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href="command-line-options.html#shared-memory">‑shared‑memory</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">‑sharpen</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">‑shave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#shear">‑shear</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sigmoidal-contrast">‑sigmoidal‑contrast</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#silent">‑silent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#similarity-threshold">‑similarity‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#size">‑size</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sketch">‑sketch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#smush">‑smush</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#snaps">‑snaps</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#solarize">‑solarize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color">‑sparse‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">‑splice</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#spread">‑spread</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic">‑statistic</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stegano">‑stegano</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stereo">‑stereo</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#storage-type">‑storage‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">‑stretch</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">‑strip</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">‑stroke</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">‑strokewidth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#style">‑style</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#subimage-search">‑subimage‑search</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">‑swap</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#swirl">‑swirl</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#synchronize">‑synchronize</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#taint">‑taint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#text-font">‑text‑font</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#texture">‑texture</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#thumbnail">‑thumbnail</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile">‑tile</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tile-offset">‑tile‑offset</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#tint">‑tint</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#title">‑title</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">‑transform</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">‑transparent</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color">‑transparent‑color</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transpose">‑transpose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#transverse">‑transverse</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#treedepth">‑treedepth</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">‑trim</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#type">‑type</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#undercolor">‑undercolor</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unique-colors">‑unique‑colors</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#units">‑units</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">‑unsharp</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#update">‑update</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">‑verbose</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#version">‑version</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#view">‑view</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#vignette">‑vignette</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">‑virtual‑pixel</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">‑visual</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#watermark">‑watermark</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wave">‑wave</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#wavelet-denoise">‑wavelet‑denoise</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">‑weight</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-point">‑white‑point</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window">‑window</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#window-group">‑window‑group</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write">‑write</a> • <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">‑write‑mask</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	61	<p class="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a href="command-line-tools.html">command-line tools</a>. If you want a description of a particular option, click on the option name in the navigation bar above and you will go right to it. Unless otherwise noted, each option is recognized by the commands: <a href="convert.html">convert</a> and <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.</p>
				62
				63	<div style="margin: auto;">
				64	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				65	</div>
				66
				67	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
				68
				69	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				70	defaults to 1.</p>
				71
				72	<div style="margin: auto;">
				73	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				74	</div>
				75
				76	<p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
				77
				78	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-resize">-adaptive-resize</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	79	option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
				80	href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
				81	Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and the <a
				82	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	83
				84	<div style="margin: auto;">
				85	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</h3>
				86	</div>
				87
				88	<p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
				89
				90	<p>A Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				91	(<var>sigma</var>) is used. If <var>sigma</var> is not given it
				92	defaults to 1.</p>
				93
				94	<div style="margin: auto;">
				95	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
				96	</div>
				97
				98	<p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
				99
				100	<p>This option is enabled by default. An attempt is made to save all images of
				101	an image sequence into the given output file. However, some formats, such as
				102	JPEG and PNG, do not support more than one image per file, and in that case
				103	ImageMagick is forced to write each image as a separate file. As such, if
				104	more than one image needs to be written, the filename given is modified by
				105	adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
				106	make distinct names for each image. </p>
				107
				108	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
				109	separate files, whether or not the file format allows multiple images per file
				110	(for example, GIF, MIFF, and TIFF). </p>
				111
				112	<p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
				113	automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
				114	where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. These
				115	strings, such as '<code>%d</code>' or '<code>%03d</code>', are familiar to those
				116	who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
				117	example, the command</p>
				118
				119	<pre>
				120	convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
				121	</pre>
				122
				123	<p>will create a sequence of 17 images (the two given plus 15 more created by
				124	<a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
				125	my02morph.jpg, ..., my16morph.jpg. </p>
				126
				127	<p>In summary, ImageMagick tries to write all images to one file, but will
				128	save to multiple files, if any of the following conditions exist...</p>
				129	<ol>
				130	<li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
				131	<li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
				132	<li>a printf() integer format string (eg: "%d") is present in the output
				133	filename.</li>
				134	</ol>
				135
				136
				137	<div style="margin: auto;">
				138	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="affine"></a>-affine
				139	<var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>r<sub>y</sub></var>,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>[,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>]</h3>
				140	</div>
				141
				142	<p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scaling.</p>
				143
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	144	<p>This option sets a transformation matrix, for use by subsequent <a
				145	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a> options. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	146
				147	<p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
				148	quotes or without spaces. </p>
				149
				150	<p>Internally, the transformation matrix has 3x3 elements, but three of them
				151	are omitted from the input because they are constant. The new (transformed)
				152	coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at
				153	position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the original
				154	image are calculated using the following matrix equation.</p>
				155
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	156	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affine.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	157
				158	<p> The size of the resulting image is that of the smallest rectangle that
				159	contains the transformed source image. The parameters
				160	<var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				161	subsequently shift the image pixels so that those that are moved out of the
				162	image area are cut off.</p>
				163
				164	<p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
				165	system: positive <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions
				166	are rightward and downward, resp.; positive rotation is clockwise.</p>
				167
				168	<p> If the translation coefficients <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and
				169	<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted they default to 0,0. Therefore,
				170	four parameters suffice for rotation and scaling without translation.</p>
				171
				172	<p>Scaling by the factors <var>s<sub>x</sub></var> and
				173	<var>s<sub>y</sub></var> in the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> directions,
				174	respectively, is accomplished with the following.</p>
				175
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	176	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
				177	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	178	information </p>
				179
				180
				181	<pre>
				182	-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
				183	</pre>
				184
				185	<p>Translation by a displacement (<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>, <var>t<sub>y</sub></var>) is accomplished like so:</p>
				186
				187	<pre>
				188	-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
				189	</pre>
				190
				191	<p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
				192	<var>a</var> by letting <var>c</var> = cos(<var>a</var>), <var>s</var>
				193	= sin(<var>a</var>), and using the following.</p>
				194
				195	<pre>
				196	-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
				197	</pre>
				198
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	199	<p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
				200	transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affine"
				201	>-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	202	of the individual transformations.</p>
				203
				204	<p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
				205	matrix determinant has a sufficiently small absolute value it is rejected.</p>
				206
				207	<div style="margin: auto;">
				208	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
				209	</div>
				210
				211	<p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
				212
				213	<p>Used to set a flag on an image indicating whether or not to use existing alpha
				214	channel data, to create an alpha channel, or to perform other operations on the alpha channel. Choose the argument <var>type</var> from the list below.</p>
				215
				216	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				217	<dt>Activate</dt>
				218	<dd>
				219	Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
				220	should be used instead of this, unless you specifically need to
				221	preserve existing (but specifically turned Off) transparency
				222	channel. </dd>
				223
				224	<dt>Associate</dt>
				225	<dd>
				226	associate the alpha channel with the image.</dd>
				227
				228	<dt>Deactivate</dt>
				229	<dd>
				230	Disables the image's transparency channel. Does not delete or change the
				231	existing data, just turns off the use of that data.</dd>
				232
				233	<dt>Disassociate</dt>
				234	<dd>
				235	disassociate the alpha channel from the image.</dd>
				236
				237	<dt>Set</dt>
				238	<dd>
				239	Activates the alpha/matte channel. If it was previously turned off
				240	then it also resets the channel to opaque. If the image already had
				241	the alpha channel turned on, it will have no effect.</dd>
				242
				243	<dt>Opaque</dt>
				244	<dd>
				245	Enables the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully opaque.
				246	</dd>
				247
				248	<dt>Transparent</dt>
				249	<dd>
				250	Activates the alpha/matte channel and forces it to be fully
				251	transparent. This effectively creates a fully transparent image the
				252	same size as the original and with all its original RGB data still
				253	intact, but fully transparent. </dd>
				254
				255	<dt>Extract</dt>
				256	<dd>
				257	Copies the alpha channel values into all the color channels and turns
				258	'Off' the the image's transparency, so as to generate
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	259	a grayscale mask of the image's shape. The alpha channel data is left
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	260	intact just deactivated. This is the inverse of 'Copy'.
				261	</dd>
				262
				263	<dt>Copy</dt>
				264	<dd>
				265	Turns 'On' the alpha/matte channel, then copies the
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	266	grayscale intensity of the image, into the alpha channel, converting
				267	a grayscale mask into a transparent shaped mask ready to be colored
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	268	appropriately. The color channels are not modified. </dd>
				269
				270	<dt>Shape</dt>
				271	<dd>
				272	As per 'Copy' but also colors the resulting shape mask with
				273	the current background color. That is the RGB color channels is
				274	replaced, with appropriate alpha shape.
				275	</dd>
				276
				277	<dt>Remove</dt>
				278	<dd>
				279	Composite the image over the background color.
				280	</dd>
				281
				282	<dt>Background</dt>
				283	<dd>
				284	Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
				285	it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
				286	PNG, smaller as the RGB values of transparent pixels are more uniform,
				287	and thus can compress better.
				288	</dd>
				289	</dl>
				290
				291	<p>Note that while the obsolete <code>+matte</code> operation was the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	292	same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
				293	>-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a>
				294	Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	295
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	296	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	297	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="annotate"></a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	298	-annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
				299	-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate {+-}<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>{+-}<var>t<sub>y</sub></var> <var>text</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	300	</div>
				301
				302	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
				303
				304	<p>This is a convenience for annotating an image with text. For more precise
				305	control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
				306
				307
				308	<p>The values <var>Xdegrees</var> and <var>Ydegrees</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	309	control the shears applied to the text, while <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are offsets that give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> setting and defaults to the upper left corner of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	310
				311	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
				312	or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var> produces an unsheared rotation of the text. The
				313	direction of the rotation is positive, which means a clockwise rotation if <var>degrees</var> is positive. (This conforms to the usual mathematical
				314	convention once it is realized that the positive <var>y</var>–direction is
				315	conventionally considered to be <var>downward</var> for images.)</p>
				316
				317	<p>The new (transformed) coordinates (<var>x'</var>, <var>y'</var>) of a pixel at position (<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>) in the image are calculated using the following matrix
				318	equation.</p>
				319
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	320	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/annotate.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	321
				322	<p>If <var>t<sub>x</sub></var> and <var>t<sub>y</sub></var> are omitted, they default to 0. This makes the
				323	bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	324	probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	325	case leads to nice results.</p>
				326
				327	<p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
				328	is of the form '@mytext.txt', the text is read from the file
				329	<code>mytext.txt</code>. Text in a file is taken literally; no embedded
				330	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				331
				332	<div style="margin: auto;">
				333	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
				334	</div>
				335
				336	<p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing fonts and lines.</p>
				337
				338	<p>By default, objects (e.g. text, lines, polygons, etc.) are antialiased when
				339	drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
				340	antialiasing edge pixels. This will then reduce the number of colors added to
				341	an image to just the colors being directly drawn. That is, no mixed colors
				342	are added when drawing such objects. </p>
				343
				344	<div style="margin: auto;">
				345	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="append"></a>-append</h3>
				346	</div>
				347
				348	<p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
				349
				350	<p>This option creates a single longer image, by joining all the current
				351	images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
				352	stack images left-to-right. </p>
				353
				354	<p>If they are not of the same width, narrower images are padded with the
				355	current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	356	position relative to each other can be controlled by the current <a
				357	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	358
				359
				360	<div style="margin: auto;">
				361	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
				362	</div>
				363
				364	<p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
				365
				366	<p>If unset the value is equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition</p>
				367
				368	<div style="margin: auto;">
				369	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
				370	</div>
				371
				372	<p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
				373
				374	<p>Use this option to supply a <var>password</var> for decrypting
				375	a PDF that has been encrypted using Microsoft Crypto API (MSC API). The
				376	encrypting using the MSC API is not supported.</p>
				377
				378	<p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
				379	and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
				380
				381
				382	<div style="margin: auto;">
				383	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
				384	</div>
				385
				386	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
				387
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	388	<p>This calculates the mean values of an image, then applies a calculated <a
				389	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that is the mean color exists in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	390	image it will get a have a value of 50%. </p>
				391
				392	<p>This means that any solid 'gray' image becomes 50% gray. </p>
				393
				394	<p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
				395	light areas, but tend to fail for images with large amounts of bright sky or
				396	dark shadows. It also does not work well for diagrams or cartoon like images.
				397	</p>
				398
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	399	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	400	'<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine which color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	401	values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				402	>-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	403	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors. </p>
				404
				405
				406
				407	<div style="margin: auto;">
				408	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
				409	</div>
				410
				411	<p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
				412
				413	<p>This is a 'perfect' image normalization operator. It finds the exact
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	414	minimum and maximum color values in the image and then applies a <a
				415	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	416	values. </p>
				417
				418	<p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
				419	JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	420	for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	421	right operator to use for color stretching gradient images being used to
				422	generate Color lookup tables, distortion maps, or other 'mathematically'
				423	defined images. </p>
				424
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	425	<p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>, <a
				426	href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch"
				427	>-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
				428	problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
				429	>-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	430
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	431	<p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	432	special '<var>sync</var>' flag for channel synchronization), to determine
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	433	which color values are used and modified. As the default <a
				434	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	435	'<var>sync</var>' ensures that the color channels will are modified
				436	together by the same gamma value, preserving colors, and ignoring
				437	transparency. </p>
				438
				439
				440	<div style="margin: auto;">
				441	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
				442	</div>
				443
				444	<p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e. top-left orientation).</p>
				445
				446	<p>This operator reads and resets the EXIF image profile setting 'Orientation'
				447	and then performs the appropriate 90 degree rotation on the image to orient
				448	the image, for correct viewing. </p>
				449
				450	<p>This EXIF profile setting is usually set using a gravity sensor in digital
				451	camera, however photos taken directly downward or upward may not have an
				452	appropriate value. Also images that have been orientation 'corrected' without
				453	reseting this setting, may be 'corrected' again resulting in a incorrect
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	454	result. If the EXIF profile was previously stripped, the <a
				455	href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	456
				457
				458	<div style="margin: auto;">
				459	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="average"></a>-average</h3>
				460	</div>
				461
				462	<p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
				463
				464	<p>An error results if the images are not identically sized.</p>
				465
				466
				467	<div style="margin: auto;">
				468	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
				469	</div>
				470
				471	<p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
				472
				473	<p>This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
				474	other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop is
				475	specified as the background color. The color is specified using the format
				476	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				477
				478	<div style="margin: auto;">
				479	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
				480	</div>
				481
				482	<p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
				483
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	484	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				485	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	486	specified or found in the image) is white.</p>
				487
				488	<div style="margin: auto;">
				489	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
				490	</div>
				491
				492	<p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
				493
				494	<p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time and elapsed time. For instance,
				495	consider the following command and its output. Modify the benchmark with the
				496	-duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
				497	to run the benchmark in parallel (requires the OpenMP feature).</p>
				498
				499	<pre>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	500	-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
				501	Performance[1]: 5i 1.344ips 1.000e 3.710u 0:03.720
				502	Performance[2]: 5i 1.634ips 0.549e 3.890u 0:03.060
				503	Performance[3]: 5i 2.174ips 0.618e 3.190u 0:02.300
				504	Performance[4]: 5i 1.678ips 0.555e 3.810u 0:02.980
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	505	Performance[4]: 5i 0.875657ips 6.880u 0:05.710
				506	</pre>
				507
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	508	<p>In this example, 5 iterations were completed at 2.174 iterations per
				509	second, using 3 threads and 3.190 seconds of the user allotted time, for
				510	a total elapsed time of 2.300 seconds.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	511
				512	<div style="margin: auto;">
				513	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				514	</div>
				515
				516	<p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
				517
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	518	<p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	519	positive and negative results are relative to the specified bias value. </p>
				520
				521	<p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
				522	with convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				523	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				524	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values are clipped at
				525	zero.</p>
				526
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	527	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	528	negative results without clipping to the color value range
				529	(0..QuantumRange).</p>
				530
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	531	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				532	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				533	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	534	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	535	<a
				536	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	537	entry. </p>
				538
				539	<div style="margin: auto;">
				540	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
				541	</div>
				542
				543	<p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
				544
				545	<div style="margin: auto;">
				546	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				547	</div>
				548
				549	<p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixels at or above the threshold unchanged.</p>
				550
				551	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				552	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	553	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	554
				555
				556	<div style="margin: auto;">
				557	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
				558	</div>
				559
				560	<p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</p>
				561
				562	<p>Blend will average the images together ('plus') according to the
				563	percentages given and each pixels transparency. If only a single percentage
				564	value is given it sets the weight of the composite or 'source' image, while
				565	the background image is weighted by the exact opposite amount. That is a
				566	<code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
				567	'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
				568
				569
				570	<div style="margin: auto;">
				571	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
				572	</div>
				573
				574	<p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
				575
				576	<div style="margin: auto;">
				577	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
				578	</div>
				579
				580	<p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor of 1.5</p>
				581
				582	<div style="margin: auto;">
				583
				584	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	585	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	586	</div>
				587
				588	<p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
				589
				590	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	591	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	592
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	593	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/></p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	594
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	595	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	596	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				597
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	598	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	599	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				600	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				601	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				602	</p>
				603
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	604	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the slower the
				605	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				606	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				607	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	608	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				609
				610	<p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> simply
				611	by taking advantage of the separability properties of the distribution. Here
				612	we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
				613	then repeat the process in the vertical direction.</p>
				614
				615	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				616	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				617	</p>
				618
				619
				620	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	621	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
				622	</div>
				623
				624	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
				625
				626	<p>Set the width and height using the <var>size</var> portion of the
				627	<var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets are
				628	ignored. </p>
				629
				630	<p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
				631
				632	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				633	<dt><var>value</var></dt>
				634	<dd>value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
				635	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd></dt>
				636	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				637	<dt><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				638	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				639	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				640	<dd>value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
				641	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>0</dt>
				642	<dd>value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				643	<dt>0<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var></dt>
				644	<dd>value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				645	<dt><var>value</var>%</dt>
				646	<dd>value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				647	<dt><var>value-x</var><kbd>x</kbd>%</dt>
				648	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
				649	<dt>x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				650	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
				651	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				652	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to top/bottom</dd>
				653	<dt><var>value-x</var>%<kbd>x</kbd>0%</dt>
				654	<dd>value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
				655	<dt>0%<kbd>x</kbd><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
				656	<dd>value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
				657	</dl>
				658
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	659	<p>Set the border color by preceding with the <a
				660	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	661
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	662	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current <a
				663	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	664	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				665	size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
				666	overlaying the original image in the center of this net image. This means that
				667	with the default compose method of '<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may
				668	be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
				669	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
				670	functionality.</p>
				671
				672	<div style="margin: auto;">
				673	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				674	</div>
				675
				676	<p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
				677
				678	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				679
				680	<p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
				681
				682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
				684	</div>
				685
				686	<p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
				687
				688	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	689	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br />-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var>{x<var>contrast</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	690	</div>
				691
				692	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
				693
				694	<p>Brightness and Contrast values apply changes to the input image. They are
				695	not absolute settings. A brightness or contrast value of zero means no change.
				696	The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
				697	brightness or contrast and negative values decrease the brightness or contrast.
				698	To control only contrast, set the brightness=0. To control only brightness,
				699	set contrast=0 or just leave it off.</p>
				700
				701	<p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels to
				702	apply the brightness and/or contrast change. The default is to apply the same
				703	transformation to all channels.</p>
				704
				705	<p>Brightness and Contrast arguments are converted to offset and slope of a
				706	linear transform and applied
				707	using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
				708
				709	<p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
				710	contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
				711	midgray. For brightness=0 and contrast=+100, the result will approach but
				712	not quite reach a threshold at midgray; that is the linear transformation
				713	is a very steep vertical line at mid gray.</p>
				714
				715	<p>Negative slopes, i.e. negating the image, are not possible with this
				716	function. All achievable slopes are zero or positive.</p>
				717
				718	<p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
				719	at brightness=+100. Thus, when contrast=0 and brightness=100, the result is
				720	totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
				721	totally black.</p>
				722
				723	<p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
				724	symbol is no different than leaving it off.</p>
				725
				726	<div style="margin: auto;">
				727	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
				728	</div>
				729
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	730	<p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.html#limit'>-limit</a> option).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	731
				732	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	733	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+lower-percent</var>}{<var>+upper-percent</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	734	</div>
				735
				736	<p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide range of edges in the image.</p>
				737
				738	<p>The thresholds range from 0 to 100% (e.g. -canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+lower-percent</var>} remains the same, lesser edge components will be detected, but their lengths will be the same. If {<var>+lower-percent</var>} is increased but {<var>+upper-percent</var>} is the same, the same number of edge components will be detected but their lengths will be shorter. The default thresholds are shown. The <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var> controls a gaussian blur applied to the input image to reduce noise and smooth the edges.</p>
				739
				740	<div style="margin: auto;">
				741	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
				742	</div>
				743
				744	<p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
				745
				746	<p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
				747	option has been given. To modify a caption of images already in memory use
				748	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
				749
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	750	<p>The caption can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				751	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	752	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the caption
				753	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				754
				755	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image caption is read from a file titled by the
				756	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				757	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				758
				759	<p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				760	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				761	instead.</p>
				762
				763	<p>For example,</p>
				764
				765	<pre>
				766	-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				767	</pre>
				768
				769	<p>produces an image caption of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				770	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				771	480.</p>
				772
				773
				774	<div style="margin: auto;">
				775	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
				776	</div>
				777
				778	<p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
				779
				780	<p>Here is an example color correction collection:</p>
				781
				782	<pre>
				783	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				784	<ColorCorrectionCollection xmlns="urn:ASC:CDL:v1.2">
				785	<ColorCorrection id="cc06668">
				786	<SOPNode>
				787	<Slope> 0.9 1.2 0.5 </Slope>
				788	<Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
				789	<Power> 1.0 0.8 1.5 </Power>
				790	</SOPNode>
				791	<SATNode>
				792	<Saturation> 0.85 </Saturation>
				793	</SATNode>
				794	</ColorCorrection>
				795	</ColorCorrectionCollection>
				796	</pre>
				797
				798	<div style="margin: auto;">
				799	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
				800	</div>
				801
				802	<p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are limited.</p>
				803
				804	<p>Choose from: <code>Red</code>, <code>Green</code>, <code>Blue</code>,
				805	<code>Alpha</code>, <code>Gray</code>, <code>Cyan</code>, <code>Magenta</code>,
				806	<code>Yellow</code>, <code>Black</code>, <code>Opacity</code>,
				807	<code>Index</code>, <code>RGB</code>, <code>RGBA</code>, <code>CMYK</code>, or
				808	<code>CMYKA</code>.</p>
				809
				810	<p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
				811	abbreviated as a concatenation of the letters '<code>R</code>', '<code>G</code>',
				812	'<code>B</code>', '<code>A</code>', '<code>O</code>', '<code>C</code>',
				813	'<code>M</code>', '<code>Y</code>', '<code>K</code>'.
				814
				815	For example, to only select the <code>Red</code> and <code>Blue</code> channels
				816	you can either use </p>
				817	<pre>
				818	-channel Red,Blue
				819	</pre>
				820	<p>or you can use the short hand form</p>
				821	<pre>
				822	-channel RB
				823	</pre>
				824
				825	<p>All the channels that are present in an image can be specified using the
				826	special channel type <code>All</code>. Not all operators are 'channel capable',
				827	but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
				828	will understand this setting. See individual operator documentation. </p>
				829
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	830	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	831
				832	<p>On top of the normal channel selection an extra flag can be specified,
				833	'<code>Sync</code>'. This is turned on by default and if set means that
				834	operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
				835	synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
				836	operators will apply their image processing operations to each individual
				837	channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				838	setting) completely independently from each other. </p>
				839
				840	<p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> and
				841	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
				842	together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
				843	it being set, then each channel is modified separately and
				844	independently, which may produce color distortion. </p>
				845
				846	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
				847	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also understands
				848	the '<code>Sync</code>' flag to modify the behavior of pixel colors according
				849	to the alpha channel (if present). That is to say it will modify the image
				850	processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
				851	contribute to the final result. </p>
				852
				853	<p>Basically, by default, operators work with color channels in synchronous, and
				854	treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				855	setting is modified so as to remove the effect of the '<code>Sync</code>' flag.
