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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
				6	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7	<html version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
				8	xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"
				9	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
				10	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
				11	http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SCHEMA/xhtml11.xsd">
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	12	<head>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	13	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
				14	<meta name="verify-v1" content="g222frIIxcQTrvDR3NBRUSKP3AnMNoqxOkIniCEkV7U="/>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	15	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	16	<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-US"/>
				17	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
				18	<meta http-equiv="Reply-to" content="magick-users@imagemagick.org"/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	19	<meta name="Application-name" content="ImageMagick"/>
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	20	<meta name="Description" content="Use ImageMagick to convert, edit, or compose bitmap images in a variety of formats. In addition resize, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	21	<meta name="Application-url" content="http://www.imagemagick.org"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	22	<meta name="Generator" content="PHP"/>
				23	<meta name="Keywords" content="command-line, options, ImageMagick, ImageMagic, MagickCore, MagickWand, PerlMagick, Magick++, RMagick, PythonMagick, JMagick, TclMagick, Image, Magick, Magic, Wand, ImageMagickObject, Swiss, Army, Knife, Image, Processing"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	24	<meta name="Rating" content="GENERAL"/>
				25	<meta name="Robots" content="INDEX, FOLLOW"/>
				26	<meta name="Generator" content="ImageMagick Studio LLC"/>
				27	<meta name="Author" content="ImageMagick Studio LLC"/>
				28	<meta name="Revisit-after" content="2 DAYS"/>
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cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	30	<meta name="Copyright" content="Copyright (c) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	31	<meta name="Distribution" content="Global"/>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	32	<link rel="icon" href="../images/wand.png"/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	33	<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../images/wand.ico" type="images/x-icon"/>
				34	<link rel="meta" type="application/rdf+xml" title="ICI" href="http://imagemagick.org/ici.rdf"/>
cristy	7a40ba8	2011-01-08 20:31:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	35	<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.google.com/cse/style/look/default.css" type="text/css" />
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	36	<style type="text/css" media="all">
				37	@import url("../www/magick.css");
				38	</style>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	39	<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
cristy	361f466	2010-12-31 23:02:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	40	<script type="text/javascript" src="../fancybox/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.pack.js"></script>
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				45	'transitionIn' : 'elastic',
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	52	</head>
				53
				54	<body id="www-imagemagick-org">
				55	<div class="titlebar">
				56	<a href="../index.html">
				57	<img src="../images/script.png" alt="[ImageMagick]"
				58	style="width: 350px; height: 60px; margin: 28px auto; float: left;" /></a>
				59	<a href="http://www.networkredux.com">
				60	<img src="../images/networkredux.png" alt="[sponsor]"
cristy	5292344	2011-01-15 22:54:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	61	style="margin-top: 42px; border: 0px; float: left;" /></a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	62	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	63	<img src="../images/logo.jpg"
				64	alt="ImageMagick Logo"
cristy	178edaf	2011-01-23 03:42:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	65	style="width: 123px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	66	<a href="../index.html">
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	67	<img src="../images/sprite.jpg"
				68	alt="ImageMagick Sprite"
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	69	style="width: 114px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
				70	</div>
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cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	72	<div class="westbar">
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	73
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	74	<div class="menu">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	75	<a title="About ImageMagick" href="../index.html">About ImageMagick</a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	76	</div>
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	98	<a title="Command-line Tools: Processing" href="../www/command-line-processing.html">Processing</a>
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	101	<a title="Command-line Tools: Options" href="../www/command-line-options.html">Options</a>
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	104	<a title="Command-line Tools: Usage" href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/">Usage</a>
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				112	<div class="sub">
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	126	<a title="Install from Source: Unix" href="../www/install-source.html#unix">Unix</a>
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				128	<div class="sub">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	129	<a title="Install from Source: Windows" href="../www/install-source.html#windows">Windows</a>
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cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	137	<div class="menu">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	138	<a title="Download" href="../www/download.html">Download</a>
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	140	<div class="sep"></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	141	<div class="menu">
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cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	185	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	186
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				200
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				202
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	203	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	204	<p class="navigation-index">
cristy	2d67ddd	2011-02-13 15:38:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	205	[ <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">‑adaptive‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">‑adaptive‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">‑adjoin</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">‑affine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">‑alpha</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">‑annotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">‑antialias</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">‑append</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	206
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	207	<div class="doc-section">
				208
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	209	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				210	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				211	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				212	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	213	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	214
				215	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	216	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	217	</div>
				218
				219	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	220	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				221
				222	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	223	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	224	</div>
				225
				226	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				227
				228	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				229
				230	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	231	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	232	</div>
				233
				234	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				235
				236	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				237
				238	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	239	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	240	</div>
				241
				242	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				243
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	244	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				245	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				246	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				247	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				248	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				249	adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				250	make distinct names for each image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	251
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	252	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				253	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				254	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	255
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	256	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				257	automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				258	where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				259	strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those
				260	who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an
				261	example, the command</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	262
				263	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	264	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				265	<a href="#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				266	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	267
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	268	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				269	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...
				270	<ol>
				271	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,
				272	<li>the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or
				273	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				274	filename.
				275	</ol></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	276
				277
				278	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	279	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				280	<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em
				281	class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>[,<em
				282	class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>]
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	283	</div>
				284
				285	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				286
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	287	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				288	href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	289
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	290	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				291	quotes or without spaces. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	292
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	293	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				294	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				295	coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at
				296	position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original
				297	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	298
				299	<div class="eqn">
				300	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				301	</div>
				302
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	303	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				304	contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em
				305	class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				306	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				307	image area are cut off.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	308
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	309	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				310	system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions
				311	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	312
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	313	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
				314	class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				315	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	316
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	317	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
				318	class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions,
				319	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				320
				321	<p>See <a href="#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				322	href="#distort">-distort</a> method '<kbd>Affineprojection</kbd> for more
				323	information </p>
				324
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	325
				326	<p class="crtsnip">
				327	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				328	</p>
				329
				330	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				331
				332	<p class="crtsnip">
				333	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				334	</p>
				335
				336	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				337	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				338
				339	<p class="crtsnip">
				340	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				341	</p>
				342
				343	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				344
				345	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				346
				347	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	348	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	349	</div>
				350
				351	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				352
				353	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				354	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				355
				356
				357	<table class="doc">
				358	<tbody>
				359	<tr valign="top">
				360	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				361	<th align="left">Description</th>
				362	</tr>
				363
				364	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	365	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	366	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	367	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				368	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				369	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				370	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	371
				372	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	373	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	374	<td valign="top">
				375	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	376	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	377
				378	<tr valign="top">
				379	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				380	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	381	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				382	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				383	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	384
				385	<tr valign="top">
				386	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				387	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	388	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				389	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	390
				391	<tr valign="top">
				392	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				393	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	394	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	395	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				396	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				397	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	398
				399	<tr valign="top">
				400	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				401	<td valign="top">
				402	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	403	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				404	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				405	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				406	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	407
				408	<tr valign="top">
				409	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				410	<td valign="top">
				411	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	412	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				413	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				414	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	415
				416	<tr valign="top">
				417	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				418	<td valign="top">
				419	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	420	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				421	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	422	</td></tr>
				423
				424	<tr valign="top">
				425	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				426	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	427	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				428	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				429	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				430	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	431	</td></tr>
				432	</tbody>
				433	</table>
				434
				435	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	436	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	437	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	438	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	439
				440
				441	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	442	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	443	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				444	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				445	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				446	</div>
				447
				448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				449
				450	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				451
				452
				453	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				454
				455	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				456
				457	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				458	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				459
				460	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				461
				462	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				463
				464	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	466	</div>
				467
				468	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				469	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				470
				471	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				472	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				473	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				474	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	475	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	476
				477	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	478	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	479	</div>
				480
				481	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				482
				483	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				484	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				485	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				486
				487	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				488	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				491
				492
				493	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	494	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	495	</div>
				496
				497	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				498
				499
				500	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	501	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	502	</div>
				503
				504	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				505
				506	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				507
				508	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				509
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	510
				511
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	512	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	513	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	514	</div>
				515
				516	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				517
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				519	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				520	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				521
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	522	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523
				524	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				525	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	526	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	527	</p>
				528
				529	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	530	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	531	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	532	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	533	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				534
				535
				536
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	538	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	539	</div>
				540
				541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				542
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	543	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	544	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	545	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				546	values. </p>
				547
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	548	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	549	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				550	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				551	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				552	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				553	defined images. </p>
				554
				555	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				556	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				557	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				558	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	559	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	560
				561	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	562	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	563	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	564	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				565	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	566	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				567	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	568
				569
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	571	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	572	</div>
				573
				574	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				575
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	576	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				577	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				578	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				579
				580	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				581	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				582	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				583	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				584	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				585	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				586
				587
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	588	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	589	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	590	</div>
				591
				592	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				593
				594	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				595
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	596
				597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	598	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	599	</div>
				600
				601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				602
				603	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				604
				605	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607	</div>
				608
				609	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				610
				611	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				612
				613	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	614	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	615	</div>
				616
				617	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				618
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	619	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	620
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	621	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				622	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	623
				624	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	625	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	626	</div>
				627
				628	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				629
				630	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				631
				632	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				633
				634	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				635	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				636	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				637
				638	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	639	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	640	</p>
				641
				642	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	be3c5be	2011-03-05 17:35:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	643	<h4><a id="blackpoint-compensation"></a>-blackpoint-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	644	</div>
				645
				646	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				647
				648	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	649	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	650	</div>
				651
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	652	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				653
				654	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				655	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	656
				657
				658	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	659	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	660	</div>
				661
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	662	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	663
				664	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				665	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				666	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				667	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	668	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				669	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	670
				671
				672	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	673	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	674	</div>
				675
				676	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				677
				678	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	679	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	680	</div>
				681
				682	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				683
				684	<div style="margin: auto;">
				685
				686	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	687	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	688	</div>
				689
				690	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				691
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	692	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				693	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	694
				695	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				696	</div>
				697
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	698	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	699	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	700
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	701	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	702	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	703	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	704	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				705	</p>
				706
				707	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				708	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				709	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				710	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				711	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				712
				713	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				714	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				715	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				716	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	717
				718	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				719	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				720	</p>
				721
				722
				723	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	724	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	725	</div>
				726
				727	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				728
				729	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				730	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				731	mapping. </p>
				732
				733	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				734	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				735	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				736	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				737	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				738
				739	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				740	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				741	</p>
				742
				743
				744	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	745	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	746	</div>
				747
				748	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				749
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	750	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				751	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				752	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	753
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	754	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				755	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	756
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	757	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				758	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				759	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				760	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				761	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				762	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	763	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	764	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				765	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	766
				767	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	768	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	769	</div>
				770
				771	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				772
				773	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				774
				775	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				776
				777	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	778	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	779	</div>
				780
				781	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				782
				783	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	784	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	785	</div>
				786
				787	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				788
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	789	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				790	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				791	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				792	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				793	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				794	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	795
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	796	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				797	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				798	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	799
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	800	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				801	linear transform and applied
				802	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	803
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	804	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				805	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				806	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				807	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				808	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	809
