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cristy	29dc865	2015-05-12 16:26:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6	<html lang="en">
cristy	ad41c0c	2012-10-31 00:49:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7	<head>
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cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	9	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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href="command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#storage-type">‑storage‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	56
				57	<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
				58
				59	<div style="margin: auto;">
				60	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				61	</div>
				62
				63	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
				64
				65	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				66	defaults to 1.</p>
				67
				68	<div style="margin: auto;">
				69	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				70	</div>
				71
				72	<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
				73
				74	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	75	option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
				76	href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
				77	Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
				78	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	79
				80	<div style="margin: auto;">
				81	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				82	</div>
				83
				84	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
				85
				86	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				87	(<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				88	defaults to 1.</p>
				89
				90	<div style="margin: auto;">
				91	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
				92	</div>
				93
				94	<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
				95
				96	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				97	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				98	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				99	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				100	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				101	adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				102	make distinct names for each image. </p>
				103
				104	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				105	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				106	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				107
				108	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				109	automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				110	where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				111	strings, such as '<code>%d</code>' or '<code>%03d</code>', are familiar to those
				112	who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
				113	example, the command</p>
				114
				115	<pre>
				116	convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
				117	</pre>
				118
				119	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				120	<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				121	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
				122
				123	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				124	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...</p>
				125	<ol>
				126	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
				127	<li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
				128	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				129	filename.</li>
				130	</ol>
				131
				132
				133	<div style="margin: auto;">
				134	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				135	<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
				136	</div>
				137
				138	<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
				139
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	140	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				141	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	142
				143	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				144	quotes or without spaces. </p>
				145
				146	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				147	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				148	coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at
				149	position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
				150	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				151
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	152	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	153
				154	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				155	contains the transformed source image. The parameters
				156	<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				157	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				158	image area are cut off.</p>
				159
				160	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				161	system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
				162	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				163
				164	<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
				165	<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				166	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				167
				168	<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
				169	<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
				170	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				171
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	172	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				173	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	174	information </p>
				175
				176
				177	<pre>
				178	-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
				179	</pre>
				180
				181	<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				182
				183	<pre>
				184	-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				185	</pre>
				186
				187	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
				188	<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
				189	= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
				190
				191	<pre>
				192	-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
				193	</pre>
				194
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	195	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
				196	transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
				197	>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	198	of the individual transformations.</p>
				199
				200	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
				201	matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				202
				203	<div style="margin: auto;">
				204	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
				205	</div>
				206
				207	<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
				208
				209	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				210	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
				211
				212	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				213	<dt>Activate</dt>
				214	<dd>
				215	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
				216	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				217	preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
				218	channel. </dd>
				219
				220	<dt>Associate</dt>
				221	<dd>
				222	associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
				223
				224	<dt>Deactivate</dt>
				225	<dd>
				226	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
				227	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
				228
				229	<dt>Disassociate</dt>
				230	<dd>
				231	disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
				232
				233	<dt>Set</dt>
				234	<dd>
				235	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				236	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				237	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
				238
				239	<dt>Opaque</dt>
				240	<dd>
				241	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				242	</dd>
				243
				244	<dt>Transparent</dt>
				245	<dd>
				246	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
				247	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				248	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				249	intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
				250
				251	<dt>Extract</dt>
				252	<dd>
				253	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
				254	'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				255	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				256	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
				257	</dd>
				258
				259	<dt>Copy</dt>
				260	<dd>
				261	Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
				262	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				263	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				264	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
				265
				266	<dt>Shape</dt>
				267	<dd>
				268	As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
				269	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				270	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
				271	</dd>
				272
				273	<dt>Remove</dt>
				274	<dd>
				275	Composite the image over the background color.
				276	</dd>
				277
				278	<dt>Background</dt>
				279	<dd>
				280	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				281	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				282	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				283	and thus can compress better.
				284	</dd>
				285	</dl>
				286
				287	<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	288	same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
				289	>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
				290	Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	291
				292
				293	<div style="margin: auto;">
				294	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	295	-annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
				296	-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	297	</div>
				298
				299	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
				300
				301	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise
				302	control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				303
				304
				305	<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	306	control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	307
				308	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
				309	or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
				310	direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <var>degrees</var> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical
				311	convention once it is realized that the positive <var>y</var>–direction is
				312	conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
				313
				314	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
				315	equation.</p>
				316
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	317	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	318
				319	<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
				320	bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	321	probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	322	case leads to nice results.</p>
				323
				324	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
				325	is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file
				326	<code>mytext.txt</code>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded
				327	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				328
				329	<div style="margin: auto;">
				330	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
				331	</div>
				332
				333	<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
				334
				335	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				336	drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				337	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				338	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
				339	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
				340
				341	<div style="margin: auto;">
				342	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
				343	</div>
				344
				345	<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
				346
				347	<p>This option creates a single longer image, by joining all the current
				348	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
				349	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				350
				351	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				352	current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	353	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
				354	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	355
				356
				357	<div style="margin: auto;">
				358	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
				359	</div>
				360
				361	<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
				362
				363	<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
				364
				365	<div style="margin: auto;">
				366	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
				367	</div>
				368
				369	<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
				370
				371	<p>Use this option to supply a <var>password</var> for decrypting
				372	a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The
				373	encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				374
				375	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
				376	and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				377
				378
				379	<div style="margin: auto;">
				380	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
				381	</div>
				382
				383	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
				384
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	385	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				386	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	387	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				388
				389	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
				390
				391	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				392	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
				393	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
				394	</p>
				395
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	396	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	397	'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	398	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				399	>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	400	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				401
				402
				403
				404	<div style="margin: auto;">
				405	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
				406	</div>
				407
				408	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
				409
				410	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	411	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
				412	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	413	values. </p>
				414
				415	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
				416	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	417	for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	418	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				419	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				420	defined images. </p>
				421
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	422	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				423	href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
				424	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				425	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
				426	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	427
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	428	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	429	special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	430	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
				431	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	432	'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
				433	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				434	transparency. </p>
				435
				436
				437	<div style="margin: auto;">
				438	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
				439	</div>
				440
				441	<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
				442
				443	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				444	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				445	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				446
				447	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				448	camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				449	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				450	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	451	result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				452	href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	453
				454
				455	<div style="margin: auto;">
				456	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
				457	</div>
				458
				459	<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
				460
				461	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				462
				463
				464	<div style="margin: auto;">
				465	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
				466	</div>
				467
				468	<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
				469
				470	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
				471	other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is
				472	specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format
				473	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				474
				475	<div style="margin: auto;">
				476	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
				477	</div>
				478
				479	<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
				480
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	481	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				482	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	483	specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				484
				485	<div style="margin: auto;">
				486	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
				487	</div>
				488
				489	<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
				490
				491	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance,
				492	consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the
				493	-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
				494	to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
				495
				496	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	497	-> convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	498	Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
				499	</pre>
				500
				501	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per
				502	second, using 4 threads and 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for
				503	a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
				504
				505	<div style="margin: auto;">
				506	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				507	</div>
				508
				509	<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
				510
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	511	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	512	positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				513
				514	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
				515	with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				516	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				517	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
				518	zero.</p>
				519
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	520	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	521	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				522	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				523
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	524	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				525	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				526	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				527	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
				528	<a
				529	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	530	entry. </p>
				531
				532	<div style="margin: auto;">
				533	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
				534	</div>
				535
				536	<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
				537
				538	<div style="margin: auto;">
				539	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				540	</div>
				541
				542	<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
				543
				544	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				545	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	546	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	547
				548
				549	<div style="margin: auto;">
				550	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
				551	</div>
				552
				553	<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
				554
				555	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				556	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				557	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				558	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
				559	<code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				560	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
				561
				562
				563	<div style="margin: auto;">
				564	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
				565	</div>
				566
				567	<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
				568
				569	<div style="margin: auto;">
				570	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
				571	</div>
				572
				573	<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
				574
				575	<div style="margin: auto;">
				576
				577	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	578	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	579	</div>
				580
				581	<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
				582
				583	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	584	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	585
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	586	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	587
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	588	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	589	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				590
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	591	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	592	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				593	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				594	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				595	</p>
				596
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	597	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
				598	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				599	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				600	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	601	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				602
				603	<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				604	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				605	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				606	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
				607
				608	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				609	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				610	</p>
				611
				612
				613	<div style="margin: auto;">
				614	<h3 class="magick-header">-blur <var>Width</var>[x<var>Height</var>[+<var>Angle</var>]]</h3>
				615	</div>
				616
				617	<p class="magick-description">Variably blur an image according to the overlay mapping.</p>
				618
				619	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				620	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				621	mapping. </p>
				622
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	623	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <var>Width</var> and <var >Height</var>. The <var >Height</var>
				624	defaults to the <var >Width</var> for a normal circular Gaussian
				625	weighting. The <var >Angle</var> will rotate the ellipse from
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	626	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				627
				628	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				629	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				630	</p>
				631
				632
				633	<div style="margin: auto;">
				634	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
				635	</div>
				636
				637	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
				638
				639	<p>Set the width and height using the <var>size</var> portion of the
				640	<var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				641	ignored. </p>
				642
				643	<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
				644
				645	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				646	<dt><var>value</var></dt>
				647	<dd>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
				648	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd></dt>
				649	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				650	<dt><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				651	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				652	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				653	<dd>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
				654	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>0</dt>
				655	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				656	<dt>0<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				657	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				658	<dt><var>value</var>%</dt>
				659	<dd>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				660	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>%</dt>
				661	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
				662	<dt>x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				663	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
				664	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				665	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				666	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd>0%</dt>
				667	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				668	<dt>0%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				669	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				670	</dl>
				671
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	672	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				673	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	674
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	675	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				676	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	677	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				678	size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				679	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				680	with the default compose method of '<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may
				681	be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				682	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				683	functionality.</p>
				684
				685	<div style="margin: auto;">
				686	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				687	</div>
				688
				689	<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
				690
				691	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				692
				693	<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				694
				695	<div style="margin: auto;">
				696	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
				697	</div>
				698
				699	<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
				700
				701	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	702	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	703	</div>
				704
				705	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
				706
				707	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				708	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				709	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				710	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				711	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				712	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
				713
				714	<p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				715	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				716	transformation to all channels.</p>
				717
				718	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				719	linear transform and applied
				720	using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
				721
				722	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				723	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				724	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				725	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				726	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
				727
				728	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				729	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
				730
				731	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				732	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				733	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				734	totally black.</p>
				735
				736	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				737	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
				738
				739	<div style="margin: auto;">
				740	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
				741	</div>
				742
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	743	<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	744
				745	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	746	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	747	</div>
				748
				749	<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
				750
				751	<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
				752
				753	<div style="margin: auto;">
				754	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
				755	</div>
				756
				757	<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
				758
				759	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				760	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				761	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
				762
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	763	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				764	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	765	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
				766	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				767
				768	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				769	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				770	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				771
				772	<p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				773	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				774	instead.</p>
				775
				776	<p>For example,</p>
				777
				778	<pre>
				779	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				780	</pre>
				781
				782	<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				783	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				784	480.</p>
				785
				786
				787	<div style="margin: auto;">
				788	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
				789	</div>
				790
				791	<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
				792
				793	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				794
				795	<pre>
				796	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				797	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				798	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				799	<SOPNode>
				800	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				801	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				802	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				803	</SOPNode>
				804	<SATNode>
				805	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				806	</SATNode>
				807	</ColorCorrection>
				808	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
				809	</pre>
				810
				811	<div style="margin: auto;">
				812	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
				813	</div>
				814
				815	<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
				816
				817	<p>Choose from: <code>Red</code>, <code>Green</code>, <code>Blue</code>,
				818	<code>Alpha</code>, <code>Gray</code>, <code>Cyan</code>, <code>Magenta</code>,
				819	<code>Yellow</code>, <code>Black</code>, <code>Opacity</code>,
				820	<code>Index</code>, <code>RGB</code>, <code>RGBA</code>, <code>CMYK</code>, or
				821	<code>CMYKA</code>.</p>
				822
				823	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
				824	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
				825	'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
				826	'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
				827
				828	For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
				829	you can either use </p>
				830	<pre>
				831	-channel Red,Blue
				832	</pre>
				833	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				834	<pre>
				835	-channel RB
				836	</pre>
				837
				838	<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
				839	special channel type <code>All</code>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				840	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				841	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				842
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	843	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	844
				845	<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
				846	'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
				847	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				848	synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				849	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				850	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				851	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
				852
				853	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
				854	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
				855	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
				856	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
				857	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
				858
				859	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
				860	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				861	the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
				862	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				863	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				864	contribute to the final result. </p>
				865
				866	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
				867	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				868	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<code>Sync</code>' flag.
				869	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				870	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				871	</p>
				872
				873	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				874	channel</a>.</p>
				875
				876	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
				877	'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				878	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				879	to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	880	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				881	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	882
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	883	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	884	include the following.
