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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8	<head>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	11	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	15	<meta name="Application-name" content="ImageMagick"/>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	16	<meta name="Description" content="ImageMagick is a software suite to create, edit, compose, or convert bitmap images in a variety of formats. Use ImageMagick to scale, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	17	<meta name="Application-url" content="http://www.imagemagick.org"/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	18	<meta name="Generator" content="PHP"/>
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cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	20	<meta name="Rating" content="GENERAL"/>
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cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	29	<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../images/wand.ico" type="images/x-icon"/>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	34	<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
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cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	47	</head>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	178	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	179	<p class="navigation-index">
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	180	[ <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">‑adaptive‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adaptive-sharpen">‑adaptive‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#adjoin">‑adjoin</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#affine">‑affine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#alpha">‑alpha</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#annotate">‑annotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#antialias">‑antialias</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#append">‑append</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a 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</span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#coalesce">‑coalesce</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorize">‑colorize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colormap">‑colormap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#color-matrix">‑color‑matrix</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colors">‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorspace">‑colorspace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#combine">‑combine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#comment">‑comment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compose">‑compose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#composite">‑composite</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compress">‑compress</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast">‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">‑contrast‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#crop">‑crop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cycle">‑cycle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#debug">‑debug</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#decipher">‑decipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deconstruct">‑deconstruct</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#define">‑define</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delay">‑delay</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delete">‑delete</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#density">‑density</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#depth">‑depth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#descend">‑descend</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deskew">‑deskew</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#despeckle">‑despeckle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#direction">‑direction</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#displace">‑displace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#display">‑display</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dispose">‑dispose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissimilarity-threshold">‑dissimilarity‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissolve">‑dissolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#distort">‑distort</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dither">‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#draw">‑draw</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#edge">‑edge</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#emboss">‑emboss</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encipher">‑encipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encoding">‑encoding</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#endian">‑endian</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#enhance">‑enhance</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#equalize">‑equalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate">‑evaluate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">‑evaluate‑sequence</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extent">‑extent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extract">‑extract</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#family">‑family</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#features">‑features</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fft">‑fft</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fill">‑fill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#filter">‑filter</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flatten">‑flatten</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flip">‑flip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#floodfill">‑floodfill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flop">‑flop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#font">‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#foreground">‑foreground</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format">‑format</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format_identify_">‑format[identify]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame">‑frame</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame_import_">‑frame[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#function">‑function</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">‑fuzz</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fx">‑fx</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gamma">‑gamma</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">‑gaussian‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#geometry">‑geometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gravity">‑gravity</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#green-primary">‑green‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#hald-clut">‑hald‑clut</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#help">‑help</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#highlight-color">‑highlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconGeometry">‑iconGeometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconic">‑iconic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#identify">‑identify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ift">‑ift</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#immutable">‑immutable</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#implode">‑implode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#insert">‑insert</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#intent">‑intent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interlace">‑interlace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interpolate">‑interpolate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">‑interline‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">‑interword‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#kerning">‑kerning</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#label">‑label</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lat">‑lat</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#layers">‑layers</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level">‑level</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level-colors">‑level‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">‑linear‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linewidth">‑linewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">‑liquid‑rescale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#list">‑list</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#log">‑log</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#loop">‑loop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lowlight-color">‑lowlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#magnify">‑magnify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map">‑map</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map_stream_">‑map[stream]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mask">‑mask</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mattecolor">‑mattecolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#median">‑median</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#metric">‑metric</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mode">‑mode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#modulate">‑modulate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monitor">‑monitor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monochrome">‑monochrome</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morph">‑morph</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morphology">‑morphology</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mosaic">‑mosaic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#motion-blur">‑motion‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#name">‑name</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#negate">‑negate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#noise">‑noise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#normalize">‑normalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#opaque">‑opaque</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">‑ordered‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#orient">‑orient</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#page">‑page</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#paint">‑paint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#path">‑path</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_animate_">‑pause[animate]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_import_">‑pause[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pen">‑pen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ping">‑ping</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pointsize">‑pointsize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#polaroid">‑polaroid</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#posterize">‑posterize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#precision">‑precision</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#preview">‑preview</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#print">‑print</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#process">‑process</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#profile">‑profile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quality">‑quality</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quantize">‑quantize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quiet">‑quiet</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#radial-blur">‑radial‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#raise">‑raise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#random-threshold">‑random‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#red-primary">‑red‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">‑regard‑warnings</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#region">‑region</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remap">‑remap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remote">‑remote</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#render">‑render</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#repage">‑repage</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resample">‑resample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resize">‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">‑respect‑parentheses</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#reverse">‑reverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#roll">‑roll</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#rotate">‑rotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sample">‑sample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">‑sampling‑factor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scale">‑scale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scene">‑scene</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#screen">‑screen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#seed">‑seed</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#segment">‑segment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#selective-blur">‑selective‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#separate">‑separate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">‑sepia‑tone</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#set">‑set</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shade">‑shade</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shadow">‑shadow</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	181
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	182	<div class="doc-section">
				183
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	184	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				185	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				186	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				187	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	188	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	189
				190	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	191	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	192	</div>
				193
				194	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	195	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				196
				197	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	198	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	199	</div>
				200
				201	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				202
				203	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				204
				205	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	206	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	207	</div>
				208
				209	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				210
				211	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				212
				213	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	214	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	215	</div>
				216
				217	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				218
				219	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all
				220	images of an image sequence into the given output file.
				221	However, some formats, such as JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one
				222	image per file, and in that case ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As
				223	such, if more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is
				224	modified by adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the
				225	suffix, in order to make distinct names for each image. </p>
				226
				227	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written
				228	to separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images
				229	per file (for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				230
				231	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an example, the command</p>
				232
				233	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
				234	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images named my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg, my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg.
				235	</p>
				236
				237	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will use
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	238	multiple files if either<br />
				239	(1) the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,<br />
				240	(2) the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or<br />
				241	(3) a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output filename. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	242
				243
				244	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	245	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	246	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
				247	</div>
				248
				249	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				250
				251	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, encoded as (<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>), for use by subsequent <a href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options.</p>
				252
				253	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values <i>with no spaces</i>. </p>
				254
				255	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				256
				257	<div class="eqn">
				258	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				259	</div>
				260
				261	<p>
				262	The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the image area are cut off.</p>
				263
				264	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				265
				266	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore, four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				267
				268	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				269
				270	<p class="crtsnip">
				271	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				272	</p>
				273
				274	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				275
				276	<p class="crtsnip">
				277	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				278	</p>
				279
				280	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				281	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				282
				283	<p class="crtsnip">
				284	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				285	</p>
				286
				287	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				288
				289	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				290
				291	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	292	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	293	</div>
				294
				295	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				296
				297	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				298	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				299
				300
				301	<table class="doc">
				302	<tbody>
				303	<tr valign="top">
				304	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				305	<th align="left">Description</th>
				306	</tr>
				307
				308	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	309	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	310	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	311	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				312	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				313	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				314	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	315
				316	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	317	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	318	<td valign="top">
				319	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	320	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	321
				322	<tr valign="top">
				323	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				324	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	325	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				326	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				327	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	328
				329	<tr valign="top">
				330	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				331	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	332	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				333	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	334
				335	<tr valign="top">
				336	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				337	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	338	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	339	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				340	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				341	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	342
				343	<tr valign="top">
				344	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				345	<td valign="top">
				346	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	347	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				348	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				349	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				350	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	351
				352	<tr valign="top">
				353	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				354	<td valign="top">
				355	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	356	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				357	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				358	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	359
				360	<tr valign="top">
				361	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				362	<td valign="top">
				363	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	364	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				365	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	366	</td></tr>
				367
				368	<tr valign="top">
				369	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				370	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	371	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				372	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				373	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				374	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	375	</td></tr>
				376	</tbody>
				377	</table>
				378
				379	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	380	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	381	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	382	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	383
				384
				385	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	386	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	387	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				388	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				389	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				390	</div>
				391
				392	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				393
				394	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				395
				396
				397	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				398
				399	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				400
				401	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				402	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				403
				404	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				405
				406	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				407
				408	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	409	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	410	</div>
				411
				412	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				413	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				414
				415	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				416	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				417	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				418	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	419	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	420
				421	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	422	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	423	</div>
				424
				425	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				426
				427	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				428	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				429	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				430
				431	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				432	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	433	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	434	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				435
				436
				437	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	438	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	439	</div>
				440
				441	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				442
				443
				444	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	445	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	446	</div>
				447
				448	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				449
				450	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				451
				452	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				453
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	454
				455
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	457	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	458	</div>
				459
				460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				461
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	462	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				463	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				464	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				465
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	466	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	467
				468	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				469	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	470	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	471	</p>
				472
				473	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	474	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	475	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	476	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	477	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				478
				479
				480
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	481	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	482	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	483	</div>
				484
				485	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				486
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	487	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	488	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				490	values. </p>
				491
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	492	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	493	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				494	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				495	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				496	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				497	defined images. </p>
				498
				499	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				500	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				501	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				502	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	503	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	504
				505	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	506	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	507	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	508	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				509	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	510	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				511	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	512
				513
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	514	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	515	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	516	</div>
				517
				518	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				519
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	520	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				521	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				522	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				523
				524	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				525	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				526	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				527	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				528	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				529	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				530
				531
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	532	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	533	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	534	</div>
				535
				536	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				537
				538	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				539
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	540
				541	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	542	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	543	</div>
				544
				545	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				546
				547	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				548
				549	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	550	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	551	</div>
				552
				553	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				554
				555	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				556
				557	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	558	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	559	</div>
				560
				561	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				562
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	563	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	564
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	565	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				566	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	567
				568	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	569	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570	</div>
				571
				572	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				573
				574	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				575
				576	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				577
				578	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				579	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				580	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				581
				582	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				583	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				584	</p>
				585
				586	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	587	<h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	588	</div>
				589
				590	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				591
				592	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	593	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	594	</div>
				595
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	596	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				597
				598	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				599	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	600
				601
				602	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	603	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	604	</div>
				605
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607
				608	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				609	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				610	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				611	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	612	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				613	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	614
				615
				616	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	617	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	618	</div>
				619
				620	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				621
				622	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	623	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	624	</div>
				625
				626	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				627
				628	<div style="margin: auto;">
				629
				630	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	631	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	632	</div>
				633
				634	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				635
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	636	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				637	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	638
				639	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				640	</div>
				641
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	642	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	643	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	644
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	645	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	646	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	647	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	648	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				649	</p>
				650
				651	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				652	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				653	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				654	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				655	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				656
				657	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				658	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				659	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				660	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	661
				662	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				663	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				664	</p>
				665
				666
				667	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	668	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	669	</div>
				670
				671	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				672
				673	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				674	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				675	mapping. </p>
				676
				677	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				678	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				679	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				680	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				681	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				682
				683	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				684	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				685	</p>
