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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	11	<title>ImageMagick: Command-line Options</title>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	16	<meta name="Description" content="ImageMagick is a software suite to create, edit, compose, or convert bitmap images in a variety of formats. Use ImageMagick to scale, rotate, shear, distort and transform images."/>
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cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	181	<h1>Create, Edit, or Compose Bitmap Images With These Command-line Options</h1>
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</span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#coalesce">‑coalesce</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorize">‑colorize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colormap">‑colormap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#color-matrix">‑color‑matrix</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colors">‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#colorspace">‑colorspace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#combine">‑combine</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#comment">‑comment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compose">‑compose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#composite">‑composite</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#compress">‑compress</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast">‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">‑contrast‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#crop">‑crop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#cycle">‑cycle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#debug">‑debug</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#decipher">‑decipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deconstruct">‑deconstruct</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#define">‑define</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delay">‑delay</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#delete">‑delete</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#density">‑density</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#depth">‑depth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#descend">‑descend</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#deskew">‑deskew</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#despeckle">‑despeckle</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#direction">‑direction</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#displace">‑displace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#display">‑display</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dispose">‑dispose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissimilarity-threshold">‑dissimilarity‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dissolve">‑dissolve</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#distort">‑distort</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#dither">‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#draw">‑draw</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#edge">‑edge</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#emboss">‑emboss</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encipher">‑encipher</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#encoding">‑encoding</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#endian">‑endian</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#enhance">‑enhance</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#equalize">‑equalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate">‑evaluate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">‑evaluate‑sequence</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extent">‑extent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#extract">‑extract</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#family">‑family</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#features">‑features</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fft">‑fft</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fill">‑fill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#filter">‑filter</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flatten">‑flatten</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flip">‑flip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#floodfill">‑floodfill</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#flop">‑flop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#font">‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#foreground">‑foreground</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format">‑format</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#format_identify_">‑format[identify]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame">‑frame</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#frame_import_">‑frame[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#function">‑function</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">‑fuzz</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fx">‑fx</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gamma">‑gamma</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">‑gaussian‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#geometry">‑geometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#gravity">‑gravity</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#green-primary">‑green‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#hald-clut">‑hald‑clut</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#help">‑help</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#highlight-color">‑highlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconGeometry">‑iconGeometry</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#iconic">‑iconic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#identify">‑identify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ift">‑ift</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#immutable">‑immutable</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#implode">‑implode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#insert">‑insert</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#intent">‑intent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interlace">‑interlace</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interpolate">‑interpolate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interline-spacing">‑interline‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#interword-spacing">‑interword‑spacing</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#kerning">‑kerning</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#label">‑label</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lat">‑lat</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#layers">‑layers</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level">‑level</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#level-colors">‑level‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linear-stretch">‑linear‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#linewidth">‑linewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#liquid-rescale">‑liquid‑rescale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#list">‑list</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#log">‑log</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#loop">‑loop</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#lowlight-color">‑lowlight‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#magnify">‑magnify</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map">‑map</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#map_stream_">‑map[stream]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mask">‑mask</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mattecolor">‑mattecolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#median">‑median</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#metric">‑metric</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mode">‑mode</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#modulate">‑modulate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monitor">‑monitor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#monochrome">‑monochrome</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morph">‑morph</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#morphology">‑morphology</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#mosaic">‑mosaic</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#motion-blur">‑motion‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#name">‑name</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#negate">‑negate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#noise">‑noise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#normalize">‑normalize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#opaque">‑opaque</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">‑ordered‑dither</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#orient">‑orient</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#page">‑page</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#paint">‑paint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#path">‑path</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_animate_">‑pause[animate]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pause_import_">‑pause[import]</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pen">‑pen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#ping">‑ping</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#pointsize">‑pointsize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#polaroid">‑polaroid</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#posterize">‑posterize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#precision">‑precision</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#preview">‑preview</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#print">‑print</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#process">‑process</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#profile">‑profile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quality">‑quality</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quantize">‑quantize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#quiet">‑quiet</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#radial-blur">‑radial‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#raise">‑raise</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#random-threshold">‑random‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#red-primary">‑red‑primary</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#regard-warnings">‑regard‑warnings</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#region">‑region</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remap">‑remap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#remote">‑remote</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#render">‑render</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#repage">‑repage</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resample">‑resample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#resize">‑resize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#respect-parentheses">‑respect‑parentheses</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#reverse">‑reverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#roll">‑roll</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#rotate">‑rotate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sample">‑sample</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">‑sampling‑factor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scale">‑scale</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#scene">‑scene</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#screen">‑screen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#seed">‑seed</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#segment">‑segment</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#selective-blur">‑selective‑blur</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#separate">‑separate</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sepia-tone">‑sepia‑tone</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#set">‑set</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shade">‑shade</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shadow">‑shadow</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> <span class='bull'> • </span> <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> ] </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	184
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	185	<div class="doc-section">
				186
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	187	<p>Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a
				188	href="../www/command-line-tools.html">command-line
				189	tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the
				190	option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	191	otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands <a href="../www/convert.html">convert</a>, <a href="../www/mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	192
				193	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	194	<h4><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	195	</div>
				196
				197	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	198	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				199
				200	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	201	<h4><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	202	</div>
				203
				204	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				205
				206	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a> option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				207
				208	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	209	<h4><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>[x<em class="arg">sigma</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	210	</div>
				211
				212	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				213
				214	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<em class="arg">sigma</em>) is used. If <em class="arg">sigma</em> is not given it defaults to 1.</p>
				215
				216	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	217	<h4><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	218	</div>
				219
				220	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join images into a single multi-image file.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				221
				222	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all
				223	images of an image sequence into the given output file.
				224	However, some formats, such as JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one
				225	image per file, and in that case ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As
				226	such, if more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is
				227	modified by adding a <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number before the
				228	suffix, in order to make distinct names for each image. </p>
				229
				230	<p>Use <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written
				231	to separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images
				232	per file (for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				233
				234	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will automagically enable <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify where the <a href="#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These strings, such as '<kbd>%d</kbd>' or '<kbd>%03d</kbd>', are familiar to those who have used the standard <kbd>printf()</kbd>' C-library function. As an example, the command</p>
				235
				236	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg</span></p>
				237	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images named my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg, my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg.
				238	</p>
				239
				240	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will use
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	241	multiple files if either<br />
				242	(1) the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,<br />
				243	(2) the <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or<br />
				244	(3) a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output filename. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	245
				246
				247	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	248	<h4><a id="affine"></a>-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	249	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em></h4>
				250	</div>
				251
				252	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				253
				254	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, encoded as (<em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">r<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>), for use by subsequent <a href="#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="#transform">-transform</a> options.</p>
				255
				256	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values <i>with no spaces</i>. </p>
				257
				258	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the original image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				259
				260	<div class="eqn">
				261	<img alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/>
				262	</div>
				263
				264	<p>
				265	The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that contains the transformed source image. The parameters <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the image area are cut off.</p>
				266
				267	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate system: positive <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> directions are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				268
				269	<p> If the translation coefficients <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omotted they default to 0,0. Therefore, four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				270
				271	<p>Scaling by the factors <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em> in the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				272
				273	<p class="crtsnip">
				274	-affine <em class="arg">s<sub>x</sub></em>,0,0,<em class="arg">s<sub>y</sub></em>
				275	</p>
				276
				277	<p>Translation by a displacement (<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>, <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				278
				279	<p class="crtsnip">
				280	-affine 1,0,0,1,<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>,<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em>
				281	</p>
				282
				283	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle <em>a</em> by letting
				284	<em>c</em> = cos(<em>a</em>), <em>s</em> = sin(<em>a</em>), and using the following.</p>
				285
				286	<p class="crtsnip">
				287	-affine <em>c</em>,<em>s</em>,-<em>s</em>,<em>c</em>
				288	</p>
				289
				290	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices of the individual transformations.</p>
				291
				292	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				293
				294	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	295	<h4><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	296	</div>
				297
				298	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				299
				300	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				301	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <em class="arg">type</em> from the list below.</p>
				302
				303
				304	<table class="doc">
				305	<tbody>
				306	<tr valign="top">
				307	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">type</th>
				308	<th align="left">Description</th>
				309	</tr>
				310
				311	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	312	<td valign="top"><kbd>Activate</kbd> or <kbd>On</kbd></td>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	313	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	314	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally <kbd>Set</kbd>
				315	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				316	preserve existing (but specifically turned <kbd>Off</kbd>) transparency
				317	channel. </td></tr>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	318
				319	<tr valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	320	<td valign="top"><kbd>Deactivate</kbd> or <kbd>Off</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	321	<td valign="top">
				322	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	323	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	324
				325	<tr valign="top">
				326	<td valign="top"><kbd>Set</kbd></td>
				327	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	328	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				329	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				330	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	331
				332	<tr valign="top">
				333	<td valign="top"><kbd>Opaque</kbd></td>
				334	<td valign="top">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	335	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				336	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	337
				338	<tr valign="top">
				339	<td valign="top"><kbd>Transparent</kbd></td>
				340	<td valign="top">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	341	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	342	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				343	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				344	intact, but fully transparent. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	345
				346	<tr valign="top">
				347	<td valign="top"><kbd>Extract</kbd></td>
				348	<td valign="top">
				349	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	350	'<kbd>Off</kbd>' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
				351	a gray-scale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
				352	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of '<kbd>Copy</kbd>'.
				353	</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	354
				355	<tr valign="top">
				356	<td valign="top"><kbd>Copy</kbd></td>
				357	<td valign="top">
				358	Turns '<kbd>On</kbd>' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	359	gray-scale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				360	a gray-scale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
				361	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	362
				363	<tr valign="top">
				364	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shape</kbd></td>
				365	<td valign="top">
				366	As per '<kbd>Copy</kbd>' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	367	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				368	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	369	</td></tr>
				370
				371	<tr valign="top">
				372	<td valign="top"><kbd>Background</kbd></td>
				373	<td valign="top">
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	374	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				375	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				376	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				377	and thus can compress better.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	378	</td></tr>
				379	</tbody>
				380	</table>
				381
				382	<p>Note that while the <a href="#matte" >+matte</a> operation is the same as
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	383	"<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</kbd>", the <a href="#matte"
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	384	>-matte</a> operation is the same as "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a>
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	385	Set</kbd>" and not "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	386
				387
				388	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	389	<h4><a id="annotate"></a>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	390	-annotate <em class="arg">degrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				391	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> <em class="arg">text</em><br />
				392	-annotate <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> {+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em>{+-}<em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> <em class="arg">text</em></h4>
				393	</div>
				394
				395	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				396
				397	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise control over text annotations, use <a href="#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				398
				399
				400	<p>The values <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> and <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> control the shears with respect to the , respectively, applied to the text, while <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are offsets that give the location of the text relative to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
				401
				402	<p>Using <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em> or <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> <em class="arg">degrees</em>x<em class="arg">degrees</em> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <em class="arg">degrees</em> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical convention once it is realized that the positive <em>y</em>–direction is conventionally considered to be <em>downward</em> for images.)</p>
				403
				404	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<em class="arg">x'</em>, <em class="arg">y'</em>) of a pixel at position (<em class="arg">x</em>, <em class="arg">y</em>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				405	<div class="eqn"><img alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></div>
				406
				407	<p>If <em class="arg">t<sub>x</sub></em> and <em class="arg">t<sub>y</sub></em> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this case leads to nice results.</p>
				408
				409	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <em class="arg">text</em> is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file <kbd>mytext.txt</kbd>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				410
				411	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	412	<h4><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	413	</div>
				414
				415	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when
				416	drawing fonts and lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				417
				418	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				419	drawn. Use <a href="#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				420	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				421	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	422	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	423
				424	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	425	<h4><a id="append"></a>-append</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	426	</div>
				427
				428	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Join current images vertically or horizontally.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				429
				430	<p>This option creates a single longer image image, by joining all the current
				431	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="#append">+append</a> to
				432	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				433
				434	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				435	current <a href="#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	436	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	437	href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
				438
				439
				440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	441	<h4><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	442	</div>
				443
				444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				445
				446
				447	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	448	<h4><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <em class="arg">password</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	449	</div>
				450
				451	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decrypt a PDF with a password.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				452
				453	<p>Use this option to supply a <em class="arg">password</em> for decrypting a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				454
				455	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a> and <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				456
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	457
				458
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	459	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	460	<h4><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	461	</div>
				462
				463	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				464
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				466	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
				467	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				468
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	469	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	470
				471	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				472	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	473	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	474	</p>
				475
				476	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	477	'<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine which color
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	478	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="#channel"
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	479	>-channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', channels are modified
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	480	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				481
				482
				483
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	484	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	485	<h4><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	486	</div>
				487
				488	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically adjust color levels of image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				489
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	491	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	492	href="#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
				493	values. </p>
				494
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	495	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	496	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
				497	for the <a href="#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
				498	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				499	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				500	defined images. </p>
				501
				502	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				503	href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="#linear-stretch"
				504	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				505	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="#auto-level"
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	506	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	507
				508	<p>It uses the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	509	special '<em>sync</em>' flag for channel syncronization), to determine
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	510	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	511	href="#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<em>RGB,sync</em>', the
				512	'<em>sync</em>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	513	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				514	transparency. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	515
				516
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	517	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	518	<h4><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	519	</div>
				520
				521	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Automagically orient (rotate) an image created by a digital camera.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				522
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				524	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				525	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				526
				527	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				528	camara, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				529	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				530	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
				531	result. If the he EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				532	href="#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
				533
				534
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	535	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	536	<h4><a id="average"></a>-average</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	537	</div>
				538
				539	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Average a set of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				540
				541	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				542
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	543
				544	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	545	<h4><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	546	</div>
				547
				548	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display the image centered on a backdrop.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				549
				550	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				551
				552	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	553	<h4><a id="background"></a>-background <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	554	</div>
				555
				556	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the background color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				557
				558	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				559
				560	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	561	<h4><a id="bench"></a>-bench <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	562	</div>
				563
				564	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Measure performance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				565
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	566	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <em class="arg">iterations</em> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance, consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	567
cristy	e637813	2009-10-26 20:05:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	568	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -resize 1000% -bench 5 logo.png</span><span class='crtout'>Performance: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710</span></p>
				569	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 0.875657 iterations per second, using 6.88 seconds of the user's allotted time, for a total elapsed time of 5.71 seconds.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570
				571	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	572	<h4><a id="bias"></a>-bias <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	573	</div>
				574
				575	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add bias when convolving an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				576
				577	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				578
				579	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at zero.</p>
				580
				581	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				582	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				583	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				584
				585	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				586	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				587	</p>
				588
				589	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	590	<h4><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	591	</div>
				592
				593	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use black point compensation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				594
				595	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	596	<h4><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	597	</div>
				598
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	599	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				600
				601	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				602	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	603
				604
				605	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<h4><a id="blend"></a>-blend <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	607	</div>
				608
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	609	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	610
				611	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				612	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				613	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				614	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	615	<kbd>-blend 30%</kbd> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				616	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <kbd>-blend 30x70%</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	617
				618
				619	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	620	<h4><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	621	</div>
				622
				623	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				624
				625	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	626	<h4><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	627	</div>
				628
				629	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				630
				631	<div style="margin: auto;">
				632
				633	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	634	<h4><a id="blur"></a>-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	635	</div>
				636
				637	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				638
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	639	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				640	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	641
				642	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				643	</div>
				644
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	645	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	646	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	647
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	648	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	649	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	650	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	651	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				652	</p>
				653
				654	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				655	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				656	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				657	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				658	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
				659
				660	<p>This option differs from <a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				661	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				662	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				663	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	664
				665	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				666	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				667	</p>
				668
				669
				670	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	671	<h4>-blur <em class="arg">Width</em>[x<em class="arg">Height</em>[+<em class="arg">Angle</em>]]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	672	</div>
				673
				674	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Variably blur and image according to the overlay mapping.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				675
				676	<p>Each pixel in the overlaid region is replaced with an Elliptical Weighted
				677	Average (EWA) of the source image, scaled according to the grayscale
				678	mapping. </p>
				679
				680	<p>The ellipse is weighted with sigma set to the given <em class="arg"
				681	>Width</em> and <em class="arg" >Height</em>. The <em class="arg" >Height</em>
				682	defaults to the <em class="arg" >Width</em> for a normal circular Guassian
				683	weighting. The <em class="arg" >Angle</em> will rotate the ellipse from
				684	horizontal clock-wise. </p>
				685
				686	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				687	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				688	</p>
				689
				690
				691	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	692	<h4><a id="border"></a>-border <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	693	</div>
				694
				695	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border of color. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				696
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	697	<p>Set the width and height using the <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the
				698	<em class="arg">gravity</em> argument. See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				699	ignored. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	700
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	701	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				702	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	703
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	704	<p>The <a href="#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				705	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
				706	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
				707	size colors by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				708	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				709	with the default compose method of '<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	710	be replaced by the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	711	<p>See also the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				712	functionality.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	713
				714	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	715	<h4><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	716	</div>
				717
				718	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				719
				720	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				721
				722	<p>The default border color is <kbd>#DFDFDF</kbd>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				723
				724	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	725	<h4><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <em class="arg">geometry</em> </h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	726	</div>
				727
				728	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the border width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				729
				730	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	731	<h4><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em><br />-brightness-contrast <em class="arg">brightness</em>{x<em class="arg">contrast</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	732	</div>
				733
				734	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				735
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	736	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				737	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				738	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				739	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				740	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				741	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	742
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	743	<p>You may also use <a href="#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				744	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				745	transformation to all channels.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	746
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	747	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				748	linear transform and applied
				749	using <a href="#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	750
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	751	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				752	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				753	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				754	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				755	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	756
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	757	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				758	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	759
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	760	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				761	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				762	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				763	totally black.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	764
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	765	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				766	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	767
				768	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	769	<h4><a id="cache"></a>-cache <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	770	</div>
				771
				772	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>(This option has been replaced by the <a href='#limit'>-limit</a> option.)</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				773
				774	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	775	<h4><a id="caption"></a>-caption <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	776	</div>
				777
				778	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a caption to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				779
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	780	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				781	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				782	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> caption</kbd>". </p>
				783
				784	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				785	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	786	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	787	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				788
				789	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				790	class="arg">@</em>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				791	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				792	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				793
				794	<p>Caption meta-data ais not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				795	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				796	instead.</p>
				797
				798	<p>For example,</p>
				799
				800	<p class="crtsnip">
				801	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				802	</p>
				803
				804	<p>produces an image caption of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				805	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				806	480.</p>
				807
				808
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	809	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	810	<h4><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	811	</div>
				812
				813	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color correct with a color decision list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				814
				815	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				816
				817	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	818	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				819	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				820	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				821	<SOPNode>
				822	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				823	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				824	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				825	</SOPNode>
				826	<SATNode>
				827	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				828	</SATNode>
				829	</ColorCorrection>
				830	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	831	</pre>
				832
				833	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	834	<h4><a id="channel"></a>-channel <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	835	</div>
				836
				837	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				838
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	839	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Red</kbd>, <kbd>Green</kbd>, <kbd>Blue</kbd>,
				840	<kbd>Alpha</kbd>, <kbd>Cyan</kbd>, <kbd>Magenta</kbd>, <kbd>Yellow</kbd>,
				841	<kbd>Black</kbd>, <kbd>Opacity</kbd>, <kbd>Index</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>,
				842	<kbd>RGBA</kbd>, <kbd>CMYK</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYKA</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	843
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	844	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	845	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<kbd>R</kbd>', '<kbd>G</kbd>',
				846	'<kbd>B</kbd>', '<kbd>A</kbd>', '<kbd>O</kbd>', '<kbd>C</kbd>',
				847	'<kbd>M</kbd>', '<kbd>Y</kbd>', '<kbd>K</kbd>'.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	848
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	849	For example, to only select the <kbd>Red</kbd> and <kbd>Blue</kbd> channels
				850	you can either use </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	851	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	852	-channel Red,Blue
				853	</p>
				854	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				855	<p class="crtsnip">
				856	-channel RB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	857	</p>
				858
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	859	<p>All the channels that is present in an image can be specified using the
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	860	special channel type <kbd>All</kbd>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				861	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				862	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				863
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	864	<br />
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	865
				866	<p>On top of the normal channel selection a extra flag can be specified,
				867	'<kbd>Sync</kbd>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	868	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				869	syncronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				870	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				871	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	872	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	873
				874	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	875	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	876	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	877	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	878	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	879
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	880	<p>The <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a> '<kbd>Convolve</kbd>' method
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	881	and the <a href="#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				882	the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag to modify the behaviour of pixel colors according
				883	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				884	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				885	contribute to the final result. </p>
				886
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	887	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in syncronous, and
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	888	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				889	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<kbd>Sync</kbd>' flag.