				885
				886	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				887	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
				888	<a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				889	<a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
				890	<a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
				891	<a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
				892	<a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
				893	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				894	<a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
				895	<a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				896	<a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				897	<a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
				898	<a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
				899	<a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
				900	<a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
				901	<a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
				902	<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
				903	<a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
				904	<a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				905	<a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				906	<a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				907	<a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
				908	<a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
				909	<a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
				910	<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				911	</p>
				912
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	913	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				914	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
				915	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	916	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				917	flag. </p>
				918
				919	<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	920	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	921	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
				922
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	923	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				924	href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				925	color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
				926	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	927	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				928	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
				929	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
				930	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
				931	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
				932
				933	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
				934	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	935	alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				936	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				937	href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	938
				939
				940
				941	<div style="margin: auto;">
				942	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
				943	</div>
				944
				945	<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
				946
				947	<div style="margin: auto;">
				948	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
				949	</div>
				950
				951	<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
				952
				953	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>width</var>
				954	and <var>height</var> given in the of the <var>size</var>
				955	portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the number of
				956	columns and rows to remove. The <var>offset</var> portion of
				957	the <var>geometry</var> argument is influenced by
				958	a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
				959
				960	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				961	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
				962
				963	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
				964	typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	965	offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
				966	href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	967	sides of the image. </p>
				968
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	969	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
				970	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	971
				972	<div style="margin: auto;">
				973	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
				974	</div>
				975
				976	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				977
				978	<div style="margin: auto;">
				979	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
				980	</div>
				981
				982	<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
				983
				984	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				985
				986	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				987
				988	<pre>
				989	convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
				990	</pre>
				991
				992	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				993
				994	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
				995	delegate library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				996
				997	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				998
				999	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1000	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
				1001	</div>
				1002
				1003	<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
				1004
				1005	<p>Use the alpha channel of the current image as a mask. Any areas that is
				1006	white is not modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow,
				1007	until the mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask are
				1008	modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
				1009
				1010	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1011	a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1012	mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1013	operation. </p>
				1014
				1015	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1016
				1017	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1018	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
				1019	</div>
				1020
				1021	<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
				1022
				1023	<p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific clip path in the event the image has more than one path available. </p>
				1024
				1025	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1026
				1027	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1028	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
				1029	</div>
				1030
				1031	<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
				1032
				1033	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1034	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1035	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1036	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1037
				1038	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				1039	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
				1040	example, <code>−1</code>
				1041	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
				1042	dash (e.g. <code>0−4</code>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1043	spaces (e.g. <code>0,2,5</code>). A value of '<code>0−−1</code> will
				1044	effectively clone all the images. </p>
				1045
				1046	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1047	in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
				1048	'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
				1049
				1050	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1051	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
				1052	</div>
				1053
				1054	<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
				1055
				1056	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1057	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1058	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1059	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1060	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1061
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1062	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1063	href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1064	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1065	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
				1066	'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1067	gradients, and the '<code>integer</code>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1068	lookup of color values. </p>
				1069
				1070	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1071	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1072
				1073	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1074	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1075	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
				1076	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1077	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1078	set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1079	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1080	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1081
				1082	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1083	transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1084	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1085	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
				1086	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1087	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1088	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1089	</p>
				1090
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1091	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1092	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1093	of a 3D color cube. </p>
				1094
				1095
				1096	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1097	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
				1098	</div>
				1099
				1100	<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
				1101
				1102	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1103	its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1104	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1105	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1106	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1107	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1108	images. </p>
				1109
				1110	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1111	the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
				1112	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1113	better than the original. </p>
				1114
				1115
				1116	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1117	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
				1118	</div>
				1119
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1120	<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1121
				1122	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1123	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1124	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1125	values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
				1126
				1127	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1128	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
				1129	</div>
				1130
				1131	<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
				1132
				1133	<p>The <var>type</var> can be <code>shared</code> or <code>private</code>.</p>
				1134
				1135	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1136	is <code>PseudoColor</code> or <code>GrayScale</code>. Refer
				1137	to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1138	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1139	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1140	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1141	If <code>private</code> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1142	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <var>technicolor</var>
				1143	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
				1144
				1145	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1146	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
				1147	</div>
				1148
				1149	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
				1150
				1151	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1152	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1153	unique colors than specified by <var>value</var> will have any
				1154	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1155	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1156	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1157	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1158	the <a href="quantize.html">
				1159	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				1160
				1161	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1162	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
				1163	</div>
				1164
				1165	<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
				1166
				1167	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1168	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1169	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1170	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1171	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1172	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
				1173
				1174	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1175
				1176	<pre>
				1177	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1178	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1179	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1180	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1181	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1182	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1183	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1184	</pre>
				1185	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1186	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
				1187	</div>
				1188
				1189	<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
				1190
				1191	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1192
				1193	<pre>
				1194	CMY CMYK Gray HCL
				1195	HCLp HSB HSI HSL
				1196	HSV HWB Lab LCHab
				1197	LCHuv LMS Log Luv
				1198	OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
				1199	scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
				1200	XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
				1201	YIQ YPbPr YUV
				1202	</pre>
				1203
				1204	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1205
				1206	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
				1207
				1208	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1209	<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1210	<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1211	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
				1212	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>−G</td></tr>
				1213	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>−B</td></tr>
				1214	<tr><th valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1215	<tr><td valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1216	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(C−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1217	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(M−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1218	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1219
				1220	<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1221	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1222
				1223	<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1224	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1225	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1226	<tr><td valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1227
				1228	<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1229	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1230	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1231	<tr><td valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1232
				1233	<tr><th valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1234	<tr><td valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1236	<tr><td valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1237
				1238	<tr><th valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1239	<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1240	<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1241	<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1242
				1243	<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1244	<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1245	<tr><td valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1246	<tr><td valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1247
				1248	<tr><th valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1249	<tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1250	<tr><td valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1251	<tr><td valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1252
				1253	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1254	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1255
				1256	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1257	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1259	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1260
				1261	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1262	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
				1263
				1264	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1265	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1266	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1268
				1269	<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1270	<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1271	<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1272	<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1273
				1274	<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1275	<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564R+0.3575761G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
				1276	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2126729R+0.7151522G+0.0721750*B</td></tr>
				1277	<tr><td valign="middle">Z=0.0193339R+0.1191920G+0.9503041*B</td></tr>
				1278
				1279	<tr><th valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1280	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=(0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1281	<tr><td valign="middle">C1=(−0.298839R−0.586811G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1282	<tr><td valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.586811G−0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1283
				1284	<tr><th valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1285	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1286	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1287	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1288
				1289	<tr><th valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1290	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1291	<tr><td valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1292	<tr><td valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1293
				1294	<tr><th valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1295	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1296	<tr><td valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1297	<tr><td valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1298
				1299	<tr><th valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1300	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1301	<tr><td valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1302	<tr><td valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1303	</table>
				1304
				1305	<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
				1306
				1307	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1308	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
				1309	</div>
				1310
				1311	<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
				1312
				1313	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
				1314	combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the
				1315	sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
				1316	means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
				1317	to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
				1318
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1319	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
				1320	href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1321	Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
				1322	original. </p>
				1323
				1324	<pre>
				1325	convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
				1326	convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
				1327	-combine imagecopy.png
				1328	</pre>
				1329
				1330	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1331	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
				1332	</div>
				1333
				1334	<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
				1335
				1336	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
				1337	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1338	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
				1339
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1340	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1341	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1342	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
				1343	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1344
				1345	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1346	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1347	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1348
				1349	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1350	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				1351	instead.</p>
				1352
				1353	<p>For example,</p>
				1354
				1355	<pre>
				1356	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				1357	</pre>
				1358
				1359	<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				1360	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1361	480.</p>
				1362
				1363	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1364	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
				1365	</div>
				1366
				1367	<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
				1368
				1369	<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
				1370
				1371	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1372	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1373	</pre>
				1374
				1375	<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
				1376
				1377	<pre>
				1378	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
				1379	"%[distortion]" info:
				1380	</pre>
				1381
				1382	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1383	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
				1384	</div>
				1385
				1386	<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
				1387
				1388	Choose from these operators:
				1389
				1390	<pre>
				1391	add
				1392	conjugate
				1393	divide
				1394	magnitude-phase
				1395	multiply
				1396	real-imaginary
				1397	subtract
				1398	</pre>
				1399
				1400	<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
				1401
				1402	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1403	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
				1404	</div>
				1405
				1406	<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
				1407
				1408	<p>See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1409	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
				1410
				1411	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1412	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1413	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
				1414	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
				1415	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1416	<a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1417	<a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1418	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1419	<a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
				1420	<a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
				1421	and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
				1422
				1423	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<code>composite</code>"
				1424	command. </p>
				1425
				1426
				1427	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1428	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
				1429	</div>
				1430
				1431	<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
				1432
				1433	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1434	according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1435	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1436	href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1437	settings. </p>
				1438
				1439	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale blending 'mask' image
				1440	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
				1441	source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
				1442	mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1443
				1444	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1445	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1446	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1447	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
				1448
				1449	<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1450	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1451	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1452	to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
				1453
				1454	<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
				1455
				1456
				1457	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1458	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
				1459	</div>
				1460
				1461	<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
				1462
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1463	<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
				1464	>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
				1465	>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
				1466	>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
				1467	>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1468
				1469	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1470	compress</a>.</p>
				1471
				1472	<p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an
				1473	uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified
				1474	image file.</p>
				1475
				1476	<p>If <code>LZW</code> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been
				1477	enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be
				1478	read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1479
				1480	<p><code>Lossless</code> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the
				1481	JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally
				1482	not recommended.</p>
				1483
				1484	<p>
				1485	When writing an ICO file, you may request that the images be encoded in
				1486	PNG format, by specifying <code>Zip</code> compression.</p>
				1487
				1488	<p>
				1489	When writing a JNG file, specify <code>Zip</code> compression to request that
				1490	the alpha channel be encoded in PNG "IDAT" format, or <code>JPEG</code>
				1491	to request that it be encoded in JPG "JDAA" format.</p>
				1492
				1493	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level
				1494	to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders.
				1495	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
				1496	sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
				1497	the chroma channels.</p>
				1498
				1499	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1500	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
				1501	</div>
				1502
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	1503	<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1504
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1505	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1506
				1507	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1508	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
				1509	</div>
				1510
				1511	<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1512
				1513	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
				1514	darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance
				1515	the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
				1516	contrast.</p>
				1517
				1518	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1519
				1520	<pre>
				1521	convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
				1522	</pre>
				1523
				1524	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1526	</div>
				1527
				1528	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				1529
				1530	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1531	<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1532
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1533	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				1534	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1535	minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
				1536
				1537	<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
				1538	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1539	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
				1540	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1541	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
				1542
				1543	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1544	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1545	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1546
				1547	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1548	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				1549	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1550	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1551
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1552	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1553	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1554
				1555	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				1556
				1557
				1558	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1559	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
				1560	</div>
				1561
				1562	<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
				1563
				1564	<p>The <var>kernel</var> is a matrix specified as
				1565	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1566	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1567	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1568	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
				1569
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1570	<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1571	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1572	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1573	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1574	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1575	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
				1576	</p>
				1577
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1578	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1579	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1580	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1581	href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1582	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1583	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1584	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1585	entry. </p>
				1586
				1587
				1588	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1589	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
				1590	</div>
				1591
				1592	<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
				1593
				1594	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1595	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
				1596	</div>
				1597
				1598	<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
				1599
				1600	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1601
				1602	<p>The <var>width</var> and <var>height</var> of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the size of the image that remains
				1603	after cropping, and <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> in the
				1604	<var>offset</var> (if present) gives the location of the top left
				1605	corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the
				1606	amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1607
				1608	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1609	present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the
				1610	cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
				1611	the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper
				1612	left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				1613	present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
				1614	gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1615	the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
				1616	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1617	<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
				1618	upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1619
				1620	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1621	omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input
				1622	image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if
				1623	the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1624
				1625	<p>You can add the <var>@</var> to the geometry argument to equally divide the image into the number of tiles generated.</p>
				1626
				1627	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1628	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1629	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1630	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1631	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1632
				1633	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1634	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1635	missed' warning given. </p>
				1636
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1637	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1638	cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
				1639	upper-left corner of the visible image.
				1640
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1641	Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1642	remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
				1643	you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
				1644	offset.</p>
				1645
				1646	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1647	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
				1648	</div>
				1649
				1650	<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
				1651
				1652	<p><var>Amount</var> defines the number of positions each
				1653	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1654
				1655
				1656	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1657	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
				1658	</div>
				1659
				1660	<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
				1661
				1662	<p>The <code>events</code> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
				1663	can be either <code>None</code>, <code>All</code>, <code>Trace</code>, or
				1664	a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
				1665	<code>Accelerate</code>, <code>Annotate</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Cache</code>,
				1666	<code>Coder</code>, <code>Configure</code>, <code>Deprecate</code>,
				1667	<code>Exception</code>, <code>Locale</code>, <code>Render</code>,
				1668	<code>Resource</code>, <code>Security</code>, <code>TemporaryFile</code>,
				1669	<code>Transform</code>, <code>X11</code>, or <code>User</code>. </p>
				1670
				1671
				1672	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1673
				1674	<pre>
				1675	convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
				1676	</pre>
				1677
				1678	<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
				1679	events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1680
				1681	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1682	debug</a>.</p>
				1683
				1684	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging
				1685	output.</p>
				1686
				1687	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1688
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1689	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
				1690	>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1691	environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
				1692	option.</p>
				1693
				1694
				1695	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1696	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				1697	</div>
				1698
				1699	<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
				1700
				1701	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				1702
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1703	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				1704	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1705	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1706
				1707
				1708	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1709	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
				1710	</div>
				1711
				1712	<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
				1713
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1714	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
				1715	href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1716	a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
				1717	</p>
				1718
				1719	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation
				1720	sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the
				1721	animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1722
				1723	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
				1724	method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
				1725
				1726
				1727	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1728	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
				1729	</div>
				1730
				1731	<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
				1732
				1733	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1734	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1735	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1736	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1737	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1738	as "Artifacts". </p>
				1739
				1740	<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1741	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1742	options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1743	previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1744	existing definitions.</p>
				1745
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1746	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
				1747	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1748	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1749
				1750	<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
				1751	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <var>value</var>
				1752	is case-dependent.</p>
				1753
				1754	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and affect all images and operations. </p>
				1755
				1756	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1757	available:</p>
				1758
				1759	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1760	<tr>
				1761	<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1762	<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
				1763	and <var>bmp4</var>. This option can be useful when the
				1764	method of prepending "BMP2:" to the output filename is inconvenient or
				1765	is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
				1766	</tr>
				1767
				1768	<tr>
				1769	<td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1770	<td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
				1771	grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
				1772	not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
				1773	-type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
				1774	</tr>
				1775
				1776	<tr>
				1777	<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
				1778	<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
				1779	</tr>
				1780
				1781	<tr>
				1782	<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
				1783	<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1784	-composite. See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html"
				1785	>Image Composition</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1786	</tr>
				1787
				1788	<tr>
				1789	<td>compose:clamp=<var>on\|off</var></td>
				1790	<td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
				1791	</tr>
				1792
				1793	<tr>
				1794	<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
				1795	<td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
				1796	full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
				1797	percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
				1798	An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
				1799	range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
				1800	example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
				1801	detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
				1802	pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
				1803	that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
				1804	is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
				1805	The default is 0.</td>
				1806	</tr>
				1807
				1808	<tr>
				1809	<td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1810	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
				1811	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1812	</tr>
				1813
				1814	<tr>
				1815	<td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
				1816	<td>Sets the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
				1817	DCM image format.</td>
				1818	</tr>
				1819
				1820	<tr>
				1821	<td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1822	<td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
				1823	</tr>
				1824
				1825	<tr>
				1826	<td>dds:compression=<var>dxt1\|dxt5\|none</var></td>
				1827	<td>Sets the dds compression.</td>
				1828	</tr>
				1829
				1830	<tr>
				1831	<td>dds:mipmaps=<var>value</var></td>
				1832	<td>Sets the dds number of mipmaps.</td>
				1833	</tr>
				1834
				1835	<tr>
				1836	<td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1837	<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
				1838	</tr>
				1839
				1840	<tr>
				1841	<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
				1842	<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
				1843	</tr>
				1844
				1845	<tr>
				1846	<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1847	<td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				1848	>-distort</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1849	</tr>
				1850
				1851	<tr>
				1852	<td>distort:viewport=<var>WxH+X+Y</var></td>
				1853	<td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
				1854	</tr>
				1855
				1856	<tr>
				1857	<td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
				1858	<td>Specifies the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
				1859	<code>neato</code>).</td>
				1860	</tr>
				1861
				1862	<tr>
				1863	<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
				1864	<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
				1865	See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
				1866	</tr>
				1867
				1868	<tr>
				1869	<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
				1870	<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
				1871	<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
				1872	<var>forward</var>.</td>
				1873	</tr>
				1874
				1875	<tr>
				1876	<td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1877	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				1878	<var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
				1879	except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var></td>. If this
				1880	option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
				1881	images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
				1882	</tr>
				1883
				1884	<tr>
				1885	<td>icon:auto-resize</td>
				1886	<td>Automatically stores multiple sizes when writing an ico image
				1887	(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
				1888	</tr>
				1889
				1890	<tr>
				1891	<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
				1892	<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
				1893	and J2K</td>
				1894	</tr>
				1895
				1896	<tr>
				1897	<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
				1898	<td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1899	</tr>
				1900
				1901	<tr>
				1902	<td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
				1903	<td>choose from LRCP, RLCP, RPCL, PCRL or CPRL. Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1904	J2K</td>
				1905	</tr>
				1906
				1907	<tr>
				1908	<td>jp2:quality=<var>value,value...</var></td>
				1909	<td>Sets the quality layer PSNR, given in dB. The order is from left to
				1910	right in ascending order. The default is a single lossless quality layer.
				1911	Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1912	</tr>
				1913
				1914	<tr>
				1915	<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
				1916	<td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1917	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1918	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1919	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
				1920	results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1921	</tr>
				1922
				1923	<tr>
				1924	<td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
				1925	<td>Sets the number of highest resolution levels to be discarded.Same for
				1926	JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1927	</tr>
				1928
				1929	<tr>
				1930	<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1931	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1932	</tr>
				1933
				1934	<tr>
				1935	<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
				1936	<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
				1937	quantizing.</td>
				1938	</tr>
				1939
				1940	<tr>
				1941	<td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
				1942	<td>Choose from <code>default</code>, <code>fastest</code>,
				1943	<code>float</code>, <code>ifast</code>, and <code>islow</code>.</td>
				1944	</tr>
				1945
				1946	<tr>
				1947	<td>jpeg:extent=<var>value</var></td>
				1948	<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
				1949	jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
				1950	compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1951	exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
				1952	starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
				1953	100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
				1954	-quality setting was ignored.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1955	</tr>
				1956
				1957	<tr>
				1958	<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1959	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1960	</tr>
				1961
				1962	<tr>
				1963	<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1964	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1965	</tr>
				1966
				1967	<tr>
				1968	<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1969	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1970	</tr>
				1971
				1972	<tr>
				1973	<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1974	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1975	</tr>
				1976
				1977	<tr>
				1978	<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
				1979	<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
				1980	example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
				1981	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
				1982	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</td>
				1983	</tr>
				1984
				1985	<tr>
				1986	<td>json:features</td>
				1987	<td>includes features in verbose information</td>
				1988	</tr>
				1989
				1990	<tr>
				1991	<td>json:limit</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1992	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1993	</tr>
				1994
				1995	<tr>
				1996	<td>json:locate</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1997	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1998	</tr>
				1999
				2000	<tr>
				2001	<td>json:moments</td>
				2002	<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
				2003	</tr>
				2004
				2005	<tr>
				2006	<td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2007	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				2008	This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>.
				2009	</tr>
				2010
				2011	<tr>
				2012	<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
				2013	<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
				2014	</tr>
				2015
				2016	<tr>
				2017	<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2018	<td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
				2019	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2020	typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
				2021	kernels. </td>
				2022	</tr>
				2023
				2024	<tr>
				2025	<td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2026	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2027	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2028	</tr>
				2029
				2030	<tr>
				2031	<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
				2032
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2033	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2034	<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2035	<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
				2036	being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
				2037	allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
				2038	</tr>
				2039
				2040	<tr>
				2041	<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2042	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2043	</tr>
				2044
				2045	<tr>
				2046	<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2047	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2048	</tr>
				2049
				2050	<tr>
				2051	<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2052	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2053	</tr>
				2054
				2055	<tr>
				2056	<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2057	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2058	</tr>
				2059	<tr>
				2060	<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				2061	<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				2062	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				2063	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				2064	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				2065	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				2066	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				2067	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				2068	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				2069	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
				2070	<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> directives to
				2071	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				2072	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
				2073	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
				2074	8-bit depth.</td>
				2075	</tr>
				2076
				2077	<tr>
				2078	<td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
				2079	<td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
				2080	5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
				2081	adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression, 8 means
				2082	Z_RLE strategy with adaptive filtering, and 9 means Z_RLE strategy with no
				2083	filtering.</td>
				2084	</tr>
				2085
				2086	<tr>
				2087	<td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
				2088	<td> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
				2089	compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</td>
				2090	</tr>
				2091
				2092	<tr>
				2093	<td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
				2094	<td> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
				2095	rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
				2096	that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
				2097	values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
				2098	instead.</td>
				2099	</tr>
				2100
				2101	<tr>
				2102	<td>png:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2103	<td> valid values are <var>png8</var>, <var>png24</var>,
				2104	<var>png32</var>, <var>png48</var>,
				2105	<var>png64</var>, and <var>png00</var>.
				2106	This property can be useful for specifying
				2107	the specific PNG format to be used, when the usual method of prepending the
				2108	format name to the output filename is inconvenient, such as when writing
				2109	a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
				2110	Value = <var>png8</var> reduces the number of colors to 256,
				2111	only one of which may be fully transparent, if necessary. The other
				2112	values do not force any reduction of quality; it is an error to request
				2113	a format that cannot represent the image data without loss (except that
				2114	it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
				2115	Value = <var>png24</var> and <var>png48</var>
				2116	allow transparency, only if a single color is fully transparent and that
				2117	color does not also appear in an opaque pixel; such transparency is
				2118	written in a PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk.
				2119	Value = <var>png00</var> causes the image to inherit its
				2120	color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
				2121	a PNG.</td>
				2122	</tr>
				2123
				2124	<tr>
				2125	<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2126
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2127	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2128	<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2129	<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				2130
				2131	<p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				2132	as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
				2133	(which can include the word <var>date</var>, the word
				2134	<var>all</var>, or the word <var>none</var>).