				686
				687
				688	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	689	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	690	</div>
				691
				692	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				693
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	694	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				695	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				696	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	697
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	698	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				699	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	700
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	701	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				702	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				703	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				704	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				705	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				706	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	707	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	708	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				709	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	710
				711	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	712	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	713	</div>
				714
				715	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				716
				717	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				718
				719	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				720
				721	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	722	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	723	</div>
				724
				725	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				726
				727	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	728	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	729	</div>
				730
				731	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				732
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	733	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				734	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				735	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				736	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				737	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				738	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	739
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	740	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				741	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				742	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	743
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	744	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				745	linear transform and applied
				746	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	747
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	748	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				749	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				750	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				751	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				752	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	753
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	754	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				755	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	756
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	757	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				758	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				759	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				760	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	761
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	762	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				763	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	764
				765	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	766	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	767	</div>
				768
				769	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				770
				771	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	772	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	773	</div>
				774
				775	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				776
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	777	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				778	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				779	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				780
				781	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				782	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	783	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	784	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				785
				786	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				787	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				788	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				789	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				790
				791	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				792	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				793	instead.</p>
				794
				795	<p>For example,</p>
				796
				797	<p class="crtsnip">
				798	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				799	</p>
				800
				801	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				802	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				803	480.</p>
				804
				805
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	806	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	807	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	808	</div>
				809
				810	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				811
				812	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				813
				814	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	815	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				816	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				817	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				818	<SOPNode>
				819	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				820	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				821	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				822	</SOPNode>
				823	<SATNode>
				824	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				825	</SATNode>
				826	</ColorCorrection>
				827	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	828	</pre>
				829
				830	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	831	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	832	</div>
				833
				834	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				835
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	836	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				837	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				838	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				839	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	840
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	841	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	842	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				843	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				844	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	845
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	846	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				847	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	848	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	849	-channel Red,Blue
				850	</p>
				851	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				852	<p class="crtsnip">
				853	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	854	</p>
				855
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	856	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	857	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				858	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				859	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				860
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	861	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	862
				863	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				864	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	865	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				866	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				867	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				868	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	869	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	870
				871	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	872	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	873	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	874	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	875	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	876
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	877	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	878	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				879	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				880	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				881	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				882	contribute to the final result. </p>
				883
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	884	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	885	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				886	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				887	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				888	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				889	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	890
				891	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				892	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	893
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	894	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	895
				896	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				898	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				899	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				900	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				901	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	902
				903	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				904	include the following.
				905
				906	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				907	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	908	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				909	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	910	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	911	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				912	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	913	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				914	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	915	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				916	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				917	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				918	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	919	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	920	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	921	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	922	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	923	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				924	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				925	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				926	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				927	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	928	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	929	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	930	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				931	</p>
				932
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	933	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	934	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	935	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	936	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				937	flag. </p>
				938
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	939	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				940	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				941	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	942
				943	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				944	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				945	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				946	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				947	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				948	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	949	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	950	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	951	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	952
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	953	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	954	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	955	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				956	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				957	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	959
				960	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	961	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	962	</div>
				963
				964	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				965
				966	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	967	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	968	</div>
				969
				970	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				971
				972	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	973	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	974	</div>
				975
				976	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				977
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	978	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				979	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				980	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				981	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				982	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				983	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	984
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	985	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				986	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	987
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	988	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				989	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				990	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				991	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				992	</p>
				993
				994	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				995	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				996	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				997
				998
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	999	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1000	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1001	</div>
				1002
				1003	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1004
				1005	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1006
				1007	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1008
				1009	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1010	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1011
				1012	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1013
				1014	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1015	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1016	</div>
				1017
				1018	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1019
				1020	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1021	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1022	</div>
				1023
				1024	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1025
				1026	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1027	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1028	</div>
				1029
				1030	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1031
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1032	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1033	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1034	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1035	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1036
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1037	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1038	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1039	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1040	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1041	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1042	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
				1043	effectivally clone all the images. </p>
				1044
				1045	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1046	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1047	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1048
				1049	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1050	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1051	</div>
				1052
				1053	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1054	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1055	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1056
				1057	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1058	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1059	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1060	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1061	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1062
				1063	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1064	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1065	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1066	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1067	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1068	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1069	lookup of color values. </p>
				1070
				1071	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1072	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1073
				1074	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1075	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1076	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1077	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1078	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1079	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1080	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1081	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1082
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1083	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1084	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1085	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1086	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1087	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1088	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1089	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1090	</p>
				1091
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1092	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1093	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1094	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1095
				1096
				1097	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1098	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1099	</div>
				1100
				1101	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1102
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1103	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1104	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1105	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1106	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1107	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1108	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1109	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1110
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1111	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1112	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1113	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1114	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1115
				1116
				1117	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1118	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1119	</div>
				1120
				1121	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1122
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1123	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1124	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1125	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1126	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1127
				1128	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1129	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1130	</div>
				1131
				1132	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1133
				1134	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1135
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1136	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1137	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1138	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1139	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1140	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1141	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1142	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1143	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1144	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1145
				1146	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1147	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1148	</div>
				1149
				1150	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1151
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1152	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1153	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1154	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1155	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1156	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1157	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1158	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1159	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1160	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1161
				1162	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1163	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164	</div>
				1165
				1166	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1167
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1168	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1169	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1170	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1171	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1172	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1173	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1174
				1175	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1176
				1177	<pre class="text">
				1178	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1179	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1180	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1181	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1182	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1183	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1184	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1185	</pre>
				1186	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1187	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1188	</div>
				1189
				1190	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1191
				1192	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1193
				1194	<pre class="text">
				1195	CMY
				1196	CMYK
				1197	Gray
				1198	HSB
				1199	HSL
				1200	HWB
				1201	Lab
				1202	Log
				1203	OHTA
				1204	Rec601Luma
				1205	Rec601YCbCr
				1206	Rec709Luma
				1207	Rec709YCbCr
				1208	RGB
				1209	sRGB
				1210	Transparent
				1211	XYZ
				1212	YCbCr
				1213	YCC
				1214	YIQ
				1215	YPbPr
				1216	YUV
				1217	</pre>
				1218
				1219	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1220
				1221	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1222
				1223	<table class="doc">
				1224	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1225	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1226	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1227	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1228	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1229	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1230	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1231	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1232	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1233	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1234
				1235	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1236	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1237
				1238	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1239	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1240	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1241	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1242
				1243	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1244	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1245	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1246	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1247
				1248	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1249	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1250	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1251	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1252
				1253	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1254	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1255	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1256	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1257
				1258	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1259	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1260	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1261	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1262
				1263	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1264	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1265	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1266	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1267
				1268	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1269	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1270
				1271	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1272	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1273	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1274	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1275
				1276	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1277	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1278
				1279	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1280	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1281	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1282	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1283
				1284	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1285	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1286	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1287	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1288
				1289	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1290	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1291	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1292	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1293
				1294	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1295	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1296	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1297	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1298
				1299	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1300	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1301	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1302	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1303
				1304	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1305	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1306	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1307	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1308
				1309	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1310	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1311	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1312	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1313
				1314	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1315	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1316	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1317	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1318	</table>
				1319
				1320	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1321	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1322	</div>
				1323
				1324	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1325
				1326	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1327
				1328	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1329	</p>
				1330
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1331	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1332	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1333	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1334	</div>
				1335
				1336	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1337
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1338	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1339	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1340	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1341
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1342	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1343	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1344	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1345	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1346
				1347	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1348	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1349	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1350	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1351
				1352	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1353	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1354	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1355
				1356	<p>For example,</p>
				1357
				1358	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1359	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1360	</p>
				1361
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1362	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1363	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1364	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1365
				1366	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1367	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1368	</div>
				1369
				1370	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1371
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1372	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1373	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1374
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1375	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1376	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1377	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1378	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1379	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1380	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1381	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1382	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1383	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1384	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1385
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1386	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1387	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1388
				1389
				1390	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1391	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1392	</div>
				1393
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1394	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1395
				1396	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1397	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1398	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1399	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1400	settings. </p>
				1401
				1402	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1403	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1404	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1405	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1406	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1407
				1408	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1409	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1410	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1411	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1412
				1413	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1414	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1415	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1416	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1417
				1418
				1419	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1420	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1421	</div>
				1422
				1423	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1424
				1425	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1426
				1427	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1428
				1429	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1430
				1431	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1432
				1433	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1434
				1435	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1436
				1437	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1438	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1439	</div>
				1440
				1441	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1442
				1443	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1444
				1445	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1446
				1447	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1448	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1449	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1450	</div>
				1451
				1452	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1453
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1454	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1455	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1456	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1457	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1458	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1459