				856	How each operator does this depends on that operators current implementation.
				857	Not all operators understands this flag at this time, but that is changing.
				858	</p>
				859
				860	<p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				861	channel</a>.</p>
				862
				863	<p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the value
				864	'<code>RGBK,sync</code>', which specifies that operators act on all color
				865	channels except the transparency channel, and that all the color channels are
				866	to be modified in exactly the same way, with an understanding of transparency
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	867	(depending on the operation being applied). The 'plus' form <a
				868	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	869
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	870	<p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	871	include the following.
				872
				873	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
				874	<a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
				875	<a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
				876	<a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
				877	<a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
				878	<a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
				879	<a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
				880	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
				881	<a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
				882	<a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
				883	<a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
				884	<a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
				885	<a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
				886	<a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
				887	<a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
				888	<a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
				889	<a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
				890	<a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
				891	<a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
				892	<a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
				893	<a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
				894	<a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
				895	<a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
				896	<a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
				897	<a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
				898	</p>
				899
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	900	<p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
				901	>+channel</a> default setting is in effect, verses ANY user defined <a
				902	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	903	default). These operators have yet to be made to understand the newer 'Sync'
				904	flag. </p>
				905
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	906	<p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default grayscale
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	907	the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	908	has been defined. This is not 'Sync flag controlled, yet. </p>
				909
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	910	<p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
				911	href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
				912	color channels if the '<code>alpha</code>' channel is also enabled by <a
				913	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	914	fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
				915	underlying 'hidden' color has no effect on the final results. Typically
				916	resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>
				917	convolution equivalents however does have a understanding of the 'Sync' flag
				918	and will thus handle transparency correctly by default. </p>
				919
				920	<p>As a alpha channel is optional within images, some operators will read the
				921	color channels of an image as a greyscale alpha mask, when the image has no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	922	alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting tells
				923	the operator to apply the operation using alpha channels. The <a
				924	href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	925
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	926	<div style="margin: auto;">
				927	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="channel-fx"></a>-channel-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				928	</div>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	929
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	930	<p class="magick-description">exchange, extract, or copy one or more image channels.</p>
				931
				932	<p>The expression consists of one or more channels, either mnemonic or numeric (e.g. red or 0, green or 1, etc.), separated by certain operation symbols as follows:</p>
				933
				934	<pre>
				935	<=> exchange two channels (e.g. red<=>blue)
				936	=> copy one channel to another channel (e.g. red=>green)
				937	= assign a constant value to a channel (e.g. red=50%)
				938	, write new image with channels in the specified order (e.g. red, green)
				939	; add a new output image for the next set of channel operations (e.g. red; green; blue)
				940	\| move to the next input image for the source of channel data (e.g. \| gray=>alpha)
				941	</pre>
				942
				943	<p>For example, to create 3 grayscale images from the red, green, and blue channels of an image, use:</p>
				944
				945	<pre>
				946	-channel-fx "red; green; blue"
				947	</pre>
				948
				949	<p>A channel without an operation symbol implies separate (i.e, semicolon).</p>
				950
				951	<p>Here we take an sRGB image and a grayscale image and inject the grayscale image into the alpha channel:</p>
				952	<pre>
				953	convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '\| gray=>alpha' wizard-alpha.png
				954	</pre>
				955	<p>Use a similar command to define a read mask:</p>
				956	<pre>
				957	convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '\| gray=>read-mask' wizard-mask.png
				958	</pre>
				959
				960	<p>Add <code>-debug pixel</code> prior to the <code>-channel-fx</code> option to track the channel morphology.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	961
				962	<div style="margin: auto;">
				963	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
				964	</div>
				965
				966	<p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
				967
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	968
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	969	<div style="margin: auto;">
				970	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
				971	</div>
				972
				973	<p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
				974
				975	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>width</var>
				976	and <var>height</var> given in the of the <var>size</var>
				977	portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the number of
				978	columns and rows to remove. The <var>offset</var> portion of
				979	the <var>geometry</var> argument is influenced by
				980	a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
				981
				982	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
				983	and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</p>
				984
				985	<p>While it can remove internal rows and columns of pixels, it is more
				986	typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	987	offsets so as to remove a single edge from an image. Compare this to <a
				988	href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from opposite
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	989	sides of the image. </p>
				990
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	991	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
				992	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	993
				994	<div style="margin: auto;">
				995	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
				996	</div>
				997
				998	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				999
				1000	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1001	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
				1002	</div>
				1003
				1004	<p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
				1005
				1006	<p>If a clipping path is present, it is applied to subsequent operations.</p>
				1007
				1008	<p>For example, in the command</p>
				1009
				1010	<pre>
				1011	convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
				1012	</pre>
				1013
				1014	<p>only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</p>
				1015
				1016	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
				1017	delegate library is not present, the option is ignored.</p>
				1018
				1019	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1020
				1021	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1022	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
				1023	</div>
				1024
				1025	<p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
				1026
				1027	<p>Use the alpha channel of the current image as a mask. Any areas that is
				1028	white is not modified by any of the 'image processing operators' that follow,
				1029	until the mask is removed. Pixels in the black areas of the clip mask are
				1030	modified per the requirements of the operator. </p>
				1031
				1032	<p>In some ways this is similar to (though not the same) as defining
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1033	a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
				1034	mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1035	operation. </p>
				1036
				1037	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1038
				1039	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1040	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
				1041	</div>
				1042
				1043	<p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
				1044
				1045	<p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific clip path in the event the image has more than one path available. </p>
				1046
				1047	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operations.</p>
				1048
				1049	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1050	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
				1051	</div>
				1052
				1053	<p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
				1054
				1055	<p>Inside parenthesis (where the operator is normally used) it will make a
				1056	clone of the images from the last 'pushed' image sequence, and adds them to
				1057	the end of the current image sequence. Outside parenthesis
				1058	(not recommended) it clones the images from the current image sequence. </p>
				1059
				1060	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				1061	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence; for
				1062	example, <code>−1</code>
				1063	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with a
				1064	dash (e.g. <code>0−4</code>). Separate multiple indexes with commas but no
				1065	spaces (e.g. <code>0,2,5</code>). A value of '<code>0−−1</code> will
				1066	effectively clone all the images. </p>
				1067
				1068	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last image
				1069	in the image sequence, and is thus equivalent to using a argument of
				1070	'<code>−1</code>'. </p>
				1071
				1072	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1073	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
				1074	</div>
				1075
				1076	<p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each corresponding channel in the second image as a <b>c</b>olor <b>l</b>ook<b>u</b>p <b>t</b>able.</p>
				1077
				1078	<p>The second (LUT) image is ordinarily a gradient image containing the
				1079	histogram mapping of how each channel should be modified. Typically it is a
				1080	either a single row or column image of replacement color values. If larger
				1081	than a single row or column, values are taken from a diagonal line from
				1082	top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
				1083
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1084	<p>The lookup is further controlled by the <a
				1085	href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy for an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1086	LUT which is not the full length needed by the ImageMagick installed Quality
				1087	(Q) level. Good settings for this are the '<code>bilinear</code>' and
				1088	'<code>bicubic</code>' interpolation settings, which give smooth color
				1089	gradients, and the '<code>integer</code>' setting for a direct, unsmoothed
				1090	lookup of color values. </p>
				1091
				1092	<p>This operator is especially suited to replacing a grayscale image with a
				1093	specific color gradient from the CLUT image. </p>
				1094
				1095	<p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1096	setting will have their values replaced. In particular, since the default <a
				1097	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
				1098	transparency (alpha/matte channel) is not affected, unless the <a
				1099	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
				1100	set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same way
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1101	as the other channels, implying that alpha/matte values are replaced using the
				1102	alpha/matte values of the original image. </p>
				1103
				1104	<p>If either the image being modified, or the lookup image, contains no
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1105	transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
				1106	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1107	assumed that image represents a grayscale gradient which is used for the
				1108	replacement alpha values. That is you can use a grayscale CLUT image to
				1109	adjust a existing images alpha channel, or you can color a grayscale image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1110	using colors form CLUT containing the desired colors, including transparency.
				1111	</p>
				1112
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1113	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1114	according to the lookup of the full color RGB value from a 2D representation
				1115	of a 3D color cube. </p>
				1116
				1117
				1118	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1119	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
				1120	</div>
				1121
				1122	<p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to form a 'film strip' animation.</p>
				1123
				1124	<p>Overlay each image in an image sequence according to
				1125	its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
				1126	an animation at each point in the animation sequence. All images should be
				1127	the same size, and are assigned appropriate GIF disposal settings for the
				1128	animation to continue working as expected as a GIF animation. Such frames
				1129	are more easily viewed and processed than the highly optimized GIF overlay
				1130	images. </p>
				1131
				1132	<p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
				1133	the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
				1134	there is no guarantee that the restored GIF animation optimization is
				1135	better than the original. </p>
				1136
				1137
				1138	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1139	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
				1140	</div>
				1141
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1142	<p class="magick-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specified by the most recent <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1143
				1144	<p>Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. Separate colorization
				1145	values can be applied to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
				1146	a comma-delimited list of colorization
				1147	values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
				1148
				1149	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1150	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
				1151	</div>
				1152
				1153	<p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
				1154
				1155	<p>The <var>type</var> can be <code>shared</code> or <code>private</code>.</p>
				1156
				1157	<p>This option only applies when the default X server visual
				1158	is <code>PseudoColor</code> or <code>GrayScale</code>. Refer
				1159	to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
				1160	a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with
				1161	other X clients. Some image colors could be approximated,
				1162	therefore your image may look very different than intended.
				1163	If <code>private</code> is chosen, the image colors appear exactly
				1164	as they are defined. However, other clients may go <var>technicolor</var>
				1165	when the image colormap is installed.</p>
				1166
				1167	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1168	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
				1169	</div>
				1170
				1171	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
				1172
				1173	<p>The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
				1174	but never more. Note that this a color reduction option. Images with fewer
				1175	unique colors than specified by <var>value</var> will have any
				1176	duplicate or unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color
				1177	palette may be altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale,
				1178	it is more efficient to convert the image to the gray colorspace before
				1179	reducing the number of colors. Refer to
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1180	the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1181	color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
				1182
				1183	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1184	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
				1185	</div>
				1186
				1187	<p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
				1188
				1189	<p>This option permits saturation changes, hue rotation, luminance to alpha,
				1190	and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
				1191	can be used, typically one uses a 5x5 matrix for an RGBA image and a 6x6
				1192	for CMYKA (or RGBA with offsets). The matrix is similar to those used by
				1193	Adobe Flash except offsets are in column 6 rather than 5 (in support of
				1194	CMYKA images) and offsets are normalized (divide Flash offset by 255).</p>
				1195
				1196	<p>As an example, to add contrast to an image with offsets, try this command:</p>
				1197
				1198	<pre>
				1199	convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
				1200	" 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1201	0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1202	0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
				1203	0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 \
				1204	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 \
				1205	0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0" kittens.png
				1206	</pre>
				1207	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1208	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
				1209	</div>
				1210
				1211	<p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
				1212
				1213	<p>Choices are:</p>
				1214
				1215	<pre>
				1216	CMY CMYK Gray HCL
				1217	HCLp HSB HSI HSL
				1218	HSV HWB Lab LCHab
				1219	LCHuv LMS Log Luv
				1220	OHTA Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr RGB
				1221	scRGB sRGB Transparent xyY
				1222	XYZ YCbCr YCC YDbDr
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1223	YIQ YPbPr YUV Undefined
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1224	</pre>
				1225
				1226	<p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colorspace</a>.</p>
				1227
				1228	<p>For a more accurate color conversion to or from the linear RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option. Note, ImageMagick assumes the sRGB colorspace if the image format does not indicate otherwise. For colorspace conversion, the gamma function is first removed to produce linear RGB.</p>
				1229
				1230	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1231	<caption>Conversion of RGB to Other Color Spaces</caption>
				1232	<tr><th valign="middle">CMY</th></tr>
				1233	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>−R</td></tr>
				1234	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>−G</td></tr>
				1235	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>−B</td></tr>
				1236	<tr><th valign="middle">CMYK — starts with CMY from above</th></tr>
				1237	<tr><td valign="middle">K=min(C,Y,M)</td></tr>
				1238	<tr><td valign="middle">C=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(C−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1239	<tr><td valign="middle">M=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(M−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1240	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=<var>QuantumRange</var>*(Y−K)/(<var>QuantumRange</var>−K)</td></tr>
				1241
				1242	<tr><th valign="middle">Gray</th></tr>
				1243	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1244
				1245	<tr><th valign="middle">HSB — Hue, Saturation, Brightness; like a cone peak downward</th></tr>
				1246	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1247	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1248	<tr><td valign="middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1249
				1250	<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks at very top and bottom</th></tr>
				1251	<tr><td valign="middle">H=angle around perimeter (0 to 360 deg); H=0 is red; increasing angles toward green</td></tr>
				1252	<tr><td valign="middle">S=distance from axis outward</td></tr>
				1253	<tr><td valign="middle">L=distance along axis from bottom upward; L=0.5max(R,G,B) + 0.5min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1254
				1255	<tr><th valign="middle">HWB — Hue, Whiteness, Blackness</th></tr>
				1256	<tr><td valign="middle">Hue (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1257	<tr><td valign="middle">Whiteness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1258	<tr><td valign="middle">Blackness (complicated equation)</td></tr>
				1259
				1260	<tr><th valign="middle">LAB</th></tr>
				1261	<tr><td valign="middle">L (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1262	<tr><td valign="middle">A (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1263	<tr><td valign="middle">B (complicated equation relating X,Y,Z)</td></tr>
				1264
				1265	<tr><th valign="middle">LOG</th></tr>
				1266	<tr><td valign="middle">I1 (complicated equation involving logarithm of R)</td></tr>
				1267	<tr><td valign="middle">I2 (complicated equation involving logarithm of G)</td></tr>
				1268	<tr><td valign="middle">I3 (complicated equation involving logarithm of B)</td></tr>
				1269
				1270	<tr><th valign="middle">OHTA — approximates principal components transformation</th></tr>
				1271	<tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333R+0.33334G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1272	<tr><td valign="middle">I2=(0.50000R+0.00000G−0.50000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1273	<tr><td valign="middle">I3=(−0.25000R+0.50000G−0.25000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1274
				1275	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601Luma</th></tr>
				1276	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray = 0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B</td></tr>
				1277
				1278	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec601YCbCr</th></tr>
				1279	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1280	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R-0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1281	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1282
				1283	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709Luma</th></tr>
				1284	<tr><td valign="middle">Gray=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B</td></tr>
				1285
				1286	<tr><th valign="middle">Rec709YCbCr</th></tr>
				1287	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656R+0.715158G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1288	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.114572R−0.385428G+0.500000*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1289	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.454153G−0.045847*B)+(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1290
				1291	<tr><th valign="middle">sRGB</th></tr>
				1292	<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1293	<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1294	<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) ? 0.055</td></tr>
				1295
				1296	<tr><th valign="middle">XYZ</th></tr>
				1297	<tr><td valign="middle">X=0.4124564R+0.3575761G+0.1804375*B</td></tr>
				1298	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2126729R+0.7151522G+0.0721750*B</td></tr>
				1299	<tr><td valign="middle">Z=0.0193339R+0.1191920G+0.9503041*B</td></tr>
				1300
				1301	<tr><th valign="middle">YCC</th></tr>
				1302	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=(0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1303	<tr><td valign="middle">C1=(−0.298839R−0.586811G+0.88600*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1304	<tr><td valign="middle">C2=(0.70100R−0.586811G−0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling)</td></tr>
				1305
				1306	<tr><th valign="middle">YCbCr</th></tr>
				1307	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1308	<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1309	<tr><td valign="middle">Cr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1310
				1311	<tr><th valign="middle">YIQ</th></tr>
				1312	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1313	<tr><td valign="middle">I=(0.59600R−0.27400G−0.32200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1314	<tr><td valign="middle">Q=(0.21100R−0.52300G+0.31200B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1315
				1316	<tr><th valign="middle">YPbPr</th></tr>
				1317	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390R+0.5868110G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1318	<tr><td valign="middle">Pb=(−0.168736R−0.331264G+0.500000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1319	<tr><td valign="middle">Pr=(0.500000R−0.418688G−0.081312B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1320
				1321	<tr><th valign="middle">YUV</th></tr>
				1322	<tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839R+0.586811G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
				1323	<tr><td valign="middle">U=(−0.14740R−0.28950G+0.43690B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1324	<tr><td valign="middle">V=(0.61500R−0.51500G−0.10000B)(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td></tr>
				1325	</table>
				1326
				1327	<p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
				1328
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1329	<p>Use the <code>Undefined</code> colorspace to identify multi-spectral images.</p>
				1330
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1331	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1332	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
				1333	</div>
				1334
				1335	<p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
				1336
				1337	<p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
				1338	combined image are taken from the grayscale values of each image in the
				1339	sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
				1340	means the first image is assigned to the <code>Red</code> channel, the second
				1341	to the <code>Green</code> channel, the third to the <code>Blue</code>.</p>
				1342
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1343	<p>This option can be thought of as the inverse to <a
				1344	href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the same.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1345	Thus, in the following example, the final image should be a copy of the
				1346	original. </p>
				1347
				1348	<pre>
				1349	convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
				1350	convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
				1351	-combine imagecopy.png
				1352	</pre>
				1353
				1354	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1355	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
				1356	</div>
				1357
				1358	<p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
				1359
				1360	<p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
				1361	option has been given. To modify a comment of images already in memory use
				1362	"<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
				1363
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1364	<p>The comment can contain special format characters listed in the <a
				1365	href="escape.html">Format and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1366	Print Image Properties</a>. These attributes are expanded when the comment
				1367	is finally assigned to the individual images. </p>
				1368
				1369	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image comment is read from a file titled by the
				1370	remaining characters in the string. Comments read in from a file are literal;
				1371	no embedded formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				1372
				1373	<p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
				1374	<a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> options
				1375	instead.</p>
				1376
				1377	<p>For example,</p>
				1378
				1379	<pre>
				1380	-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				1381	</pre>
				1382
				1383	<p>produces an image comment of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> (assuming
				1384	that the image <code>bird.miff</code> has a width of 512 and a height of
				1385	480.</p>
				1386
				1387	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1388	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
				1389	</div>
				1390
				1391	<p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction</p>
				1392
				1393	<p>This is a convert version of "<code>compare</code>" for two same sized images. The syntax is as follows, but other metrics are allowed.</p>
				1394
				1395	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1396	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> difference.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1397	</pre>
				1398
				1399	<p>To get the metric value use the string format "%[distortion]".</p>
				1400
				1401	<pre>
				1402	convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
				1403	"%[distortion]" info:
				1404	</pre>
				1405
				1406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1407	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
				1408	</div>
				1409
				1410	<p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
				1411
				1412	Choose from these operators:
				1413
				1414	<pre>
				1415	add
				1416	conjugate
				1417	divide
				1418	magnitude-phase
				1419	multiply
				1420	real-imaginary
				1421	subtract
				1422	</pre>
				1423
				1424	<p>Optionally specify the <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> complex:snr=float</code>.</p>
				1425
				1426	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1427	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
				1428	</div>
				1429
				1430	<p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
				1431
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1432	<p>See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1433	a detailed discussion of alpha compositing.</p>
				1434
				1435	<p>This setting effects image processing operators that merge two (or more)
				1436	images together in some way. This includes the operators,
				1437	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
				1438	<a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
				1439	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
				1440	<a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
				1441	<a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
				1442	<a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
				1443	<a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
				1444	<a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
				1445	and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
				1446
				1447	<p>It is also one of the primary options for the "<code>composite</code>"
				1448	command. </p>
				1449
				1450
				1451	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1452	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
				1453	</div>
				1454
				1455	<p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
				1456
				1457	<p>Take the first image 'destination' and overlay the second 'source' image
				1458	according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The location
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1459	of the 'source' or 'overlay' image is controlled according to <a
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1460	href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1461	settings. </p>
				1462
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1463	<p>If a third image is given this is treated as a grayscale blending 'mask' image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1464	relative to the first 'destination' image. This mask is blended with the
				1465	source image. However for the '<code>displace</code>' compose method, the
				1466	mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
				1467
				1468	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1469	arguments or flags these can be provided by setting the <a
				1470	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1471	appropriately for the compose method. </p>
				1472
				1473	<p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destination'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1474	image outside the overlay area. You can disable this by setting the special <a
				1475	href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:outside-overlay</code>'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1476	to '<code>false</code>'. </p>
				1477
				1478	<p>The SVG compositing specification requires that color and opacity values range between zero and QuantumRange inclusive. You can permit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:clamp=false</code></p>
				1479
				1480
				1481	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1482	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
				1483	</div>
				1484
				1485	<p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the image.</p>
				1486
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1487	<p>Choices are: <code>None</code>, <code>BZip</code>, <code
				1488	>Fax</code>, <code>Group4</code>, <code
				1489	>JPEG</code>, <code>JPEG2000</code>, <code
				1490	>Lossless</code>, <code>LZW</code>, <code
				1491	>RLE</code> or <code>Zip</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1492
				1493	<p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1494	compress</a>.</p>
				1495
				1496	<p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in an
				1497	uncompressed format. The default is the compression type of the specified
				1498	image file.</p>
				1499
				1500	<p>If <code>LZW</code> compression is specified but LZW compression has not been
				1501	enabled, the image data is written in an uncompressed LZW format that can be
				1502	read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
				1503
				1504	<p><code>Lossless</code> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if the
				1505	JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is generally
				1506	not recommended.</p>
				1507
				1508	<p>
				1509	When writing an ICO file, you may request that the images be encoded in
				1510	PNG format, by specifying <code>Zip</code> compression.</p>
				1511
				1512	<p>
				1513	When writing a JNG file, specify <code>Zip</code> compression to request that
				1514	the alpha channel be encoded in PNG "IDAT" format, or <code>JPEG</code>
				1515	to request that it be encoded in JPG "JDAA" format.</p>
				1516
				1517	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression level
				1518	to be used by JPEG, PNG, MIFF, and MPEG encoders.
				1519	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
				1520	sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
				1521	the chroma channels.</p>
				1522
				1523	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1524	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var></h3>
				1525	</div>
				1526
Cristy	ce4a355	2015-12-14 13:53:35 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1527	<p class="magick-description"><a href="connected-components.html">connected-components</a> labeling detects connected regions in an image, choose from 4 or 8 way connectivity.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1528
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1529	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=true</code> to output statistics associated with each unique label.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1530
				1531	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1532	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
				1533	</div>
				1534
				1535	<p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
				1536
				1537	<p>This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
				1538	darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enhance
				1539	the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
				1540	contrast.</p>
				1541
				1542	<p>For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</p>
				1543
				1544	<pre>
				1545	convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
				1546	</pre>
				1547
				1548	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1549	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1550	</div>
				1551
				1552	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				1553
				1554	<p>While performing the stretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1555	<var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1556
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1557	<p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				1558	>-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var >total pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1559	minus white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>100% minus white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
				1560
				1561	<p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
				1562	the image's min and max values are stretched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1563	clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
				1564	>-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1565	prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
				1566
				1567	<p>Internally operator works by creating a histogram bin, and then uses that
				1568	bin to modify the image. As such some colors may be merged together when they
				1569	originally fell into the same 'bin'. </p>
				1570
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1571	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1572	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				1573	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1574	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				1575
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1576	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1577	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				1578
				1579	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				1580
				1581
				1582	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1583	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
				1584	</div>
				1585
				1586	<p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
				1587
				1588	<p>The <var>kernel</var> is a matrix specified as
				1589	a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
				1590	starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
				1591	supported, and therefore the number of entries in the specified <var>kernel</var> must be 3<sup>2</sup>=9, 5<sup>2</sup>=25,
				1592	7<sup>2</sup>=49, etc. </p>
				1593
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1594	<p>Note that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports the <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> setting. This option shifts the convolution so that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1595	positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
				1596	This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
				1597	convolutions that contain negative as well as positive values. This is
				1598	especially the case with convolutions involving high pass filters or edge
				1599	detection. Without an output bias, the negative values is clipped at zero.