				2135	Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
				2136	names if you prefer.</p>
				2137
				2138	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				2139	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				2140
				2141	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is excluded and
				2142	the <code>gAMA</code> chunk is included, the <code>gAMA</code> chunk will
				2143	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				2144	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				2145	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				2146	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				2147
				2148	<pre>
				2149	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				2150	</pre>
				2151
				2152	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
				2153	the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
				2154	the PNG encoder will write the <code>sRGB</code> chunk instead of the
				2155	entire ICC profile. To force the PNG encoder to write the sRGB
				2156	profile as an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the output PNG instead of the
				2157	<code>sRGB</code> chunk, exclude the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.</p>
				2158
				2159	<p>The critical PNG chunks <code>IHDR</code>, <code>PLTE</code>,
				2160	<code>IDAT</code>, and <code>IEND</code> cannot be excluded. Any such
				2161	entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				2162
				2163	<p>If the ancillary PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk is excluded and the
				2164	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				2165	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				2166	<code>tRNS</code> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				2167	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				2168
				2169	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				2170	following for PNG output:</p>
				2171
				2172	<pre>
				2173	-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
				2174	</pre>
				2175
				2176	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				2177	plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
				2178	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				2179	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				2180	PNG specification.</p>
				2181
				2182	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				2183	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				2184	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				2185	<code>bKGD</code>, <code>cHRM</code>, <code>gAMA</code>, <code>iCCP</code>,
				2186	<code>oFFs</code>, <code>pHYs</code>, <code>sRGB</code>, <code>tEXt</code>,
				2187	<code>tRNS</code>, <code>vpAg</code>, and <code>zTXt</code>.</p>
				2188
				2189	<p>You can also put <code>date</code> in the list to include or exclude
				2190	the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
				2191	inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
				2192	</tr>
				2193
				2194	<tr>
				2195	<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2196	<td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2197	try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
				2198	the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
				2199	is suppressed.</td>
				2200	</tr>
				2201
				2202	<tr>
				2203	<td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2204	<td>By default, the PNG decoder and encoder examine any ICC profile
				2205	that is present, either from an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the PNG
				2206	input or supplied via an option, and if the profile is recognized
				2207	to be the sRGB profile, converts it to the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.
				2208	You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
				2209	this from happening; in such cases the <code>iCCP</code> chunk
				2210	will be read or written and no <code>sRGB</code> chunk will be
				2211	written. There are some ICC profiles that claim to be sRGB but
				2212	have various errors that cause them to be rejected by libpng16; such
				2213	profiles are recognized anyhow and converted to the <code>sRGB</code>
				2214	chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
				2215	is present. Note that not all "sRGB" ICC profiles are recognized
				2216	yet; we will add them to the list as we encounter them.</td>
				2217	</tr>
				2218
				2219	<tr>
				2220	<td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2221	<td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
				2222	network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
				2223	fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
				2224	in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
				2225	must appear before the input filename on the commandline. The swapping
				2226	is done during the libpng decoding operation.</td>
				2227	</tr>
				2228
				2229	<tr>
				2230	<td>profile:skip=<var>name1,name2,...</var></td>
				2231	<td>Skip the named profile[s] when reading the image. Use skip="*" to
				2232	skip all named profiles in the image. Many named profiles exist,
				2233	including ICC, EXIF, APP1, IPTC, XMP, and others.</td>
				2234	</tr>
				2235
				2236	<tr>
				2237	<td>ps:imagemask</td>
				2238	<td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
				2239	create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
				2240	imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
				2241	</tr>
				2242
				2243	<tr>
				2244	<td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
				2245	<td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
				2246	for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
				2247	image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
				2248	as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
				2249	prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
				2250	image.</td>
				2251	</tr>
				2252
				2253	<tr>
				2254	<td>quantum:format=<var>type</var></td>
				2255	<td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
				2256	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				2257	to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
				2258	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				2259	If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
				2260	double precision floating point format.</td>
				2261	</tr>
				2262
				2263	<tr>
				2264	<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
				2265	<td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF image
				2266	file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
				2267	<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
				2268	</tr>
				2269
				2270	<tr>
				2271	<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2272	<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2273	expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2274	</tr>
				2275
				2276	<tr>
				2277	<td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2278	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2279	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2280	</tr>
				2281
				2282	<tr>
				2283	<td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
				2284	<td>Set the stream buffer size. Select 0 for unbuffered I/O.</td>
				2285	</tr>
				2286
				2287	<tr>
				2288	<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated\|unassociated\|unspecified</var></td>
				2289	<td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or unspecified </td>
				2290	</tr>
				2291
				2292	<tr>
				2293	<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2294	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2295	</tr>
				2296
				2297	<tr>
				2298	<td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>false</var></td>
				2299	<td>Skips reading the EXIF properties.</td>
				2300	</tr>
				2301
				2302	<tr>
				2303	<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2304	<td>&nbsp</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2305	</tr>
				2306
				2307	<tr>
				2308	<td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
				2309	<td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
				2310	</tr>
				2311
				2312	<tr>
				2313	<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
				2314	<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
				2315	</tr>
				2316
				2317	<tr>
				2318	<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
				2319	<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
				2320	</tr>
				2321
				2322	<tr>
				2323	<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
				2324	<td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
				2325	PTIF: before the outputname</td>
				2326	</tr>
				2327	</table>
				2328
				2329	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				2330	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
				2331
				2332	<pre>
				2333	convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
				2334	</pre>
				2335
				2336	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				2337	<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				2338	use:</p>
				2339
				2340	<pre>
				2341	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				2342	</pre>
				2343
				2344	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2345	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2346	</div>
				2347
				2348	<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
				2349
				2350	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
				2351	<var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
				2352	next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image
				2353	sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				2354
				2355	<p>Use <code>></code> to change the image delay <var>only</var> if its current
				2356	value exceeds the given delay. <code><</code> changes the image delay
				2357	<var>only</var> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if
				2358	you specify <code>30></code> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does
				2359	not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed
				2360	to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the
				2361	<code><</code> or <code>></code> from being interpreted by your shell as
				2362	a file redirection.</p>
				2363
				2364
				2365	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2366	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
				2367	</div>
				2368
				2369	<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
				2370
				2371	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				2372	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
				2373	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
				2374	a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
				2375	<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				2376
				2377
				2378	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2379	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2380	</div>
				2381
				2382	<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
				2383
				2384	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster
				2385	image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
				2386	as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
				2387	provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2388	raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
				2389	href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2390	instead.</p>
				2391
				2392	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
				2393	point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are
				2394	normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300,
				2395	600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use
				2396	a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the
				2397	number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				2398
				2399	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the
				2400	stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image
				2401	resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not
				2402	stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using
				2403	its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
				2404	file header.</p>
				2405
				2406	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var> and
				2407	does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the
				2408	rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied
				2409	to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different
				2410	resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				2411
				2412	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2413	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
				2414	</div>
				2415
				2416	<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
				2417
				2418	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option
				2419	to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
				2420	or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				2421
				2422	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2423	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
				2424	</div>
				2425
				2426	<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
				2427
				2428	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2429	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold</var></h3>
				2430	</div>
				2431
				2432	<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
				2433
				2434	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
				2435	<var>width</var></code> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel
				2436	width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				2437
				2438	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2439	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
				2440	</div>
				2441
				2442	<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
				2443
				2444	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2445	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
				2446	</div>
				2447
				2448	<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
				2449
				2450	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2451	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var><br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2452	</div>
				2453
				2454	<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
				2455
				2456	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
				2457	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
				2458	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				2459	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				2460	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				2461	behind it. </p>
				2462
				2463	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				2464	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				2465	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				2466	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				2467
				2468	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				2469	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				2470	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				2471	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				2472	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				2473	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				2474	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				2475
				2476	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				2477	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
				2478	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
				2479	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
				2480	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
				2481	into the overlay area. </p>
				2482
				2483	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				2484	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				2485	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				2486	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				2487
				2488	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				2489	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
				2490	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
				2491	specify a third image which is normally used as a <var>mask</var>,
				2492	the <var>composite image</var> is used for horizontal X
				2493	displacement, while the <var>mask image</var> is used for vertical Y
				2494	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				2495	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				2496	the <var>scale</var> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
				2497	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				2498	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
				2499
				2500	<p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
				2501	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				2502	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				2503	</p>
				2504
				2505	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
				2506	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				2507	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				2508
				2509
				2510	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2511	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
				2512	</div>
				2513
				2514	<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
				2515
				2516	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this
				2517	X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
				2518
				2519	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2520	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
				2521	</div>
				2522
				2523	<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
				2524
				2525	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				2526	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				2527	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				2528	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				2529
				2530	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				2531
				2532	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2533	<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
				2534	<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
				2535	<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
				2536	<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
				2537	</dl>
				2538
				2539	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				2540	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				2541
				2542	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
				2543
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2544	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2545	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2546
				2547	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
				2548	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2549
				2550	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2551	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				2552	</div>
				2553
				2554	<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
				2555
				2556
				2557	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2558	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
				2559	</div>
				2560
				2561	<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
				2562
				2563	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2564	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <var>src_percent</var>
				2565	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
				2566	transparent at a value of '<code>200</code>'. If both percentages
				2567	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2568
				2569	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2570	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2571	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2572
				2573	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2574	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
				2575	</div>
				2576
				2577	<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
				2578
				2579	<p>The <var>arguments</var> is a single string containing a list
				2580	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2581	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <var>method</var> being used. </p>
				2582
				2583	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2584
				2585	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				2586	<tr>
				2587	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2588	<th>Description</th>
				2589	</tr>
				2590
				2591	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2592	<td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2593	<td>
				2594	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2595	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2596	is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
				2597	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2598	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2599	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2600
				2601	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2602	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2603
				2604	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2605	<dt>2:</dt><dd><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2606	<dt>3:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
				2607	<dt>4:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2608	<dt>5:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
				2609	<dt>6:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2610	<dt>7:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2611	</dl>
				2612
				2613	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
				2614	'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2615
				2616	<tr>
				2617	<td>Affine</td>
				2618	<td>
				2619	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
				2620	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
				2621	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2622	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2623	also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2624	distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2625
				2626	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2627	squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
				2628	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
				2629	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
				2630	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2631	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2632	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2633
				2634	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2635	</td>
				2636
				2637	</tr>
				2638
				2639	<tr>
				2640	<td>AffineProjection</td>
				2641	<td>
				2642	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2643	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2644	the source image to the destination image.
				2645
				2646	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2647	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2648	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2649	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2650	</var></p>
				2651
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2652	See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2653	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2654
				2655	The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
				2656	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2657	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2658	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2659	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2660
				2661	</tr>
				2662
				2663	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2664	<td>BilinearForward<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2665	BilinearReverse</td>
				2666	<td>
				2667	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2668	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2669	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2670	consistent. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2671
				2672	The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
				2673	quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
				2674	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2675	in each case. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2676
				2677	Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2678	which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2679	color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2680	may disappear. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2681
				2682	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2683	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2684	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2685
				2686	</td>
				2687	</tr>
				2688
				2689	<tr>
				2690	<td>Perspective</td>
				2691	<td>
				2692	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2693	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2694	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2695	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
				2696	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2697	linear distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2698
				2699	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2700	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2701	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2702	<a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2703	</tr>
				2704
				2705	<tr>
				2706	<td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
				2707	<td>
				2708	Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
				2709	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2710	at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2711	'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2712	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2713	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2714
				2715	</tr>
				2716
				2717	<tr>
				2718	<td>Arc</td>
				2719	<td>
				2720	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2721	a circle.
				2722
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2723	<p><dl class="dl-horizontal">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2724	<dt>arc_angle</dt>
				2725	<dd>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
				2726	<dt>rotate_angle</dt>
				2727	<dd>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
				2728	<dt>top_radius</dt>
				2729	<dd>Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
				2730	<dt>bottom_radius </dt>
				2731	<dd>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2732	</dl></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2733
				2734	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2735	(as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2736	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2737	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2738	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2739
				2740	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2741	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2742	conversion. </td>
				2743	</tr>
				2744
				2745	<tr>
				2746	<td>Polar</td>
				2747	<td>
				2748	Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2749	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2750	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2751	angle limits. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2752
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2753	Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2754
				2755	All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
				2756	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2757	to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
				2758	'0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2759	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2760	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2761	'-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2762	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2763	but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2764	the same arguments. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2765
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2766	If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2767	output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
				2768	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2769	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2770
				2771	</tr>
				2772
				2773	<tr>
				2774	<td>DePolar</td>
				2775	<td>
				2776	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2777	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2778
				2779	The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
				2780	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2781	<var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
				2782	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2783	generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
				2784	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2785
				2786	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2787	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
				2788	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
				2789	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2790	a high quality result. </td>
				2791
				2792	</tr>
				2793
				2794	<tr>
				2795	<td>Barrel</td>
				2796	<td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2797	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2798	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2799	Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
				2800	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2801	lines straight again. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2802
				2803	<p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2804	<var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2805	or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2806	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
				2807	[ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
				2808	So that it forms the function
				2809	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2810	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2811
				2812	Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2813	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2814	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2815	correct lens distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2816	</td>
				2817
				2818	</tr>
				2819
				2820	<tr>
				2821	<td>BarrelInverse</td>
				2822	<td>
				2823	This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
				2824	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2825	of the radial polynomial,
				2826	so that it forms the function
				2827	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2828	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2829	Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
				2830	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2831
				2832	</td>
				2833	</tr>
				2834
				2835	<tr>
				2836	<td>Shepards</td>
				2837	<td>
				2838	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2839	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
				2840	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2841	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2842	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2843	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2844	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2845	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2846	their movement. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2847
				2848	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2849	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2850	position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2851
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2852	Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2853	href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2854	the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2855
				2856	</td>
				2857	</tr>
				2858
				2859	</table>
				2860
				2861	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				2862	distort</a>.</p>
				2863
				2864	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<code>Affine</code>',
				2865	'<code>Perspective</code>', and '<code>Shepards</code>' use a list control points
				2866	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2867	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2868	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2869	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2870	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2871	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2872	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2873	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2874	...
				2875	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2876	</var></p>
				2877	<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
				2878	destination image. </p>
				2879
				2880	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion,
				2881	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2882	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2883	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2884	understand.</p>
				2885
				2886	<pre>
				2887	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
				2888	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
				2889	rose_3d_rotated.gif"
				2890	</pre>
				2891
				2892	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2893	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2894	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2895	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2896	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usually a linear
				2897	'<code>Affine</code>' distortion). </p>
				2898
				2899	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
				2900	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2901	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2902	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
				2903
				2904	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2905	resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2906	EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
				2907	images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
				2908	using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
				2909	a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
				2910
				2911	<pre>
				2912	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
				2913	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
				2914	checks_tiled.jpg
				2915	</pre>
				2916
				2917	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2918	be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
				2919	each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2920	resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2921	'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
				2922	</p>
				2923
				2924	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2925	example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
				2926	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2927	what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
				2928	ground. </p>
				2929
				2930	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2931	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
				2932	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2933	the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2934	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2935	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2936	may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2937	is unwanted. </p>
				2938
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2939	<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2940	href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2941	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2942	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2943
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2944	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
				2945	>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2946	specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
				2947	distorted image space.</p>
				2948
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2949	<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2950	distort:scale={scale_factor}</code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
				2951	otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
				2952	distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
				2953	a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
				2954	appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2955
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2956	<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2957	will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
				2958	Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
				2959	lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
				2960
				2961
				2962	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2963	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
				2964	</div>
				2965
				2966	<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
				2967
				2968	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2969	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
				2970	</div>
				2971
				2972	<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
				2973	images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically
				2974	when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default.</p>
				2975
				2976	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the
				2977	eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This
				2978	reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of
				2979	a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of
				2980	colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
				2981
				2982	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2983	setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2984	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2985	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2986	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2987	color gradients. </p>
				2988
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2989	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2990	href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
				2991	href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2992	color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
				2993	color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
				2994	as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
				2995	in these cases. </p>
				2996
				2997	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2998	to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
				2999	href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3000	patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				3001
				3002
				3003	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3004	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
				3005	</div>
				3006
				3007	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
				3008
				3009	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic
				3010	primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel
				3011	operations.</p>
				3012
				3013	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				3014
				3015	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3016	<dt>point</dt><dd> x,y</dd>
				3017	<dt>line</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3018	<dt>rectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3019	<dt>roundRectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
				3020	<dt>arc</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
				3021	<dt>ellipse</dt><dd> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
				3022	<dt>circle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3023	<dt>polyline</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3024	<dt>polygon</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3025	<dt>bezier</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3026	<dt>path</dt><dd>specification </dd>
				3027	<dt>image</dt><dd> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
				3028	</dl>
				3029
				3030	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				3031
				3032	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3033	<dt>text</dt><dd>x0,y0 string</dd>
				3034	</dl>
				3035	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				3036
				3037	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3038	<dt>gravity</dt><dd>NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
				3039	</dl>
				3040
				3041	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3042	interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
				3043	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3044	scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				3045
				3046	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				3047
				3048	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3049	<dt>rotate</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3050	<dt>translate</dt><dd>dx,dy</dd>
				3051	<dt>scale</dt><dd>sx,sy</dd>
				3052	<dt>skewX</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3053	<dt>skewY</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3054	</dl>
				3055
				3056	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				3057
				3058	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3059	<dt>color</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3060	<dt>matte</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3061	</dl>
				3062
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3063	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
				3064	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
				3065	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
				3066	"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
				3067	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3068
				3069	<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
				3070	pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
				3071	<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3072	primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
				3073	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3074
				3075	<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				3076
				3077	<p>A <code>rectangle</code> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the
				3078	upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				3079
				3080	<p>A <code>roundRectangle</code> primitive takes the same corner points as
				3081	a <code>rectangle</code> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners
				3082	to be removed.</p>
				3083
				3084	<p>The <code>circle</code> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled).
