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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	15	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	19	<meta name="Application-name" content="ImageMagick"/>
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	20	<meta name="Description" content="Use ImageMagick to convert, edit, or compose bitmap images in a variety of formats. In addition resize, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	21	<meta name="Application-url" content="http://www.imagemagick.org"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	22	<meta name="Generator" content="PHP"/>
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cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	24	<meta name="Rating" content="GENERAL"/>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	32	<link rel="icon" href="../images/wand.png"/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	33	<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../images/wand.ico" type="images/x-icon"/>
				34	<link rel="meta" type="application/rdf+xml" title="ICI" href="http://imagemagick.org/ici.rdf"/>
cristy	7a40ba8	2011-01-08 20:31:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	35	<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.google.com/cse/style/look/default.css" type="text/css" />
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	36	<style type="text/css" media="all">
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	39	<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
cristy	361f466	2010-12-31 23:02:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	40	<script type="text/javascript" src="../fancybox/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.pack.js"></script>
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	52	</head>
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	69	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">
cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	70	<img src="../images/logo.jpg"
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cristy	178edaf	2011-01-23 03:42:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	72	style="width: 123px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
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cristy	af8d665	2011-02-04 21:57:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	74	<img src="../images/sprite.jpg"
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	76	style="width: 114px; height: 118px; border: 0px; float: right;" /></a>
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cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	82	<a title="About ImageMagick" href="../index.html">About ImageMagick</a>
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				202
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	203	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
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cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	205	[ <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">‑adaptive‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">‑adaptive‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">‑adjoin</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">‑affine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">‑alpha</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">‑annotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">‑antialias</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">‑append</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#statistic">‑statistic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	206
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	207	<div class="doc-section">
				208
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	209	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				210	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				211	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				212	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	213	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	214
				215	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	216	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	217	</div>
				218
				219	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	220	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				221
				222	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	223	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	224	</div>
				225
				226	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				227
				228	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				229
				230	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	231	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	232	</div>
				233
				234	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				235
				236	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				237
				238	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	239	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	240	</div>
				241
				242	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				243
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	244	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				245	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				246	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				247	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				248	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				249	adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				250	make distinct names for each image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	251
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	252	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				253	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				254	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	255
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	256	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				257	automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				258	where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				259	strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those
				260	who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an
				261	example, the command</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	262
				263	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	264	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				265	<a href="#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				266	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	267
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	268	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				269	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...
				270	<ol>
				271	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,
				272	<li>the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or
				273	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				274	filename.
				275	</ol></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	276
				277
				278	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	279	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				280	<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em
				281	class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>[,<em
				282	class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>]
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	283	</div>
				284
				285	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				286
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	287	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				288	href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	289
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	290	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				291	quotes or without spaces. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	292
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	293	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				294	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				295	coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at
				296	position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original
				297	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	298
				299	<div class="eqn">
				300	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				301	</div>
				302
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	303	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				304	contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em
				305	class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				306	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				307	image area are cut off.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	308
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	309	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				310	system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions
				311	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	312
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	313	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
				314	class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				315	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	316
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	317	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em
				318	class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions,
				319	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				320
				321	<p>See <a href="#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				322	href="#distort">-distort</a> method '<kbd>Affineprojection</kbd> for more
				323	information </p>
				324
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	325
				326	<p class="crtsnip">
				327	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				328	</p>
				329
				330	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				331
				332	<p class="crtsnip">
				333	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				334	</p>
				335
				336	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				337	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				338
				339	<p class="crtsnip">
				340	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				341	</p>
				342
				343	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				344
				345	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				346
				347	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	348	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	349	</div>
				350
				351	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				352
				353	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				354	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				355
				356
				357	<table class="doc">
				358	<tbody>
				359	<tr valign="top">
				360	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				361	<th align="left">Description</th>
				362	</tr>
				363
				364	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	365	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	366	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	367	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				368	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				369	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				370	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	371
				372	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	373	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	374	<td valign="top">
				375	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	376	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	377
				378	<tr valign="top">
				379	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				380	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	381	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				382	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				383	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	384
				385	<tr valign="top">
				386	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				387	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	388	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				389	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	390
				391	<tr valign="top">
				392	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				393	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	394	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	395	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				396	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				397	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	398
				399	<tr valign="top">
				400	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				401	<td valign="top">
				402	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	403	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				404	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				405	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				406	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	407
				408	<tr valign="top">
				409	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				410	<td valign="top">
				411	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	412	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				413	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				414	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	415
				416	<tr valign="top">
				417	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				418	<td valign="top">
				419	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	420	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				421	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	422	</td></tr>
				423
				424	<tr valign="top">
				425	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				426	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	427	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				428	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				429	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				430	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	431	</td></tr>
				432	</tbody>
				433	</table>
				434
				435	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	436	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	437	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	438	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	439
				440
				441	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	442	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	443	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				444	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				445	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				446	</div>
				447
				448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				449
				450	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				451
				452
				453	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				454
				455	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				456
				457	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				458	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				459
				460	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				461
				462	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				463
				464	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	466	</div>
				467
				468	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				469	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				470
				471	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				472	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				473	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				474	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	475	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	476
				477	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	478	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	479	</div>
				480
				481	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				482
				483	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				484	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				485	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				486
				487	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				488	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				491
				492
				493	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	494	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	495	</div>
				496
				497	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				498
				499
				500	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	501	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	502	</div>
				503
				504	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				505
				506	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				507
				508	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				509
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	510
				511
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	512	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	513	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	514	</div>
				515
				516	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				517
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				519	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				520	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				521
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	522	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523
				524	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				525	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	526	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	527	</p>
				528
				529	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	530	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	531	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	532	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	533	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				534
				535
				536
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	538	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	539	</div>
				540
				541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				542
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	543	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	544	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	545	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				546	values. </p>
				547
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	548	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	549	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				550	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				551	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				552	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				553	defined images. </p>
				554
				555	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				556	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				557	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				558	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	559	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	560
				561	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	562	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	563	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	564	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				565	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	566	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				567	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	568
				569
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	571	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	572	</div>
				573
				574	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				575
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	576	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				577	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				578	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				579
				580	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				581	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				582	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				583	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				584	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				585	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				586
				587
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	588	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	589	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	590	</div>
				591
				592	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				593
				594	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				595
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	596
				597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	598	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	599	</div>
				600
				601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				602
				603	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				604
				605	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607	</div>
				608
				609	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				610
				611	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				612
				613	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	614	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	615	</div>
				616
				617	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				618
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	619	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	620
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	621	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				622	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	623
				624	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	625	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	626	</div>
				627
				628	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				629
				630	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				631
				632	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				633
				634	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				635	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				636	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				637
				638	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	639	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	640	</p>
				641
				642	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	37e0dfd	2011-03-06 16:35:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	643	<h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	644	</div>
				645
				646	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				647
				648	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	649	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	650	</div>
				651
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	652	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				653
				654	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				655	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	656
				657
				658	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	659	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	660	</div>
				661
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	662	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	663
				664	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				665	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				666	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				667	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	668	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				669	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	670
				671
				672	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	673	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	674	</div>
				675
				676	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				677
				678	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	679	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	680	</div>
				681
				682	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				683
				684	<div style="margin: auto;">
				685
				686	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	687	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	688	</div>
				689
				690	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				691
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	692	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				693	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	694
				695	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				696	</div>
				697
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	698	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	699	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	700
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	701	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	702	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	703	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	704	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				705	</p>
				706
				707	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				708	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				709	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				710	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				711	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				712
				713	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				714	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				715	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				716	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	717
				718	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				719	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				720	</p>
				721
				722
				723	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	724	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	725	</div>
				726
				727	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				728
				729	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				730	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				731	mapping. </p>
				732
				733	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				734	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				735	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				736	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				737	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				738
				739	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				740	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				741	</p>
				742
				743
				744	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	745	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	746	</div>
				747
				748	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				749
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	750	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				751	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				752	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	753
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	754	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				755	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	756
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	757	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				758	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				759	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				760	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				761	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				762	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	763	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	764	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				765	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	766
				767	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	768	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	769	</div>
				770
				771	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				772
				773	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				774
				775	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				776
				777	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	778	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	779	</div>
				780
				781	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				782
				783	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	784	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	785	</div>
				786
				787	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				788
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	789	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				790	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				791	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				792	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				793	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				794	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	795
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	796	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				797	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				798	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	799
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	800	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				801	linear transform and applied
				802	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	803
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	804	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				805	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				806	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				807	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				808	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	809
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	810	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				811	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	812
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	813	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				814	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				815	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				816	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	817
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	818	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				819	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	820
				821	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	822	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	823	</div>
				824
				825	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				826
				827	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	828	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	829	</div>
				830
				831	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				832
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	833	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				834	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				835	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				836
				837	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				838	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	839	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	840	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				841
				842	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				843	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				844	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				845	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				846
				847	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				848	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				849	instead.</p>
				850
				851	<p>For example,</p>
				852
				853	<p class="crtsnip">
				854	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				855	</p>
				856
				857	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				858	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				859	480.</p>
				860
				861
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	862	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	863	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	864	</div>
				865
				866	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				867
				868	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				869
				870	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	871	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				872	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				873	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				874	<SOPNode>
				875	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				876	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				877	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				878	</SOPNode>
				879	<SATNode>
				880	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				881	</SATNode>
				882	</ColorCorrection>
				883	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	884	</pre>
				885
				886	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	887	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	888	</div>
				889
				890	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				891
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	892	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				893	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				894	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				895	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	896
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	898	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				899	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				900	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	901
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	902	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				903	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	904	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	905	-channel Red,Blue
				906	</p>
				907	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				908	<p class="crtsnip">
				909	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	910	</p>
				911
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	912	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	913	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				914	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				915	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				916
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	917	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	918
				919	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				920	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	921	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				922	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				923	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				924	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	925	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	926
				927	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	928	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	929	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	930	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	931	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	932
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	933	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	934	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				935	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				936	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				937	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				938	contribute to the final result. </p>
				939
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	940	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	941	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				942	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				943	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				944	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				945	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	946
				947	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				948	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	949
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	950	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	951
				952	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	953	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				954	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				955	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				956	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				957	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958
				959	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				960	include the following.