				890	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				891	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				892	</p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	893
				894	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="#list">-list
				895	channel</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	896
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	897	<br />
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	898
				899	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="#channel">-channel</a> to the value
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	900	'<kbd>RGBK,sync</kbd>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				901	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				902	to be modified in exactly the same way, with a understanding of transprancy
				903	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				904	href="#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	905
				906	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				907	include the following.
				908
				909	<a href="#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				910	<a href="#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	911	<a href="#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				912	<a href="#blur">-blur</a>,
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	913	<a href="#clamp">-clamp</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	914	<a href="#clut">-clut</a>,
				915	<a href="#combine">-combine</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	916	<a href="#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				917	<a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	918	<a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				919	<a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				920	<a href="#function">-function</a>,
				921	<a href="#fx">-fx</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	922	<a href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	923	<a href="#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	924	<a href="#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	925	<a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	926	<a href="#negate">-negate</a>,
				927	<a href="#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				928	<a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				929	<a href="#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				930	<a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	931	<a href="#separate">-separate</a>,
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	932	<a href="#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	933	<a href="#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				934	</p>
				935
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	936	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="#channel"
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	937	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	938	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	939	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				940	flag. </p>
				941
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	942	<p>For example <a href="#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default gray-scale
				943	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting
				944	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	945
				946	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				947	href="#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				948	color channels if the '<kbd>alpha</kbd>' channel is also enabled by <a
				949	href="#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
				950	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				951	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	952	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="#morphology">-morphology</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	953	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	954	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	955
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	956	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	957	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	958	alpha channel present, and the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				959	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				960	href="#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	961
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	962
				963	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	964	<h4><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h4>
cristy	b4c03bb	2009-09-27 13:55:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	965	</div>
				966
				967	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Restrict image colors from 0 to the quantum depth.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				968
				969	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	970	<h4><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	971	</div>
				972
				973	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Simulate a charcoal drawing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				974
				975	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	976	<h4><a id="chop"></a>-chop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	977	</div>
				978
				979	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				980
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	981	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">width</em>
				982	and <em class="arg">height</em> given in the of the <em class="arg">size</em>
				983	portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the number of
				984	columns and rows to remove. The <em class="arg">offset</em> portion of
				985	the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument is influenced by
				986	a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	987
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	988	<p>The <a href="#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				989	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	990
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	991	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more typically
				992	used with as <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and a '<kbd>+0+0</kbd>' offset
				993	so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a href="#shave"
				994	>-shave</a> whcih removes equal numbers of pixels from oppisite sides of the image.
				995	</p>
				996
				997	<p>Using <a href="#chop">-chop</a> will effectivally undo the results of a
				998	<a href="#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <em class="arg">geometry</em>
				999	and <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
				1000
				1001
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1002	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1003	<h4><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1004	</div>
				1005
				1006	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply the clipping path if one is present.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1007
				1008	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1009
				1010	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1011
				1012	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif</span></p>
				1013	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1014
				1015	<p>The <a href="#clip">-clip</a> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1016
				1017	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1018	<h4><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1019	</div>
				1020
				1021	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip the image as defined by this mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1022
				1023	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1024	<h4><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1025	</div>
				1026
				1027	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Clip along a named path from the 8BImageMagick profile.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1028
				1029	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1030	<h4><a id="clone"></a>-clone <em class="arg">index(s)</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1031	</div>
				1032
				1033	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make a copy of an image (or images).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1034
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1035	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1036	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1037	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1038	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1039
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1040	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1041	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1042	example, <kbd>−1</kbd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1043	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1044	dash (e.g. <kbd>0−4</kbd>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1045	spaces (e.g. <kbd>0,2,5</kbd>). A value of '<kbd>0−−1</kbd> will
				1046	effectivally clone all the images. </p>
				1047
				1048	<p>The <a href="#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1049	in the image sequence, and is thus equivelent to using a argument of
				1050	'<kbd>−1</kbd>'. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1051
				1052	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1053	<h4><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1054	</div>
				1055
				1056	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Replace the channel values in the first image using each
				1057	corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor
				1058	<b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1059
				1060	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1061	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1062	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1063	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1064	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1065
				1066	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1067	href="#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
				1068	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1069	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<kbd>bilinear</kbd>' and
				1070	'<kbd>bicubic</kbd>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1071	gradients, and the '<kbd>integer</kbd>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1072	lookup of color values. </p>
				1073
				1074	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1075	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1076
				1077	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				1078	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1079	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means that
				1080	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1081	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1082	set, it is treated by the <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
				1083	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1084	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1085
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1086	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1087	transparency (i.e. <a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1088	href="#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1089	assumed that image represents a gray-scale gradient which is used for the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1090	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a gray-scale CLUT image to
				1091	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a gray-scale image
				1092	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1093	</p>
				1094
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1095	<p>See also <a href="#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
				1096	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1097	of a 3D color cube. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1098
				1099
				1100	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1101	<h4><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1102	</div>
				1103
				1104	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1105
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1106	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1107	its <a href="#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1108	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1109	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1110	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1111	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1112	images. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1113
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1114	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1115	the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>optimize</kbd>', although
				1116	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1117	better than the original. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1118
				1119
				1120	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1121	<h4><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122	</div>
				1123
				1124	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colorize the image by an amount specified by <em class="arg">value</em> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1125
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1126	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1127	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1128	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1129	values (e.g., <kbd>-colorize 0,0,50</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1130
				1131	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1132	<h4><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1133	</div>
				1134
				1135	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the colormap type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1136
				1137	<p>The <em class="arg">type</em> can be <kbd>shared</kbd> or <kbd>private</kbd>.</p>
				1138
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1139	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1140	is <kbd>PseudoColor</kbd> or <kbd>GrayScale</kbd>. Refer
				1141	to <a href="#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1142	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1143	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1144	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1145	If <kbd>private</kbd> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1146	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <em>technicolor</em>
				1147	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1148
				1149	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1150	<h4><a id="colors"></a>-colors <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1151	</div>
				1152
				1153	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1154
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1155	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1156	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1157	unique colors than specified by <em class="arg">value</em> will have any
				1158	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1159	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1160	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1161	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
				1162	the <a href="../www/quantize.html">
				1163	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164
				1165	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1166	<h4><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <em class="arg">matrix</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1167	</div>
				1168
				1169	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply color correction to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1170
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1172	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1173	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1174	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1175	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1176	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1177
				1178	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1179
				1180	<pre class="text">
				1181	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1182	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1183	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1184	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1185	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1186	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1187	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1188	</pre>
				1189	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1190	<h4><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1191	</div>
				1192
				1193	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1194
				1195	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1196
				1197	<pre class="text">
				1198	CMY
				1199	CMYK
				1200	Gray
				1201	HSB
				1202	HSL
				1203	HWB
				1204	Lab
				1205	Log
				1206	OHTA
				1207	Rec601Luma
				1208	Rec601YCbCr
				1209	Rec709Luma
				1210	Rec709YCbCr
				1211	RGB
				1212	sRGB
				1213	Transparent
				1214	XYZ
				1215	YCbCr
				1216	YCC
				1217	YIQ
				1218	YPbPr
				1219	YUV
				1220	</pre>
				1221
				1222	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1223
				1224	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option.</p>
				1225
				1226	<table class="doc">
				1227	<caption>Conversion Of RGB To Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1228	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1229	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−R</td></tr>
				1230	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−G</td></tr>
				1231	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−B</td></tr>
				1232	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1233	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(C−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">M=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(M−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1236	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>*(Y−K)/(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>−K)</td></tr>
				1237
				1238	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1239	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1240
				1241	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1242	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1243	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1244	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1245
				1246	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1247	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1249	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1250
				1251	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1252	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1254	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1255
				1256	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1257	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1259	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1260
				1261	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1262	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1264	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1265
				1266	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1267	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1269	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1270
				1271	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1272	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray = 0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B</td></tr>
				1273
				1274	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1275	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1276	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1277	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1278
				1279	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1280	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Gray=0.21260R+0.71520G+0.07220*B</td></tr>
				1281
				1282	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1283	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.212600R+0.715200G+0.072200*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1284	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1285	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1286
				1287	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1288	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Rs ≤ .03928 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=((R+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Gs ≤ .03928 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=((G+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1290	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">if Bs ≤ .03928 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=((B+.055)/1.055)^2.4</td></tr>
				1291
				1292	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1293	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">X=0.4124240R+0.3575790G+0.1804640*B</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.2126560R+0.7151580G+0.0721856*B</td></tr>
				1295	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Z=0.0193324R+0.1191930G+0.9504440*B</td></tr>
				1296
				1297	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1298	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=(0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling); <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C1=(−0.29900R−0.58700G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1300	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.58700G−0.11400*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1301
				1302	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1303	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1305	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1306
				1307	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1308	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1311
				1312	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1313	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.299000R+0.587000G+0.114000*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1316
				1317	<tr><th align="left" valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1318	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">Y=0.29900R+0.58700G+0.11400*B; <em>intensity-like</em></td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320	<tr><td align="left" valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1321	</table>
				1322
				1323	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1324	<h4><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1325	</div>
				1326
				1327	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Combine one or more images into a single image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1328
				1329	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="#channel">-channel</a>) of the combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <kbd>RGB</kbd>, this means the first image is assigned to the <kbd>Red</kbd> channel, the second to the <kbd>Green</kbd> channel, the third to the <kbd>Blue</kbd>.</p>
				1330
				1331	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a href="#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same. Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the original.
				1332	</p>
				1333
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1334	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \ <br/> -combine imagecopy.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1335	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1336	<h4><a id="comment"></a>-comment <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1337	</div>
				1338
				1339	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Embed a comment in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1340
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1341	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1342	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1343	"<kbd><a href="#set">-set</a> comment</kbd>". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1344
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1345	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1346	href="../www/escape.html">Format and
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1347	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1348	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1349
				1350	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				1351	class="arg">@</em>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1352	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1353	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1354
				1355	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1356	<a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="#draw">-draw</a> options
				1357	instead.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1358
				1359	<p>For example,</p>
				1360
				1361	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1362	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1363	</p>
				1364
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1365	<p>produces an image comment of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> (assuming
				1366	that the image <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1367	480.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1368
				1369	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1370	<h4><a id="compose"></a>-compose <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1371	</div>
				1372
				1373	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the type of image composition.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1374
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1375	<p>See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				1376	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1377
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1378	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1379	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1380	<a href="#composite">-composite</a>,
				1381	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1382	<a href="#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1383	<a href="#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1384	<a href="#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1385	<a href="#border">-border</a>,
				1386	<a href="#frame">-frame</a>,
				1387	and <a href="#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1388
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1389	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<kbd>composite</kbd>"
				1390	command. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1391
				1392
				1393	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1394	<h4><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1395	</div>
				1396
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1397	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1398
				1399	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1400	according to the current <a href="#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
				1401	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
				1402	href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>, and <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a>
				1403	settings. </p>
				1404
				1405	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a gray-scale 'mask' image
				1406	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask will limit what parts of
				1407	the destination can be modified by the image composition. However for the
				1408	'<kbd>displace</kbd>' compose method, the mask is used to provide a separate
				1409	Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1410
				1411	<p>If a <a href="#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
				1412	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1413	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:args</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1414	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1415
				1416	<p>Some <a href="#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
				1417	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1418	href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd class="arg">option:compose:outside-overlay</kbd>'
				1419	to '<kbd>false</kbd>'. </p>
				1420
				1421
				1422	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1423	<h4><a id="compress"></a>-compress <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1424	</div>
				1425
				1426	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use pixel compression specified by <em class="arg">type</em> when writing the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1427
				1428	<p>Choices are: <kbd class="arg">None</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">BZip</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Fax</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Group4</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">JPEG2000</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">Lossless</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">LZW</kbd>, <kbd class="arg">RLE</kbd> or <kbd class="arg">Zip</kbd>.</p>
				1429
				1430	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="#list">-list compress</a>.</p>
				1431
				1432	<p>Specify <a href="#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</p>
				1433
				1434	<p>If <kbd>LZW</kbd> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1435
				1436	<p><kbd>Lossless</kbd> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally not recommended.</p>
				1437
				1438	<p>Use the <a href="#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling the chroma channels.</p>
				1439
				1440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1441	<h4><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1442	</div>
				1443
				1444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1445
				1446	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use <a href="#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance the image or <a href="#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1447
				1448	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1449
				1450	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png</span></p>
				1451	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1452	<h4><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-contrast-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1453	</div>
				1454
				1455	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1456
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1457	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <em
				1458	class="arg" >black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1459	class="arg" >white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
				1460	<em class="arg" >black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em
				1461	class="arg" >white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1462
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1463	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				1464	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <em class="arg"
				1465	>black-point</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg" >total pixels
				1466	minus white-point</em> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <em
				1467	class="arg">black-point %</em> pixels and white-out at most <em class="arg"
				1468	>100% minus white-point %</em> pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1469
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1470	<p>Note that <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0</kbd> will modify the image such that
				1471	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <em class="QR"
				1472	>QuantumRange</em>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
				1473	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="#normalize"
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1474	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <kbd>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</kbd> (or
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1475	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <kbd>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</kbd>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1476
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1477	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1478	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1479	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1480
				1481	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				1482	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1483	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1484	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1485
				1486	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				1487	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1488
				1489	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1490
				1491
				1492	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1493	<h4><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1494	</div>
				1495
				1496	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1497
cristy	16ff93c	2010-01-13 23:18:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1498	<p>The <em class="arg">kernel</em> is a matrix specified as
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1499	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1500	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1501	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <em
				1502	class="arg">kernel</em> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1503	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1504
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1505	<p>Note that the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
				1506	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1507	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1508	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1509	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1510	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1511	</p>
				1512
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1513	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
				1514	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
				1515	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1516	href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1517	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
				1518	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
				1519	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1520	entry. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1521
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1522
				1523	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1524	<h4><a id="crop"></a>-crop <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1525	</div>
				1526
				1527	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1528
				1529	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1530
				1531	<p>The <em class="arg">width</em> and <em class="arg">height</em> of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument give the size of the image that remains after cropping, and <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> in the <em class="arg">offset</em> (if present) gives the location of the top left corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be removed, use <a href="#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1532
				1533	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper left corner of the image. If the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>, <kbd>South</kbd>, or <kbd>SouthEast</kbd> gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1534
				1535	<p>If the <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1536
				1537	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1538	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1539	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1540	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1541	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1542
				1543	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1544	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1545	missed' warning given. </p>
				1546
cristy	739df91	2009-10-24 16:10:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1547	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the upper-left corner of the visible image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1548
				1549	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1550	<h4><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1551	</div>
				1552
				1553	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image colormap by amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1554
				1555	<p><em class="arg">Amount</em> defines the number of positions each
				1556	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1557
				1558
				1559	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1560	<h4><a id="debug"></a>-debug <em class="arg">events</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1561	</div>
				1562
				1563	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>enable debug printout.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1564
				1565	<p>The <kbd>events</kbd> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It can be either <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>All</kbd>, <kbd>Trace</kbd>, or a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains: <kbd>Annotate</kbd>, <kbd>Blob</kbd>, <kbd>Cache</kbd>, <kbd>Coder</kbd>, <kbd>Configure</kbd>, <kbd>Deprecate</kbd>, <kbd>Exception</kbd>, <kbd>Locale</kbd>, <kbd>Render</kbd>, <kbd>Resource</kbd>, <kbd>Security</kbd>, <kbd>TemporaryFile</kbd>, <kbd>Transform</kbd>, <kbd>X11</kbd>, or <kbd>User</kbd>. </p>
				1566
				1567
				1568	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1569
				1570	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png</span></p>
				1571	<p>The <kbd>User</kbd> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1572
				1573	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="#list">-list debug</a>.</p>
				1574
				1575	<p>Use the <a href="#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging output.</p>
				1576
				1577	<p>Use <a href="#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1578
				1579	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <kbd>MAGICK_DEBUG</kbd> environment variable are the same as for the <a href="#debug">-debug</a> option.</p>
				1580
				1581
				1582	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1583	<h4><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1584	</div>
				1585
				1586	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="#encipher">-encipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1587
				1588	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				1589
				1590	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1591
				1592
				1593	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1594	<h4><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1595	</div>
				1596
				1597	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>find areas that has changed between images </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1598
				1599	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a href="#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image. </p>
				1600
				1601	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1602
				1603	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="#layers">-layers</a> method '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>'. </p>
				1604
				1605
				1606	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1607	<h4><a id="define"></a>-define <em class="arg">key</em>{<em class="arg">=value</em>}<em class="arg">...</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1608	</div>
				1609
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1610	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add specific global settings generally used to control
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1611	coders and image processing operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1612
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1613	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1614	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1615	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
				1616	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1617	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format)
				1618	as "Artifacts". </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1619
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1620	<p>If <em class="arg">value</em> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1621	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1622	options. Use <a href="#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1623	previously created. Use <a href="#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1624	existing definitions.</p>
				1625
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1626	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1627	href="#set" >-set "option:<em class="arg">key</em>" "<em class="arg"
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1628	>value</em>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1629	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1630
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1631	<p>The <em>option</em> and <em>key</em> are case-independent (they are
				1632	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <em>value</em>
				1633	is case-dependent.</p>
				1634
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1635	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and effect all images and operations. </p>
				1636
				1637	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1638	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1639
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1640	<dl>
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1641	<dt>dcm:display-range=reset</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1642	<dd>Set the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1643	DCM image format.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1644
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1645	<dt>dot:layout-engine=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1646	<dd>Set the specify the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1647	<kbd>neato</kbd>).</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1648
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1649	<dt>jpeg:extent=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1650	<dd>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <kbd>-define
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1651	jpeg:extent=400kb</kbd>.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1652
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1653	<dt>jpeg:size=<em class="arg">geometry</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1654	<dd>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for example, -define jpeg:size=128x128.