				3085	Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				3086
				3087	<p>The <code>arc</code> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in
				3088	to a given rectangle. An <code>arc</code> requires the two corners used for
				3089	<code>rectangle</code> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the
				3090	arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end
				3091	points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment
				3092	of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				3093
				3094	<p>Use <code>ellipse</code> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the
				3095	center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
				3096	the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150
				3097	0,360).</p>
				3098
				3099	<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
				3100	more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
				3101	a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3102	point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
				3103	href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3104	a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
				3105
				3106	<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
				3107	optional comma. </p>
				3108
				3109	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
				3110	150,150 use:</p>
				3111
				3112	<pre>
				3113	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				3114	</pre>
				3115
				3116	<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
				3117	or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
				3118	<var>knots</var> and these points are attained by the curve, while any
				3119	intermediate coordinates are <var>control points</var>. If two control points
				3120	are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective
				3121	control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If
				3122	one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one
				3123	control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If
				3124	more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points
				3125	act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order
				3126	to draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the
				3127	<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
				3128	the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				3129
				3130	<pre>
				3131	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				3132	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				3133	</pre>
				3134
				3135	<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
				3136	moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
				3137	a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the
				3138	current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
				3139	(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
				3140	one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3141	<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
				3142	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3143
				3144	<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
				3145	image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
				3146	filename:</p>
				3147
				3148	<pre>
				3149	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				3150	</pre>
				3151
				3152	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				3153	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				3154	dimensions. See <a href="compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				3155	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
				3156
				3157	<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
				3158	arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
				3159	</p>
				3160
				3161	<p>Use <code>text</code> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
				3162	coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in
				3163	single or double quotes.</p>
				3164
				3165	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
				3166	magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
				3167
				3168	<pre>
				3169	-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
				3170	</pre>
				3171
				3172	<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
				3173	to annotate an image with text.</p>
				3174
				3175	<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3176	text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a
				3177	href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3178	option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
				3179	region.</p>
				3180
				3181	<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
				3182	primitives.</p>
				3183
				3184	<p>The <code>scale</code> primitive scales them.</p>
				3185
				3186	<p>The <code>skewX</code> and <code>skewY</code> primitives skew them with respect
				3187	to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				3188
				3189	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
				3190	from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
				3191	option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
				3192	option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed
				3193	by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If another
				3194	<a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
				3195	reinitialized from the initial affine matrix.</p>
				3196
				3197	<p>Use the <code>color</code> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the
				3198	fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
				3199	a method:</p>
				3200
				3201	<pre>
				3202	point
				3203	replace
				3204	floodfill
				3205	filltoborder
				3206	reset
				3207	</pre>
				3208
				3209	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
				3210	<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
				3211	method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3212	<code>Floodfill</code> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
				3213	pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code> recolors any neighbor
				3214	pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <code>reset</code> recolors all
				3215	pixels.</p>
				3216
				3217	<p>Use <code>matte</code> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
				3218	Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <code>color</code> primitive
				3219	for a description of methods). The <code>point</code> method changes the matte
				3220	value of the target pixel. The <code>replace</code> method changes the matte
				3221	value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3222	<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
				3223	color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3224	changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
				3225	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3226	matte value of all pixels.</p>
				3227
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3228	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
				3229	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3230	respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
				3231	these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				3232
				3233	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
				3234	than 1.png).</p>
				3235
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3236	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3237	Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				3238
				3239
				3240	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3241	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
				3242	</div>
				3243
				3244	<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
				3245
				3246	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence.
				3247	The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the
				3248	sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
				3249	a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
				3250	0,2). Use <code>+duplicate</code> to duplicate the last image in the current
				3251	image sequence.</p>
				3252
				3253	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3254	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
				3255	</div>
				3256
				3257	<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
				3258
				3259	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3260	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
				3261	</div>
				3262
				3263	<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
				3264
				3265	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3266	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				3267	</div>
				3268
				3269	<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
				3270
				3271	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				3272
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3273	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
				3274	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3275	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				3276
				3277
				3278
				3279	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3280	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
				3281	</div>
				3282
				3283	<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
				3284
				3285	<p>Choose from</p>
				3286
				3287	<pre>
				3288	AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
				3289	AdobeStandard AppleRoman
				3290	BIG5 GB2312
				3291	Latin 2 None
				3292	SJIScode Symbol
				3293	Unicode Wansung
				3294	</pre>
				3295
				3296	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3297	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
				3298	</div>
				3299
				3300	<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
				3301
				3302	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				3303
				3304	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				3305
				3306
				3307	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3308	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
				3309	</div>
				3310
				3311	<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
				3312
				3313
				3314	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3315	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
				3316	</div>
				3317
				3318	<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
				3319
				3320	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the
				3321	image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then
				3322	equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				3323
				3324	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
				3325	-equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3326
				3327	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal
				3328	components transformation that puts most of the information in the first
				3329	channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
				3330	-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3331
				3332	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3333	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
				3334	</div>
				3335
				3336	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
				3337
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3338	<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
				3339	multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3340	elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				3341
				3342	<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
				3343	following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to
				3344	below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while
				3345	a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum
				3346	(installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
				3347	normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
				3348	calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
				3349
				3350	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3351	<col width="25%" />
				3352	<col width="75%" />
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3353	<thead>
				3354	<tr>
				3355	<th><var>operator</var></th>
				3356	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				3357	</tr>
				3358	</thead>
				3359	<tbody>
				3360
				3361	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
				3362	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels. </td></tr>
				3363	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels modulo <var>QuantumRange</var>.</td></tr>
				3364	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3365	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3366	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3367	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3368	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3369	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3370	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				3371	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3372	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
				3373	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
				3374	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3375	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3376	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3377	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3378	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3379	<tr><td>RMS</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3380	<tr><td>RootMeanSquare</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3381	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3382	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3383	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <var>value</var> from pixels.</td></tr>
				3384	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <var>value.</var></td></tr>
				3385
				3386	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3387
				3388	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3389	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3390	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3391	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3392	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3393	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3394
				3395	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3396
				3397	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3398	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3399	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <var>value</var>. </td></tr>
				3400	</tbody>
				3401	</table>
				3402
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3403	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				3404	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3405	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				3406	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				3407	<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				3408	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
				3409	as a percentage of the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3410
				3411	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				3412	<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				3413
				3414	<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3415	<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				3416	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3417	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3418	Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				3419	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3420	'alpha' values.</p>
				3421
				3422	<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
				3423	addition modulo the <var>QuantumRange</var>. It is therefore
				3424	equivalent to <code>Add</code> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the
				3425	interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. </p>
				3426
				3427	<p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
				3428	works on normalized pixel values. The <var>value</var> used with
				3429	<code>Exp</code> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential
				3430	function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
				3431	thus outside the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The
				3432	formula is expressed below. </p>
				3433
				3434	<p class="text-center">
				3435	exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
				3436	</p>
				3437
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3438	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
				3439	>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3440	the result.</p>
				3441
				3442	<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
				3443	normalized pixel values. This a <var>scaled</var> log function. The <var>value</var> used with <code>Log</code> provides a <var>scaling
				3444	factor</var> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The
				3445	formula applied to a normalized value <b><var>u</var></b> is below. </p>
				3446
				3447	<p class="text-center">
				3448	log(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b> + 1) / log(<var>value</var> + 1)
				3449	</p>
				3450
				3451	<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3452	normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
				3453	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3454	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3455	with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3456	with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
				3457
				3458	<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				3459	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				3460	The synonyms <code>Cos</code> and <code>Sin</code> may also be used. The output
				3461	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				3462	range. The <var>value</var> scaling of the <var>period</var> of the
				3463	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				3464	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <var>value</var> is 1, the effective period is simply the <var>QuantumRange</var>; but if the <var>value</var> is 2,
				3465	then the effective period is the <var>half</var> the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3466
				3467	<p class="text-center">
				3468	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
				3469	</p>
				3470
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3471	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3472	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
				3473
				3474	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3475	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
				3476	</div>
				3477
				3478	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
				3479	logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
				3480
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3481	<p>To print a complete list of <a
				3482	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
				3483	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3484
				3485	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3486	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3487	</div>
				3488
				3489	<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
				3490
				3491	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
				3492	To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
				3493	specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3494	specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				3495	>-compose</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3496
				3497	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				3498	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				3499	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				3500
				3501	<pre>
				3502	convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
				3503	-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
				3504	</pre>
				3505
				3506	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3507
				3508	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3509	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3510	</div>
				3511
				3512	<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
				3513
				3514	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
				3515	image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				3516
				3517	<pre>
				3518	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
				3519	image.rgb image.png",
				3520	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
				3521	image.rgb image.png"
				3522	</pre>
				3523
				3524	<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
				3525
				3526	<pre>
				3527	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
				3528	image.rgb image.png
				3529	</pre>
				3530
				3531	<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
				3532	equivalent to:</p>
				3533
				3534	<pre>
				3535	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
				3536	</pre>
				3537
				3538	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3539
				3540	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3541	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
				3542	</div>
				3543
				3544	<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
				3545
				3546	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for
				3547	rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font
				3548	(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
				3549	"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
				3550
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3551	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3552	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3553	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3554
				3555	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3556	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
				3557	</div>
				3558
				3559	<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
				3560
				3561	<pre>
				3562	Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
				3563	Contrast Entropy
				3564	Correlation Difference Variance
				3565	Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
				3566	Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
				3567	Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
				3568	Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
				3569	</pre>
				3570
				3571	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3572	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
				3573	</div>
				3574
				3575	<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				3576
				3577	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				3578	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
				3579	(spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is
				3580	represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying
				3581	amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along
				3582	the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are
				3583	complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for
				3584	example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier
				3585	Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier
				3586	Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier
				3587	Transform</a>.</p>
				3588
				3589	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the
				3590	output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
				3591	separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports
				3592	multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
				3593	frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be
				3594	visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
				3595	into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
				3596	magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3597	number. See for example, <a
				3598	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3599
				3600	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
				3601	formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
				3602	PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
				3603	formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				3604
				3605	<pre>
				3606	convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
				3607	</pre>
				3608
				3609	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
				3610	image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
				3611
				3612	<pre>
				3613	convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
				3614	</pre>
				3615
				3616	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
				3617	as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3618	force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
				3619	href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3620
				3621	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
				3622	is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
				3623	image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
				3624	and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3625	phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
				3626	href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3627
				3628	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
				3629	[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
				3630	Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but is scaled to span the full
				3631	dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
				3632	scaled). The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain
				3633	very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In
				3634	order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log
				3635	function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to
				3636	enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
				3637	be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				3638
				3639	<pre>
				3640	convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
				3641	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
				3642	</pre>
				3643
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3644	<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
				3645	href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3646	range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
				3647	typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
				3648	detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
				3649	visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				3650
				3651	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				3652	use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
				3653
				3654	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real
				3655	and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				3656
				3657	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values,
				3658	this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
				3659	use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
				3660	results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
				3661	values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
				3662	MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
				3663	types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
				3664
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3665	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
				3666	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3667	padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
				3668	images.</p>
				3669
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3670	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				3671	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				3672	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				3673	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
				3674	href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
				3675	>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
				3676	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3677	entry. </p>
				3678
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3679	<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3680
				3681
				3682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
				3684	</div>
				3685
				3686	<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
				3687
				3688	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3689	HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3690	a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				3691
				3692	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
				3693	the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				3694
				3695	<p>For example,</p>
				3696
				3697	<pre>
				3698	-fill blue
				3699	-fill "#ddddff"
				3700	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				3701	</pre>
				3702
				3703	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				3704
				3705	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				3706
				3707	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3708	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
				3709	</div>
				3710
				3711	<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
				3712
				3713	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3714	operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				3715	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3716
				3717	<pre>
				3718	Point Hermite Cubic
				3719	Box Gaussian Catrom
				3720	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				3721	</pre>
				3722
				3723	<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
				3724	as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
				3725	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				3726	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				3727	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
				3728
				3729	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3730	function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3731	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				3732	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
				3733
				3734	<pre>
				3735	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				3736	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				3737	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				3738	</pre>
				3739
				3740	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				3741	<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				3742	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				3743
				3744	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				3745	<code>Mitchell</code> for a colormapped image, an image with a matte channel, or
				3746	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				3747	<code>Lanczos</code>.</p>
				3748
				3749	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3750	filter</a> option.</p>
				3751
				3752	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3753	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
				3754	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3755
				3756	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				3757	<tr>
				3758	<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
				3759	<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
				3760	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				3761	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				3762	results. </td>
				3763	</tr>
				3764
				3765	<tr>
				3766	<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3767	<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				3768	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				3769	filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
				3770	<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				3771	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				3772	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				3773	</td>
				3774	</tr>
				3775
				3776	<tr>
				3777	<td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
				3778	<td>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
				3779	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				3780	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				3781	image distorts.</td>
				3782	</tr>
				3783
				3784	<tr>
				3785	<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
				3786	<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
				3787	sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
				3788	does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
				3789	to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
				3790	to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
				3791	(a value of '1/sqrt(2)') is another common setting. </td>
				3792	</tr>
				3793
				3794	<tr>
				3795	<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3796	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3797	<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
				3798	<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
				3799	<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
				3800	the <code>Parzen</code> cubic windowing function. If only one of the values
				3801	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
				3802	The values meaning was defined by a research paper by
				3803	Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
				3804	</tr>
				3805
				3806	<tr>
				3807	<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
				3808	<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
				3809	Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
				3810	does not effect any other attributes.
				3811	Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
				3812	inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
				3813	function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
				3814	assign it be more definitive. </td>
				3815	</tr>
				3816
				3817	<tr>
				3818	<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
				3819	<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
				3820	will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
				3821	and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
				3822	</tr>
				3823
				3824	<tr>
				3825	<td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3826	<td>Use this function directly as the weighting filter. This will allow
				3827	you to directly use a windowing function such as <code>Blackman</code>,
				3828	as a resampling filter, rather than as its normal usage as a windowing
				3829	function. If defined, no windowing function also defined, the window function is set
				3830	to <code>Box</code>). Directly specifying <code>Sinc</code> or <code>Jinc</code>
				3831	as a filter will also do this. </td>
				3832	</tr>
				3833
				3834	<tr>
				3835	<td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3836	<td>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <code>Sinc</code> and
				3837	<code>Jinc</code> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				3838	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				3839	function to be used as a windowing function for these IIR filters.