				961
				962	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				963	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	964	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				965	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	966	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	967	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				968	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	969	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				970	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	971	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				972	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				973	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				974	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	975	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	976	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	977	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	978	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	979	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				980	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				981	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				982	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				983	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	984	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	985	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	986	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				987	</p>
				988
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	989	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	990	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	991	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	992	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				993	flag. </p>
				994
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	995	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				996	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				997	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	998
				999	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				1000	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				1001	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				1002	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				1003	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				1004	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1005	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1006	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1007	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1008
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1009	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1010	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1011	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				1012	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				1013	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1014
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1015
				1016	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1017	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1018	</div>
				1019
				1020	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1021
				1022	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1023	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1024	</div>
				1025
				1026	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1027
				1028	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1029	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1030	</div>
				1031
				1032	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1033
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1034	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				1035	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				1036	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				1037	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				1038	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				1039	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1040
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1041	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				1042	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1043
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1044	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				1045	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				1046	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				1047	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				1048	</p>
				1049
				1050	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				1051	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				1052	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				1053
				1054
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1055	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1056	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1057	</div>
				1058
				1059	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1060
				1061	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1062
				1063	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1064
				1065	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1066	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1067
				1068	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1069
				1070	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1071	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1072	</div>
				1073
				1074	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1075
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1076	<p>Use the given image as a 'do-not-modify' mask of the current images in the
				1077	current image sequence. Assuming the clipmask is a greyscale image the same
				1078	size at the one already in memory, any areas that is white will not be
				1079	modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow, until the
				1080	mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask will be modified
				1081	as normal. </p>
				1082
				1083	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
				1084	a rectangular <a href="#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1085	mask (thrid) image in a three image <a href="#composite" >-composite</a>,
				1086	operation. </p>
				1087
				1088
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1089	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1090	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1091	</div>
				1092
				1093	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1094
cristy	d241f44	2011-03-29 13:50:49 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1095	<p>This is almost identical to <a href="#clip">-clip</a>. </p>
cristy	3009279	2011-02-22 02:06:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1096
				1097
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1098	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1099	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1100	</div>
				1101
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1102	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make a clone of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1103
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1104	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1105	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1106	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1107	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1108
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1109	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1110	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1111	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1112	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1113	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1114	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1115	effectively clone all the images. </p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1116
				1117	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1118	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1119	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1120
				1121	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1123	</div>
				1124
				1125	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1126	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1127	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1128
				1129	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1130	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1131	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1132	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1133	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1134
				1135	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1136	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1137	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1138	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1139	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1140	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1141	lookup of color values. </p>
				1142
				1143	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1144	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1145
				1146	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1147	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1148	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1149	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1150	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1151	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1152	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1153	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1154
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1155	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1156	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1157	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1158	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1159	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1160	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1161	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1162	</p>
				1163
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1165	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1166	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1167
				1168
				1169	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1170	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	</div>
				1172
				1173	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1174
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1175	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1176	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1177	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1178	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1179	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1180	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1181	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1182
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1183	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1184	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1185	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1186	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1187
				1188
				1189	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1190	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1191	</div>
				1192
				1193	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1194
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1195	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1196	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1197	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1198	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1199
				1200	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1201	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1202	</div>
				1203
				1204	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1205
				1206	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1207
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1208	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1209	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1210	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1211	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1212	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1213	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1214	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1215	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1216	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1217
				1218	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1219	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1220	</div>
				1221
				1222	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1223
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1224	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1225	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1226	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1227	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1228	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1229	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1230	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1231	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1232	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1233
				1234	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1235	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1236	</div>
				1237
				1238	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1239
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1240	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1241	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1242	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1243	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1244	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1245	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1246
				1247	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1248
				1249	<pre class="text">
				1250	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1251	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1252	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1253	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1254	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1255	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1256	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1257	</pre>
				1258	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1259	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1260	</div>
				1261
				1262	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1263
				1264	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1265
				1266	<pre class="text">
				1267	CMY
				1268	CMYK
				1269	Gray
				1270	HSB
				1271	HSL
				1272	HWB
				1273	Lab
				1274	Log
				1275	OHTA
				1276	Rec601Luma
				1277	Rec601YCbCr
				1278	Rec709Luma
				1279	Rec709YCbCr
				1280	RGB
				1281	sRGB
				1282	Transparent
				1283	XYZ
				1284	YCbCr
				1285	YCC
				1286	YIQ
				1287	YPbPr
				1288	YUV
				1289	</pre>
				1290
				1291	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1292
				1293	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1294
				1295	<table class="doc">
				1296	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1297	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1298	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1300	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1301	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1305	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1306
				1307	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1308	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1309
				1310	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1311	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1312	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1314
				1315	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1316	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1317	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1319
				1320	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1321	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1322	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1323	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1324
				1325	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1326	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1327	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1328	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1329
				1330	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1331	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1332	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1333	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1334
				1335	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1336	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1337	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1338	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1339
				1340	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1341	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1342
				1343	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1344	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1345	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1346	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1347
				1348	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1349	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1350
				1351	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1352	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1353	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1354	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1355
				1356	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1357	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1358	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1359	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1360
				1361	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1362	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1363	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1364	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1365
				1366	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1367	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1368	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1369	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1370
				1371	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1372	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1373	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1374	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1375
				1376	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1377	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1378	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1379	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1380
				1381	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1382	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1383	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1384	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1385
				1386	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1387	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1388	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1389	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1390	</table>
				1391
				1392	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1393	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1394	</div>
				1395
				1396	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1397
				1398	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1399
				1400	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1401	</p>
				1402
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1403	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1404	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1405	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1406	</div>
				1407
				1408	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1409
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1410	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1411	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1412	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1413
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1414	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1415	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1416	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1417	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1418
				1419	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1420	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1421	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1422	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1423
				1424	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1425	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1426	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1427
				1428	<p>For example,</p>
				1429
				1430	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1431	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1432	</p>
				1433
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1434	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1435	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1436	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1437
				1438	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1439	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1440	</div>
				1441
				1442	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1443
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1444	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1445	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1446
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1447	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1448	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1449	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1450	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1451	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1452	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1453	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1454	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1455	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1456	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1457
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1458	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1459	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1460
				1461
				1462	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1463	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1464	</div>
				1465
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1466	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1467
				1468	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1469	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1470	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1471	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1472	settings. </p>
				1473
				1474	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1475	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1476	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1477	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1478	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1479
				1480	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1481	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1482	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1483	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1484
				1485	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1486	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1487	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1488	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1489
				1490
				1491	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1492	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1493	</div>
				1494
				1495	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1496
				1497	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1498
				1499	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1500
				1501	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1502
				1503	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1504
				1505	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1506
				1507	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1508
				1509	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1510	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1511	</div>
				1512
				1513	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1514
				1515	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1516
				1517	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1518
				1519	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1520	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1521	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1522	</div>
				1523
				1524	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1525
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1526	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1527	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1528	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1529	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1530	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1531
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1532	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1533	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1534	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1535	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1536	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1537	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1538
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1539	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1540	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1541	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1542	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1543	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1544	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1545
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1546	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1547	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1548	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1549
				1550	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1551	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1552	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1553	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1554
				1555	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1556	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1557
				1558	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1559
				1560
				1561	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1562	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1563	</div>
				1564
				1565	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1566
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1567	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1568	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1569	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1570	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1571	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1572	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1573
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1574	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1575	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1576	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1577	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1578	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1579	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1580	</p>
				1581
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1582	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1583	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1584	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1585	href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1586	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1587	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1588	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1589	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1590
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1591
				1592	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1593	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1594	</div>
				1595
				1596	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1597
				1598	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1599
				1600	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1601
				1602	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1603
				1604	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1605
				1606	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1607	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1608	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1609	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1610	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1611
				1612	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1613	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1614	missed' warning given. </p>
				1615
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1616	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1617
				1618	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1619	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1620	</div>
				1621
				1622	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1623
				1624	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1625	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1626
				1627
				1628	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1629	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1630	</div>
				1631
				1632	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1633
				1634	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1635
				1636
				1637	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1638
				1639	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1640	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1641
				1642	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1645
				1646	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1647
				1648	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1649
				1650
				1651	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1652	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1653	</div>