				1655	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1656	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1657
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1658	<dt>jp2:rate=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1659	<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files. The
				1660	compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The valid
				1661	range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If defined,
				1662	this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting of 75
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	results in a rate value of 0.06641.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1665	<dt>mng:need-cacheoff</dt>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1666	<dd>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1667
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1668	<dt>png:bit-depth=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1669	<dt>png:color-type=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1670	<dd>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				1671	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				1672	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				1673	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				1674	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				1675	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				1676	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				1677	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				1678	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="#depth">-depth</a>,
				1679	<a href="#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="#type">-type</a> directives to
				1680	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				1681	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1682	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1683	8-bit depth.</dd>
				1684
				1685	<dt>png:exclude-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1686	<dt>png:include-chunk=<em class="arg">value</em></dt>
				1687	<dd>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				1688
				1689	<p>The<em class="arg">value</em> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				1690	as <em class="arg">bKGD</em>, a comma-separated list of chunk-types,
				1691	or the word <em class="arg">all</em> or
				1692	the word <em class="arg">none</em>. There must be no spaces in the
				1693	list. Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use
				1694	all lowercase names if you prefer.</p>
				1695
				1696	<p>As a special case, if the <kbd>sRGB</kbd> chunk is excluded and
				1697	the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk is included, the <kbd>gAMA</kbd> chunk will
				1698	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				1699	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				1700	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				1701	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				1702
				1703	<pre class="text">
				1704	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				1705	</pre>
				1706
				1707	<p>The critical PNG chunks <kbd>IHDR</kbd>, <kbd>PLTE</kbd>,
				1708	<kbd>IDAT</kbd>, and <kbd>IEND</kbd> cannot be excluded. Any of
				1709	these entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				1710
				1711	<p>If the ancillary PNG <kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk is excluded and the
				1712	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				1713	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				1714	<kbd>tRNS</kbd> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				1715	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				1716
				1717	<p>The <a href="#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				1718	following for PNG output:</p>
				1719
				1720	<pre class="text">
				1721	-define png:include-chunk=none,gama
				1722	</pre>
				1723
				1724	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				1725	plus ImageMagick's private <kbd>vpAg</kbd> ("virtual page") chunk.</p>
				1726	</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1727
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1728	<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1729	<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will create
				1730	Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript imagemask
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1731	operator instead of the image operator.</dd>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1732
cristy	045bd90	2010-01-30 18:56:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1733	<dt>quantum:format=<em class="arg">type</em></dt>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1734	<dd>Set the type to <kbd>floating-point</kbd> to specify a floating-point
				1735	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				1736	to preserve negative values. If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1737	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				1738	If <a href="#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1739	double precision floating point format.</dd>
				1740
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1741	</dl>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1742
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1743	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				1744	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1745
				1746	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1747	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				1748	<kbd>registry:</kbd>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				1749	use:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1750
				1751	<p class="crtsnip">
				1752	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				1753	</p>
				1754
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1755
				1756
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1757	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1758	<h4><a id="delay"></a>-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em> <br />-delay <em class="arg">ticks</em>x<em class="arg">ticks-per-second</em> {<em class="arg"><</em>} {<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1759	</div>
				1760
				1761	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display the next image after pausing.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1762
				1763	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences <em>ticks/ticks-per-second</em> seconds must expire before the display of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				1764
				1765	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to change the image delay <em>only</em> if its current value exceeds the given delay. <kbd><</kbd> changes the image delay <em>only</em> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if you specify <kbd>30></kbd> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the <kbd><</kbd> or <kbd>></kbd> from being interpreted by your shell as a file redirection.</p>
				1766
				1767
				1768	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1769	<h4><a id="delete"></a>-delete <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1770	</div>
				1771
				1772	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>delete the image, specified by its index, from the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1773
				1774	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use <kbd>+delete</kbd> to delete the last image in the current image sequence.</p>
				1775
				1776
				1777	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1778	<h4><a id="density"></a>-density <em class="arg">width</em><br />-density <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1779	</div>
				1780
				1781	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1782
				1783	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a href="#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter instead.</p>
				1784
				1785	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				1786
				1787	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				1788
				1789	<p>The <a href="#density">-density</a> option sets an <em>attribute</em> and does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution, use the <a href="#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				1790
				1791	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1792	<h4><a id="depth"></a>-depth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1793	</div>
				1794
				1795	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>depth of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1796
				1797	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				1798
				1799	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1800	<h4><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1801	</div>
				1802
				1803	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1804
				1805	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1806	<h4><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1807	</div>
				1808
				1809	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1810
				1811	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> <kbd>option:deskew:auto-crop <em>width</em></kbd> to auto crop the image. The set argument is the pixel width of the image background (e.g 40).</p>
				1812
				1813	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1814	<h4><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1815	</div>
				1816
				1817	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the speckles within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1818
				1819	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1820	<h4><a id="direction"></a>-direction <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1821	</div>
				1822
				1823	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1824
				1825	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1826	<h4><a id="displace"></a>-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em><br />-displace <em class="arg">horizontal-scale</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-scale</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1827	</div>
				1828
				1829	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1830
				1831	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1832	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1833	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				1834	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				1835	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				1836	behind it. </p>
				1837
				1838	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				1839	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				1840	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				1841	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				1842
				1843	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				1844	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				1845	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				1846	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				1847	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				1848	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				1849	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				1850
				1851	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				1852	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1853	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1854	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1855	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1856	into the overlay area. </p>
				1857
				1858	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				1859	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				1860	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				1861	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				1862
				1863	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				1864	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1865	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1866	specify a third image which is normally used as a <em class="arg">mask</em>,
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1867	the <em class="arg">composite image</em> is used for horizontal X
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1868	displacement, while the <em class="arg">mask image</em> is used for vertical Y
				1869	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				1870	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				1871	the <em class="arg">scale</em> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1872	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				1873	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1874
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1875	<p>Alteratively rather than suppling two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1876	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				1877	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				1878	</p>
				1879
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1880	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1881	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				1882	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				1883
				1884
				1885	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1886	<h4><a id="display"></a>-display <em class="arg">host:display[.screen]</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1887	</div>
				1888
				1889	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies the X server to contact.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1890
				1891	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em class="arg">X(1)</em>.</p>
				1892
				1893	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1894	<h4><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1895	</div>
				1896
				1897	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1898
				1899	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				1900	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				1901	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				1902	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				1903
				1904	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				1905
				1906	<pre class="text">
				1907	Undefined 0 No disposal specified (equivalent to '<kbd>none</kbd>').
				1908	None 1 Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.
				1909	Background 2 Clear the frame area with the background color.
				1910	Previous 3 Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.
				1911	</pre>
				1912
				1913	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				1914	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				1915
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1916	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1917
				1918	<p>Use <a href="#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
				1919	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				1920
				1921	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>dispose</kbd>' method to set the image
				1922	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				1923
				1924	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1925	<h4><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1926	</div>
				1927
				1928	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1929
				1930
				1931	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1932	<h4><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <em class="arg">src_percent</em>[x<em class="arg">dst_percent</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1933	</div>
				1934
				1935	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				1936
				1937	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				1938	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <em class="arg">src_percent</em>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1939	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1940	transparent at a value of '<kbd class="arg">200</kbd>'. If both percentages
				1941	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				1942
				1943	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				1944	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				1945	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				1946
				1947	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1948	<h4><a id="distort"></a>-distort <em class="arg">method arguments</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1949	</div>
				1950
				1951	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>distort an image, using the given <em class="arg">method</em> and its required <em class="arg">arguments</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				1952
				1953	<p>The <em class="arg">arguments</em> is a single string containing a list
				1954	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				1955	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <em
				1956	class="arg">method</em> being used. </p>
				1957
				1958	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				1959
				1960	<table class="doc">
				1961	<tr valign="top">
				1962	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				1963	<th align="left">Description</th>
				1964	</tr>
				1965
				1966	<tr valign="top">
				1967	<td valign="top"><kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>
				1968	<br/>or   <kbd>SRT</kbd></td>
				1969	<td valign="top">
				1970	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				1971	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				1972	is an alternative method of specifying a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' type of
				1973	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				1974	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
				1975	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
				1976
				1977	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
				1978	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
				1979
				1980	<table style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
				1981	<tr><td>#  </td><td>arguments meaning</td></tr>
				1982	<tr><td>1:</td><td><em>Angle_of_Rotation</em></td></tr>
				1983	<tr><td>2:</td><td><em>Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1984	<tr><td>3:</td><td><em>X,Y     Angle</em></td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1985	<tr><td>4:</td><td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1986	<tr><td>5:</td>
				1987	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle</em></td></tr>
				1988	<tr><td>6:</td>
				1989	<td><em>X,Y   Scale   Angle   NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1990	<tr><td>7:</td>
				1991	<td><em>X,Y   ScaleX,ScaleY   Angle
				1992	NewX,NewY</em></td></tr>
				1993	</table>
				1994
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1995	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1996	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' or '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' distortion. </td> </tr>
				1997
				1998	<tr valign="top">
				1999	<td valign="top"><kbd>Affine</kbd></td>
				2000	<td valign="top">
				2001	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2002	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2003	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2004	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2005	also the related '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>'
				2006	distortions. <br/>
				2007
				2008	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2009	squares fitted to best match a lineary affine distortion. If only 2
				2010	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2011	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2012	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2013	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
				2014	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
				2015
				2016	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2017	</td>
				2018
				2019	</tr>
				2020
				2021	<tr valign="top">
				2022	<td valign="top"><kbd>AffineProjection</kbd></td>
				2023	<td valign="top">
				2024	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2025	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2026	the source image to the destination image.
				2027
				2028	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2029	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2030	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2031	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2032	</em></div>
				2033
				2034	See <a href="#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2035	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
				2036
				2037	The distortions '<kbd>Affine</kbd>' and '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' provide
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2038	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2039	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
				2040	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2041	href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other varients. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2042
				2043	</tr>
				2044
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2045	<tr valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2046	<td valign="top"><kbd>BilinearForward</kbd><br/>
				2047	<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd></td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2048	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2049	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2050	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2051	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
				2052	consistent. <br/>
				2053
				2054	The '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' is used to map rectangles to any
				2055	quadrilateral, while the '<kbd>BilinearReverse</kbd>' form maps any
				2056	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straigth line edges
				2057	in each case. <br/>
				2058
				2059	Note that '<kbd>BilinearForward</kbd>' can generate invalid pixels
				2060	which will be colored using the <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
				2061	color setting. Also if the quadraterial becomes 'flipped' the image
				2062	may dissappear. <br/>
				2063
				2064	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2065	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2066	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2067
				2068	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2069	</tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2070
				2071	<tr valign="top">
				2072	<td valign="top"><kbd>Perspective</kbd></td>
				2073	<td valign="top">
				2074	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2075	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2076	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2077	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panarama
				2078	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a '<kbd>Affine</kbd>'
				2079	linear distortion. <br/>
				2080
				2081	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2082	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2083	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
				2084	<a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
				2085	</tr>
				2086
				2087	<tr valign="top">
				2088	<td valign="top"><kbd>PerspectiveProjection</kbd>  </td>
				2089	<td valign="top">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2090	Do a '<kbd>Perspective</kbd>' distortion biased on a set of 8
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2091	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
				2092	at the <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
				2093	'<kbd>Prespective</kbd>' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2094	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2095	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2096
				2097	</tr>
				2098
				2099	<tr valign="top">
				2100	<td valign="top"><kbd>Arc</kbd></td>
				2101	<td valign="top">
				2102	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2103	a circle. <br/>
				2104	<table width="90%" style = "margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				2105	<tr valign="top"><td>Argument</td>
				2106	<td>Meaning</td></tr>
				2107	<tr valign="top"><td><em>arc_angle</em></td>
				2108	<td>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</td></tr>
				2109	<tr valign="top"><td><em>rotate_angle</em></td>
				2110	<td>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</td></tr>
				2111	<tr valign="top"><td><em>top_radius</em></td>
				2112	<td>Set top edge of source image at this radius</td></tr>
				2113	<tr valign="top"><td><em>bottom_radius</em> </td>
				2114	<td>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</td></tr>
				2115	</table>
				2116
				2117	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
				2118	(as if using <a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
				2119	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2120	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
				2121	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
				2122
				2123	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2124	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2125	conversion. </td>
				2126	</tr>
				2127
				2128	<tr valign="top">
				2129	<td valign="top"><kbd>Polar</kbd></td>
				2130	<td valign="top">
				2131	Like '<kbd>Arc</kbd>' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2132	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2133	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
				2134	angle limits. <br/>
				2135
				2136	Arguments: <em>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</em> <br/>
				2137
				2138	All arguments are optional. With <em>Rmin</em> defaulting to zero, the
				2139	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2140	to +180 (top). If <em>Rmax</em> is given the special value of
				2141	'<code>0</code>', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2142	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2143	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2144	'<code>-1</code>' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2145	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2146	but will generate the exact reverse of a '<kbd>DePolar</kbd>' with
				2147	the same arguments. <br/>
				2148
				2149	If the plus form of distort (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
				2150	output image center will default to <code>0,0</code> of the virtual
				2151	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2152	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2153
				2154	</tr>
				2155
				2156	<tr valign="top">
				2157	<td valign="top"><kbd>DePolar</kbd></td>
				2158	<td valign="top">
				2159	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' distortion
				2160	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
				2161
				2162	The special <em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>0</code>' may however clip
				2163	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2164	<em>Rmax</em> setting of '<code>-1</code>' (maximum center to corner
				2165	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2166	generated result, so that the same argument to '<kbd>Polar</kbd>' will
				2167	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2168
				2169	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2170	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2171	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2172	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2173	a high quality result. </td>
				2174
				2175	</tr>
				2176
				2177	<tr valign="top">
				2178	<td valign="top"><kbd>Barrel</kbd></td>
				2179	<td valign="top">
				2180	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2181	href="http://www.all-in-one.ee/~dersch/barrel/barrel.html" >Helmut
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2182	Dersch</a>, perform a barrell or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2183	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
				2184	lines straight again. <br/>
				2185
				2186	Arguments: <em>A   B   C</em>   [ <em>D</em>   [
				2187	<em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] ] <br/>
				2188	or <em>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2189	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></em>
				2190	[ <em>X</em> , <em>Y</em> ] <br/>
				2191	So that it forms the function <br/>
				2192	Rsrc = r * ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2193	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2194
				2195	Where <em>X</em>,<em>Y</em> is the optional center of the distortion
				2196	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
				2197	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
				2198	correct lens distortions. <br/>
				2199	</td>
				2200
				2201	</tr>
				2202
				2203	<tr valign="top">
				2204	<td valign="top"><kbd>BarrelInverse</kbd></td>
				2205	<td valign="top">
				2206	This is very simular to '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>' with the same set of
				2207	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2208	of the radial polynomial,
				2209	so that it forms the function <br/>
				2210	Rsrc = r / ( <em>A</em>r<sup>3</sup> + <em>B</em>r<sup>2</sup> +
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2211	<em>C</em>*r + <em>D</em> )<br/>
				2212	Note that this is not the reverse of the '<kbd>Barrel</kbd>'
				2213	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2214
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2215	</td>
				2216	</tr>
				2217
				2218	<tr valign="top">
				2219	<td valign="top"><kbd>Shepards</kbd></td>
				2220	<td valign="top">
				2221	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
				2222	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2223	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
				2224	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				2225	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				2226	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				2227	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				2228	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
				2229	their movement. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2230
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2231	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				2232	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
				2233	position, distorting te surface of the jelly. <br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2234
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2235	Internally it is equivelent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				2236	href="#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				2237	the <a href="#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
				2238
				2239	</td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2240	</tr>
				2241
				2242	</table>
				2243
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2244	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="#list">-list
				2245	distort</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2246
				2247	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<kbd>Affine</kbd>',
				2248	'<kbd>Perspective</kbd>', and '<kbd>Shepards</kbd>' use a list control points
				2249	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				2250	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				2251	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				2252	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				2253	<div style="text-align: center"><em>
				2254	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				2255	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				2256	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				2257	...
				2258	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				2259	</em></div>
				2260	<p>where <em>U,V</em> on the source image is mapped to <em>X,Y</em> on the
				2261	destination image. </p>
				2262
				2263	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion,
				2264	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				2265	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				2266	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				2267	understand.</p>
				2268
				2269	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2270	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \<br/>
				2271	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \<br/>
				2272	rose_3d_rotated.gif</span></p>
				2273	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				2274	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				2275	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				2276	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				2277	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usally a linear
				2278	'<kbd>Affine</kbd>' distortion). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2279
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2280	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2281	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				2282	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				2283	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2284
				2285	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to the <a
				2286	href="#interpolate" >-interpolate</a> color lookup setting, when the image is
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2287	magnified. However if the viewed image is minified (image becomes smaller),
				2288	a special area resampling function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9), is used to
				2289	produce a higher quality image. For example you can use
				2290	a '<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion to view a infinitely tiled 'plane' all
				2291	the way to the horizon. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2292
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2293	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>
				2294	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \<br/>
				2295	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \<br/>
				2296	checks_tiled.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2297	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				2298	be very slow to generate due to the use of the high quality 'area resampling'
				2299	function (added ImageMagick v6.3.5-9). You can turn off 'area resampling'
				2300	using a <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting of '<kbd>point</kbd>'
				2301	(recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead). </p>
				2302
				2303	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
				2304	'<kbd>perspective</kbd>' distortion example, <a href="#distort" >-distort</a>
				2305	will use the current <a href="#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these
				2306	pixels. If you do not what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match
				2307	the rest of the ground. </p>
				2308
				2309	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				2310	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2311	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
				2312	the plus form of the operator (<a href="#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
				2313	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				2314	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
				2315	may need to be removed using <a href="#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
				2316	is unwanted. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2317
				2318	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a>
				2319	option:distort:viewport {geometry_string}</kbd>" setting which will specify
				2320	the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the distorted
				2321	image space.</p>
				2322
				2323	<p>Adding a "<kbd><a href="#set" >-set</a> option:distort:scale
				2324	{scale_factor}</kbd>" will scale the output image (viewport or otherwise) by
				2325	that factor without changing the viewed contents of the distorted image. This
				2326	can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for a higher quality result,
				2327	or for panning and zooming around the image (with appropriate viewport
				2328	changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				2329
				2330	<p>Setting <a href="#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				2331	href="#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				2332	and the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
				2333	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				2334
				2335	<p>Affine rotations and shears (such as '<kbd>SRT</kbd>' distortion), tend to
				2336	produce a cleaner result that the equivalent <a href="#rotate" >-rotate</a>
				2337	and/or <a href="#shear" >-shear</a> operation, with more control of due to the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2338	above settings. It is algorithmically slower however, though that may not be
				2339	the case in ImageMagick's implementation. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2340
				2341
				2342	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2343	<h4><a id="dither"></a>-dither <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2344	</div>
				2345
				2346	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2347
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2348	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2349
				2350	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				2351	setting, <a href="#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				2352	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				2353	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				2354	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				2355	color gradients. </p>
				2356
				2357	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				2358	href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a href="#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such as <kbd>GIF:</kbd>, <kbd>XBM:</kbd>, and others, so dithering may also be used in these cases. </p>
				2359
				2360	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a> to generate purely random dither. Or use <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				2361
				2362
				2363	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2364	<h4><a id="draw"></a>-draw <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2365	</div>
				2366
				2367	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2368
				2369	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel operations.</p>
				2370
				2371	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				2372
				2373	<pre class="text">
				2374	point x,y
				2375	line x0,y0 x1,y1
				2376	rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2377	roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
				2378	arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
				2379	ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
				2380	circle x0,y0 x1,y1
				2381	polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2382	polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2383	bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
				2384	path path specification
				2385	image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
				2386	</pre>
				2387
				2388	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				2389
				2390	<pre class="text">
				2391	text x0,y0 string
				2392	</pre>
				2393	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				2394
				2395	<pre class="text">
				2396	gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
				2397	East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
				2398	</pre>
				2399
				2400	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in scope to the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				2401
				2402	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				2403
				2404	<pre class="text">
				2405	rotate degrees
				2406	translate dx,dy
				2407	scale sx,sy
				2408	skewX degrees
				2409	skewY degrees
				2410	</pre>
				2411
				2412	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				2413
				2414	<pre class="text">
				2415	color x0,y0 method
				2416	matte x0,y0 method
				2417	</pre>
				2418
				2419	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a href="#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a href="#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
				2420
				2421	<p>A <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is specified by a single <em>point</em> in the pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates, <em>x</em>,<em>y</em>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <kbd>point</kbd> primitive is not affected by <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a href="#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
				2422
				2423	<p>A <kbd>line</kbd> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				2424
				2425	<p>A <kbd>rectangle</kbd> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				2426
				2427	<p>A <kbd>roundRectangle</kbd> primitive takes the same corner points as a <kbd>rectangle</kbd> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners to be removed.</p>
				2428
				2429	<p>The <kbd>circle</kbd> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled). Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				2430
				2431	<p>The <kbd>arc</kbd> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in to a given rectangle. An <kbd>arc</kbd> requires the two corners used for <kbd>rectangle</kbd> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				2432
				2433	<p>Use <kbd>ellipse</kbd> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <em>semi-axes</em> of the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</p>
				2434
				2435	<p>The <kbd>polyline</kbd> and <kbd>polygon</kbd> primitives require three or more points to define their perimeters. A <kbd>polyline</kbd> is simply a <kbd>polygon</kbd> in which the final point is not stroked to the start point. When unfilled, this is a <em>polygonal line</em>. If the <a href="#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <kbd>none</kbd> (the default), then a <kbd>polyline</kbd> is identical to a <kbd>polygon</kbd>.
				2436	</p>
				2437
				2438	<p>A <em>coordinate</em> is a pair of integers separated by a space or optional comma. </p>
				2439
				2440	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:</p>
				2441
				2442	<p class="crtsnip">
				2443	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				2444	</p>
				2445
				2446	<p>The <kbd>Bezier</kbd> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the <em>knots</em> and these points are attained by the curve, while any intermediate coordinates are <em>control points</em>. If two control points are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order to
				2447	draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the <kbd>path</kbd> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				2448
				2449	<p class="crtsnip">
				2450	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				2451	</p>
				2452	<p class="crtsnip">
				2453	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				2454	</p>
				2455
				2456
				2457	<p>A <kbd>path</kbd> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as <em>donut holes</em> in objects. (See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
				2458
				2459	<p>Use <kbd>image</kbd> to composite an image with another image. Follow the image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and filename:</p>
				2460
				2461	<p class="crtsnip">
				2462	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				2463	</p>
				2464
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2465	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				2466	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
				2467	dimensions. See <a href="../www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
				2468	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2469
				2470	<p>Use <kbd>text</kbd> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in single or double quotes.</p>
				2471
				2472	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <kbd>Works like magick!</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd>. </p>
				2473
				2474	<p class="crtsnip">
				2475	-draw 'text 100,100 "Works like magick!"'