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	810	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				811	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	812
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	813	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				814	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				815	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				816	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	817
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	818	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				819	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	820
				821	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	822	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	823	</div>
				824
				825	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				826
				827	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	828	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	829	</div>
				830
				831	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				832
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	833	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				834	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				835	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				836
				837	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				838	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	839	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	840	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				841
				842	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				843	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				844	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				845	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				846
				847	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				848	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				849	instead.</p>
				850
				851	<p>For example,</p>
				852
				853	<p class="crtsnip">
				854	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				855	</p>
				856
				857	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				858	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				859	480.</p>
				860
				861
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	862	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	863	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	864	</div>
				865
				866	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				867
				868	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				869
				870	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	871	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				872	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				873	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				874	<SOPNode>
				875	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				876	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				877	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				878	</SOPNode>
				879	<SATNode>
				880	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				881	</SATNode>
				882	</ColorCorrection>
				883	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	884	</pre>
				885
				886	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	887	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	888	</div>
				889
				890	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				891
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	892	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				893	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				894	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				895	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	896
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	898	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				899	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				900	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	901
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	902	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				903	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	904	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	905	-channel Red,Blue
				906	</p>
				907	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				908	<p class="crtsnip">
				909	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	910	</p>
				911
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	912	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	913	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				914	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				915	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				916
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	917	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	918
				919	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				920	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	921	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				922	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				923	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				924	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	925	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	926
				927	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	928	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	929	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	930	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	931	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	932
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	933	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	934	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				935	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				936	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				937	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				938	contribute to the final result. </p>
				939
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	940	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	941	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				942	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				943	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				944	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				945	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	946
				947	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				948	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	949
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	950	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	951
				952	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	953	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				954	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				955	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				956	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				957	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958
				959	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				960	include the following.
				961
				962	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				963	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	964	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				965	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	966	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	967	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				968	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	969	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				970	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	971	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				972	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				973	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				974	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	975	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	976	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	977	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	978	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	979	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				980	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				981	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				982	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				983	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	984	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	985	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	986	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				987	</p>
				988
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	989	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	990	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	991	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	992	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				993	flag. </p>
				994
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	995	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				996	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				997	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	998
				999	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				1000	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				1001	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				1002	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				1003	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				1004	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1005	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1006	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1007	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1008
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1009	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1010	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1011	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				1012	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				1013	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1014
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1015
				1016	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1017	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1018	</div>
				1019
				1020	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1021
				1022	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1023	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1024	</div>
				1025
				1026	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1027
				1028	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1029	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1030	</div>
				1031
				1032	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1033
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1034	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				1035	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				1036	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				1037	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				1038	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				1039	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1040
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1041	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				1042	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1043
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1044	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				1045	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				1046	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				1047	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				1048	</p>
				1049
				1050	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				1051	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				1052	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				1053
				1054
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1055	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1056	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1057	</div>
				1058
				1059	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1060
				1061	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1062
				1063	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1064
				1065	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1066	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1067
				1068	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1069
				1070	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1071	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1072	</div>
				1073
				1074	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1075
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1076	<p>Use the given image as a 'do-not-modify' mask of the current images in the
				1077	current image sequence. Assuming the clipmask is a greyscale image the same
				1078	size at the one already in memory, any areas that is white will not be
				1079	modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow, until the
				1080	mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask will be modified
				1081	as normal. </p>
				1082
				1083	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
				1084	a rectangular <a href="#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1085	mask (thrid) image in a three image <a href="#composite" >-composite</a>,
				1086	operation. </p>
				1087
				1088
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1089	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1090	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1091	</div>
				1092
				1093	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1094
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1095	<p>This is almost identicate to <a href="#clip">-clip</a>. </p>
				1096
				1097
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1098	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1099	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1100	</div>
				1101
				1102	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1103
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1104	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1105	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1106	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1107	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1108
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1109	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1110	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1111	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1112	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1113	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1114	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
				1115	effectivally clone all the images. </p>
				1116
				1117	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1118	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1119	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1120
				1121	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1123	</div>
				1124
				1125	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1126	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1127	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1128
				1129	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1130	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1131	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1132	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1133	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1134
				1135	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1136	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1137	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1138	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1139	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1140	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1141	lookup of color values. </p>
				1142
				1143	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1144	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1145
				1146	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1147	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1148	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1149	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1150	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1151	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1152	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1153	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1154
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1155	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1156	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1157	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1158	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1159	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1160	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1161	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1162	</p>
				1163
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1165	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1166	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1167
				1168
				1169	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1170	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	</div>
				1172
				1173	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1174
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1175	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1176	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1177	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1178	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1179	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1180	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1181	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1182
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1183	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1184	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1185	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1186	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1187
				1188
				1189	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1190	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1191	</div>
				1192
				1193	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1194
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1195	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1196	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1197	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1198	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1199
				1200	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1201	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1202	</div>
				1203
				1204	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1205
				1206	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1207
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1208	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1209	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1210	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1211	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1212	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1213	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1214	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1215	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1216	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1217
				1218	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1219	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1220	</div>
				1221
				1222	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1223
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1224	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1225	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1226	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1227	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1228	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1229	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1230	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1231	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1232	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1233
				1234	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1235	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1236	</div>
				1237
				1238	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1239
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1240	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1241	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1242	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1243	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1244	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1245	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1246
				1247	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1248
				1249	<pre class="text">
				1250	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1251	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1252	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1253	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1254	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1255	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1256	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1257	</pre>
				1258	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1259	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1260	</div>
				1261
				1262	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1263
				1264	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1265
				1266	<pre class="text">
				1267	CMY
				1268	CMYK
				1269	Gray
				1270	HSB
				1271	HSL
				1272	HWB
				1273	Lab
				1274	Log
				1275	OHTA
				1276	Rec601Luma
				1277	Rec601YCbCr
				1278	Rec709Luma
				1279	Rec709YCbCr
				1280	RGB
				1281	sRGB
				1282	Transparent
				1283	XYZ
				1284	YCbCr
				1285	YCC
				1286	YIQ
				1287	YPbPr
				1288	YUV
				1289	</pre>
				1290
				1291	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1292
				1293	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1294
				1295	<table class="doc">
				1296	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1297	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1298	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1300	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1301	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1305	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1306
				1307	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1308	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1309
				1310	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1311	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1312	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1314
				1315	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1316	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1317	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1319
				1320	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1321	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1322	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1323	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1324
				1325	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1326	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1327	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1328	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1329
				1330	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1331	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1332	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1333	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1334
				1335	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1336	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1337	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1338	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1339
				1340	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1341	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1342
				1343	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1344	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1345	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1346	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1347
				1348	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1349	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1350
				1351	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1352	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1353	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1354	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1355
				1356	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1357	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1358	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1359	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1360
				1361	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1362	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1363	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1364	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1365
				1366	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1367	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1368	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1369	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1370
				1371	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1372	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1373	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1374	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1375
				1376	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1377	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1378	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1379	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1380
				1381	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1382	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1383	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1384	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1385
				1386	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1387	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1388	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1389	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1390	</table>
				1391
				1392	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1393	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1394	</div>
				1395
				1396	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1397
				1398	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1399
				1400	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1401	</p>
				1402
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1403	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1404	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1405	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1406	</div>
				1407
				1408	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1409
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1410	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1411	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1412	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1413
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1414	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1415	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1416	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1417	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1418
				1419	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1420	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1421	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1422	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1423
				1424	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1425	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1426	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1427
				1428	<p>For example,</p>
				1429
				1430	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1431	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1432	</p>
				1433
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1434	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1435	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1436	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1437
				1438	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1439	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1440	</div>
				1441
				1442	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1443
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1444	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1445	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1446
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1447	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1448	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1449	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1450	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1451	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1452	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1453	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1454	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1455	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1456	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1457
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1458	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1459	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1460
				1461
				1462	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1463	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1464	</div>
				1465
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1466	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1467
				1468	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1469	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1470	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1471	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1472	settings. </p>
				1473
				1474	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1475	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1476	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1477	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1478	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1479
				1480	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1481	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1482	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1483	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1484
				1485	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1486	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1487	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1488	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1489
				1490
				1491	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1492	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1493	</div>
				1494
				1495	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1496
				1497	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1498
				1499	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1500
				1501	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1502
				1503	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1504
				1505	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1506
				1507	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1508
				1509	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1510	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1511	</div>
				1512
				1513	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1514
				1515	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1516
				1517	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1518
				1519	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1520	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1521	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1522	</div>
				1523
				1524	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1525
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1526	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1527	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1528	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1529	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1530	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1531
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1532	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1533	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1534	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1535	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1536	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1537	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1538
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1539	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1540	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1541	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1542	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1543	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1544	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1545
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1546	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1547	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1548	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1549
				1550	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1551	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1552	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1553	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1554
				1555	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1556	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1557
				1558	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1559