				1600	</p>
				1601
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1602	<p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#bias">‑bias</a> is not needed, as ImageMagick is able to store/handle any
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1603	negative results without clipping to the color value range (0..QuantumRange).
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1604	See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				1605	href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
				1606	Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1607	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1608	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging">Wikipedia</a>
				1609	entry. </p>
				1610
				1611
				1612	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1613	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
				1614	</div>
				1615
				1616	<p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
				1617
				1618	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1619	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
				1620	</div>
				1621
				1622	<p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
				1623
				1624	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				1625
				1626	<p>The <var>width</var> and <var>height</var> of the <var>geometry</var> argument give the size of the image that remains
				1627	after cropping, and <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> in the
				1628	<var>offset</var> (if present) gives the location of the top left
				1629	corner of the cropped image with respect to the original image. To specify the
				1630	amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
				1631
				1632	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1633	present, a single image is generated, consisting of the pixels from the
				1634	cropping region. The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
				1635	the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the upper
				1636	left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				1637	present with <code>NorthEast</code>, <code>East</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code>
				1638	gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge of the image to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1639	the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if the <a
				1640	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1641	<code>South</code>, or <code>SouthEast</code> gravity, the distance is measured
				1642	upward between the bottom edges.</p>
				1643
				1644	<p>If the <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are
				1645	omitted, a set of tiles of the specified geometry, covering the entire input
				1646	image, is generated. The rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if
				1647	the specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</p>
				1648
				1649	<p>You can add the <var>@</var> to the geometry argument to equally divide the image into the number of tiles generated.</p>
				1650
				1651	<p>By adding a exclamation character flag to the geometry argument, the
				1652	cropped images virtual canvas page size and offset is set as if the
				1653	geometry argument was a viewport or window. This means the canvas page size
				1654	is set to exactly the same size you specified, the image offset set
				1655	relative top left corner of the region cropped. </p>
				1656
				1657	<p>If the cropped image 'missed' the actual image on its virtual canvas, a
				1658	special single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, and a 'crop
				1659	missed' warning given. </p>
				1660
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1661	<p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1662	cropping the image to ensure the crop coordinate frame is relocated to the
				1663	upper-left corner of the visible image.
				1664
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1665	Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after cropping to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1666	remove the page offset that will be left behind. This is especially true when
				1667	you are going to write to an image format such as PNG that supports an image
				1668	offset.</p>
				1669
				1670	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1671	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
				1672	</div>
				1673
				1674	<p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
				1675
				1676	<p><var>Amount</var> defines the number of positions each
				1677	colormap entry is shifted.</p>
				1678
				1679
				1680	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1681	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
				1682	</div>
				1683
				1684	<p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
				1685
				1686	<p>The <code>events</code> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
				1687	can be either <code>None</code>, <code>All</code>, <code>Trace</code>, or
				1688	a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
				1689	<code>Accelerate</code>, <code>Annotate</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Cache</code>,
				1690	<code>Coder</code>, <code>Configure</code>, <code>Deprecate</code>,
				1691	<code>Exception</code>, <code>Locale</code>, <code>Render</code>,
				1692	<code>Resource</code>, <code>Security</code>, <code>TemporaryFile</code>,
				1693	<code>Transform</code>, <code>X11</code>, or <code>User</code>. </p>
				1694
				1695
				1696	<p>For example, to log cache and blob events, use.</p>
				1697
				1698	<pre>
				1699	convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
				1700	</pre>
				1701
				1702	<p>The <code>User</code> domain is normally empty, but developers can log user
				1703	events in their private copy of ImageMagick.</p>
				1704
				1705	<p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				1706	debug</a>.</p>
				1707
				1708	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugging
				1709	output.</p>
				1710
				1711	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
				1712
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1713	<p>Debugging may also be set using the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code> <a href="resources.html#environment"
				1714	>environment variable</a>. The allowed values for the <code>MAGICK_DEBUG</code>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1715	environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
				1716	option.</p>
				1717
				1718
				1719	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1720	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				1721	</div>
				1722
				1723	<p class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>.</p>
				1724
				1725	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				1726
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1727	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1728	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1729	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				1730
				1731
				1732	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1733	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
				1734	</div>
				1735
				1736	<p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
				1737
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1738	<p>Given a sequence of images all the same size, such as produced by <a
				1739	href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1740	a smaller image of just the area that changed relative to the previous image.
				1741	</p>
				1742
				1743	<p>The resulting sequence of images can be used to optimize an animation
				1744	sequence, though will not work correctly for GIF animations when parts of the
				1745	animation can go from opaque to transparent. </p>
				1746
				1747	<p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
				1748	method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
				1749
				1750
				1751	<div style="margin: auto;">
				1752	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
				1753	</div>
				1754
				1755	<p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and image processing operations.</p>
				1756
				1757	<p>This option creates one or more definitions for coders and decoders to use
				1758	while reading and writing image data. Definitions are generally used to
				1759	control image file format coder modules, and image processing operations,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1760	beyond what is provided by normal means. Defined settings are listed in <a
				1761	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format)
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1762	as "Artifacts". </p>
				1763
				1764	<p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
				1765	definition of a flag is created with that name. This used to control on/off
				1766	options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
				1767	previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
				1768	existing definitions.</p>
				1769
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1770	<p>The same 'artifact' settings can also be defined using the <a
				1771	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, which also allows the use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1772	Properties</a> in the defined value. </p>
				1773
				1774	<p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
				1775	converted to lowercase for use within the decoders) while the <var>value</var>
				1776	is case-dependent.</p>
				1777
				1778	<p>Such settings are global in scope, and affect all images and operations. </p>
				1779
				1780	<p>The following definitions are just some of the artifacts that are
				1781	available:</p>
				1782
				1783	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				1784	<tr>
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1785	<td>bmp:alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1786	<td>include any alpha channel when writing in the BMP image format.</td>
				1787	</tr>
				1788
				1789	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1790	<td>bmp:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1791	<td> valid values are <var>bmp2</var>, <var>bmp3</var>,
				1792	and <var>bmp4</var>. This option can be useful when the
				1793	method of prepending "BMP2:" to the output filename is inconvenient or
				1794	is not available, such as when using the <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a> utility.</td>
				1795	</tr>
				1796
				1797	<tr>
				1798	<td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1799	<td>prevent automatic conversion to grayscale inside coders that support
				1800	grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
				1801	not need this define. With PNG, just use PNG24:image. With TIF, just use
				1802	-type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1803	</tr>
				1804
				1805	<tr>
				1806	<td>complex:snr=<var>value</var></td>
				1807	<td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a></td>
				1808	</tr>
				1809
				1810	<tr>
				1811	<td>compose:args=<var>arguments</var></td>
				1812	<td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1813	-composite. See <a href="compose.html"
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1814	>Image Composition</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1815	</tr>
				1816
				1817	<tr>
				1818	<td>compose:clamp=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	d474b37	2017-02-14 12:19:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1819	<td>set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel
				1820	whose value is above the quantum range to the quantum range (e.g. 65535)
				1821	otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged. Define supported in
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1822	ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1823	</tr>
				1824
				1825	<tr>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1826	<td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
				1827	<td>Merges any region with area smaller than <var>value</var> into its surrounding region or largest neighbor.</td>
				1828	</tr>
				1829
				1830	<tr>
				1831	<td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1832	<td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to keep in the output.
				1833	Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1834	</tr>
				1835
				1836	<tr>
				1837	<td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1838	<td>Changes the output image from id values to mean color values. Supported
				1839	in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1840	</tr>
				1841
				1842	<tr>
				1843	<td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1844	<td>Comma and/or hyphenated list of id values to remove from the output.
				1845	Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
Cristy	de27d76	2016-01-02 12:56:44 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1846	</tr>
				1847
				1848	<tr>
				1849	<td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
				1850	<td>Lists id, bounding box, centroid, area, mean color for each region.</td>
				1851	</tr>
				1852
				1853	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1854	<td>convolve:scale=<var>{kernel_scale}[!^] [,{origin_addition}] [%]</var></td>
				1855	<td>Defines the kernel scaling. The special flag ! automatically scales to
				1856	full dynamic range. The ! flag can be used in combination with a factor or
				1857	percent. The factor or percent is then applied after the automatic scaling.
				1858	An example is 50%!. This produces a result 50% darker than full dynamic
				1859	range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
				1860	example when some values are positive and some are negative as in edge
				1861	detection kernels. The origin addition adds that value to the center
				1862	pixel of the kernel. This produces and effect that is like adding the image
				1863	that many times to the result of the filtered image. The typical value
				1864	is 1 so that the original image is added to the result of the convolution.
				1865	The default is 0.</td>
				1866	</tr>
				1867
				1868	<tr>
				1869	<td>convolve:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1870	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a specified <a
				1871	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1872	</tr>
				1873
				1874	<tr>
				1875	<td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
				1876	<td>Sets the display range to the minimum and maximum pixel values for the
				1877	DCM image format.</td>
				1878	</tr>
				1879
				1880	<tr>
				1881	<td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true\|false</var></td>
				1882	<td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
				1883	</tr>
				1884
				1885	<tr>
				1886	<td>dds:compression=<var>dxt1\|dxt5\|none</var></td>
				1887	<td>Sets the dds compression.</td>
				1888	</tr>
				1889
				1890	<tr>
				1891	<td>dds:mipmaps=<var>value</var></td>
				1892	<td>Sets the dds number of mipmaps.</td>
				1893	</tr>
				1894
				1895	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1896	<td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true\|false</var></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1897	<td>Enables the dds alpha weighting.</td>
				1898	</tr>
				1899
				1900	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1901	<td>deskew:auto-crop=<var>true</var></td>
				1902	<td>auto crop the image after deskewing.</td>
				1903	</tr>
				1904
				1905	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1906	<td>delegate:bimodal=<var>true</var></td>
				1907	<td>Specifies direct conversion from Postscript to PDF.</td>
				1908	</tr>
				1909
				1910	<tr>
				1911	<td>distort:scale=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1912	<td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				1913	>-distort</a></td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1914	</tr>
				1915
				1916	<tr>
				1917	<td>distort:viewport=<var>WxH+X+Y</var></td>
				1918	<td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a></td>
				1919	</tr>
				1920
				1921	<tr>
				1922	<td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
				1923	<td>Specifies the layout engine for the DOT image format (e.g.
				1924	<code>neato</code>).</td>
				1925	</tr>
				1926
				1927	<tr>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	1928	<td>exr:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				1929	<td>Specifies the color type for the EXR format: RGB, RGBA, YC, YCA, Y, YA, R, G, B, A).</td>
				1930	</tr>
				1931
				1932	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1933	<td>filter:option=<var>value</var></td>
				1934	<td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
				1935	See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
				1936	</tr>
				1937
				1938	<tr>
				1939	<td>fourier:normalize=<var>inverse</var></td>
				1940	<td>Sets the location for the FFT/IFT normalization as use by
				1941	<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-ift</a>. The default is
				1942	<var>forward</var>.</td>
				1943	</tr>
				1944
				1945	<tr>
				1946	<td>h:format=<var>value</var></td>
				1947	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
				1948	<var>format</var> can be any output format supported by ImageMagick
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1949	except for <var>h</var> and <var>magick</var>. If this
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1950	option is omitted, the default is <var>GIF</var> for PseudoClass
				1951	images and <var>PNM</var> for DirectClass images.
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1952	</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1953	</tr>
				1954
				1955	<tr>
				1956	<td>icon:auto-resize</td>
				1957	<td>Automatically stores multiple sizes when writing an ico image
				1958	(requires a 256x256 input image).</td>
				1959	</tr>
				1960
				1961	<tr>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	1962	<td>identify:locate=<var>minimum\|maximum</var></td>
				1963	<td>Locates the coordinates of one or more image minimum or maximum</td>
				1964	</tr>
				1965
				1966	<tr>
				1967	<td>identify:limit=<var>number</var></td>
				1968	<td>Locates the coordinates for the number of minima or maxima specified</td>
				1969	</tr>
				1970
				1971	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1972	<td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
				1973	<td>Sets the maximum number of quality layers to decode. Same for JPT, JC2,
				1974	and J2K</td>
				1975	</tr>
				1976
				1977	<tr>
				1978	<td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1979	<td>Sets the number of resolutions to encode.Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1980	J2K</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	1981	</tr>
				1982
				1983	<tr>
				1984	<td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
				1985	<td>choose from LRCP, RLCP, RPCL, PCRL or CPRL. Same for JPT, JC2, and
				1986	J2K</td>
				1987	</tr>
				1988
				1989	<tr>
				1990	<td>jp2:quality=<var>value,value...</var></td>
				1991	<td>Sets the quality layer PSNR, given in dB. The order is from left to
				1992	right in ascending order. The default is a single lossless quality layer.
				1993	Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				1994	</tr>
				1995
				1996	<tr>
				1997	<td>jp2:rate=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	1998	<td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files.
				1999	The compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression ratio. The
				2000	valid range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless compression. If
				2001	defined, this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting
				2002	of 75 results in a rate value of 0.06641. Same for JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2003	</tr>
				2004
				2005	<tr>
				2006	<td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
				2007	<td>Sets the number of highest resolution levels to be discarded.Same for
				2008	JPT, JC2, and J2K</td>
				2009	</tr>
				2010
				2011	<tr>
				2012	<td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2013	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2014	</tr>
				2015
				2016	<tr>
				2017	<td>jpeg:colors=<var>value</var></td>
				2018	<td>Set the desired number of colors and let the JPEG encoder do the
				2019	quantizing.</td>
				2020	</tr>
				2021
				2022	<tr>
				2023	<td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
				2024	<td>Choose from <code>default</code>, <code>fastest</code>,
				2025	<code>float</code>, <code>ifast</code>, and <code>islow</code>.</td>
				2026	</tr>
				2027
				2028	<tr>
				2029	<td>jpeg:extent=<var>value</var></td>
				2030	<td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
				2031	jpeg:extent=400KB</code>. The JPEG encoder will search for the highest
				2032	compression quality level that results in an output file that does not
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2033	exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
				2034	starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
				2035	100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
				2036	-quality setting was ignored.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2037	</tr>
				2038
				2039	<tr>
				2040	<td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2041	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2042	</tr>
				2043
				2044	<tr>
				2045	<td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on\|off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2046	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2047	</tr>
				2048
				2049	<tr>
				2050	<td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2051	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2052	</tr>
				2053
				2054	<tr>
				2055	<td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2056	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2057	</tr>
				2058
				2059	<tr>
				2060	<td>jpeg:size=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2061	<td>Set the size hint of a JPEG image, for
				2062	example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
				2063	It is most useful for increasing performance and reducing the memory
				2064	requirements when reducing the size of a large JPEG image.</td>
				2065	</tr>
				2066
				2067	<tr>
				2068	<td>json:features</td>
				2069	<td>includes features in verbose information</td>
				2070	</tr>
				2071
				2072	<tr>
				2073	<td>json:limit</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2074	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2075	</tr>
				2076
				2077	<tr>
				2078	<td>json:locate</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2079	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2080	</tr>
				2081
				2082	<tr>
				2083	<td>json:moments</td>
				2084	<td>includes image moments in verbose information</td>
				2085	</tr>
				2086
				2087	<tr>
				2088	<td>magick:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2089	<td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2090	This is the same as "h:format=format" described above.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2091	</tr>
				2092
				2093	<tr>
				2094	<td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
				2095	<td>turn playback caching off for streaming MNG.</td>
				2096	</tr>
				2097
				2098	<tr>
				2099	<td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2100	<td>Specifies how to merge results generated by multiple<a
				2101	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2102	typical value is 'lighten' as used, for example, with the sobel edge
				2103	kernels. </td>
				2104	</tr>
				2105
				2106	<tr>
				2107	<td>morphology:showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2108	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2109	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2110	</tr>
				2111
				2112	<tr>
				2113	<td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2114	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2115
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2116	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2117	<td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2118	<td> geometry specifies the scaling dimensions for resizing when the PDF is
				2119	being read. The geometry is either WxH{%} or page size. No offsets are
				2120	allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
				2121	</tr>
				2122
				2123	<tr>
				2124	<td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2125	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2126	</tr>
				2127
				2128	<tr>
				2129	<td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2130	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2131	</tr>
				2132
				2133	<tr>
				2134	<td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2135	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2136	</tr>
				2137
				2138	<tr>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2139	<td>pdf:stop-on-error=<var>true</var></td>
				2140	<td> </td>
				2141	</tr>
				2142
				2143	<tr>
				2144	<td>pdf:pdf:page-direction=<var>right-to-left</var></td>
				2145	<td> </td>
				2146	</tr>
				2147
				2148	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2149	<td>phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2150	<td>the perceptual hash defaults to the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. When
				2151	using this define, you can specify up to six alternative colorspaces. (as
				2152	of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
				2153	</tr>
				2154
				2155	<tr>
				2156	<td>phash:normalize=<var>true</var></td>
				2157	<td>normalizes the phash metric by dividing by the number of channels
				2158	specified by <code>-define phash:colorspaces</code> when using compare
				2159	-metric phash. (as of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2160	</tr>
				2161
				2162	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2163	<td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2164	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2165	</tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2166
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2167	<tr>
				2168	<td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
				2169	<td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
				2170	encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
				2171	normally selected, but only if this does not cause any loss of image
				2172	quality. Any attempt to reduce image quality is treated as an error and no
				2173	PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
				2174	can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
				2175	indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
				2176	you cannot force it to be written as a grayscale or indexed PNG. If you
				2177	wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
				2178	<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> directives to
				2179	reduce the image quality prior to using the PNG encoder. Note that in
				2180	indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
				2181	which can be 1, 2, 4, or 8. In such files, the color samples always have
				2182	8-bit depth.</td>
				2183	</tr>
				2184
				2185	<tr>
				2186	<td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
				2187	<td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
				2188	5 means adaptive filtering except for images with a colormap, 6 means
				2189	adaptive filtering for all images, 7 means MNG "loco" compression, 8 means
				2190	Z_RLE strategy with adaptive filtering, and 9 means Z_RLE strategy with no
				2191	filtering.</td>
				2192	</tr>
				2193
				2194	<tr>
				2195	<td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
				2196	<td> valid values are 0 through 9, with 0 providing the least but fastest
				2197	compression and 9 usually providing the best and always the slowest.</td>
				2198	</tr>
				2199
				2200	<tr>
				2201	<td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
				2202	<td> valid values are 0 through 4, meaning default, filtered, huffman_only,
				2203	rle, and fixed ZLIB compression strategy. If you are using an old zlib
				2204	that does not support Z_RLE (before 1.2.0) or Z_FIXED (before 1.2.2.2),
				2205	values 3 and 4, respectively, will use the zlib default strategy
				2206	instead.</td>
				2207	</tr>
				2208
				2209	<tr>
				2210	<td>png:format=<var>value</var></td>
				2211	<td> valid values are <var>png8</var>, <var>png24</var>,
				2212	<var>png32</var>, <var>png48</var>,
				2213	<var>png64</var>, and <var>png00</var>.
				2214	This property can be useful for specifying
				2215	the specific PNG format to be used, when the usual method of prepending the
				2216	format name to the output filename is inconvenient, such as when writing
				2217	a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
				2218	Value = <var>png8</var> reduces the number of colors to 256,
				2219	only one of which may be fully transparent, if necessary. The other
				2220	values do not force any reduction of quality; it is an error to request
				2221	a format that cannot represent the image data without loss (except that
				2222	it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
				2223	Value = <var>png24</var> and <var>png48</var>
				2224	allow transparency, only if a single color is fully transparent and that
				2225	color does not also appear in an opaque pixel; such transparency is
				2226	written in a PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk.
				2227	Value = <var>png00</var> causes the image to inherit its
				2228	color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
				2229	a PNG.</td>
				2230	</tr>
				2231
				2232	<tr>
				2233	<td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2234
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2235	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2236	<td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
				2237	<td>ancillary chunks to be excluded from or included in PNG output.
				2238
				2239	<p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
				2240	as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
				2241	(which can include the word <var>date</var>, the word
				2242	<var>all</var>, or the word <var>none</var>).
				2243	Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
				2244	names if you prefer.</p>
				2245
				2246	<p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
				2247	of the PNG encoder and have no effect on the PNG decoder.</p>
				2248
				2249	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is excluded and
				2250	the <code>gAMA</code> chunk is included, the <code>gAMA</code> chunk will
				2251	only be written if gamma is not 1/2.2, since most decoders assume
				2252	sRGB and gamma=1/2.2 when no colorspace information is included in
				2253	the PNG file. Because the list is processed from left to right, you
				2254	can achieve this with a single define:</p>
				2255
				2256	<pre>
				2257	-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
				2258	</pre>
				2259
				2260	<p>As a special case, if the <code>sRGB</code> chunk is not excluded and
				2261	the PNG encoder recognizes that the image contains the sRGB ICC profile,
				2262	the PNG encoder will write the <code>sRGB</code> chunk instead of the
				2263	entire ICC profile. To force the PNG encoder to write the sRGB
				2264	profile as an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the output PNG instead of the
				2265	<code>sRGB</code> chunk, exclude the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.</p>
				2266
				2267	<p>The critical PNG chunks <code>IHDR</code>, <code>PLTE</code>,
				2268	<code>IDAT</code>, and <code>IEND</code> cannot be excluded. Any such
				2269	entries appearing in the list will be ignored.</p>
				2270
				2271	<p>If the ancillary PNG <code>tRNS</code> chunk is excluded and the
				2272	image has transparency, the PNG colortype is forced to be 4 or 6
				2273	(GRAY_ALPHA or RGBA). If the image is not transparent, then the
				2274	<code>tRNS</code> chunk isn't written anyhow, and there is no effect
				2275	on the PNG colortype of the output image.</p>
				2276
				2277	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
				2278	following for PNG output:</p>
				2279
				2280	<pre>
				2281	-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
				2282	</pre>
				2283
				2284	<p>The default behavior is to include all known PNG ancillary chunks
				2285	plus ImageMagick's private <code>vpAg</code> ("virtual page") chunk,
				2286	and to exclude all PNG chunks that are unknown to ImageMagick,
				2287	regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
				2288	PNG specification.</p>
				2289
				2290	<p>Any chunk names that are not known to ImageMagick are ignored
				2291	if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
				2292	The ancillary chunks currently known to ImageMagick are
				2293	<code>bKGD</code>, <code>cHRM</code>, <code>gAMA</code>, <code>iCCP</code>,
				2294	<code>oFFs</code>, <code>pHYs</code>, <code>sRGB</code>, <code>tEXt</code>,
				2295	<code>tRNS</code>, <code>vpAg</code>, and <code>zTXt</code>.</p>
				2296
				2297	<p>You can also put <code>date</code> in the list to include or exclude
				2298	the "Date:create" and "Date:modify" text chunks that ImageMagick normally
				2299	inserts in the output PNG.</p></td>
				2300	</tr>
				2301
				2302	<tr>
				2303	<td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2304	<td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2305	try to optimize the palette, eliminating unused entries and putting
				2306	the transparent colors first. If this flag is set, that behavior
				2307	is suppressed.</td>
				2308	</tr>
				2309
				2310	<tr>
				2311	<td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2312	<td>By default, the PNG decoder and encoder examine any ICC profile
				2313	that is present, either from an <code>iCCP</code> chunk in the PNG
				2314	input or supplied via an option, and if the profile is recognized
				2315	to be the sRGB profile, converts it to the <code>sRGB</code> chunk.