				2476	</p>
				2477
				2478	<p>See the <a href="#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way to annotate an image with text.</p>
				2479
				2480	<p>The <kbd>rotate</kbd> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a href="#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the region.</p>
				2481
				2482	<p>The <kbd>translate</kbd> primitive translates subsequent shape and text primitives.</p>
				2483
				2484	<p>The <kbd>scale</kbd> primitive scales them.</p>
				2485
				2486	<p>The <kbd>skewX</kbd> and <kbd>skewY</kbd> primitives skew them with respect to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				2487
				2488	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the appearance of another <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option. If another <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from the initial affine
				2489	matrix.</p>
				2490
				2491	<p>Use the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see <a href="#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with a method:</p>
				2492
				2493	<pre class="text">
				2494	point
				2495	replace
				2496	floodfill
				2497	filltoborder
				2498	reset
				2499	</pre>
				2500
				2501	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The <kbd>point</kbd> method recolors the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <kbd>reset</kbd> recolors all pixels.</p>
				2502
				2503	<p>Use <kbd>matte</kbd> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <kbd>color</kbd> primitive for a description of methods). The <kbd>point</kbd> method changes the matte value of the target pixel. The <kbd>replace</kbd> method changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <kbd>Floodfill</kbd> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <kbd>filltoborder</kbd> changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <kbd>reset</kbd> changes the matte value of all pixels.</p>
				2504
				2505	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a href="#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="#font">-font</a>, and <a href="#box">-box</a> respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use these options <em>before</em> the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				2506
				2507	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather than 1.png).</p>
				2508
				2509	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="../www/magick-vector-graphics.html">Magick Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				2510
				2511
				2512	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2513	<h4><a id="edge"></a>-edge <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2514	</div>
				2515
				2516	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect edges within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2517
				2518	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2519	<h4><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2520	</div>
				2521
				2522	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>emboss an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2523
				2524	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2525	<h4><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2526	</div>
				2527
				2528	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="#decipher">-decipher</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2529
				2530	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <em class="arg">filename</em>.</p>
				2531
				2532	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				2533
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2534
				2535
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2536	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2537	<h4><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2538	</div>
				2539
				2540	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the text encoding.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2541
				2542	<p>Choose from <kbd>AdobeCustom</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeExpert</kbd>, <kbd>AdobeStandard</kbd>, <kbd>AppleRoman</kbd>, <kbd>BIG5</kbd>, <kbd>GB2312</kbd>, <kbd>Latin 2</kbd>, <kbd>None</kbd>, <kbd>SJIScode</kbd>, <kbd>Symbol</kbd>, <kbd>Unicode</kbd>, <kbd>Wansung</kbd>.</p>
				2543
				2544	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2545	<h4><a id="endian"></a>-endian <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2546	</div>
				2547
				2548	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify endianness (<kbd>MSB</kbd> or <kbd>LSB</kbd>) of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2549
				2550	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				2551
				2552	<p>Use <a href="#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				2553
				2554
				2555	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2556	<h4><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2557	</div>
				2558
				2559	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2560
				2561
				2562	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2563	<h4><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2564	</div>
				2565
				2566	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2567
				2568	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				2569
				2570	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <kbd>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2571
				2572	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal components transformation that puts most of the information in the first channel. Here we have ... <kbd>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize -colorspace RGB</kbd> ...</p>
				2573
				2574	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2575	<h4><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <em class="arg">operator value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2576	</div>
				2577
				2578	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2579
				2580	<p>(See the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator for some multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				2581
				2582	<p>The behaviors of each <em class="arg">operator</em> are summarized in the following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum (installation-dependent) value <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. (If normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.)</p>
				2583
				2584	<table class="doc">
				2585	<col width="25%" />
				2586	<col width="75%" />
				2587	<thead>
				2588	<tr>
				2589	<th><em class="arg">operator</em></th>
				2590	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				2591	</tr>
				2592	</thead>
				2593	<tbody>
				2594
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2595	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2596	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels. </td></tr>
				2597	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <em class="arg">value</em> to pixels modulo <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</td></tr>
				2598	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2599	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2600	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2601	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				2602	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2603	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2604	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				2605	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Clip pixels at lower bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2606	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <em class="arg">value</em> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
cristy	61365ad	2010-11-28 02:38:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2607	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2608	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Clip pixels at upper bound <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2609	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2610	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2611	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2612	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <em class="arg">value</em> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><em class="arg">value</em></sup>).</td></tr>
				2613	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2614	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <em class="arg">value</em> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				2615	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> from pixels.</td></tr>
				2616	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <em class="arg">value.</em></td></tr>
				2617
				2618	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2619
				2620	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td></tr>
				2621	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td></tr>
				2622	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td></tr>
				2623	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
				2624	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td></tr>
				2625	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td></tr>
				2626
				2627	<tr><td> </td></tr>
				2628
				2629	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2630	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <em class="arg">value</em>.</td></tr>
				2631	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <em class="arg">value</em>. </td></tr>
				2632	</tbody>
				2633	</table>
				2634
				2635	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				2636	href="#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
				2637	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <em
				2638	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				2639	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				2640	<kbd>Divide</kbd> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				2641	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<kbd>%</kbd>' to specify a value
				2642	as a percentage of the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
				2643
				2644	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				2645	<a href="#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				2646
				2647	<p>The results of the <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Subtract</kbd> and
				2648	<kbd>Multiply</kbd> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				2649	href="#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="#level" >+level</a> operator, with
				2650	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
				2651	Please note, however, that <a href="#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				2652	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
				2653	'alpha' values.</p>
				2654
				2655	<p><kbd>AddModulus</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides addition modulo the <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>. It is therefore equivalent to <kbd>Add</kbd> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. </p>
				2656
cristy	ce66ab1	2010-10-21 23:36:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2657	<p><kbd>Exp or Exponential</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and works on normalized pixel values. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Exp</kbd> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and thus outside the interval [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>]. The formula is expressed below. </p>
				2658
				2659	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2660	exp(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b>)
				2661	</div>
				2662
				2663	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a
				2664	href="#-function" >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be the result.</p>
				2665
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2666	<p><kbd>Log</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on normalized pixel values. This a <em>scaled</em> log function. The <em class="arg">value</em> used with <kbd>Log</kbd> provides a <em>scaling factor</em> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The formula applied to a normalized value <b><em>u</em></b> is below. </p>
				2667
				2668	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2669	log(<em class="arg">value</em> × <b><em>u</em></b> + 1) / log(<em class="arg">value</em> + 1)
				2670	</div>
				2671
				2672	<p><kbd>Pow</kbd> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
				2673	normalized pixel values. Note that <kbd>Pow</kbd> is related to the <a
				2674	href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
				2675	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
				2676	with <a href="#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
				2677	with <kbd>Pow</kbd>.</p>
				2678
				2679	<p><kbd>Cosine</kbd> and <kbd>Sine</kbd> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				2680	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				2681	The synonyms <kbd>Cos</kbd> and <kbd>Sin</kbd> may also be used. The output
				2682	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				2683	range. The <em class="arg">value</em> scaling of the <em>period</em> of the
				2684	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				2685	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <em
				2686	class="arg">value</em> is 1, the effective period is simply the <em
				2687	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>; but if the <em class="arg">value</em> is 2,
				2688	then the effective period is the <em>half</em> the <em
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2689	class="QR">QuantumRange</em>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2690
				2691	<div style="text-align:center;">
				2692	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><em>u</em></b> × <em class="arg">value</em>).
				2693	</div>
				2694
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2695	<p>See also the <a href="#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
				2696	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2697
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2698	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2699	<h4><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <em class="arg">operator</em></h4>
cristy	63fed27	2010-03-07 19:08:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2700	</div>
				2701
				2702	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression over a sequence of images.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2703
				2704	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2705	<h4><a id="extent"></a>-extent <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2706	</div>
				2707
				2708	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the image size and offset.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2709
cristy	3e2860c	2010-01-24 01:36:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2710	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color. To position the image, use offsets in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> specification or precede with a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="#compose" >-compose</a>.</p>
cristy	549177c	2010-11-11 13:51:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2711	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				2712	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				2713	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				2714
				2715	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \ <br /> -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg</span></p>
				2716
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2717
				2718	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2719
				2720	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2721	<h4><a id="extract"></a>-extract <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2722	</div>
				2723
				2724	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Extract the specified area from image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2725
				2726	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				2727
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2728	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p><p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2729
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2730	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \ <br/> image.rgb image.png</span></p>
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2731	<p>the image is <em>resized</em> to the specified dimensions instead,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2732	equivalent to:</p>
				2733
				2734	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png</span></p>
				2735	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				2736
				2737	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2738	<h4><a id="family"></a>-family <em class="arg">fontFamily</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2739	</div>
				2740
				2741	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font family for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2742
				2743	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font (e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g., "Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found).
				2744	</p>
				2745
				2746	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>.
				2747	</p>
				2748
				2749	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2750	<h4><a id="features"></a>-features <em class="arg">distance</em></h4>
cristy	7396d88	2010-01-27 02:37:56 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2751	</div>
				2752
				2753	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>display features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2754
				2755	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2756	<h4><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2757	</div>
				2758
				2759	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2760
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2761	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal (spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2762
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2763	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated into a two-component image representation. The first component is the magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex number. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2764
				2765	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF, PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				2766
				2767	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff</span></p>
				2768	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[0]</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image.miff[1]</kbd>. Similarly,</p>
				2769
				2770	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png</span></p>
				2771	<p>generates a magnitude image as <kbd>fft_image-0.png</kbd> and a phase image as <kbd>fft_image-1.png</kbd>. If you prefer this representation, then you can force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a href="#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
				2772
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2773	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2774
				2775	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>], so that HDRI need not be enabled. Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick, the phase image is scaled to span the full dynamic range. The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				2776
				2777	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \ <br />
				2778	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png</span></p>
				2779	<p>where the <a href="#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 is used to scale the image to full dynamic range, first. The argument to the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				2780
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2781	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2782
				2783	<p>Use <a href="#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				2784
				2785	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values, this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must use either MIFF, TIF or PFM formats for the real and imaginary component results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part.</p>
				2786
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2787	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a href="#fft">+fft</a> is also square, even dimensioned images due to the same padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component images.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2788
				2789	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page
				2790	<a href="/www/high-dynamic-range.html">High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a> entry.
				2791	</p>
				2792
				2793
				2794	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2795	<h4><a id="fill"></a>-fill <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2796	</div>
				2797
				2798	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2799
				2800	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="../www/color.html">Color Names</a> for a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				2801
				2802	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				2803
				2804	<p>For example,</p>
				2805
				2806	<p class="crtsnip">
				2807	-fill blue
				2808	</p>
				2809	<p class="crtsnip">
				2810	-fill "#ddddff"
				2811	</p>
				2812	<p class="crtsnip">
				2813	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				2814	</p>
				2815
				2816	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				2817
				2818	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				2819
				2820	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2821	<h4><a id="filter"></a>-filter <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2822	</div>
				2823
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2824	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Use this <em class="arg">type</em> of filter when resizing or
				2825	distorting an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2826
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2827	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
				2828	operations such as <a href="#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="#distort"
				2829	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2830
				2831	<pre class="text">
				2832	Point Hermite Cubic
				2833	Box Gaussian Catrom
				2834	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				2835	</pre>
				2836
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2837	<p>The <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and <kbd>Sinc</kbd> filter is also provided (as well
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2838	as a faster <kbd>SincFast</kbd> equivalent form). However these filters are
				2839	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				2840	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				2841	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2842
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2843	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2844	function that the <a href="#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
				2845	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				2846	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2847
				2848	<pre class="text">
				2849	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				2850	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				2851	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				2852	</pre>
				2853
				2854	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				2855	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				2856	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				2857
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2858	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				2859	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> for a colormapped image, a image with a matte channel, or
				2860	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				2861	<kbd>Lanczos</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2862
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2863	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="#list">-list
				2864	filter</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2865
				2866	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2867	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="#define" >-define</a> and <a
				2868	href="#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2869
				2870	<dl class="doc">
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2871	<dt>-define filter:blur=<em>factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2872	<dd>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2873	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				2874	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				2875	results. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2876
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2877	<dt>-define filter:support=<em>radius</em></dt>
				2878	<dd>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				2879	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				2880	filters have a default 'prefered' support size. Some filters like
				2881	<kbd>Lagrange</kbd> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				2882	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				2883	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				2884	</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2885
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2886	<dt>-define filter:lobes=<em>count</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2887	<dd>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2888	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				2889	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				2890	image distorts.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2891
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2892	<dt>-define filter:b=<em>b-spline_factor</em></dt>
				2893	<dt>-define filter:c=<em>keys_alpha_factor</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2894	<dd>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <kbd>Cubic</kbd>,
				2895	<kbd>Catrom</kbd>, <kbd>Mitchel</kbd>, and <kbd>Hermite</kbd>, as well as
				2896	the <kbd>Parzen</kbd> Sinc windowing function. If only one of the values
				2897	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Keys' type cubic
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2898	filter. Values meaning was defined by a research paper by
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2899	Mitchell-Netravali.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2900
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2901	<dt>-define filter:filter=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2902	<dd>Use this function directly as the scaling filter. This will allow
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2903	you to directly use a windowing filter such as <kbd>Blackman</kbd>,
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2904	rather than as its normal usage as a windowing function for 'Sinc' or
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2905	'Bessel' functions. If defined, no windowing function is used, unless the
				2906	following expert setting is also defined.</dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2907
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2908	<dt>-define filter:window=<em>filter_function</em></dt>
				2909	<dd>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <kbd>Bessel</kbd> and
				2910	<kbd>Sinc</kbd> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				2911	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				2912	function that is not normally used as a windowing function, such as
				2913	<kbd>Box</kbd>, (which effectively turns off the windowing function),
				2914	to window a <kbd>Sinc</kbd>, or the function the previous setting defined.
				2915	</dd>
				2916
				2917	<dt>-define filter:verbose=<em>1</em></dt>
				2918	<dd>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				2919	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				2920	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				2921	easily graphed. </dd>
				2922
				2923	<dd>Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other
				2924	filters. The <kbd>Lanczos</kbd> filter for example is defined in terms of
				2925	a <kbd>SincFast</kbd> windowed <kbd>SincFast</kbd> filter, while
				2926	<kbd>Mitchell</kbd> is defined as a <kbd>Cubic</kbd> filter with specific
				2927	'B' and 'C' settings. </dd>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2928
				2929	</dl>
				2930
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2931	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe Bessel windowed Bessel filter:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2932
				2933	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -filter bessel \ <br/>
				2934	-set filter:window=bessel -set filter:lobes=8 \ <br/>
				2935	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2936	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				2937
				2938	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set filter:filter=sinc -set filter:lobes=4 \ <br/>
				2939	-resize 150% image.jpg</span></p>
				2940	<p>Note that the use of expert options (except for 'blur' with simple resize
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2941	filters, and 'verbose' for viewing the internal filter selection), are
				2942	provided for image processing experts who have studied and understood how
				2943	resize filters work. Without this knowledge, and an understanding of the
				2944	definition of the actual filters involved, using expert settings are more
				2945	likely to be detrimental to your image resizing.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2946
				2947
				2948	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2949	<h4><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2950	</div>
				2951
				2952	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>This is a simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2953
				2954
				2955	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2956	<h4><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2957	</div>
				2958
				2959	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2960
				2961	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</p>
				2962
				2963	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2964	<h4><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2965	</div>
				2966
				2967	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>floodfill the image with color at the specified offset. Using <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> to floodfill pixels which only change by a small amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2968
				2969	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2970	<h4><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2971	</div>
				2972
				2973	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>create a <em>mirror image</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2974
				2975	<p>reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</p>
				2976
				2977
				2978	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2979	<h4><a id="font"></a>-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2980	</div>
				2981
				2982	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2983
				2984	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="#list">-list font</a> option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				2985
				2986	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				2987	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <kbd>Arial.ttf</kbd>
				2988	is a TrueType font file, <kbd>ps:helvetica</kbd> is PostScript font, and
				2989	<kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is X11 font.</p>
				2990
				2991	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				2992
				2993
				2994	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2995	<h4><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2996	</div>
				2997
				2998	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Define the foreground color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				2999
				3000	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				3001
				3002	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				3003
				3004	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3005	<h4><a id="format"></a>-format <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3006	</div>
				3007
				3008	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image format type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3009
				3010	<p>When used with the <kbd>mogrify</kbd> utility, this option converts any image to the image <a href="/www/formats.html">format</a> you specify. For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a href="#list">-list format</a>.</p>
				3011
				3012	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with the image format type specified with <a href="#format">-format</a>. For example, if you specify <em class="arg">tiff</em> as the format type and the input image filename is <em class="arg">image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes <em class="arg">image.tiff</em>.</p>
				3013
				3014	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3015	<h4><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3016	</div>
				3017
				3018	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>output formatted image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/identify.html">identify</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3019
				3020	<p>See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this option.</p>
				3021
				3022	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3023	<h4><a id="frame"></a>-frame <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3024	</div>
				3025
				3026	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3027
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3028	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="#mattecolor"
				3029	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3030
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3031	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em
				3032	class="arg">geometry</em> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				3033	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				3034	in the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument, then the border added is
				3035	a solid color. Offsets <em>x</em> and <em>y</em>, if present, specify that
				3036	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				3037	thickness <em>x</em> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				3038	<em>y</em> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				3039	</p>
				3040
				3041	<p>The <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				3042	href="#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3043	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' composition method. It generates a image of the appropriate
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3044	size with the current <a href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
				3045	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
				3046	href="#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
				3047	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
				3048	'<kbd>Over</kbd>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				3049	href="#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				3050
				3051	<p>The image composition is not
				3052	affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3053
				3054
				3055	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3056	<h4><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3057	</div>
				3058
				3059	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>include the X window frame in the imported image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				3060
				3061	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3062	<h4><a id="function"></a>-function <em class="arg">function</em> <em class="arg">parameters</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3063	</div>
				3064
				3065	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a function to channel values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3066
				3067	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify each of the color values for each previously set <a href="#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the calculations are handled.</p>
				3068
				3069	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				3070
				3071	<p>Here, <em class="arg">parameters</em> is a comma-separated list of numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <em class="arg">function</em> is selected. Choose the <em class="arg">function</em> from:</p>
				3072
				3073	<pre class="text">
				3074	Polynomial
				3075	Sinusoid
				3076	Arcsin
				3077	Arctan
				3078	</pre>
				3079
				3080	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="#function">-function</a> operators, use <a href="#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				3081
				3082	<dl class="doc">
				3083	<dt><kbd>Polynomial</kbd></dt>
				3084	<dd>
				3085	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters, these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree. That is, entering</p>
				3086
				3087	<div style="text-align: center">
				3088	-function Polynomial <em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub>,<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub>,...<em>a</em><sub>1</sub>,<em>a</em><sub>0</sub>
				3089	</div>
				3090
				3091	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				3092
				3093	<div style="text-align: center">
				3094	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em></sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em></sup> +
				3095	<em>a</em><sub><em>n</em>-1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b><sup><em>n</em>-1</sup> +
				3096	··· <em>a</em><sub>1</sub> <b><em>u</em></b> + <em>a</em><sub>0</sub>,
				3097	</div>
				3098
				3099	<p>where <b><em>u</em></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				3100
				3101	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function can be used in place of <kbd>Set</kbd> (the <em>constant</em> polynomial) and <kbd>Add</kbd>, <kbd>Divide</kbd>, <kbd>Multiply</kbd>, and <kbd>Subtract</kbd> (some <em>linear</em> polynomials) of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a href="#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some correspondences follow.</p>