				1560
				1561	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1562	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1563	</div>
				1564
				1565	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1566
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1567	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1568	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1569	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1570	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1571	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1572	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1573
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1574	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1575	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1576	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1577	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1578	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1579	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1580	</p>
				1581
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1582	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1583	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1584	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1585	href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1586	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1587	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1588	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1589	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1590
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1591
				1592	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1593	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1594	</div>
				1595
				1596	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1597
				1598	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1599
				1600	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1601
				1602	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1603
				1604	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1605
				1606	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1607	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1608	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1609	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1610	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1611
				1612	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1613	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1614	missed' warning given. </p>
				1615
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1616	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1617
				1618	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1619	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1620	</div>
				1621
				1622	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1623
				1624	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1625	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1626
				1627
				1628	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1629	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1630	</div>
				1631
				1632	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1633
				1634	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1635
				1636
				1637	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1638
				1639	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1640	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1641
				1642	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1645
				1646	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1647
				1648	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1649
				1650
				1651	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1652	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1653	</div>
				1654
				1655	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1656
				1657	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1658
				1659	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1660
				1661
				1662	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664	</div>
				1665
				1666	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1667
				1668	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1669
				1670	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1671
				1672	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1673
				1674
				1675	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1676	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1677	</div>
				1678
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1679	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1680	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1681
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1682	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1683	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1684	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1685	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1686	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1687	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1688
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1689	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1690	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1691	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1692	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1693	existing definitions.</p>
				1694
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1695	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1696	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1697	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1698	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1699
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1700	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1701	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1702	is case-dependent.</p>
				1703
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1704	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1705
				1706	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1707	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1708
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1709	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1710	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1711	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1712	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1713
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1714	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1715	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1716	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1717
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1718	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1719	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1720	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1721
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1722	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1723	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1724	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1725	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1726
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1727	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1728	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1729	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1730	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1731	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1732	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1733
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1734	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1735	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1736
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1737	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1738	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1739	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1740	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1741	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1742	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1743	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1744	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1745	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1746	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1747	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1748	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1749	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1750	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1751	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1752	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1753
				1754	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1755	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1756	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1757
				1758	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1759	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1760	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1761	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1762	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1763	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1764
				1765	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1766	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1767	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1768	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1769	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1770	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1771
				1772	<pre class="text">
				1773	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1774	</pre>
				1775
				1776	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1777	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1778	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1779
				1780	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1781	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1782	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1783	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1784	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1785
				1786	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1787	following for PNG output:</p>
				1788
				1789	<pre class="text">
				1790	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1791	</pre>
				1792
				1793	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1794	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk,
				1795	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				1796	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				1797	PNG specification.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1798	</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1799
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1800	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1801	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1802	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1803	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1804
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1805	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1806	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1807	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1808	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1809	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1810	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1811	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1812
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1813	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1814
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1815	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1816	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1817
				1818	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1819	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1820	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1821	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1822
				1823	<p class="crtsnip">
				1824	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1825	</p>
				1826
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1827
				1828
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1829	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1830	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1831	</div>
				1832
				1833	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1834
				1835	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1836
				1837	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1838
				1839
				1840	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1841	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1842	</div>
				1843
				1844	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1845
				1846	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1847
				1848
				1849	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1850	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1851	</div>
				1852
				1853	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1854
				1855	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1856
				1857	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1858
				1859	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1860
				1861	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1862
				1863	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1864	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1865	</div>
				1866
				1867	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1868
				1869	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1870
				1871	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1872	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1873	</div>
				1874
				1875	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1876
				1877	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1878	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1879	</div>
				1880
				1881	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1882
				1883	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1884
				1885	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1886	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1887	</div>
				1888
				1889	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1890
				1891	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1892	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1893	</div>
				1894
				1895	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1896
				1897	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1898	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1899	</div>
				1900
				1901	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1902
				1903	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1904	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1905	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1906	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1907	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1908	behind it. </p>
				1909
				1910	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1911	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1912	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1913	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1914
				1915	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1916	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1917	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1918	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1919	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1920	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1921	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1922
				1923	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1924	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1925	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1926	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1927	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1928	into the overlay area. </p>
				1929
				1930	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1931	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1932	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1933	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1934
				1935	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1936	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1937	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1938	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1939	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1940	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1941	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1942	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1943	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1944	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1945	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1946
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1947	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1948	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1949	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1950	</p>
				1951
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1952	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1953	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1954	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1955
				1956
				1957	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1958	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1959	</div>
				1960
				1961	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1962
				1963	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1964
				1965	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1966	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1967	</div>
				1968
				1969	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1970
				1971	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1972	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1973	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1974	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1975
				1976	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1977
				1978	<pre class="text">
				1979	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1980	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1981	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1982	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1983	</pre>
				1984
				1985	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1986	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1987
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1988	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1989
				1990	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				1991	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				1992
				1993	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				1994	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				1995
				1996	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1997	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1998	</div>
				1999
				2000	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				2001
				2002
				2003	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2004	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2005	</div>
				2006
				2007	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				2008
				2009	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2010	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2011	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2012	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				2013	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2014
				2015	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2016	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2017	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2018
				2019	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2020	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2021	</div>
				2022
				2023	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2024
				2025	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				2026	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2027	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				2028	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				2029
				2030	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2031
				2032	<table class="doc">
				2033	<tr valign="top">
				2034	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2035	<th align="left">Description</th>
				2036	</tr>
				2037
				2038	<tr valign="top">
				2039	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				2040	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				2041	<td valign="top">
				2042	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2043	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2044	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				2045	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2046	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				2047	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				2048
				2049	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				2050	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				2051
				2052	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				2053	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				2054	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				2055	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2056	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2057	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2058	<tr><td>5:</td>
				2059	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2060	<tr><td>6:</td>
				2061	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2062	<tr><td>7:</td>
				2063	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				2064	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2065	</table>
				2066
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2067	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2068	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2069
				2070	<tr valign="top">
				2071	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				2072	<td valign="top">
				2073	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2074	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2075	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2076	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2077	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2078	distortions. <br/>
				2079
				2080	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2081	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2082	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2083	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2084	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2085	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2086	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2087
				2088	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2089	</td>
				2090
				2091	</tr>
				2092
				2093	<tr valign="top">
				2094	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2095	<td valign="top">
				2096	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2097	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2098	the source image to the destination image.
				2099
				2100	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2101	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2102	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2103	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2104	</em></div>
				2105
				2106	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2107	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2108
				2109	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2110	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2111	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2112	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2113	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2114
				2115	</tr>
				2116
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2117	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2118	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2119	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2120	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2121	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2122	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2123	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2124	consistent. <br/>
				2125
				2126	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2127	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2128	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2129	in each case. <br/>
				2130
				2131	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2132	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2133	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2134	may dissappear. <br/>
				2135
				2136	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2137	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2138	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2139
				2140	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2141	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2142
				2143	<tr valign="top">
				2144	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2145	<td valign="top">
				2146	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2147	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2148	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2149	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2150	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2151	linear distortion. <br/>
				2152
				2153	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2154	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2155	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2156	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2157	</tr>
				2158
				2159	<tr valign="top">
				2160	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2161	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2162	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2163	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2164	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2165	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2166	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2167	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2168
				2169	</tr>
				2170
				2171	<tr valign="top">
				2172	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2173	<td valign="top">
				2174	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2175	a circle. <br/>
				2176	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2177	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2178	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2179	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2180	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2181	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2182	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2183	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2184	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2185	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2186	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2187	</table>
				2188
				2189	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2190	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2191	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2192	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2193	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2194
				2195	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2196	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2197	conversion. </td>
				2198	</tr>
				2199
				2200	<tr valign="top">
				2201	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2202	<td valign="top">
				2203	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2204	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2205	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2206	angle limits. <br/>
				2207
				2208	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2209
				2210	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2211	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2212	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2213	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2214	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2215	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2216	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2217	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2218	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2219	the same arguments. <br/>
				2220
				2221	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2222	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2223	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2224	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2225
				2226	</tr>
				2227
				2228	<tr valign="top">
				2229	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2230	<td valign="top">
				2231	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2232	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2233
				2234	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2235	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2236	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2237	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2238	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2239	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2240
				2241	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2242	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2243	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2244	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2245	a high quality result. </td>
				2246
				2247	</tr>
				2248
				2249	<tr valign="top">
				2250	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2251	<td valign="top">
				2252	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
cristy	6bcf48e	2011-02-15 19:09:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2253	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2254	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2255	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2256	lines straight again. <br/>
				2257
				2258	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2259	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2260	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2261	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2262	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2263	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2264	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2265	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2266
				2267	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2268	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2269	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2270	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2271	</td>
				2272
				2273	</tr>
				2274
				2275	<tr valign="top">
				2276	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2277	<td valign="top">
				2278	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2279	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2280	of the radial polynomial,
				2281	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2282	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2283	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2284	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2285	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2286
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2287	</td>
				2288	</tr>
				2289
				2290	<tr valign="top">
				2291	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2292	<td valign="top">
				2293	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2294	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2295	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2296	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2297	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2298	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2299	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2300	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2301	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2302
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2303	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2304	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2305	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2306
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2307	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2308	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2309	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2310
				2311	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2312	</tr>
				2313
				2314	</table>
				2315
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2316	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2317	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2318
				2319	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2320	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2321	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2322	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2323	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2324	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2325	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2326	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2327	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2328	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2329	...