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1460	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1461	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1462	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1463	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1464	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1465	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1466
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1467	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1468	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1469	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1470	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1471	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1472	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1473
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1474	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1475	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1476	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1477
				1478	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1479	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1480	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1481	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1482
				1483	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1484	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1485
				1486	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1487
				1488
				1489	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1490	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1491	</div>
				1492
				1493	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1494
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1495	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1496	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1497	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1498	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1499	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1500	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1501
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1502	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1503	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1504	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1505	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1506	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1507	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1508	</p>
				1509
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1510	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1511	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1512	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1513	href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1514	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1515	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1516	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1517	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1518
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1519
				1520	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1521	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1522	</div>
				1523
				1524	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1525
				1526	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1527
				1528	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1529
				1530	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1531
				1532	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1533
				1534	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1535	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1536	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1537	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1538	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1539
				1540	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1541	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1542	missed' warning given. </p>
				1543
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1544	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1545
				1546	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1547	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1548	</div>
				1549
				1550	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1551
				1552	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1553	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1554
				1555
				1556	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1557	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1558	</div>
				1559
				1560	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1561
				1562	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1563
				1564
				1565	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1566
				1567	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1568	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1569
				1570	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1571
				1572	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1573
				1574	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1575
				1576	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1577
				1578
				1579	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1580	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1581	</div>
				1582
				1583	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1584
				1585	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1586
				1587	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1588
				1589
				1590	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1591	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1592	</div>
				1593
				1594	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1595
				1596	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1597
				1598	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1599
				1600	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1601
				1602
				1603	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1604	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1605	</div>
				1606
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1607	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1608	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1609
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1610	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1611	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1612	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1613	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1614	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1615	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1616
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1617	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1618	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1619	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1620	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1621	existing definitions.</p>
				1622
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1623	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1624	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1625	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1626	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1627
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1628	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1629	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1630	is case-dependent.</p>
				1631
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1632	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1633
				1634	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1635	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1636
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1637	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1638	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1639	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1640	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1641
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1642	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1643	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1644	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1645
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1646	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1647	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1648	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1649
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1650	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1651	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1652	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1653	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1654
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1655	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1656	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1657	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1658	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1659	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1660	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1661
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1662	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1663	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1665	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1666	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1667	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1668	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1669	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1670	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1671	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1672	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1673	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1674	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1675	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1676	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1677	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1678	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1679	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1680	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1681
				1682	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1683	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1684	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1685
				1686	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1687	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1688	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1689	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1690	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1691	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1692
				1693	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1694	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1695	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1696	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1697	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1698	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1699
				1700	<pre class="text">
				1701	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1702	</pre>
				1703
				1704	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1705	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1706	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1707
				1708	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1709	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1710	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1711	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1712	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1713
				1714	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1715	following for PNG output:</p>
				1716
				1717	<pre class="text">
				1718	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1719	</pre>
				1720
				1721	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				1722	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk.</p>
				1723	</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1724
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1725	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1726	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1727	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1728	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1729
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1730	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1731	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1732	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1733	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1734	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1735	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1736	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1737
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1738	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1739
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1740	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1741	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1742
				1743	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1744	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1745	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1746	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1747
				1748	<p class="crtsnip">
				1749	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1750	</p>
				1751
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1752
				1753
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1754	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1755	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1756	</div>
				1757
				1758	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1759
				1760	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1761
				1762	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1763
				1764
				1765	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1766	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1767	</div>
				1768
				1769	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1770
				1771	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1772
				1773
				1774	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1775	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1776	</div>
				1777
				1778	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1779
				1780	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1781
				1782	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1783
				1784	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1785
				1786	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1787
				1788	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1789	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1790	</div>
				1791
				1792	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1793
				1794	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1795
				1796	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1797	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1798	</div>
				1799
				1800	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1801
				1802	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1803	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1804	</div>
				1805
				1806	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1807
				1808	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1809
				1810	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1811	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1812	</div>
				1813
				1814	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1815
				1816	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1817	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1818	</div>
				1819
				1820	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1821
				1822	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1823	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1824	</div>
				1825
				1826	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1827
				1828	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1829	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1830	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1831	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1832	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1833	behind it. </p>
				1834
				1835	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1836	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1837	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1838	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1839
				1840	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1841	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1842	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1843	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1844	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1845	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1846	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1847
				1848	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1849	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1850	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1851	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1852	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1853	into the overlay area. </p>
				1854
				1855	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1856	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1857	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1858	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1859
				1860	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1861	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1862	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1863	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1864	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1865	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1866	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1867	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1868	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1869	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1870	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1871
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1872	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1873	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1874	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1875	</p>
				1876
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1877	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1878	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1879	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1880
				1881
				1882	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1883	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1884	</div>
				1885
				1886	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1887
				1888	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1889
				1890	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1891	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1892	</div>
				1893
				1894	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1895
				1896	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1897	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1898	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1899	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1900
				1901	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1902
				1903	<pre class="text">
				1904	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1905	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1906	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1907	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1908	</pre>
				1909
				1910	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1911	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1912
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1913	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1914
				1915	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				1916	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				1917
				1918	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				1919	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				1920
				1921	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1922	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1923	</div>
				1924
				1925	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1926
				1927
				1928	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1929	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1930	</div>
				1931
				1932	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1933
				1934	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				1935	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1936	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1937	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				1938	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				1939
				1940	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				1941	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				1942	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				1943
				1944	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1945	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1946	</div>
				1947
				1948	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1949
				1950	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				1951	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				1952	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				1953	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				1954
				1955	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				1956
				1957	<table class="doc">
				1958	<tr valign="top">
				1959	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				1960	<th align="left">Description</th>
				1961	</tr>
				1962
				1963	<tr valign="top">
				1964	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				1965	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				1966	<td valign="top">
				1967	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				1968	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				1969	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				1970	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				1971	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				1972	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				1973
				1974	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				1975	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				1976
				1977	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				1978	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				1979	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				1980	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	1981	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1982	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1983	<tr><td>5:</td>
				1984	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1985	<tr><td>6:</td>
				1986	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1987	<tr><td>7:</td>
				1988	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				1989	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1990	</table>
				1991
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1992	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1993	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				1994
				1995	<tr valign="top">
				1996	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				1997	<td valign="top">
				1998	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1999	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2000	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2001	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2002	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2003	distortions. <br/>
				2004
				2005	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2006	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2007	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2008	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2009	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2010	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2011	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2012
				2013	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2014	</td>
				2015
				2016	</tr>
				2017
				2018	<tr valign="top">
				2019	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2020	<td valign="top">
				2021	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2022	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2023	the source image to the destination image.
				2024
				2025	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2026	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2027	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2028	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2029	</em></div>
				2030
				2031	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2032	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2033
				2034	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2035	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2036	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2037	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2038	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2039
				2040	</tr>
				2041
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2042	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2043	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2044	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2045	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2046	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2047	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2048	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2049	consistent. <br/>
				2050
				2051	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2052	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2053	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2054	in each case. <br/>
				2055
				2056	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2057	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2058	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2059	may dissappear. <br/>
				2060
				2061	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2062	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2063	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2064
				2065	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2066	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2067
				2068	<tr valign="top">
				2069	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2070	<td valign="top">
				2071	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2072	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2073	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2074	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2075	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2076	linear distortion. <br/>
				2077
				2078	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2079	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2080	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2081	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2082	</tr>
				2083
				2084	<tr valign="top">
				2085	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2086	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2087	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2088	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2089	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2090	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2091	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2092	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2093
				2094	</tr>
				2095
				2096	<tr valign="top">
				2097	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2098	<td valign="top">
				2099	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2100	a circle. <br/>
				2101	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2102	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2103	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2104	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2105	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2106	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2107	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2108	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2109	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2110	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2111	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2112	</table>
				2113
				2114	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2115	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2116	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2117	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2118	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2119
				2120	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2121	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2122	conversion. </td>
				2123	</tr>
				2124
				2125	<tr valign="top">
				2126	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2127	<td valign="top">
				2128	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2129	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2130	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2131	angle limits. <br/>
				2132
				2133	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2134
				2135	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2136	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2137	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2138	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2139	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2140	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2141	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2142	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2143	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2144	the same arguments. <br/>
				2145
				2146	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2147	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2148	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2149	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2150
				2151	</tr>
				2152
				2153	<tr valign="top">
				2154	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2155	<td valign="top">
				2156	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2157	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2158
				2159	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2160	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2161	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2162	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2163	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2164	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2165
				2166	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2167	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2168	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2169	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2170	a high quality result. </td>
				2171
				2172	</tr>
				2173
				2174	<tr valign="top">
				2175	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2176	<td valign="top">
				2177	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2178	href="http://www.all-in-one.ee/~dersch/barrel/barrel.html" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2179	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2180	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2181	lines straight again. <br/>
				2182
				2183	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2184	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2185	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2186	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2187	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2188	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2189	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2190	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2191
				2192	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2193	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2194	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2195	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2196	</td>
				2197
				2198	</tr>
				2199
				2200	<tr valign="top">
				2201	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2202	<td valign="top">
				2203	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2204	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2205	of the radial polynomial,
				2206	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2207	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2208	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2209	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2210	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2211
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2212	</td>
				2213	</tr>
				2214
				2215	<tr valign="top">
				2216	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2217	<td valign="top">
				2218	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2219	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2220	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2221	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2222	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2223	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2224	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2225	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2226	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2227
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2228	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2229	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2230	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2231
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2232	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2233	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2234	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2235
				2236	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2237	</tr>
				2238
				2239	</table>
				2240
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2241	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2242	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2243
				2244	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2245	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2246	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2247	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2248	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2249	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2250	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2251	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2252	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2253	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2254	...