				3102
				3103	<table class="doc">
				3104	<col width="35%" />
				3105	<col width="35%" />
				3106	<col width="30%" />
				3107	<tr>
				3108	<td>-evaluate Set <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3109	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3110	<td>(Constant functions; set <em class="arg">value</em>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				3111	</tr>
				3112	<tr>
				3113	<td>-evaluate Add <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3114	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3115	</tr>
				3116	<tr>
				3117	<td>-evaluate Subtract <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3118	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<em class="arg">value</em></td>
				3119	</tr>
				3120	<tr>
				3121	<td>-evaluate Multiply <em class="arg">value</em> </td>
				3122	<td>-function Polynomial <em class="arg">value</em>,0</td>
				3123	</tr>
				3124	<tr>
				3125	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				3126	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				3127	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				3128	</tr>
				3129	</table>
				3130
				3131	<p>The <kbd>Polynomial</kbd> function gives great versatility, since polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy desired.</p>
				3132	</dd>
				3133
				3134	<dt><kbd>Sinusoid</kbd></dt>
				3135	<dd>
				3136	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function can be used to vary the channel values sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				3137
				3138	<div style="text-align: center">
				3139	-function <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> <em class="arg">freq</em>,[<em class="arg">phase</em>,[<em class="arg">amp</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
				3140	</div>
				3141
				3142	<p>where <em>phase</em> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function corresponds to 0 through <em class="arg">freq</em>×360 degrees.) The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally <b><em>u</em></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				3143
				3144	<div style="text-align: center">
				3145	<em class="arg">amp</em> * sin(2π (<em class="arg">freq</em> * <b><em>u</em></b> + <em class="arg">phase</em> / 360)) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
				3146	</div>
				3147
				3148	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9 (when <b><em>u</em></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between .7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				3149
				3150	<p class="crtsnip">
				3151	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				3152	</p>
				3153
				3154	<p>The default values of <em class="arg">amp</em> and <em class="arg">bias</em> are both .5. The default for <em class="arg">phase</em> is 0.</p>
				3155
				3156	<p>The <kbd>Sinusoid</kbd> function generalizes <kbd>Sin</kbd> and <kbd>Cos</kbd> of the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				3157
				3158	<table class="doc">
				3159	<tr>
				3160	<td>-evaluate Sin <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3161	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,0 </td>
				3162	</tr>
				3163	<tr>
				3164	<td>-evaluate Cos <em class="arg">freq</em> </td>
				3165	<td>-function Sinusoid <em class="arg">freq</em>,90 </td>
				3166	</tr>
				3167	</table>
				3168	</dd>
				3169
				3170	<dt><kbd>ArcSin</kbd></dt>
				3171	<dd>
				3172	<p>The <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				3173	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				3174	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3175	of values.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3176
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3177	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3178	-function <kbd>ArcSin</kbd> <em class="arg">width</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3179	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3180
				3181	<p>with all values given in terms of noramlize color values (0.0 for black,
				3182	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				3183	for bout input (<em class="arg">width</em>), and output (<em
				3184	class="arg">width</em>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				3185
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3186	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3187	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * asin( 2/<em class="arg">width</em> * ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3188	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3189
				3190	</dd>
				3191
				3192	<dt><kbd>ArcTan</kbd></dt>
				3193	<dd>
				3194	<p>The <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				3195	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3196	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3197
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3198	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3199	-function <kbd>ArcTan</kbd> <em class="arg">slope</em>,[<em class="arg">center</em>,[<em class="arg">range</em>,[<em class="arg">bias</em>]]]
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3200	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3201
				3202	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				3203	</p>
				3204
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3205	<p style="text-align: center">
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3206	<em class="arg">range</em>/π * atan( <em class="arg">slope</em>π ( <b><em>u</em></b> - <em class="arg">center</em> ) ) + <em class="arg">bias</em>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3207	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3208
				3209	</dd>
				3210
				3211	</dl>
				3212
				3213
				3214	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3215	<h4><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <em class="arg">distance</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3216	</div>
				3217
				3218	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Colors within this <em class="arg">distance</em> are considered equal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3219
				3220	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an image with <a href="#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these differences.</p>
				3221
				3222	<p>The <em class="arg">distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending <kbd>%</kbd> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255, 65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				3223
				3224
				3225	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3226	<h4><a id="fx"></a>-fx <em class="arg">expression</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3227	</div>
				3228
				3229	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3230
				3231	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">expression</em> is <kbd>@</kbd>, the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.</p>
				3232
				3233	<p>See <a href="../www/fx.html">FX, The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this option.</p>
				3234
				3235
				3236	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3237	<h4><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3238	</div>
				3239
				3240	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>level of gamma correction.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3241
				3242	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from <kbd>0.8</kbd> to <kbd>2.3</kbd>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				3243
				3244	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				3245
				3246	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g., <kbd>1.7,2.3,1.2</kbd>).</p>
				3247
				3248	<p>Use <a href="#gamma">+gamma <em class="arg">value</em></a> to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</p>
				3249
				3250	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				3251
				3252	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3253	<h4><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-gaussian-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3254	</div>
				3255
				3256	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3257
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3258	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
				3259	<em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value. The formula is:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3260
				3261	<div class="eqn"><img alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/>
				3262	</div>
				3263
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3264	<p>The <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value is the important argument, and
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3265	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3266
				3267	<p>The <em class="arg" >Radius</em> is only used to determine the size of the
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3268	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3269	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
cristy	b15553d	2010-07-03 22:53:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3270	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				3271	</p>
				3272
				3273	<p>The larger the <em class="arg" >Radius</em> the radius the slower the
				3274	operation is. However too small a <em class="arg" >Radius</em>, and sever
				3275	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <em class="arg" >Radius</em>
				3276	should be at least twice the <em class="arg" >Sigma</em> value, though three
				3277	times will produce a more accurite result. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3278
				3279	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3280	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				3281	neighboring pixels. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3282
				3283	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				3284	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				3285	</p>
				3286
				3287
				3288	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3289	<h4><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3290	</div>
				3291
				3292	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the preferred size and location of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3293
				3294	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3295
				3296	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3297	<h4><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3298	</div>
				3299
				3300	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3301
				3302	<p>Choices include: <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>, <kbd>North</kbd>, <kbd>NorthEast</kbd>,
				3303	<kbd>West</kbd>, <kbd>Center</kbd>, <kbd>East</kbd>, <kbd>SouthWest</kbd>,
				3304	<kbd>South</kbd>, <kbd>SouthEast</kbd>. Use <a href="#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete
				3305	list of <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
				3306	installation.</p>
				3307
				3308	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For example, a gravity of <kbd>Center</kbd> forces the text to be centered within the image. By default, the image gravity is <kbd>NorthWest</kbd>. See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the text primitive of <a href="#draw">-draw</a> affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				3309
				3310	<p>The <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that take <em class="arg">geometry</em> as an argument, such as the <a href="#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
				3311
				3312	<p>If a <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option or setting having a <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument that specifies an offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following command, for example, suppose the file <kbd>image.png</kbd> has dimensions 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="#region">-region</a> is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> is <kbd>Center</kbd>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point (100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving (100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at that point. (In addition, the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the region itself, which is <em>centered</em> at the pixel coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				3313
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3314	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \ <br/> -negate output.png</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3315	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</p>
				3316
				3317	<p>When used as an option to <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>, <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <kbd>Center</kbd> for this purpose.</p>
				3318
				3319
				3320	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3321	<h4><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3322	</div>
				3323
				3324	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>green chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3325
				3326
				3327	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3328	<h4><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3329	</div>
				3330
				3331	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3332
				3333	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				3334	dimensions. Create it with the <kbd>HALD:</kbd> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				3335	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				3336	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				3337
				3338	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png</span></p>
				3339	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				3340	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				3341	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				3342
				3343	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				3344	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
				3345	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				3346	href="#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
				3347	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				3348
				3349	<p>See also <a href="#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
				3350	of the individual color channels, usally involving a simplier gray-scale
				3351	image. E.g: gray-scale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
				3352	mapping. </p>
				3353
				3354
				3355	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3356	<h4><a id="help"></a>-help</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3357	</div>
				3358
				3359	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print usage instructions.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3360
				3361	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3362	<h4><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3363	</div>
				3364
				3365	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3366
				3367	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3368	<h4><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3369	</div>
				3370
				3371	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the icon geometry.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3372
				3373	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same manner as the <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to handle negative offsets.</p>
				3374
				3375	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3376
				3377	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3378	<h4><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3379	</div>
				3380
				3381	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>iconic animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3382
				3383	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3384	<h4><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3385	</div>
				3386
				3387	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>identify the format and characteristics of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3388
				3389	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size; the image class (<em class="arg">DirectClass</em> or <em class="arg">PseudoClass</em>); the total number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="../www/miff.html">MIFF</a> for a description of the image class.</p>
				3390
				3391	<p>If <a href="#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="/www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				3392
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3393	<p>If <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3394	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				3395	image histogram, and others.</p>
				3396
				3397	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3398	<h4><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3399	</div>
				3400
				3401	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3402
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3403	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial domain. See for example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3404
				3405	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of the <a href="#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				3406
				3407	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3408	<p>or</p>
				3409
				3410	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png</span></p>
				3411
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3412	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when the original image, prior to the <a href="#fft">-fft</a> or <a href="#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3413
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3414	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to use <a href="#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3415
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3416	<p>Use <a href="#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal (spatial) domain.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3417
				3418	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3419	<h4><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3420	</div>
				3421
				3422	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>make image immutable.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3423
				3424	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3425	<h4><a id="implode"></a>-implode <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3426	</div>
				3427
				3428	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>implode image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3429
				3430	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3431	<h4><a id="insert"></a>-insert <em class="arg">index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3432	</div>
				3433
				3434	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>insert the last image into the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3435
				3436	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such <kbd>-insert -1</kbd> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				3437
				3438	<p>The <kbd>+insert</kbd> option is equivalent to <kbd>-insert -1</kbd>. In other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence. Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				3439
				3440	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3441	<h4><a id="intent"></a>-intent <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3442	</div>
				3443
				3444	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3445
				3446	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see <a href="#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <kbd>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</kbd>.</p>
				3447
				3448	<p>The default intent is undefined.</p>
				3449
				3450	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				3451
				3452	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3453	<h4><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3454	</div>
				3455
				3456	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the type of interlacing scheme.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3457
				3458	<p>Choose from:</p>
				3459
				3460	<pre class="text">
				3461	none
				3462	line
				3463	plane
				3464	partition
				3465	JPEG
				3466	GIF
				3467	PNG
				3468	</pre>
				3469
				3470	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image formats such as <kbd>RGB</kbd> or <kbd>YUV</kbd>.</p>
				3471
				3472	<p><kbd>None</kbd> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				3473
				3474	<p><kbd>Line</kbd> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				3475
				3476	<p><kbd>Plane</kbd> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				3477
				3478	<p><kbd>Partition</kbd> is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g. image.R,
				3479	image.G, and image.B).</p>
				3480
				3481	<p>Use <kbd>Line</kbd> or <kbd>Plane</kbd> to create an <kbd>interlaced PNG</kbd> or <kbd>GIF</kbd> or <kbd>progressive JPEG</kbd>
				3482	image.</p>
				3483
				3484	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="#list">-list interlace</a>.</p>
				3485
				3486	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3487	<h4><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3488	</div>
				3489
				3490	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3491
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3492	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3493	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				3494	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				3495	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				3496	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				3497
				3498	<pre class="text">
				3499	integer: The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)
				3500	nearest-neighbor: The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)
				3501	average: The average color of the surrounding four pixels
				3502	bilinear A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)
				3503	mesh Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations
				3504	bicubic Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels
				3505	spline Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)
				3506	filter Use resize <a href="#filter">-filter</a> settings
				3507	</pre>
				3508
				3509	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				3510	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="#transform"
				3511	>-transform</a> and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
				3512
				3513	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				3514
				3515	<p>See also <a href="#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
				3516	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				3517
				3518
				3519	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3520	<h4><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	f3bb478	2009-09-08 13:10:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3521	</div>
				3522
				3523	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two text lines.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3524
				3525	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3526	<h4><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3527	</div>
				3528
				3529	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two words.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3530
				3531	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3532	<h4><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3533	</div>
				3534
				3535	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the space between two letters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3536
				3537	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3538	<h4><a id="label"></a>-label <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3539	</div>
				3540
				3541	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>assign a label to an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3542
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3543	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
				3544	or created. You can use the <a href="#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
				3545	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				3546	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3547
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3548	<p>When saving an image to a <em class="arg">PostScript</em> file, any label
				3549	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				3550	image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3551
cristy	bc9539a	2010-08-16 18:06:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3552	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				3553	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="../www/escape.html">Format and Print Image
				3554	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3555
				3556	<p>For example,</p>
				3557
				3558	<p class="crtsnip">
				3559	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				3560	</p>
				3561
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3562	<p>assigns an image label of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> to the
				3563	"<kbd>bird.miff</kbd>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				3564	is read in. If a <a href="#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				3565	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				3566	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3567
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3568	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				3569	via <em>Label</em> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				3570	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				3571	during the final processing in the creation of a image montage.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3572
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3573	<p>If the first character of <em class="arg">string</em> is <em
				3574	class="arg">@</em>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				3575	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				3576	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3577
				3578
				3579	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3580	<h4><a id="lat"></a>-lat <em class="arg">width</em><br />-lat <em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">offset</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3581	</div>
				3582
				3583	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform local adaptive threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3584
				3585	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				3586	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				3587	the optional <kbd>offset</kbd>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				3588	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				3589	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				3590	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				3591
				3592	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				3593	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				3594	the local background color, from which to separate the forground color. </p>
				3595
				3596
				3597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3598	<h4><a id="layers"></a>-layers <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3599	</div>
				3600
				3601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3602
				3603	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				3604	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				3605	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				3606
				3607	<table class="doc">
				3608	<tbody>
				3609	<tr valign="top">
				3610	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				3611	<th align="left">Description</th>
				3612	</tr>
				3613
				3614	<tr valign="top">
				3615	<td valign="top">compare-any</td>
				3616	<td valign="top">Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
				3617	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				3618	href="#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
				3619	</tr>
				3620
				3621	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="#deconstruct"
				3622	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
				3623	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				3624	'<kbd>Previous</kbd>' or '<kbd>Background</kbd>'. </td>
				3625	</tr>
				3626
				3627	<tr valign="top">
				3628	<td valign="top">compare-clear</td>
				3629	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to the bounds of any
				3630	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				3631	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				3632	</tr>
				3633
				3634	<tr valign="top">
				3635	<td valign="top">compare-overlay</td>
				3636	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>compare-any</kbd>' but crop to pixels that add
				3637	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				3638	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				3639	</tr>
				3640
				3641	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
				3642	composition method '<kbd>change-mask</kbd>', to reduce the image to
				3643	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				3644	</tr>
				3645
				3646	<tr valign="top">
				3647	<td valign="top">coalesce</td>
				3648	<td valign="top">Equivalent to a call to the <a href="#coalesce"
				3649	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
				3650	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				3651	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				3652	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				3653	</tr>
				3654
				3655	<tr valign="top">
				3656	<td valign="top">composite</td>
				3657	<td valign="top">Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				3658	"<kbd>null:</kbd>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				3659	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				3660	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				3661	image lists are removed. </td>
				3662	</tr>
				3663
				3664
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3665	<tr><td></td>
				3666	<td>The <a href="#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				3667	to <a href="#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				3668	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3669	href="#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3670	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3671
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3672	<tr><td></td>
				3673	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3674	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				3675	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				3676	preserved. </td>
				3677	</tr>
				3678
				3679
				3680	<tr valign="top">
				3681	<td valign="top">dispose</td>
				3682	<td valign="top">This like '<kbd>coalesce</kbd>' but shows the look of
				3683	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				3684	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
				3685	results from the application of the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3686	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
				3687	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				3688	</td>
				3689	</tr>
				3690
				3691	<tr valign="top">
				3692	<td valign="top">flatten</td>
				3693	<td valign="top">Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
				3694	canvas using the current <a href="#background" >-background</a> color,
				3695	and <a href="#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
				3696	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				3697	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				3698	</tr>
				3699
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3700	<tr><td></td>
				3701	<td>This usally used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3702	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				3703	</tr>
				3704
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3705	<tr><td></td>
				3706	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3707	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay a opaque color to remove
				3708	transparency from an image.</td>
				3709	</tr>
				3710
				3711
				3712	<tr valign="top">
				3713	<td valign="top">merge</td>
				3714	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				3715	layers into a new layer image just large enough to hold all the image
				3716	without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset will
				3717	prevere the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				3718	negative. the virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				3719	</td>
				3720	</tr>
				3721
				3722	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with negative offsets
				3723	as few image file formats handle them correctly. </td>
				3724	</tr>
				3725
				3726	<tr valign="top">
				3727	<td valign="top">mosaic</td>
				3728	<td valign="top">As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				3729	of the first image so as to hold all the image layers. However as a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3730	virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin, by definition, image layers
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3731	with a negative offsets will still be clipped by the top and left
				3732	edges.</td>
				3733	</tr>
				3734
				3735	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image using various
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3736	offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The resulting image
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3737	will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so can be saved to
				3738	any image file format. </td>
				3739	</tr>
				3740
				3741
				3742	<tr valign="top">
				3743	<td valign="top">optimize</td>
				3744	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				3745	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				3746	apply both the '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>', and
				3747	'<kbd>optimize-transparency</kbd>' methods but may be expanded to
				3748	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				3749	</tr>
				3750
				3751	<tr valign="top">
				3752	<td valign="top">optimize-frame</td>
				3753	<td valign="top">Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				3754	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				3755	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				3756	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				3757	</tr>
				3758
				3759	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found. But
				3760	then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				3761	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				3762	optimizers seen. </td>
				3763	</tr>
				3764
				3765	<tr valign="top">
				3766	<td valign="top">optimize-plus</td>
				3767	<td valign="top">As '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' but attempt to improve the
				3768	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				3769	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				3770	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				3771	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				3772	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				3773	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				3774	'<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. </td>
				3775	</tr>
				3776
				3777	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal style will
				3778	result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames, though this
				3779	is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is better than
				3780	the normal '<kbd>optimize-frame</kbd>' technique. For some animations
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3781	however you can get a vast improvement in the final animation size. </td>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3782	</tr>
				3783
				3784	<tr valign="top">
				3785	<td valign="top">optimize-transparency</td>
				3786	<td valign="top">Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				3787	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
				3788	animation by more than the current <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
				3789	</td>
				3790	</tr>
				3791
				3792	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation to compress
				3793	into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one (transparent)
				3794	color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating the current
				3795	disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				3796	</tr>
				3797
				3798	<tr valign="top">
				3799	<td valign="top">remove-dups</td>
				3800	<td valign="top">Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				3801	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				3802	</td>
				3803	</tr>
				3804
				3805	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay across the
				3806	whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into smaller
				3807	sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been used as
				3808	part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				3809	</tr>
				3810
				3811	<tr valign="top">
				3812	<td valign="top">remove-zero</td>
				3813	<td valign="top">Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				3814	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				3815	warning is then issued). </td>
				3816	</tr>
				3817
				3818	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which provide
				3819	partial intermediary updates between the frames that are actually
				3820	displayed to users. These frames are usally added for improved frame
				3821	optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				3822	</tr>
				3823
				3824	<tr valign="top">
				3825	<td valign="top">trim-bounds</td>
				3826	<td valign="top">Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				3827	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				3828	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified, only
				3829	there virtual canvas size and offset. The all the image is given
				3830	the same canvas size, and and will have a positive offset, but will
				3831	remain in the same position relative to each other. As a result of the
				3832	minimal canvas size at least one image will touch every edge of that
				3833	canvas. The image data however may be transparent.