				3840	Many of the defined filters are actually windowing functions for these IIR
				3841	filters. A typical choices is <code>Box</code>, (which effectively turns
				3842	off the windowing function). </td>
				3843	</tr>
				3844
				3845	<tr>
				3846	<td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3847	<td>Scale windowing function to this size instead. This causes the windowing
				3848	(or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
				3849	larger than what is actually supplied to the calling operator. The filter
				3850	however is still clipped to the real support size given. If unset this
				3851	will equal the normal filter support size. </td>
				3852	</tr>
				3853
				3854	<tr>
				3855	<td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
				3856	<td>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				3857	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				3858	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				3859	easily graphed. Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other filters. The <code>Lanczos</code> filter for example is defined in terms of
				3860	a <code>SincFast</code> windowed <code>SincFast</code> filter, while
				3861	<code>Mitchell</code> is defined as a general <code>Cubic</code> family filter
				3862	with specific 'B' and 'C' settings. </td>
				3863	</tr>
				3864
				3865	</table>
				3866
				3867	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
				3868
				3869	<pre>
				3870	convert image.png \
				3871	-filter sinc \
				3872	-set filter:window=jinc \
				3873	-set filter:lobes=8 \
				3874	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3875	</pre>
				3876
				3877	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				3878
				3879	<pre>
				3880	convert image.png \
				3881	-set filter:filter=sinc \
				3882	-set filter:lobes=4 \
				3883	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				3884	</pre>
				3885
				3886	<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
				3887	a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
				3888	windowing function. </p>
				3889
				3890	<pre>
				3891	convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
				3892	-define filter:window=Welch \
				3893	-define filter:support=1.0 \
				3894	-define filter:verbose=1 \
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3895	-resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3896	gnuplot
				3897	set grid
				3898	plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
				3899	</pre>
				3900
				3901	<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
				3902	who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
				3903	knowledge, and an understanding of the definition of the actual filters
				3904	involved, using expert settings are more likely to be detrimental to your image
				3905	resizing.</p>
				3906
				3907
				3908	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3909	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
				3910	</div>
				3911
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3912	<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3913
				3914
				3915	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3916	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
				3917	</div>
				3918
				3919	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
				3920
				3921	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
				3922	upside-down. </p>
				3923
				3924
				3925	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3926	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
				3927	</div>
				3928
				3929	<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
				3930
				3931	<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3932	Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3933	given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3934	will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3935
				3936	<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3937	<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3938	action will be taken. </p>
				3939
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3940	<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3941	a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3942	point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3943	its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
				3944
				3945
				3946	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3947	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
				3948	</div>
				3949
				3950	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
				3951
				3952	<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
				3953	a vertical mirror. </p>
				3954
				3955
				3956	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3957	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
				3958	</div>
				3959
				3960	<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
				3961
				3962	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</a>
				3963	option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				3964
				3965	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				3966	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <code>Arial.ttf</code>
				3967	is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
				3968	<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
				3969
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3970	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3971	href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3972	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3973
				3974
				3975	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3976	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
				3977	</div>
				3978
				3979	<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
				3980
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3981	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				3982	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3983
				3984	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3985
				3986	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3987	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
				3988	</div>
				3989
				3990	<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
				3991
				3992	<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
				3993	image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3994	For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
				3995	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3996
				3997	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
				3998	filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
				3999	the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
				4000	example, if you specify <var>tiff</var> as the format type and the
				4001	input image filename is <var>image.gif</var>, the output image
				4002	filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
				4003
				4004	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4005	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
				4006	</div>
				4007
				4008	<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
				4009
				4010	<p>See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4011	Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this
				4012	option.</p>
				4013
				4014	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4015	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4016	</div>
				4017
				4018	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
				4019
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4020	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor"
				4021	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4022
				4023	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				4024	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				4025	in the <var>geometry</var> argument, then the border added is
				4026	a solid color. Offsets <var>x</var> and <var>y</var>, if present, specify that
				4027	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				4028	thickness <var>x</var> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				4029	<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				4030	</p>
				4031
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4032	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				4033	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4034	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				4035	size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4036	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				4037	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4038	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4039	'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				4040	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4041
				4042	<p>The image composition is not
				4043	affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				4044
				4045
				4046	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4047	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
				4048	</div>
				4049
				4050	<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
				4051	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4052	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
				4053	</div>
				4054
				4055	<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
				4056
				4057	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4058	each of the color values for each previously set <a
				4059	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
				4060	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4061	calculations are handled.</p>
				4062
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4063	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
				4064	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4065	ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				4066
				4067	<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
				4068	numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
				4069
				4070	<pre>
				4071	Polynomial
				4072	Sinusoid
				4073	Arcsin
				4074	Arctan
				4075	</pre>
				4076
				4077	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
				4078	use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				4079
				4080	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4081	<dt>Polynomial</dt>
				4082	<dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
				4083	these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
				4084	That is, entering</p>
				4085
				4086	<pre>
				4087	-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
				4088	</pre>
				4089
				4090	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				4091
				4092	<pre>
				4093	<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
				4094	</pre>
				4095
				4096	<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				4097
				4098	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
				4099	(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
				4100	<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4101	polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
				4102	href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4103	correspondences follow.</p>
				4104
				4105	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4106	<tr>
				4107	<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
				4108	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
				4109	<td>(Constant functions; set <var>value</var>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				4110	</tr>
				4111	<tr>
				4112	<td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
				4113	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
				4114	</tr>
				4115	<tr>
				4116	<td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
				4117	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
				4118	</tr>
				4119	<tr>
				4120	<td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
				4121	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
				4122	</tr>
				4123	<tr>
				4124	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				4125	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				4126	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				4127	</tr>
				4128	</table>
				4129
				4130	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function gives great versatility, since
				4131	polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy
				4132	desired.</p>
				4133
				4134	</dd>
				4135	<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
				4136	<dd>
				4137	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
				4138	sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
				4139	values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				4140
				4141	<pre>
				4142	-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4143	</pre>
				4144
				4145	<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
				4146	corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
				4147	The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
				4148	<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				4149
				4150	<pre>
				4151	<var>amp</var> * sin(2π (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
				4152	</pre>
				4153
				4154	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
				4155	(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
				4156	.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				4157
				4158	<pre>
				4159	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				4160	</pre>
				4161
				4162	<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
				4163	is 0.</p>
				4164
				4165	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function generalizes <code>Sin</code> and
				4166	<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
				4167	varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				4168
				4169	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4170	<tr>
				4171	<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
				4172	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
				4173	</tr>
				4174	<tr>
				4175	<td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
				4176	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
				4177	</tr>
				4178	</table>
				4179	</dd>
				4180	<dt>ArcSin</dt>
				4181	<dd>
				4182	<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				4183	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				4184	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
				4185	of values.</p>
				4186
				4187	<pre>
				4188	-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4189	</pre>
				4190
				4191	<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
				4192	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				4193	for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				4194
				4195	<pre>
				4196	<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4197	</pre>
				4198
				4199	</dd>
				4200	<dt>ArcTan</dt>
				4201	<dd>
				4202	<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				4203	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
				4204	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
				4205
				4206	<pre>
				4207	-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4208	</pre>
				4209
				4210	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				4211	</p>
				4212
				4213	<pre>
				4214	<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>π ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4215	</pre>
				4216	</dd>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4217	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4218	</dl>
				4219
				4220
				4221
				4222	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4223	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				4224	</div>
				4225
				4226	<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
				4227
				4228	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must
				4229	be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color
				4230	in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an
				4231	image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target
				4232	background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for
				4233	these differences.</p>
				4234
				4235	<p>The <var>distance</var> can be in absolute intensity units or, by
				4236	appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
				4237	65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				4238
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4239	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4240
				4241
				4242	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4243	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				4244	</div>
				4245
				4246	<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
				4247
				4248	<p>If the first character of <var>expression</var> is <code>@</code>,
				4249	the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
				4250	string.</p>
				4251
				4252	<p>See <a href="fx.html">FX,
				4253	The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this
				4254	option.</p>
				4255
				4256
				4257	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4258	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
				4259	</div>
				4260
				4261	<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
				4262
				4263	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
				4264	different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to
				4265	adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from
				4266	<code>0.8</code> to <code>2.3</code>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
				4267	gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
				4268	result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only
				4269	eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				4270
				4271	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
				4272	a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the
				4273	normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
				4274	same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				4275
				4276	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
				4277	the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
				4278	<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
				4279
				4280	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
				4281	image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
				4282	is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
				4283	(e.g. PNG images). Write the "file gamma" which is the reciprocal of the
				4284	display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
				4285	chunk, use</p>
				4286
				4287	<pre>
				4288	convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
				4289	</pre>
				4290
				4291	<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
				4292
				4293	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				4294
				4295	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4296	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4297	</div>
				4298
				4299	<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
				4300
				4301	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4302	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4303
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4304	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4305
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4306	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4307	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				4308
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4309	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4310	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				4311	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				4312	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				4313	</p>
				4314
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4315	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
				4316	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				4317	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				4318	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4319	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				4320
				4321	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
				4322	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				4323	neighboring pixels. </p>
				4324
				4325	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4326	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4327	</p>
				4328
				4329
				4330	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4331	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4332	</div>
				4333
				4334	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
				4335
				4336	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4337
				4338	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4339	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
				4340	</div>
				4341
				4342	<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
				4343
				4344	<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
				4345	<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4346	<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
				4347	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
				4348	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4349	installation.</p>
				4350
				4351	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
				4352	example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4353	the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>NorthWest</code>. See <a
				4354	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
				4355	text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
				4356	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4357
				4358	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
				4359	<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4360	take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
				4361	href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4362
				4363	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
				4364	or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
				4365	offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested
				4366	by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
				4367	command, for example, suppose the file <code>image.png</code> has dimensions
				4368	200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>
				4369	is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
				4370	<code>Center</code>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point
				4371	(100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving
				4372	(100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at
				4373	that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
				4374	region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
				4375	coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				4376
				4377	<pre>
				4378	convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
				4379	-negate output.png
				4380	</pre>
				4381
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4382	<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
				4383	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4384	within the composite.</p>
				4385
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4386	<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
				4387	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4388	within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
				4389
				4390
				4391	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4392	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
				4393	</div>
				4394
				4395	<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
				4396
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4397	<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4398	convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
				4399
				4400	<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
				4401
				4402	<pre>
				4403	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
				4404	</pre>
				4405
				4406	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4407
				4408	<pre>
				4409	convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
				4410	</pre>
				4411
				4412	<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
				4413
				4414	<pre>
				4415	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
				4416	</pre>
				4417
				4418	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4419
				4420	<pre>
				4421	convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
				4422	</pre>
				4423
				4424	<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
				4425	regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
				4426	intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
				4427	using. </p>
				4428
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4429	<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
				4430	it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4431	will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
				4432
				4433
				4434	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4435	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				4436	</div>
				4437
				4438	<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
				4439
				4440
				4441	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4442	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
				4443	</div>
				4444
				4445	<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
				4446
				4447	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				4448	dimensions. Create it with the <code>HALD:</code> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				4449	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				4450	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				4451
				4452	<pre>
				4453	convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
				4454	</pre>
				4455
				4456	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				4457	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				4458	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				4459
				4460	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				4461	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4462	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				4463	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4464	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				4465
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4466	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4467	of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler gray-scale
				4468	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				4469	mapping. </p>
				4470
				4471
				4472	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4473	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
				4474	</div>
				4475
				4476	<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
				4477
				4478	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4479	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				4480	</div>
				4481
				4482	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				4483
				4484	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4485	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
				4486	</div>
				4487
				4488	<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
				4489
				4490	<p>Use the Hough line detector with any binary edge extracted image to locate and draw any straight lines that it finds.</p>
				4491
				4492	<p>The process accumulates counts for every white pixel in the binary edge image for every possible orientation (for angles from 0 to 179 in 1 deg increments) and distance from the center of the image to the corners (in 1 px increments). It stores the counts in an accumulator matrix of angle vs distance. The size of the accumulator will be 180x(diagonal/2). Next it searches the accumulator for peaks in counts and converts the locations of the peaks to slope and intercept in the normal x,y input image space. The algorithm uses slope/intercepts to find the endpoints clipped to the bounds of the image. The lines are drawn from the given endpoints. The counts are a measure of the length of the lines.</p>.
				4493
				4494	<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
				4495
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4496	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4497
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4498	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4499
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4500	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4501
				4502	<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
				4503
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4504	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4505
				4506	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4507	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4508	</div>
				4509
				4510	<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
				4511
				4512	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same
				4513	manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
				4514	handle negative offsets.</p>
				4515
				4516	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4517
				4518	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4519	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
				4520	</div>
				4521
				4522	<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
				4523
				4524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
				4526	</div>
				4527
				4528	<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
				4529
				4530	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
				4531	the image class (<var>DirectClass</var> or <var>PseudoClass</var>); the total number of unique colors; and the
				4532	number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> for
				4533	a description of the image class.</p>
				4534
				4535	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4536	in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
				4537	href="quantize.html">color
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4538	reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				4539
				4540	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
				4541	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				4542	image histogram, and others.</p>
				4543
				4544	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4545	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
				4546	</div>
				4547
				4548	<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				4549
				4550	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				4551	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
				4552	images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4553	domain. See for example, <a
				4554	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4555	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
				4556	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
				4557
				4558	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
				4559	the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				4560
				4561	<pre>
				4562	convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4563	</pre>
				4564
				4565	<p>or</p>
				4566
				4567	<pre>
				4568	convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4569	</pre>
				4570
				4571	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4572	the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
				4573	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4574	the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
				4575
				4576	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				4577	use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
				4578
				4579	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real
				4580	and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
				4581	(spatial) domain.</p>
				4582
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4583	<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4584
				4585	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4586	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
				4587	</div>
				4588
				4589	<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
				4590
				4591	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4592	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
				4593	</div>
				4594
				4595	<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
				4596
				4597	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4598	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
				4599	</div>
				4600
				4601	<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
				4602
				4603	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it
				4604	at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is
				4605	calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such
				4606	<code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				4607
				4608	<p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
				4609	other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence.
				4610	Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				4611
				4612	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4613	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
				4614	</div>
				4615
				4616	<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
				4617
				4618	<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
				4619	operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
				4620	an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
				4621	<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
				4622	converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
				4623
				4624	<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
				4625	the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
				4626	being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
				4627
				4628	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4629	<dt>Rec601Luma</dt><dd> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
				4630	<dt>Rec601Luminance</dt><dd> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
				4631	<dt>Rec709Luma</dt><dd> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
				4632	<dt>Rec709Luminance</dt><dd> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
				4633	<dt>Brightness</dt><dd> max(R', G', B')</dd>
				4634	<dt>Lightness</dt><dd> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
				4635	</dl>
				4636
				4637	<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
				4638	R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
				4639
				4640	<p>These intensity methods are mathematical in nature and will use the
				4641	current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
				4642	what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
				4643
				4644	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4645	<dt>Average</dt><dd>(R + G + B) / 3.0</dd>
				4646	<dt>MS</dt><dd>(R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0</dd>
				4647	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
				4648	</dl>
				4649
				4650	<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4651	grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				4652	>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4653
				4654	<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
				4655	error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
				4656	example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4657	difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
				4658	href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4659
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4660	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
				4661	grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
				4662	href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4663
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4664	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4665	the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
				4666	appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
				4667	function.</p>
				4668
				4669	<p>To print a complete list of possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
				4670
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4671	<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4672
				4673	<pre>
				4674	-adaptive-blur
				4675	-adaptive-sharpen
				4676	-black-threshold
				4677	-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
				4678	-colors for gray colorspace
				4679	-compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
				4680	-contrast-stretch
				4681	-distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
				4682	-normalize
				4683	-random-threshold
				4684	-selective-blur
				4685	-shade
				4686	-threshold
				4687	-tint
				4688	-white-threshold
				4689	</pre>
				4690
				4691	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4692	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
				4693	</div>
				4694
				4695	<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
				4696
				4697	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see
				4698	<a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolute,
				4699	Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</code>.</p>
				4700
				4701	<p>The default intent is Perceptual for the sRGB colorspace and undefined for the RGB and gray colorspaces.</p>
				4702
				4703	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				4704
				4705	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4706	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
				4707	</div>
				4708
				4709	<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
				4710
				4711	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4712
				4713	<pre>
				4714	none
				4715	line
				4716	plane
				4717	partition
				4718	JPEG
				4719	GIF
				4720	PNG
				4721	</pre>
				4722
				4723	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
				4724	formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
				4725
				4726	<p><code>None</code> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				4727
				4728	<p><code>Line</code> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				4729
				4730	<p><code>Plane</code> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				4731
				4732	<p><code>Partition</code> is like plane except the different planes are saved to
				4733	individual files (e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</p>
				4734
				4735	<p>Use <code>Line</code> or <code>Plane</code> to create an <code>interlaced
				4736	PNG</code> or <code>GIF</code> or <code>progressive JPEG</code> image.</p>
				4737
				4738	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				4739	interlace</a>.</p>
				4740
				4741	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4742	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
				4743	</div>
				4744
				4745	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
				4746
				4747	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
				4748	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				4749	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				4750	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				4751	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				4752
				4753	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4754	<dt>integer</dt>
				4755	<dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
				4756	<dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
				4757	<dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
				4758	<dt>average</dt>
				4759	<dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
				4760	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				4761	<dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
				4762	<dt>mesh</dt>
				4763	<dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
				4764	<dt>bicubic</dt>
				4765	<dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
				4766	<dt>spline</dt>
				4767	<dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
				4768	<dt>filter</dt>
				4769	<dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
				4770	</dl>
				4771
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4772	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				4773	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
				4774	>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4775
				4776	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				4777
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4778	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4779	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				4780
				4781
				4782	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4783	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4784	</div>
				4785
				4786	<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
				4787
				4788	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4789	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4790	</div>
				4791
				4792	<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
				4793
				4794	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4795	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
				4796	</div>
				4797
				4798	<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
				4799
				4800	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4801	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4802	</div>
				4803
				4804	<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
				4805
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4806	<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4807
				4808
				4809	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4810	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
				4811	</div>
				4812
				4813	<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
				4814
				4815	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4816	or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4817	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				4818	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
				4819
				4820	<p>When saving an image to a <var>PostScript</var> file, any label
				4821	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				4822	image. </p>
				4823
				4824	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				4825	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4826	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
				4827
				4828	<p>For example,</p>
				4829
				4830	<pre>
				4831	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				4832	</pre>
				4833
				4834	<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
				4835	"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				4836	is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				4837	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				4838	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
				4839
				4840	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				4841	via <var>Label</var> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				4842	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				4843	during the final processing in the creation of an image montage.</p>
				4844
				4845	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				4846	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				4847	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				4848
				4849
				4850	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4851	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4852	</div>
				4853
				4854	<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
				4855
				4856	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				4857	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				4858	the optional <code>offset</code>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				4859	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				4860	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				4861	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				4862
				4863	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				4864	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				4865	the local background color, from which to separate the foreground color. </p>
				4866
				4867
				4868	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4869	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
				4870	</div>
				4871
				4872	<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
				4873
				4874	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				4875	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				4876	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				4877
				4878	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4879	<tbody>
				4880	<tr>
				4881	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				4882	<th>Description</th>
				4883	</tr>
				4884
				4885	<tr>
				4886	<td>compare-any</td>
				4887	<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4888	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				4889	href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4890	</tr>
				4891
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4892	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				4893	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4894	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				4895	'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
				4896	</tr>
				4897
				4898	<tr>
				4899	<td>compare-clear</td>
				4900	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
				4901	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				4902	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				4903	</tr>
				4904
				4905	<tr>
				4906	<td>compare-overlay</td>
				4907	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
				4908	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				4909	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				4910	</tr>
				4911
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4912	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4913	composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
				4914	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				4915	</tr>
				4916
				4917	<tr>
				4918	<td>coalesce</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4919	<td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
				4920	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4921	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				4922	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				4923	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				4924	</tr>
				4925
				4926	<tr>
				4927	<td>composite</td>
				4928	<td>Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				4929	"<code>null:</code>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				4930	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				4931	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				4932	image lists are removed. </td>
				4933	</tr>
				4934
				4935
				4936	<tr><td></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4937	<td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				4938	to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				4939	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
				4940	href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4941	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
				4942
				4943	<tr><td></td>
				4944	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
				4945	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				4946	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				4947	preserved. </td>
				4948	</tr>
				4949
				4950
				4951	<tr>
				4952	<td>dispose</td>
				4953	<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
				4954	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				4955	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4956	results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
				4957	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4958	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				4959	</td>
				4960	</tr>
				4961
				4962	<tr>
				4963	<td>flatten</td>
				4964	<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4965	canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
				4966	and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4967	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				4968	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				4969	</tr>
				4970
				4971	<tr><td></td>
				4972	<td>This usually used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
				4973	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				4974	</tr>
				4975
				4976	<tr><td></td>
				4977	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
				4978	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay an opaque color to remove
				4979	transparency from an image.</td>
				4980	</tr>
				4981
				4982
				4983	<tr>
				4984	<td>merge</td>
				4985	<td>As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				4986	layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
				4987	image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
				4988	will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				4989	negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				4990	</td>
				4991	</tr>
				4992
				4993	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
				4994	negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4995	Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4996	will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
				4997	overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
				4998	not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
				4999	</td>
				5000	</tr>
				5001
				5002	<tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
				5003	without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
				5004	</tr>
				5005
				5006	<tr>
				5007	<td>mosaic</td>
				5008	<td>As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				5009	of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
				5010	image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
				5011	by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
				5012	become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
				5013	if this could be a problem. </td>
				5014
				5015	</tr>
				5016
				5017	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
				5018	using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
				5019	resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
				5020	can be saved to any image file format. </td>
				5021	</tr>
				5022
				5023
				5024	<tr>
				5025	<td>optimize</td>
				5026	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				5027	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				5028	apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
				5029	'<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
				5030	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				5031	</tr>
				5032
				5033	<tr>
				5034	<td>optimize-frame</td>
				5035	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				5036	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				5037	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				5038	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				5039	</tr>
				5040
				5041	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
				5042	But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				5043	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				5044	optimizers seen. </td>
				5045	</tr>
				5046
				5047	<tr>
				5048	<td>optimize-plus</td>
				5049	<td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
				5050	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				5051	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				5052	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				5053	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				5054	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				5055	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				5056	'<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
				5057	</tr>
				5058
				5059	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
				5060	style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
				5061	though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
				5062	better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
				5063	animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
				5064	animation size. </td>
				5065	</tr>
				5066
				5067	<tr>
				5068	<td>optimize-transparency</td>
				5069	<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				5070	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5071	animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5072	</td>
				5073	</tr>
				5074
				5075	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
				5076	to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
				5077	(transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
				5078	the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				5079	</tr>
				5080
				5081	<tr>
				5082	<td>remove-dups</td>
				5083	<td>Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				5084	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				5085	</td>
				5086	</tr>
				5087
				5088	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
				5089	across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
				5090	smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
				5091	used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				5092	</tr>
				5093
				5094	<tr>
				5095	<td>remove-zero</td>
				5096	<td>Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				5097	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				5098	warning is then issued). </td>
				5099	</tr>
				5100
				5101	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
				5102	provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
				5103	actually displayed to users. These frames are usually added for
				5104	improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				5105	</tr>
				5106
				5107	<tr>
				5108	<td>trim-bounds</td>
				5109	<td>Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				5110	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				5111	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
				5112	merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
				5113	All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
				5114	a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
				5115	each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
				5116	will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
				5117	edges however may be transparent. </td>
				5118	</tr>
				5119
				5120	<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5121	<a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5122	have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
				5123	'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
				5124	</tr>
				5125
				5126	</tbody>
				5127	</table>
				5128
				5129	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				5130
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5131	<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5132	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
				5133	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
				5134	the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
				5135	>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
				5136	GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5137	settings. </p>
				5138
				5139
				5140	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5141	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
				5142	</div>
				5143
				5144	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
				5145
				5146	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				5147	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				5148	white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
				5149	100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
				5150	If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5151	points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
				5152	href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5153	default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				5154
				5155	<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
				5156	the given '<code>black_point</code>' value in the original image is set to zero
				5157	(or black), while the given '<code>white_point</code>' value is set to <var>QuantumRange</var> (or white). This provides you with direct
				5158	contrast adjustments to the image. The '<code>gamma</code>' of the resulting
				5159	image will then be adjusted. </p>
				5160
				5161	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
				5162	(<code>+level</code>) or adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument
				5163	list, will cause the operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That
				5164	is a zero, or <var>QuantumRange</var> value (black, and white, resp.)