				2255	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2256	</em></div>
				2257	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2258	destination image. </p>
				2259
				2260	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2261	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2262	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2263	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2264	understand.</p>
				2265
				2266	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2267	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2268	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2269	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2270	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2271	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2272	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2273	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2274	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2275	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2276
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2277	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2278	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2279	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2280	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2281
				2282	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2283	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2284	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2285	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2286	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2287	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2288	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2289
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2290	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2291	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2292	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2293	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2294	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2295	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2296	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2297	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2298	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2299
				2300	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2301	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2302	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2303	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2304	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2305
				2306	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2307	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2308	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2309	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2310	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2311	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2312	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2313	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2314
				2315	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2316	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2317	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2318	image space.</p>
				2319
				2320	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2321	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2322	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2323	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2324	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2325	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2326
				2327	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2328	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2329	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2330	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2331
				2332	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2333	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2334	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2335	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2336	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2337
				2338
				2339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2340	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2341	</div>
				2342
				2343	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2344
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2345	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2346
				2347	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2348	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2349	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2350	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2351	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2352	color gradients. </p>
				2353
				2354	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2355	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2356
				2357	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2358
				2359
				2360	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2361	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2362	</div>
				2363
				2364	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2365
				2366	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2367
				2368	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2369
				2370	<pre class="text">
				2371	point x,y
				2372	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2373	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2374	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2375	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2376	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2377	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2378	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2379	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2380	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2381	path path specification
				2382	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2383	</pre>
				2384
				2385	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2386
				2387	<pre class="text">
				2388	text x0,y0 string
				2389	</pre>
				2390	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2391
				2392	<pre class="text">
				2393	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2394	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2395	</pre>
				2396
				2397	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2398
				2399	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2400
				2401	<pre class="text">
				2402	rotate degrees
				2403	translate dx,dy
				2404	scale sx,sy
				2405	skewX degrees
				2406	skewY degrees
				2407	</pre>
				2408
				2409	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2410
				2411	<pre class="text">
				2412	color x0,y0 method
				2413	matte x0,y0 method
				2414	</pre>
				2415
				2416	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2417
				2418	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2419
				2420	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2421
				2422	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2423
				2424	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2425
				2426	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2427
				2428	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2429
				2430	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2431
				2432	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2433	</p>
				2434
				2435	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2436
				2437	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2438
				2439	<p class="crtsnip">
				2440	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2441	</p>
				2442
				2443	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2444	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2445
				2446	<p class="crtsnip">
				2447	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2448	</p>
				2449	<p class="crtsnip">
				2450	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2451	</p>
				2452
				2453
				2454	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2455
				2456	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2457
				2458	<p class="crtsnip">
				2459	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2460	</p>
				2461
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2462	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2463	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2464	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2465	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2466
				2467	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2468
				2469	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2470
				2471	<p class="crtsnip">
				2472	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2473	</p>
				2474
				2475	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2476
				2477	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2478
				2479	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2480
				2481	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2482
				2483	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2484
				2485	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2486	matrix.</p>
				2487
				2488	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2489
				2490	<pre class="text">
				2491	point
				2492	replace
				2493	floodfill
				2494	filltoborder
				2495	reset
				2496	</pre>
				2497
				2498	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2499
				2500	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2501
				2502	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2503
				2504	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2505
				2506	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2507
				2508
				2509	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2510	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2511	</div>
				2512
				2513	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2514
				2515	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2516	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2517	</div>
				2518
				2519	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2520
				2521	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2522	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2523	</div>
				2524
				2525	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2526
				2527	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2528
				2529	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2530
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2531
				2532
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2533	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2534	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2535	</div>
				2536
				2537	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2538
				2539	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2540
				2541	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2542	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2543	</div>
				2544
				2545	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2546
				2547	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2548
				2549	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2550
				2551
				2552	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2553	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2554	</div>
				2555
				2556	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2557
				2558
				2559	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2560	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2561	</div>
				2562
				2563	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2564
				2565	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2566
				2567	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2568
				2569	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2570
				2571	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2572	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2573	</div>
				2574
				2575	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2576
				2577	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2578
				2579	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2580
				2581	<table class="doc">
				2582	<col width="25%" />
				2583	<col width="75%" />
				2584	<thead>
				2585	<tr>
				2586	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2587	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2588	</tr>
				2589	</thead>
				2590	<tbody>
				2591
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2592	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2593	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2594	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2595	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2596	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2597	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2598	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2599	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2600	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2601	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2602	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2603	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2604	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2605	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2606	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2607	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2608	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2609	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2610	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2611	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2612	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2613	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2614
				2615	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2616
				2617	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2618	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2619	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2620	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2621	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2622	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2623
				2624	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2625
				2626	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2627	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2628	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2629	</tbody>
				2630	</table>
				2631
				2632	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2633	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2634	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2635	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2636	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2637	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2638	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2639	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2640
				2641	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2642	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2643
				2644	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2645	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2646	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2647	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2648	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2649	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2650	'alpha' values.</p>
				2651
				2652	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2653
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2654	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2655
				2656	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2657	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2658	</div>
				2659
				2660	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2661	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2662
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2663	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2664
				2665	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2666	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2667	</div>
				2668
				2669	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2670	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2671	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2672	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2673	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2674	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2675
				2676	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2677	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2678	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2679	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2680	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2681	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2682	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2683	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2684	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2685	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2686	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2687
				2688	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2689	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2690	</div>
				2691
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2692	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2693	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2694
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2695	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2696	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2697	</div>
				2698
				2699	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2700
				2701	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2702	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2703	</div>
				2704
				2705	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2706
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2707	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2708	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2709	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2710	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2711
				2712	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2713
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2714
				2715	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2716
				2717	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2718	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2719	</div>
				2720
				2721	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2722
				2723	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2724
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2725	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2726
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2727	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2728	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2729	equivalent to:</p>
				2730
				2731	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2732	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2733
				2734	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2735	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2736	</div>
				2737
				2738	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2739
				2740	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2741	</p>
				2742
				2743	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2744	</p>
				2745
				2746	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2747	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2748	</div>
				2749
				2750	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2751
				2752	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2753	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2754	</div>
				2755
				2756	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2757
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2758	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2759
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2760	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2761
				2762	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2763
				2764	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2765	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2766
				2767	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2768	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2769
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2770	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2771
				2772	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2773
				2774	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2775	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2776	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2777
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2778	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2779
				2780	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2781
				2782	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2783
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2784	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2785
				2786	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				2787	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				2788	</p>
				2789
				2790
				2791	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2792	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2793	</div>
				2794
				2795	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2796
				2797	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2798
				2799	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2800
				2801	<p>For example,</p>
				2802
				2803	<p class="crtsnip">
				2804	-fill blue
				2805	</p>
				2806	<p class="crtsnip">
				2807	-fill "#ddddff"
				2808	</p>
				2809	<p class="crtsnip">
				2810	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2811	</p>
				2812
				2813	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2814
				2815	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2816
				2817	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2818	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2819	</div>
				2820
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2821	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2822	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2823
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2824	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2825	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2826	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2827
				2828	<pre class="text">
				2829	Point Hermite Cubic
				2830	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2831	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2832	</pre>
				2833
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2834	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2835	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2836	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2837	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2838	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2839
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2840	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2841	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2842	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2843	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2844
				2845	<pre class="text">
				2846	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2847	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2848	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2849	</pre>
				2850
				2851	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2852	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2853	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2854
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2855	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2856	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2857	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2858	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2859
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2860	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2861	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2862
				2863	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2864	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2865	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2866
				2867	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2868	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2869	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2870	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2871	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2872	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2873
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2874	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2875	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2876	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2877	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2878	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2879	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2880	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2881	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2882
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2883	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2884	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2885	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2886	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2887	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2888
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2889	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2890	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2891	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2892	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2893	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2894	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2895	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2896	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2897
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2898	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2899	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2900	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2901	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2902	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2903	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2904
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2905	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2906	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				2907	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				2908	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				2909	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				2910	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				2911	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				2912	</dd>
				2913
				2914	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				2915	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				2916	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				2917	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				2918	easily graphed. </dd>
				2919
				2920	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				2921	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				2922	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				2923	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				2924	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2925
				2926	</dl>
				2927
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2928	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2929
				2930	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				2931	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				2932	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2933	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				2934
				2935	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				2936	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2937	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2938	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				2939	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				2940	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				2941	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				2942	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2943
				2944
				2945	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2946	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2947	</div>
				2948
				2949	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2950
				2951
				2952	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2953	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2954	</div>
				2955
				2956	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2957
				2958	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				2959
				2960	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2961	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2962	</div>
				2963
				2964	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2965
				2966	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2967	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2968	</div>
				2969
				2970	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2971