				3834	</td>
				3835	</tr>
				3836
				3837	</tbody>
				3838	</table>
				3839
				3840	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				3841
				3842	<p>The operators <a href="#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="#deconstruct"
				3843	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="#mosaic"
				3844	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods. Also see <a
				3845	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#repage" >-repage</a> operators, the <a
				3846	href="#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the GIF <a href="#dispose"
				3847	>-dispose</a> and <a href="#delay" >-delay</a> settings. </p>
				3848
				3849
				3850	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3851	<h4><a id="level"></a>-level <em class="arg">black_point</em>{,<em class="arg">white_point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}{,<em class="arg">gamma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3852	</div>
				3853
				3854	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of image channels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3855
				3856	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				3857	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				3858	white points range from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, or from 0 to 100%; if the white
				3859	point is omitted it is set to (<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> - black_point), so as to center
				3860	contrast changes. If a <kbd>%</kbd> sign is present anywhere in the string,
				3861	both black and white points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma
				3862	will do a <a href="#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is
				3863	omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				3864
				3865	<p>In normal usage (<kbd>-level</kbd>) the image values are stretched so that
				3866	the given '<kbd>black_point</kbd>' value in the original image is set to
				3867	zero (or black), while the given '<kbd>white_point</kbd>' value is set to
				3868	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> (or white). This provides you with direct contrast adjustments
				3869	to the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' of the resulting image will then be
				3870	adjusted. </p>
				3871
				3872	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level</kbd>) or
				3873	adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument list, will cause the
				3874	operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That is a zero, or
				3875	<em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> value (black, and white, resp.) in the original image, is
				3876	adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to de-contrast, or compress
				3877	the channel values within the image. The '<kbd>gamma</kbd>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the image is made. </p>
				3878
				3879	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="#channel">-channel</a>
				3880	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				3881	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				3882
				3883	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				3884	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				3885
				3886
				3887	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3888	<h4><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3889	class="arg">black_color</em>}{,}{<em class="arg">white_color</em>}</h4>
				3890	</div>
				3891
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3892	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3893
				3894	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="#level">-level</a>, except that the
				3895	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				3896	'<kbd>black_color</kbd>' and '<kbd>white_color</kbd>' colors given (as
				3897	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				3898
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3899	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <kbd>-level-colors</kbd>
				3900	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3901	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3902	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3903
				3904	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<kbd>+level-colors</kbd>)
				3905	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3906	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3907	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain gray-scale image into a
				3908	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				3909
				3910	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				3911	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3912	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3913	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				3914	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				3915	color (+ form). </p>
				3916
				3917
				3918	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3919	<h4><a id="limit"></a>-limit <em class="arg">type value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3920	</div>
				3921
				3922	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the pixel cache resource limit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3923
				3924	<p>Choose from: <kbd>area</kbd>, <kbd>disk</kbd>, <kbd>file</kbd>, <kbd>map</kbd>, <kbd>memory</kbd>, <kbd>threads</kbd>, or <kbd>time</kbd>.</p>
				3925
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3926	<p>The value for <kbd>file</kbd> is in number of files. The other limits are in bytes. By default the limits are 768 files, 2GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 8GiB memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the available resources on your computer if this information is available. When any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits memory:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3927
				3928	<p class="crtsnip">
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3929	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3930	</p>
				3931
				3932	<p>Use <a href="#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				3933
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3934	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list resource</span><span class='crtout'></span></p><pre class="text">
				3935	File Area Memory Map Disk Thread Time
cristy	6b63665	2009-12-05 17:16:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3936	------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3937	768 12.404GB 8.6642GiB 23.104GiB 18.446744EB 8 unlimited
				3938	</pre>
				3939
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3940	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the <kbd>area</kbd> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				3941
				3942	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>memory</kbd> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the <kbd>map</kbd> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if the resource request exceeds the <kbd>area</kbd> limit, the pixels are automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program fails.</p>
				3943
				3944	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10mb of memory you can simply set the area limit to 10mb:</p>
				3945
				3946	<p class="crtsnip">
				3947	-limit area 10mb
				3948	</p>
				3949
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3950	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk limit as well:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3951
				3952	<p class="crtsnip">
				3953	-limit area 10mb -limit disk 500mb
				3954	</p>
				3955
				3956	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				3957
				3958	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set with <a href="../www/resources.html#environment">environment variables</a>. Set the environment variables <kbd>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</kbd>, <kbd>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</kbd> for limits of image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				3959
				3960	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="#debug">-debug cache</a> to their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output through <kbd>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</kbd> for more readable sifting.
				3961	</p>
				3962
				3963	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="../www/architecture.html#cache">Architecture</a> page.
				3964	</p>
				3965
				3966	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3967	<h4><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em><br />-linear-stretch <em class="arg">black-point</em>{x<em class="arg">white-point</em>}{<em class="arg">%</em>}}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3968	</div>
				3969
				3970	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Linear with saturation stretch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3971
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3972	<p>This is very similar to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
				3973	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
				3974	be stretched. However it then stretchs those colors using the <a
				3975	href="#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
				3976
				3977	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				3978	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				3979	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				3980
				3981	<p>note however that a <a href="#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
				3982	'<kbd>0</kbd>' does nothing, while a value of '<kbd>1</kbd>' does a near
				3983	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				3984
				3985	<p>See also <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
				3986	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				3987
				3988	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				3989
				3990
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3991	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3992	<h4><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3993	</div>
				3994
				3995	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the line width for subsequent draw operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				3996
				3997	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3998	<h4><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3999	</div>
				4000
				4001	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>rescale image with seam-carving.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4002
				4003	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4004
				4005	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4006	<h4><a id="list"></a>-list <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4007	</div>
				4008
				4009	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4010
				4011	<pre class="text">
cristy	c1aee83	2010-05-08 00:36:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4012	Align
				4013	Alpha
				4014	Boolean
				4015	Channel
				4016	Class
				4017	ClipPath
				4018	Coder
				4019	Color
				4020	Colorspace
				4021	Command
				4022	Compose
				4023	Compress
				4024	Configure
				4025	DataType
				4026	Debug
				4027	Decoration
				4028	Delegate
				4029	Direction
				4030	Dispose
				4031	Distort
				4032	Dither
				4033	Endian
				4034	Evaluate
				4035	FillRule
				4036	Filter
				4037	Font
				4038	Format
				4039	Function
				4040	Gravity
				4041	ImageList
				4042	Intent
				4043	Interlace
				4044	Interpolate
				4045	Kernel
cristy	787d435	2010-03-06 13:55:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4046	Layers
				4047	LineCap
				4048	LineJoin
				4049	List
				4050	Locale
				4051	LogEvent
				4052	Log
				4053	Magic
				4054	Method
				4055	Metric
				4056	Mime
				4057	Mode
				4058	Morphology
				4059	Module
				4060	Noise
				4061	Orientation
				4062	Policy
				4063	PolicyDomain
				4064	PolicyRights
				4065	Preview
				4066	Primitive
				4067	QuantumFormat
				4068	Resource
				4069	SparseColor
				4070	Storage
				4071	Stretch
				4072	Style
				4073	Threshold
				4074	Type
				4075	Units
				4076	Validate
				4077	VirtualPixel
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4078	</pre>
				4079
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4080	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<kbd>-list
				4081	list</kbd>" to get a complete listing of all the "<kbd>-list</kbd>" arguments
				4082	available:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4083
				4084	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>identify -list list</span></p>
				4085	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4086	<h4><a id="log"></a>-log <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4087	</div>
				4088
				4089	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify format for debug log.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4090
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4091	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				4092	href="#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4093
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4094	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				4095	characters:</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4096
				4097	<pre class="text">
				4098	%d domain
				4099	%e event
				4100	%f function
				4101	%l line
				4102	%m module
				4103	%p process ID
				4104	%r real CPU time
				4105	%t wall clock time
				4106	%u user CPU time
				4107	%% percent sign
				4108	\n newline
				4109	\r carriage return
				4110	</pre>
				4111
				4112	<p>For example:</p>
				4113
				4114	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png</span></p>
				4115	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				4116
				4117	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4118	<h4><a id="loop"></a>-loop <em class="arg">iterations</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4119	</div>
				4120
				4121	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4122
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4123	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				4124	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <em class="arg">iterations</em>
				4125	times.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4126
				4127	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4128	<h4><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4129	</div>
				4130
				4131	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4132
				4133	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4134	<h4><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify <em class="arg">factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4135	</div>
				4136
				4137	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>magnify the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4138
				4139
				4140	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4141	<h4><a id="map"></a>-map <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4142	</div>
				4143
				4144	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Display image using this <em class="arg">type</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4145
				4146	<p>Choose from these <em class="arg">Standard Colormap</em> types:</p>
				4147
				4148	<pre class="text">
				4149	best
				4150	default
				4151	gray
				4152	red
				4153	green
				4154	blue
				4155	</pre>
				4156
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4157	<p>The <em class="arg">X server</em> must support the <em class="arg">Standard
				4158	Colormap</em> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <kbd>list</kbd> as
				4159	the type and <kbd>display</kbd> searches the list of colormap types in
				4160	<kbd>top-to-bottom</kbd> order until one is located. See <em
				4161	class="arg">xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4162
				4163
				4164	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4165	<h4><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <em class="arg">components</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4166	</div>
				4167
				4168	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel map.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/stream.html">stream</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4169
				4170	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				4171
				4172	<pre class="text">
				4173	r red pixel component
				4174	g green pixel component
				4175	b blue pixel component
				4176	a alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)
				4177	o opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)
				4178	i grayscale intensity pixel component
				4179	c cyan pixel component
				4180	m magenta pixel component
				4181	y yellow pixel component
				4182	k black pixel component
				4183	p pad component (always 0)
				4184	</pre>
				4185
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4186	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				4187	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				4188
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4189
				4190	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4191	<h4><a id="mask"></a>-mask
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4192	<em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
				4193	</div>
				4194
				4195	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Composite the image pixels as defined by the mask.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4196
				4197	<p>Use <a href="#mask">+mask</a> to remove the image mask.</p>
				4198
				4199	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4200	<h4><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4201	</div>
				4202
				4203	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the color to be used with the <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4204
				4205	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				4206
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4207	<p>The default matte color is <kbd>#BDBDBD</kbd>, <span
				4208	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4209
				4210	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4211	<h4><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4212	</div>
				4213
				4214	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4215
				4216	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4217	<h4><a id="median"></a>-median <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4218	</div>
				4219
				4220	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a median filter to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4221
				4222	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4223	<h4><a id="metric"></a>-metric <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4224	</div>
				4225
				4226	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <em class="arg">type</em> given metric.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4227
				4228	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4229
				4230	<pre class="text">
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4231	AE absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4232	FUZZ mean color distance
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4233	MAE mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance
				4234	MEPP mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)
				4235	MSE mean error squared, average of the channel error squared
cristy	a20e3f9	2010-12-13 01:52:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4236	NCC normalized cross correlation
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4237	PAE peak absolute (normalize peak absolute)
				4238	PSNR peak signal to noise ratio
				4239	RMSE root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4240	</pre>
				4241
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4242	<p>Control the '<kbd>AE</kbd>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
				4243	with the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
				4244	only changed by a small amount). Use '<kbd>PAE</kbd>' to find the
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4245	size of the <a href="#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
cristy	771f7a7	2010-11-27 21:42:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4246	'similar', while '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' dtermines the factor needed
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4247	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4248
				4249	<p>The '<kbd>MEPP</kbd>' metric returns three different metrics
				4250	('<kbd>MAE</kbd>', '<kbd>MAE</kbd>' normalized, and '<kbd>PAE</kbd>'
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4251	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4252
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4253	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="#list">-list
				4254	metrics</a> option.</p>
				4255
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4256
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4257	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4258	<h4><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h4>
cristy	d2baf7d	2010-03-06 04:26:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4259	</div>
				4260
				4261	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4262
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4263
				4264	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4265	<h4><a id="mode"></a>-mode <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4266	</div>
				4267
				4268	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mode of operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4269
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4270	<p>Choose the <em class="arg">value</em> from these styles: <kbd>Frame,
				4271	Unframe, or Concatenate</kbd></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4272
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4273	<p>Use the <a href="#list" >-list</a> option with a '<kbd>Mode</kbd>' argument
				4274	for a list of <a href="#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
				4275	ImageMagick installation.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4276
				4277
				4278	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4279	<h4><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <em class="arg">brightness</em>[,<em class="arg">saturation</em>,<em class="arg">hue</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4280	</div>
				4281
cristy	bac7a16	2010-06-15 19:57:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4282	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Vary the <em class="arg">brightness</em>, <em
				4283	class="arg">saturation</em>, and <em class="arg">hue</em> of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4284
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4285	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				4286	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4287
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4288	<p>The <em class="arg">brightness</em> is a multiplier of the overall
				4289	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				4290	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="#negate">-negate</a> the image
				4291	before and after. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4292
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4293	<p>The <em class="arg">saturation</em> controls the amount of color in an
				4294	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				4295	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4296
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4297	<p>The <em class="arg">hue</em> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				4298	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				4299	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				4300	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				4301	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				4302	the original image. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4303
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4304	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
				4305	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				4306	href="#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4307
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4308	<p>Use <a href="#set">-set</a> attribute of '<kbd
				4309	class="arg">option:modulate:colorspace</kbd>' to specify which colorspace to
				4310	modulate. Choose from <kbd>HSB</kbd>, <kbd>HSL</kbd> (the default), or
				4311	<kbd>HWB</kbd>. For example,</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4312
				4313	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png</span></p>
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4314
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4315	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4316	<h4><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4317	</div>
				4318
				4319	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>monitor progress.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4320
				4321
				4322	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4323	<h4><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4324	</div>
				4325
				4326	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image to black and white.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4327
				4328
				4329	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4330	<h4><a id="morph"></a>-morph <em class="arg">frames</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4331	</div>
				4332
				4333	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>morphs an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4334
				4335	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				4336	appearance of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
				4337	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				4338	href="#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <em class="arg">frames</em>
				4339	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				4340
				4341
				4342	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4343	<h4><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h4>
				4344	<h4>-morphology <em class="arg">method</em> <em class="arg">kernel</em></h4>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4345	</div>
				4346
cristy	2c83960	2010-04-03 02:32:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4347	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>apply a morphology method to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4348
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4349	<p>Until I get around to writing a option summary for this, see <a
				4350	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
				4351	Morphology</a>. </p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4352
				4353
cristy	488844c	2010-01-22 14:02:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4354	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4355	<h4><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4356	</div>
				4357
				4358	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>an simple alias for the <a href="#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4359
				4360
				4361	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4362	<h4><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-motion-blur <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4363	</div>
				4364
				4365	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate motion blur.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4366
				4367	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				4368	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				4369	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				4370
				4371	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4372	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4373
				4374	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4375	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4376	</p>
				4377
				4378	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4379	<h4><a id="name"></a>-name</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4380	</div>
				4381
				4382	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4383	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4384	<h4><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4385	</div>
				4386
cristy	b29bc03	2010-02-01 20:29:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4387	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>replace each pixel with its complementary color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4388
				4389	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="#negate">+negate</a> to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				4390
				4391	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4392	<h4><a id="noise"></a>-noise <em class="arg">radius</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4393	+noise <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
				4394	</div>
				4395
				4396	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Add or reduce noise in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4397
				4398	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				4399
				4400	<p>Use <kbd><a href="#noise">-noise</a> <em class="arg">radius</em></kbd> to specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise.</p>
				4401
				4402	<p>Use <a href="#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <em class="arg">type</em> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise types:</p>
				4403
				4404	<pre class="text">
				4405	Gaussian
				4406	Impulse
				4407	Laplacian
				4408	Multiplicative
				4409	Poisson
				4410	Random
				4411	Uniform
				4412	</pre>
				4413
				4414	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				4415
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4416	<p>Also see the <a href="#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allos
				4417	the use of a controlling value to specify teh amount of noise that should be
				4418	added to an image. </p>
				4419
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4420
				4421	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4422	<h4><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4423	</div>
				4424
				4425	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Increase the contrast in an image by <em>stretching</em> the range of intensity values.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4426
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4427	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				4428	values. While doing so, black-out at most <em>2%</em> of the pixels and
				4429	white-out at most <em>1%</em> of the pixels.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4430
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4431	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				4432	is equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				4433	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="#contrast-stretch"
				4434	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4435
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4436	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the came amount so as to
				4437	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="#channel" >+channel</a>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4438	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="#channel" >-channel</a>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4439	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				4440
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4441	<p>See <a href="#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4442	Also see <a href="#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
cristy	8354396	2009-10-16 19:04:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4443	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4444
				4445	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4446
				4447
				4448	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4449	<h4><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <em class="arg">threshold_map</em>{,<em class="arg">level</em>...}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4450	</div>
				4451
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4452	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <em
				4453	class="arg">threshold map</em> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				4454	given number of <em class="arg">levels</em> per color channel . </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4455
				4456	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				4457
				4458	<pre class="text">
cristy	a6d7cf7	2010-11-07 15:58:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4459	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				4460	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				4461	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				4462	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				4463	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				4464	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				4465	h4x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				4466	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				4467	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				4468	h4x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				4469	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				4470	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				4471	h16x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				4472	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				4473	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				4474	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				4475	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				4476	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				4477	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4478	</pre>
				4479
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4480	<p> The <kbd>checks</kbd> pattern produces a 3 level checkerbord dither
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4481	pattern. Or you can define your own <em class="arg" >threshold map</em> in a
cristy	de36899	2010-11-05 14:32:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4482	personal or system <kbd>thresholds.xml</kbd> XML file. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4483
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4484	<p>To print a complete list of threshold, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4485	threshold</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4486
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4487	<p>It is recommended that the <a href="#map" >+map</a> operator be used after
				4488	applying <a href="#ordered-dither" >-ordered-dither</a> to reduce the number of
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4489	colors an animated image sequence, to less that 256 colors. This ensures that
				4490	a common or global color table is used when saving the result to a color
				4491	limited file format such as GIF. </p>
				4492
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4493	<p>Note that at this time the exact same threshold dithering map is used for
				4494	all color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for
				4495	different channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. (possible
				4496	future expansion) </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4497
				4498
				4499	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4500	<h4><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4501	</div>
				4502
				4503	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>change this color to the fill color within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4504
cristy	c54f5d4	2009-11-27 21:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4505	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4506	described under the <a href="#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				4507	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				4508	given.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4509