				2316	You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
				2317	this from happening; in such cases the <code>iCCP</code> chunk
				2318	will be read or written and no <code>sRGB</code> chunk will be
				2319	written. There are some ICC profiles that claim to be sRGB but
				2320	have various errors that cause them to be rejected by libpng16; such
				2321	profiles are recognized anyhow and converted to the <code>sRGB</code>
				2322	chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
				2323	is present. Note that not all "sRGB" ICC profiles are recognized
				2324	yet; we will add them to the list as we encounter them.</td>
				2325	</tr>
				2326
				2327	<tr>
				2328	<td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
				2329	<td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
				2330	network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
				2331	fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
				2332	in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
				2333	must appear before the input filename on the commandline. The swapping
				2334	is done during the libpng decoding operation.</td>
				2335	</tr>
				2336
				2337	<tr>
				2338	<td>profile:skip=<var>name1,name2,...</var></td>
				2339	<td>Skip the named profile[s] when reading the image. Use skip="*" to
				2340	skip all named profiles in the image. Many named profiles exist,
				2341	including ICC, EXIF, APP1, IPTC, XMP, and others.</td>
				2342	</tr>
				2343
				2344	<tr>
				2345	<td>ps:imagemask</td>
				2346	<td>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
				2347	create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
				2348	imagemask operator instead of the image operator.</td>
				2349	</tr>
				2350
				2351	<tr>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2352	<td>psd:additional-info=all\|selective</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2353	<td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
				2354	another PSD file. This should be placed after the image is read. The two
				2355	options are 'all' and 'selective'. The 'selective' option will preserve
				2356	all additional information that is not related to the geometry of the
				2357	image. The 'all' option should only be used when the geometry of the
				2358	image has not been changed. This option is helpful when transferring
				2359	non-simple layers, such as adjustment layers from the input PSD file to
				2360	the output PSD file. If this option is not used, the additional
				2361	information will not be preserved. This define is available as of
				2362	Imagemagick version 6.9.5-8.
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2363	</td>
				2364	</tr>
				2365
				2366	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2367	<td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
				2368	<td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
				2369	for the flattened layer 0 before adding the alpha channel to the output
				2370	image. This define must be placed before the input psd image. (Available
				2371	as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
				2372	prevents the transparency from being applied twice in the output
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2373	image. This option should be set before reading the image.</td>
				2374	</tr>
				2375
				2376	<tr>
				2377	<td>psd:preserve-opacity-mask=true</td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2378	<td>This option should only be used when converting from a PSD file to
				2379	another PSD file. It will preserve the opacity mask of a layer and add it
				2380	back to the layer when the image is saved. Setting this to 'true' will
				2381	enable this feature. This define is available as of Imagemagick version
				2382	6.9.5-10.
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2383	</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2384	</tr>
				2385
				2386	<tr>
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2387	<td>preserve-timestamp=<var>{True, False}</var></td>
				2388	<td>Preserve file timestamp (<code>mogrify</code> only).</td>
				2389	</tr>
				2390
				2391	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2392	<td>quantum:format=<var>type</var></td>
				2393	<td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
				2394	format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
				2395	to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
				2396	included, the result is a single precision floating point format.
				2397	If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
				2398	double precision floating point format.</td>
				2399	</tr>
				2400
				2401	<tr>
				2402	<td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2403	<td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF
				2404	image file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2405	<code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
				2406	</tr>
				2407
				2408	<tr>
				2409	<td>sample:offset=<var>geometry</var></td>
				2410	<td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2411	expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2412	</tr>
				2413
				2414	<tr>
				2415	<td>showkernel=<var>1</var></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2416	<td>Outputs (to 'standard error') all the information about a generated <a
				2417	href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2418	</tr>
				2419
				2420	<tr>
				2421	<td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
				2422	<td>Set the stream buffer size. Select 0 for unbuffered I/O.</td>
				2423	</tr>
				2424
				2425	<tr>
				2426	<td>tiff:alpha=<var>associated\|unassociated\|unspecified</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2427	<td>Specify the alpha extra samples as associated, unassociated or
				2428	unspecified </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2429	</tr>
				2430
				2431	<tr>
				2432	<td>tiff:endian=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2433	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2434	</tr>
				2435
				2436	<tr>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2437	<td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>true</var></td>
				2438	<td>Enables reading the EXIF properties.</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2439	</tr>
				2440
				2441	<tr>
				2442	<td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb\|lsb</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2443	<td> </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2444	</tr>
				2445
				2446	<tr>
				2447	<td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
				2448	<td>Ignores the photoshop layers.</td>
				2449	</tr>
				2450
				2451	<tr>
				2452	<td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
				2453	<td>Allows one or more tag ID values to be ignored.</td>
				2454	</tr>
				2455
				2456	<tr>
				2457	<td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
				2458	<td>Sets the number of rows per strip</td>
				2459	</tr>
				2460
				2461	<tr>
				2462	<td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
				2463	<td>Sets the tile size for pyramid tiffs. Requires the suffix
				2464	PTIF: before the outputname</td>
				2465	</tr>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2466
				2467	<tr>
				2468	<td>type:features=<var>string</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2469	<td> </td>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2470	</tr>
				2471
				2472	<tr>
				2473	<td>type:hinting=<var>off</var></td>
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2474	<td> </td>
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2475	</tr>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	2476
				2477	<tr>
				2478	<td>txt:compliance=<var>css</var></td>
				2479	<td> </td>
				2480	</tr>
				2481
				2482	<tr>
				2483	<td>x:screen=<var>true</var></td>
				2484	<td>Obtains the image from the root window </td>
				2485	</tr>
				2486
				2487	<tr>
				2488	<td>x:silent=<var>true</var></td>
				2489	<td>Turns off the beep when importing an image </td>
				2490	</tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2491	</table>
				2492
				2493	<p>For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
				2494	pixels of a bilevel image, use:</p>
				2495
				2496	<pre>
				2497	convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
				2498	</pre>
				2499
				2500	<p>Set attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value with
				2501	<code>registry:</code>. For example, to set a temporary path to put work files,
				2502	use:</p>
				2503
				2504	<pre>
				2505	-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
				2506	</pre>
				2507
				2508	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2509	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ticks-per-second</var> {<var><</var>} {<var>></var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2510	</div>
				2511
				2512	<p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
				2513
				2514	<p>This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
				2515	<var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
				2516	next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the image
				2517	sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
				2518
				2519	<p>Use <code>></code> to change the image delay <var>only</var> if its current
				2520	value exceeds the given delay. <code><</code> changes the image delay
				2521	<var>only</var> if current value is less than the given delay. For example, if
				2522	you specify <code>30></code> and the image delay is 20, the image delay does
				2523	not change. However, if the image delay is 40 or 50, the delay it is changed
				2524	to 30. Enclose the given delay in quotation marks to prevent the
				2525	<code><</code> or <code>></code> from being interpreted by your shell as
				2526	a file redirection.</p>
				2527
				2528
				2529	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2530	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
				2531	</div>
				2532
				2533	<p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
				2534
				2535	<p>Specify the image by its index in the sequence. The first image is index
				2536	0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
				2537	represents the last image of the sequence. Specify a range of images with
				2538	a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
Cristy	912a922	2016-06-17 15:37:28 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2539	<code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence. Use <code>-delete 0--1</code> to delete the entire image sequence.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2540
				2541
				2542	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2543	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<var>height</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2544	</div>
				2545
				2546	<p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering to devices.</p>
				2547
				2548	<p>This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a raster
				2549	image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector formats such
				2550	as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image resolution
				2551	provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an output device or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2552	raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots per inch (DPI). The <a
				2553	href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2554	instead.</p>
				2555
				2556	<p>The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to one
				2557	point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer screens are
				2558	normally 72 or 96 dots per inch, while printers typically support 150, 300,
				2559	600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the resolution of your display, use
				2560	a ruler to measure the width of your screen in inches, and divide by the
				2561	number of horizontal pixels (1024 on a 1024x768 display).</p>
				2562
				2563	<p>If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update the
				2564	stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image
				2565	resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is not
				2566	stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using
				2567	its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
				2568	file header.</p>
				2569
				2570	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var> and
				2571	does not alter the underlying raster image. It may be used to adjust the
				2572	rendered size for desktop publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied
				2573	to the pixels. To resize the image so that it is the same size at a different
				2574	resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
				2575
				2576	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2577	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
				2578	</div>
				2579
				2580	<p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
				2581
				2582	<p>This the number of bits in a color sample within a pixel. Use this option
				2583	to specify the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
				2584	or CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</p>
				2585
				2586	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2587	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
				2588	</div>
				2589
				2590	<p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
				2591
				2592	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2593	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2594	</div>
				2595
				2596	<p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
				2597
				2598	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2599	<var>true \| false</var></code> to auto crop the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2600
				2601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
				2603	</div>
				2604
				2605	<p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
				2606
				2607	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2608	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
				2609	</div>
				2610
				2611	<p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right.</p>
				2612
				2613	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2614	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>x<var>vertical-scale</var>{%}{!}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2615	</div>
				2616
				2617	<p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
				2618
				2619	<p>With this option, the 'overlay' image, and optionally the 'mask' image,
				2620	is used as a displacement map, which is used to displace the lookup of
				2621	what part of the 'background' image is seen at each point of the overlaid
				2622	area. Much like the displacement map is a 'lens' that redirects light shining
				2623	through it so as to present a distorted view the original 'background' image
				2624	behind it. </p>
				2625
				2626	<p>Any perfect grey areas of the displacement map produce a zero
				2627	displacement of the image. Black areas produce the given maximum negative
				2628	displacement of the lookup point, while white produce a maximum positive
				2629	displacement of the lookup. </p>
				2630
				2631	<p>Note that it is the lookup of the 'background' that is displaced, not a
				2632	displacement of the image itself. As such an area of the displacement map
				2633	containing 'white' will have the lookup point 'shifted' by a positive amount,
				2634	and thus generating a copy of the destination image to the right/downward from
				2635	the correct position. That is the image will look like it may have been
				2636	'shifted' in a negative left/upward direction. Understanding this is a very
				2637	important in understanding how displacement maps work. </p>
				2638
				2639	<p>The given arguments define the maximum amount of displacement in pixels
				2640	that a particular map can produce. If the displacement scale is large enough
				2641	it is also possible to lookup parts of the 'background' image that lie well
				2642	outside the bounds of the displacement map itself. That is you could very
				2643	easily copy a section of the original image from outside the overlay area
				2644	into the overlay area. </p>
				2645
				2646	<p>The '%' flag makes the displacement scale relative to the size of the
				2647	overlay image (100% = half width/height of image). Using '!' switches
				2648	percentage arguments to refer to the destination image size instead.
				2649	these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
				2650
				2651	<p>Normally a single grayscale displacement map is provided, which with the
				2652	given scaling values will determine a single direction (vector) in which
				2653	displacements can occur (positively or negatively). However, if you also
				2654	specify a third image which is normally used as a <var>mask</var>,
				2655	the <var>composite image</var> is used for horizontal X
				2656	displacement, while the <var>mask image</var> is used for vertical Y
				2657	displacement. This allows you to define completely different displacement
				2658	values for the X and Y directions, and allowing you to lookup any point within
				2659	the <var>scale</var> bounds. In other words each pixel can lookup
				2660	any other nearby pixel, producing complex 2 dimensional displacements, rather
				2661	than a simple 1 dimensional vector displacements. </p>
				2662
				2663	<p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
				2664	you can use the 'red' channel of the overlay image to specify the horizontal
				2665	or X displacement, and the 'green' channel for the vertical or Y displacement.
				2666	</p>
				2667
				2668	<p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
				2669	mask the transparency of the destination image. However areas outside the
				2670	overlaid areas will not be effected. </p>
				2671
				2672
				2673	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2674	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
				2675	</div>
				2676
				2677	<p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
				2678
				2679	<p>This option is used with convert for obtaining image or font from this
				2680	X server. See <var>X(1)</var>.</p>
				2681
				2682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
				2684	</div>
				2685
				2686	<p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being created or read in. </p>
				2687
				2688	<p>The layer disposal method defines the way each the displayed image is to be
				2689	modified after the current 'frame' of an animation has finished being
				2690	displayed (after its 'delay' period), but before the next frame on an
				2691	animation is to be overlaid onto the display. </p>
				2692
				2693	<p>Here are the valid methods:</p>
				2694
				2695	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2696	<dt>Undefined</dt><dd>0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<code>none</code>').</dd>
				2697	<dt>None</dt><dd>1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame image.</dd>
				2698	<dt>Background</dt><dd>2: Clear the frame area with the background color.</dd>
				2699	<dt>Previous</dt><dd>3: Clear to the image prior to this frames overlay.</dd>
				2700	</dl>
				2701
				2702	<p>You can also use the numbers given above, which is what the GIF format
				2703	uses internally to represent the above settings. </p>
				2704
				2705	<p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list dispose</a>.</p>
				2706
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2707	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2708	resetting the layer disposal methods of images being read in. </p>
				2709
				2710	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the image
				2711	disposal method for images already in memory.</p>
				2712
				2713	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2714	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				2715	</div>
				2716
				2717	<p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
				2718
				2719
				2720	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2721	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]</h3>
				2722	</div>
				2723
				2724	<p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
				2725
				2726	<p>The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent, then
				2727	it is composited 'over' the main image. If <var>src_percent</var>
				2728	is greater than 100, start dissolving the main image so it becomes
				2729	transparent at a value of '<code>200</code>'. If both percentages
				2730	are given, each image are dissolved to the percentages given. </p>
				2731
				2732	<p>Note that dissolve percentages do not add, two opaque images dissolved
				2733	'50,50', produce a 75% transparency. For a 50% + 50% blending of the two
				2734	images, you would need to use dissolve values of '50,100'. </p>
				2735
				2736	<div style="margin: auto;">
				2737	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
				2738	</div>
				2739
				2740	<p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required <var>arguments</var>.</p>
				2741
				2742	<p>The <var>arguments</var> is a single string containing a list
				2743	of floating point numbers separated by commas or spaces. The number of
				2744	and meaning of the floating point values depends on the distortion <var>method</var> being used. </p>
				2745
				2746	<p>Choose from these distortion types:</p>
				2747
				2748	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				2749	<tr>
				2750	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				2751	<th>Description</th>
				2752	</tr>
				2753
				2754	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2755	<td>ScaleRotateTranslate <br/> SRT</td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2756	<td>
				2757	Distort image by first scaling and rotating about a given 'center',
				2758	before translating that 'center' to the new location, in that order. It
				2759	is an alternative method of specifying a 'Affine' type of
				2760	distortion, but without shearing effects. It also provides a good way
				2761	of rotating and displacing a smaller image for tiling onto a larger
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2762	background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2763
				2764	The number of arguments determine the specific meaning of each
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2765	argument for the scales, rotation, and translation operations. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2766
				2767	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				2768	<dt>2:</dt><dd><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2769	<dt>3:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
				2770	<dt>4:</dt><dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
				2771	<dt>5:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
				2772	<dt>6:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2773	<dt>7:</dt> <dd><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
				2774	</dl>
				2775
				2776	This is actually an alternative way of specifying a 2 dimensional linear
				2777	'Affine' or 'AffineProjection' distortion. </td> </tr>
				2778
				2779	<tr>
				2780	<td>Affine</td>
				2781	<td>
				2782	Distort the image linearly by moving a list of at least 3 or more sets
				2783	of control points (as defined below). Ideally 3 sets or 12 floating
				2784	point values are given allowing the image to be linearly scaled,
				2785	rotated, sheared, and translated, according to those three points. See
				2786	also the related 'AffineProjection' and 'SRT'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2787	distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2788
				2789	More than 3 sets given control point pairs (12 numbers) is least
				2790	squares fitted to best match a linear affine distortion. If only 2
				2791	control point pairs (8 numbers) are given a two point image translation
				2792	rotation and scaling is performed, without any possible shearing,
				2793	flipping or changes in aspect ratio to the resulting image. If only one
				2794	control point pair is provides the image is only translated, (which may
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2795	be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2796
				2797	This distortion does not include any form of perspective distortion.
				2798	</td>
				2799
				2800	</tr>
				2801
				2802	<tr>
				2803	<td>AffineProjection</td>
				2804	<td>
				2805	Linearly distort an image using the given Affine Matrix of 6
				2806	pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
				2807	the source image to the destination image.
				2808
				2809	<p class="text-center"><var>
				2810	s<sub>x</sub>, r<sub>x</sub>,
				2811	r<sub>y</sub>, s<sub>y</sub>,
				2812	t<sub>x</sub>, t<sub>y</sub>
				2813	</var></p>
				2814
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2815	See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
				2816	meanings of these coefficients. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2817
				2818	The distortions 'Affine' and 'SRT' provide
				2819	alternative methods of defining this distortion, with ImageMagick doing
				2820	the calculations needed to generate the required coefficients. You can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2821	see the internally generated coefficients, by using a <a
				2822	href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2823
				2824	</tr>
				2825
				2826	<tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2827	<td>BilinearForward<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2828	BilinearReverse</td>
				2829	<td>
				2830	Bilinear Distortion, given a minimum of 4 sets of coordinate pairs, or
				2831	16 values (see below). Not that lines may not appear straight after
				2832	distortion, though the distance between coordinates will remain
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2833	consistent. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2834
				2835	The 'BilinearForward' is used to map rectangles to any
				2836	quadrilateral, while the 'BilinearReverse' form maps any
				2837	quadrilateral to a rectangle, while preserving the straight line edges
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2838	in each case. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2839
				2840	Note that 'BilinearForward' can generate invalid pixels
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2841	which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2842	color setting. Also if the quadrilateral becomes 'flipped' the image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2843	may disappear. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2844
				2845	There are future plans to produce a true Bilinear distortion that will
				2846	attempt to map any quadrilateral to any other quadrilateral, while
				2847	preserving edges (and edge distance ratios).
				2848
				2849	</td>
				2850	</tr>
				2851
				2852	<tr>
				2853	<td>Perspective</td>
				2854	<td>
				2855	Perspective distort the images, using a list of 4 or more sets of
				2856	control points (as defined below). More that 4 sets (16 numbers) of
				2857	control points provide least squares fitting for more accurate
				2858	distortions (for the purposes of image registration and panorama
				2859	effects). Less than 4 sets will fall back to a 'Affine'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2860	linear distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2861
				2862	Perspective Distorted images ensures that straight lines remain
				2863	straight, but the scale of the distorted image will vary. The horizon
				2864	is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2865	<a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2866	</tr>
				2867
				2868	<tr>
				2869	<td>PerspectiveProjection </td>
				2870	<td>
				2871	Do a 'Perspective' distortion biased on a set of 8
				2872	pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2873	at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2874	'Perspective' distortion, or by calculating them yourself.
				2875	If the last two perspective scaling coefficients are zero, the
				2876	remaining 6 represents a transposed 'Affine Matrix'. </td>
				2877
				2878	</tr>
				2879
				2880	<tr>
				2881	<td>Arc</td>
				2882	<td>
				2883	Arc the image (variation of polar mapping) over the angle given around
				2884	a circle.
				2885
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2886	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2887	<dt>arc_angle</dt>
				2888	<dd>The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
				2889	<dt>rotate_angle</dt>
				2890	<dd>Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
				2891	<dt>top_radius</dt>
				2892	<dd>Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
				2893	<dt>bottom_radius </dt>
				2894	<dd>Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2895	</dl>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2896
				2897	The resulting image is always resized to best fit the resulting image,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2898	(as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2899	preserve scale and aspect ratio of the original image as much as
				2900	possible with the arguments given by the user. All four arguments will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2901	be needed to change the overall aspect ratio of an 'Arc'ed image. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2902
				2903	This a variation of a polar distortion designed to try to preserve the
				2904	aspect ratio of the image rather than direct Cartesian to Polar
				2905	conversion. </td>
				2906	</tr>
				2907
				2908	<tr>
				2909	<td>Polar</td>
				2910	<td>
				2911	Like 'Arc' but do a complete Cartesian to Polar mapping of
				2912	the image. that is the height of the input image is mapped to the
				2913	radius limits, while the width is wrapped around between the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2914	angle limits. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2915
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2916	Arguments: <var>Rmax,Rmin CenterX,CenterY, start,end_angle</var> <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2917
				2918	All arguments are optional. With <var>Rmin</var> defaulting to zero, the
				2919	center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
				2920	to +180 (top). If <var>Rmax</var> is given the special value of
				2921	'0', the the distance from the center to the nearest edge
				2922	is used for the radius of the output image, which will ensure the whole
				2923	image is visible (though scaled smaller). However a special value of
				2924	'-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
				2925	corner, This may 'clip' the corners from the input rectangular image,
				2926	but will generate the exact reverse of a 'DePolar' with
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2927	the same arguments. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2928
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2929	If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2930	output image center will default to 0,0 of the virtual
				2931	canvas, and the image size adjusted to ensure the whole input image is
				2932	made visible in the output image on the virtual canvas. </td>
				2933
				2934	</tr>
				2935
				2936	<tr>
				2937	<td>DePolar</td>
				2938	<td>
				2939	Uses the same arguments and meanings as a 'Polar' distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2940	but generates the reverse Polar to Cartesian distortion. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2941
				2942	The special <var>Rmax</var> setting of '0' may however clip
				2943	the corners of the input image. However using the special
				2944	<var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
				2945	distance) will ensure the whole distorted image is preserved in the
				2946	generated result, so that the same argument to 'Polar' will
				2947	reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
				2948
				2949	Note that as this distortion requires the area resampling of a circular
				2950	arc, which can not be handled by the builtin EWA resampling function.
				2951	As such the normal EWA filters are turned off. It is recommended some
				2952	form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
				2953	a high quality result. </td>
				2954
				2955	</tr>
				2956
				2957	<tr>
				2958	<td>Barrel</td>
				2959	<td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2960	Given the four coefficients (A,B,C,D) as defined by <a
				2961	href="http://wiki.panotools.org/Lens_correction_model" >Helmut
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2962	Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
				2963	correct radial lens distortions. That is in photographs, make straight
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2964	lines straight again. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2965
				2966	<p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2967	<var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] ] <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2968	or <var>A<sub>x</sub> B<sub>x</sub> C<sub>x</sub> D<sub>x</sub>
				2969	A<sub>y</sub> B<sub>y</sub> C<sub>y</sub> D<sub>y</sub></var>
				2970	[ <var>X</var> , <var>Y</var> ] </p>
				2971	So that it forms the function
				2972	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2973	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2974
				2975	Where <var>X</var>,<var>Y</var> is the optional center of the distortion
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2976	(defaulting to the center of the image). <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2977	The second form is typically used to distort images, rather than
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	2978	correct lens distortions. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	2979	</td>
				2980
				2981	</tr>
				2982
				2983	<tr>
				2984	<td>BarrelInverse</td>
				2985	<td>
				2986	This is very similar to 'Barrel' with the same set of
				2987	arguments, and argument handling. However it uses the inverse
				2988	of the radial polynomial,
				2989	so that it forms the function
				2990	<p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>r<sup>2</sup> +
				2991	<var>C</var>*r + <var>D</var> )</p>
				2992	Note that this is not the reverse of the 'Barrel'
				2993	distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
				2994
				2995	</td>
				2996	</tr>
				2997
				2998	<tr>
				2999	<td>Shepards</td>
				3000	<td>
				3001	Distort the given list control points (any number) using an Inverse
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3002	Squared Distance Interpolation Method (<a
				3003	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard%27s_method" >Shepards
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3004	Method</a>). The control points in effect do 'localized' displacement
				3005	of the image around the given control point (preserving the look and
				3006	the rotation of the area near the control points. For best results
				3007	extra control points should be added to 'lock' the positions of the
				3008	corners, edges and other unchanging parts of the image, to prevent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3009	their movement. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3010
				3011	The distortion has been likened to 'taffy pulling' using nails, or
				3012	pins' stuck in a block of 'jelly' which is then moved to the new
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3013	position, distorting the surface of the jelly. <br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3014
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3015	Internally it is equivalent to generating a displacement map (see <a
				3016	href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
				3017	the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3018
				3019	</td>
				3020	</tr>
				3021
				3022	</table>
				3023
				3024	<p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3025	distort</a>.</p>
				3026
				3027	<p>Many of the above distortion methods such as '<code>Affine</code>',
				3028	'<code>Perspective</code>', and '<code>Shepards</code>' use a list control points
				3029	defining how these points in the given image should be distorted in the
				3030	destination image. Each set of four floating point values represent a source
				3031	image coordinate, followed immediately by the destination image coordinate.