				2972	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				2973
				2974
				2975	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2976	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2977	</div>
				2978
				2979	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2980
				2981	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				2982
				2983	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				2984	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				2985	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				2986	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				2987
				2988	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				2989
				2990
				2991	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2992	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2993	</div>
				2994
				2995	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2996
				2997	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				2998
				2999	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3000
				3001	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3002	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3003	</div>
				3004
				3005	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3006
				3007	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="/www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
				3008
				3009	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3010
				3011	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3012	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3013	</div>
				3014
				3015	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3016
				3017	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3018
				3019	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3020	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3021	</div>
				3022
				3023	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3024
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3025	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3026	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3027
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3028	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3029	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3030	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3031	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3032	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3033	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3034	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3035	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3036	</p>
				3037
				3038	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3039	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3040	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3041	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3042	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3043	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3044	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3045	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3046	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3047
				3048	<p>The image composition is not
				3049	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3050
				3051
				3052	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3053	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3054	</div>
				3055
				3056	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3057
				3058	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3059	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3060	</div>
				3061
				3062	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3063
				3064	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3065
				3066	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3067
				3068	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3069
				3070	<pre class="text">
				3071	Polynomial
				3072	Sinusoid
				3073	Arcsin
				3074	Arctan
				3075	</pre>
				3076
				3077	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3078
				3079	<dl class="doc">
				3080	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3081	<dd>
				3082	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3083
				3084	<div style="text-align: center">
				3085	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3086	</div>
				3087
				3088	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3089
				3090	<div style="text-align: center">
				3091	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3092	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3093	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3094	</div>
				3095
				3096	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3097
				3098	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3099
				3100	<table class="doc">
				3101	<col width="35%" />
				3102	<col width="35%" />
				3103	<col width="30%" />
				3104	<tr>
				3105	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3106	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3107	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3108	</tr>
				3109	<tr>
				3110	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3111	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3112	</tr>
				3113	<tr>
				3114	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3115	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3116	</tr>
				3117	<tr>
				3118	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3119	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3120	</tr>
				3121	<tr>
				3122	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3123	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3124	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3125	</tr>
				3126	</table>
				3127
				3128	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3129	</dd>
				3130
				3131	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3132	<dd>
				3133	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3134
				3135	<div style="text-align: center">
				3136	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3137	</div>
				3138
				3139	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3140
				3141	<div style="text-align: center">
				3142	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3143	</div>
				3144
				3145	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3146
				3147	<p class="crtsnip">
				3148	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3149	</p>
				3150
				3151	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3152
				3153	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3154
				3155	<table class="doc">
				3156	<tr>
				3157	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3158	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3159	</tr>
				3160	<tr>
				3161	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3162	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3163	</tr>
				3164	</table>
				3165	</dd>
				3166
				3167	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3168	<dd>
				3169	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3170	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3171	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3172	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3173
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3174	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3175	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3176	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3177
				3178	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3179	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3180	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3181	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3182
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3183	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3184	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3185	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3186
				3187	</dd>
				3188
				3189	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3190	<dd>
				3191	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3192	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3193	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3194
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3195	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3196	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3197	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3198
				3199	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3200	</p>
				3201
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3202	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3203	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3204	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3205
				3206	</dd>
				3207
				3208	</dl>
				3209
				3210
				3211	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3212	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3213	</div>
				3214
				3215	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3216
				3217	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3218
				3219	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3220
				3221
				3222	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3223	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3224	</div>
				3225
				3226	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3227
				3228	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3229
				3230	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3231
				3232
				3233	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3234	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3235	</div>
				3236
				3237	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3238
				3239	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3240
				3241	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3242
				3243	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3244
				3245	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3246
				3247	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3248
				3249	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3250	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3251	</div>
				3252
				3253	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3254
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3255	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3256	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3257
				3258	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3259	</div>
				3260
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3261	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3262	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3263
				3264	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3265	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3266	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3267	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3268	</p>
				3269
				3270	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3271	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3272	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3273	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3274	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3275
				3276	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3277	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3278	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3279
				3280	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3281	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3282	</p>
				3283
				3284
				3285	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3286	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3287	</div>
				3288
				3289	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3290
				3291	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3292
				3293	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3294	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3295	</div>
				3296
				3297	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3298
				3299	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3300	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3301	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3302	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3303	installation.</p>
				3304
				3305	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3306
				3307	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3308
				3309	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3310
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3311	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3312	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3313
				3314	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3315
				3316
				3317	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3318	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3319	</div>
				3320
				3321	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3322
				3323
				3324	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3325	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3326	</div>
				3327
				3328	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3329
				3330	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3331	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3332	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3333	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3334
				3335	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3336	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3337	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3338	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3339
				3340	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3341	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3342	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3343	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3344	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3345
				3346	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3347	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3348	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3349	mapping. </p>
				3350
				3351
				3352	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3353	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3354	</div>
				3355
				3356	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3357
				3358	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3359	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3360	</div>
				3361
				3362	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3363
				3364	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3365	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3366	</div>
				3367
				3368	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3369
				3370	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3371
				3372	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3373
				3374	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3375	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3376	</div>
				3377
				3378	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3379
				3380	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3381	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3382	</div>
				3383
				3384	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3385
				3386	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3387
				3388	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="/www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				3389
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3390	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3391	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3392	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3393
				3394	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3395	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3396	</div>
				3397
				3398	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3399
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3400	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3401
				3402	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3403
				3404	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3405	<p>or</p>
				3406
				3407	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3408
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3409	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3410
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3411	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3412
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3413	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3414
				3415	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3416	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3417	</div>
				3418
				3419	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3420
				3421	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3422	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3423	</div>
				3424
				3425	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3426
				3427	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3428	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3429	</div>
				3430
				3431	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3432
				3433	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3434
				3435	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3436
				3437	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3438	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3439	</div>
				3440
				3441	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3442
				3443	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3444
				3445	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3446
				3447	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3448
				3449	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3450	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3451	</div>
				3452
				3453	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3454
				3455	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3456
				3457	<pre class="text">
				3458	none
				3459	line
				3460	plane
				3461	partition
				3462	JPEG
				3463	GIF
				3464	PNG
				3465	</pre>
				3466
				3467	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3468
				3469	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3470
				3471	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3472
				3473	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3474
				3475	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3476	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3477
				3478	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3479	image.</p>
				3480
				3481	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3482
				3483	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3484	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3485	</div>
				3486
				3487	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3488
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3489	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3490	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3491	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3492	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3493	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3494
				3495	<pre class="text">
				3496	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3497	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3498	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3499	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3500	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3501	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3502	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3503	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3504	</pre>
				3505
				3506	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3507	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3508	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3509
				3510	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3511
				3512	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3513	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3514
				3515
				3516	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3517	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3518	</div>
				3519
				3520	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3521
				3522	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3523	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3524	</div>
				3525
				3526	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3527
				3528	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3529	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3530	</div>
				3531
				3532	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3533
				3534	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3535	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3536	</div>
				3537
				3538	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3539
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3540	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3541	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3542	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3543	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3544
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3545	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3546	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3547	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3548
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3549	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3550	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3551	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3552
				3553	<p>For example,</p>
				3554
				3555	<p class="crtsnip">
				3556	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3557	</p>
				3558
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3559	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3560	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3561	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3562	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3563	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3564
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3565	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3566	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3567	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3568	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3569
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3570	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3571	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3572	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3573	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3574
				3575
				3576	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3577	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3578	</div>
				3579
				3580	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3581
				3582	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3583	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3584	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3585	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3586	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3587	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3588
				3589	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3590	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3591	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3592
				3593
				3594	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3595	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3596	</div>
				3597
				3598	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3599
				3600	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3601	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3602	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3603
				3604	<table class="doc">
				3605	<tbody>
				3606	<tr valign="top">
				3607	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3608	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3609	</tr>
				3610
				3611	<tr valign="top">
				3612	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3613	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3614	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3615	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3616	</tr>
				3617
				3618	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3619	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3620	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3621	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3622	</tr>
				3623
				3624	<tr valign="top">
				3625	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3626	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3627	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3628	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3629	</tr>
				3630
				3631	<tr valign="top">
				3632	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3633	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3634	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3635	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3636	</tr>
				3637
				3638	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3639	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3640	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3641	</tr>
				3642
				3643	<tr valign="top">
				3644	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3645	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3646	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3647	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3648	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3649	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3650	</tr>
				3651
				3652	<tr valign="top">
				3653	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3654	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3655	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3656	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3657	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3658	image lists are removed. </td>
				3659	</tr>
				3660
				3661
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3662	<tr><td></td>
				3663	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3664	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3665	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3666	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3667	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3668
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3669	<tr><td></td>
				3670	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3671	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3672	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3673	preserved. </td>
				3674	</tr>
				3675
				3676
				3677	<tr valign="top">
				3678	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3679	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3680	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3681	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3682	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3683	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3684	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3685	</td>
				3686	</tr>
				3687
				3688	<tr valign="top">
				3689	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3690	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3691	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3692	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3693	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3694	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3695	</tr>
				3696
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3697	<tr><td></td>
				3698	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3699	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3700	</tr>
				3701
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3702	<tr><td></td>
				3703	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3704	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3705	transparency from an image.</td>
				3706	</tr>
				3707
				3708
				3709	<tr valign="top">
				3710	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3711	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3712	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3713	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3714	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3715	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3716	</td>
				3717	</tr>
				3718
				3719	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3720	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3721	</tr>
				3722
				3723	<tr valign="top">
				3724	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3725	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3726	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3727	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3728	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3729	edges.</td>
				3730	</tr>
				3731
				3732	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3733	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3734	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3735	any image file format. </td>
				3736	</tr>
				3737
				3738
				3739	<tr valign="top">
