p>
				7259
				7260	<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
				7261
				7262	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7263	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7264	</div>
				7265
				7266	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
				7267
				7268	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				7269	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7270	<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
				7271	<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7272	<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7273	<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7274	<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7275	<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7276	<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7277	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7278	<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7279	</dl>
				7280
				7281	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7282	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
				7283	</div>
				7284
				7285	<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
				7286
				7287	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
				7288	beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need
				7289	this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
				7290	320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				7291
				7292	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7293	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
				7294	</div>
				7295
				7296	<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
				7297
				7298	<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				7299
				7300	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7301	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7302	</div>
				7303
				7304	<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
				7305
				7306	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7307	<dt>char</dt><dd>unsigned characters</dd>
				7308	<dt>double</dt><dd>doubles</dd>
				7309	<dt>float</dt><dd>floats</dd>
				7310	<dt>integer</dt><dd>integers</dd>
				7311	<dt>long</dt><dd>longs</dd>
				7312	<dt>quantum</dt><dd>pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
				7313	<dt>short</dt><dd>unsigned shorts</dd>
				7314	</dl>
				7315
				7316	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				7317	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				7318
				7319	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7320	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
				7321	</div>
				7322
				7323	<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
				7324
				7325	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
				7326	apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
				7327
				7328	<pre>
				7329	Any
				7330	Condensed
				7331	Expanded
				7332	ExtraCondensed
				7333	ExtraExpanded
				7334	Normal
				7335	SemiCondensed
				7336	SemiExpanded
				7337	UltraCondensed
				7338	UltraExpanded
				7339	</pre>
				7340
				7341	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				7342	stretch</a>.</p>
				7343
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7344	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7345	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7346	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7347
				7348	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7349	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
				7350	</div>
				7351
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7352	<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles, comments or these PNG chunks: bKGD,cHRM,EXIF,gAMA,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7353
				7354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
				7356	</div>
				7357
				7358	<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
				7359
				7360	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7361
				7362	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7363
				7364	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7365	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
				7366	</div>
				7367
				7368	<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
				7369
				7370	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7371
				7372	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7373	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
				7374	</div>
				7375
				7376	<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
				7377
				7378	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7379	the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
				7380	the following.</p>
				7381
				7382	<pre>
				7383	Any
				7384	Italic
				7385	Normal
				7386	Oblique
				7387	</pre>
				7388
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7389	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7390	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7391	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7392
				7393	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7394	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
				7395	</div>
				7396
				7397	<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
				7398
				7399	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				7400	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
				7401	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
				7402	be the "match score" image.</p>
				7403
				7404	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
				7405	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				7406	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				7407	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				7408	reported. Note that this may or may not be a perfect match, and the actual
				7409	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
				7410	possible matching locations. </p>
				7411
				7412	<p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
				7413	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
				7414	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
				7415
				7416
				7417	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7418	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
				7419	</div>
				7420
				7421	<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
				7422
				7423	<p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				7424	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				7425	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
				7426
				7427	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7428	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
				7429	</div>
				7430
				7431	<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
				7432
				7433	<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				7434
				7435	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7436	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
				7437	</div>
				7438
				7439	<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
				7440
				7441	<p>Set to "true" to ensure all image data is fully flushed and synchronized
				7442	to disk. There is a performance penalty, but the benefits include ensuring a
				7443	valid image file in the event of a system crash and early reporting if there
				7444	is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
				7445
				7446	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7447	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
				7448	</div>
				7449
				7450	<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
				7451
				7452	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7453	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
				7454	</div>
				7455
				7456	<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
				7457
				7458	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
				7459	formatted text. The default is 14 point <var>Courier</var>.</p>
				7460
				7461	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
				7462	OPTION1 font. For example, <code>Courier.ttf</code> is a TrueType font and
				7463	<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
				7464
				7465	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7466	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
				7467	</div>
				7468
				7469	<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
				7470
				7471	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7472	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7473	</div>
				7474
				7475	<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
				7476	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as
				7477	the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is
				7478	a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
				7479	and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				7480	-->
				7481
				7482	<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
				7483
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7484	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7485	maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				7486
				7487	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7488	value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer,
				7489	the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels
				7490	are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the
				7491	<code>quantum depth</code> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is
				7492	therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable
				7493	recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as
				7494	a percentage. </p>
				7495
				7496	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100%
				7497	red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red
				7498	channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
				7499	</p>
				7500
				7501	<pre>
				7502	convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
				7503	</pre>
				7504
				7505	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
				7506	generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
				7507	input image.</p>
				7508
				7509
				7510	<pre>
				7511	convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
				7512	convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
				7513	</pre>
				7514
				7515	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				7516	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				7517
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7518	<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7519	</p>
				7520
				7521	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7522	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7523	</div>
				7524
				7525	<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
				7526
				7527	<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
				7528	for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7529	reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
				7530	href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7531
				7532	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7533
				7534	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7535	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
				7536	</div>
				7537
				7538	<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
				7539
				7540	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7541	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7542	</div>
				7543
				7544	<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
				7545
				7546	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7547
				7548	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7549	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
				7550	</div>
				7551
				7552	<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
				7553
				7554	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7555	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				7556	</div>
				7557
				7558	<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
				7559
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7560	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
				7561	>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7562	creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
				7563	formats. </p>
				7564
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7565	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7566	by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				7567
				7568	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7569	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
				7570	</div>
				7571
				7572	<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7573
				7574	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7575
				7576	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black,
				7577	white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
				7578	as the various shades of grey.</p>
				7579
				7580	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7581	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
				7582	</div>
				7583
				7584	<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
				7585
				7586	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to
				7587	the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar.