				3032	This produces a list of values such as...</p>
				3033	<p class="text-center"><var>
				3034	U<sub>1</sub>,V<sub>1</sub> X<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>1</sub>
				3035	U<sub>2</sub>,V<sub>2</sub> X<sub>2</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>
				3036	U<sub>3</sub>,V<sub>3</sub> X<sub>3</sub>,Y<sub>3</sub>
				3037	...
				3038	U<sub>n</sub>,V<sub>n</sub> X<sub>n</sub>,Y<sub>n</sub>
				3039	</var></p>
				3040	<p>where <var>U,V</var> on the source image is mapped to <var>X,Y</var> on the
				3041	destination image. </p>
				3042
				3043	<p>For example, to warp an image using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion,
				3044	needs a list of at least 4 sets of coordinates, or 16 numbers. Here is the
				3045	perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
				3046	used to group the 4 sets of coordinate pairs, to make it easier to read and
				3047	understand.</p>
				3048
				3049	<pre>
				3050	convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
				3051	-distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
				3052	rose_3d_rotated.gif"
				3053	</pre>
				3054
				3055	<p>If more that the required number of coordinate pairs are given for
				3056	a distortion, the distortion method is 'least squares' fitted to produce the
				3057	best result for all the coordinate pairs given. If less than the ideal number
				3058	of points are given, the distort will generally fall back to a simpler form of
				3059	distortion that can handles the smaller number of coordinates (usually a linear
				3060	'<code>Affine</code>' distortion). </p>
				3061
				3062	<p>By using more coordinates you can make use of image registration tool to
				3063	find matching coordinate pairs in overlapping images, so as to improve the
				3064	'fit' of the distortion. Of course a bad coordinate pair can also make the
				3065	'fit' worse. Caution is always advised. </p>
				3066
				3067	<p>Colors are acquired from the source image according to a cylindrical
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3068	resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3069	EWA resampling. This produces very high quality results, especially when
				3070	images become smaller (minified) in the output, which is very common when
				3071	using '<code>perspective</code>' distortion. For example here we view
				3072	a infinitely tiled 'plane' all the way to the horizon. </p>
				3073
				3074	<pre>
				3075	convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel tile \
				3076	-distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
				3077	checks_tiled.jpg
				3078	</pre>
				3079
				3080	<p>Note that a infinitely tiled perspective images involving the horizon can
				3081	be very slow, because of the number of pixels that are compressed to generate
				3082	each individual pixel close to the 'horizon'. You can turn off EWA
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3083	resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3084	'<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
				3085	</p>
				3086
				3087	<p>If an image generates <i>invalid pixels</i>, such as the 'sky' in the last
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3088	example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3089	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3090	what these pixels to be visible, set the color to match the rest of the
				3091	ground. </p>
				3092
				3093	<p>The output image size will by default be the same as the input image. This
				3094	means that if the part of the distorted image falls outside the viewed area of
				3095	the 'distorted space', those parts is clipped and lost. However if you use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3096	the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the operator
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3097	will attempt (if possible) to show the whole of the distorted image, while
				3098	retaining a correct 'virtual canvas' offset, for image layering. This offset
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3099	may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if it
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3100	is unwanted. </p>
				3101
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3102	<p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
				3103	href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficients,
				3104	and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert study,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3105	and debugging purposes. This many not be available for all distorts. </p>
				3106
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3107	<p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
				3108	>-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3109	specify the size and the offset of the generated 'viewport' image of the
				3110	distorted image space.</p>
				3111
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3112	<p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3113	distort:scale=<var>scale_factor</var></code>" will scale the output image (viewport or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3114	otherwise) by that factor without changing the viewed contents of the
				3115	distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
				3116	a higher quality result, or for panning and zooming around the image (with
				3117	appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
				3118
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3119	<p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3120	will output the cylindrical filter lookup table created by the EWA (Elliptical
				3121	Weighted Average) resampling algorithm. Note this table uses a squared radius
				3122	lookup value. This is typically only used for debugging EWA resampling. </p>
				3123
				3124
				3125	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3126	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
				3127	</div>
				3128
				3129	<p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
				3130
				3131	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3132	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
				3133	</div>
				3134
				3135	<p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
				3136	images when general color reduction is applied via an option, or automagically
				3137	when saving to specific formats. This enabled by default.</p>
				3138
				3139	<p>Dithering places two or more colors in neighboring pixels so that to the
				3140	eye a closer approximation of the images original color is reproduced. This
				3141	reduces the number of colors needed to reproduce the image but at the cost of
				3142	a lower level pattern of colors. Error diffusion dithers can use any set of
				3143	colors (generated or user defined) to an image. </p>
				3144
				3145	<p>Dithering is turned on by default, to turn it off use the plus form of the
				3146	setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScript
				3147	without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not always)
				3148	leads to faster process, a smaller number of colors, but more cartoon like
				3149	image coloring. Generally resulting in 'color banding' effects in areas with
				3150	color gradients. </p>
				3151
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3152	<p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
				3153	href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#remap ">-remap</a>, and <a
				3154	href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the reduced
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3155	color set they created. These operators are also used as part of automatic
				3156	color reduction when saving images to formats with limited color support, such
				3157	as <code>GIF:</code>, <code>XBM:</code>, and others, so dithering may also be used
				3158	in these cases. </p>
				3159
				3160	<p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3161	to generate purely random dither. Or use <a
				3162	href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3163	patterns, using uniform color maps, rather than specific color maps. </p>
				3164
				3165
				3166	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3167	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
				3168	</div>
				3169
				3170	<p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
				3171
				3172	<p>Use this option to annotate or decorate an image with one or more graphic
				3173	primitives. The primitives include shapes, text, transformations, and pixel
				3174	operations.</p>
				3175
				3176	<p>The shape primitives:</p>
				3177
				3178	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3179	<dt>point</dt><dd> x,y</dd>
				3180	<dt>line</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3181	<dt>rectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3182	<dt>roundRectangle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
				3183	<dt>arc</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
				3184	<dt>ellipse</dt><dd> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
				3185	<dt>circle</dt><dd> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
				3186	<dt>polyline</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3187	<dt>polygon</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3188	<dt>bezier</dt><dd> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
				3189	<dt>path</dt><dd>specification </dd>
				3190	<dt>image</dt><dd> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
				3191	</dl>
				3192
				3193	<p>The text primitive:</p>
				3194
				3195	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3196	<dt>text</dt><dd>x0,y0 string</dd>
				3197	</dl>
				3198	<p>The text gravity primitive:</p>
				3199
				3200	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3201	<dt>gravity</dt><dd>NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast</dd>
				3202	</dl>
				3203
				3204	<p>The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and does not
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3205	interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to using the <a
				3206	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limited in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3207	scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
				3208
				3209	<p>The transformation primitives:</p>
				3210
				3211	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3212	<dt>rotate</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3213	<dt>translate</dt><dd>dx,dy</dd>
				3214	<dt>scale</dt><dd>sx,sy</dd>
				3215	<dt>skewX</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3216	<dt>skewY</dt><dd>degrees</dd>
				3217	</dl>
				3218
				3219	<p>The pixel operation primitives:</p>
				3220
				3221	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				3222	<dt>color</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3223	<dt>matte</dt><dd>x0,y0 method</dd>
				3224	</dl>
				3225
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3226	<p>The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified by the preceding <a
				3227	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
				3228	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
				3229	"outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
				3230	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3231
				3232	<p>A <code>point</code> primitive is specified by a single <var>point</var> in the
				3233	pixel plane, that is, by an ordered pair of integer coordinates,
				3234	<var>x</var>,<var>y</var>. (As it involves only a single pixel, a <code>point</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3235	primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
				3236	href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3237
				3238	<p>A <code>line</code> primitive requires a start point and end point.</p>
				3239
				3240	<p>A <code>rectangle</code> primitive is specified by the pair of points at the
				3241	upper left and lower right corners.</p>
				3242
				3243	<p>A <code>roundRectangle</code> primitive takes the same corner points as
				3244	a <code>rectangle</code> followed by the width and height of the rounded corners
				3245	to be removed.</p>
				3246
				3247	<p>The <code>circle</code> primitive makes a disk (filled) or circle (unfilled).
				3248	Give the center and any point on the perimeter (boundary).</p>
				3249
				3250	<p>The <code>arc</code> primitive is used to inscribe an elliptical segment in
				3251	to a given rectangle. An <code>arc</code> requires the two corners used for
				3252	<code>rectangle</code> (see above) followed by the start and end angles of the
				3253	arc of the segment segment (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90). The start and end
				3254	points produced are then joined with a line segment and the resulting segment
				3255	of an ellipse is filled.</p>
				3256
				3257	<p>Use <code>ellipse</code> to draw a partial (or whole) ellipse. Give the
				3258	center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
				3259	the ellipse) and start and end angles in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150
				3260	0,360).</p>
				3261
				3262	<p>The <code>polyline</code> and <code>polygon</code> primitives require three or
				3263	more points to define their perimeters. A <code>polyline</code> is simply
				3264	a <code>polygon</code> in which the final point is not stroked to the start
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3265	point. When unfilled, this is a <var>polygonal line</var>. If the <a
				3266	href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3267	a <code>polyline</code> is identical to a <code>polygon</code>. </p>
				3268
				3269	<p>A <var>coordinate</var> is a pair of integers separated by a space or
				3270	optional comma. </p>
				3271
				3272	<p>As an example, to define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to
				3273	150,150 use:</p>
				3274
				3275	<pre>
				3276	-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
				3277	</pre>
				3278
				3279	<p>The <code>Bezier</code> primitive creates a spline curve and requires three
				3280	or points to define its shape. The first and last points are the
				3281	<var>knots</var> and these points are attained by the curve, while any
				3282	intermediate coordinates are <var>control points</var>. If two control points
				3283	are specified, the line between each end knot and its sequentially respective
				3284	control point determines the tangent direction of the curve at that end. If
				3285	one control point is specified, the lines from the end knots to the one
				3286	control point determines the tangent directions of the curve at each end. If
				3287	more than two control points are specified, then the additional control points
				3288	act in combination to determine the intermediate shape of the curve. In order
				3289	to draw complex curves, it is highly recommended either to use the
				3290	<code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
				3291	the start and end knots of each successive segment repeated. For example:</p>
				3292
				3293	<pre>
				3294	-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
				3295	-draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
				3296	</pre>
				3297
				3298	<p>A <code>path</code> represents an outline of an object, defined in terms of
				3299	moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line), curveto (draw
				3300	a Bezier curve), arc (elliptical or circular arc) and closepath (close the
				3301	current shape by drawing a line to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths
				3302	(i.e., a path with subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by
				3303	one or more line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3304	<var>donut holes</var> in objects. (See <a
				3305	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>.)</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3306
				3307	<p>Use <code>image</code> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
				3308	image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size, and
				3309	filename:</p>
				3310
				3311	<pre>
				3312	-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
				3313	</pre>
				3314
				3315	<p>You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
				3316	dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it is scaled to the given
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3317	dimensions. See <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/compose.html">Alpha Compositing</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3318	a detailed discussion of alpha composition methods that are available. </p>
				3319
				3320	<p>The "special augmented compose operators" such as "dissolve" that require
				3321	arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
				3322	</p>
				3323
				3324	<p>Use <code>text</code> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
				3325	coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it in
				3326	single or double quotes.</p>
				3327
				3328	<p>For example, the following annotates the image with <code>Works like
				3329	magick!</code> for an image titled <code>bird.miff</code>. </p>
				3330
				3331	<pre>
				3332	-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
				3333	</pre>
				3334
				3335	<p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient way
				3336	to annotate an image with text.</p>
				3337
				3338	<p>The <code>rotate</code> primitive rotates subsequent shape primitives and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3339	text primitives about the origin of the main image. If the <a
				3340	href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a> option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3341	option, the origin for transformations is the upper left corner of the
				3342	region.</p>
				3343
				3344	<p>The <code>translate</code> primitive translates subsequent shape and text
				3345	primitives.</p>
				3346
				3347	<p>The <code>scale</code> primitive scales them.</p>
				3348
				3349	<p>The <code>skewX</code> and <code>skewY</code> primitives skew them with respect
				3350	to the origin of the main image or the region.</p>
				3351
				3352	<p>The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
				3353	from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
				3354	option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
				3355	option. The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed
				3356	by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If another
				3357	<a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
				3358	reinitialized from the initial affine matrix.</p>
				3359
				3360	<p>Use the <code>color</code> primitive to change the color of a pixel to the
				3361	fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate with
				3362	a method:</p>
				3363
				3364	<pre>
				3365	point
				3366	replace
				3367	floodfill
				3368	filltoborder
				3369	reset
				3370	</pre>
				3371
				3372	<p>Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
				3373	<code>point</code> method recolors the target pixel. The <code>replace</code>
				3374	method recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3375	<code>Floodfill</code> recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
				3376	pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code> recolors any neighbor
				3377	pixel that is not the border color. Finally, <code>reset</code> recolors all
				3378	pixels.</p>
				3379
				3380	<p>Use <code>matte</code> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
				3381	Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <code>color</code> primitive
				3382	for a description of methods). The <code>point</code> method changes the matte
				3383	value of the target pixel. The <code>replace</code> method changes the matte
				3384	value of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
				3385	<code>Floodfill</code> changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the
				3386	color of the target pixel and is a neighbor, whereas <code>filltoborder</code>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3387	changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<a
				3388	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3389	matte value of all pixels.</p>
				3390
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3391	<p>You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box color with <a
				3392	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#box">-box</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3393	respectively. Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use
				3394	these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
				3395
				3396	<p>Strings that begin with a number must be quoted (e.g. use '1.png' rather
				3397	than 1.png).</p>
				3398
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3399	<p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3400	Vector Graphics</a> format.</p>
				3401
				3402
				3403	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3404	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
				3405	</div>
				3406
				3407	<p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
				3408
				3409	<p>Specify the count and the image to duplicate by its index in the sequence.
				3410	The first image is index 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the
				3411	sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
				3412	a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
				3413	0,2). Use <code>+duplicate</code> to duplicate the last image in the current
				3414	image sequence.</p>
				3415
				3416	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3417	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
				3418	</div>
				3419
				3420	<p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
				3421
				3422	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3423	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
				3424	</div>
				3425
				3426	<p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
				3427
				3428	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3429	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
				3430	</div>
				3431
				3432	<p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>.</p>
				3433
				3434	<p>Get the passphrase from the file specified by <var>filename</var>.</p>
				3435
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3436	<p>For more information, see the webpage, <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3437	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/cipher.html">ImageMagick: Encipher or
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3438	Decipher an Image</a>.</p>
				3439
				3440
				3441
				3442	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3443	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
				3444	</div>
				3445
				3446	<p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
				3447
				3448	<p>Choose from</p>
				3449
				3450	<pre>
				3451	AdobeCustom AdobeExpert
				3452	AdobeStandard AppleRoman
				3453	BIG5 GB2312
				3454	Latin 2 None
				3455	SJIScode Symbol
				3456	Unicode Wansung
				3457	</pre>
				3458
				3459	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3460	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
				3461	</div>
				3462
				3463	<p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the image.</p>
				3464
				3465	<p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list endian</a> option.</p>
				3466
				3467	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.</p>
				3468
				3469
				3470	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3471	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
				3472	</div>
				3473
				3474	<p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
				3475
				3476
				3477	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3478	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
				3479	</div>
				3480
				3481	<p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
				3482
				3483	<p>To perform histogram equalization on all channels in concert, transform the
				3484	image into some other color space, such as HSL, OHTA, YIQ or YUV, then
				3485	equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
				3486
				3487	<p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
				3488	-equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3489
				3490	<p>For YIQ, YUV and OHTA use the red channel. For example, OHTA is a principal
				3491	components transformation that puts most of the information in the first
				3492	channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
				3493	-colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
				3494
				3495	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3496	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
				3497	</div>
				3498
				3499	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression.</p>
				3500
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3501	<p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
				3502	multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3503	elaborate calculations are needed.)</p>
				3504
				3505	<p>The behaviors of each <var>operator</var> are summarized in the
				3506	following list. For brevity, the numerical value of a "pixel" referred to
				3507	below is the value of the corresponding channel of that pixel, while
				3508	a "normalized pixel" is that number divided by the maximum
				3509	(installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
				3510	normalized pixels are used, they are restored, following the other
				3511	calculations, to the full range by multiplying by <var>QuantumRange</var>.)</p>
				3512
				3513	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3514	<col width="25%" />
				3515	<col width="75%" />
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3516	<thead>
				3517	<tr>
				3518	<th><var>operator</var></th>
				3519	<th>Summary (see further below for details)</th>
				3520	</tr>
				3521	</thead>
				3522	<tbody>
				3523
				3524	<tr><td>Abs </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels and return absolute value. </td></tr>
				3525	<tr><td>Add </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels. </td></tr>
				3526	<tr><td>AddModulus </td> <td>Add <var>value</var> to pixels modulo <var>QuantumRange</var>.</td></tr>
				3527	<tr><td>And </td> <td>Binary AND of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3528	<tr><td>Cos, Cosine </td> <td>Apply cosine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3529	<tr><td>Divide </td> <td>Divide pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3530	<tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3531	<tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
				3532	<tr><td>LeftShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values left by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., multiply pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3533	<tr><td>Log </td> <td>Apply scaled logarithm to normalized pixels.</td></tr>
				3534	<tr><td>Max </td> <td>Set pixels to maximum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently less than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3535	<tr><td>Mean </td> <td>Add the <var>value</var> and divide by 2.</td></tr>
				3536	<tr><td>Median </td> <td>Choose the median value from an image sequence.</td></tr>
				3537	<tr><td>Min </td> <td>Set pixels to minimum of <var>value</var> and current pixel <var>value</var> (i.e. set any pixels currently greater than <var>value</var> to <var>value</var>).</td></tr>
				3538	<tr><td>Multiply </td> <td>Multiply pixels by <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3539	<tr><td>Or </td> <td>Binary OR of pixels with <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3540	<tr><td>Pow </td> <td>Raise normalized pixels to the power <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3541	<tr><td>RightShift </td> <td>Shift the pixel values right by <var>value</var> bits (i.e., divide pixels by 2<sup><var>value</var></sup>).</td></tr>
				3542	<tr><td>RMS</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3543	<tr><td>RootMeanSquare</td> <td>Square the pixel and add the <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3544	<tr><td>Set </td> <td>Set pixel equal to <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3545	<tr><td>Sin, Sine </td> <td>Apply sine to pixels with frequency <var>value</var> with 50% bias added.</td></tr>
				3546	<tr><td>Subtract </td> <td>Subtract <var>value</var> from pixels.</td></tr>
				3547	<tr><td>Xor </td> <td>Binary XOR of pixels with <var>value.</var></td></tr>
				3548
				3549	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3550
				3551	<tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3552	<tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3553	<tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3554	<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="command-line-options.html#noise" >-noise</a> operators.)</td></tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3555	<tr><td>PoissonNoise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3556	<tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
				3557
				3558	<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
				3559
				3560	<tr><td>Threshold </td> <td>Threshold pixels larger than <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3561	<tr><td>ThresholdBlack </td> <td>Threshold pixels to zero values equal to or below <var>value</var>.</td></tr>
				3562	<tr><td>ThresholdWhite </td> <td>Threshold pixels to maximum values above <var>value</var>. </td></tr>
				3563	</tbody>
				3564	</table>
				3565
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3566	<p>The specified functions are applied only to each previously set <a
				3567	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3568	calculations are truncated (clipped) to fit in the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The transparency channel of the image is
				3569	represented as a 'alpha' values (0 = fully transparent), so, for example, a
				3570	<code>Divide</code> by 2 of the alpha channel will make the image
				3571	semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
				3572	as a percentage of the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3573
				3574	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators, use
				3575	<a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
				3576
				3577	<p>The results of the <code>Add</code>, <code>Subtract</code> and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3578	<code>Multiply</code> methods can also be achieved using either the <a
				3579	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >+level</a> operator, with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3580	appropriate argument, to linearly modify the overall range of color values.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3581	Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparency as
				3582	'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3583	'alpha' values.</p>
				3584
				3585	<p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
				3586	addition modulo the <var>QuantumRange</var>. It is therefore
				3587	equivalent to <code>Add</code> unless the resulting pixel value is outside the
				3588	interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. </p>
				3589
				3590	<p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
				3591	works on normalized pixel values. The <var>value</var> used with
				3592	<code>Exp</code> should be negative so as to produce a decaying exponential
				3593	function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
				3594	thus outside the interval [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>]. The
				3595	formula is expressed below. </p>
				3596
				3597	<p class="text-center">
				3598	exp(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b>)
				3599	</p>
				3600
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3601	<p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
				3602	>-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3603	the result.</p>
				3604
				3605	<p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
				3606	normalized pixel values. This a <var>scaled</var> log function. The <var>value</var> used with <code>Log</code> provides a <var>scaling
				3607	factor</var> that adjusts the curvature in the graph of the log function. The
				3608	formula applied to a normalized value <b><var>u</var></b> is below. </p>
				3609
				3610	<p class="text-center">
				3611	log(<var>value</var> × <b><var>u</var></b> + 1) / log(<var>value</var> + 1)
				3612	</p>
				3613
				3614	<p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3615	normalized pixel values. Note that <code>Pow</code> is related to the <a
				3616	href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equivalent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3617	to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3618	with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value used
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3619	with <code>Pow</code>.</p>
				3620
				3621	<p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
				3622	converts the image values into a value according to a (co)sine wave function.
				3623	The synonyms <code>Cos</code> and <code>Sin</code> may also be used. The output
				3624	is biased 50% and normalized by 50% so as to fit in the respective color value
				3625	range. The <var>value</var> scaling of the <var>period</var> of the
				3626	function (its frequency), and thus determines the number of 'waves' that will
				3627	be generated over the input color range. For example, if the <var>value</var> is 1, the effective period is simply the <var>QuantumRange</var>; but if the <var>value</var> is 2,
				3628	then the effective period is the <var>half</var> the <var>QuantumRange</var>.</p>
				3629
				3630	<p class="text-center">
				3631	0.5 + 0.5 × cos(2 π <b><var>u</var></b> × <var>value</var>).
				3632	</p>
				3633
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3634	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3635	multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
				3636
				3637	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3638	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
				3639	</div>
				3640
				3641	<p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or
				3642	logical expression over a sequence of images.</p>
				3643
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3644	<p>To print a complete list of <a
				3645	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
				3646	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3647
				3648	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3649	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3650	</div>
				3651
				3652	<p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
				3653
				3654	<p>If the image is enlarged, unfilled areas are set to the background color.