				1654
				1655	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1656
				1657	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1658
				1659	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1660
				1661
				1662	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664	</div>
				1665
				1666	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1667
				1668	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1669
				1670	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1671
				1672	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1673
				1674
				1675	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1676	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1677	</div>
				1678
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1679	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1680	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1681
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1682	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1683	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1684	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1685	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1686	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1687	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1688
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1689	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1690	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1691	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1692	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1693	existing definitions.</p>
				1694
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1695	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1696	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1697	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1698	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1699
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1700	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1701	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1702	is case-dependent.</p>
				1703
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1704	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1705
				1706	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1707	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1708
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1709	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1710	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1711	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1712	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1713
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1714	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1715	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1716	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1717
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1718	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1719	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1720	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1721
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1722	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1723	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1724	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1725	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1726
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1727	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1728	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1729	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1730	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1731	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1732	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1733
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1734	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1735	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1736
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1737	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1738	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1739	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1740	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1741	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1742	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1743	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1744	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1745	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1746	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1747	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1748	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1749	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1750	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1751	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1752	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1753
				1754	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1755	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1756	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1757
				1758	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1759	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1760	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1761	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1762	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1763	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1764
cristy	d241f44	2011-03-29 13:50:49 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1765	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				1766	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				1767
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1768	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1769	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1770	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1771	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1772	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1773	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1774
				1775	<pre class="text">
				1776	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1777	</pre>
				1778
				1779	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1780	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1781	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1782
				1783	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1784	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1785	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1786	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1787	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1788
				1789	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1790	following for PNG output:</p>
				1791
				1792	<pre class="text">
				1793	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1794	</pre>
				1795
				1796	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1797	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk,
				1798	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				1799	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				1800	PNG specification.</p>
cristy	d241f44	2011-03-29 13:50:49 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1801
				1802	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				1803	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				1804	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				1805	<kbd>bKGD</kbd>, <kbd>cHRM</kbd>, <kbd>gAMA</kbd>, <kbd>iCCP</kbd>,
				1806	<kbd>oFFs</kbd>, <kbd>pHYs</kbd>, <kbd>sRGB</kbd>, <kbd>tEXt</kbd>,
				1807	<kbd>tRNS</kbd>, <kbd>vpAg</kbd>, and <kbd>zTXt</kbd>.</p>
				1808
				1809	y</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1810
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1811	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1812	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1813	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1814	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1815
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1816	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1817	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1818	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1819	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1820	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1821	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1822	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1823
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1824	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1825
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1826	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1827	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1828
				1829	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1830	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1831	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1832	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1833
				1834	<p class="crtsnip">
				1835	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1836	</p>
				1837
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1838
				1839
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1840	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1841	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1842	</div>
				1843
				1844	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1845
				1846	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1847
				1848	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1849
				1850
				1851	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1852	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">indexes</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1853	</div>
				1854
				1855	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1856
				1857	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1858
				1859
				1860	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1861	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1862	</div>
				1863
				1864	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1865
				1866	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1867
				1868	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1869
				1870	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1871
				1872	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1873
				1874	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1875	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1876	</div>
				1877
				1878	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1879
				1880	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1881
				1882	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1883	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1884	</div>
				1885
				1886	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1887
				1888	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1889	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1890	</div>
				1891
				1892	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1893
				1894	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1895
				1896	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1897	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1898	</div>
				1899
				1900	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1901
				1902	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1903	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1904	</div>
				1905
				1906	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1907
				1908	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1909	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1910	</div>
				1911
				1912	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1913
				1914	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1915	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1916	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1917	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1918	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1919	behind it. </p>
				1920
				1921	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1922	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1923	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1924	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1925
				1926	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1927	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1928	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1929	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1930	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1931	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1932	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1933
				1934	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1935	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1936	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1937	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1938	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1939	into the overlay area. </p>
				1940
				1941	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1942	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1943	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1944	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1945
				1946	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1947	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1948	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1949	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1950	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1951	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1952	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1953	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1954	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1955	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1956	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1957
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1958	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1959	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1960	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1961	</p>
				1962
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1963	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1964	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1965	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1966
				1967
				1968	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1969	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1970	</div>
				1971
				1972	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1973
				1974	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1975
				1976	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1977	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1978	</div>
				1979
				1980	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1981
				1982	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1983	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1984	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1985	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1986
				1987	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1988
				1989	<pre class="text">
				1990	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1991	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1992	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1993	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1994	</pre>
				1995
				1996	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1997	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1998
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1999	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2000
				2001	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				2002	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2003
				2004	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				2005	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2006
				2007	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2008	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2009	</div>
				2010
				2011	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				2012
				2013
				2014	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2015	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2016	</div>
				2017
				2018	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				2019
				2020	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2021	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2022	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2023	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				2024	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2025
				2026	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2027	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2028	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2029
				2030	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2031	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2032	</div>
				2033
				2034	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2035
				2036	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				2037	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2038	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				2039	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				2040
				2041	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2042
				2043	<table class="doc">
				2044	<tr valign="top">
				2045	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2046	<th align="left">Description</th>
				2047	</tr>
				2048
				2049	<tr valign="top">
				2050	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				2051	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				2052	<td valign="top">
				2053	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2054	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2055	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				2056	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2057	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				2058	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				2059
				2060	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				2061	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				2062
				2063	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				2064	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				2065	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				2066	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2067	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2068	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2069	<tr><td>5:</td>
				2070	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				2071	<tr><td>6:</td>
				2072	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2073	<tr><td>7:</td>
				2074	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				2075	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				2076	</table>
				2077
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2078	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2079	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2080
				2081	<tr valign="top">
				2082	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				2083	<td valign="top">
				2084	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2085	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2086	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2087	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2088	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2089	distortions. <br/>
				2090
				2091	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2092	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2093	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2094	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2095	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2096	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2097	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2098
				2099	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2100	</td>
				2101
				2102	</tr>
				2103
				2104	<tr valign="top">
				2105	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2106	<td valign="top">
				2107	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2108	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2109	the source image to the destination image.
				2110
				2111	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2112	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2113	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2114	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2115	</em></div>
				2116
				2117	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2118	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2119
				2120	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2121	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2122	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2123	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2124	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2125
				2126	</tr>
				2127
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2128	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2129	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2130	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2131	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2132	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2133	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2134	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2135	consistent. <br/>
				2136
				2137	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2138	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2139	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2140	in each case. <br/>
				2141
				2142	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2143	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2144	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2145	may dissappear. <br/>
				2146
				2147	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2148	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2149	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2150
				2151	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2152	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2153
				2154	<tr valign="top">
				2155	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2156	<td valign="top">
				2157	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2158	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2159	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2160	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2161	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2162	linear distortion. <br/>
				2163
				2164	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2165	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2166	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2167	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2168	</tr>
				2169
				2170	<tr valign="top">
				2171	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2172	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2173	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2174	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2175	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2176	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2177	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2178	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2179
				2180	</tr>
				2181
				2182	<tr valign="top">
				2183	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2184	<td valign="top">
				2185	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2186	a circle. <br/>
				2187	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2188	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2189	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2190	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2191	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2192	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2193	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2194	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2195	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2196	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2197	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2198	</table>
				2199
				2200	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2201	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2202	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2203	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2204	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2205
				2206	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2207	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2208	conversion. </td>
				2209	</tr>
				2210
				2211	<tr valign="top">
				2212	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2213	<td valign="top">
				2214	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2215	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2216	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2217	angle limits. <br/>
				2218
				2219	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2220
				2221	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2222	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2223	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2224	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2225	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2226	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2227	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2228	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2229	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2230	the same arguments. <br/>
				2231
				2232	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2233	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2234	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2235	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2236
				2237	</tr>
				2238
				2239	<tr valign="top">
				2240	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2241	<td valign="top">
				2242	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2243	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2244
				2245	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2246	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2247	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2248	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2249	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2250	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2251
				2252	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2253	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2254	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2255	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2256	a high quality result. </td>
				2257
				2258	</tr>
				2259
				2260	<tr valign="top">
				2261	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2262	<td valign="top">
				2263	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
cristy	6bcf48e	2011-02-15 19:09:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2264	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2265	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2266	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2267	lines straight again. <br/>
				2268
				2269	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2270	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2271	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2272	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2273	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2274	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2275	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2276	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2277
				2278	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2279	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2280	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2281	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2282	</td>
				2283
				2284	</tr>
				2285
				2286	<tr valign="top">
				2287	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2288	<td valign="top">
				2289	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2290	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2291	of the radial polynomial,
				2292	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2293	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2294	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2295	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2296	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2297
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2298	</td>
				2299	</tr>
				2300
				2301	<tr valign="top">
				2302	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2303	<td valign="top">
				2304	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2305	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2306	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2307	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2308	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2309	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2310	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2311	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2312	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2313
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2314	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2315	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2316	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2317
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2318	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2319	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2320	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2321
				2322	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2323	</tr>
				2324
				2325	</table>
				2326
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2327	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2328	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2329
				2330	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2331	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2332	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2333	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2334	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2335	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2336	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2337	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2338	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2339	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2340	...