				5165	in the original image, is adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to
				5166	de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
				5167	'<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
				5168	image is made. </p>
				5169
				5170	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				5171	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				5172	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				5173
				5174	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5175	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5176
				5177
				5178	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5179	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
				5180	</div>
				5181
				5182	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
				5183
				5184	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that the
				5185	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				5186	'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
				5187	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				5188
				5189	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
				5190	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
				5191	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
				5192	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
				5193
				5194	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
				5195	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
				5196	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
				5197	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				5198	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				5199
				5200	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				5201	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
				5202	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
				5203	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				5204	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				5205	color (+ form). </p>
				5206
				5207
				5208	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5209	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
				5210	</div>
				5211
				5212	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
				5213
				5214	<p>Choose from: <code>area</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>,
				5215	<code>map</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>thread</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
				5216
				5217	<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
				5218	in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
				5219	with SI prefixes (.e.g 100MB).</p>
				5220
				5221	<p>By default the limits are 768 files, 3GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 3GiB
				5222	memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the
				5223	available resources on your computer if this information is available. When
				5224	any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take
				5225	compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
				5226	memory:</p>
				5227
				5228	<pre>
				5229	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
				5230	</pre>
				5231
				5232	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				5233
				5234	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5235	-> identify -list resource
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5236	Resource limits:
				5237	Width: 100MP
				5238	Height: 100MP
				5239	Area: 25.181GB
				5240	Memory: 11.726GiB
				5241	Map: 23.452GiB
				5242	Disk: unlimited
				5243	File: 768
				5244	Thread: 12
				5245	Throttle: 0
				5246	Time: unlimited
				5247	</pre>
				5248
				5249	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
				5250	of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5251	disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5252	and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
				5253	allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
				5254	request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
				5255	<code>area</code> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				5256
				5257	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical
				5258	image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in
				5259	memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the
				5260	<code>memory</code> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If
				5261	a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file
				5262	is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
				5263	<code>map</code> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if
				5264	the resource request exceeds the <code>area</code> limit, the pixels are
				5265	automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program
				5266	fails.</p>
				5267
				5268	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource
				5269	limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax
				5270	your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process
				5271	images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all
				5272	or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows
				5273	other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under
				5274	these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick
				5275	workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For
				5276	example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from
				5277	the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
				5278	simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
				5279
				5280	<pre>
				5281	-limit area 10MB
				5282	</pre>
				5283
				5284	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
				5285	cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
				5286	typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can
				5287	be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users
				5288	might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
				5289	limit as well:</p>
				5290
				5291	<pre>
				5292	-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
				5293	</pre>
				5294
				5295	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				5296
				5297	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5298	with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5299	environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
				5300	<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
				5301	<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
				5302	<code>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</code> for limits of
				5303	image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads
				5304	of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				5305
				5306	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
				5307	their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the
				5308	pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how
				5309	resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output
				5310	through <code>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</code> for more readable sifting.
				5311	</p>
				5312
				5313	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5314	Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
				5315	">Architecture</a> page. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5316
				5317	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5318	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5319	</div>
				5320
				5321	<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
				5322
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5323	<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5324	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5325	be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
				5326	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5327
				5328	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				5329	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				5330	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				5331
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5332	<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5333	'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
				5334	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				5335
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5336	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5337	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				5338
				5339	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5340
				5341
				5342	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5343	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
				5344	</div>
				5345
				5346	<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
				5347
				5348	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5349	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5350	</div>
				5351
				5352	<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
				5353
				5354	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5355
				5356	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5357	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
				5358	</div>
				5359
				5360	<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
				5361
				5362	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5363	Align
				5364	Alpha
				5365	Boolean
				5366	Cache
				5367	Channel
				5368	Class
				5369	ClipPath
				5370	Coder
				5371	Color
				5372	Colorspace
				5373	Command
				5374	Complex
				5375	Compose
				5376	Compress
				5377	Configure
				5378	DataType
				5379	Debug
				5380	Decoration
				5381	Delegate
				5382	Direction
				5383	Dispose
				5384	Distort
				5385	Dither
				5386	Endian
				5387	Evaluate
				5388	FillRule
				5389	Filter
				5390	Font
				5391	Format
				5392	Function
				5393	Gravity
				5394	Intensity
				5395	Intent
				5396	Interlace
				5397	Interpolate
				5398	Kernel
				5399	Layers
				5400	LineCap
				5401	LineJoin
				5402	List
				5403	Locale
				5404	LogEvent
				5405	Log
				5406	Magic
				5407	Method
				5408	Metric
				5409	Mime
				5410	Mode
				5411	Morphology
				5412	Module
				5413	Noise
				5414	Orientation
				5415	PixelIntensity
				5416	Policy
				5417	PolicyDomain
				5418	PolicyRights
				5419	Preview
				5420	Primitive
				5421	QuantumFormat
				5422	Resource
				5423	SparseColor
				5424	Statistic
				5425	Storage
				5426	Stretch
				5427	Style
				5428	Threshold
				5429	Type
				5430	Units
				5431	Validate
				5432	VirtualPixel
				5433	</pre>
				5434
				5435	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
				5436	list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
				5437	available:</p>
				5438
				5439	<pre>
				5440	identify -list list
				5441	</pre>
				5442
				5443	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5444	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
				5445	</div>
				5446
				5447	<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
				5448
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5449	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				5450	href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5451
				5452	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				5453	characters:</p>
				5454
				5455	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5456	<dt>%d</dt><dd>domain</dd>
				5457	<dt>%e</dt><dd>event</dd>
				5458	<dt>%f</dt><dd>function</dd>
				5459	<dt>%l</dt><dd>line</dd>
				5460	<dt>%m</dt><dd>module</dd>
				5461	<dt>%p</dt><dd>process ID</dd>
				5462	<dt>%r</dt><dd>real CPU time</dd>
				5463	<dt>%t</dt><dd>wall clock time</dd>
				5464	<dt>%u</dt><dd>user CPU time</dd>
				5465	<dt>%%</dt><dd>percent sign</dd>
				5466	<dt>\n</dt><dd>newline</dd>
				5467	<dt>\r</dt><dd>carriage return</dd>
				5468	</dl>
				5469
				5470	<p>For example:</p>
				5471
				5472	<pre>
				5473	convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
				5474	</pre>
				5475
				5476	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				5477
				5478	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5479	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
				5480	</div>
				5481
				5482	<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
				5483
				5484	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				5485	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <var>iterations</var>
				5486	times.</p>
				5487
				5488	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5489	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				5490	</div>
				5491
				5492	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				5493
				5494	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5495	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
				5496	</div>
				5497
				5498	<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
				5499
				5500
				5501	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5502	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
				5503	</div>
				5504
				5505	<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
				5506
				5507	<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
				5508
				5509	<pre>
				5510	best
				5511	default
				5512	gray
				5513	red
				5514	green
				5515	blue
				5516	</pre>
				5517
				5518	<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
				5519	Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
				5520	the type and <code>display</code> searches the list of colormap types in
				5521	<code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
				5522
				5523
				5524	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5525	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
				5526	</div>
				5527
				5528	<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
				5529
				5530	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				5531
				5532	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5533	<dt>r</dt><dd> red pixel component</dd>
				5534	<dt>g</dt><dd> green pixel component</dd>
				5535	<dt>b</dt><dd> blue pixel component</dd>
				5536	<dt>a</dt><dd> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
				5537	<dt>o</dt><dd> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
				5538	<dt>i</dt><dd> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
				5539	<dt>c</dt><dd> cyan pixel component</dd>
				5540	<dt>m</dt><dd> magenta pixel component</dd>
				5541	<dt>y</dt><dd> yellow pixel component</dd>
				5542	<dt>k</dt><dd> black pixel component</dd>
				5543	<dt>p</dt><dd> pad component (always 0)</dd>
				5544	</dl>
				5545
				5546	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				5547	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				5548
				5549
				5550	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5551	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mask"></a>-mask
				5552	<var>filename</var></h3>
				5553	</div>
				5554
				5555	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				5556
				5557	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				5558	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				5559	</p>
				5560
				5561	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#mask">+mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				5562
				5563	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				5564	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
				5565
				5566	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5567	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
				5568	</div>
				5569
				5570	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				5571
				5572	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5573
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5574	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				5575	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5576
				5577	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5578	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
				5579	</div>
				5580
				5581	<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5582
				5583	<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5584
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5585	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5586	name. </p>
				5587
				5588	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5589	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5590	</div>
				5591
				5592	<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
				5593
				5594	<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5595
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5596	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5597	name. </p>
				5598
				5599	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5600	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}}</h3>
				5601	</div>
				5602
				5603	<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
				5604
				5605	<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
				5606
				5607	<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
				5608
				5609	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5610	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
				5611	</div>
				5612
				5613	<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
				5614
				5615	<p>Choose from:</p>
				5616
				5617	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5618	<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
				5619	<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
				5620	<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
				5621	<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
				5622	<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
				5623	<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
				5624	<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
				5625	<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash</dd>
				5626	<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
				5627	<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
				5628	</dl>
				5629
				5630	<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5631	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5632	only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5633	size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5634	'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
				5635	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
				5636
				5637	<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
				5638	('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
				5639	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
				5640
				5641	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				5642	metric</a> option.</p>
				5643
				5644
				5645	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5646	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
				5647	</div>
				5648
				5649	<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5650
				5651	<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5652
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5653	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5654	name. </p>
				5655
				5656
				5657
				5658	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5659	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5660	</div>
				5661
				5662	<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
				5663
				5664	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5665	<h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
				5666	</div>
				5667
				5668	<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
				5669
				5670	<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
				5671	Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
				5672
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5673	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
				5674	for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5675	ImageMagick installation.</p>
				5676
				5677
				5678	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5679	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
				5680	</div>
				5681
				5682	<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
				5683
				5684	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				5685	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
				5686
				5687	<p>The <var>brightness</var> is a multiplier of the overall
				5688	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				5689	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the image
				5690	before and after. </p>
				5691
				5692	<p>The <var>saturation</var> controls the amount of color in an
				5693	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				5694	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
				5695
				5696	<p>The <var>hue</var> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				5697	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				5698	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				5699	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				5700	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				5701	the original image. </p>
				5702
				5703	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5704	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				5705	href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5706
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5707	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
				5708	>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5709	modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
				5710
				5711	<pre>
				5712	convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
				5713	</pre>
				5714
				5715	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5716	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
				5717	</div>
				5718
				5719	<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
				5720
				5721
				5722	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5723	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
				5724	</div>
				5725
				5726	<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
				5727
				5728
				5729	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5730	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
				5731	</div>
				5732
				5733	<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
				5734
				5735	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5736	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
				5737	</div>
				5738
				5739	<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
				5740
				5741	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				5742	appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5743	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				5744	href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5745	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				5746
				5747
				5748	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5749	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
				5750	<h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
				5751	</div>
				5752
				5753	<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
				5754
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5755	<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
				5756	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5757	Morphology</a>. </p>
				5758
				5759
				5760	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5761	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
				5762	</div>
				5763
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5764	<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5765
				5766
				5767	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5768	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5769	</div>
				5770
				5771	<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
				5772
				5773	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				5774	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				5775	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5776
				5777	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
				5778	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
				5779
				5780	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				5781	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				5782	</p>
				5783
				5784	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5785	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
				5786	</div>
				5787
				5788	<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
				5789	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5790	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
				5791	</div>
				5792
				5793	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
				5794
				5795	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes
				5796	black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
				5797	negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				5798
				5799	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5800	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5801	+noise <var>type</var></h3>
				5802	</div>
				5803
				5804	<p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
				5805
				5806	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
				5807	objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
				5808	undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel
				5809	with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been
				5810	found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is
				5811	a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				5812
				5813	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
				5814	specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5815	to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5816	which should be used in preference.</p>
				5817
				5818	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
				5819	types:</p>
				5820
				5821	<pre>
				5822	Gaussian
				5823	Impulse
				5824	Laplacian
				5825	Multiplicative
				5826	Poisson
				5827	Random
				5828	Uniform
				5829	</pre>
				5830
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5831	<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
				5832	href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5833	equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
				5834
				5835	<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
				5836
				5837	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				5838
				5839	<p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allows
				5840	the use of a controlling value to specify the amount of noise that should be
				5841	added to an image. </p>
				5842
				5843
				5844	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5845	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
				5846	</div>
				5847
				5848	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				5849
				5850	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				5851	values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
				5852	white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
				5853
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5854	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				5855	is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				5856	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				5857	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5858
				5859	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5860	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				5861	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5862	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				5863
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5864	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
				5865	Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5866	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
				5867
				5868	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5869
				5870
				5871	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5872	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
				5873	</div>
				5874
				5875	<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
				5876
				5877	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5878	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				5879	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5880	given.</p>
				5881
				5882	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				5883	the target color. </p>
				5884
				5885	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5886	as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5887	transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				5888	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5889	channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
				5890	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				5891	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5892
				5893
				5894	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5895	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
				5896	</div>
				5897
				5898	<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				5899	given number of <var>levels</var> per color channel.</p>
				5900
				5901	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				5902
				5903	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5904	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				5905	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				5906	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				5907	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				5908	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				5909	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				5910	h3x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				5911	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				5912	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				5913	h3x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				5914	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				5915	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				5916	h36x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				5917	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				5918	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				5919	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				5920	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				5921	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				5922	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
				5923	</pre>
				5924
				5925	<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5926	This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
				5927	href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5928	</p>
				5929
				5930	<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
				5931	pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
				5932	white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
				5933	</p>
				5934
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5935	<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5936	dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5937	<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5938	for more details of configuration files. </p>
				5939
				5940	<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5941	<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5942
				5943	<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
				5944	color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
				5945	channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
				5946	simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
				5947	circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
				5948	on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
				5949	looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
				5950	after being created. </p>
				5951
				5952
				5953	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5954	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
				5955	</div>
				5956
				5957	<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
				5958
				5959	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				5960
				5961	<pre>
				5962	bottom-left right-top
				5963	bottom-right top-left
				5964	left-bottom top-right
				5965	left-top undefined
				5966	right-bottom
				5967	</pre>
				5968
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5969	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5970	orientation</a> option.</p>
				5971
				5972
				5973	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5974	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
				5975	-page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5976	+page
				5977	</h3>
				5978	</div>
				5979
				5980	<p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</p>
				5981
				5982	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5983
				5984	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5985	<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
				5986	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5987
				5988	<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
				5989	The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				5990
				5991	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5992	<dt> 11x17 </dt> <dd> 792 x 1224</dd>
				5993	<dt> Ledger </dt> <dd> 1224 x 792</dd>
				5994	<dt> Legal </dt> <dd> 612 x 1008</dd>
				5995	<dt> Letter </dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				5996	<dt> LetterSmall</dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				5997	<dt> ArchE </dt> <dd> 2592 x 3456</dd>
				5998	<dt> ArchD </dt> <dd> 1728 x 2592</dd>
				5999	<dt> ArchC </dt> <dd> 1296 x 1728</dd>
				6000	<dt> ArchB </dt> <dd> 864 x 1296</dd>
				6001	<dt> ArchA </dt> <dd> 648 x 864</dd>
				6002	<dt> A0 </dt> <dd> 2380 x 3368</dd>
				6003	<dt> A1 </dt> <dd> 1684 x 2380</dd>
				6004	<dt> A2 </dt> <dd> 1190 x 1684</dd>
				6005	<dt> A3 </dt> <dd> 842 x 1190</dd>
				6006	<dt> A4 </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6007	<dt> A4Small </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6008	<dt> A5 </dt> <dd> 421 x 595</dd>
				6009	<dt> A6 </dt> <dd> 297 x 421</dd>
				6010	<dt> A7 </dt> <dd> 210 x 297</dd>
				6011	<dt> A8 </dt> <dd> 148 x 210</dd>
				6012	<dt> A9 </dt> <dd> 105 x 148</dd>
				6013	<dt> A10 </dt> <dd> 74 x 105</dd>
				6014	<dt> B0 </dt> <dd> 2836 x 4008</dd>
				6015	<dt> B1 </dt> <dd> 2004 x 2836</dd>
				6016	<dt> B2 </dt> <dd> 1418 x 2004</dd>
				6017	<dt> B3 </dt> <dd> 1002 x 1418</dd>
				6018	<dt> B4 </dt> <dd> 709 x 1002</dd>
				6019	<dt> B5 </dt> <dd> 501 x 709</dd>
				6020	<dt> C0 </dt> <dd> 2600 x 3677</dd>
				6021	<dt> C1 </dt> <dd> 1837 x 2600</dd>
				6022	<dt> C2 </dt> <dd> 1298 x 1837</dd>
				6023	<dt> C3 </dt> <dd> 918 x 1298</dd>
				6024	<dt> C4 </dt> <dd> 649 x 918</dd>
				6025	<dt> C5 </dt> <dd> 459 x 649</dd>
				6026	<dt> C6 </dt> <dd> 323 x 459</dd>
				6027	<dt> Flsa </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6028	<dt> Flse </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6029	<dt> HalfLetter </dt> <dd> 396 x 612</dd>
				6030	</dl>
				6031
				6032	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
				6033	format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
				6034	purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas
				6035	and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
				6036	position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG
				6037	file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in
				6038	the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values
				6039	that are written in the <code>MHDR</code> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and
				6040	height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the
				6041	sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
				6042	determine its dimensions.</p>
				6043
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6044	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
				6045	href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