				2330	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2331	</em></div>
				2332	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2333	destination image. </p>
				2334
				2335	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2336	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2337	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2338	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2339	understand.</p>
				2340
				2341	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2342	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2343	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2344	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2345	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2346	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2347	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2348	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2349	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2350	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2351
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2352	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2353	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2354	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2355	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2356
				2357	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2358	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2359	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2360	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2361	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2362	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2363	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2364
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2365	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2366	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2367	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2368	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2369	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2370	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2371	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2372	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2373	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2374
				2375	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2376	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2377	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2378	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2379	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2380
				2381	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2382	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2383	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2384	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2385	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2386	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2387	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2388	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2389
				2390	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2391	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2392	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2393	image space.</p>
				2394
				2395	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2396	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2397	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2398	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2399	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2400	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2401
				2402	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2403	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2404	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2405	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2406
				2407	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2408	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2409	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2410	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2411	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2412
				2413
				2414	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2415	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2416	</div>
				2417
				2418	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2419
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2420	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2421
				2422	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2423	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2424	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2425	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2426	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2427	color gradients. </p>
				2428
				2429	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2430	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2431
				2432	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2433
				2434
				2435	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2436	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2437	</div>
				2438
				2439	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2440
				2441	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2442
				2443	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2444
				2445	<pre class="text">
				2446	point x,y
				2447	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2448	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2449	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2450	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2451	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2452	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2453	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2454	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2455	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2456	path path specification
				2457	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2458	</pre>
				2459
				2460	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2461
				2462	<pre class="text">
				2463	text x0,y0 string
				2464	</pre>
				2465	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2466
				2467	<pre class="text">
				2468	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2469	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2470	</pre>
				2471
				2472	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2473
				2474	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2475
				2476	<pre class="text">
				2477	rotate degrees
				2478	translate dx,dy
				2479	scale sx,sy
				2480	skewX degrees
				2481	skewY degrees
				2482	</pre>
				2483
				2484	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2485
				2486	<pre class="text">
				2487	color x0,y0 method
				2488	matte x0,y0 method
				2489	</pre>
				2490
				2491	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2492
				2493	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2494
				2495	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2496
				2497	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2498
				2499	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2500
				2501	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2502
				2503	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2504
				2505	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2506
				2507	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2508	</p>
				2509
				2510	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2511
				2512	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2513
				2514	<p class="crtsnip">
				2515	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2516	</p>
				2517
				2518	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2519	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2520
				2521	<p class="crtsnip">
				2522	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2523	</p>
				2524	<p class="crtsnip">
				2525	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2526	</p>
				2527
				2528
				2529	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2530
				2531	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2532
				2533	<p class="crtsnip">
				2534	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2535	</p>
				2536
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2537	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2538	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2539	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2540	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2541
				2542	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2543
				2544	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2545
				2546	<p class="crtsnip">
				2547	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2548	</p>
				2549
				2550	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2551
				2552	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2553
				2554	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2555
				2556	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2557
				2558	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2559
				2560	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2561	matrix.</p>
				2562
				2563	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2564
				2565	<pre class="text">
				2566	point
				2567	replace
				2568	floodfill
				2569	filltoborder
				2570	reset
				2571	</pre>
				2572
				2573	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2574
				2575	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2576
				2577	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2578
				2579	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2580
				2581	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2582
				2583
				2584	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2585	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2586	</div>
				2587
				2588	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2589
				2590	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2591	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2592	</div>
				2593
				2594	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2595
				2596	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2597	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2598	</div>
				2599
				2600	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2601
				2602	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2603
				2604	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2605
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2606
				2607
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2608	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2609	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2610	</div>
				2611
				2612	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2613
				2614	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2615
				2616	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2617	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2618	</div>
				2619
				2620	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2621
				2622	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2623
				2624	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2625
				2626
				2627	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2628	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2629	</div>
				2630
				2631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2632
				2633
				2634	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2635	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2636	</div>
				2637
				2638	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2639
				2640	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2641
				2642	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2643
				2644	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2645
				2646	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2647	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2648	</div>
				2649
				2650	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2651
				2652	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2653
				2654	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2655
				2656	<table class="doc">
				2657	<col width="25%" />
				2658	<col width="75%" />
				2659	<thead>
				2660	<tr>
				2661	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2662	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2663	</tr>
				2664	</thead>
				2665	<tbody>
				2666
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2667	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2668	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2669	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2670	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2671	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2672	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2673	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2674	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2675	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2676	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2677	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2678	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2679	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2680	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2681	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2682	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2683	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2684	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2685	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2686	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2687	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2688	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2689
				2690	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2691
				2692	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2693	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2694	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2695	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2696	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2697	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2698
				2699	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2700
				2701	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2702	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2703	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2704	</tbody>
				2705	</table>
				2706
				2707	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2708	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2709	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2710	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2711	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2712	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2713	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2714	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2715
				2716	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2717	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2718
				2719	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2720	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2721	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2722	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2723	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2724	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2725	'alpha' values.</p>
				2726
				2727	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2728
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2729	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2730
				2731	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2732	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2733	</div>
				2734
				2735	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2736	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2737
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2738	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2739
				2740	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2741	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2742	</div>
				2743
				2744	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2745	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2746	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2747	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2748	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2749	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2750
				2751	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2752	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2753	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2754	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2755	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2756	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2757	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2758	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2759	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2760	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2761	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2762
				2763	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2764	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2765	</div>
				2766
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2767	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2768	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2769
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2770	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2771	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2772	</div>
				2773
				2774	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2775
				2776	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2777	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2778	</div>
				2779
				2780	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2781
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2782	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2783	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2784	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2785	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2786
				2787	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2788
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2789
				2790	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2791
				2792	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2793	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2794	</div>
				2795
				2796	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2797
				2798	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2799
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2800	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2801
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2802	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2803	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2804	equivalent to:</p>
				2805
				2806	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2807	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2808
				2809	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2810	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2811	</div>
				2812
				2813	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2814
				2815	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2816	</p>
				2817
				2818	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2819	</p>
				2820
				2821	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2822	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2823	</div>
				2824
				2825	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2826
				2827	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2828	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2829	</div>
				2830
				2831	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2832
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2833	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2834
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2835	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2836
				2837	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2838
				2839	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2840	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2841
				2842	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2843	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2844
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2845	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2846
				2847	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2848
				2849	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2850	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2851	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2852
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2853	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2854
				2855	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2856
				2857	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2858
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2859	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2860
				2861	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2862	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2863	</p>
				2864
				2865
				2866	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2867	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2868	</div>
				2869
				2870	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2871
				2872	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2873
				2874	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2875
				2876	<p>For example,</p>
				2877
				2878	<p class="crtsnip">
				2879	-fill blue
				2880	</p>
				2881	<p class="crtsnip">
				2882	-fill "#ddddff"
				2883	</p>
				2884	<p class="crtsnip">
				2885	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2886	</p>
				2887
				2888	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2889
				2890	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2891
				2892	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2893	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2894	</div>
				2895
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2896	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2897	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2898
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2899	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2900	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2901	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2902
				2903	<pre class="text">
				2904	Point Hermite Cubic
				2905	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2906	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2907	</pre>
				2908
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2909	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2910	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2911	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2912	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2913	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2914
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2915	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2916	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2917	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2918	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2919
				2920	<pre class="text">
				2921	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2922	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2923	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2924	</pre>
				2925
				2926	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2927	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2928	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2929
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2930	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2931	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2932	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2933	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2934
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2935	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2936	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2937
				2938	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2939	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2940	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2941
				2942	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2943	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2944	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2945	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2946	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2947	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2948
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2949	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2950	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2951	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2952	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2953	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2954	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2955	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2956	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2957
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2958	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2959	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2960	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2961	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2962	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2963
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2964	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2965	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2966	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2967	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2968	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2969	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2970	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2971	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2972
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2973	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2974	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2975	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2976	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2977	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2978	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2979
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2980	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2981	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				2982	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				2983	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				2984	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				2985	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				2986	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				2987	</dd>
				2988
				2989	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				2990	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				2991	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				2992	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				2993	easily graphed. </dd>
				2994
				2995	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				2996	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				2997	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				2998	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				2999	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3000
				3001	</dl>
				3002
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3003	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3004
				3005	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				3006	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				3007	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				3008	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				3009
				3010	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				3011	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				3012	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3013	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				3014	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				3015	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				3016	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				3017	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3018
				3019
				3020	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3021	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3022	</div>
				3023
				3024	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3025
				3026
				3027	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3028	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3029	</div>
				3030
				3031	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3032
				3033	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				3034
				3035	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3036	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3037	</div>
				3038
				3039	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3040
				3041	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3042	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3043	</div>
				3044
				3045	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3046
				3047	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				3048
				3049
				3050	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3051	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3052	</div>
				3053