				2341	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2342	</em></div>
				2343	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2344	destination image. </p>
				2345
				2346	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2347	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2348	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2349	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2350	understand.</p>
				2351
				2352	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2353	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2354	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2355	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2356	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2357	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2358	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2359	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2360	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2361	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2362
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2363	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2364	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2365	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2366	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2367
				2368	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2369	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2370	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2371	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2372	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2373	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2374	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2375
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2376	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2377	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2378	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2379	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2380	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2381	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2382	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2383	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2384	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2385
				2386	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2387	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2388	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2389	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2390	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2391
				2392	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2393	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2394	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2395	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2396	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2397	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2398	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2399	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2400
				2401	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2402	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2403	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2404	image space.</p>
				2405
				2406	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2407	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2408	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2409	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2410	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2411	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2412
				2413	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2414	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2415	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2416	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2417
				2418	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2419	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2420	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2421	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2422	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2423
				2424
				2425	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2426	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2427	</div>
				2428
				2429	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2430
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2431	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2432
				2433	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2434	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2435	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2436	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2437	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2438	color gradients. </p>
				2439
				2440	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2441	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2442
				2443	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2444
				2445
				2446	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2447	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2448	</div>
				2449
				2450	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2451
				2452	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2453
				2454	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2455
				2456	<pre class="text">
				2457	point x,y
				2458	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2459	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2460	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2461	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2462	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2463	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2464	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2465	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2466	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2467	path path specification
				2468	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2469	</pre>
				2470
				2471	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2472
				2473	<pre class="text">
				2474	text x0,y0 string
				2475	</pre>
				2476	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2477
				2478	<pre class="text">
				2479	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2480	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2481	</pre>
				2482
				2483	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2484
				2485	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2486
				2487	<pre class="text">
				2488	rotate degrees
				2489	translate dx,dy
				2490	scale sx,sy
				2491	skewX degrees
				2492	skewY degrees
				2493	</pre>
				2494
				2495	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2496
				2497	<pre class="text">
				2498	color x0,y0 method
				2499	matte x0,y0 method
				2500	</pre>
				2501
				2502	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2503
				2504	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2505
				2506	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2507
				2508	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2509
				2510	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2511
				2512	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2513
				2514	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2515
				2516	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2517
				2518	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2519	</p>
				2520
				2521	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2522
				2523	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2524
				2525	<p class="crtsnip">
				2526	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2527	</p>
				2528
				2529	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2530	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2531
				2532	<p class="crtsnip">
				2533	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2534	</p>
				2535	<p class="crtsnip">
				2536	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2537	</p>
				2538
				2539
				2540	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2541
				2542	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2543
				2544	<p class="crtsnip">
				2545	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2546	</p>
				2547
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2548	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2549	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2550	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2551	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2552
				2553	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2554
				2555	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2556
				2557	<p class="crtsnip">
				2558	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2559	</p>
				2560
				2561	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2562
				2563	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2564
				2565	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2566
				2567	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2568
				2569	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2570
				2571	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2572	matrix.</p>
				2573
				2574	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2575
				2576	<pre class="text">
				2577	point
				2578	replace
				2579	floodfill
				2580	filltoborder
				2581	reset
				2582	</pre>
				2583
				2584	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2585
				2586	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2587
				2588	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2589
				2590	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2591
				2592	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2593
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2594	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2595	<h4><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <em class="arg">count,indexes</em></h4>
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2596	</div>
				2597
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2598	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>duplicate an image one or more times.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2599
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2600	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+duplicate</kbd> to duplicate the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2601
				2602	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2603	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2604	</div>
				2605
				2606	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2607
				2608	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2609	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2610	</div>
				2611
				2612	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2613
				2614	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2615	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2616	</div>
				2617
				2618	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2619
				2620	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2621
				2622	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2623
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2624
				2625
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2626	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2627	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2628	</div>
				2629
				2630	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2631
				2632	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2633
				2634	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2635	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2636	</div>
				2637
				2638	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2639
				2640	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2641
				2642	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2643
				2644
				2645	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2646	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2647	</div>
				2648
				2649	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2650
				2651
				2652	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2653	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2654	</div>
				2655
				2656	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2657
				2658	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2659
				2660	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2661
				2662	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2663
				2664	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2665	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2666	</div>
				2667
				2668	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2669
				2670	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2671
				2672	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2673
				2674	<table class="doc">
				2675	<col width="25%" />
				2676	<col width="75%" />
				2677	<thead>
				2678	<tr>
				2679	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2680	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2681	</tr>
				2682	</thead>
				2683	<tbody>
				2684
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2685	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2686	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2687	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2688	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2689	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2690	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2691	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2692	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2693	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2694	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2695	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2696	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2697	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2698	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2699	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2700	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2701	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2702	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2703	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2704	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2705	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2706	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2707
				2708	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2709
				2710	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2711	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2712	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2713	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2714	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2715	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2716
				2717	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2718
				2719	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2720	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2721	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2722	</tbody>
				2723	</table>
				2724
				2725	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2726	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2727	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2728	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2729	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2730	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2731	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2732	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2733
				2734	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2735	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2736
				2737	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2738	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2739	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2740	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2741	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2742	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2743	'alpha' values.</p>
				2744
				2745	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2746
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2747	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2748
				2749	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2750	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2751	</div>
				2752
				2753	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2754	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2755
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2756	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2757
				2758	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2759	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2760	</div>
				2761
				2762	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2763	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2764	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2765	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2766	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2767	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2768
				2769	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2770	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2771	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2772	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2773	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2774	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2775	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2776	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2777	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2778	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2779	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2780
				2781	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2782	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2783	</div>
				2784
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2785	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2786	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2787
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2788	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2789	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2790	</div>
				2791
				2792	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2793
				2794	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2795	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2796	</div>
				2797
				2798	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2799
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2800	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2801	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2802	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2803	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2804
				2805	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2806
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2807
				2808	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2809
				2810	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2811	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2812	</div>
				2813
				2814	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2815
				2816	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2817
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2818	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2819
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2820	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2821	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2822	equivalent to:</p>
				2823
				2824	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2825	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2826
				2827	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2828	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2829	</div>
				2830
				2831	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2832
				2833	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2834	</p>
				2835
				2836	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2837	</p>
				2838
				2839	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2840	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2841	</div>
				2842
				2843	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2844
				2845	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2846	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2847	</div>
				2848
				2849	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2850
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2851	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2852
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2853	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2854
				2855	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2856
				2857	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2858	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2859
				2860	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2861	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2862
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2863	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2864
				2865	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2866
				2867	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2868	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2869	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2870
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2871	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2872
				2873	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2874
				2875	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2876
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2877	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2878
				2879	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2880	<a href="../www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2881	</p>
				2882
				2883
				2884	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2885	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2886	</div>
				2887
				2888	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2889
				2890	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2891
				2892	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2893
				2894	<p>For example,</p>
				2895
				2896	<p class="crtsnip">
				2897	-fill blue
				2898	</p>
				2899	<p class="crtsnip">
				2900	-fill "#ddddff"
				2901	</p>
				2902	<p class="crtsnip">
				2903	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2904	</p>
				2905
				2906	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2907
				2908	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2909
				2910	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2911	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2912	</div>
				2913
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2914	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2915	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2916
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2917	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2918	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2919	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2920
				2921	<pre class="text">
				2922	Point Hermite Cubic
				2923	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2924	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2925	</pre>
				2926
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2927	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2928	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2929	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2930	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2931	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2932
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2933	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2934	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2935	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2936	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2937
				2938	<pre class="text">
				2939	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2940	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2941	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2942	</pre>
				2943
				2944	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2945	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2946	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2947
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2948	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2949	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2950	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2951	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2952
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2953	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2954	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2955
				2956	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2957	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2958	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2959
				2960	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2961	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2962	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2963	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2964	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2965	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2966
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2967	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2968	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2969	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2970	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2971	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2972	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2973	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2974	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2975
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2976	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2977	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2978	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2979	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2980	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2981
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2982	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2983	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2984	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2985	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2986	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2987	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2988	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2989	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2990
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2991	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2992	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2993	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2994	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2995	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2996	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2997
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2998	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2999	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				3000	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				3001	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				3002	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				3003	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				3004	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				3005	</dd>
				3006
				3007	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				3008	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				3009	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				3010	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				3011	easily graphed. </dd>
				3012
				3013	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				3014	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				3015	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				3016	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				3017	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3018
				3019	</dl>
				3020
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3021	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3022
				3023	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				3024	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				3025	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				3026	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				3027
				3028	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				3029	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				3030	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3031	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				3032	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				3033	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				3034	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				3035	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3036
				3037
				3038	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3039	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3040	</div>
				3041
				3042	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3043
				3044
				3045	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3046	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3047	</div>
				3048
				3049	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3050
				3051	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				3052
				3053	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3054	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3055	</div>
				3056
				3057	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3058
				3059	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3060	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3061	</div>
				3062
				3063	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3064