				3740	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3741	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3742	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3743	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3744	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3745	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3746	</tr>
				3747
				3748	<tr valign="top">
				3749	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3750	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3751	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3752	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3753	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3754	</tr>
				3755
				3756	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3757	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3758	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3759	optimizers seen. </td>
				3760	</tr>
				3761
				3762	<tr valign="top">
				3763	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3764	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3765	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3766	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3767	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3768	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3769	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3770	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3771	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3772	</tr>
				3773
				3774	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3775	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3776	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3777	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3778	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3779	</tr>
				3780
				3781	<tr valign="top">
				3782	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3783	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3784	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3785	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3786	</td>
				3787	</tr>
				3788
				3789	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3790	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3791	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3792	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3793	</tr>
				3794
				3795	<tr valign="top">
				3796	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3797	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3798	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3799	</td>
				3800	</tr>
				3801
				3802	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3803	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3804	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3805	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3806	</tr>
				3807
				3808	<tr valign="top">
				3809	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3810	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3811	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3812	warning is then issued). </td>
				3813	</tr>
				3814
				3815	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3816	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3817	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3818	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3819	</tr>
				3820
				3821	<tr valign="top">
				3822	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3823	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3824	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3825	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3826	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3827	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3828	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3829	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3830	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3831	</td>
				3832	</tr>
				3833
				3834	</tbody>
				3835	</table>
				3836
				3837	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3838
				3839	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3840	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3841	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3842	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3843	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3844	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3845
				3846
				3847	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3848	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3849	</div>
				3850
				3851	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3852
				3853	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3854	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3855	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3856	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3857	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3858	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3859	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3860	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3861
				3862	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3863	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3864	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3865	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3866	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3867	adjusted. </p>
				3868
				3869	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3870	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3871	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3872	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3873	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3874	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3875
				3876	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3877	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3878	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3879
				3880	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3881	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3882
				3883
				3884	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3885	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3886	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3887	</div>
				3888
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3889	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3890
				3891	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3892	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3893	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3894	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3895
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3896	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3897	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3898	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3899	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3900
				3901	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3902	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3903	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3904	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3905	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3906
				3907	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				3908	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3909	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3910	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				3911	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				3912	color (+ form). </p>
				3913
				3914
				3915	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3916	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3917	</div>
				3918
				3919	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3920
				3921	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				3922
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3923	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3924
				3925	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3926	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3927	</p>
				3928
				3929	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				3930
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3931	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				3932	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3933	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3934	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				3935	</pre>
				3936
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3937	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				3938
				3939	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				3940
				3941	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				3942
				3943	<p class="crtsnip">
				3944	-limit area 10mb
				3945	</p>
				3946
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3947	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3948
				3949	<p class="crtsnip">
				3950	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				3951	</p>
				3952
				3953	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				3954
				3955	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				3956
				3957	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				3958	</p>
				3959
				3960	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				3961	</p>
				3962
				3963	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3964	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3965	</div>
				3966
				3967	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3968
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3969	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				3970	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				3971	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				3972	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				3973
				3974	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				3975	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				3976	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				3977
				3978	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				3979	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				3980	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				3981
				3982	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				3983	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				3984
				3985	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				3986
				3987
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3988	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3989	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3990	</div>
				3991
				3992	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3993
				3994	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	3995	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3996	</div>
				3997
				3998	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3999
				4000	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4001
				4002	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4003	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4004	</div>
				4005
				4006	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4007
				4008	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4009	Align
				4010	Alpha
				4011	Boolean
				4012	Channel
				4013	Class
				4014	ClipPath
				4015	Coder
				4016	Color
				4017	Colorspace
				4018	Command
				4019	Compose
				4020	Compress
				4021	Configure
				4022	DataType
				4023	Debug
				4024	Decoration
				4025	Delegate
				4026	Direction
				4027	Dispose
				4028	Distort
				4029	Dither
				4030	Endian
				4031	Evaluate
				4032	FillRule
				4033	Filter
				4034	Font
				4035	Format
				4036	Function
				4037	Gravity
				4038	ImageList
				4039	Intent
				4040	Interlace
				4041	Interpolate
				4042	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4043	Layers
				4044	LineCap
				4045	LineJoin
				4046	List
				4047	Locale
				4048	LogEvent
				4049	Log
				4050	Magic
				4051	Method
				4052	Metric
				4053	Mime
				4054	Mode
				4055	Morphology
				4056	Module
				4057	Noise
				4058	Orientation
				4059	Policy
				4060	PolicyDomain
				4061	PolicyRights
				4062	Preview
				4063	Primitive
				4064	QuantumFormat
				4065	Resource
				4066	SparseColor
				4067	Storage
				4068	Stretch
				4069	Style
				4070	Threshold
				4071	Type
				4072	Units
				4073	Validate
				4074	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4075	</pre>
				4076
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4077	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4078	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4079	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4080
				4081	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4082	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4083	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4084	</div>
				4085
				4086	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4087
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4088	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4089	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4090
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4091	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4092	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4093
				4094	<pre class="text">
				4095	%d domain
				4096	%e event
				4097	%f function
				4098	%l line
				4099	%m module
				4100	%p process ID
				4101	%r real CPU time
				4102	%t wall clock time
				4103	%u user CPU time
				4104	%% percent sign
				4105	\n newline
				4106	\r carriage return
				4107	</pre>
				4108
				4109	<p>For example:</p>
				4110
				4111	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4112	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4113
				4114	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4115	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4116	</div>
				4117
				4118	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4119
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4120	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4121	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4122	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4123
				4124	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4125	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4126	</div>
				4127
				4128	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4129
				4130	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4131	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4132	</div>
				4133
				4134	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4135
				4136
				4137	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4138	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4139	</div>
				4140
				4141	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4142
				4143	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4144
				4145	<pre class="text">
				4146	best
				4147	default
				4148	gray
				4149	red
				4150	green
				4151	blue
				4152	</pre>
				4153
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4154	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4155	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4156	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4157	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4158	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4159
				4160
				4161	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4162	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4163	</div>
				4164
				4165	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4166
				4167	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4168
				4169	<pre class="text">
				4170	r red pixel component
				4171	g green pixel component
				4172	b blue pixel component
				4173	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4174	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4175	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4176	c cyan pixel component
				4177	m magenta pixel component
				4178	y yellow pixel component
				4179	k black pixel component
				4180	p pad component (always 0)
				4181	</pre>
				4182
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4183	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4184	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4185
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4186
				4187	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4188	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4189	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4190	</div>
				4191
				4192	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4193
				4194	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4195
				4196	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4197	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4198	</div>
				4199
				4200	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4201
				4202	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4203
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4204	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4205	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4206
				4207	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4208	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4209	</div>
				4210
				4211	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4212
				4213	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4214	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4215	</div>
				4216
				4217	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4218
				4219	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4220	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4221	</div>
				4222
				4223	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4224
				4225	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4226
				4227	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4228	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4229	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4230	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4231	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4232	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4233	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4234	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4235	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4236	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4237	</pre>
				4238
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4239	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4240	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4241	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4242	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4243	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4244	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4245
				4246	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4247	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4248	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4249
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4250	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4251	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4252
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4253
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4254	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4255	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4256	</div>
				4257
				4258	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4259
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4260
				4261	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4262	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4263	</div>
				4264
				4265	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4266
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4267	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4268	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4269
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4270	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4271	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4272	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4273
				4274
				4275	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4276	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4277	</div>
				4278
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4279	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4280	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4281
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4282	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4283	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4284
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4285	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4286	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4287	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4288	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4289
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4290	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4291	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4292	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4293
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4294	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4295	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4296	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4297	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4298	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4299	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4300
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4301	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4302	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4303	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4304
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4305	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4306	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4307	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4308	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4309
				4310	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4311
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4312	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4313	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4314	</div>
				4315
				4316	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4317
				4318
				4319	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4320	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4321	</div>
				4322
				4323	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4324
				4325
				4326	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4327	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4328	</div>
				4329
				4330	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4331
				4332	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4333	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4334	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4335	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4336	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4337
				4338
				4339	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4340	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4341	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4342	</div>
				4343
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4344	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4345
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4346	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4347	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4348	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4349
				4350
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4351	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4352	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4353	</div>
				4354
				4355	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4356
				4357
				4358	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4359	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4360	</div>
				4361
				4362	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4363
				4364	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4365	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4366	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4367
				4368	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4369	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4370
				4371	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4372	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4373	</p>
				4374
				4375	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4376	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4377	</div>
				4378
				4379	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4380	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4381	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4382	</div>
				4383
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4384	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4385
				4386	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4387
				4388	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4389	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4390	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4391	</div>
				4392
				4393	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4394
				4395	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4396
				4397	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4398
				4399	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4400
				4401	<pre class="text">
				4402	Gaussian
				4403	Impulse
				4404	Laplacian
				4405	Multiplicative
				4406	Poisson
				4407	Random
				4408	Uniform
				4409	</pre>
				4410
				4411	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4412
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4413	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4414	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4415	added to an image. </p>
				4416
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4417
				4418	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4419	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4420	</div>
				4421
				4422	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4423
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4424	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4425	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4426	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4427
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4428	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4429	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4430	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4431	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4432
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4433	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4434	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4435	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4436	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4437
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4438	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4439	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4440	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4441
				4442	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4443
				4444
				4445	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4446	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4447	</div>
				4448
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4449	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4450	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4451	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4452
				4453	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4454
				4455	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4456	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4457	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4458	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4459	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4460	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4461	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4462	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4463	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4464	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4465	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4466	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4467	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4468	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4469	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4470	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4471	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4472	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4473	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4474	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4475	</pre>
				4476
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4477	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4478	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4479	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4480
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4481	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4482	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4483
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4484	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4485	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4486	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4487	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4488	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4489