				3054	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3055
				3056	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				3057
				3058	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				3059	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				3060	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				3061	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				3062
				3063	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				3064
				3065
				3066	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3067	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3068	</div>
				3069
				3070	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3071
				3072	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				3073
				3074	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3075
				3076	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3077	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3078	</div>
				3079
				3080	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3081
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3082	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="../www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3083
				3084	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3085
				3086	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3087	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3088	</div>
				3089
				3090	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3091
				3092	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3093
				3094	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3095	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3096	</div>
				3097
				3098	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3099
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3100	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3101	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3102
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3103	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3104	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3105	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3106	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3107	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3108	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3109	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3110	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3111	</p>
				3112
				3113	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3114	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3115	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3116	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3117	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3118	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3119	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3120	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3121	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3122
				3123	<p>The image composition is not
				3124	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3125
				3126
				3127	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3128	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3129	</div>
				3130
				3131	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3132
				3133	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3134	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3135	</div>
				3136
				3137	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3138
				3139	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3140
				3141	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3142
				3143	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3144
				3145	<pre class="text">
				3146	Polynomial
				3147	Sinusoid
				3148	Arcsin
				3149	Arctan
				3150	</pre>
				3151
				3152	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3153
				3154	<dl class="doc">
				3155	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3156	<dd>
				3157	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3158
				3159	<div style="text-align: center">
				3160	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3161	</div>
				3162
				3163	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3164
				3165	<div style="text-align: center">
				3166	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3167	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3168	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3169	</div>
				3170
				3171	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3172
				3173	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3174
				3175	<table class="doc">
				3176	<col width="35%" />
				3177	<col width="35%" />
				3178	<col width="30%" />
				3179	<tr>
				3180	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3181	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3182	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3183	</tr>
				3184	<tr>
				3185	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3186	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3187	</tr>
				3188	<tr>
				3189	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3190	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3191	</tr>
				3192	<tr>
				3193	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3194	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3195	</tr>
				3196	<tr>
				3197	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3198	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3199	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3200	</tr>
				3201	</table>
				3202
				3203	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3204	</dd>
				3205
				3206	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3207	<dd>
				3208	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3209
				3210	<div style="text-align: center">
				3211	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3212	</div>
				3213
				3214	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3215
				3216	<div style="text-align: center">
				3217	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3218	</div>
				3219
				3220	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3221
				3222	<p class="crtsnip">
				3223	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3224	</p>
				3225
				3226	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3227
				3228	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3229
				3230	<table class="doc">
				3231	<tr>
				3232	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3233	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3234	</tr>
				3235	<tr>
				3236	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3237	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3238	</tr>
				3239	</table>
				3240	</dd>
				3241
				3242	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3243	<dd>
				3244	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3245	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3246	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3247	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3248
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3249	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3250	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3251	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3252
				3253	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3254	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3255	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3256	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3257
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3258	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3259	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3260	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3261
				3262	</dd>
				3263
				3264	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3265	<dd>
				3266	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3267	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3268	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3269
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3270	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3271	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3272	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3273
				3274	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3275	</p>
				3276
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3277	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3278	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3279	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3280
				3281	</dd>
				3282
				3283	</dl>
				3284
				3285
				3286	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3287	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3288	</div>
				3289
				3290	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3291
				3292	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3293
				3294	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3295
				3296
				3297	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3298	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3299	</div>
				3300
				3301	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3302
				3303	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3304
				3305	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3306
				3307
				3308	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3309	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3310	</div>
				3311
				3312	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3313
				3314	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3315
				3316	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3317
				3318	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3319
				3320	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3321
				3322	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3323
				3324	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3325	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3326	</div>
				3327
				3328	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3329
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3330	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3331	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3332
				3333	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3334	</div>
				3335
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3336	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3337	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3338
				3339	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3340	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3341	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3342	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3343	</p>
				3344
				3345	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3346	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3347	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3348	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3349	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3350
				3351	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3352	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3353	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3354
				3355	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3356	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3357	</p>
				3358
				3359
				3360	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3361	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3362	</div>
				3363
				3364	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3365
				3366	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3367
				3368	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3369	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3370	</div>
				3371
				3372	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3373
				3374	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3375	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3376	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3377	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3378	installation.</p>
				3379
				3380	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3381
				3382	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3383
				3384	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3385
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3386	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3387	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3388
				3389	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3390
				3391
				3392	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3393	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3394	</div>
				3395
				3396	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3397
				3398
				3399	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3400	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3401	</div>
				3402
				3403	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3404
				3405	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3406	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3407	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3408	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3409
				3410	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3411	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3412	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3413	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3414
				3415	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3416	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3417	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3418	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3419	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3420
				3421	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3422	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3423	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3424	mapping. </p>
				3425
				3426
				3427	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3428	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3429	</div>
				3430
				3431	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3432
				3433	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3434	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3435	</div>
				3436
				3437	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3438
				3439	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3440	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3441	</div>
				3442
				3443	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3444
				3445	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3446
				3447	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3448
				3449	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3450	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3451	</div>
				3452
				3453	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3454
				3455	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3456	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3457	</div>
				3458
				3459	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3460
				3461	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3462
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3463	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3464
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3465	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3466	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3467	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3468
				3469	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3470	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3471	</div>
				3472
				3473	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3474
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3475	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3476
				3477	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3478
				3479	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3480	<p>or</p>
				3481
				3482	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3483
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3484	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3485
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3486	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3487
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3488	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3489
				3490	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3491	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3492	</div>
				3493
				3494	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3495
				3496	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3497	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3498	</div>
				3499
				3500	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3501
				3502	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3503	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3504	</div>
				3505
				3506	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3507
				3508	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3509
				3510	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3511
				3512	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3513	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3514	</div>
				3515
				3516	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3517
				3518	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3519
				3520	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3521
				3522	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3523
				3524	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3525	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3526	</div>
				3527
				3528	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3529
				3530	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3531
				3532	<pre class="text">
				3533	none
				3534	line
				3535	plane
				3536	partition
				3537	JPEG
				3538	GIF
				3539	PNG
				3540	</pre>
				3541
				3542	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3543
				3544	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3545
				3546	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3547
				3548	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3549
				3550	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3551	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3552
				3553	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3554	image.</p>
				3555
				3556	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3557
				3558	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3559	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3560	</div>
				3561
				3562	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3563
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3564	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3565	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3566	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3567	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3568	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3569
				3570	<pre class="text">
				3571	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3572	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3573	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3574	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3575	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3576	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3577	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3578	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3579	</pre>
				3580
				3581	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3582	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3583	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3584
				3585	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3586
				3587	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3588	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3589
				3590
				3591	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3592	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3593	</div>
				3594
				3595	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3596
				3597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3598	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3599	</div>
				3600
				3601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3602
				3603	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3604	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3605	</div>
				3606
				3607	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3608
				3609	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3610	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3611	</div>
				3612
				3613	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3614
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3615	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3616	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3617	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3618	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3619
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3620	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3621	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3622	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3623
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3624	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3625	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3626	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3627
				3628	<p>For example,</p>
				3629
				3630	<p class="crtsnip">
				3631	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3632	</p>
				3633
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3634	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3635	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3636	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3637	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3638	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3639
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3640	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3641	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3642	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3643	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3644
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3645	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3646	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3647	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3648	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3649
				3650
				3651	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3652	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3653	</div>
				3654
				3655	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3656
				3657	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3658	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3659	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3660	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3661	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3662	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3663
				3664	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3665	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3666	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3667
				3668
				3669	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3670	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3671	</div>
				3672
				3673	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3674
				3675	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3676	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3677	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3678
				3679	<table class="doc">
				3680	<tbody>
				3681	<tr valign="top">
				3682	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3683	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3684	</tr>
				3685
				3686	<tr valign="top">
				3687	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3688	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3689	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3690	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3691	</tr>
				3692
				3693	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3694	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3695	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3696	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3697	</tr>
				3698
				3699	<tr valign="top">
				3700	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3701	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3702	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3703	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3704	</tr>
				3705
				3706	<tr valign="top">
				3707	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3708	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3709	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3710	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3711	</tr>
				3712
				3713	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3714	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3715	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3716	</tr>
				3717
				3718	<tr valign="top">
				3719	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3720	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3721	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3722	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3723	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3724	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3725	</tr>
				3726
				3727	<tr valign="top">
				3728	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3729	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3730	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3731	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3732	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3733	image lists are removed. </td>
				3734	</tr>
				3735
				3736
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3737	<tr><td></td>
				3738	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3739	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3740	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3741	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3742	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3743
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3744	<tr><td></td>
				3745	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3746	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3747	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3748	preserved. </td>
				3749	</tr>
				3750
				3751
				3752	<tr valign="top">
				3753	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3754	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3755	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3756	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3757	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3758	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3759	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3760	</td>
				3761	</tr>
				3762
				3763	<tr valign="top">
				3764	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3765	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3766	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3767	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3768	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3769	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3770	</tr>
				3771
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3772	<tr><td></td>
				3773	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3774	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3775	</tr>
				3776
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3777	<tr><td></td>
				3778	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3779	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3780	transparency from an image.</td>
				3781	</tr>
				3782
				3783
				3784	<tr valign="top">
				3785	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3786	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3787	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3788	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3789	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3790	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3791	</td>
				3792	</tr>
				3793
				3794	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3795	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3796	</tr>
				3797
				3798	<tr valign="top">
				3799	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3800	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3801	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3802	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3803	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3804	edges.</td>
				3805	</tr>
				3806
				3807	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3808	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3809	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3810	any image file format. </td>
				3811	</tr>
				3812
				3813
				3814	<tr valign="top">
				3815	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3816	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3817	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3818	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3819	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3820	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3821	</tr>
				3822
				3823	<tr valign="top">
				3824	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3825	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3826	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3827	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3828	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3829	</tr>