				3065	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				3066
				3067
				3068	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3069	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3070	</div>
				3071
				3072	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3073
				3074	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				3075
				3076	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				3077	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				3078	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				3079	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				3080
				3081	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				3082
				3083
				3084	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3085	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3086	</div>
				3087
				3088	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3089
				3090	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				3091
				3092	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3093
				3094	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3095	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3096	</div>
				3097
				3098	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3099
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3100	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="../www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3101
				3102	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3103
				3104	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3105	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3106	</div>
				3107
				3108	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3109
				3110	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3111
				3112	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3113	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3114	</div>
				3115
				3116	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3117
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3118	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3119	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3120
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3121	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3122	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3123	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3124	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3125	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3126	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3127	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3128	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3129	</p>
				3130
				3131	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3132	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3133	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3134	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3135	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3136	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3137	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3138	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3139	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3140
				3141	<p>The image composition is not
				3142	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3143
				3144
				3145	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3146	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3147	</div>
				3148
				3149	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3150
				3151	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3152	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3153	</div>
				3154
				3155	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3156
				3157	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3158
				3159	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3160
				3161	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3162
				3163	<pre class="text">
				3164	Polynomial
				3165	Sinusoid
				3166	Arcsin
				3167	Arctan
				3168	</pre>
				3169
				3170	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3171
				3172	<dl class="doc">
				3173	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3174	<dd>
				3175	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3176
				3177	<div style="text-align: center">
				3178	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3179	</div>
				3180
				3181	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3182
				3183	<div style="text-align: center">
				3184	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3185	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3186	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3187	</div>
				3188
				3189	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3190
				3191	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3192
				3193	<table class="doc">
				3194	<col width="35%" />
				3195	<col width="35%" />
				3196	<col width="30%" />
				3197	<tr>
				3198	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3199	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3200	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3201	</tr>
				3202	<tr>
				3203	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3204	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3205	</tr>
				3206	<tr>
				3207	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3208	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3209	</tr>
				3210	<tr>
				3211	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3212	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3213	</tr>
				3214	<tr>
				3215	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3216	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3217	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3218	</tr>
				3219	</table>
				3220
				3221	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3222	</dd>
				3223
				3224	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3225	<dd>
				3226	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3227
				3228	<div style="text-align: center">
				3229	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3230	</div>
				3231
				3232	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3233
				3234	<div style="text-align: center">
				3235	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3236	</div>
				3237
				3238	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3239
				3240	<p class="crtsnip">
				3241	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3242	</p>
				3243
				3244	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3245
				3246	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3247
				3248	<table class="doc">
				3249	<tr>
				3250	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3251	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3252	</tr>
				3253	<tr>
				3254	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3255	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3256	</tr>
				3257	</table>
				3258	</dd>
				3259
				3260	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3261	<dd>
				3262	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3263	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3264	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3265	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3266
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3267	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3268	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3269	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3270
				3271	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3272	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3273	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3274	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3275
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3276	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3277	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3278	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3279
				3280	</dd>
				3281
				3282	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3283	<dd>
				3284	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3285	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3286	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3287
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3288	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3289	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3290	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3291
				3292	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3293	</p>
				3294
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3295	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3296	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3297	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3298
				3299	</dd>
				3300
				3301	</dl>
				3302
				3303
				3304	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3305	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3306	</div>
				3307
				3308	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3309
				3310	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3311
				3312	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3313
				3314
				3315	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3316	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3317	</div>
				3318
				3319	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3320
				3321	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3322
				3323	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3324
				3325
				3326	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3327	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3328	</div>
				3329
				3330	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3331
				3332	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3333
				3334	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3335
				3336	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3337
				3338	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3339
				3340	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3341
				3342	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3343	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3344	</div>
				3345
				3346	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3347
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3348	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3349	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3350
				3351	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3352	</div>
				3353
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3354	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3355	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3356
				3357	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3358	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3359	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3360	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3361	</p>
				3362
				3363	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3364	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3365	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3366	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3367	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3368
				3369	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3370	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3371	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3372
				3373	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3374	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3375	</p>
				3376
				3377
				3378	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3379	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3380	</div>
				3381
				3382	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3383
				3384	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3385
				3386	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3387	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3388	</div>
				3389
				3390	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3391
				3392	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3393	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3394	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3395	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3396	installation.</p>
				3397
				3398	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3399
				3400	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3401
				3402	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3403
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3404	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3405	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3406
				3407	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3408
				3409
				3410	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3411	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3412	</div>
				3413
				3414	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3415
				3416
				3417	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3418	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3419	</div>
				3420
				3421	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3422
				3423	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3424	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3425	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3426	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3427
				3428	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3429	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3430	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3431	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3432
				3433	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3434	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3435	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3436	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3437	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3438
				3439	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3440	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3441	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3442	mapping. </p>
				3443
				3444
				3445	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3446	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3447	</div>
				3448
				3449	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3450
				3451	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3452	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3453	</div>
				3454
				3455	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3456
				3457	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3458	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3459	</div>
				3460
				3461	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3462
				3463	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3464
				3465	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3466
				3467	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3468	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3469	</div>
				3470
				3471	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3472
				3473	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3474	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3475	</div>
				3476
				3477	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3478
				3479	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3480
cristy	4777498	2011-02-15 15:17:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3481	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3482
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3483	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3484	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3485	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3486
				3487	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3488	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3489	</div>
				3490
				3491	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3492
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3493	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3494
				3495	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3496
				3497	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3498	<p>or</p>
				3499
				3500	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3501
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3502	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3503
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3504	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3505
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3506	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3507
				3508	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3509	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3510	</div>
				3511
				3512	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3513
				3514	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3515	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3516	</div>
				3517
				3518	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3519
				3520	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3521	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3522	</div>
				3523
				3524	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3525
				3526	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3527
				3528	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3529
				3530	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3531	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3532	</div>
				3533
				3534	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3535
				3536	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3537
				3538	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3539
				3540	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3541
				3542	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3543	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3544	</div>
				3545
				3546	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3547
				3548	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3549
				3550	<pre class="text">
				3551	none
				3552	line
				3553	plane
				3554	partition
				3555	JPEG
				3556	GIF
				3557	PNG
				3558	</pre>
				3559
				3560	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3561
				3562	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3563
				3564	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3565
				3566	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3567
				3568	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3569	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3570
				3571	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3572	image.</p>
				3573
				3574	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3575
				3576	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3577	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3578	</div>
				3579
				3580	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3581
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3582	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3583	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3584	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3585	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3586	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3587
				3588	<pre class="text">
				3589	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3590	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3591	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3592	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3593	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3594	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3595	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3596	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3597	</pre>
				3598
				3599	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3600	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3601	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3602
				3603	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3604
				3605	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3606	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3607
				3608
				3609	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3610	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3611	</div>
				3612
				3613	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3614
				3615	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3616	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3617	</div>
				3618
				3619	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3620
				3621	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3622	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3623	</div>
				3624
				3625	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3626
				3627	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3628	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3629	</div>
				3630
				3631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3632
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3633	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3634	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3635	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3636	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3637
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3638	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3639	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3640	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3641
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3642	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3643	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3644	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3645
				3646	<p>For example,</p>
				3647
				3648	<p class="crtsnip">
				3649	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3650	</p>
				3651
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3652	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3653	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3654	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3655	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3656	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3657
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3658	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3659	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3660	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3661	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3662
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3663	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3664	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3665	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3666	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3667
				3668
				3669	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3670	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3671	</div>
				3672
				3673	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3674
				3675	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3676	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3677	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3678	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3679	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3680	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3681
				3682	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3683	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3684	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3685
				3686
				3687	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3688	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3689	</div>
				3690
				3691	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3692
				3693	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3694	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3695	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3696
				3697	<table class="doc">
				3698	<tbody>
				3699	<tr valign="top">
				3700	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3701	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3702	</tr>
				3703
				3704	<tr valign="top">
				3705	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3706	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3707	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3708	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3709	</tr>
				3710
				3711	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3712	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3713	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3714	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3715	</tr>
				3716
				3717	<tr valign="top">
				3718	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3719	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3720	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3721	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3722	</tr>
				3723
				3724	<tr valign="top">
				3725	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3726	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3727	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3728	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3729	</tr>
				3730
				3731	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3732	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3733	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3734	</tr>
				3735
				3736	<tr valign="top">
				3737	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3738	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3739	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3740	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3741	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3742	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3743	</tr>
				3744
				3745	<tr valign="top">
				3746	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3747	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3748	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3749	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3750	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3751	image lists are removed. </td>
				3752	</tr>
				3753
				3754
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3755	<tr><td></td>
				3756	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3757	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3758	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3759	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3760	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3761
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3762	<tr><td></td>
				3763	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3764	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3765	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3766	preserved. </td>
				3767	</tr>
				3768
				3769
				3770	<tr valign="top">
				3771	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3772	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3773	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3774	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3775	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3776	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3777	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3778	</td>
				3779	</tr>
				3780
				3781	<tr valign="top">
				3782	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3783	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3784	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3785	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3786	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3787	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3788	</tr>
				3789
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3790	<tr><td></td>
				3791	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3792	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3793	</tr>
				3794
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3795	<tr><td></td>
				3796	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3797	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3798	transparency from an image.</td>
				3799	</tr>
				3800
				3801
				3802	<tr valign="top">
				3803	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3804	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3805	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3806	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3807	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3808	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3809	</td>
				3810	</tr>
				3811
				3812	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3813	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3814	</tr>
				3815
				3816	<tr valign="top">
				3817	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3818	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3819	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3820	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3821	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3822	edges.</td>
				3823	</tr>
				3824
				3825	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3826	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3827	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3828	any image file format. </td>
				3829	</tr>
				3830
				3831
				3832	<tr valign="top">
				3833	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3834	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3835	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3836	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3837	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3838	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3839	</tr>
				3840
				3841	<tr valign="top">
				3842	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3843	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3844	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3845	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3846	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3847	</tr>
				3848