				3655	To position the image, use offsets in the <var>geometry</var>
				3656	specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. To
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3657	specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				3658	>-compose</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3659
				3660	<p>This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
				3661	display. If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
				3662	image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas: </p>
				3663
				3664	<pre>
				3665	convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
				3666	-gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
				3667	</pre>
				3668
				3669	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3670
				3671	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3672	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
				3673	</div>
				3674
				3675	<p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
				3676
				3677	<p>This option is most useful for extracting a subregion of a very large raw
				3678	image. Note that these two commands are equivalent:</p>
				3679
				3680	<pre>
				3681	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
				3682	image.rgb image.png",
				3683	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
				3684	image.rgb image.png"
				3685	</pre>
				3686
				3687	<p>If you omit the offsets, as in</p>
				3688
				3689	<pre>
				3690	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
				3691	image.rgb image.png
				3692	</pre>
				3693
				3694	<p>the image is <var>resized</var> to the specified dimensions instead,
				3695	equivalent to:</p>
				3696
				3697	<pre>
				3698	convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
				3699	</pre>
				3700
				3701	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				3702
				3703	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3704	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
				3705	</div>
				3706
				3707	<p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
				3708
				3709	<p>This setting suggests a font family that ImageMagick should try to use for
				3710	rendering text. If the family can be found it is used; if not, a default font
				3711	(e.g., "Arial") or a family known to be similar is substituted (e.g.,
				3712	"Courier" might be used if "System" is requested but not found). </p>
				3713
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3714	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				3715	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				3716	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3717
				3718	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3719	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
				3720	</div>
				3721
				3722	<p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each channel in the image in each of four directions (horizontal, vertical, left and right diagonals) for the specified distance.</p>
				3723
				3724	<pre>
				3725	Angular Second Moment Sum Entropy
				3726	Contrast Entropy
				3727	Correlation Difference Variance
				3728	Sum of Squares Variance Difference Entropy
				3729	Inverse Difference Moment Information Measure of Correlation 1
				3730	Sum Average Information Measure of Correlation 2
				3731	Sum Variance Maximum Correlation Coefficient
				3732	</pre>
				3733
				3734	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3735	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
				3736	</div>
				3737
				3738	<p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				3739
				3740	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				3741	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
				3742	(spatial) domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, an image is
				3743	represented as a superposition of complex sinusoidal waves of varying
				3744	amplitudes. The image x and y coordinates are the possible frequencies along
				3745	the x and y directions, respectively, and the pixel intensity values are
				3746	complex numbers that correspond to the sinusoidal wave amplitudes. See for
				3747	example, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier
				3748	Transform</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier
				3749	Transform</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier
				3750	Transform</a>.</p>
				3751
				3752	<p>A single image name is provided as output for this option. However, the
				3753	output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
				3754	separate images, depending upon whether the image format specified supports
				3755	multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
				3756	frequency domain represents an image using complex numbers, which cannot be
				3757	visualized directly. Therefore, the complex values are automagically separated
				3758	into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
				3759	magnitude of the complex number and the second is the phase of the complex
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3760	number. See for example, <a
				3761	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_numbers">Complex Numbers</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3762
				3763	<p>The magnitude and phase component images must be specified using image
				3764	formats that do not limit the color or compress the image. Thus, MIFF, TIF,
				3765	PFM, EXR and PNG are the recommended image formats to use. All of these
				3766	formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
				3767
				3768	<pre>
				3769	convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
				3770	</pre>
				3771
				3772	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image.miff[0]</code> and a phase
				3773	image as <code>fft_image.miff[1]</code>. Similarly,</p>
				3774
				3775	<pre>
				3776	convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
				3777	</pre>
				3778
				3779	<p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
				3780	as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3781	force any of the other formats to produce two output images by including <a
				3782	href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3783
				3784	<p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
				3785	is padded automagically to the larger of the width or height of the input
				3786	image and to an even number of pixels. The padding will occur at the bottom
				3787	and/or right sides of the input image. The resulting output magnitude and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3788	phase images is square at this size. The kind of padding relies on the <a
				3789	href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3790
				3791	<p>Both output components will have dynamic ranges that fit within
				3792	[0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
				3793	Phase values nominally range from 0 to 2*π, but is scaled to span the full
				3794	dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
				3795	scaled). The magnitude image is not scaled and thus generally will contain
				3796	very small values. As such, the image normally will appear totally black. In
				3797	order to view any detail, the magnitude image typically is enhanced with a log
				3798	function into what is usually called the spectrum. A log function is used to
				3799	enhance the darker values more in comparison to the lighter values. This can
				3800	be done, for example, as follows:</p>
				3801
				3802	<pre>
				3803	convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
				3804	-evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
				3805	</pre>
				3806
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3807	<p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
				3808	href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dynamic
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3809	range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
				3810	typically is specified between 100 and 10,000, depending upon the amount of
				3811	detail that one wants to bring out in the spectrum. Larger values produce more
				3812	visible detail. Too much detail, however, may hide the important features.</p>
				3813
				3814	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				3815	use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
				3816
				3817	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the real
				3818	and imaginary components of the complex valued Fourier transform.</p>
				3819
				3820	<p>However, as the real and imaginary components can contain negative values,
				3821	this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
				3822	use either MIFF, TIF, PFM or MPC formats for the real and imaginary component
				3823	results, since they are formats that preserve both negative and fractional
				3824	values without clipping them or truncating the fractional part. With either
				3825	MIFF or TIF, one should add -define quantum:format=32, to allow those image
				3826	types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
				3827
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3828	<p>The real and imaginary component images resulting from <a
				3829	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3830	padding that was discussed above for the magnitude and phase component
				3831	images.</p>
				3832
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3833	<p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
				3834	href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
				3835	about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3836	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3837	href="http://www.fmwconcepts.com/imagemagick/fourier_transforms/fourier.html"
				3838	>Fred's Fourier Processing With ImageMagick page</a> or this <a
				3839	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_dynamic_range_imaging" >Wikipedia</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3840	entry. </p>
				3841
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3842	<p>By default the FFT is normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=forward</code> to explicitly normalize the FFT and unnormalize the IFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3843
				3844
				3845	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3846	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
				3847	</div>
				3848
				3849	<p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
				3850
				3851	<p>This option accepts a color name, a hex color, or a numerical RGB, RGBA,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3852	HSL, HSLA, CMYK, or CMYKA specification. See <a href="color.html" >Color Names</a> for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3853	a description of how to properly specify the color argument.</p>
				3854
				3855	<p>Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#" or
				3856	the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</p>
				3857
				3858	<p>For example,</p>
				3859
				3860	<pre>
				3861	-fill blue
				3862	-fill "#ddddff"
				3863	-fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
				3864	</pre>
				3865
				3866	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				3867
				3868	<p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list color</a> option.</p>
				3869
				3870	<div style="margin: auto;">
				3871	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
				3872	</div>
				3873
				3874	<p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an image.</p>
				3875
				3876	<p>Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image during
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3877	operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				3878	>-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3879
				3880	<pre>
				3881	Point Hermite Cubic
				3882	Box Gaussian Catrom
				3883	Triangle Quadratic Mitchell
				3884	</pre>
				3885
				3886	<p>The <code>Bessel</code> and <code>Sinc</code> filter is also provided (as well
				3887	as a faster <code>SincFast</code> equivalent form). However these filters are
				3888	generally useless on their own as they are infinite filters that are being
				3889	clipped to the filters support size. Their direct use is not recommended
				3890	except via expert settings (see below). </p>
				3891
				3892	<p>Instead these special filter functions are typically windowed by a windowing
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3893	function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3894	using these functions will define a 'Windowed' filter, appropriate to the
				3895	operator involved. Windowed filters include: </p>
				3896
				3897	<pre>
				3898	Lanczos Hamming Parzen
				3899	Blackman Kaiser Welsh
				3900	Hanning Bartlett Bohman
				3901	</pre>
				3902
				3903	<p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
				3904	<code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
				3905	on the current 'support' or 'lobes' expert settings (see below).</p>
				3906
				3907	<p>If you do not select a filter with this option, the filter defaults to
				3908	<code>Mitchell</code> for a colormapped image, an image with a matte channel, or
				3909	if the image is enlarged. Otherwise the filter default to
				3910	<code>Lanczos</code>.</p>
				3911
				3912	<p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				3913	filter</a> option.</p>
				3914
				3915	<p>You can modify how the filter behaves as it scales your image through the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3916	use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and <a
				3917	href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3918
				3919	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				3920	<tr>
				3921	<td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
				3922	<td>Scale the X axis of the filter (and its window). Use > 1.0 for
				3923	blurry or < 1.0 for sharp. This should only be used with Gaussian and
				3924	Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
				3925	results. </td>
				3926	</tr>
				3927
				3928	<tr>
				3929	<td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
				3930	<td>Set the filter support radius. Defines how large the filter should be and
				3931	thus directly defines how slow the filtered resampling process is. All
				3932	filters have a default 'preferred' support size. Some filters like
				3933	<code>Lagrange</code> and windowed filters adjust themselves depending on
				3934	this value. With simple filters this value either does nothing (but slow
				3935	the resampling), or will clip the filter function in a detrimental way.
				3936	</td>
				3937	</tr>
				3938
				3939	<tr>
				3940	<td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
				3941	<td>Set the number of lobes to use for the Sinc/Bessel filter. This an
				3942	alternative way of specifying the 'support' range of the filter, that is
				3943	designed to be more suited to windowed filters, especially when used for
				3944	image distorts.</td>
				3945	</tr>
				3946
				3947	<tr>
				3948	<td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
				3949	<td>The 'sigma' value used to define the <code>Gaussian</code> filter. Default
				3950	sigma value is '<code>0.5</code>'. It only effects <code>Gaussian</code> but
				3951	does not shrink (but may enlarge) the filter's 'support'. It can be used
				3952	to generate very small blurs but without the filter 'missing' pixels due
				3953	to using a small support setting. A larger value of '<code>0.707</code>'
				3954	(a value of '1/sqrt(2)') is another common setting. </td>
				3955	</tr>
				3956
				3957	<tr>
				3958	<td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
Cristy	579a0cb	2016-11-26 12:27:17 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3959	</tr>
				3960
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	3961	<tr>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	3962	<td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
				3963	<td>Redefine the values used for cubic filters such as <code>Cubic</code>,
				3964	<code>Catrom</code>, <code>Mitchel</code>, and <code>Hermite</code>, as well as
				3965	the <code>Parzen</code> cubic windowing function. If only one of the values
				3966	are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
				3967	The values meaning was defined by a research paper by
				3968	Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
				3969	</tr>
				3970
				3971	<tr>
				3972	<td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
				3973	<td>The 'alpha' value used to as part of the Kaiser Windowing function.
				3974	Default value is '6.5'. It only effects Kaiser windowing function, and
				3975	does not effect any other attributes.
				3976	Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
				3977	inheritance from the very old "zoom" program). It was changed to bring the
				3978	function in line with more modern academic research usage, and better
				3979	assign it be more definitive. </td>
				3980	</tr>
				3981
				3982	<tr>
				3983	<td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
				3984	<td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
				3985	will override that setting. It only effects Kaiser windowing function,
				3986	and does not effect any other attributes. </td>
				3987	</tr>
				3988
				3989	<tr>
				3990	<td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				3991	<td>Use this function directly as the weighting filter. This will allow
				3992	you to directly use a windowing function such as <code>Blackman</code>,
				3993	as a resampling filter, rather than as its normal usage as a windowing
				3994	function. If defined, no windowing function also defined, the window function is set
				3995	to <code>Box</code>). Directly specifying <code>Sinc</code> or <code>Jinc</code>
				3996	as a filter will also do this. </td>
				3997	</tr>
				3998
				3999	<tr>
				4000	<td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
				4001	<td>The IIR (infinite impulse response) filters <code>Sinc</code> and
				4002	<code>Jinc</code> are windowed (brought down to zero over the defined
				4003	support range) with the given filter. This allows you to specify a filter
				4004	function to be used as a windowing function for these IIR filters.
				4005	Many of the defined filters are actually windowing functions for these IIR
				4006	filters. A typical choices is <code>Box</code>, (which effectively turns
				4007	off the windowing function). </td>
				4008	</tr>
				4009
				4010	<tr>
				4011	<td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
				4012	<td>Scale windowing function to this size instead. This causes the windowing
				4013	(or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
				4014	larger than what is actually supplied to the calling operator. The filter
				4015	however is still clipped to the real support size given. If unset this
				4016	will equal the normal filter support size. </td>
				4017	</tr>
				4018
				4019	<tr>
				4020	<td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
				4021	<td>This causes IM to print information on the final internal filter
				4022	selection to standard output. This includes a commented header on the
				4023	filter settings being used, and data allowing the filter weights to be
				4024	easily graphed. Note however that some filters are internally defined in terms of other filters. The <code>Lanczos</code> filter for example is defined in terms of
				4025	a <code>SincFast</code> windowed <code>SincFast</code> filter, while
				4026	<code>Mitchell</code> is defined as a general <code>Cubic</code> family filter
				4027	with specific 'B' and 'C' settings. </td>
				4028	</tr>
				4029
				4030	</table>
				4031
				4032	<p>For example, to get a 8 lobe jinc windowed sinc filter (Genseng filter?):</p>
				4033
				4034	<pre>
				4035	convert image.png \
				4036	-filter sinc \
				4037	-set filter:window=jinc \
				4038	-set filter:lobes=8 \
				4039	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				4040	</pre>
				4041
				4042	<p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
				4043
				4044	<pre>
				4045	convert image.png \
				4046	-set filter:filter=sinc \
				4047	-set filter:lobes=4 \
				4048	-resize 150% image.jpg"
				4049	</pre>
				4050
				4051	<p>To extract the data for a raw windowing function, combine it with
				4052	a '<code>Box</code>' filter. For example the '<code>Welch</code> parabolic
				4053	windowing function. </p>
				4054
				4055	<pre>
				4056	convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
				4057	-define filter:window=Welch \
				4058	-define filter:support=1.0 \
				4059	-define filter:verbose=1 \
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4060	-resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4061	gnuplot
				4062	set grid
				4063	plot \"window_welch.dat\" with lines
				4064	</pre>
				4065
				4066	<p>Note that the use of expert options is provided for image processing experts
				4067	who have studied and understand how resize filters work. Without this
				4068	knowledge, and an understanding of the definition of the actual filters
				4069	involved, using expert settings are more likely to be detrimental to your image
				4070	resizing.</p>
				4071
				4072
				4073	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4074	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
				4075	</div>
				4076
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4077	<p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "flatten".</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4078
				4079
				4080	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4081	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
				4082	</div>
				4083
				4084	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
				4085
				4086	<p>reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction. The image will be mirrored
				4087	upside-down. </p>
				4088
				4089
				4090	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4091	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var> <var>color</var></h3>
				4092	</div>
				4093
				4094	<p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
				4095
				4096	<p>Flood fill starts from the given 'seed point' which is not gravity effected.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4097	Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4098	given <var>color</var> argument, connected to that 'seed point'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4099	will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4100
				4101	<p>Note that if the pixel at the 'seed point' does not itself match the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4102	<var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4103	action will be taken. </p>
				4104
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4105	<p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option, than
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4106	a more general flood fill that reads the matching color directly at the 'seed
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4107	point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4108	its 'color floodfill' drawing method. </p>
				4109
				4110
				4111	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4112	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
				4113	</div>
				4114
				4115	<p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
				4116
				4117	<p>Reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction, just like the image in
				4118	a vertical mirror. </p>
				4119
				4120
				4121	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4122	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
				4123	</div>
				4124
				4125	<p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating labels.</p>
				4126
				4127	<p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</a>
				4128	option (for versions prior to 6.3.6, use 'type' instead of 'font').</p>
				4129
				4130	<p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
				4131	also specify a font from a specific source. For example <code>Arial.ttf</code>
				4132	is a TrueType font file, <code>ps:helvetica</code> is PostScript font, and
				4133	<code>x:fixed</code> is X11 font.</p>
				4134
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4135	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				4136	href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, <a
				4137	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4138
				4139
				4140	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4141	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
				4142	</div>
				4143
				4144	<p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
				4145
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4146	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a
				4147	href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4148
				4149	<p>The default foreground color is black.</p>
				4150
				4151	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4152	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
				4153	</div>
				4154
				4155	<p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
				4156
				4157	<p>When used with the <code>mogrify</code> utility, this option converts any
				4158	image to the image <a href="formats.html">format</a> you specify.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4159	For a list of image format types supported by ImageMagick, use <a
				4160	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4161
				4162	<p>By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
				4163	filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced with
				4164	the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
				4165	example, if you specify <var>tiff</var> as the format type and the
				4166	input image filename is <var>image.gif</var>, the output image
				4167	filename becomes <var>image.tiff</var>.</p>
				4168
				4169	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4170	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
				4171	</div>
				4172
				4173	<p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
				4174
				4175	<p>See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4176	Properties</a> for an explanation on how to specify the argument to this
				4177	option.</p>
				4178
				4179	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4180	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4181	</div>
				4182
				4183	<p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
				4184
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4185	<p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor"
				4186	>-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4187
				4188	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var> argument indicates the amount of extra width and
				4189	height that is added to the dimensions of the image. If no offsets are given
				4190	in the <var>geometry</var> argument, then the border added is
				4191	a solid color. Offsets <var>x</var> and <var>y</var>, if present, specify that
				4192	the width and height of the border is partitioned to form an outer bevel of
				4193	thickness <var>x</var> pixels and an inner bevel of thickness
				4194	<var>y</var> pixels. Negative offsets make no sense as frame arguments.
				4195	</p>
				4196
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4197	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
				4198	href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the default
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4199	'<code>Over</code>' composition method. It generates an image of the appropriate
				4200	size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and then
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4201	draws the frame of four distinct colors close to the current <a
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4202	href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid onto
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4203	center of this image. This means that with the default compose method of
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4204	'<code>Over</code>' any transparent parts may be replaced by the current <a
				4205	href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4206
				4207	<p>The image composition is not
				4208	affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
				4209
				4210
				4211	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4212	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
				4213	</div>
				4214
				4215	<p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
				4216	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4217	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
				4218	</div>
				4219
				4220	<p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
				4221
				4222	<p>This operator performs calculations based on the given arguments to modify
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4223	each of the color values for each previously set <a
				4224	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
				4225	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4226	calculations are handled.</p>
				4227
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4228	<p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
				4229	href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4230	ImageMagick 6.4.8−8.)</p>
				4231
				4232	<p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
				4233	numerical values. The number of values varies depending on which <var>function</var> is selected. Choose the <var>function</var> from:</p>
				4234
				4235	<pre>
				4236	Polynomial
				4237	Sinusoid
				4238	Arcsin
				4239	Arctan
				4240	</pre>
				4241
				4242	<p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
				4243	use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
				4244
				4245	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4246	<dt>Polynomial</dt>
				4247	<dd><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of parameters,
				4248	these being the coefficients of a polynomial, in decreasing order of degree.
				4249	That is, entering</p>
				4250
				4251	<pre>
				4252	-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub>,...<var>a</var><sub>1</sub>,<var>a</var><sub>0</sub>
				4253	</pre>
				4254
				4255	<p>will invoke a polynomial function given by</p>
				4256
				4257	<pre>
				4258	<var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>-1</sup> + ··· <var>a</var><sub>1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>a</var><sub>0</sub>,
				4259	</pre>
				4260
				4261	<p>where <b><var>u</var></b> is pixel's original normalized channel value.</p>
				4262
				4263	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function can be used in place of <code>Set</code>
				4264	(the <var>constant</var> polynomial) and <code>Add</code>, <code>Divide</code>,
				4265	<code>Multiply</code>, and <code>Subtract</code> (some <var>linear</var>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4266	polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
				4267	href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4268	correspondences follow.</p>
				4269
				4270	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4271	<tr>
				4272	<td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
				4273	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
				4274	<td>(Constant functions; set <var>value</var>×100% gray when channels are RGB.)</td>
				4275	</tr>
				4276	<tr>
				4277	<td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
				4278	<td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
				4279	</tr>
				4280	<tr>
				4281	<td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
				4282	<td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
				4283	</tr>
				4284	<tr>
				4285	<td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
				4286	<td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
				4287	</tr>
				4288	<tr>
				4289	<td>+level black% x white%</td>
				4290	<td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
				4291	<td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
				4292	</tr>
				4293	</table>
				4294
				4295	<p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function gives great versatility, since
				4296	polynomials can be used to fit any continuous curve to any degree of accuracy
				4297	desired.</p>
				4298
				4299	</dd>
				4300	<dt>Sinusoid</dt>
				4301	<dd>
				4302	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function can be used to vary the channel values
				4303	sinusoidally by setting frequency, phase shift, amplitude, and a bias. These
				4304	values are given as one to four parameters, as follows,</p>
				4305
				4306	<pre>
				4307	-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<var>amp</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4308	</pre>
				4309
				4310	<p>where <var>phase</var> is in degrees. (The domain [0,1] of the function
				4311	corresponds to 0 through <var>freq</var>×360 degrees.)
				4312	The result is that if a pixel's normalized channel value is originally
				4313	<b><var>u</var></b>, its resulting normalized value is given by </p>
				4314
				4315	<pre>
				4316	<var>amp</var> * sin(2π (<var>freq</var> * <b><var>u</var></b> + <var>phase</var> / 360)) + <var>bias</var>
				4317	</pre>
				4318
				4319	<p> For example, the following generates a curve that starts and ends at 0.9
				4320	(when <b><var>u</var></b>=0 and 1, resp.), oscillating three times between
				4321	.7−.2=.5 and .7+.2=.9. </p>
				4322
				4323	<pre>
				4324	-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
				4325	</pre>
				4326
				4327	<p>The default values of <var>amp</var> and <var>bias</var> are both .5. The default for <var>phase</var>
				4328	is 0.</p>
				4329
				4330	<p>The <code>Sinusoid</code> function generalizes <code>Sin</code> and
				4331	<code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allowing
				4332	varying amplitude, phase and bias. The correspondence is as follows.</p>
				4333
				4334	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				4335	<tr>
				4336	<td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
				4337	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
				4338	</tr>
				4339	<tr>
				4340	<td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
				4341	<td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
				4342	</tr>
				4343	</table>
				4344	</dd>
				4345	<dt>ArcSin</dt>
				4346	<dd>
				4347	<p>The <code>ArcSin</code> function generates the inverse curve of a Sinusoid,
				4348	and can be used to generate cylindrical distortion and displacement maps.
				4349	The curve can be adjusted relative to both the input values and output range
				4350	of values.</p>
				4351
				4352	<pre>
				4353	-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4354	</pre>
				4355
				4356	<p>with all values given in terms of normalized color values (0.0 for black,
				4357	1.0 for white). Defaulting to values covering the full range from 0.0 to 1.0
				4358	for bout input (<var>width</var>), and output (<var>width</var>) values. '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>' </p>
				4359
				4360	<pre>
				4361	<var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4362	</pre>
				4363
				4364	</dd>
				4365	<dt>ArcTan</dt>
				4366	<dd>
				4367	<p>The <code>ArcTan</code> function generates a curve that smooth crosses from
				4368	limit values at infinities, though a center using the given slope value.
				4369	All these values can be adjusted via the arguments.</p>
				4370
				4371	<pre>
				4372	-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<var>range</var>,[<var>bias</var>]]]
				4373	</pre>
				4374
				4375	<p>Defaulting to '<code>1.0,0.5,1.0,0.5</code>'.