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4510	<p>Use <a href="#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				4511	the target color. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4512
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4513	<p>The <a href="#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
				4514	as <a href="#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
				4515	transparency rather than the current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				4516	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
				4517	channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</kbd>", for
				4518	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				4519	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4520
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4521
				4522	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4523	<h4><a id="orient"></a>-orient <em class="arg">image orientation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4524	</div>
				4525
				4526	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify orientation of a digital camera image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4527
				4528	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				4529
				4530	<pre class="text">
				4531	bottom-left
				4532	bottom-right
				4533	left-bottom
				4534	left-top
				4535	right-bottom
				4536	right-top
				4537	top-left
				4538	top-right
				4539	undefined
				4540	</pre>
				4541
cristy	d934d10	2009-10-10 12:55:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4542	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="#list" >-list
				4543	orientation</a> option.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4544
				4545
				4546	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4547	<h4><a id="page"></a>-page <em class="arg">geometry</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4548	-page <em class="arg">media</em>[<em class="arg">offset</em>][{<em class="arg">^!<></em>}]<br/>
				4549	+page
				4550	</h4>
				4551	</div>
				4552
				4553	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4554
				4555	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4556
				4557	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <em class="arg">media</em> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other <em class="arg">geometry</em> arguments (e.g. <a href="#page">-page</a> <kbd>Letter+43+43</kbd>).</p>
				4558
				4559	<p>Use <em class="arg">media</em> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<em class="arg">width</em>x<em class="arg">height</em>) of the <em class="arg">PostScript</em> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				4560	<table id="geometryTable" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="50%" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
				4561	<thead>
				4562	<tr valign="top">
				4563	<th align="center"><em class="arg">media</em></th>
				4564	<th align="center"><em class="arg">width</em></th>
				4565	<th align="center"><em class="arg">height</em></th>
				4566	</tr>
				4567	</thead>
				4568	<tbody>
				4569	<tr><td align="left"> 11x17 </td> <td align="right"> 792</td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> </tr>
				4570	<tr><td align="left"> Ledger </td> <td align="right"> 1224</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4571	<tr><td align="left"> Legal </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 1008</td> </tr>
				4572	<tr><td align="left"> Letter </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4573	<tr><td align="left"> LetterSmall</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 792</td> </tr>
				4574	<tr><td align="left"> ArchE </td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> <td align="right"> 3456</td> </tr>
				4575	<tr><td align="left"> ArchD </td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> <td align="right"> 2592</td> </tr>
				4576	<tr><td align="left"> ArchC </td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> <td align="right"> 1728</td> </tr>
				4577	<tr><td align="left"> ArchB </td> <td align="right"> 864</td> <td align="right"> 1296</td> </tr>
				4578	<tr><td align="left"> ArchA </td> <td align="right"> 648</td> <td align="right"> 864</td> </tr>
				4579	<tr><td align="left"> A0 </td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> <td align="right"> 3368</td> </tr>
				4580	<tr><td align="left"> A1 </td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> <td align="right"> 2380</td> </tr>
				4581	<tr><td align="left"> A2 </td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> <td align="right"> 1684</td> </tr>
				4582	<tr><td align="left"> A3 </td> <td align="right"> 842</td> <td align="right"> 1190</td> </tr>
				4583	<tr><td align="left"> A4 </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4584	<tr><td align="left"> A4Small </td> <td align="right"> 595</td> <td align="right"> 842</td> </tr>
				4585	<tr><td align="left"> A5 </td> <td align="right"> 421</td> <td align="right"> 595</td> </tr>
				4586	<tr><td align="left"> A6 </td> <td align="right"> 297</td> <td align="right"> 421</td> </tr>
				4587	<tr><td align="left"> A7 </td> <td align="right"> 210</td> <td align="right"> 297</td> </tr>
				4588	<tr><td align="left"> A8 </td> <td align="right"> 148</td> <td align="right"> 210</td> </tr>
				4589	<tr><td align="left"> A9 </td> <td align="right"> 105</td> <td align="right"> 148</td> </tr>
				4590	<tr><td align="left"> A10 </td> <td align="right"> 74</td> <td align="right"> 105</td> </tr>
				4591	<tr><td align="left"> B0 </td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> <td align="right"> 4008</td> </tr>
				4592	<tr><td align="left"> B1 </td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> <td align="right"> 2836</td> </tr>
				4593	<tr><td align="left"> B2 </td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> <td align="right"> 2004</td> </tr>
				4594	<tr><td align="left"> B3 </td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> <td align="right"> 1418</td> </tr>
				4595	<tr><td align="left"> B4 </td> <td align="right"> 709</td> <td align="right"> 1002</td> </tr>
				4596	<tr><td align="left"> B5 </td> <td align="right"> 501</td> <td align="right"> 709</td> </tr>
				4597	<tr><td align="left"> C0 </td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> <td align="right"> 3677</td> </tr>
				4598	<tr><td align="left"> C1 </td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> <td align="right"> 2600</td> </tr>
				4599	<tr><td align="left"> C2 </td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> <td align="right"> 1837</td> </tr>
				4600	<tr><td align="left"> C3 </td> <td align="right"> 918</td> <td align="right"> 1298</td> </tr>
				4601	<tr><td align="left"> C4 </td> <td align="right"> 649</td> <td align="right"> 918</td> </tr>
				4602	<tr><td align="left"> C5 </td> <td align="right"> 459</td> <td align="right"> 649</td> </tr>
				4603	<tr><td align="left"> C6 </td> <td align="right"> 323</td> <td align="right"> 459</td> </tr>
				4604	<tr><td align="left"> Flsa </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4605	<tr><td align="left"> Flse </td> <td align="right"> 612</td> <td align="right"> 936</td> </tr>
				4606	<tr><td align="left"> HalfLetter </td> <td align="right"> 396</td> <td align="right"> 612</td> </tr>
				4607	</tbody>
				4608	</table>
				4609
				4610
				4611
				4612
				4613	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="#page">-page</a><em class="arg">{+-}x{+-}y</em> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <a href="#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values that are written in the <kbd>MHDR</kbd> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its dimensions.</p>
				4614
				4615	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a href="#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <em>lower left-hand corner</em> of the page by {+-}<kbd>x</kbd><em class="arg">offset</em>{+-}<kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em>. Use <a href="#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the page. The default gravity for the <a href="#page">-page</a> option is <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <kbd>x</kbd> and <kbd>y</kbd> <em class="arg">offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top left corner of the page, unless the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with a value other than <em class="arg">NorthWest</em>.</p>
				4616
				4617	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				4618
				4619	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="#density">-density</a>.</p>
				4620
				4621	<p>Use <a href="#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				4622
				4623	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4624	<h4><a id="paint"></a>-paint <em class="arg">radius</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4625	</div>
				4626
				4627	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an oil painting.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4628
				4629	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood whose width is specified with <em class="arg">radius</em>.</p>
				4630
				4631	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4632	<h4><a id="path"></a>-path <em class="arg">path</em></h4></div>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4633
				4634	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write images to this path on disk.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4635
				4636	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4637	<h4><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4638	</div>
				4639
				4640	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between animation loops.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4641
				4642	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				4643
				4644	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4645	<h4><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4646	</div>
				4647
				4648	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pause between snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				4649
				4650	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				4651
				4652	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4653	<h4><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4654	</div>
				4655
				4656	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>efficiently determine image characteristics.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4657
				4658	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4659	<h4><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4660	</div>
				4661
				4662	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4663
				4664	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4665	<h4><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4666	</div>
				4667
				4668	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a Polaroid picture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4669
				4670	<p>Use <kbd>+polaroid</kbd> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				4671
				4672	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4673	<h4><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <em class="arg">levels</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4674	</div>
				4675
				4676	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce the image to a limited number of color levels.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4677
				4678	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4679	<h4><a id="precision"></a>-precision <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	d43a46b	2010-01-21 02:13:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4680	</div>
				4681
				4682	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4683
				4684	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4685	<h4><a id="preview"></a>-preview <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4686	</div>
				4687
				4688	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>image preview type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4689
				4690	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g. <kbd>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</kbd>). Choose from these previews:</p>
				4691
				4692	<pre class="text">
				4693	Rotate
				4694	Shear
				4695	Roll
				4696	Hue
				4697	Saturation
				4698	Brightness
				4699	Gamma
				4700	Spiff
				4701	Dull
				4702	Grayscale
				4703	Quantize
				4704	Despeckle
				4705	ReduceNoise
				4706	Add Noise
				4707	Sharpen
				4708	Blur
				4709	Threshold
				4710	EdgeDetect
				4711	Spread
				4712	Shade
				4713	Raise
				4714	Segment
				4715	Solarize
				4716	Swirl
				4717	Implode
				4718	Wave
				4719	OilPaint
				4720	CharcoalDrawing
				4721	JPEG
				4722	</pre>
				4723
				4724	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				4725
				4726	<p>The default preview is <kbd>JPEG</kbd>.</p>
				4727
				4728	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4729	<h4><a id="print"></a>-print <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4730	</div>
				4731
				4732	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>interpret string and print to console.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4733
				4734	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4735	<h4><a id="process"></a>-process <em class="arg">command</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4736	</div>
				4737
				4738	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>process the image with a custom image filter.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4739
				4740	<p>The command arguments has the form <kbd>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN"</kbd> where <kbd>module</kbd> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to pass to the process module.</p>
				4741
				4742	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4743	<h4><a id="profile"></a>-profile <em class="arg">filename</em><br/>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4744	+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></h4>
				4745	</div>
				4746
				4747	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4748
				4749	<p>Using <a href="#profile">-profile</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile to the image.</p>
				4750
				4751	<p>Use <a href="#profile">+profile <em class="arg">profile_name</em></a> to remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <kbd>+profile "!xmp,*"</kbd>. </p>
				4752
				4753	<p>Use <kbd>identify -verbose</kbd> to find out which profiles are in the image file. Use <a href="#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and comments).</p>
				4754
				4755	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="#profile">-profile</a> option is not used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <em class="arg">APP1, 8BImageMagick, ICM,</em> or <em class="arg">IPTC</em>.</p>
				4756
				4757	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the <em class="arg">APP1</em> profile), use.</p>
				4758
				4759	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif</span></p>
				4760	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a href="#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				4761
				4762	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff</span></p>
				4763	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra conversion steps can yield unwanted results.
				4764	CMYK profiles are often very asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				4765	</p>
				4766
				4767	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4768	<h4><a id="quality"></a>-quality <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4769	</div>
				4770
				4771	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4772
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4773	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression). The default is to use the estimate quality of your input image otherwise 92. Use the <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4774
				4775	<p>For the MIFF image format, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				4776
cristy	851dbce	2010-08-06 21:40:00 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4777	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4778
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4779	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). For compression level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst compression. The default PNG compression is 75.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4780
				4781	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</p>
				4782
				4783	<pre class="text">
				4784	0: none
				4785	1: sub
				4786	2: up
				4787	3: average
				4788	4: Paeth
				4789	</pre>
				4790
				4791	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is used.</p>
				4792
				4793	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> is used.</p>
				4794
				4795	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation and adaptive filtering with <em class="arg">minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em> are used.</p>
				4796
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4797	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4798
				4799	<p>For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				4800
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4801	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4802	<h4><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <em class="arg">colorspace</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4803	</div>
				4804
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4805	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>reduce colors using this colorspace.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4806
cristy	3c98a4f	2010-08-13 20:09:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4807	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
				4808	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				4809	href="#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reducion also happens
				4810	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				4811	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4812
				4813
				4814	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4815	<h4><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4816	</div>
				4817
				4818	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4819
				4820	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4821	<h4><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4822	</div>
				4823
				4824	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Blur around the center of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4825
				4826	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				4827	such actually mis-named. </p>
				4828
				4829	<p>The <a href="#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4830	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4831	</p>
				4832
				4833
				4834	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4835	<h4><a id="raise"></a>-raise <em class="arg">thickness</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4836	</div>
				4837
				4838	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Lighten or darken image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4839
				4840	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="#raise">-raise</a> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="#raise">+raise</a>.
				4841	</p>
				4842
				4843	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="#frame">-frame</a> option, <a href="#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
				4844
				4845	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4846	<h4><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <em class="arg">low</em>x<em class="arg">high</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4847	</div>
				4848
				4849	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply a random threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4850
				4851	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4852	<h4><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4853	</div>
				4854
				4855	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the red chromaticity primary point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4856
				4857	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4858	<h4><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4859	</div>
				4860
				4861	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Pay attention to warning messages.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4862
				4863	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4864	<h4><a id="remap"></a>-remap <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4865	</div>
				4866
				4867	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4868
				4869	<p>If the <a href="#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				4870	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				4871	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				4872
				4873	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				4874	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				4875	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				4876	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				4877	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				4878
				4879	<p>Use <a href="#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				4880	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				4881	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				4882	reducing those images using <a href="#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				4883	limit, then <a href="#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				4884	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				4885
				4886	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				4887	href="#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
				4888	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
				4889	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				4890	href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
				4891	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				4892
				4893	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4894	<h4><a id="region"></a>-region <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4895	</div>
				4896
				4897	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4898
				4899	<p>The <em class="arg">x</em> and <em class="arg">y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <a href="#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				4900
				4901	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4902
				4903	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4904	<h4><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4905	</div>
				4906
				4907	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>perform a remote operation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4908
				4909	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				4910
				4911	<p>If you have more than one <a href="../www/display.html">display</a> application running simultaneously, use the <a href="#window"> window</a> option to specify which application to control.</p>
				4912
				4913	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4914	<h4><a id="render"></a>-render</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4915	</div>
				4916
				4917	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>render vector operations.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4918
				4919	<p>Use <a href="#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations. This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				4920
				4921	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4922	<h4><a id="repage"></a>-repage <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4923	</div>
				4924
				4925	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4926
				4927	<p>This option is like <a href="#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				4928	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				4929	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				4930
				4931	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4932
				4933	<p>If a <kbd>!</kbd> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				4934	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				4935	animation sequences. </p>
				4936
				4937	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<kbd>0x0</kbd>' forces it to
				4938	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				4939	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				4940
				4941	<p>Use <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				4942	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				4943
				4944	<p>The <a href="#set">-set</a> '<kbd>page</kbd>' option can be used to
				4945	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				4946
				4947
				4948	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4949	<h4><a id="resample"></a>-resample <em class="arg">horizontal</em>x<em class="arg">vertical</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4950	</div>
				4951
				4952	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4953
				4954	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a href="#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</p>
				4955
				4956	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				4957
				4958	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4959	<h4><a id="resize"></a>-resize <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4960	</div>
				4961
				4962	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Resize an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4963
				4964	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a href="#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				4965
				4966	<p>If the <a href="#filter">-filter</a> option precedes the <a href="#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified filter.</p>
				4967
cristy	1353896	2010-02-26 17:53:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4968	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				4969
cristy	4949d52	2010-03-12 18:41:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4970	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \ <br/> -quality 92 passport.jpg</span></p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4971	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4972	<h4><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4973	</div>
				4974
				4975	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4976
				4977	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4978	<h4><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4979	</div>
				4980
				4981	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4982
				4983
				4984	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4985	<h4><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4986	</div>
				4987
				4988	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4989
				4990	<p>A negative <em class="arg">x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative <em class="arg">y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</p>
				4991
				4992
				4993	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4994	<h4><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <em class="arg">degrees</em>{<em class="arg"><</em>}{<em class="arg">></em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	4995	</div>
				4996
				4997	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				4998
				4999	<p>Use <kbd>></kbd> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height. <kbd><</kbd> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less than the height. For example, if you specify <kbd>-rotate "-90>"</kbd> and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <kbd>></kbd> or <kbd><</kbd>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				5000
				5001	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				5002	filled with the <kbd>background</kbd> color. </p>
				5003
				5004	<p>See also the <a href="#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				5005	'<kbd>ScaleRotateTranslate</kbd>' distort method. </p>
				5006
				5007
				5008	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5009	<h4><a id="sample"></a>-sample <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5010	</div>
				5011
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5012	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5013
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5014	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				5015	image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When minifying,
				5016	pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped over). </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5017
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5018	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5019	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>point</kbd> (nearest
				5020	neighbour), though <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				5021	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				5022	the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5023
				5024	<p>The key feature of the <a href="#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				5025	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				5026
				5027	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				5028	ignored, unlike <a href="#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5029
				5030
				5031	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5032	<h4><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <em class="arg">horizontal-factor</em>x<em class="arg">vertical-factor</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5033	</div>
				5034
				5035	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5036
				5037	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a href="#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2 downsampling method.</p>
				5038
				5039	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5040	<h4><a id="scale"></a>-scale <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5041	</div>
				5042
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5043	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>minify/magnify the image using pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5044
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5045	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				5046	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifing. </p>
				5047
				5048	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="#resize">-resize</a> with
				5049	a <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting of <kbd>box</kbd>. Though it is a lot
				5050	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				5051	completely ignores the current <a href="#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				5052
				5053	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				5054	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels avergaed together to
				5055	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				5056	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				5057	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				5058	light conditions. </p>
				5059
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5060
				5061	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5062	<h4><a id="scene"></a>-scene <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5063	</div>
				5064
				5065	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set scene number.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5066
				5067	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				5068
				5069	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5070	<h4><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5071	</div>
				5072
				5073	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the screen to capture.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5074
				5075	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				5076
				5077	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5078	<h4><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5079	</div>
				5080
				5081	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5082
				5083	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5084	<h4><a id="segment"></a>-segment <em class="arg">cluster-threshold</em>x<em class="arg">smoothing-threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5085	</div>
				5086
				5087	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>segment the colors of an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5088
				5089	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				5090
				5091	<p>Specify <em class="arg">cluster threshold</em> as the number of pixels in each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid. <em class="arg">Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				5092
				5093	<p>If the <a href="#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				5094	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				5095
				5096
				5097	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5098	<h4><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5099	</div>
				5100
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5101	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5102	<h4>-selective-blur <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5103	</div>
				5104
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5105	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5106
cristy	2e2662a	2010-10-09 14:29:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5107	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> or as a percentage.</p>
				5108
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5109	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5110	<h4><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5111	</div>
				5112
				5113	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="#channel">-channel</a>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5114
				5115	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5116	<h4><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5117	</div>
				5118
				5119	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a sepia-toned photo.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5120
				5121	<p>Specify <em class="arg">threshold</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5122
				5123	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable tone.</p>
				5124
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5125
				5126
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5127	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5128	<h4><a id="set"></a>-set <em class="arg">key value</em></h4>
				5129	<h4>+set <em class="arg">key</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5130	</div>
				5131
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5132	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sets image attributes and properties for images in the current
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5133	image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5134
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5135	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				5136	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="#set">+set</a> form of the
				5137	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				5138	appropriate. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5139
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5140	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
				5141	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				5142	href="#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				5143	href="#page" >-page</a>, <a href="#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
				5144	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <em class="arg">key</em> of
				5145	the same name. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5146
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5147	<p>If the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match a specific known
				5148	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5149	'properity' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="#verbose"
				5150	>-verbose</a> information ("<kbd>info:</kbd>" output format) as "Properties".