				3849	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3850	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3851	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3852	optimizers seen. </td>
				3853	</tr>
				3854
				3855	<tr valign="top">
				3856	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3857	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3858	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3859	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3860	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3861	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3862	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3863	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3864	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3865	</tr>
				3866
				3867	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3868	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3869	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3870	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3871	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3872	</tr>
				3873
				3874	<tr valign="top">
				3875	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3876	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3877	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3878	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3879	</td>
				3880	</tr>
				3881
				3882	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3883	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3884	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3885	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3886	</tr>
				3887
				3888	<tr valign="top">
				3889	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3890	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3891	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3892	</td>
				3893	</tr>
				3894
				3895	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3896	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3897	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3898	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3899	</tr>
				3900
				3901	<tr valign="top">
				3902	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3903	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3904	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3905	warning is then issued). </td>
				3906	</tr>
				3907
				3908	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3909	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3910	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3911	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3912	</tr>
				3913
				3914	<tr valign="top">
				3915	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3916	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3917	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3918	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3919	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3920	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3921	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3922	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3923	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3924	</td>
				3925	</tr>
				3926
				3927	</tbody>
				3928	</table>
				3929
				3930	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3931
				3932	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3933	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3934	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3935	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3936	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3937	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3938
				3939
				3940	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3941	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3942	</div>
				3943
				3944	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3945
				3946	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3947	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3948	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3949	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3950	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3951	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3952	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3953	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3954
				3955	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3956	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3957	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3958	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3959	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3960	adjusted. </p>
				3961
				3962	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3963	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3964	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3965	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3966	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3967	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3968
				3969	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3970	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3971	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3972
				3973	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3974	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3975
				3976
				3977	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3978	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3979	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3980	</div>
				3981
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3982	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3983
				3984	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3985	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3986	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3987	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3988
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3989	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3990	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3991	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3992	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3993
				3994	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3995	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3996	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3997	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3998	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3999
				4000	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				4001	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4002	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4003	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				4004	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				4005	color (+ form). </p>
				4006
				4007
				4008	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4009	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4010	</div>
				4011
				4012	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4013
				4014	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				4015
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4016	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4017
				4018	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4019	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4020	</p>
				4021
				4022	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				4023
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4024	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				4025	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4026	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4027	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				4028	</pre>
				4029
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4030	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				4031
				4032	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				4033
				4034	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				4035
				4036	<p class="crtsnip">
				4037	-limit area 10mb
				4038	</p>
				4039
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4040	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4041
				4042	<p class="crtsnip">
				4043	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				4044	</p>
				4045
				4046	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				4047
				4048	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				4049
				4050	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				4051	</p>
				4052
				4053	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				4054	</p>
				4055
				4056	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4057	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4058	</div>
				4059
				4060	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4061
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4062	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				4063	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				4064	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				4065	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				4066
				4067	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				4068	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				4069	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				4070
				4071	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				4072	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				4073	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				4074
				4075	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				4076	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				4077
				4078	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				4079
				4080
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4081	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4082	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4083	</div>
				4084
				4085	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4086
				4087	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4088	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4089	</div>
				4090
				4091	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4092
				4093	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4094
				4095	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4096	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4097	</div>
				4098
				4099	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4100
				4101	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4102	Align
				4103	Alpha
				4104	Boolean
				4105	Channel
				4106	Class
				4107	ClipPath
				4108	Coder
				4109	Color
				4110	Colorspace
				4111	Command
				4112	Compose
				4113	Compress
				4114	Configure
				4115	DataType
				4116	Debug
				4117	Decoration
				4118	Delegate
				4119	Direction
				4120	Dispose
				4121	Distort
				4122	Dither
				4123	Endian
				4124	Evaluate
				4125	FillRule
				4126	Filter
				4127	Font
				4128	Format
				4129	Function
				4130	Gravity
				4131	ImageList
				4132	Intent
				4133	Interlace
				4134	Interpolate
				4135	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4136	Layers
				4137	LineCap
				4138	LineJoin
				4139	List
				4140	Locale
				4141	LogEvent
				4142	Log
				4143	Magic
				4144	Method
				4145	Metric
				4146	Mime
				4147	Mode
				4148	Morphology
				4149	Module
				4150	Noise
				4151	Orientation
				4152	Policy
				4153	PolicyDomain
				4154	PolicyRights
				4155	Preview
				4156	Primitive
				4157	QuantumFormat
				4158	Resource
				4159	SparseColor
				4160	Storage
				4161	Stretch
				4162	Style
				4163	Threshold
				4164	Type
				4165	Units
				4166	Validate
				4167	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4168	</pre>
				4169
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4170	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4171	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4172	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4173
				4174	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4175	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4176	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4177	</div>
				4178
				4179	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4180
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4181	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4182	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4183
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4184	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4185	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4186
				4187	<pre class="text">
				4188	%d domain
				4189	%e event
				4190	%f function
				4191	%l line
				4192	%m module
				4193	%p process ID
				4194	%r real CPU time
				4195	%t wall clock time
				4196	%u user CPU time
				4197	%% percent sign
				4198	\n newline
				4199	\r carriage return
				4200	</pre>
				4201
				4202	<p>For example:</p>
				4203
				4204	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4205	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4206
				4207	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4208	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4209	</div>
				4210
				4211	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4212
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4213	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4214	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4215	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4216
				4217	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4218	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4219	</div>
				4220
				4221	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4222
				4223	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4224	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4225	</div>
				4226
				4227	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4228
				4229
				4230	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4231	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4232	</div>
				4233
				4234	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4235
				4236	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4237
				4238	<pre class="text">
				4239	best
				4240	default
				4241	gray
				4242	red
				4243	green
				4244	blue
				4245	</pre>
				4246
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4247	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4248	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4249	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4250	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4251	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4252
				4253
				4254	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4255	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4256	</div>
				4257
				4258	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4259
				4260	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4261
				4262	<pre class="text">
				4263	r red pixel component
				4264	g green pixel component
				4265	b blue pixel component
				4266	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4267	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4268	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4269	c cyan pixel component
				4270	m magenta pixel component
				4271	y yellow pixel component
				4272	k black pixel component
				4273	p pad component (always 0)
				4274	</pre>
				4275
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4276	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4277	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4278
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4279
				4280	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4281	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4282	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4283	</div>
				4284
				4285	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4286
				4287	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4288
				4289	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4290	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4291	</div>
				4292
				4293	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4294
				4295	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4296
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4297	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4298	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4299
				4300	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4301	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4302	</div>
				4303
				4304	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4305
				4306	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4307	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4308	</div>
				4309
				4310	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4311
				4312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4313	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4314	</div>
				4315
				4316	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4317
				4318	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4319
				4320	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4321	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4322	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4323	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4324	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4325	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4326	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4327	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4328	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4329	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4330	</pre>
				4331
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4332	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4333	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4334	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4335	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4336	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4337	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4338
				4339	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4340	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4341	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4342
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4343	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4344	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4345
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4346
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4347	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4348	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4349	</div>
				4350
				4351	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4352
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4353
				4354	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4355	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4356	</div>
				4357
cristy	be3c5be	2011-03-05 17:35:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4358	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make each pixel the 'predominate color' of the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4359
				4360	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4361	<h4>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
				4362	</div>
				4363
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4364	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4365
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4366	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4367	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4368
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4369	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4370	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4371	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4372
				4373
				4374	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4375	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4376	</div>
				4377
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4378	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4379	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4380
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4381	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4382	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4383
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4384	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4385	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4386	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4387	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4388
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4389	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4390	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4391	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4392
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4393	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4394	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4395	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4396	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4397	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4398	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4399
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4400	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4401	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4402	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4403
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4404	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4405	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4406	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4407	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4408
				4409	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4410
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4411	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4412	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4413	</div>
				4414
				4415	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4416
				4417
				4418	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4419	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4420	</div>
				4421
				4422	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4423
				4424
				4425	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4426	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4427	</div>
				4428
				4429	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4430
				4431	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4432	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4433	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4434	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4435	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4436
				4437
				4438	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4439	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4440	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4441	</div>
				4442
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4443	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4444
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4445	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4446	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4447	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4448
				4449
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4450	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4451	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4452	</div>
				4453
				4454	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4455
				4456
				4457	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4458	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4459	</div>
				4460
				4461	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4462
				4463	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4464	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4465	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4466
				4467	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4468	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4469
				4470	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4471	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4472	</p>
				4473
				4474	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4475	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4476	</div>
				4477
				4478	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4479	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4480	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4481	</div>
				4482
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4483	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4484
				4485	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4486
				4487	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4488	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4489	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4490	</div>
				4491
				4492	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4493
				4494	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4495
				4496	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4497
				4498	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4499
				4500	<pre class="text">
				4501	Gaussian
				4502	Impulse
				4503	Laplacian
				4504	Multiplicative
				4505	Poisson
				4506	Random
				4507	Uniform
				4508	</pre>
				4509
				4510	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4511
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4512	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4513	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4514	added to an image. </p>
				4515
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4516
				4517	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4518	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4519	</div>
				4520
				4521	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4522
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4523	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4524	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4525	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4526
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4527	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4528	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4529	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4530	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4531
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4532	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4533	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4534	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4535	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4536
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4537	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4538	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4539	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4540
				4541	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4542
				4543
				4544	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4545	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4546	</div>
				4547
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4548	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4549	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4550	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4551
				4552	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4553
				4554	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4555	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4556	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4557	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4558	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4559	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4560	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4561	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4562	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4563	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4564	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4565	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4566	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4567	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4568	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4569	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4570	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4571	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4572	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4573	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4574	</pre>
				4575
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4576	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4577	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4578	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4579
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4580	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4581	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4582
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4583	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4584	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4585	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4586	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4587	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4588
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4589	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4590	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4591	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4592	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4593
				4594
				4595	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4596	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4597	</div>
				4598
				4599	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4600
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4601	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4602	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4603	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4604	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4605