				7588	Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data,
				7589	or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described
				7590	under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				7591
				7592	<p>For example,</p>
				7593
				7594	<pre>
				7595	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				7596	</pre>
				7597
				7598	<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
				7599	titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				7600
				7601
				7602	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7603	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
				7604	</div>
				7605
				7606	<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
				7607
				7608	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				7609
				7610	<pre>
				7611	convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
				7612	</pre>
				7613
				7614
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7615	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				7616	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7617
				7618
				7619	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7620	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
				7621	</div>
				7622
				7623	<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
				7624
				7625	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7626	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				7627	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7628	given. </p>
				7629
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7630	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7631	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				7632
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7633	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
				7634	href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7635	current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7636	However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				7637	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
				7638	>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				7639	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7640
				7641	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7642	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				7643	href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7644
				7645
				7646	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7647	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
				7648	</div>
				7649
				7650	<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
				7651
				7652	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				7653	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				7654	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7655	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				7656	href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7657
				7658	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				7659	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				7660	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				7661	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				7662	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				7663	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				7664	type. </p>
				7665
				7666	<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				7667
				7668	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7669	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
				7670	</div>
				7671
				7672	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
				7673
				7674	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
				7675	</p>
				7676
				7677	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7678	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
				7679	</div>
				7680
				7681	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
				7682
				7683
				7684	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7685	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
				7686	</div>
				7687
				7688	<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7689
				7690	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes
				7691	the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7692
				7693	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
				7694	image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
				7695	However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
				7696	best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7697	the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html"
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7698	>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7699
				7700	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
				7701	option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
				7702	required for this option to take effect.</p>
				7703
				7704	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7705	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
				7706	</div>
				7707
				7708	<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
				7709
				7710	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner
				7711	pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> remove
				7712	edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				7713
				7714	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				7715	you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				7716	image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				7717	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				7718
				7719	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				7720	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				7721	<a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				7722
				7723
				7724	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7725	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7726	</div>
				7727
				7728	<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
				7729	<code>Grayscale</code>, <code>GrayscaleMatte</code>, <code>Palette</code>,
				7730	<code>PaletteMatte</code>, <code>TrueColor</code>, <code>TrueColorMatte</code>,
				7731	<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
				7732
				7733	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7734	truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
				7735	href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7736	example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
				7737	only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				7738
				7739	<pre>
				7740	convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
				7741	</pre>
				7742
				7743	<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
				7744	encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
				7745	output format supports transparency.</p>
				7746
				7747	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				7748
				7749	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7750	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				7751	</div>
				7752
				7753	<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
				7754
				7755	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7756
				7757	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7758
				7759
				7760	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7761	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
				7762	</div>
				7763
				7764	<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
				7765
				7766	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
				7767	displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
				7768	the input file has been changed and update the displayed image
				7769	accordingly.</p>
				7770
				7771
				7772	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7773	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
				7774	</div>
				7775
				7776	<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
				7777
				7778
				7779	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7780	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
				7781	</div>
				7782
				7783	<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
				7784
				7785	<p>Choose from: <code>Undefined</code>, <code>PixelsPerInch</code>, or
				7786	<code>PixelsPerCentimeter</code>. This option is normally used in conjunction
				7787	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				7788
				7789
				7790	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7791	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7792	</div>
				7793
				7794	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
				7795
				7796	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is
				7797	convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				7798	(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
				7799	a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				7800
				7801	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				7802
				7803	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7804	<dt>radius</dt>
				7805	<dd>The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
				7806	<dt>sigma</dt>
				7807	<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
				7808	<dt>gain</dt>
				7809	<dd>The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
				7810	<dt>threshold</dt>
				7811	<dd>The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
				7812	</dl>
				7813
				7814	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7815	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
				7816	</div>
				7817
				7818	<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
				7819
				7820
				7821	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7822	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
				7823	</div>
				7824
				7825	<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
				7826
				7827
				7828	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7829	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
				7830	</div>
				7831
				7832	<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
				7833
				7834