				3830
				3831	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3832	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3833	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3834	optimizers seen. </td>
				3835	</tr>
				3836
				3837	<tr valign="top">
				3838	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3839	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3840	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3841	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3842	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3843	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3844	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3845	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3846	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3847	</tr>
				3848
				3849	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3850	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3851	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3852	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3853	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3854	</tr>
				3855
				3856	<tr valign="top">
				3857	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3858	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3859	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3860	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3861	</td>
				3862	</tr>
				3863
				3864	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3865	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3866	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3867	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3868	</tr>
				3869
				3870	<tr valign="top">
				3871	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3872	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3873	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3874	</td>
				3875	</tr>
				3876
				3877	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3878	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3879	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3880	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3881	</tr>
				3882
				3883	<tr valign="top">
				3884	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3885	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3886	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3887	warning is then issued). </td>
				3888	</tr>
				3889
				3890	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3891	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3892	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3893	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3894	</tr>
				3895
				3896	<tr valign="top">
				3897	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3898	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3899	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3900	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3901	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3902	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3903	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3904	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3905	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3906	</td>
				3907	</tr>
				3908
				3909	</tbody>
				3910	</table>
				3911
				3912	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3913
				3914	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3915	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3916	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3917	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3918	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3919	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3920
				3921
				3922	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3923	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3924	</div>
				3925
				3926	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3927
				3928	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3929	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3930	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3931	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3932	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3933	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3934	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3935	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3936
				3937	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3938	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3939	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3940	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3941	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3942	adjusted. </p>
				3943
				3944	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3945	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3946	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3947	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3948	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3949	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3950
				3951	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3952	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3953	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3954
				3955	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3956	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3957
				3958
				3959	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3960	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3961	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3962	</div>
				3963
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3964	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3965
				3966	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3967	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3968	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3969	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3970
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3971	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3972	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3973	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3974	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3975
				3976	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3977	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3978	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3979	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3980	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3981
				3982	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				3983	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3984	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3985	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				3986	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				3987	color (+ form). </p>
				3988
				3989
				3990	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3991	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3992	</div>
				3993
				3994	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3995
				3996	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				3997
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3998	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3999
				4000	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4001	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4002	</p>
				4003
				4004	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				4005
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4006	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				4007	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4008	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4009	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				4010	</pre>
				4011
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4012	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				4013
				4014	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				4015
				4016	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				4017
				4018	<p class="crtsnip">
				4019	-limit area 10mb
				4020	</p>
				4021
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4022	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4023
				4024	<p class="crtsnip">
				4025	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				4026	</p>
				4027
				4028	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				4029
				4030	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				4031
				4032	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				4033	</p>
				4034
				4035	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				4036	</p>
				4037
				4038	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4039	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4040	</div>
				4041
				4042	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4043
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4044	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				4045	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				4046	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				4047	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				4048
				4049	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				4050	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				4051	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				4052
				4053	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				4054	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				4055	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				4056
				4057	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				4058	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				4059
				4060	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				4061
				4062
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4063	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4064	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4065	</div>
				4066
				4067	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4068
				4069	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4070	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4071	</div>
				4072
				4073	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4074
				4075	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4076
				4077	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4078	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4079	</div>
				4080
				4081	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4082
				4083	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4084	Align
				4085	Alpha
				4086	Boolean
				4087	Channel
				4088	Class
				4089	ClipPath
				4090	Coder
				4091	Color
				4092	Colorspace
				4093	Command
				4094	Compose
				4095	Compress
				4096	Configure
				4097	DataType
				4098	Debug
				4099	Decoration
				4100	Delegate
				4101	Direction
				4102	Dispose
				4103	Distort
				4104	Dither
				4105	Endian
				4106	Evaluate
				4107	FillRule
				4108	Filter
				4109	Font
				4110	Format
				4111	Function
				4112	Gravity
				4113	ImageList
				4114	Intent
				4115	Interlace
				4116	Interpolate
				4117	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4118	Layers
				4119	LineCap
				4120	LineJoin
				4121	List
				4122	Locale
				4123	LogEvent
				4124	Log
				4125	Magic
				4126	Method
				4127	Metric
				4128	Mime
				4129	Mode
				4130	Morphology
				4131	Module
				4132	Noise
				4133	Orientation
				4134	Policy
				4135	PolicyDomain
				4136	PolicyRights
				4137	Preview
				4138	Primitive
				4139	QuantumFormat
				4140	Resource
				4141	SparseColor
				4142	Storage
				4143	Stretch
				4144	Style
				4145	Threshold
				4146	Type
				4147	Units
				4148	Validate
				4149	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4150	</pre>
				4151
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4152	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4153	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4154	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4155
				4156	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4157	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4158	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4159	</div>
				4160
				4161	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4162
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4163	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4164	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4165
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4166	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4167	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4168
				4169	<pre class="text">
				4170	%d domain
				4171	%e event
				4172	%f function
				4173	%l line
				4174	%m module
				4175	%p process ID
				4176	%r real CPU time
				4177	%t wall clock time
				4178	%u user CPU time
				4179	%% percent sign
				4180	\n newline
				4181	\r carriage return
				4182	</pre>
				4183
				4184	<p>For example:</p>
				4185
				4186	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4187	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4188
				4189	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4190	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4191	</div>
				4192
				4193	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4194
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4195	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4196	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4197	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4198
				4199	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4200	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4201	</div>
				4202
				4203	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4204
				4205	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4206	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4207	</div>
				4208
				4209	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4210
				4211
				4212	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4213	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4214	</div>
				4215
				4216	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4217
				4218	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4219
				4220	<pre class="text">
				4221	best
				4222	default
				4223	gray
				4224	red
				4225	green
				4226	blue
				4227	</pre>
				4228
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4229	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4230	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4231	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4232	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4233	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4234
				4235
				4236	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4237	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4238	</div>
				4239
				4240	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4241
				4242	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4243
				4244	<pre class="text">
				4245	r red pixel component
				4246	g green pixel component
				4247	b blue pixel component
				4248	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4249	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4250	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4251	c cyan pixel component
				4252	m magenta pixel component
				4253	y yellow pixel component
				4254	k black pixel component
				4255	p pad component (always 0)
				4256	</pre>
				4257
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4258	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4259	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4260
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4261
				4262	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4263	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4264	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4265	</div>
				4266
				4267	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4268
				4269	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4270
				4271	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4272	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4273	</div>
				4274
				4275	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4276
				4277	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4278
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4279	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4280	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4281
				4282	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4283	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4284	</div>
				4285
				4286	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4287
				4288	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4289	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4290	</div>
				4291
				4292	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4293
				4294	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4295	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4296	</div>
				4297
				4298	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4299
				4300	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4301
				4302	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4303	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4304	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4305	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4306	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4307	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4308	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4309	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4310	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4311	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4312	</pre>
				4313
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4314	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4315	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4316	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4317	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4318	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4319	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4320
				4321	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4322	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4323	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4324
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4325	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4326	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4327
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4328
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4329	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4330	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4331	</div>
				4332
				4333	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4334
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4335
				4336	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4337	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4338	</div>
				4339
cristy	be3c5be	2011-03-05 17:35:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4340	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make each pixel the 'predominate color' of the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4341
				4342	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4343	<h4>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
				4344	</div>
				4345
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4346	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4347
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4348	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4349	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4350
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4351	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4352	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4353	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4354
				4355
				4356	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4357	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4358	</div>
				4359
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4360	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4361	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4362
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4363	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4364	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4365
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4366	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4367	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4368	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4369	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4370
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4371	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4372	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4373	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4374
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4375	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4376	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4377	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4378	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4379	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4380	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4381
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4382	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4383	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4384	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4385
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4386	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4387	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4388	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4389	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4390
				4391	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4392
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4393	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4394	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4395	</div>
				4396
				4397	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4398
				4399
				4400	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4401	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4402	</div>
				4403
				4404	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4405
				4406
				4407	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4408	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4409	</div>
				4410
				4411	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4412
				4413	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4414	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4415	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4416	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4417	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4418
				4419
				4420	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4421	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4422	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4423	</div>
				4424
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4425	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4426
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4427	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4428	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4429	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4430
				4431
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4432	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4433	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4434	</div>
				4435
				4436	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4437
				4438
				4439	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4440	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4441	</div>
				4442
				4443	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4444
				4445	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4446	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4447	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4448
				4449	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4450	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4451
				4452	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4453	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4454	</p>
				4455
				4456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4457	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4458	</div>
				4459
				4460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4461	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4462	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4463	</div>
				4464
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4465	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4466
				4467	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4468
				4469	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4470	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4471	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4472	</div>
				4473
				4474	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4475
				4476	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4477
				4478	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4479
				4480	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4481
				4482	<pre class="text">
				4483	Gaussian
				4484	Impulse
				4485	Laplacian
				4486	Multiplicative
				4487	Poisson
				4488	Random
				4489	Uniform
				4490	</pre>
				4491
				4492	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4493
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4494	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4495	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4496	added to an image. </p>
				4497
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4498
				4499	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4500	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4501	</div>
				4502
				4503	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4504
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4505	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4506	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4507	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4508
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4509	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4510	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4511	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4512	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4513
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4514	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4515	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4516	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4517	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4518
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4519	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4520	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4521	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4522
				4523	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4524
				4525
				4526	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4527	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4528	</div>
				4529
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4530	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4531	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4532	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4533
				4534	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4535
				4536	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4537	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4538	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4539	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4540	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4541	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4542	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4543	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4544	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4545	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4546	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4547	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4548	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4549	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4550	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4551	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4552	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4553	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4554	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4555	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4556	</pre>
				4557
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4558	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4559	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4560	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4561
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4562	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4563	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4564
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4565	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4566	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4567	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4568	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4569	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4570