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4606	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4607	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4608
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4609	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4610	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4611	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4612	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4613	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4614	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4615	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4616
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4617
				4618	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4619	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4620	</div>
				4621
				4622	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4623
				4624	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4625
				4626	<pre class="text">
				4627	bottom-left
				4628	bottom-right
				4629	left-bottom
				4630	left-top
				4631	right-bottom
				4632	right-top
				4633	top-left
				4634	top-right
				4635	undefined
				4636	</pre>
				4637
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4638	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4639	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4640
				4641
				4642	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4643	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4644	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4645	+page
				4646	</h4>
				4647	</div>
				4648
				4649	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4650
				4651	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4652
				4653	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4654
				4655	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4656	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4657	<thead>
				4658	<tr valign="top">
				4659	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4660	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4661	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4662	</tr>
				4663	</thead>
				4664	<tbody>
				4665	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4666	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4667	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4668	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4669	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4670	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4671	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4672	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4673	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4674	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4675	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4676	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4677	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4678	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4679	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4680	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4681	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4682	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4683	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4684	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4685	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4686	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4687	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4688	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4689	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4690	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4691	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4692	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4693	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4694	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4695	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4696	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4697	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4698	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4699	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4700	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4701	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4702	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4703	</tbody>
				4704	</table>
				4705
				4706
				4707
				4708
				4709	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4710
				4711	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4712
				4713	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4714
				4715	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4716
				4717	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4718
				4719	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4720	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4721	</div>
				4722
				4723	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4724
				4725	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4726
				4727	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4728	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4729
				4730	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4731
				4732	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4733	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4734	</div>
				4735
				4736	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4737
				4738	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4739
				4740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4741	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4742	</div>
				4743
				4744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4745
				4746	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4747
				4748	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4749	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4750	</div>
				4751
				4752	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4753
				4754	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4755	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4756	</div>
				4757
				4758	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4759
				4760	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4761	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4762	</div>
				4763
				4764	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4765
				4766	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4767
				4768	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4769	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4770	</div>
				4771
				4772	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4773
				4774	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4775	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4776	</div>
				4777
				4778	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4779
				4780	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4781	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4782	</div>
				4783
				4784	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4785
				4786	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4787
				4788	<pre class="text">
				4789	Rotate
				4790	Shear
				4791	Roll
				4792	Hue
				4793	Saturation
				4794	Brightness
				4795	Gamma
				4796	Spiff
				4797	Dull
				4798	Grayscale
				4799	Quantize
				4800	Despeckle
				4801	ReduceNoise
				4802	Add Noise
				4803	Sharpen
				4804	Blur
				4805	Threshold
				4806	EdgeDetect
				4807	Spread
				4808	Shade
				4809	Raise
				4810	Segment
				4811	Solarize
				4812	Swirl
				4813	Implode
				4814	Wave
				4815	OilPaint
				4816	CharcoalDrawing
				4817	JPEG
				4818	</pre>
				4819
				4820	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4821
				4822	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4823
				4824	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4825	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4826	</div>
				4827
				4828	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4829
				4830	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4831	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4832	</div>
				4833
				4834	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4835
				4836	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4837
				4838	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4839	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4840	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4841	</div>
				4842
				4843	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4844
				4845	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4846
				4847	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4848
				4849	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4850
				4851	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4852
				4853	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4854
				4855	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4856	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4857
				4858	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4859	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4860	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4861	</p>
				4862
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4863	<p>The <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				4864	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				4865	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4866	programming interface:</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4867
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4868	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename></span></p>
				4869	<p>where <em>x</em> is a location flag and
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4870	<em class="arg">filename</em> is a file containing the chunk
				4871	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				4872	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4873	be included in the file.</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4874
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4875	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4876	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				4877	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
cristy	2bd2a98	2011-02-15 00:52:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4878	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
cristy	f796427	2011-01-30 03:49:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4879
				4880
				4881	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>-profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4882	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4883	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4884	</div>
				4885
				4886	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4887
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4888	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4889
				4890	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4891
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4892	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4893
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4894	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4895
				4896	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4897
				4898	<pre class="text">
				4899	0: none
				4900	1: sub
				4901	2: up
				4902	3: average
				4903	4: Paeth
				4904	</pre>
				4905
				4906	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4907
				4908	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4909
				4910	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4911
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4912	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4913
				4914	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4915
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4916	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4917	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4918	</div>
				4919
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4920	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4921
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4922	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4923	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4924	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4925	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4926	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4927
				4928
				4929	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4930	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4931	</div>
				4932
				4933	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4934
				4935	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4936	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4937	</div>
				4938
				4939	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4940
				4941	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4942	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4943
				4944	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4945	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4946	</p>
				4947
				4948
				4949	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4950	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4951	</div>
				4952
				4953	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4954
				4955	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4956	</p>
				4957
				4958	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4959
				4960	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4961	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4962	</div>
				4963
				4964	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4965
				4966	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4967	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4968	</div>
				4969
				4970	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4971
				4972	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4973	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4974	</div>
				4975
				4976	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4977
				4978	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4979	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4980	</div>
				4981
				4982	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4983
				4984	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4985	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4986	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4987
				4988	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4989	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4990	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4991	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4992	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4993
				4994	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4995	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4996	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4997	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4998	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4999	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				5000
				5001	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				5002	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				5003	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				5004	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				5005	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				5006	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				5007
				5008	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5009	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5010	</div>
				5011
				5012	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5013
				5014	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				5015
				5016	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5017
				5018	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5019	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5020	</div>
				5021
				5022	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5023
				5024	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				5025
				5026	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				5027
				5028	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5029	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5030	</div>
				5031
				5032	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5033
				5034	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				5035
				5036	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5037	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5038	</div>
				5039
				5040	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5041
				5042	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				5043	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				5044	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				5045
				5046	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5047
				5048	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				5049	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				5050	animation sequences. </p>
				5051
				5052	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				5053	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				5054	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				5055
				5056	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				5057	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				5058
				5059	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				5060	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				5061
				5062
				5063	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5064	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5065	</div>
				5066
				5067	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5068
				5069	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				5070
				5071	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				5072
				5073	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5074	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5075	</div>
				5076
				5077	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5078
				5079	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				5080
				5081	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				5082
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5083	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				5084
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5085	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5086	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5087	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5088	</div>
				5089
				5090	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5091
				5092	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5093	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5094	</div>
				5095
				5096	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5097
				5098
				5099	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5100	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5101	</div>
				5102
				5103	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5104
				5105	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				5106
				5107
				5108	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5109	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5110	</div>
				5111
				5112	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5113
				5114	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				5115
				5116	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				5117	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5118
				5119	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5120	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5121
				5122
				5123	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5124	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5125	</div>
				5126
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5127	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5128
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5129	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5130	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5131	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5132
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5133	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5134	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5135	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5136	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5137	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5138
				5139	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5140	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5141
				5142	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5143	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5144
				5145
				5146	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5147	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5148	</div>
				5149
				5150	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5151
				5152	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5153
				5154	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5155	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5156	</div>
				5157
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5158	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5159
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5160	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5161	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5162
				5163	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5164	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5165	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5166	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5167
				5168	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5169	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5170	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5171	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5172	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5173	light conditions. </p>
				5174
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5175
				5176	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5177	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5178	</div>
				5179
				5180	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5181
				5182	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5183
				5184	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5185	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5186	</div>
				5187
				5188	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5189
				5190	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5191
				5192	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5193	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5194	</div>
				5195
				5196	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5197
				5198	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5199	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5200	</div>
				5201
				5202	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5203
				5204	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5205
				5206	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5207
				5208	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5209	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5210
				5211
				5212	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	8b9dd95	2011-03-21 22:56:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5213	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5214	</div>
				5215
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5216	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5217
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5218	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5219
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5220	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5221	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5222	</div>
				5223
				5224	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5225
				5226	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5227	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5228	</div>
				5229
				5230	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5231
				5232	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5233
				5234	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5235
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5236
				5237
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5238	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5239	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5240	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5241	</div>
				5242
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5243	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5244	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5245
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5246	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5247	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5248	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5249	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5250
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5251	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5252	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5253	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5254	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5255	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5256	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5257
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5258	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5259	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5260	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5261	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5262	</p>
				5263
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5264	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5265	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5266	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5267	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5268	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5269
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5270	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5271	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5272	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5273
				5274	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5275	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5276	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5277	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5278
				5279	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5280	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5281	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5282	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5283	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5284	attribute. </p>
				5285
				5286	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5287	For example,</p>
				5288
				5289	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5290	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5291	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5292	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5293
				5294	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5295	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5296	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5297	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5298	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5299	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5300	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5301
				5302	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5303	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5304	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5305	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5306
				5307	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5308	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5309
				5310
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5311
				5312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5313	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5314	</div>
				5315
				5316	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5317
				5318	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5319
				5320	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5321	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5322	</div>
				5323
				5324	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5325
				5326	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5327	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5328	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5329	</div>
				5330
				5331	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5332
				5333	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5334
				5335	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5336	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5337	</div>
				5338
				5339	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5340
				5341	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5342
				5343	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5344	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5345	</div>
				5346
				5347	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5348
				5349	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5350
				5351	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5352
				5353	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5354	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5355	</div>
				5356
				5357	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5358
				5359	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5360
				5361	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5362
				5363	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5364
				5365	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5366
				5367	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5368	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5369