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4490	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4491	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4492	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4493	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4494
				4495
				4496	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4497	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4498	</div>
				4499
				4500	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4501
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4502	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4503	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4504	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4505	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4506
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4507	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4508	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4509
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4510	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4511	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4512	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4513	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4514	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4515	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4516	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4517
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4518
				4519	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4520	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4521	</div>
				4522
				4523	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4524
				4525	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4526
				4527	<pre class="text">
				4528	bottom-left
				4529	bottom-right
				4530	left-bottom
				4531	left-top
				4532	right-bottom
				4533	right-top
				4534	top-left
				4535	top-right
				4536	undefined
				4537	</pre>
				4538
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4539	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4540	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4541
				4542
				4543	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4544	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4545	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4546	+page
				4547	</h4>
				4548	</div>
				4549
				4550	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4551
				4552	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4553
				4554	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4555
				4556	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4557	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4558	<thead>
				4559	<tr valign="top">
				4560	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4561	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4562	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4563	</tr>
				4564	</thead>
				4565	<tbody>
				4566	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4567	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4568	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4569	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4570	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4571	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4572	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4573	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4574	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4575	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4576	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4577	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4578	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4579	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4580	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4581	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4582	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4583	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4584	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4585	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4586	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4587	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4588	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4589	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4590	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4591	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4592	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4593	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4594	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4595	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4596	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4597	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4598	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4599	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4600	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4601	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4602	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4603	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4604	</tbody>
				4605	</table>
				4606
				4607
				4608
				4609
				4610	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4611
				4612	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4613
				4614	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4615
				4616	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4617
				4618	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4619
				4620	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4621	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4622	</div>
				4623
				4624	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4625
				4626	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4627
				4628	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4629	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4630
				4631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4632
				4633	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4634	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4635	</div>
				4636
				4637	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4638
				4639	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4640
				4641	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4642	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4643	</div>
				4644
				4645	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4646
				4647	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4648
				4649	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4650	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4651	</div>
				4652
				4653	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4654
				4655	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4656	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4657	</div>
				4658
				4659	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4660
				4661	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4662	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4663	</div>
				4664
				4665	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4666
				4667	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4668
				4669	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4670	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4671	</div>
				4672
				4673	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4674
				4675	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4676	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4677	</div>
				4678
				4679	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4680
				4681	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4682	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4683	</div>
				4684
				4685	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4686
				4687	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4688
				4689	<pre class="text">
				4690	Rotate
				4691	Shear
				4692	Roll
				4693	Hue
				4694	Saturation
				4695	Brightness
				4696	Gamma
				4697	Spiff
				4698	Dull
				4699	Grayscale
				4700	Quantize
				4701	Despeckle
				4702	ReduceNoise
				4703	Add Noise
				4704	Sharpen
				4705	Blur
				4706	Threshold
				4707	EdgeDetect
				4708	Spread
				4709	Shade
				4710	Raise
				4711	Segment
				4712	Solarize
				4713	Swirl
				4714	Implode
				4715	Wave
				4716	OilPaint
				4717	CharcoalDrawing
				4718	JPEG
				4719	</pre>
				4720
				4721	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4722
				4723	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4724
				4725	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4726	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4727	</div>
				4728
				4729	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4730
				4731	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4732	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4733	</div>
				4734
				4735	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4736
				4737	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4738
				4739	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4740	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4741	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4742	</div>
				4743
				4744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4745
				4746	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4747
				4748	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4749
				4750	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4751
				4752	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4753
				4754	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4755
				4756	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4757	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4758
				4759	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4760	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4761	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4762	</p>
				4763
				4764	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4765	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4766	</div>
				4767
				4768	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4769
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4770	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4771
				4772	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4773
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4774	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4775
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4776	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4777
				4778	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4779
				4780	<pre class="text">
				4781	0: none
				4782	1: sub
				4783	2: up
				4784	3: average
				4785	4: Paeth
				4786	</pre>
				4787
				4788	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4789
				4790	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4791
				4792	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4793
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4794	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4795
				4796	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4797
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4798	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4799	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4800	</div>
				4801
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4802	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4803
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4804	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4805	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4806	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4807	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4808	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4809
				4810
				4811	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4812	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4813	</div>
				4814
				4815	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4816
				4817	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4818	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4819	</div>
				4820
				4821	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4822
				4823	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4824	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4825
				4826	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4827	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4828	</p>
				4829
				4830
				4831	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4832	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4833	</div>
				4834
				4835	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4836
				4837	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4838	</p>
				4839
				4840	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4841
				4842	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4843	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4844	</div>
				4845
				4846	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4847
				4848	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4849	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4850	</div>
				4851
				4852	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4853
				4854	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4855	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4856	</div>
				4857
				4858	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4859
				4860	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4861	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4862	</div>
				4863
				4864	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4865
				4866	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4867	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4868	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4869
				4870	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4871	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4872	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4873	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4874	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4875
				4876	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4877	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4878	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4879	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4880	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4881	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				4882
				4883	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				4884	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				4885	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				4886	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				4887	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				4888	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				4889
				4890	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4891	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4892	</div>
				4893
				4894	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4895
				4896	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				4897
				4898	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4899
				4900	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4901	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4902	</div>
				4903
				4904	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4905
				4906	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				4907
				4908	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				4909
				4910	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4911	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4912	</div>
				4913
				4914	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4915
				4916	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				4917
				4918	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4919	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4920	</div>
				4921
				4922	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4923
				4924	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				4925	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				4926	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				4927
				4928	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4929
				4930	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				4931	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				4932	animation sequences. </p>
				4933
				4934	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				4935	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				4936	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				4937
				4938	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				4939	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				4940
				4941	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				4942	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				4943
				4944
				4945	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4946	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4947	</div>
				4948
				4949	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4950
				4951	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				4952
				4953	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				4954
				4955	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4956	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4957	</div>
				4958
				4959	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4960
				4961	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				4962
				4963	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				4964
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4965	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				4966
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4967	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4968	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4969	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4970	</div>
				4971
				4972	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4973
				4974	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4975	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4976	</div>
				4977
				4978	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4979
				4980
				4981	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4982	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4983	</div>
				4984
				4985	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4986
				4987	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				4988
				4989
				4990	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	4991	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4992	</div>
				4993
				4994	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4995
				4996	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				4997
				4998	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				4999	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5000
				5001	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5002	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5003
				5004
				5005	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5006	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5007	</div>
				5008
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5009	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5010
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5011	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5012	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5013	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5014
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5015	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5016	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5017	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5018	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5019	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5020
				5021	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5022	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5023
				5024	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5025	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5026
				5027
				5028	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5029	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5030	</div>
				5031
				5032	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5033
				5034	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5035
				5036	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5037	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5038	</div>
				5039
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5040	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5041
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5042	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5043	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5044
				5045	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5046	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5047	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5048	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5049
				5050	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5051	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5052	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5053	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5054	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5055	light conditions. </p>
				5056
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5057
				5058	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5059	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5060	</div>
				5061
				5062	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5063
				5064	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5065
				5066	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5067	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5068	</div>
				5069
				5070	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5071
				5072	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5073
				5074	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5075	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5076	</div>
				5077
				5078	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5079
				5080	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5081	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5082	</div>
				5083
				5084	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5085
				5086	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5087
				5088	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5089
				5090	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5091	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5092
				5093
				5094	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5095	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5096	</div>
				5097
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5098	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5099	<h4>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5100	</div>
				5101
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5102	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5103
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5104	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5105
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5106	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5107	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5108	</div>
				5109
				5110	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5111
				5112	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5113	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5114	</div>
				5115
				5116	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5117
				5118	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5119
				5120	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5121
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5122
				5123
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5124	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5125	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5126	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5127	</div>
				5128
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5129	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5130	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5131
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5132	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5133	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5134	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5135	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5136
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5137	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5138	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5139	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5140	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5141	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5142	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5143
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5144	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5145	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5146	'properity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
				5147	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5148	</p>
				5149
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5150	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5151	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5152	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5153	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5154	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5155
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5156	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5157	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5158	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5159
				5160	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5161	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5162	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5163	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5164
				5165	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5166	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5167	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5168	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5169	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5170	attribute. </p>
				5171
				5172	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5173	For example,</p>
				5174
				5175	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5176	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5177	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5178	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5179
				5180	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5181	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5182	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5183	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5184	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5185	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5186	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5187
				5188	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5189	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5190	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
				5191	'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5192
				5193	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5194	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5195
				5196
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5197
				5198	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5199	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5200	</div>
				5201
				5202	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5203
				5204	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5205
				5206	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5207	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5208	</div>
				5209
				5210	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5211
				5212	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5213	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5214	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5215	</div>
				5216
				5217	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5218
				5219	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5220
				5221	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5222	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5223	</div>
				5224
				5225	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5226
				5227	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5228
				5229	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5230	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5231	</div>
				5232
				5233	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5234
				5235	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5236
				5237	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5238
				5239	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5240	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5241	</div>
				5242
				5243	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5244
				5245	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5246
				5247	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5248