				4376	</p>
				4377
				4378	<pre>
				4379	<var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>π ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) ) + <var>bias</var>
				4380	</pre>
				4381	</dd>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4382	</dl>
				4383
				4384
				4385
				4386	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4387	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				4388	</div>
				4389
				4390	<p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
				4391
				4392	<p>A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color must
				4393	be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close to the target color
				4394	in RGB space. For example, if you want to automagically trim the edges of an
				4395	image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the target
				4396	background color may differ by a small amount. This option can account for
				4397	these differences.</p>
				4398
				4399	<p>The <var>distance</var> can be in absolute intensity units or, by
				4400	appending <code>%</code> as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
				4401	65535, or 4294967295).</p>
				4402
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4403	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4404
				4405
				4406	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4407	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
				4408	</div>
				4409
				4410	<p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
				4411
				4412	<p>If the first character of <var>expression</var> is <code>@</code>,
				4413	the expression is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
				4414	string.</p>
				4415
				4416	<p>See <a href="fx.html">FX,
				4417	The Special Effects Image Operator</a> for a detailed discussion of this
				4418	option.</p>
				4419
				4420
				4421	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4422	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
				4423	</div>
				4424
				4425	<p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
				4426
				4427	<p>The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
				4428	different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma correction to
				4429	adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend from
				4430	<code>0.8</code> to <code>2.3</code>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
				4431	gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
				4432	result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size is only
				4433	eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</p>
				4434
				4435	<p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
				4436	a power law, namely, pow(pixel,1/gamma) or pixel^(1/gamma), where pixel is the
				4437	normalized or 0 to 1 color value. For example, using a value of gamma=2 is the
				4438	same as taking the square root of the image.</p>
				4439
				4440	<p>You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels of
				4441	the image with a gamma value list delimited with commas (e.g.,
				4442	<code>1.7,2.3,1.2</code>).</p>
				4443
				4444	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
				4445	image gamma level without actually adjusting the image pixels. This option
				4446	is useful if the image is of a known gamma but not set as an image attribute
				4447	(e.g. PNG images). Write the "file gamma" which is the reciprocal of the
				4448	display gamma; e.g., if your image is sRGB and you want to write a PNG gAMA
				4449	chunk, use</p>
				4450
				4451	<pre>
				4452	convert input.png +gamma .45455 output.png
				4453	</pre>
				4454
				4455	<p>(0.45455 is 1/2.2)</p>
				4456
				4457	<p>Note that gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator.</p>
				4458
				4459	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4460	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4461	</div>
				4462
				4463	<p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
				4464
				4465	<p>Convolve the image with a Gaussian or normal distribution using the given
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4466	<var >Sigma</var> value. The formula is:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4467
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4468	<p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height="42px" src="../images/gaussian-blur.png"/> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4469
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4470	<p>The <var >Sigma</var> value is the important argument, and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4471	determines the actual amount of blurring that will take place. </p>
				4472
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4473	<p>The <var >Radius</var> is only used to determine the size of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4474	array which will hold the calculated Gaussian distribution. It should be an
				4475	integer. If not given, or set to zero, IM will calculate the largest possible
				4476	radius that will provide meaningful results for the Gaussian distribution.
				4477	</p>
				4478
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4479	<p>The larger the <var >Radius</var> the radius the slower the
				4480	operation is. However too small a <var >Radius</var>, and sever
				4481	aliasing effects may result. As a guideline, <var >Radius</var>
				4482	should be at least twice the <var >Sigma</var> value, though three
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4483	times will produce a more accurate result. </p>
				4484
				4485	<p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that a
				4486	full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
				4487	neighboring pixels. </p>
				4488
				4489	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				4490	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				4491	</p>
				4492
				4493
				4494	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4495	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4496	</div>
				4497
				4498	<p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
				4499
				4500	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4501
				4502	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4503	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
				4504	</div>
				4505
				4506	<p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and options.</p>
				4507
				4508	<p>Choices include: <code>NorthWest</code>, <code>North</code>,
				4509	<code>NorthEast</code>, <code>West</code>, <code>Center</code>, <code>East</code>,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4510	<code>SouthWest</code>, <code>South</code>, <code>SouthEast</code>. Use <a
				4511	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
				4512	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4513	installation.</p>
				4514
				4515	<p>The direction you choose specifies where to position text or subimages. For
				4516	example, a gravity of <code>Center</code> forces the text to be centered within
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4517	the image. By default, the image gravity is <code>undefined</code>. See <a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4518	href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
				4519	text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
				4520	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4521
				4522	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with the
				4523	<a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4524	take <var>geometry</var> as an argument, such as the <a
				4525	href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4526
				4527	<p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another option
				4528	or setting having a <var>geometry</var> argument that specifies an
				4529	offset, the offset is usually applied to the point within the image suggested
				4530	by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
				4531	command, for example, suppose the file <code>image.png</code> has dimensions
				4532	200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region</a>
				4533	is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
				4534	<code>Center</code>, which suggests the midpoint of the image, at the point
				4535	(100,50). The offset (−40,20) is applied to that point, giving
				4536	(100−40,50+20)=(60,70), so the specified 10x10 region is located at
				4537	that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
				4538	region itself, which is <var>centered</var> at the pixel
				4539	coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.)</p>
				4540
				4541	<pre>
				4542	convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
				4543	-negate output.png
				4544	</pre>
				4545
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4546	<p>When used as an option to <a href="composite.html">composite</a>, <a
				4547	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4548	within the composite.</p>
				4549
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4550	<p>When used as an option to <a href="montage.html">montage</a>, <a
				4551	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4552	within a tile. The default gravity is <code>Center</code> for this purpose.</p>
				4553
				4554
				4555	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4556	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
				4557	</div>
				4558
				4559	<p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
				4560
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4561	<p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4562	convert the given image into a linear-grayscale image. </p>
				4563
				4564	<p>For example, to convert an image to (linear) Rec709Luminance grayscale, type:</p>
				4565
				4566	<pre>
				4567	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
				4568	</pre>
				4569
				4570	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4571
				4572	<pre>
				4573	convert in.png -colorspace gray out.png
				4574	</pre>
				4575
				4576	<p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
				4577
				4578	<pre>
				4579	convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
				4580	</pre>
				4581
				4582	<p>which is equivalent to:</p>
				4583
				4584	<pre>
				4585	convert in.png -set colorspace RGB -colorspace gray out.png
				4586	</pre>
				4587
				4588	<p>Note that a 'colorspace' intensity method will produce the same result
				4589	regardless of the current colorpsace of the image. But a 'mathematical'
				4590	intensity method will depend on the current colorspace the image is currently
				4591	using. </p>
				4592
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4593	<p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> method,
				4594	it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4595	will not effect other operations that may use that setting.</p>
				4596
				4597
				4598	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4599	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				4600	</div>
				4601
				4602	<p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
				4603
				4604
				4605	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4606	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
				4607	</div>
				4608
				4609	<p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
				4610
				4611	<p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
				4612	dimensions. Create it with the <code>HALD:</code> prefix (e.g. HALD:8). You
				4613	can apply any color transformation to the Hald image and then use this option
				4614	to apply the transform to the image. </p>
				4615
				4616	<pre>
				4617	convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
				4618	</pre>
				4619
				4620	<p>This option provides a convenient method for you to use Gimp or Photoshop
				4621	to make color corrections to the Hald CLUT image and subsequently apply them
				4622	to multiple images using an ImageMagick script. </p>
				4623
				4624	<p>Note that the representation is only of the normal RGB color space and that
				4625	the whole color value triplet is used for the interpolated lookup of the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4626	represented Hald color cube image. Because of this the operation is not <a
				4627	href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting effected, nor can it adjust or modify an
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4628	images transparency or alpha/matte channel.</p>
				4629
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4630	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacement
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4631	of the individual color channels, usually involving a simpler grayscale
				4632	image. E.g: grayscale to color replacement, or modification by a histogram
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4633	mapping. </p>
				4634
				4635
				4636	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4637	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="help"></a>-help</h3>
				4638	</div>
				4639
				4640	<p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
				4641
				4642	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4643	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				4644	</div>
				4645
				4646	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				4647
				4648	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4649	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
				4650	</div>
				4651
				4652	<p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
				4653
				4654	<p>Use the Hough line detector with any binary edge extracted image to locate and draw any straight lines that it finds.</p>
				4655
				4656	<p>The process accumulates counts for every white pixel in the binary edge image for every possible orientation (for angles from 0 to 179 in 1 deg increments) and distance from the center of the image to the corners (in 1 px increments). It stores the counts in an accumulator matrix of angle vs distance. The size of the accumulator will be 180x(diagonal/2). Next it searches the accumulator for peaks in counts and converts the locations of the peaks to slope and intercept in the normal x,y input image space. The algorithm uses slope/intercepts to find the endpoints clipped to the bounds of the image. The lines are drawn from the given endpoints. The counts are a measure of the length of the lines.</p>.
				4657
				4658	<p>The WxH arguments specify the filter size for locating the peaks in the Hough accumulator. The threshold excludes lines whose counts are less than the threshold value.</p>
				4659
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4660	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the color of the background onto which the lines will be drawn. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4661
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4662	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the lines. The default is black.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4663
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4664	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth" >-strokewidth</a></code> to specify the thickness of the lines. The default is black and no strokewidth.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4665
				4666	<p>A text file listing the endpoints and counts may be created by using the suffix, .mvg, for the output image.</p>
				4667
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4668	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</code> to return the accumulator image in addition to the lines image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4669
				4670	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4671	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
				4672	</div>
				4673
				4674	<p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
				4675
				4676	<p>Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in the same
				4677	manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
				4678	handle negative offsets.</p>
				4679
				4680	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				4681
				4682	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4683	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
				4684	</div>
				4685
				4686	<p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
				4687
				4688	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4689	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
				4690	</div>
				4691
				4692	<p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
				4693
				4694	<p>This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
				4695	the image class (<var>DirectClass</var> or <var>PseudoClass</var>); the total number of unique colors; and the
				4696	number of seconds to read and transform the image. Refer to <a href="miff.html">MIFF</a> for
				4697	a description of the image class.</p>
				4698
				4699	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique colors
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4700	in the image and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4701	href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html">color
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4702	reduction algorithm</a> for a description of these values.</p>
				4703
				4704	<p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
				4705	amounts of image properties are displayed including image statistics, profiles,
				4706	image histogram, and others.</p>
				4707
				4708	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4709	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
				4710	</div>
				4711
				4712	<p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
				4713
				4714	<p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
				4715	users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
				4716	images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal or spatial
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4717	domain. See for example, <a
				4718	href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform">Fourier Transform</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4719	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT">Discrete Fourier Transform</a> and
				4720	<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFT">Fast Fourier Transform</a>.</p>
				4721
				4722	<p>For example, depending upon the image format used to store the result of
				4723	the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
				4724
				4725	<pre>
				4726	convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4727	</pre>
				4728
				4729	<p>or</p>
				4730
				4731	<pre>
				4732	convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
				4733	</pre>
				4734
				4735	<p>The resulting image may need to be cropped due to padding introduced when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4736	the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
				4737	href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4738	the right and/or bottom sides of the image.</p>
				4739
				4740	<p>The <a href="http://www.fftw.org/">FFTW</a> delegate library is required to
				4741	use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
				4742
				4743	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of real
				4744	and imaginary images from the frequency domain to a single image in the normal
				4745	(spatial) domain.</p>
				4746
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4747	<p>By default the IFT is not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> fourier:normalize=inverse</code> to explicitly normalize the IFT and unnormalize the FFT.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4748
				4749	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4750	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
				4751	</div>
				4752
				4753	<p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
				4754
				4755	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4756	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
				4757	</div>
				4758
				4759	<p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
				4760
				4761	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4762	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
				4763	</div>
				4764
				4765	<p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
				4766
				4767	<p>This option takes last image in the current image sequence and inserts it
				4768	at the given index. If a negative index is used, the insert position is
				4769	calculated before the last image is removed from the sequence. As such
				4770	<code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
				4771
				4772	<p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
				4773	other words, insert the last image, at the end of the current image sequence.
				4774	Consequently this has no effect on the image sequence order.</p>
				4775
				4776	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4777	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
				4778	</div>
				4779
				4780	<p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
				4781
				4782	<p>ImageMagick provides a number of methods used in situations where an
				4783	operator needs to determine a single grayscale value for some purpose, from
				4784	an image with red, green, and blue pixel components. Typically the linear
				4785	<code>Rec709Luminance</code> formula is used, which is the same formula used when
				4786	converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code>. </p>
				4787
				4788	<p>The following formulas are currently provided, and will first convert
				4789	the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
				4790	being applied to calculate the final greyscale value. </p>
				4791
				4792	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4793	<dt>Rec601Luma</dt><dd> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'</dd>
				4794	<dt>Rec601Luminance</dt><dd> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</dd>
				4795	<dt>Rec709Luma</dt><dd> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'</dd>
				4796	<dt>Rec709Luminance</dt><dd> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</dd>
				4797	<dt>Brightness</dt><dd> max(R', G', B')</dd>
				4798	<dt>Lightness</dt><dd> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) / 2.0</dd>
				4799	</dl>
				4800
				4801	<p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
				4802	R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
				4803
				4804	<p>These intensity methods are mathematical in nature and will use the
				4805	current value in the images respective R,G,B channel regardless of
				4806	what that is, or what colorspace the image is currently using.</p>
				4807
				4808	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4809	<dt>Average</dt><dd>(R + G + B) / 3.0</dd>
				4810	<dt>MS</dt><dd>(R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0</dd>
				4811	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>sqrt( (R^2 + G^2 + B^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
				4812	</dl>
				4813
				4814	<p>These methods are often used for other purposes, such as generating a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4815	grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compose"
				4816	>-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4817
				4818	<p> For example The 'MS' (Mean Squared) setting is good for minimizing color
				4819	error comparisions. While... The method 'RMS' (Root Mean Squared) for
				4820	example is appropriate for calculating color vector distance, from a color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4821	difference image. This is equivalent to the color only component of the <a
				4822	href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4823
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4824	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the above
				4825	grayscaling formula directly to an image without setting the <a
				4826	href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4827
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4828	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also uses
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4829	the current intensity setting, but will always convert the image to the
				4830	appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
				4831	function.</p>
				4832
				4833	<p>To print a complete list of possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intensity</a>.</p>
				4834
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4835	<p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting include:</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4836
				4837	<pre>
				4838	-adaptive-blur
				4839	-adaptive-sharpen
				4840	-black-threshold
				4841	-clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
				4842	-colors for gray colorspace
				4843	-compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
				4844	-contrast-stretch
				4845	-distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
				4846	-normalize
				4847	-random-threshold
				4848	-selective-blur
				4849	-shade
				4850	-threshold
				4851	-tint
				4852	-white-threshold
				4853	</pre>
				4854
				4855	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4856	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
				4857	</div>
				4858
				4859	<p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
				4860
				4861	<p>Use this option to affect the color management operation of an image (see
				4862	<a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolute,
				4863	Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</code>.</p>
				4864
				4865	<p>The default intent is Perceptual for the sRGB colorspace and undefined for the RGB and gray colorspaces.</p>
				4866
				4867	<p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list intent</a>.</p>
				4868
				4869	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4870	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
				4871	</div>
				4872
				4873	<p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
				4874
				4875	<p>Choose from:</p>
				4876
				4877	<pre>
				4878	none
				4879	line
				4880	plane
				4881	partition
				4882	JPEG
				4883	GIF
				4884	PNG
				4885	</pre>
				4886
				4887	<p>This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
				4888	formats such as <code>RGB</code> or <code>YUV</code>.</p>
				4889
				4890	<p><code>None</code> means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</p>
				4891
				4892	<p><code>Line</code> uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and.</p>
				4893
				4894	<p><code>Plane</code> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</p>
				4895
				4896	<p><code>Partition</code> is like plane except the different planes are saved to
				4897	individual files (e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</p>
				4898
				4899	<p>Use <code>Line</code> or <code>Plane</code> to create an <code>interlaced
				4900	PNG</code> or <code>GIF</code> or <code>progressive JPEG</code> image.</p>
				4901
				4902	<p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				4903	interlace</a>.</p>
				4904
				4905	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4906	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
				4907	</div>
				4908
				4909	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a color based on a floating point or real value.</p>
				4910
				4911	<p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
				4912	value, you typically fall in between the pixel colors defined by the source
				4913	image. This setting determines how the color is determined from the colors of
				4914	the pixels surrounding that point. That is how to determine the color of a
				4915	point that falls between two, or even four different colored pixels. </p>
				4916
				4917	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				4918	<dt>integer</dt>
				4919	<dd>The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
				4920	<dt>nearest-neighbor</dt>
				4921	<dd>The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
				4922	<dt>average</dt>
				4923	<dd>The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
				4924	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				4925	<dd>A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
				4926	<dt>mesh</dt>
				4927	<dd>Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
				4928	<dt>bicubic</dt>
				4929	<dd>Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
				4930	<dt>spline</dt>
				4931	<dd>Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
				4932	<dt>filter</dt>
				4933	<dd>Use resize <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> settings</dd>
				4934	</dl>
				4935
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4936	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				4937	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#transform"
				4938	>-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4939
				4940	<p>To print a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list interpolate</a>.</p>
				4941
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4942	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4943	lookup for positions outside the boundaries of the image. </p>
				4944
				4945
				4946	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4947	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4948	</div>
				4949
				4950	<p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
				4951
				4952	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4953	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
				4954	</div>
				4955
				4956	<p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
				4957
				4958	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4959	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
				4960	</div>
				4961
				4962	<p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
				4963
				4964	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4965	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4966	</div>
				4967
				4968	<p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
				4969
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4970	<p>The <var >radius</var> is more important than the <var >sigma</var>. If <var >sigma</var> is left off, it will be computed automatically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma</var> provides a bit of additional smoothing control.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4971
				4972
				4973	<div style="margin: auto;">
				4974	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
				4975	</div>
				4976
				4977	<p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
				4978
				4979	<p>Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, as it is read in
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	4980	or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assign
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	4981	a the labels of images already read in. Image formats such as TIFF, PNG,
				4982	MIFF, supports saving the label information with the image.</p>
				4983
				4984	<p>When saving an image to a <var>PostScript</var> file, any label
				4985	assigned to an image is used as a header string to print above the postscript
				4986	image. </p>
				4987
				4988	<p>You can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
				4989	attribute by embedding special format character. See <a href="escape.html">Format and Print Image
				4990	Properties</a> for details of the percent escape codes.</p>
				4991
				4992	<p>For example,</p>
				4993
				4994	<pre>
				4995	-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
				4996	</pre>
				4997
				4998	<p>assigns an image label of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> to the
				4999	"<code>bird.miff</code>" image and whose width is 512 and height is 480, as it
				5000	is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
				5001	existing label present in the image would be used. You can remove all labels
				5002	from an image by assigning the empty string. </p>
				5003
				5004	<p>A label is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream
				5005	via <var>Label</var> tag or similar mechanism. If you want the label to be
				5006	visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
				5007	during the final processing in the creation of an image montage.</p>
				5008
				5009	<p>If the first character of <var>string</var> is <var>@</var>, the image label is read from a file titled by the
				5010	remaining characters in the string. Labels in a file are literal, no embedded
				5011	formatting characters are recognized.</p>
				5012
				5013
				5014	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5015	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>offset</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5016	</div>
				5017
				5018	<p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
				5019
				5020	<p>Adaptively threshold each pixel based on the value of pixels in a
				5021	surrounding window. If the current pixel is lighter than this average plus
				5022	the optional <code>offset</code>, then it is made white, otherwise it is made
				5023	black. Small variations in pixel values such as found in scanned documents
				5024	can be ignored if offset is positive. A negative offset will make it more
				5025	sensitive to those small variations. </p>
				5026
				5027	<p>This is commonly used to threshold images with an uneven background. It is
				5028	based on the assumption that average color of the small window is the
				5029	the local background color, from which to separate the foreground color. </p>
				5030
				5031
				5032	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5033	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
				5034	</div>
				5035
				5036	<p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation frames.</p>
				5037
				5038	<p>Perform various image operation methods to a ordered sequence of images
				5039	which may represent either a set of overlaid 'image layers', a GIF disposal
				5040	animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
				5041
				5042	<table class="table table-condensed table-striped">
				5043	<tbody>
				5044	<tr>
				5045	<th style="width: 8%">Method</th>
				5046	<th>Description</th>
				5047	</tr>
				5048
				5049	<tr>
				5050	<td>compare-any</td>
				5051	<td>Crop the second and later frames to the smallest rectangle
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5052	that contains all the differences between the two images. No GIF <a
				5053	href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5054	</tr>
				5055
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5056	<tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5057	>-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5058	working, especially when animation used layer disposal methods such as
				5059	'<code>Previous</code>' or '<code>Background</code>'. </td>
				5060	</tr>
				5061
				5062	<tr>
				5063	<td>compare-clear</td>
				5064	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
				5065	opaque pixels which become transparent in the second frame. That is the
				5066	smallest image needed to mask or erase pixels for the next frame. </td>
				5067	</tr>
				5068
				5069	<tr>
				5070	<td>compare-overlay</td>
				5071	<td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
				5072	extra color to the next image, as a result of overlaying color pixels.
				5073	That is the smallest single overlaid image to add or change colors. </td>
				5074	</tr>
				5075
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5076	<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> alpha
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5077	composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
				5078	just the pixels that need to be overlaid. </td>
				5079	</tr>
				5080
				5081	<tr>
				5082	<td>coalesce</td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5083	<td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
				5084	>-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5085	current image sequence to form a fully defined animation sequence, as
				5086	it should be displayed. Effectively converting a GIF animation into a
				5087	'film strip'-like animation. </td>
				5088	</tr>
				5089
				5090	<tr>
				5091	<td>composite</td>
				5092	<td>Alpha Composition of two image lists, separated by a
				5093	"<code>null:</code>" image, with the destination image list first, and
				5094	the source images last. An image from each list are composited
				5095	together until one list is finished. The separator image and source
				5096	image lists are removed. </td>
				5097	</tr>
				5098
				5099
				5100	<tr><td></td>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5101	<td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
				5102	to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
				5103	canvas size of the first image in each list. Unlike a normal <a
				5104	href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5105	added to the final composite positioning of each image. </td> </tr>
				5106
				5107	<tr><td></td>
				5108	<td>If one of the image lists only contains one image, that image is
				5109	applied to all the images in the other image list, regardless of which
				5110	list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
				5111	preserved. </td>
				5112	</tr>
				5113
				5114
				5115	<tr>
				5116	<td>dispose</td>
				5117	<td>This like '<code>coalesce</code>' but shows the look of
				5118	the animation after the layer disposal method has been applied, before
				5119	the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5120	results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
				5121	>-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5122	is going wrong with a particular animation you may be developing.
				5123	</td>
				5124	</tr>
				5125
				5126	<tr>
				5127	<td>flatten</td>
				5128	<td>Create a canvas the size of the first images virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5129	canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
				5130	and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5131	canvas. Images falling outside that canvas is clipped. Final
				5132	image will have a zero virtual canvas offset. </td>
				5133	</tr>
				5134
				5135	<tr><td></td>
				5136	<td>This usually used as one of the final 'image layering' operations
				5137	overlaying all the prepared image layers into a final image. </td>
				5138	</tr>
				5139
				5140	<tr><td></td>
				5141	<td>For a single image this method can also be used to fillout a virtual
				5142	canvas with real pixels, or to underlay an opaque color to remove
				5143	transparency from an image.</td>
				5144	</tr>
				5145
				5146
				5147	<tr>
				5148	<td>merge</td>
				5149	<td>As 'flatten' method but merging all the given image
				5150	layers to create a new layer image just large enough to hold all the
				5151	image without clipping or extra space. The new images virtual offset
				5152	will preserve the position of the new layer, even if this offset is
				5153	negative. The virtual canvas size of the first image is preserved.
				5154	</td>
				5155	</tr>
				5156
				5157	<tr><td></td><td>Caution is advised when handling image layers with
				5158	negative offsets as few image file formats handle them correctly.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5159	Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5160	will remove the layer offset, and create an image in which all the
				5161	overlaid image positions relative to each other is preserved, though
				5162	not necessarily exactly where you specified them.