				5370	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5371	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5372	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5373	</div>
				5374
				5375	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5376
				5377	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5378
				5379	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5380	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5381	</div>
				5382
				5383	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5384
				5385	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5386	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5387	</div>
				5388
				5389	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5390
				5391	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5392
				5393	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5394
				5395	<pre class="text">
				5396	192x128
				5397	384x256
				5398	768x512
				5399	1536x1024
				5400	3072x2048
				5401	</pre>
				5402
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5403	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5404	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5405	</div>
				5406
				5407	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5408
				5409	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5410
				5411	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	2d67ddd	2011-02-13 15:38:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5412	<h4><a id="smush"></a>-smush <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
				5413	</div>
				5414
				5415	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>smush an image sequence together.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5416
				5417	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5418	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5419	</div>
				5420
				5421	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5422
				5423	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5424
				5425	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5426	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5427	</div>
				5428
				5429	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5430
				5431	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5432
				5433	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5434
				5435	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5436	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5437	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5438	</div>
				5439
				5440	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5441
				5442
				5443	<table class="doc">
				5444	<tbody>
				5445	<tr valign="top">
				5446	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5447	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5448	</tr>
				5449
				5450	<tr valign="top">
				5451	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5452	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5453	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5454	</tr>
				5455
				5456	<tr valign="top">
				5457	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5458	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5459	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5460	colors. </td>
				5461	</tr>
				5462
				5463	<tr valign="top">
				5464	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5465	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5466	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5467	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5468	</tr>
				5469
				5470	<tr valign="top">
				5471	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5472	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5473	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5474	</tr>
				5475
				5476	</tbody>
				5477	</table>
				5478
				5479	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5480	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5481	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5482	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5483	</p>
				5484
				5485	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5486	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5487	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5488	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5489	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5490
				5491	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5492	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5493	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5494	default value. </p>
				5495
				5496
				5497	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5498	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5499	</div>
				5500
				5501	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5502
				5503	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5504
				5505	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5506	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5507	</div>
				5508
				5509	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5510
				5511	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5512
				5513	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	323f35b	2011-03-24 23:05:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5514	<h4><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <em class="arg">type</em> <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	b52981c	2011-03-19 17:09:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5515	</div>
				5516
				5517	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5518
				5519	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				5520	<pre class="text">
				5521	Maximum
				5522	Minimum
				5523	Mean
				5524	Median
				5525	Mode
				5526	Nonpeak
				5527	</pre>
				5528
				5529	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5530	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5531	</div>
				5532
				5533	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5534
				5535	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5536
				5537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5538	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5539	</div>
				5540
				5541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5542
				5543	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5544
				5545	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5546	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5547	</div>
				5548
				5549	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5550
				5551	<pre class="text">
				5552	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5553	double store pixels as doubles
				5554	float store pixels as floats
				5555	integer store pixels as integers
				5556	long store pixels as longs
				5557	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5558	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5559	</pre>
				5560
				5561	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5562	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5563
				5564	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5565	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5566	</div>
				5567
				5568	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5569
				5570	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5571
				5572	<pre class="text">
				5573	Any
				5574	Condensed
				5575	Expanded
				5576	ExtraCondensed
				5577	ExtraExpanded
				5578	Normal
				5579	SemiCondensed
				5580	SemiExpanded
				5581	UltraCondensed
				5582	UltraExpanded
				5583	</pre>
				5584
				5585	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5586
				5587	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5588
				5589	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5590	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5591	</div>
				5592
				5593	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5594
				5595	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5596	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5597	</div>
				5598
				5599	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5600
				5601	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5602
				5603	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5604
				5605	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5606	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5607	</div>
				5608
				5609	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5610
				5611	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5612
				5613	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5614	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5615	</div>
				5616
				5617	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5618
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5619	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5620	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5621	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5622
				5623	<pre class="text">
				5624	Any
				5625	Italic
				5626	Normal
				5627	Oblique
				5628	</pre>
				5629
				5630	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5631
				5632	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5633	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5634	</div>
				5635
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5636	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5637
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5638	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5639	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5640	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5641	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5642
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5643	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5644	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5645	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5646	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5647	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5648	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5649	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5650
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5651	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5652	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5653	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5654
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5655
				5656	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5657	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5658	</div>
				5659
				5660	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5661
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5662	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5663	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5664	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5665
				5666	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5667	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5668	</div>
				5669
				5670	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5671
				5672	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5673
				5674	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5675	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5676	</div>
				5677
				5678	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5679
				5680	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5681	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5682	</div>
				5683
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5684	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5685
				5686	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5687	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5688	</div>
				5689
				5690	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5691
				5692	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5693
				5694	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5695
				5696	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5697	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5698	</div>
				5699
				5700	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5701
				5702	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5703	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5704	</div>
				5705
				5706	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5707	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5708	-->
				5709
				5710	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5711
				5712	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5713
				5714	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5715	</p>
				5716
				5717	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5718
				5719	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5720	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5721
				5722
				5723	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5724	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5725	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5726
				5727	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5728	</p>
				5729
				5730	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5731	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5732	</div>
				5733
				5734	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5735
				5736	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5737
				5738	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5739
				5740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5741	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5742	</div>
				5743
				5744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5745
				5746	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5747	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5748	</div>
				5749
				5750	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5751
				5752	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5753
				5754	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5755	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5756	</div>
				5757
				5758	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5759
				5760	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5761	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5762	</div>
				5763
				5764	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5765
				5766	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5767
				5768	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5769
				5770	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5771	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5772	</div>
				5773
				5774	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5775
				5776	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5777
				5778	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5779
				5780	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5781	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5782	</div>
				5783
				5784	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5785
				5786	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5787
				5788	<p>For example,</p>
				5789
				5790	<p class="crtsnip">
				5791	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5792	</p>
				5793
				5794	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5795
				5796
				5797	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5798	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5799	</div>
				5800
				5801	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5802
				5803	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5804
				5805	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5806
				5807	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5808	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5809
				5810
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5811	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5812	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5813	</div>
				5814
				5815	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5816
				5817	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5818	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5819	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5820	given. </p>
				5821
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5822	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5823	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5824
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5825	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5826	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5827	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5828	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5829	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5830	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5831	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5832
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5833	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5834	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5835	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5836
				5837
				5838	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5839	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5840	</div>
				5841
				5842	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5843
				5844	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5845	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5846	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5847	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5848	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5849
				5850	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5851	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5852	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5853	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5854	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5855	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5856	type. </p>
				5857
				5858	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5859
				5860	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5861	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5862	</div>
				5863
				5864	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5865
				5866	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5867	</p>
				5868
				5869	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5870	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5871	</div>
				5872
				5873	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5874
				5875
				5876	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5877	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5878	</div>
				5879
				5880	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5881
				5882	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5883
				5884	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5885
				5886	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5887
				5888	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5889	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5890	</div>
				5891
				5892	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5893
				5894	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5895
				5896	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5897	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5898	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5899	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5900
				5901	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5902	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5903	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5904
				5905
				5906	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5907	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5908	</div>
				5909
				5910	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5911	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5912
				5913	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5914
				5915	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5916	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5917
				5918	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5919
				5920	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5921	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5922	</div>
				5923
				5924	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5925
				5926	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5927
				5928	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5929
				5930
				5931	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5932	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5933	</div>
				5934
				5935	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5936
				5937	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5938
				5939
				5940	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5941	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5942	</div>
				5943
				5944	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5945
				5946
				5947	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5948	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5949	</div>
				5950
				5951	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5952
				5953	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5954
				5955
				5956	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5957	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5958	</div>
				5959
				5960	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5961
				5962	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5963
				5964	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5965
				5966	<pre class="text">
				5967	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5968	pixel (default 0).
				5969	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5970	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5971	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5972	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5973	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5974	</pre>
				5975
				5976
				5977	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5978	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5979	</div>
				5980
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5981	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5982
				5983
				5984	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5985	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5986	</div>
				5987
				5988	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5989
				5990
				5991	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5992	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5993	</div>
				5994
				5995	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5996
				5997
				5998	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5999	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6000	</div>
				6001
				6002	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6003
				6004
				6005	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6006	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6007	</div>
				6008
				6009	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6010
				6011	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				6012	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				6013	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				6014	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				6015
				6016	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				6017
				6018	<pre class="text">
				6019	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				6020	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				6021	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				6022	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				6023	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				6024	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				6025	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				6026	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				6027	mirror: mirror tile the image
				6028	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				6029	tile: tile the image (default)
				6030	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				6031	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				6032	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				6033	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				6034	</pre>
				6035
				6036	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				6037
				6038	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				6039	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				6040	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				6041	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				6042	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				6043
				6044	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				6045
				6046
				6047	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6048	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6049	</div>
				6050
				6051	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6052
				6053	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				6054
				6055	<pre class="text">
				6056	StaticGray
				6057	GrayScale
				6058	StaticColor
				6059	PseudoColor
				6060	TrueColor
				6061	DirectColor
				6062	default
				6063	visual id
				6064	</pre>
				6065
				6066	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				6067
				6068
				6069	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6070	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6071	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				6072	</div>
				6073
				6074	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				6075	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6076
				6077	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				6078	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				6079	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				6080	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				6081	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				6082
				6083
				6084	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6085	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6086	</div>
				6087
				6088	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6089
				6090	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				6091
				6092	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6093	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6094	</div>
				6095
				6096	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6097
				6098	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				6099
				6100	<table class="doc">
				6101	<col width="25%" />
				6102	<col width="75%" />
				6103	<thead>
				6104	<tr>
				6105	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				6106	<th>Description</th>
				6107	</tr>
				6108	</thead>
				6109	<tbody>
				6110	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				6111	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				6112	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				6113	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				6114	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				6115	</tbody>
				6116	</table>
				6117
				6118	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				6119
				6120	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				6121
				6122	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6123	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6124	</div>
				6125
				6126	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6127
				6128	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6129	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6130	</div>
				6131
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6132	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6133
				6134	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				6135	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6136
				6137	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6138	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6139	</div>
				6140
				6141	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6142
				6143	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6144
				6145	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6146
				6147	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6148
				6149	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6150	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6151	</div>
				6152
				6153	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6154
				6155	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6156	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6157	</div>
				6158
				6159	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6160	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6161
				6162	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6163	</div>
				6164	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6165
				6166	</div>
				6167
				6168	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6169	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6170	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6171	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6172	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6173	</span>
				6174	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6175	</div>
				6176	<div class="footer">
cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6177	<span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6178	<span id="footer-east"> <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact the Wizards</a></span>
				6179	</div>
				6180	<div style="clear: both; margin: 0; width: 100%; "></div>
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6181	<script type="text/javascript">
				6182	var _gaq = _gaq \|\| [];
				6183	_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-17690367-1']);
				6184	_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
				6185
				6186	(function() {
				6187	var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
				6188	ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
				6189	var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
				6190	})();
				6191	</script>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6192	</body>
				6193	</html>