				5249	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5250
				5251	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5252
				5253	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5254	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5255
				5256	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5257	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5258	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5259	</div>
				5260
				5261	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5262
				5263	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5264
				5265	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5266	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5267	</div>
				5268
				5269	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5270
				5271	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5272	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5273	</div>
				5274
				5275	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5276
				5277	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5278
				5279	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5280
				5281	<pre class="text">
				5282	192x128
				5283	384x256
				5284	768x512
				5285	1536x1024
				5286	3072x2048
				5287	</pre>
				5288
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5289	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5290	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5291	</div>
				5292
				5293	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5294
				5295	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5296
				5297	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5298	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5299	</div>
				5300
				5301	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5302
				5303	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5304
				5305	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5306	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5307	</div>
				5308
				5309	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5310
				5311	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5312
				5313	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5314
				5315	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5316	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5317	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5318	</div>
				5319
				5320	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5321
				5322
				5323	<table class="doc">
				5324	<tbody>
				5325	<tr valign="top">
				5326	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5327	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5328	</tr>
				5329
				5330	<tr valign="top">
				5331	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5332	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5333	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5334	</tr>
				5335
				5336	<tr valign="top">
				5337	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5338	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5339	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5340	colors. </td>
				5341	</tr>
				5342
				5343	<tr valign="top">
				5344	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5345	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5346	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5347	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5348	</tr>
				5349
				5350	<tr valign="top">
				5351	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5352	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5353	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5354	</tr>
				5355
				5356	</tbody>
				5357	</table>
				5358
				5359	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5360	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5361	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5362	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5363	</p>
				5364
				5365	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5366	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5367	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5368	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5369	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5370
				5371	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5372	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5373	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5374	default value. </p>
				5375
				5376
				5377	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5378	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5379	</div>
				5380
				5381	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5382
				5383	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5384
				5385	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5386	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5387	</div>
				5388
				5389	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5390
				5391	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5392
				5393	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5394	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5395	</div>
				5396
				5397	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5398
				5399	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5400
				5401	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5402	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5403	</div>
				5404
				5405	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5406
				5407	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5408
				5409	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5410	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5411	</div>
				5412
				5413	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5414
				5415	<pre class="text">
				5416	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5417	double store pixels as doubles
				5418	float store pixels as floats
				5419	integer store pixels as integers
				5420	long store pixels as longs
				5421	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5422	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5423	</pre>
				5424
				5425	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5426	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5427
				5428	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5429	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5430	</div>
				5431
				5432	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5433
				5434	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5435
				5436	<pre class="text">
				5437	Any
				5438	Condensed
				5439	Expanded
				5440	ExtraCondensed
				5441	ExtraExpanded
				5442	Normal
				5443	SemiCondensed
				5444	SemiExpanded
				5445	UltraCondensed
				5446	UltraExpanded
				5447	</pre>
				5448
				5449	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5450
				5451	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5452
				5453	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5454	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5455	</div>
				5456
				5457	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5458
				5459	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5460	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5461	</div>
				5462
				5463	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5464
				5465	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5466
				5467	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5468
				5469	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5470	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5471	</div>
				5472
				5473	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5474
				5475	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5476
				5477	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5478	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5479	</div>
				5480
				5481	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5482
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5483	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5484	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5485	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5486
				5487	<pre class="text">
				5488	Any
				5489	Italic
				5490	Normal
				5491	Oblique
				5492	</pre>
				5493
				5494	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5495
				5496	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5497	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5498	</div>
				5499
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5500	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5501
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5502	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5503	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5504	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5505	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5506
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5507	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5508	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5509	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5510	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5511	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5512	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5513	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5514
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5515	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5516	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5517	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5518
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5519
				5520	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5521	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5522	</div>
				5523
				5524	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5525
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5526	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5527	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5528	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5529
				5530	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5531	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5532	</div>
				5533
				5534	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5535
				5536	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5537
				5538	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5539	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5540	</div>
				5541
				5542	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5543
				5544	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5545	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5546	</div>
				5547
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5548	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5549
				5550	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5551	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5552	</div>
				5553
				5554	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5555
				5556	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5557
				5558	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5559
				5560	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5561	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5562	</div>
				5563
				5564	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5565
				5566	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5567	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5568	</div>
				5569
				5570	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5571	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5572	-->
				5573
				5574	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5575
				5576	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5577
				5578	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5579	</p>
				5580
				5581	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5582
				5583	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5584	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5585
				5586
				5587	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5588	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5589	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5590
				5591	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5592	</p>
				5593
				5594	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5595	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5596	</div>
				5597
				5598	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5599
				5600	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5601
				5602	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5603
				5604	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5605	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5606	</div>
				5607
				5608	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5609
				5610	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5611	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5612	</div>
				5613
				5614	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5615
				5616	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5617
				5618	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5619	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5620	</div>
				5621
				5622	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5623
				5624	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5625	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5626	</div>
				5627
				5628	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5629
				5630	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5631
				5632	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5633
				5634	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5635	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5636	</div>
				5637
				5638	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5639
				5640	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5641
				5642	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5643
				5644	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5645	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5646	</div>
				5647
				5648	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5649
				5650	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5651
				5652	<p>For example,</p>
				5653
				5654	<p class="crtsnip">
				5655	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5656	</p>
				5657
				5658	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5659
				5660
				5661	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5662	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5663	</div>
				5664
				5665	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5666
				5667	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5668
				5669	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5670
				5671	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5672	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5673
				5674
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5675	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5676	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5677	</div>
				5678
				5679	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5680
				5681	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5682	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5683	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5684	given. </p>
				5685
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5686	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5687	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5688
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5689	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5690	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5691	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5692	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5693	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5694	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5695	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5696
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5697	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5698	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5699	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5700
				5701
				5702	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5703	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5704	</div>
				5705
				5706	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5707
				5708	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5709	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5710	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5711	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5712	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5713
				5714	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5715	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5716	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5717	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5718	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5719	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5720	type. </p>
				5721
				5722	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5723
				5724	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5725	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5726	</div>
				5727
				5728	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5729
				5730	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5731	</p>
				5732
				5733	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5734	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5735	</div>
				5736
				5737	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5738
				5739
				5740	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5741	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5742	</div>
				5743
				5744	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5745
				5746	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5747
				5748	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5749
				5750	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5751
				5752	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5753	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5754	</div>
				5755
				5756	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5757
				5758	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5759
				5760	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5761	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5762	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5763	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5764
				5765	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5766	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5767	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5768
				5769
				5770	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5771	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5772	</div>
				5773
				5774	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5775	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5776
				5777	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5778
				5779	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5780	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5781
				5782	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5783
				5784	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5785	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5786	</div>
				5787
				5788	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5789
				5790	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5791
				5792	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5793
				5794
				5795	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5796	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5797	</div>
				5798
				5799	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5800
				5801	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5802
				5803
				5804	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5805	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5806	</div>
				5807
				5808	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5809
				5810
				5811	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5812	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5813	</div>
				5814
				5815	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5816
				5817	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5818
				5819
				5820	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5821	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5822	</div>
				5823
				5824	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5825
				5826	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5827
				5828	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5829
				5830	<pre class="text">
				5831	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5832	pixel (default 0).
				5833	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5834	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5835	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5836	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5837	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5838	</pre>
				5839
				5840
				5841	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5842	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5843	</div>
				5844
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5845	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5846
				5847
				5848	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5849	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5850	</div>
				5851
				5852	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5853
				5854
				5855	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5856	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5857	</div>
				5858
				5859	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5860
				5861
				5862	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5863	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5864	</div>
				5865
				5866	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5867
				5868
				5869	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5870	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5871	</div>
				5872
				5873	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5874
				5875	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				5876	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				5877	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				5878	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				5879
				5880	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				5881
				5882	<pre class="text">
				5883	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				5884	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				5885	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				5886	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				5887	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				5888	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				5889	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				5890	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5891	mirror: mirror tile the image
				5892	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				5893	tile: tile the image (default)
				5894	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				5895	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				5896	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5897	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				5898	</pre>
				5899
				5900	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				5901
				5902	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				5903	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				5904	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				5905	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				5906	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				5907
				5908	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				5909
				5910
				5911	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5912	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5913	</div>
				5914
				5915	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5916
				5917	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				5918
				5919	<pre class="text">
				5920	StaticGray
				5921	GrayScale
				5922	StaticColor
				5923	PseudoColor
				5924	TrueColor
				5925	DirectColor
				5926	default
				5927	visual id
				5928	</pre>
				5929
				5930	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				5931
				5932
				5933	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5934	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5935	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				5936	</div>
				5937
				5938	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				5939	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5940
				5941	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				5942	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				5943	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				5944	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				5945	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				5946
				5947
				5948	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5949	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5950	</div>
				5951
				5952	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5953
				5954	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				5955
				5956	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5957	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5958	</div>
				5959
				5960	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5961
				5962	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				5963
				5964	<table class="doc">
				5965	<col width="25%" />
				5966	<col width="75%" />
				5967	<thead>
				5968	<tr>
				5969	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				5970	<th>Description</th>
				5971	</tr>
				5972	</thead>
				5973	<tbody>
				5974	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				5975	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				5976	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				5977	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				5978	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				5979	</tbody>
				5980	</table>
				5981
				5982	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				5983
				5984	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				5985
				5986	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5987	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5988	</div>
				5989
				5990	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5991
				5992	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	5993	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5994	</div>
				5995
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5996	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5997
				5998	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				5999	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6000
				6001	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	6002	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6003	</div>
				6004
				6005	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6006
				6007	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6008
				6009	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6010
				6011	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6012
				6013	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	6014	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6015	</div>
				6016
				6017	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6018
				6019	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	6020	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6021	</div>
				6022
				6023	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6024	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6025
				6026	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	6027	</div>
				6028	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6029
				6030	</div>
				6031
				6032	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6033	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6034	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6035	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6036	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6037	</span>
				6038	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6039	</div>
				6040	<div class="footer">
cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6041	<span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6042	<span id="footer-east"> <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact the Wizards</a></span>
				6043	</div>
				6044	<div style="clear: both; margin: 0; width: 100%; "></div>
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6045	<script type="text/javascript">
				6046	var _gaq = _gaq \|\| [];
				6047	_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-17690367-1']);
				6048	_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
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				6050	(function() {
				6051	var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
				6052	ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
				6053	var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
				6054	})();
				6055	</script>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6056	</body>
				6057	</html>