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4571	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4572	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4573	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4574	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4575
				4576
				4577	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4578	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4579	</div>
				4580
				4581	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4582
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4583	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4584	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4585	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4586	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4587
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4588	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4589	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4590
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4591	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4592	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4593	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4594	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4595	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4596	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4597	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4598
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4599
				4600	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4601	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4602	</div>
				4603
				4604	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4605
				4606	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4607
				4608	<pre class="text">
				4609	bottom-left
				4610	bottom-right
				4611	left-bottom
				4612	left-top
				4613	right-bottom
				4614	right-top
				4615	top-left
				4616	top-right
				4617	undefined
				4618	</pre>
				4619
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4620	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4621	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4622
				4623
				4624	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4625	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4626	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4627	+page
				4628	</h4>
				4629	</div>
				4630
				4631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4632
				4633	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4634
				4635	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4636
				4637	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4638	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4639	<thead>
				4640	<tr valign="top">
				4641	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4642	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4643	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4644	</tr>
				4645	</thead>
				4646	<tbody>
				4647	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4648	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4649	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4650	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4651	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4652	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4653	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4654	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4655	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4656	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4657	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4658	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4659	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4660	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4661	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4662	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4663	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4664	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4665	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4666	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4667	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4668	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4669	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4670	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4671	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4672	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4673	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4674	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4675	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4676	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4677	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4678	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4679	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4680	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4681	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4682	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4683	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4684	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4685	</tbody>
				4686	</table>
				4687
				4688
				4689
				4690
				4691	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4692
				4693	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4694
				4695	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4696
				4697	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4698
				4699	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4700
				4701	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4702	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4703	</div>
				4704
				4705	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4706
				4707	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4708
				4709	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4710	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4711
				4712	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4713
				4714	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4715	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4716	</div>
				4717
				4718	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4719
				4720	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4721
				4722	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4723	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4724	</div>
				4725
				4726	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4727
				4728	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4729
				4730	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4731	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4732	</div>
				4733
				4734	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4735
				4736	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4737	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4738	</div>
				4739
				4740	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4741
				4742	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4743	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4744	</div>
				4745
				4746	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4747
				4748	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4749
				4750	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4751	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4752	</div>
				4753
				4754	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4755
				4756	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4757	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4758	</div>
				4759
				4760	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4761
				4762	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4763	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4764	</div>
				4765
				4766	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4767
				4768	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4769
				4770	<pre class="text">
				4771	Rotate
				4772	Shear
				4773	Roll
				4774	Hue
				4775	Saturation
				4776	Brightness
				4777	Gamma
				4778	Spiff
				4779	Dull
				4780	Grayscale
				4781	Quantize
				4782	Despeckle
				4783	ReduceNoise
				4784	Add Noise
				4785	Sharpen
				4786	Blur
				4787	Threshold
				4788	EdgeDetect
				4789	Spread
				4790	Shade
				4791	Raise
				4792	Segment
				4793	Solarize
				4794	Swirl
				4795	Implode
				4796	Wave
				4797	OilPaint
				4798	CharcoalDrawing
				4799	JPEG
				4800	</pre>
				4801
				4802	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4803
				4804	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4805
				4806	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4807	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4808	</div>
				4809
				4810	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4811
				4812	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4813	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4814	</div>
				4815
				4816	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4817
				4818	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4819
				4820	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4821	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4822	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4823	</div>
				4824
				4825	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4826
				4827	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4828
				4829	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4830
				4831	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4832
				4833	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4834
				4835	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4836
				4837	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4838	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4839
				4840	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4841	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4842	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4843	</p>
				4844
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4845	<p>The <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				4846	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				4847	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4848	programming interface:</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4849
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4850	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename></span></p>
				4851	<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4852	<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
				4853	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				4854	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4855	be included in the file.</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4856
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4857	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4858	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				4859	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4860	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4861
				4862
				4863	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4864	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4865	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4866	</div>
				4867
				4868	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4869
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4870	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4871
				4872	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4873
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4874	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4875
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4876	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4877
				4878	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4879
				4880	<pre class="text">
				4881	0: none
				4882	1: sub
				4883	2: up
				4884	3: average
				4885	4: Paeth
				4886	</pre>
				4887
				4888	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4889
				4890	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4891
				4892	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4893
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4894	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4895
				4896	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4897
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4898	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4899	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4900	</div>
				4901
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4902	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4903
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4904	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4905	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4906	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4907	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4908	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4909
				4910
				4911	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4912	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4913	</div>
				4914
				4915	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4916
				4917	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4918	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4919	</div>
				4920
				4921	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4922
				4923	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4924	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4925
				4926	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4927	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4928	</p>
				4929
				4930
				4931	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4932	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4933	</div>
				4934
				4935	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4936
				4937	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4938	</p>
				4939
				4940	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4941
				4942	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4943	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4944	</div>
				4945
				4946	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4947
				4948	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4949	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4950	</div>
				4951
				4952	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4953
				4954	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4955	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4956	</div>
				4957
				4958	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4959
				4960	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4961	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4962	</div>
				4963
				4964	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4965
				4966	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4967	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4968	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4969
				4970	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4971	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4972	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4973	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4974	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4975
				4976	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4977	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4978	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4979	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4980	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4981	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				4982
				4983	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				4984	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				4985	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				4986	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				4987	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				4988	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				4989
				4990	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4991	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4992	</div>
				4993
				4994	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4995
				4996	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				4997
				4998	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4999
				5000	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5001	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5002	</div>
				5003
				5004	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5005
				5006	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				5007
				5008	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				5009
				5010	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5011	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5012	</div>
				5013
				5014	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5015
				5016	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				5017
				5018	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5019	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5020	</div>
				5021
				5022	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5023
				5024	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				5025	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				5026	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				5027
				5028	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5029
				5030	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				5031	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				5032	animation sequences. </p>
				5033
				5034	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				5035	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				5036	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				5037
				5038	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				5039	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				5040
				5041	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				5042	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				5043
				5044
				5045	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5046	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5047	</div>
				5048
				5049	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5050
				5051	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				5052
				5053	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				5054
				5055	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5056	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5057	</div>
				5058
				5059	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5060
				5061	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				5062
				5063	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				5064
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5065	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				5066
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5067	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5068	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5069	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5070	</div>
				5071
				5072	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5073
				5074	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5075	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5076	</div>
				5077
				5078	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5079
				5080
				5081	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5082	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5083	</div>
				5084
				5085	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5086
				5087	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				5088
				5089
				5090	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5091	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5092	</div>
				5093
				5094	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5095
				5096	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				5097
				5098	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				5099	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5100
				5101	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5102	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5103
				5104
				5105	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5106	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5107	</div>
				5108
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5109	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5110
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5111	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5112	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5113	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5114
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5115	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5116	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5117	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5118	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5119	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5120
				5121	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5122	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5123
				5124	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5125	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5126
				5127
				5128	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5129	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5130	</div>
				5131
				5132	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5133
				5134	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5135
				5136	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5137	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5138	</div>
				5139
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5140	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5141
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5142	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5143	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5144
				5145	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5146	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5147	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5148	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5149
				5150	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5151	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5152	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5153	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5154	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5155	light conditions. </p>
				5156
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5157
				5158	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5159	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5160	</div>
				5161
				5162	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5163
				5164	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5165
				5166	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5167	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5168	</div>
				5169
				5170	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5171
				5172	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5173
				5174	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5175	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5176	</div>
				5177
				5178	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5179
				5180	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5181	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5182	</div>
				5183
				5184	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5185
				5186	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5187
				5188	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5189
				5190	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5191	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5192
				5193
				5194	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5195	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5196	</div>
				5197
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5198	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5199	<h4>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5200	</div>
				5201
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5202	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5203
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5204	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5205
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5206	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5207	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5208	</div>
				5209
				5210	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5211
				5212	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5213	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5214	</div>
				5215
				5216	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5217
				5218	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5219
				5220	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5221
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5222
				5223
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5224	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5225	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5226	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5227	</div>
				5228
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5229	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5230	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5231
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5232	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5233	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5234	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5235	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5236
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5237	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5238	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5239	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5240	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5241	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5242	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5243
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5244	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5245	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5246	'properity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
				5247	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5248	</p>
				5249
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5250	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5251	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5252	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5253	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5254	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5255
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5256	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5257	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5258	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5259
				5260	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5261	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5262	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5263	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5264
				5265	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5266	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5267	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5268	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5269	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5270	attribute. </p>
				5271
				5272	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5273	For example,</p>
				5274
				5275	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5276	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5277	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5278	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5279
				5280	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5281	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5282	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5283	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5284	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5285	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5286	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5287
				5288	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5289	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5290	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
				5291	'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5292
				5293	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5294	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5295
				5296
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5297
				5298	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5299	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5300	</div>
				5301
				5302	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5303
				5304	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5305
				5306	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5307	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5308	</div>
				5309
				5310	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5311
				5312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5313	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5314	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5315	</div>
				5316
				5317	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5318
				5319	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5320
				5321	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5322	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5323	</div>
				5324
				5325	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5326
				5327	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5328