				5151	</p>
				5152
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5153	<p>This includes string 'properities' that are set by and assigned to images
				5154	using the options <a href="#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="#label"
				5155	>-label</a>, <a href="#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				5156	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent
				5157	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5158
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5159	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png</span><span class='crtout'>identify -format %c rose.png</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose</span></p>
				5160	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format and Print Image
				5161	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				5162
				5163	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \</span><span class='crtout'> -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:</span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23</span></p>
				5164	<p>Other well known 'properities' that can be include:
				5165	'<kbd>date:create</kbd>' and '<kbd>date:modify</kbd>' and
				5166	'<kbd>signature</kbd>'. </p>
				5167
				5168	<p>The <a href="#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				5169	the '<kbd>page</kbd>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				5170	see <a href="#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				5171	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="#set">-set page</a>
				5172	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<kbd>page</kbd>'
				5173	attribute. </p>
				5174
				5175	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				5176	For example,</p>
				5177
				5178	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd</span></p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5179	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				5180	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<kbd>filename:</kbd>" can be used to
				5181	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				5182
				5183	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'</span></p>
				5184	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<kbd>option:</kbd>" the setting will
				5185	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5186	href="#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are globel in scope, they
				5187	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properities' of one specific image,
				5188	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				5189	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				5190
				5191	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \</span><span class='crtout'> label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif</span></p>
				5192	<p>Note that <a href="../www/escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
				5193	a 'artifact' if the given <em class="arg">key</em> does not match an existing
				5194	'attribute' or 'properity'. </p>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5195
				5196	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				5197	with <kbd>registry:</kbd>.</p>
				5198
				5199
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5200
				5201	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5202	<h4><a id="shade"></a>-shade <em class="arg">azimuth</em>x<em class="arg">elevation</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5203	</div>
				5204
				5205	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>shade the image using a distant light source.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5206
				5207	<p>Specify <em class="arg">azimuth</em> and <em class="arg">elevation</em> as the position of the light source. Use <a href="#shade">+shade</a> to return the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				5208
				5209	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5210	<h4><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <em class="arg">percent-opacity</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5211	</div>
				5212
				5213	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate an image shadow.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5214
				5215	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5216	<h4><a
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5217	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h4>
				5218	</div>
				5219
				5220	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>use shared memory.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5221
				5222	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support, and the display must support the <em class="arg">MIT-SHM</em> extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <kbd>True</kbd>.</p>
				5223
				5224	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5225	<h4><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5226	</div>
				5227
				5228	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5229
				5230	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				5231
				5232	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5233	<h4><a id="shave"></a>-shave <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5234	</div>
				5235
				5236	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shave pixels from the image edges.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5237
				5238	<p>The <em class="arg">size</em> portion of the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom. Offsets are ignored.</p>
				5239
				5240	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5241
				5242	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5243	<h4><a id="shear"></a>-shear <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em>[x<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5244	</div>
				5245
				5246	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5247
				5248	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical component.</p>
				5249
				5250	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e., horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears, <em class="arg">Xdegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><90° and to the left when 90°<<em class="arg">Xdegrees</em><180°. For vertical shears <em class="arg">Ydegrees</em> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><90° and up when 90°<<em class="arg">Ydegrees</em><180°.</p>
				5251
				5252	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color defined by the <a href="#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5253
				5254	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not <em>commute</em>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				5255
				5256	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5257	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				5258
				5259	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png</span></p>
				5260	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5261	<h4><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <em class="arg">contrast</em>x<em class="arg">mid-point</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5262	</div>
				5263
				5264	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5265
				5266	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function without saturating highlights or shadows. <em class="arg">Contrast</em> indicates how much to increase the contrast (0 is none; 3 is typical; 20 is a lot); <em class="arg">mid-point</em> indicates where midtones fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is middle-gray; 100% is black). By default the image contrast is increased, use <em class="arg">+sigmoidal-contrast</em> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				5267
				5268	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5269	<h4><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5270	</div>
				5271
				5272	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>operate silently.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5273
				5274	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5275	<h4><a id="size"></a>-size <em class="arg">width</em>[x<em class="arg">height</em>][<em class="arg">+offset</em>]</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5276	</div>
				5277
				5278	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the width and height of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5279
				5280	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose dimensions are unknown such as <kbd>GRAY</kbd>, <kbd>RGB</kbd>, or <kbd>CMYK</kbd>. In addition to width and height, use <a href="#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number of colors in a <kbd>MAP</kbd> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</p>
				5281
				5282	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				5283
				5284	<pre class="text">
				5285	192x128
				5286	384x256
				5287	768x512
				5288	1536x1024
				5289	3072x2048
				5290	</pre>
				5291
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5292	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5293	<h4><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-sketch <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>+<em class="arg">angle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5294	</div>
				5295
				5296	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>simulate a pencil sketch.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5297
				5298	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5299
				5300	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5301	<h4><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5302	</div>
				5303
				5304	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the number of screen snapshots.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/import.html">import</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5305
				5306	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				5307
				5308	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5309	<h4><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <em class="arg">threshold</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5310	</div>
				5311
				5312	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>negate all pixels above the threshold level.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5313
				5314	<p>Specify <em class="arg">factor</em> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				5315
				5316	<p>This option produces a <em class="arg">solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				5317
				5318	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5319	<h4><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5320	class="arg">method</em> '<em class="arg">x</em>,<em class="arg">y</em> <em class="arg">color</em> ...'</h4>
				5321	</div>
				5322
				5323	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5324
				5325
				5326	<table class="doc">
				5327	<tbody>
				5328	<tr valign="top">
				5329	<th align="left" style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5330	<th align="left">Description</th>
				5331	</tr>
				5332
				5333	<tr valign="top">
				5334	<td valign="top">voronoi</td>
				5335	<td valign="top">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				5336	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </td>
				5337	</tr>
				5338
				5339	<tr valign="top">
				5340	<td valign="top">shepards</td>
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5341	<td valign="top">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5342	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				5343	colors. </td>
				5344	</tr>
				5345
				5346	<tr valign="top">
				5347	<td valign="top">barycentric</td>
				5348	<td valign="top">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				5349	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				5350	Gradient is however not restricted to just the triangle or line. </td>
				5351	</tr>
				5352
				5353	<tr valign="top">
				5354	<td valign="top">bilinear</td>
				5355	<td valign="top">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				5356	fall back to barycentric. </td>
				5357	</tr>
				5358
				5359	</tbody>
				5360	</table>
				5361
				5362	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
				5363	canvas (<a href="#page" >-page</a> or <a href="#repage" >-repage</a>
				5364	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				5365	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				5366	</p>
				5367
				5368	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="#channel" >-channel</a> are
				5369	modified, whcih means the matte/alpha transparency channel is not effected by
				5370	default. If enabled, the image also needs a the matte/alpha channel to be
				5371	enabled for this operator to effect an images transparency. This is typical
				5372	transparency handling for images. </p>
				5373
				5374	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				5375	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				5376	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor a image to some
				5377	default value. </p>
				5378
				5379
				5380	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5381	<h4><a id="splice"></a>-splice <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5382	</div>
				5383
				5384	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Splice the current background color into the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5385
				5386	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. See <a href="#background">-background</a> to reset the background color.</p>
				5387
				5388	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5389	<h4><a id="spread"></a>-spread <em class="arg">amount</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5390	</div>
				5391
				5392	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>displace image pixels by a random amount.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5393
				5394	<p>The argument <em class="arg">amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to swap.</p>
				5395
				5396	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5397	<h4><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <em class="arg">offset</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5398	</div>
				5399
				5400	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>hide watermark within an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5401
				5402	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				5403
				5404	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5405	<h4><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <em class="arg">+x</em>{<em class="arg">+y</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5406	</div>
				5407
				5408	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5409
				5410	<p>The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				5411
				5412	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5413	<h4><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5414	</div>
				5415
				5416	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5417
				5418	<pre class="text">
				5419	char store pixels as unsigned characters
				5420	double store pixels as doubles
				5421	float store pixels as floats
				5422	integer store pixels as integers
				5423	long store pixels as longs
				5424	quantum store pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution
				5425	short store pixels as unsigned shorts
				5426	</pre>
				5427
				5428	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				5429	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				5430
				5431	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5432	<h4><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <em class="arg">fontStretch</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5433	</div>
				5434
				5435	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5436
				5437	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStretch</em> from the following.</p>
				5438
				5439	<pre class="text">
				5440	Any
				5441	Condensed
				5442	Expanded
				5443	ExtraCondensed
				5444	ExtraExpanded
				5445	Normal
				5446	SemiCondensed
				5447	SemiExpanded
				5448	UltraCondensed
				5449	UltraExpanded
				5450	</pre>
				5451
				5452	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="#list">-list stretch</a>.</p>
				5453
				5454	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#style">-style</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5455
				5456	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5457	<h4><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5458	</div>
				5459
				5460	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>strip the image of any profiles or comments.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5461
				5462	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5463	<h4><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5464	</div>
				5465
				5466	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5467
				5468	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5469
				5470	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5471
				5472	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5473	<h4><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5474	</div>
				5475
				5476	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the stroke width.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5477
				5478	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5479
				5480	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5481	<h4><a id="style"></a>-style <em class="arg">fontStyle</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5482	</div>
				5483
				5484	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font style for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5485
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5486	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				5487	the currently selected font family. Select <em class="arg">fontStyle</em> from
				5488	the following.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5489
				5490	<pre class="text">
				5491	Any
				5492	Italic
				5493	Normal
				5494	Oblique
				5495	</pre>
				5496
				5497	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
				5498
				5499	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5500	<h4><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h4>
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5501	</div>
				5502
cristy	d4d64ed	2010-08-22 22:19:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5503	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>search for subimage.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/compare.html">compare</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5504
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5505	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				5506	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5507	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5508	be the "match score" image.</p>
				5509
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5510	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5511	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				5512	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				5513	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				5514	reported. Note that this may or may nor be a perfect match, and the actual
				5515	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5516	possible matching loctions. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5517
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5518	<p>Note that the search will try to compare teh sub-image at every possible
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5519	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
cristy	d0bd44a	2010-09-24 12:38:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5520	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5521
cristy	ae6203d	2010-08-09 01:12:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5522
				5523	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5524	<h4><a id="swap"></a>-swap <em class="arg">index,index</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5525	</div>
				5526
				5527	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5528
cristy	71a3f60	2010-09-15 12:38:16 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5529	<p>For example, <a href="#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				5530	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				5531	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5532
				5533	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5534	<h4><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <em class="arg">degrees</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5535	</div>
				5536
				5537	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>swirl image pixels about the center.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5538
				5539	<p><em class="arg">Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				5540
				5541	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5542	<h4><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h4>
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5543	</div>
				5544
				5545	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>synchronize image to storage device.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5546
				5547	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5548	<h4><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5549	</div>
				5550
cristy	5063d81	2010-10-19 16:28:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5551	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mark the image as modified.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5552
				5553	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5554	<h4><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <em class="arg">name</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5555	</div>
				5556
				5557	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>font for writing fixed-width text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5558
				5559	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style) formatted text. The default is 14 point <em class="arg">Courier</em>.</p>
				5560
				5561	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or OPTION1 font. For example, <kbd>Courier.ttf</kbd> is a TrueType font and <kbd>x:fixed</kbd> is OPTION1.</p>
				5562
				5563	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5564	<h4><a id="texture"></a>-texture <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5565	</div>
				5566
				5567	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>name of texture to tile onto the image background.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5568
				5569	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5570	<h4><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5571	</div>
				5572
				5573	<!-- {<em class="arg">green,blue,opacity</em>}
				5574	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				5575	-->
				5576
				5577	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5578
				5579	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				5580
				5581	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer, the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the <kbd>quantum depth</kbd> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as a percentage.
				5582	</p>
				5583
				5584	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100% red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged. </p>
				5585
				5586	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png</span></p>
				5587	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the input image.</p>
				5588
				5589
				5590	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png</span><span class='crtout'></span><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png</span></p>
				5591	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5592	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5593
				5594	<p> See also <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
				5595	</p>
				5596
				5597	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5598	<h4><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5599	</div>
				5600
				5601	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Create a thumbnail of the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5602
				5603	<p>This is similar to <a href="#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a href="#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
				5604
				5605	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5606
				5607	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5608	<h4><a id="tile"></a>-tile <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5609	</div>
				5610
				5611	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5612
				5613	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5614	<h4>-tile <em class="arg">geometry</em></h4>
				5615	</div>
				5616
				5617	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the layout of images .</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5618
				5619	<p>See <a href="../www/command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5620
				5621	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5622	<h4>-tile</h4>
				5623	</div>
				5624
				5625	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5626
				5627	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5628	<h4><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5629	</div>
				5630
				5631	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5632
				5633	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="#tile" >-tile</a> or <a href="#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for creating a tiled canvas using <kbd>TILE:</kbd> or <kbd>PATTERN:</kbd> input formats. </p>
				5634
				5635	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				5636
				5637	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5638	<h4><a id="tint"></a>-tint <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5639	</div>
				5640
				5641	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Tint the image with the fill color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5642
				5643	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				5644
				5645	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black, white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such as the various shades of grey.</p>
				5646
				5647	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5648	<h4><a id="title"></a>-title <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5649	</div>
				5650
				5651	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Assign a title to displayed image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>, <a href="../www/montage.html">montage</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5652
				5653	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described under the <a href="#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				5654
				5655	<p>For example,</p>
				5656
				5657	<p class="crtsnip">
				5658	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				5659	</p>
				5660
				5661	<p>produces an image title of <kbd>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</kbd> for an image titled <kbd>bird.miff</kbd> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				5662
				5663
				5664	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5665	<h4><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5666	</div>
				5667
				5668	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>transform the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5669
				5670	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				5671
				5672	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg</span></p>
cristy	83a272e	2010-05-07 20:40:35 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5673
				5674	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				5675	href="#distort">-distort</a> '<kbd>AffineProjection</kbd>' method. </p>
				5676
				5677
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5678	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5679	<h4><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5680	</div>
				5681
				5682	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make this color transparent within the image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5683
				5684	<p>The <em class="arg">color</em> argument is defined using the format
				5685	described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="#fuzz"
				5686	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
				5687	given. </p>
				5688
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5689	<p>Use <a href="#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
				5690	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				5691
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5692	<p>The <a href="#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5693	href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
				5694	current <a href="#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
				5695	However the <a href="#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				5696	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<kbd><a href="#alpha"
				5697	>-alpha</a> set</kbd>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				5698	href="#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5699
cristy	b36feb2	2010-03-26 16:54:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5700	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
				5701	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				5702	href="#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5703
				5704
				5705	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5706	<h4><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5707	</div>
				5708
				5709	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set the transparent color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5710
				5711	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				5712	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				5713	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
				5714	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				5715	href="#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
				5716
				5717	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				5718	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				5719	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				5720	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				5721	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				5722	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				5723	type. </p>
				5724
				5725	<p>The default transparent color is <kbd>#00000000</kbd>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				5726
				5727	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5728	<h4><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5729	</div>
				5730
				5731	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5732
				5733	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <kbd>-flip -rotate 90</kbd>.
				5734	</p>
				5735
				5736	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5737	<h4><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5738	</div>
				5739
				5740	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <kbd>-flop -rotate 90</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5741
				5742
				5743	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5744	<h4><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <em class="arg">value</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5745	</div>
				5746
				5747	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5748
				5749	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				5750
				5751	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to the <a href="../www/quantize.html">color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				5752
				5753	<p>The <a href="#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="#monochrome">-monochrome</a> option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to take effect.</p>
				5754
				5755	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5756	<h4><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5757	</div>
				5758
				5759	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>trim an image.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5760
				5761	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner pixels. Use <a href="#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="#trim">-trim</a> remove edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				5762
				5763	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				5764	you to extract the result of the <a href="#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				5765	image. Use a <a href="#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				5766	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				5767
				5768	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				5769	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				5770	<a href="#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				5771
				5772
				5773	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5774	<h4><a id="type"></a>-type <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5775	</div>
				5776
				5777	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the image type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	efb2bdb	2010-11-20 19:35:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5778	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Bilevel</kbd>, <kbd>Grayscale</kbd>, <kbd>GrayscaleMatte</kbd>, <kbd>Palette</kbd>, <kbd>PaletteMatte</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColor</kbd>, <kbd>TrueColorMatte</kbd>, <kbd>ColorSeparation</kbd>, or <kbd>ColorSeparationMatte</kbd>.</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5779
				5780	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a href="#type">-type</a> option can be used to overrride this behavior. For example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				5781
				5782	<p class='crt'><span class="crtprompt"> $magick> </span><span class='crtin'>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg</span></p>
				5783	<p>Similarly, use <a href="#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output format supports transparency.</p>
				5784
				5785	<p>Use <a href="#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				5786
				5787	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5788	<h4><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <em class="arg">color</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5789	</div>
				5790
				5791	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>set the color of the annotation bounding box.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5792
				5793	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5794
				5795	<p>See <a href="#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				5796
				5797
				5798	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5799	<h4><a id="update"></a>-update <em class="arg">seconds</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5800	</div>
				5801
				5802	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5803
				5804	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently displayed is over-written. <kbd>display</kbd> will automagically detect that the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</p>
				5805
				5806
				5807	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5808	<h4><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5809	</div>
				5810
				5811	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>discard all but one of any pixel color.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5812
				5813
				5814	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5815	<h4><a id="units"></a>-units <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5816	</div>
				5817
				5818	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>the units of image resolution.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5819
				5820	<p>Choose from: <kbd>Undefined</kbd>, <kbd>PixelsPerInch</kbd>, or <kbd>PixelsPerCentimeter</kbd>. This option is normally used in conjunction with the <a href="#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				5821
				5822
				5823	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5824	<h4><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em><br />-unsharp <em class="arg">radius</em>x<em class="arg">sigma</em>{<em class="arg">+amount</em>}{<em class="arg">+threshold</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5825	</div>
				5826
				5827	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5828
				5829	<p>The <a href="#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				5830
				5831	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				5832
				5833	<pre class="text">
				5834	radius: The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center
				5835	pixel (default 0).
				5836	sigma: The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
				5837	amount: The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur
				5838	image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).
				5839	threshold: The threshold, as a fraction of <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>, needed to apply the
				5840	difference amount (default 0.05).
				5841	</pre>
				5842
				5843
				5844	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5845	<h4><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5846	</div>
				5847
cristy	d0bda5e	2010-09-21 16:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5848	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="#identify">-identify</a> option or <kbd>info:</kbd>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5849
				5850
				5851	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5852	<h4><a id="version"></a>-version</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5853	</div>
				5854
				5855	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>print ImageMagick version string and exit.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5856
				5857
				5858	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5859	<h4><a id="view"></a>-view <em class="arg">string</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5860	</div>
				5861
				5862	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>FlashPix viewing parameters.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5863
				5864
				5865	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5866	<h4><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <em class="arg">radius</em>{x<em class="arg">sigma</em>}{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">x</em>{<em class="arg">+-</em>}<em class="arg">y</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5867	</div>
				5868
				5869	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5870
				5871
				5872	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5873	<h4><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <em class="arg">method</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5874	</div>
				5875
				5876	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Specify contents of <em>virtual pixels</em>.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5877
				5878	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				5879	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				5880	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				5881	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				5882
				5883	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				5884
				5885	<pre class="text">
				5886	background: the area surrounding the image is the background color
				5887	black: the area surrounding the image is black
				5888	checker-tile: alternate squares with image and background color
				5889	dither: non-random 32x32 dithered pattern
				5890	edge: extend the edge pixel toward infinity
				5891	gray: the area surrounding the image is gray
				5892	horizontal-tile: horizontally tile the image, background color above/below
				5893	horizontal-tile-edge: horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5894	mirror: mirror tile the image
				5895	random: choose a random pixel from the image
				5896	tile: tile the image (default)
				5897	transparent: the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness
				5898	vertical-tile: vertically tile the image, sides are background color
				5899	vertical-tile-edge: vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels
				5900	white: the area surrounding the image is white
				5901	</pre>
				5902
				5903	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				5904
				5905	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="#distort"
				5906	>-distort</a>, <a href="#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="#fx" >-fx</a>.
				5907	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
				5908	image proper, such as <a href="#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				5909	href="#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
				5910
				5911	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a href="#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
				5912
				5913
				5914	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5915	<h4><a id="visual"></a>-visual <em class="arg">type</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5916	</div>
				5917
				5918	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Animate images using this X visual type.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5919
				5920	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				5921
				5922	<pre class="text">
				5923	StaticGray
				5924	GrayScale
				5925	StaticColor
				5926	PseudoColor
				5927	TrueColor
				5928	DirectColor
				5929	default
				5930	visual id
				5931	</pre>
				5932
				5933	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs. If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				5934
				5935
				5936	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5937	<h4><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <em
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5938	class="arg">brightness</em>x<em class="arg">saturation</em></h4>
				5939	</div>
				5940
				5941	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and
				5942	saturation.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/composite.html">composite</a>]</td></tr></table>
				5943
				5944	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				5945	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the <em
				5946	class="arg">brightness</em> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				5947	attribute is just direct modified by the <em class="arg">saturation</em>
				5948	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				5949
				5950
				5951	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5952	<h4><a id="wave"></a>-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em><br />-wave <em class="arg">amplitude</em>x<em class="arg">wavelength</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5953	</div>
				5954
				5955	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5956
				5957	<p>Specify <em class="arg">amplitude</em> and <em class="arg">wavelength</em> of the wave.</p>
				5958
				5959	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5960	<h4><a id="weight"></a>-weight <em class="arg">fontWeight</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5961	</div>
				5962
				5963	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Set a font weight for text.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5964
				5965	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> or select from the following.</p>
				5966
				5967	<table class="doc">
				5968	<col width="25%" />
				5969	<col width="75%" />
				5970	<thead>
				5971	<tr>
				5972	<th><em class="arg">fontWeight</em></th>
				5973	<th>Description</th>
				5974	</tr>
				5975	</thead>
				5976	<tbody>
				5977	<tr><td>All </td> <td>No effect. </td></tr>
				5978	<tr><td>Bold </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 700.</td></tr>
				5979	<tr><td>Bolder </td> <td>Add 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 800.</td></tr>
				5980	<tr><td>Lighter </td> <td>Subtract 100 to font weight if currently ≤ 100.</td></tr>
				5981	<tr><td>Normal </td> <td>Same as <em class="arg">fontWeight</em> = 400.</td></tr>
				5982	</tbody>
				5983	</table>
				5984
				5985	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				5986
				5987	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a href="#font">-font</a>, <a href="#family">-family</a>, <a href="#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="#style">-style</a>. </p>
				5988
				5989	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5990	<h4><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <em class="arg">x,y</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5991	</div>
				5992
				5993	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>chromaticity white point.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				5994
				5995	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5996	<h4><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <em class="arg">value</em>{<em class="arg">%</em>}</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5997	</div>
				5998
cristy	5cadd61	2009-09-21 19:33:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5999	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6000
				6001	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer value within [0, <em class="QR">QuantumRange</em>] corresponding to the desired <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> for more details on thresholds and resulting values.
				6002	</p>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6003
				6004	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6005	<h4><a id="window"></a>-window <em class="arg">id</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6006	</div>
				6007
				6008	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>Make the image the background of a window.</td><td style='text-align:right;'>[<a href="../www/animate.html">animate</a>, <a href="../www/display.html">display</a>]</td></tr></table>
				6009
				6010	<p><em class="arg">id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <kbd>root</kbd> to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				6011
				6012	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If <kbd>backdrop</kbd> or <a href="#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <kbd>X RESOURCES</kbd> for details.</p>
				6013
				6014	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a href="#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
				6015
				6016	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6017	<h4><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6018	</div>
				6019
				6020	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>specify the window group.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6021
				6022	<div style="margin: auto;">
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6023	<h4><a id="write"></a>-write <em class="arg">filename</em></h4>
cristy	3ed852e	2009-09-05 21:47:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6024	</div>
				6025
				6026	<table style='background-color:#FFFFE0; margin-left:40px; margin-right:40px; width:88%'><tr><td style='width:75%'>write an image sequence.</td><td style='text-align:right;'></td></tr></table>
				6027	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="#write">-write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="#write">+write</a> <em class="arg">filename</em> option.</p>
				6028
				6029	<p>Use <a href="#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
cristy	dcca3fa	2010-12-29 21:50:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6030	</div>
				6031	</div>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6032
				6033	</div>
				6034
				6035	<div id="linkbar">
cristy	ce69bb0	2010-07-27 19:49:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6036	<span id="linkbar-west"> </span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6037	<span id="linkbar-center">
				6038	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/discourse-server/">Discourse Server</a> •
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6039	<a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/MagickStudio/scripts/MagickStudio.cgi">Studio</a>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6040	</span>
				6041	<span id="linkbar-east"> </span>
				6042	</div>
				6043	<div class="footer">
cristy	7e41fe8	2010-12-04 23:12:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6044	<span id="footer-west">© 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC</span>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6045	<span id="footer-east"> <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact the Wizards</a></span>
				6046	</div>
				6047	<div style="clear: both; margin: 0; width: 100%; "></div>
cristy	a890294	2010-07-30 00:49:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6048	<script type="text/javascript">
				6049	var _gaq = _gaq \|\| [];
				6050	_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-17690367-1']);
				6051	_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
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				6054	var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
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				6056	var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
				6057	})();
				6058	</script>
cristy	3eaa0ef	2010-03-06 20:35:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6059	</body>
				6060	</html>