				6046	left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
				6047	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6048	page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
				6049	page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
				6050	corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				6051	present with a value other than <var>NorthWest</var>.</p>
				6052
				6053	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				6054
				6055	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
				6056
				6057	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				6058
				6059	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6060	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
				6061	</div>
				6062
				6063	<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
				6064
				6065	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular
				6066	neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
				6067
				6068	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6069	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
				6070
				6071	<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
				6072
				6073	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6074	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6075	</div>
				6076
				6077	<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
				6078
				6079	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				6080
				6081	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6082	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6083	</div>
				6084
				6085	<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
				6086
				6087	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				6088
				6089	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6090	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
				6091	</div>
				6092
				6093	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than \|<var>epsilon</var>\| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				6094
				6095	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6096	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
				6097	</div>
				6098
				6099	<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
				6100
				6101	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6102	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
				6103	</div>
				6104
				6105	<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
				6106
				6107	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6108	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
				6109	</div>
				6110
				6111	<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
				6112
				6113	<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				6114
				6115	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6116	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
				6117	</div>
				6118
				6119	<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
				6120
				6121	<p> The weights should typically be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 to avoid clamping in non-hdri mode at black and white.</p>
				6122
				6123	<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
				6124
				6125	<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1image1^exp1 + wt2image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
				6126
				6127	<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
				6128	<ul>
				6129	<li>A weighted sum of each image provided all weights add to unity and all exponents=1. If the the weights are all equal to 1/(number of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-sequence</a> <var>mean</var>.</li>
				6130	<li>The sum of squares of two or more images, provided the weights are equal (and sum to 1 to avoid clamping) and the exponents equal 2.</li>
				6131	</ul>
				6132
				6133	<p>Note that one may add a constant color to the expression simply by using xc:somecolor for one of the images and specifying the desired weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6134
				6135	<p>Similarly one may add white to the expression by simply using null: (or xc:white) for one of the images with the appropriate weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6136
				6137
				6138	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6139	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
				6140	</div>
				6141
				6142	<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
				6143
				6144	<p>Very low values of <var>levels</var>, e.g., 2, 3, 4, have the most
				6145	visible effect.</p>
				6146
				6147	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6148	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
				6149	</div>
				6150
				6151	<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
				6152
				6153	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6154	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
				6155	</div>
				6156
				6157	<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
				6158
				6159	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
				6160	<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
				6161	these previews:</p>
				6162
				6163	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6164	AddNoise
				6165	Blur
				6166	Brightness
				6167	Charcoal
				6168	Despeckle
				6169	Dull
				6170	EdgeDetect
				6171	Gamma
				6172	Grayscale
				6173	Hue
				6174	Implode
				6175	JPEG
				6176	OilPaint
				6177	Quantize
				6178	Raise
				6179	ReduceNoise
				6180	Roll
				6181	Rotate
				6182	Saturation
				6183	Segment
				6184	Shade
				6185	Sharpen
				6186	Shear
				6187	Solarize
				6188	Spiff
				6189	Spread
				6190	Swirl
				6191	Threshold
				6192	Wave
				6193	</pre>
				6194
				6195	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				6196
				6197	<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
				6198
				6199	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6200	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
				6201	</div>
				6202
				6203	<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
				6204
				6205	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6206	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
				6207	</div>
				6208
				6209	<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
				6210
				6211	<p>The command arguments has the form <code>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ...
				6212	argN"</code> where <code>module</code> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g.
				6213	"Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
				6214	pass to the process module.</p>
				6215
				6216	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6217	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6218	+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
				6219	</div>
				6220
				6221	<p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
				6222
				6223	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
				6224	ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile
				6225	to the image.</p>
				6226
				6227	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
				6228	remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so
				6229	wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we
				6230	remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <code>+profile
				6231	"!xmp,*"</code>. </p>
				6232
				6233	<p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
				6234	image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
				6235	comments).</p>
				6236
				6237	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
				6238	used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <var>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</var> or <var>IPTC</var>.</p>
				6239
				6240	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
				6241	<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
				6242
				6243	<pre>
				6244	convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
				6245	</pre>
				6246
				6247	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6248	original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
				6249	href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6250	therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
				6251	command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
				6252	CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				6253
				6254	<pre>
				6255	convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
				6256	</pre>
				6257
				6258	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
				6259	conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
				6260	asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				6261	</p>
				6262
				6263	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6264	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
				6265	</div>
				6266
				6267	<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
				6268
				6269	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
				6270	highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
				6271	The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
				6272	be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
				6273	chroma channels are not downsampled.
				6274	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
				6275	factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
				6276
				6277	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
				6278	equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
				6279	non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
				6280	the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
				6281	compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
				6282
				6283	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
				6284	compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
				6285	PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
				6286	filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
				6287	compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
				6288
				6289	<p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
				6290	strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst
				6291	compression.</p>
				6292
				6293	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
				6294	all scanlines:</p>
				6295
				6296	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6297	<dt>0</dt><dd>none</dd>
				6298	<dt>1</dt><dd>sub</dd>
				6299	<dt>2</dt><dd>up</dd>
				6300	<dt>3</dt><dd>average</dd>
				6301	<dt>4</dt><dd>Paeth</dd>
				6302	</dl>
				6303
				6304	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
				6305	than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
				6306	used.</p>
				6307
				6308	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
				6309	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
				6310
				6311	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
				6312	transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
				6313	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
				6314
				6315	<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6316	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6317	adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
				6318
				6319	<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6320	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6321	no PNG filtering.</p>
				6322
				6323	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
				6324	and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6325
				6326	<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
				6327	can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
				6328	you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
				6329	PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
				6330	See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
				6331	over values from the -quality option.</p>
				6332
				6333	<p>For further information, see
				6334	the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				6335
				6336	<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6337
				6338	<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
				6339
				6340	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6341	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
				6342	</div>
				6343
				6344	<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
				6345
				6346	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6347	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				6348	href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6349	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				6350	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
				6351
				6352
				6353	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6354	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
				6355	</div>
				6356
				6357	<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
				6358
				6359	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6360	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
				6361	</div>
				6362
				6363	<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
				6364
				6365	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				6366	such actually mis-named. </p>
				6367
				6368	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				6369	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				6370	</p>
				6371
				6372
				6373	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6374	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
				6375	</div>
				6376
				6377	<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
				6378
				6379	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
				6380	a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
				6381
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6382	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
				6383	href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6384
				6385	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6386	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
				6387	</div>
				6388
				6389	<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
				6390
				6391	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6392	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				6393	</div>
				6394
				6395	<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
				6396
				6397	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6398	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
				6399	</div>
				6400
				6401	<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
				6402
				6403	<p>This option causes some warnings in some image formats to be treated
				6404	as errors. </p>
				6405
				6406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6407	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
				6408	</div>
				6409
				6410	<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
				6411
				6412	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				6413	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				6414	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				6415
				6416	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				6417	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				6418	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				6419	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				6420	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				6421
				6422	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				6423	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				6424	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				6425	reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				6426	limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				6427	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				6428
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6429	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				6430	href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6431	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6432	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				6433	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6434	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				6435
				6436	<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
				6437
				6438	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6439	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6440	</div>
				6441
				6442	<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
				6443
				6444	<p>The <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are treated
				6445	in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				6446
				6447	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6448
				6449	<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
				6450
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6451	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6452	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
				6453	</div>
				6454
				6455	<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
				6456
				6457	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				6458
				6459	<p>If you have more than one <a href="display.html">display</a> application
				6460	running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
				6461	specify which application to control.</p>
				6462
				6463	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6464	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
				6465	</div>
				6466
				6467	<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
				6468
				6469	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations.
				6470	This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				6471
				6472	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6473	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6474	</div>
				6475
				6476	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
				6477
				6478	<p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				6479	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				6480	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				6481
				6482	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6483
				6484	<p>If a <code>!</code> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				6485	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				6486	animation sequences. </p>
				6487
				6488	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<code>0x0</code>' forces it to
				6489	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				6490	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				6491
				6492	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				6493	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				6494
				6495	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
				6496	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				6497
				6498
				6499	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6500	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
				6501	</div>
				6502
				6503	<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
				6504
				6505	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original
				6506	at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at
				6507	3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to
				6508	72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
				6509	only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
				6510	storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6511	resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
				6512	href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6513	resample resolution.</p>
				6514
				6515	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
				6516	embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will
				6517	continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image
				6518	resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				6519
				6520	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6521	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6522	</div>
				6523
				6524	<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
				6525
				6526	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6527	ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				6528
				6529	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6530	or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
				6531	href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6532	filter.</p>
				6533
				6534	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
				6535	coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
				6536	correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				6537
				6538	<pre>
				6539	convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
				6540	-quality 92 passport.jpg
				6541	</pre>
				6542
				6543	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6544	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
				6545	</div>
				6546
				6547	<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
				6548
				6549	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6550	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
				6551	</div>
				6552
				6553	<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
				6554
				6555
				6556	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6557	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				6558	</div>
				6559
				6560	<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
				6561
				6562	<p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
				6563	A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
				6564
				6565
				6566	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6567	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
				6568	</div>
				6569
				6570	<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
				6571
				6572	<p>Use <code>></code> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
				6573	height. <code><</code> rotates the image <var>only</var> if its width is less
				6574	than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
				6575	the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is
				6576	640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
				6577	<code><</code>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being
				6578	misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				6579
				6580	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				6581	filled with the <code>background</code> color. </p>
				6582
				6583	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				6584	'<code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>' distort method. </p>
				6585
				6586
				6587	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6588	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6589	</div>
				6590
				6591	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6592
				6593	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				6594	from the image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When
				6595	minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
				6596	over). </p>
				6597
				6598	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6599	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
				6600	neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				6601	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				6602	the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6603
				6604	<p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				6605	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				6606
				6607	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6608	ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
				6609
				6610
				6611	<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
				6612	As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6613	top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
				6614	href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6615	this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
				6616	a percentage offset.</p>
				6617
				6618	<p>By default this value is '<code>50</code>' for the midpoint, but could be set
				6619	to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
				6620	separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
				6621	sampling sub-region.</p>
				6622
				6623
				6624	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6625	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
				6626	</div>
				6627
				6628	<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
				6629
				6630	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
				6631	for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
				6632	its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6633	writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
				6634	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
				6635	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6636	downsampling method.</p>
				6637
				6638	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6639	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6640	</div>
				6641
				6642	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6643
				6644	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				6645	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifying. </p>
				6646
				6647	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6648	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is a lot
				6649	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				6650	completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6651
				6652	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				6653	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels averaged together to
				6654	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				6655	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				6656	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				6657	light conditions. </p>
				6658
				6659
				6660	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6661	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
				6662	</div>
				6663
				6664	<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
				6665
				6666	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				6667
				6668	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6669	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
				6670	</div>
				6671
				6672	<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
				6673
				6674	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
				6675	should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
				6676	window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the
				6677	specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups
				6678	that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				6679
				6680	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6681	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
				6682	</div>
				6683
				6684	<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
				6685
				6686	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6687	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
				6688	</div>
				6689
				6690	<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
				6691
				6692	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
				6693	identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
				6694	is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				6695
				6696	<p>Specify <var>cluster threshold</var> as the number of pixels in
				6697	each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
				6698	<var>Smoothing threshold</var> eliminates noise in the second
				6699	derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect
				6700	a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				6701
				6702	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				6703	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				6704
				6705
				6706	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6707	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6708	</div>
				6709
				6710	<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
				6711
				6712	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in
				6713	contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
				6714
				6715	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6716	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
				6717	</div>
				6718
				6719	<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
				6720
				6721	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6722	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>threshold</var></h3>
				6723	</div>
				6724
				6725	<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
				6726
				6727	<p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				6728
				6729	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect
				6730	achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia
				6731	toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable
				6732	tone.</p>
				6733
				6734
				6735
				6736	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6737	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
				6738	<h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
				6739	</div>
				6740
				6741	<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
				6742
				6743	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				6744	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of the
				6745	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				6746	appropriate. </p>
				6747
				6748	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6749	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				6750	href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				6751	href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6752	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
				6753	the same name. </p>
				6754
				6755	<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
				6756	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6757	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
				6758	>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6759	</p>
				6760
				6761	<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6762	using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
				6763	>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				6764	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6765	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
				6766
				6767	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6768	-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6769	identify -format %c rose.png
				6770	Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
				6771	</pre>
				6772
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6773	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6774	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				6775
				6776	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6777	-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6778	-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
				6779	Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
				6780	</pre>
				6781
				6782	<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
				6783	'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
				6784	'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
				6785
				6786	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				6787	the '<code>page</code>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				6788	see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				6789	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page</a>
				6790	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<code>page</code>'
				6791	attribute. </p>
				6792
				6793	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				6794	For example,</p>
				6795
				6796	<pre>
				6797	convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
				6798	</pre>
				6799
				6800	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				6801	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
				6802	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				6803
				6804	<pre>
				6805	convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
				6806	</pre>
				6807
				6808	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6809	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
				6810	href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6811	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
				6812	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				6813	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				6814
				6815	<pre>
				6816	convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
				6817	label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
				6818	</pre>
				6819
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6820	<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6821	a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
				6822	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
				6823
				6824	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				6825	with <code>registry:</code>.</p>
				6826
				6827	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				6828	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				6829	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
				6830	programming interface:</p>
				6831
				6832	<pre>
				6833	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
				6834	</pre>
				6835
				6836	<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
				6837	<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
				6838	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				6839	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
				6840	be included in the file.</p>
				6841
				6842	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
				6843	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				6844	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
				6845	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
				6846
				6847
				6848	<pre>
				6849	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
				6850	-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
				6851	</pre>
				6852
				6853	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6854	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
				6855	</div>
				6856
				6857	<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
				6858
				6859	<p>Specify <var>azimuth</var> and <var>elevation</var> as
				6860	the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
				6861	the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				6862
				6863	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6864	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				6865	</div>
				6866
				6867	<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
				6868
				6869	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6870	<h3 class="magick-header"><a
				6871	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6872	</div>
				6873
				6874	<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
				6875
				6876	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
				6877	memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support,
				6878	and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
				6879	Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
				6880
				6881	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6882	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6883	</div>
				6884
				6885	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
				6886
				6887	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				6888
				6889	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6890	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6891	</div>
				6892
				6893	<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
				6894
				6895	<p>The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var>
				6896	argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of
				6897	the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom.