				5329	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5330	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5331	</div>
				5332
				5333	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5334
				5335	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5336
				5337	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5338
				5339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5340	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5341	</div>
				5342
				5343	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5344
				5345	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5346
				5347	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5348
				5349	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5350
				5351	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5352
				5353	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5354	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5355
				5356	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5357	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5358	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5359	</div>
				5360
				5361	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5362
				5363	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5364
				5365	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5366	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5367	</div>
				5368
				5369	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5370
				5371	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5372	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5373	</div>
				5374
				5375	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5376
				5377	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5378
				5379	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5380
				5381	<pre class="text">
				5382	192x128
				5383	384x256
				5384	768x512
				5385	1536x1024
				5386	3072x2048
				5387	</pre>
				5388
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5389	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5390	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5391	</div>
				5392
				5393	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5394
				5395	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5396
				5397	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	2d67ddd	2011-02-13 15:38:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5398	<h4><a id="smush"></a>-smush <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
				5399	</div>
				5400
				5401	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>smush an image sequence together.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5402
				5403	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5404	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5405	</div>
				5406
				5407	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5408
				5409	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5410
				5411	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5412	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5413	</div>
				5414
				5415	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5416
				5417	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5418
				5419	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5420
				5421	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5422	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5423	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5424	</div>
				5425
				5426	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5427
				5428
				5429	<table class="doc">
				5430	<tbody>
				5431	<tr valign="top">
				5432	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5433	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5434	</tr>
				5435
				5436	<tr valign="top">
				5437	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5438	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5439	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5440	</tr>
				5441
				5442	<tr valign="top">
				5443	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5444	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5445	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5446	colors. </td>
				5447	</tr>
				5448
				5449	<tr valign="top">
				5450	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5451	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5452	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5453	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5454	</tr>
				5455
				5456	<tr valign="top">
				5457	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5458	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5459	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5460	</tr>
				5461
				5462	</tbody>
				5463	</table>
				5464
				5465	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5466	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5467	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5468	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5469	</p>
				5470
				5471	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5472	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5473	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5474	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5475	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5476
				5477	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5478	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5479	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5480	default value. </p>
				5481
				5482
				5483	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5484	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5485	</div>
				5486
				5487	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5488
				5489	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5490
				5491	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5492	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5493	</div>
				5494
				5495	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5496
				5497	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5498
				5499	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5500	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5501	</div>
				5502
				5503	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5504
				5505	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5506
				5507	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5508	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5509	</div>
				5510
				5511	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5512
				5513	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5514
				5515	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5516	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5517	</div>
				5518
				5519	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5520
				5521	<pre class="text">
				5522	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5523	double store pixels as doubles
				5524	float store pixels as floats
				5525	integer store pixels as integers
				5526	long store pixels as longs
				5527	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5528	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5529	</pre>
				5530
				5531	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5532	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5533
				5534	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5535	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5536	</div>
				5537
				5538	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5539
				5540	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5541
				5542	<pre class="text">
				5543	Any
				5544	Condensed
				5545	Expanded
				5546	ExtraCondensed
				5547	ExtraExpanded
				5548	Normal
				5549	SemiCondensed
				5550	SemiExpanded
				5551	UltraCondensed
				5552	UltraExpanded
				5553	</pre>
				5554
				5555	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5556
				5557	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5558
				5559	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5560	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5561	</div>
				5562
				5563	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5564
				5565	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5566	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5567	</div>
				5568
				5569	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5570
				5571	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5572
				5573	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5574
				5575	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5576	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5577	</div>
				5578
				5579	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5580
				5581	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5582
				5583	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5584	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5585	</div>
				5586
				5587	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5588
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5589	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5590	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5591	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5592
				5593	<pre class="text">
				5594	Any
				5595	Italic
				5596	Normal
				5597	Oblique
				5598	</pre>
				5599
				5600	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5601
				5602	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5603	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5604	</div>
				5605
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5606	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5607
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5608	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5609	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5610	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5611	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5612
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5613	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5614	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5615	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5616	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5617	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5618	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5619	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5620
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5621	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5622	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5623	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5624
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5625
				5626	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5627	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5628	</div>
				5629
				5630	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5631
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5632	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5633	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5634	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5635
				5636	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5637	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5638	</div>
				5639
				5640	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5641
				5642	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5643
				5644	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5645	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5646	</div>
				5647
				5648	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5649
				5650	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5651	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5652	</div>
				5653
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5654	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5655
				5656	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5657	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5658	</div>
				5659
				5660	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5661
				5662	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5663
				5664	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5665
				5666	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5667	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5668	</div>
				5669
				5670	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5671
				5672	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5673	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5674	</div>
				5675
				5676	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5677	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5678	-->
				5679
				5680	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5681
				5682	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5683
				5684	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5685	</p>
				5686
				5687	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5688
				5689	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5690	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5691
				5692
				5693	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5694	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5695	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5696
				5697	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5698	</p>
				5699
				5700	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5701	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5702	</div>
				5703
				5704	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5705
				5706	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5707
				5708	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5709
				5710	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5711	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5712	</div>
				5713
				5714	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5715
				5716	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5717	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5718	</div>
				5719
				5720	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5721
				5722	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5723
				5724	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5725	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5726	</div>
				5727
				5728	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5729
				5730	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5731	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5732	</div>
				5733
				5734	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5735
				5736	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5737
				5738	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5739
				5740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5741	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5742	</div>
				5743
				5744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5745
				5746	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5747
				5748	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5749
				5750	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5751	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5752	</div>
				5753
				5754	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5755
				5756	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5757
				5758	<p>For example,</p>
				5759
				5760	<p class="crtsnip">
				5761	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5762	</p>
				5763
				5764	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5765
				5766
				5767	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5768	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5769	</div>
				5770
				5771	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5772
				5773	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5774
				5775	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5776
				5777	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5778	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5779
				5780
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5781	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5782	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5783	</div>
				5784
				5785	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5786
				5787	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5788	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5789	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5790	given. </p>
				5791
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5792	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5793	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5794
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5795	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5796	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5797	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5798	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5799	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5800	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5801	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5802
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5803	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5804	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5805	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5806
				5807
				5808	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5809	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5810	</div>
				5811
				5812	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5813
				5814	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5815	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5816	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5817	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5818	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5819
				5820	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5821	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5822	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5823	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5824	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5825	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5826	type. </p>
				5827
				5828	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5829
				5830	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5831	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5832	</div>
				5833
				5834	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5835
				5836	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5837	</p>
				5838
				5839	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5840	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5841	</div>
				5842
				5843	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5844
				5845
				5846	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5847	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5848	</div>
				5849
				5850	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5851
				5852	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5853
				5854	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5855
				5856	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5857
				5858	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5859	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5860	</div>
				5861
				5862	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5863
				5864	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5865
				5866	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5867	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5868	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5869	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5870
				5871	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5872	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5873	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5874
				5875
				5876	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5877	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5878	</div>
				5879
				5880	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5881	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5882
				5883	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5884
				5885	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5886	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5887
				5888	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5889
				5890	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5891	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5892	</div>
				5893
				5894	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5895
				5896	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5897
				5898	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5899
				5900
				5901	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5902	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5903	</div>
				5904
				5905	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5906
				5907	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5908
				5909
				5910	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5911	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5912	</div>
				5913
				5914	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5915
				5916
				5917	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5918	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5919	</div>
				5920
				5921	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5922
				5923	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5924
				5925
				5926	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5927	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5928	</div>
				5929
				5930	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5931
				5932	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5933
				5934	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5935
				5936	<pre class="text">
				5937	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5938	pixel (default 0).
				5939	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5940	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5941	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5942	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5943	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5944	</pre>
				5945
				5946
				5947	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5948	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5949	</div>
				5950
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5951	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5952
				5953
				5954	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5955	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5956	</div>
				5957
				5958	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5959
				5960
				5961	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5962	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5963	</div>
				5964
				5965	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5966
				5967
				5968	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5969	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5970	</div>
				5971
				5972	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5973
				5974
				5975	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5976	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5977	</div>
				5978
				5979	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5980
				5981	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				5982	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				5983	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				5984	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				5985
				5986	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				5987
				5988	<pre class="text">
				5989	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				5990	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				5991	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				5992	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				5993	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				5994	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				5995	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				5996	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5997	mirror: mirror tile the image
				5998	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				5999	tile: tile the image (default)
				6000	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				6001	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				6002	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				6003	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				6004	</pre>
				6005
				6006	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				6007
				6008	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				6009	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				6010	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				6011	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				6012	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				6013
				6014	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				6015
				6016
				6017	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6018	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6019	</div>
				6020
				6021	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6022
				6023	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				6024
				6025	<pre class="text">
				6026	StaticGray
				6027	GrayScale
				6028	StaticColor
				6029	PseudoColor
				6030	TrueColor
				6031	DirectColor
				6032	default
				6033	visual id
				6034	</pre>
				6035
				6036	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				6037
				6038
				6039	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6040	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6041	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				6042	</div>
				6043
				6044	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				6045	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6046
				6047	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				6048	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				6049	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				6050	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				6051	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				6052
				6053
				6054	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6055	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6056	</div>
				6057
				6058	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6059
				6060	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				6061
				6062	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6063	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6064	</div>
				6065
				6066	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6067
				6068	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				6069
				6070	<table class="doc">
				6071	<col width="25%" />
				6072	<col width="75%" />
				6073	<thead>
				6074	<tr>
				6075	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				6076	<th>Description</th>
				6077	</tr>
				6078	</thead>
				6079	<tbody>
				6080	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				6081	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				6082	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				6083	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				6084	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				6085	</tbody>
				6086	</table>
				6087
				6088	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				6089
				6090	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				6091
				6092	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6093	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6094	</div>
				6095
				6096	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6097
				6098	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6099	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6100	</div>
				6101
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6102	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6103
				6104	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				6105	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6106
				6107	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6108	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6109	</div>
				6110
				6111	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6112
				6113	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6114
				6115	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6116
				6117	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6118
				6119	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6120	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6121	</div>
				6122
				6123	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6124
				6125	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6126	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6127	</div>
				6128
				6129	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6130	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6131
				6132	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6133	</div>
				6134	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6135
				6136	</div>
				6137
				6138	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6139	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6140	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6141	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6142	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6143	</span>
				6144	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6145	</div>
				6146	<div class="footer">
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