				7835	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7836	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7837	</div>
				7838
				7839	<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
				7840
				7841	<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
				7842
				7843	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7844	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
				7845	</div>
				7846
				7847	<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
				7848
				7849	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				7850	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				7851	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				7852	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				7853
				7854	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				7855
				7856	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7857	<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
				7858	<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
				7859	<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
				7860	<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
				7861	<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
				7862	<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
				7863	<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
				7864	<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7865	<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
				7866	<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
				7867	<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
				7868	<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
				7869	<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
				7870	<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7871	<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
				7872	</dl>
				7873
				7874	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				7875
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7876	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				7877	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7878	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7879	image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				7880	href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7881
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7882	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
				7883	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7884
				7885
				7886	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7887	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
				7888	</div>
				7889
				7890	<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7891
				7892	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				7893
				7894	<pre>
				7895	StaticGray TrueColor
				7896	GrayScale DirectColor
				7897	StaticColor default
				7898	PseudoColor visual id
				7899	</pre>
				7900
				7901	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
				7902	If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
				7903	simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				7904
				7905
				7906	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7907	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
				7908	</div>
				7909
				7910	<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
				7911
				7912	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				7913	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the
				7914	<var>brightness</var> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				7915	attribute is just direct modified by the <var>saturation</var>
				7916	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				7917
				7918
				7919	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7920	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7921	</div>
				7922
				7923	<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
				7924
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7925	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7926	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var>x<var>softness</var></h3>
				7927	</div>
				7928
				7929	<p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshold is the value below which everything is considered noise and ranges from 0.0 (none) to QuantumRange or use percent (e.g. 5%). Softness attenuates the threshold and typically ranges from 0.0 (none) to 1.0. The higher the value the more noise that remains in the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7930
				7931	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7932	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
				7933	</div>
				7934
				7935	<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
				7936
				7937	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7938	the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
				7939	<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
				7940
				7941	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7942	<dt>Thin </dt>
				7943	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
				7944	<dt>ExtraLight </dt>
				7945	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
				7946	<dt>Light </dt>
				7947	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
				7948	<dt>Normal </dt>
				7949	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
				7950	<dt>Medium </dt>
				7951	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
				7952	<dt>DemiBold </dt>
				7953	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
				7954	<dt>Bold </dt>
				7955	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
				7956	<dt>ExtraBold </dt>
				7957	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
				7958	<dt>Heavy </dt>
				7959	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
				7960	</dl>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7961	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7962
				7963	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				7964
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7965	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7966	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7967	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7968
				7969	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7970	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
				7971	</div>
				7972
				7973	<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
				7974
				7975	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7976	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7977	</div>
				7978
				7979	<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
				7980
				7981	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7982	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7983	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7984
				7985	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7986	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
				7987	</div>
				7988
				7989	<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7990
				7991	<p><var>id</var> can be a window id or name. Specify <code>root</code>
				7992	to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				7993
				7994	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If
				7995	<code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
				7996	image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <code>X RESOURCES</code>
				7997	for details.</p>
				7998
				7999	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8000	colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
				8001	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8002
				8003	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8004	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
				8005	</div>
				8006
				8007	<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
				8008
				8009	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8010	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
				8011	</div>
				8012
				8013	<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
				8014
				8015	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
				8016
				8017	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8018
				8019	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8020	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write-mask"></a>-write-mask <var>filename</var></h3>
				8021	</div>
				8022
				8023	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				8024
				8025	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				8026	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				8027	</p>
				8028
				8029	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">+write-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				8030
				8031	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				8032	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8033	</div>
				8034	</div>
				8035
				8036
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8037
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8038	<footer class="magick-footer">
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8039	<p><a href="support.html">Donate</a> •
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cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8041	<a href="links.html">Related</a> •
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8042	<a href="security-policy.html">Security</a> •
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8043	<a href="architecture.html">Architecture</a>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8044	</p>
				8045	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#">Back to top</a> •
cristy	ea2793e	2015-05-31 16:52:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8046	<a href="http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> •
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8047	<a href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a></p>
Cristy	fe36f99	2016-12-29 20:24:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8048	<p><small>© 1999-2017 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8049	</footer>
				8050	</div><!-- /.container -->
				8051
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