				6898	Offsets are ignored.</p>
				6899
				6900	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6901
				6902	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6903	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
				6904	</div>
				6905
				6906	<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
				6907
				6908	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <var>Ydegrees</var> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are
				6909	given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical
				6910	component.</p>
				6911
				6912	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
				6913	horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount
				6914	of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears,
				6915	<var>Xdegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the
				6916	negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to the left when 90°<<var>Xdegrees</var><180°. For vertical shears <var>Ydegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the
				6917	positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°<<var>Ydegrees</var><180°.</p>
				6918
				6919	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color
				6920	defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified
				6921	using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				6922
				6923	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is
				6924	important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not
				6925	<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
				6926	example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				6927
				6928	<pre>
				6929	convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
				6930	convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
				6931	</pre>
				6932
				6933	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
				6934	for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
				6935	a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				6936
				6937	<pre>
				6938	convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
				6939	</pre>
				6940
				6941	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6942	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
				6943	</div>
				6944
				6945	<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
				6946
				6947	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function
				6948	without saturating highlights or shadows. <var>Contrast</var>
				6949	indicates how much to increase the contrast. For example, 0 is none, 3 is
				6950	typical and 20 is a lot.
				6951	</p>
				6952
				6953	<p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
				6954	'slope' in contrast should fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is
				6955	middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
				6956
				6957	<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				6958
				6959	<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
				6960	a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
				6961	{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
				6962	Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
				6963
				6964	<p>Using a very high <var>contrast</var> will produce a sort of
				6965	'smoothed thresholding' of the image. Not as sharp (with high aliasing
				6966	effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
				6967	<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
				6968
				6969	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6970	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
				6971	</div>
				6972
				6973	<p class="magick-description">operate silently.</p>
				6974
				6975	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6976	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				6977	</div>
				6978
				6979	<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
				6980
				6981	<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
				6982
				6983	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6984	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
				6985	</div>
				6986
				6987	<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
				6988
				6989	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
				6990	dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6991	<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
				6992	href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6993	image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
				6994	640x512+256).</p>
				6995
				6996	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				6997
				6998	<pre>
				6999	192x128
				7000	384x256
				7001	768x512
				7002	1536x1024
				7003	3072x2048
				7004	</pre>
				7005
				7006	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7007	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7008	</div>
				7009
				7010	<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
				7011
				7012	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				7013	angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the
				7014	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				7015
				7016	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7017	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
				7018	</div>
				7019
				7020	<p class="magick-description">smush an image sequence together.</p>
				7021
				7022	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7023	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
				7024	</div>
				7025
				7026	<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
				7027
				7028	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				7029
				7030	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7031	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>threshold</var></h3>
				7032	</div>
				7033
				7034	<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
				7035
				7036	<p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				7037
				7038	<p>This option produces a <var>solarization</var> effect seen when
				7039	exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				7040
				7041	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7042	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
				7043	</div>
				7044
				7045	<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
				7046
				7047
				7048	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7049	<dt>barycentric</dt>
				7050	<dd>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				7051	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				7052	The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
				7053	3 points. </dd>
				7054	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				7055	<dd>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				7056	fall back to barycentric. </dd>
				7057	<dt>voronoi</dt>
				7058	<dd>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				7059	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
				7060	<dt>manhatten</dt>
				7061	<dd>Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
				7062	<dt>shepards</dt>
				7063	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
				7064	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				7065	colors. </dd>
				7066	<dt>inverse</dt>
				7067	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
				7068	This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
				7069	'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
				7070	average of colors. </dd>
				7071	</dl>
				7072
				7073	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7074	canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7075	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				7076	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				7077	</p>
				7078
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7079	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7080	modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
				7081	effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
				7082	the operation. </p>
				7083
				7084	<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
				7085	gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
				7086	values. </p>
				7087
				7088	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				7089	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				7090	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor an image to some
				7091	default value. </p>
				7092
				7093
				7094	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7095	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7096	</div>
				7097
				7098	<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
				7099
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7100	<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
				7101	href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7102	given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
				7103	image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
				7104	</p>
				7105
				7106	<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7107	dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
				7108	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
				7109	the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
				7110	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7111
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7112	<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
				7113	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7114	added added all splices removed. </p>
				7115
				7116	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7117	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
				7118	</div>
				7119
				7120	<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
				7121
				7122	<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
				7123	neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
				7124	blend.</p>
				7125
				7126	<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
				7127
				7128	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7129	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7130	</div>
				7131
				7132	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
				7133
				7134	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				7135	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7136	<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
				7137	<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7138	<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7139	<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7140	<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7141	<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7142	<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7143	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7144	<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7145	</dl>
				7146
				7147	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7148	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
				7149	</div>
				7150
				7151	<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
				7152
				7153	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
				7154	beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need
				7155	this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
				7156	320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				7157
				7158	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7159	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
				7160	</div>
				7161
				7162	<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
				7163
				7164	<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				7165
				7166	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7167	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7168	</div>
				7169
				7170	<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
				7171
				7172	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7173	<dt>char</dt><dd>unsigned characters</dd>
				7174	<dt>double</dt><dd>doubles</dd>
				7175	<dt>float</dt><dd>floats</dd>
				7176	<dt>integer</dt><dd>integers</dd>
				7177	<dt>long</dt><dd>longs</dd>
				7178	<dt>quantum</dt><dd>pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
				7179	<dt>short</dt><dd>unsigned shorts</dd>
				7180	</dl>
				7181
				7182	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				7183	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				7184
				7185	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7186	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
				7187	</div>
				7188
				7189	<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
				7190
				7191	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
				7192	apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
				7193
				7194	<pre>
				7195	Any
				7196	Condensed
				7197	Expanded
				7198	ExtraCondensed
				7199	ExtraExpanded
				7200	Normal
				7201	SemiCondensed
				7202	SemiExpanded
				7203	UltraCondensed
				7204	UltraExpanded
				7205	</pre>
				7206
				7207	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				7208	stretch</a>.</p>
				7209
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7210	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7211	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7212	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7213
				7214	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7215	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
				7216	</div>
				7217
				7218	<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles or comments.</p>
				7219
				7220	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7221	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
				7222	</div>
				7223
				7224	<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
				7225
				7226	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7227
				7228	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7229
				7230	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7231	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
				7232	</div>
				7233
				7234	<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
				7235
				7236	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7237
				7238	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7239	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
				7240	</div>
				7241
				7242	<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
				7243
				7244	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7245	the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
				7246	the following.</p>
				7247
				7248	<pre>
				7249	Any
				7250	Italic
				7251	Normal
				7252	Oblique
				7253	</pre>
				7254
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7255	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7256	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7257	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7258
				7259	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7260	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
				7261	</div>
				7262
				7263	<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
				7264
				7265	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				7266	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
				7267	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
				7268	be the "match score" image.</p>
				7269
				7270	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
				7271	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				7272	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				7273	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				7274	reported. Note that this may or may not be a perfect match, and the actual
				7275	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
				7276	possible matching locations. </p>
				7277
				7278	<p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
				7279	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
				7280	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
				7281
				7282
				7283	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7284	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
				7285	</div>
				7286
				7287	<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
				7288
				7289	<p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				7290	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				7291	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
				7292
				7293	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7294	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
				7295	</div>
				7296
				7297	<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
				7298
				7299	<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				7300
				7301	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7302	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
				7303	</div>
				7304
				7305	<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
				7306
				7307	<p>Set to "true" to ensure all image data is fully flushed and synchronized
				7308	to disk. There is a performance penalty, but the benefits include ensuring a
				7309	valid image file in the event of a system crash and early reporting if there
				7310	is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
				7311
				7312	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7313	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
				7314	</div>
				7315
				7316	<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
				7317
				7318	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7319	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
				7320	</div>
				7321
				7322	<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
				7323
				7324	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
				7325	formatted text. The default is 14 point <var>Courier</var>.</p>
				7326
				7327	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
				7328	OPTION1 font. For example, <code>Courier.ttf</code> is a TrueType font and
				7329	<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
				7330
				7331	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7332	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
				7333	</div>
				7334
				7335	<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
				7336
				7337	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7338	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7339	</div>
				7340
				7341	<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
				7342	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as
				7343	the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is
				7344	a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
				7345	and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				7346	-->
				7347
				7348	<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
				7349
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7350	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7351	maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				7352
				7353	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7354	value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer,
				7355	the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels
				7356	are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the
				7357	<code>quantum depth</code> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is
				7358	therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable
				7359	recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as
				7360	a percentage. </p>
				7361
				7362	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100%
				7363	red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red
				7364	channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
				7365	</p>
				7366
				7367	<pre>
				7368	convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
				7369	</pre>
				7370
				7371	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
				7372	generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
				7373	input image.</p>
				7374
				7375
				7376	<pre>
				7377	convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
				7378	convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
				7379	</pre>
				7380
				7381	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				7382	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				7383
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7384	<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7385	</p>
				7386
				7387	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7388	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7389	</div>
				7390
				7391	<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
				7392
				7393	<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
				7394	for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7395	reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
				7396	href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7397
				7398	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7399
				7400	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7401	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
				7402	</div>
				7403
				7404	<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
				7405
				7406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7407	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7408	</div>
				7409
				7410	<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
				7411
				7412	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7413
				7414	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7415	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
				7416	</div>
				7417
				7418	<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
				7419
				7420	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7421	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				7422	</div>
				7423
				7424	<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
				7425
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7426	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
				7427	>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7428	creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
				7429	formats. </p>
				7430
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7431	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7432	by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				7433
				7434	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7435	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
				7436	</div>
				7437
				7438	<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7439
				7440	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7441
				7442	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black,
				7443	white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
				7444	as the various shades of grey.</p>
				7445
				7446	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7447	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
				7448	</div>
				7449
				7450	<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
				7451
				7452	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to
				7453	the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar.
				7454	Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data,
				7455	or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described
				7456	under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				7457
				7458	<p>For example,</p>
				7459
				7460	<pre>
				7461	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				7462	</pre>
				7463
				7464	<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
				7465	titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				7466
				7467
				7468	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7469	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
				7470	</div>
				7471
				7472	<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
				7473
				7474	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				7475
				7476	<pre>
				7477	convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
				7478	</pre>
				7479
				7480
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7481	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				7482	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7483
				7484
				7485	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7486	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
				7487	</div>
				7488
				7489	<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
				7490
				7491	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7492	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				7493	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7494	given. </p>
				7495
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7496	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7497	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				7498
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7499	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
				7500	href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7501	current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7502	However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				7503	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
				7504	>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				7505	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7506
				7507	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7508	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				7509	href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7510
				7511
				7512	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7513	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
				7514	</div>
				7515
				7516	<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
				7517
				7518	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				7519	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				7520	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7521	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				7522	href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7523
				7524	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				7525	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				7526	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				7527	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				7528	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				7529	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				7530	type. </p>
				7531
				7532	<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				7533
				7534	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7535	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
				7536	</div>
				7537
				7538	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
				7539
				7540	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
				7541	</p>
				7542
				7543	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7544	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
				7545	</div>
				7546
				7547	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
				7548
				7549
				7550	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7551	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
				7552	</div>
				7553
				7554	<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7555
				7556	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes
				7557	the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7558
				7559	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
				7560	image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
				7561	However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
				7562	best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7563	the <a href="quantize.html"
				7564	>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7565
				7566	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
				7567	option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
				7568	required for this option to take effect.</p>
				7569
				7570	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7571	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
				7572	</div>
				7573
				7574	<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
				7575
				7576	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner
				7577	pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> remove
				7578	edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				7579
				7580	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				7581	you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				7582	image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				7583	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				7584
				7585	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				7586	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				7587	<a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				7588
				7589
				7590	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7591	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7592	</div>
				7593
				7594	<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
				7595	<code>Grayscale</code>, <code>GrayscaleMatte</code>, <code>Palette</code>,
				7596	<code>PaletteMatte</code>, <code>TrueColor</code>, <code>TrueColorMatte</code>,
				7597	<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
				7598
				7599	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7600	truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
				7601	href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7602	example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
				7603	only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				7604
				7605	<pre>
				7606	convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
				7607	</pre>
				7608
				7609	<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
				7610	encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
				7611	output format supports transparency.</p>
				7612
				7613	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				7614
				7615	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7616	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				7617	</div>
				7618
				7619	<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
				7620
				7621	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7622
				7623	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7624
				7625
				7626	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7627	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
				7628	</div>
				7629
				7630	<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
				7631
				7632	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
				7633	displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
				7634	the input file has been changed and update the displayed image
				7635	accordingly.</p>
				7636
				7637
				7638	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7639	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
				7640	</div>
				7641
				7642	<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
				7643
				7644
				7645	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7646	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
				7647	</div>
				7648
				7649	<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
				7650
				7651	<p>Choose from: <code>Undefined</code>, <code>PixelsPerInch</code>, or
				7652	<code>PixelsPerCentimeter</code>. This option is normally used in conjunction
				7653	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				7654
				7655
				7656	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7657	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7658	</div>
				7659
				7660	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
				7661
				7662	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is
				7663	convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				7664	(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
				7665	a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				7666
				7667	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				7668
				7669	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7670	<dt>radius</dt>
				7671	<dd>The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
				7672	<dt>sigma</dt>
				7673	<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
				7674	<dt>gain</dt>
				7675	<dd>The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
				7676	<dt>threshold</dt>
				7677	<dd>The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
				7678	</dl>
				7679
				7680	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7681	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
				7682	</div>
				7683
				7684	<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
				7685
				7686
				7687	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7688	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
				7689	</div>
				7690
				7691	<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
				7692
				7693
				7694	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7695	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
				7696	</div>
				7697
				7698	<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
				7699
				7700
				7701	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7702	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7703	</div>
				7704
				7705	<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
				7706
				7707	<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
				7708
				7709	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7710	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
				7711	</div>
				7712
				7713	<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
				7714
				7715	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				7716	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				7717	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				7718	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				7719
				7720	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				7721
				7722	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7723	<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
				7724	<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
				7725	<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
				7726	<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
				7727	<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
				7728	<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
				7729	<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
				7730	<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7731	<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
				7732	<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
				7733	<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
				7734	<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
				7735	<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
				7736	<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7737	<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
				7738	</dl>
				7739
				7740	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				7741
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7742	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				7743	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7744	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7745	image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				7746	href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7747
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7748	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
				7749	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7750
				7751
				7752	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7753	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
				7754	</div>
				7755
				7756	<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7757
				7758	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				7759
				7760	<pre>
				7761	StaticGray TrueColor
				7762	GrayScale DirectColor
				7763	StaticColor default
				7764	PseudoColor visual id
				7765	</pre>
				7766
				7767	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
				7768	If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
				7769	simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				7770
				7771
				7772	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7773	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
				7774	</div>
				7775
				7776	<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
				7777
				7778	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				7779	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the
				7780	<var>brightness</var> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				7781	attribute is just direct modified by the <var>saturation</var>
				7782	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				7783
				7784
				7785	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7786	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7787	</div>
				7788
				7789	<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
				7790
				7791	<p>Specify <var>amplitude</var> and <var>wavelength</var>
				7792	of the wave.</p>
				7793
				7794	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7795	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
				7796	</div>
				7797
				7798	<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
				7799
				7800	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7801	the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
				7802	<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
				7803
				7804	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7805	<dt>Thin </dt>
				7806	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
				7807	<dt>ExtraLight </dt>
				7808	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
				7809	<dt>Light </dt>
				7810	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
				7811	<dt>Normal </dt>
				7812	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
				7813	<dt>Medium </dt>
				7814	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
				7815	<dt>DemiBold </dt>
				7816	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
				7817	<dt>Bold </dt>
				7818	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
				7819	<dt>ExtraBold </dt>
				7820	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
				7821	<dt>Heavy </dt>
				7822	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
				7823	</dl>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7824	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7825
				7826	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				7827
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7828	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7829	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7830	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7831
				7832	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7833	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
				7834	</div>
				7835
				7836	<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
				7837
				7838	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7839	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7840	</div>
				7841
				7842	<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
				7843
				7844	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7845	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7846	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7847
				7848	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7849	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
				7850	</div>
				7851
				7852	<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7853
				7854	<p><var>id</var> can be a window id or name. Specify <code>root</code>
				7855	to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				7856
				7857	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If
				7858	<code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
				7859	image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <code>X RESOURCES</code>
				7860	for details.</p>
				7861
				7862	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7863	colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
				7864	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7865
				7866	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7867	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
				7868	</div>
				7869
				7870	<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
				7871
				7872	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7873	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
				7874	</div>
				7875
				7876	<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
				7877
				7878	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
				7879
				7880	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
				7881	</div>
				7882	</div>
				7883
				7884
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7885
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7886	<footer class="magick-footer">
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7887	<p><a href="support.html">Donate</a> •
				7888	<a href="sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> •
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7889	<a href="links.html">Related</a> •
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7890	<a href="architecture.html">Architecture</a>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7891	</p>
				7892	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#">Back to top</a> •
cristy	ea2793e	2015-05-31 16:52:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7893	<a href="http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> •
cristy	5b8fe76	2015-06-09 16:24:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7894	<a href="http://nextgen.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a></p>
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame^]	7895	<p><small>© 1999-2015 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7896	</footer>
				7897	</div><!-- /.container -->
				7898
Cristy	542697a	2015-10-12 20:10:32 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7899	<script src="https://localhost/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7900	<script src="http://nextgen.imagemagick.org/js/magick.html"></script>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7901	</div>
cristy	ad41c0c	2012-10-31 00:49:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7902	</body>
cristy	5a367e4	2015-05-05 12:39:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7903	</html>