				5163	</td>
				5164	</tr>
				5165
				5166	<tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
				5167	without doing the'flatten' to merge the images together. </td>
				5168	</tr>
				5169
				5170	<tr>
				5171	<td>mosaic</td>
				5172	<td>As 'flatten' method but expanding the initial canvas size
				5173	of the first image in a positive direction only so as to hold all the
				5174	image layers. However as a virtual canvas is 'locked' to the origin,
				5175	by its own definition, image layers with a negative offsets will still
				5176	become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
				5177	if this could be a problem. </td>
				5178
				5179	</tr>
				5180
				5181	<tr><td></td><td>This method is commonly used to layout individual image
				5182	using various offset but without knowing the final canvas size. The
				5183	resulting image will, like 'flatten' not have any virtual offset, so
				5184	can be saved to any image file format. </td>
				5185	</tr>
				5186
				5187
				5188	<tr>
				5189	<td>optimize</td>
				5190	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation using
				5191	a number of general techniques. This currently a short cut to
				5192	apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
				5193	'<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
				5194	include other optimization methods as they are developed. </td>
				5195	</tr>
				5196
				5197	<tr>
				5198	<td>optimize-frame</td>
				5199	<td>Optimize a coalesced animation, into GIF animation by
				5200	reducing the number of pixels per frame as much as possible by
				5201	attempting to pick the best layer disposal method to use, while ensuring
				5202	the result will continue to animate properly. </td>
				5203	</tr>
				5204
				5205	<tr><td></td><td> There is no guarantee that the best optimization is found.
				5206	But then no reasonably fast GIF optimization algorithm can do this.
				5207	However this does seem to do better than most other GIF frame
				5208	optimizers seen. </td>
				5209	</tr>
				5210
				5211	<tr>
				5212	<td>optimize-plus</td>
				5213	<td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
				5214	overall optimization by adding extra frames to the animation, without
				5215	changing the final look or timing of the animation. The frames are
				5216	added to attempt to separate the clearing of pixels from the
				5217	overlaying of new additional pixels from one animation frame to the
				5218	next. If this does not improve the optimization (for the next frame
				5219	only), it will fall back to the results of the previous normal
				5220	'<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
				5221	</tr>
				5222
				5223	<tr><td></td><td>There is the possibility that the change in the disposal
				5224	style will result in a worsening in the optimization of later frames,
				5225	though this is unlikely. In other words there no guarantee that it is
				5226	better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
				5227	animations however you can get a vast improvement in the final
				5228	animation size. </td>
				5229	</tr>
				5230
				5231	<tr>
				5232	<td>optimize-transparency</td>
				5233	<td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
				5234	overlay images with transparency, if it does not change the resulting
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5235	animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5236	</td>
				5237	</tr>
				5238
				5239	<tr><td></td><td>This should allow a existing frame optimized GIF animation
				5240	to compress into a smaller file size due to larger areas of one
				5241	(transparent) color rather than a pattern of multiple colors repeating
				5242	the current disposed image of the last frame. </td>
				5243	</tr>
				5244
				5245	<tr>
				5246	<td>remove-dups</td>
				5247	<td>Remove (and merge time delays) of duplicate consecutive
				5248	images, so as to simplify layer overlays of coalesced animations.
				5249	</td>
				5250	</tr>
				5251
				5252	<tr><td></td><td>Usually this a result of using a constant time delay
				5253	across the whole animation, or after a larger animation was split into
				5254	smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
				5255	used as part of some frame optimization methods. </td>
				5256	</tr>
				5257
				5258	<tr>
				5259	<td>remove-zero</td>
				5260	<td>Remove any image with a zero time delay, unless ALL the
				5261	images have a zero time delay (and is not a proper timed animation, a
				5262	warning is then issued). </td>
				5263	</tr>
				5264
				5265	<tr><td></td><td>In a GIF animation, such images are usually frames which
				5266	provide partial intermediary updates between the frames that are
				5267	actually displayed to users. These frames are usually added for
				5268	improved frame optimization in GIF animations. </td>
				5269	</tr>
				5270
				5271	<tr>
				5272	<td>trim-bounds</td>
				5273	<td>Find the bounds of all the images in the current
				5274	image sequence, then adjust the offsets so all images are contained on
				5275	a minimal positive canvas. None of the image data is modified or
				5276	merged, only the individual image virtual canvas size and offset.
				5277	All the images is given the same canvas size, and and will have
				5278	a positive offset, but will remain in the same position relative to
				5279	each other. As a result of the minimal canvas size at least one image
				5280	will touch every edge of that canvas. The image data touching those
				5281	edges however may be transparent. </td>
				5282	</tr>
				5283
				5284	<tr><td></td><td>The result is much like if you used 'merge' followed by a
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5285	<a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5286	have been kept separate. If 'flatten' is used after using
				5287	'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
				5288	</tr>
				5289
				5290	</tbody>
				5291	</table>
				5292
				5293	<p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list layers</a>.</p>
				5294
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5295	<p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
				5296	>-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic"
				5297	>-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
				5298	the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#repage"
				5299	>-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and the
				5300	GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5301	settings. </p>
				5302
				5303
				5304	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5305	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%</var>}{,<var>gamma</var>}</h3>
				5306	</div>
				5307
				5308	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
				5309
				5310	<p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
				5311	white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
				5312	white points range from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var>, or from 0 to
				5313	100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to center contrast changes.
				5314	If a <code>%</code> sign is present anywhere in the string, both black and white
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5315	points are percentages of the full color range. Gamma will do a <a
				5316	href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5317	default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed.</p>
				5318
				5319	<p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
				5320	the given '<code>black_point</code>' value in the original image is set to zero
				5321	(or black), while the given '<code>white_point</code>' value is set to <var>QuantumRange</var> (or white). This provides you with direct
				5322	contrast adjustments to the image. The '<code>gamma</code>' of the resulting
				5323	image will then be adjusted. </p>
				5324
				5325	<p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
				5326	(<code>+level</code>) or adding the special '!' flag anywhere in the argument
				5327	list, will cause the operator to do the reverse of the level adjustment. That
				5328	is a zero, or <var>QuantumRange</var> value (black, and white, resp.)
				5329	in the original image, is adjusted to the given level values, allowing you to
				5330	de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
				5331	'<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
				5332	image is made. </p>
				5333
				5334	<p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
				5335	setting are adjusted (defaults to RGB color channels only), allowing you to
				5336	limit the effect of this operator. </p>
				5337
				5338	<p>Please note that the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				5339	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				5340
				5341
				5342	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5343	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_color</var>}</h3>
				5344	</div>
				5345
				5346	<p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors.</p>
				5347
				5348	<p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that the
				5349	value value for each color channel is determined by the
				5350	'<code>black_color</code>' and '<code>white_color</code>' colors given (as
				5351	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
				5352
				5353	<p>This effectually means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
				5354	is mapped to become 'black' and 'white' respectively, with all the other
				5355	colors linearly adjusted (or clipped) to match that change. Each channel is
				5356	adjusted separately using the channel values of the colors specified. </p>
				5357
				5358	<p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
				5359	will map the image color 'black' and 'white' to the given colors
				5360	respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5361	those colors. This can also be used to convert a plain grayscale image into a
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5362	one using the gradient of colors specified. </p>
				5363
				5364	<p>By supplying a single color with a comma separator either before or after
				5365	that color, will just replace the respective 'black' or 'white' point
				5366	respectively. But if no comma separator is provided, the given color is
				5367	used for both the black and white color points, making the operator either
				5368	threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
				5369	color (+ form). </p>
				5370
				5371
				5372	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5373	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
				5374	</div>
				5375
				5376	<p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
				5377
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5378	<p>Choose from: <code>width</code>, <code>height</code>, <code>area</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>file</code>, <code>thread</code>, <code>throttle</code>, or <code>time</code>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5379
				5380	<p>The value for <code>file</code> is in number of files. The other limits are
				5381	in bytes. Define arguments for the memory, map, area, and disk resource limits
				5382	with SI prefixes (.e.g 100MB).</p>
				5383
				5384	<p>By default the limits are 768 files, 3GB of image area, 1.5GiB memory, 3GiB
				5385	memory map, and 18.45EB of disk. These limits are adjusted relative to the
				5386	available resources on your computer if this information is available. When
				5387	any limit is reached, ImageMagick fails in some fashion but attempts to take
				5388	compensating actions, if possible. For example, the following limits
				5389	memory:</p>
				5390
				5391	<pre>
				5392	-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
				5393	</pre>
				5394
				5395	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For example, our system shows these limits:</p>
				5396
				5397	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5398	-> identify -list resource
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5399	Resource limits:
				5400	Width: 100MP
				5401	Height: 100MP
				5402	Area: 25.181GB
				5403	Memory: 11.726GiB
				5404	Map: 23.452GiB
				5405	Disk: unlimited
				5406	File: 768
				5407	Thread: 12
				5408	Throttle: 0
				5409	Time: unlimited
				5410	</pre>
				5411
				5412	<p>Requests for pixel storage to keep intermediate images are satisfied by one
				5413	of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5414	disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit</a> settings
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5415	and whether the system honors a resource request. If the total size of
				5416	allocated pixel storage in the given pool reaches the corresponding limit, the
				5417	request is passed to the next pool. Additionally, requests that exceed the
				5418	<code>area</code> limit automagically are allocated on disk.</p>
				5419
				5420	<p>To illustrate how ImageMagick utilizes resource limits, consider a typical
				5421	image resource request. First, ImageMagick tries to allocate the pixels in
				5422	memory. The request might be denied if the resource request exceeds the
				5423	<code>memory</code> limit or if the system does not honor the request. If
				5424	a memory request is not honored, the pixels are allocated to disk and the file
				5425	is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
				5426	<code>map</code> limit, the resource allocation goes to disk. In all cases, if
				5427	the resource request exceeds the <code>area</code> limit, the pixels are
				5428	automagically cached to disk. If the disk has a hard limit, the program
				5429	fails.</p>
				5430
				5431	<p>In most cases you simply do not need to concern yourself with resource
				5432	limits. ImageMagick chooses reasonable defaults and most images do not tax
				5433	your computer resources. Where limits do come in handy is when you process
				5434	images that are large or on shared systems where ImageMagick can consume all
				5435	or most of the available memory. In this case, the ImageMagick workflow slows
				5436	other processes or, in extreme cases, brings the system to a halt. Under
				5437	these circumstances, setting limits give some assurances that the ImageMagick
				5438	workflow will not interfere with other concurrent uses of the computer. For
				5439	example, assume you have a web interface that processes images uploaded from
				5440	the Internet. To assure ImageMagick does not exceed 10MiB of memory you can
				5441	simply set the area limit to 10MiB:</p>
				5442
				5443	<pre>
				5444	-limit area 10MB
				5445	</pre>
				5446
				5447	<p>Now whenever a large image is processed, the pixels are automagically
				5448	cached to disk instead of memory. This of course implies that large images
				5449	typically process very slowly, simply because pixel processing in memory can
				5450	be an order of magnitude faster than on disk. Because your web site users
				5451	might inadvertently upload a huge image to process, you should set a disk
				5452	limit as well:</p>
				5453
				5454	<pre>
				5455	-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
				5456	</pre>
				5457
				5458	<p>Here ImageMagick stops processing if an image requires more than 500MB of disk storage.</p>
				5459
				5460	<p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5461	with <a href="resources.html#environment" >environment variables</a>. Set the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5462	environment variables <code>MAGICK_AREA_LIMIT</code>,
				5463	<code>MAGICK_DISK_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_FILE_LIMIT</code>,
				5464	<code>MAGICK_MEMORY_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_MAP_LIMIT</code>,
				5465	<code>MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT</code>, <code>MAGICK_TIME_LIMIT</code> for limits of
				5466	image area, disk space, open files, heap memory, memory map, number of threads
				5467	of execution, and maximum elapsed time in seconds respectively.</p>
				5468
				5469	<p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
				5470	their commands and then scouring the generated output for references to the
				5471	pixel cache, in order to determine how the pixel cache was allocated and how
				5472	resources were consumed. Advanced Unix/Linux users can pipe that output
				5473	through <code>grep memory\|open\|destroy\|disk</code> for more readable sifting.
				5474	</p>
				5475
				5476	<p>For more about ImageMagick's use of resources, see the section <b>Cache
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5477	Storage and Resource Requirements</b> on the <a href="architecture.html#cache
				5478	">Architecture</a> page. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5479
				5480	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5481	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var>{x<var>white-point</var>}{<var>%</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5482	</div>
				5483
				5484	<p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
				5485
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5486	<p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5487	and uses a 'histogram bin' to determine the range of color values that needs to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5488	be stretched. However it then stretches those colors using the <a
				5489	href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5490
				5491	<p>As such while the initial determination may have 'binning' round off
				5492	effects, the image colors are stretched mathematically, rather than using the
				5493	histogram bins. This makes the operator more accurate. </p>
				5494
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5495	<p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5496	'<code>0</code>' does nothing, while a value of '<code>1</code>' does a near
				5497	perfect stretch of the color range. </p>
				5498
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5499	<p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5500	normalization of mathematical images. </p>
				5501
				5502	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				5503
				5504
				5505	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5506	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
				5507	</div>
				5508
				5509	<p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
				5510
				5511	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5512	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5513	</div>
				5514
				5515	<p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
				5516
				5517	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				5518
				5519	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5520	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
				5521	</div>
				5522
				5523	<p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. Choose from these list types:</p>
				5524
				5525	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				5526	Align
				5527	Alpha
				5528	Boolean
				5529	Cache
				5530	Channel
				5531	Class
				5532	ClipPath
				5533	Coder
				5534	Color
				5535	Colorspace
				5536	Command
				5537	Complex
				5538	Compose
				5539	Compress
				5540	Configure
				5541	DataType
				5542	Debug
				5543	Decoration
				5544	Delegate
				5545	Direction
				5546	Dispose
				5547	Distort
				5548	Dither
				5549	Endian
				5550	Evaluate
				5551	FillRule
				5552	Filter
				5553	Font
				5554	Format
				5555	Function
				5556	Gravity
				5557	Intensity
				5558	Intent
				5559	Interlace
				5560	Interpolate
				5561	Kernel
				5562	Layers
				5563	LineCap
				5564	LineJoin
				5565	List
				5566	Locale
				5567	LogEvent
				5568	Log
				5569	Magic
				5570	Method
				5571	Metric
				5572	Mime
				5573	Mode
				5574	Morphology
				5575	Module
				5576	Noise
				5577	Orientation
				5578	PixelIntensity
				5579	Policy
				5580	PolicyDomain
				5581	PolicyRights
				5582	Preview
				5583	Primitive
				5584	QuantumFormat
				5585	Resource
				5586	SparseColor
				5587	Statistic
				5588	Storage
				5589	Stretch
				5590	Style
				5591	Threshold
				5592	Type
				5593	Units
				5594	Validate
				5595	VirtualPixel
				5596	</pre>
				5597
				5598	<p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
				5599	list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
				5600	available:</p>
				5601
				5602	<pre>
				5603	identify -list list
				5604	</pre>
				5605
				5606	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5607	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
				5608	</div>
				5609
				5610	<p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
				5611
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5612	<p>This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <a
				5613	href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5614
				5615	<p>You can display the following components by embedding special format
				5616	characters:</p>
				5617
				5618	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5619	<dt>%d</dt><dd>domain</dd>
				5620	<dt>%e</dt><dd>event</dd>
				5621	<dt>%f</dt><dd>function</dd>
				5622	<dt>%l</dt><dd>line</dd>
				5623	<dt>%m</dt><dd>module</dd>
				5624	<dt>%p</dt><dd>process ID</dd>
				5625	<dt>%r</dt><dd>real CPU time</dd>
				5626	<dt>%t</dt><dd>wall clock time</dd>
				5627	<dt>%u</dt><dd>user CPU time</dd>
				5628	<dt>%%</dt><dd>percent sign</dd>
				5629	<dt>\n</dt><dd>newline</dd>
				5630	<dt>\r</dt><dd>carriage return</dd>
				5631	</dl>
				5632
				5633	<p>For example:</p>
				5634
				5635	<pre>
				5636	convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
				5637	</pre>
				5638
				5639	<p>The default behavior is to print all of the components.</p>
				5640
				5641	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5642	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
				5643	</div>
				5644
				5645	<p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
				5646
				5647	<p>Set iterations to zero to repeat the animation an infinite number of times,
				5648	otherwise the animation repeats itself up to <var>iterations</var>
				5649	times.</p>
				5650
				5651	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5652	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
				5653	</div>
				5654
				5655	<p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color.</p>
				5656
				5657	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5658	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
				5659	</div>
				5660
				5661	<p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
				5662
				5663
				5664	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5665	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
				5666	</div>
				5667
				5668	<p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
				5669
				5670	<p>Choose from these <var>Standard Colormap</var> types:</p>
				5671
				5672	<pre>
				5673	best
				5674	default
				5675	gray
				5676	red
				5677	green
				5678	blue
				5679	</pre>
				5680
				5681	<p>The <var>X server</var> must support the <var>Standard
				5682	Colormap</var> you choose, otherwise an error occurs. Use <code>list</code> as
				5683	the type and <code>display</code> searches the list of colormap types in
				5684	<code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of creating Standard Colormaps.</p>
				5685
				5686
				5687	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5688	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
				5689	</div>
				5690
				5691	<p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
				5692
				5693	<p>Here are the valid components of a map:</p>
				5694
				5695	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5696	<dt>r</dt><dd> red pixel component</dd>
				5697	<dt>g</dt><dd> green pixel component</dd>
				5698	<dt>b</dt><dd> blue pixel component</dd>
				5699	<dt>a</dt><dd> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
				5700	<dt>o</dt><dd> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
				5701	<dt>i</dt><dd> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
				5702	<dt>c</dt><dd> cyan pixel component</dd>
				5703	<dt>m</dt><dd> magenta pixel component</dd>
				5704	<dt>y</dt><dd> yellow pixel component</dd>
				5705	<dt>k</dt><dd> black pixel component</dd>
				5706	<dt>p</dt><dd> pad component (always 0)</dd>
				5707	</dl>
				5708
				5709	<p>You can specify as many of these components as needed in any order (e.g.
				5710	bgr). The components can repeat as well (e.g. rgbr).</p>
				5711
				5712
				5713	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5714	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
				5715	</div>
				5716
				5717	<p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option.</p>
				5718
				5719	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				5720
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5721	<p>The default matte color is <code>#BDBDBD</code>, <span
				5722	style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5723
				5724	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5725	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
				5726	</div>
				5727
				5728	<p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5729
				5730	<p>Select the 'maximum' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5731
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5732	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5733	name. </p>
				5734
				5735	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5736	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5737	</div>
				5738
				5739	<p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
				5740
				5741	<p>Select the 'middle' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5742
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5743	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5744	name. </p>
				5745
				5746	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5747	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+distance</var>{%}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5748	</div>
				5749
				5750	<p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shift 7x7+10%).</p>
				5751
				5752	<p><var>width</var>x<var>height</var> is the window size and <var>distance</var> is the color distance measured in the range 0 to 1 or 0 to 100%</p>
				5753
				5754	<p>The mean shift algorithm is iterative and thus slower the larger the window size. For each pixel, it gets all the pixels in the window centered at the pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surrounding the pixel. From those pixels, it finds which of them are within the specified squared color distance from the current mean. It then computes a new x,y centroid from those coordinates and a new mean. This new x,y centroid is used as the center for a new window. This process is iterated until it converges and the final mean is then used to replace the original pixel value. It repeats this process for the next pixel, etc, until it processes all pixels in the image. Results are better when using other colorspaces rather than RGB. Recommend YIQ, YUV or YCbCr, which seem to give equivalent results.</p>
				5755
				5756	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5757	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
				5758	</div>
				5759
				5760	<p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images according to the <var>type</var> given metric.</p>
				5761
				5762	<p>Choose from:</p>
				5763
				5764	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				5765	<dt>AE</dt><dd> absolute error count, number of different pixels (-fuzz effected)</dd>
				5766	<dt>FUZZ</dt><dd> mean color distance</dd>
				5767	<dt>MAE</dt><dd> mean absolute error (normalized), average channel error distance</dd>
				5768	<dt>MEPP</dt><dd> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, normalized peak error)</dd>
				5769	<dt>MSE</dt><dd> mean error squared, average of the channel error squared</dd>
				5770	<dt>NCC</dt><dd> normalized cross correlation</dd>
				5771	<dt>PAE</dt><dd> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
Cristy	3b0b58d	2016-11-06 07:40:23 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5772	<dt>PHASH</dt><dd> perceptual hash for the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. Specify an alternative colorspace with <code>-define phash:colorspaces=<var>colorspace,colorspace,...</var></code></dd>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5773	<dt>PSNR</dt><dd> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
				5774	<dt>RMSE</dt><dd> root mean squared (normalized root mean squared)</dd>
				5775	</dl>
				5776
				5777	<p>Control the '<code>AE</code>', or absolute count of pixels that are different,
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5778	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5779	only changed by a small amount). Use '<code>PAE</code>' to find the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5780	size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5781	'similar', while '<code>MAE</code>' determines the factor needed
				5782	for about half the pixels to be similar. </p>
				5783
				5784	<p>The '<code>MEPP</code>' metric returns three different metrics
				5785	('<code>MAE</code>', '<code>MAE</code>' normalized, and '<code>PAE</code>'
				5786	normalized) from a single comparison run. </p>
				5787
				5788	<p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				5789	metric</a> option.</p>
				5790
				5791
				5792	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5793	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
				5794	</div>
				5795
				5796	<p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
				5797
				5798	<p>Select the 'minimal' value from all the surrounding pixels. </p>
				5799
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5800	<p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the same
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5801	name. </p>
				5802
				5803
				5804
				5805	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5806	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
				5807	</div>
				5808
				5809	<p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
				5810
				5811	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5812	<h3 class="magick-header">-mode <var>value</var></h3>
				5813	</div>
				5814
				5815	<p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
				5816
				5817	<p>Choose the <var>value</var> from these styles: <code>Frame,
				5818	Unframe, or Concatenate</code></p>
				5819
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5820	<p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' argument
				5821	for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5822	ImageMagick installation.</p>
				5823
				5824
				5825	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5826	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<var>hue</var>]</h3>
				5827	</div>
				5828
				5829	<p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</var> of an image.</p>
				5830
				5831	<p>The arguments are given as a percentages of variation. A value of 100 means
				5832	no change, and any missing values are taken to mean 100.</p>
				5833
				5834	<p>The <var>brightness</var> is a multiplier of the overall
				5835	brightness of the image, so 0 means pure black, 50 is half as bright, 200 is
				5836	twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the image
				5837	before and after. </p>
				5838
				5839	<p>The <var>saturation</var> controls the amount of color in an
				5840	image. For example, 0 produce a grayscale image, while a large value such as
				5841	200 produce a very colorful, 'cartoonish' color.</p>
				5842
				5843	<p>The <var>hue</var> argument causes a "rotation" of the colors
				5844	within the image by the amount specified. For example, 50 results in
				5845	a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
				5846	A value of either 0 or 200 results in a complete 180 degree rotation of the
				5847	image. Using a value of 300 is a 360 degree rotation resulting in no change to
				5848	the original image. </p>
				5849
				5850	<p>For example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and decrease the color
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5851	saturation by 10% and leave the hue unchanged, use <a
				5852	href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5853
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5854	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
				5855	>option:modulate:colorspace</code>' to specify which colorspace to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5856	modulate. Choose from <code>HCL</code>, <code>HCLp</code>, <code>HSB</code>, <code>HSI</code>, <code>HSL</code> (the default), <code>HSV</code>, <code>HWB</code>, or <code>LCH</code> (LCHuv). For example,</p>
				5857
				5858	<pre>
				5859	convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90 modulate.png
				5860	</pre>
				5861
				5862	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5863	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
				5864	</div>
				5865
				5866	<p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
				5867
				5868
				5869	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5870	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
				5871	</div>
				5872
				5873	<p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
				5874
				5875
				5876	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5877	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
				5878	</div>
				5879
				5880	<p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
				5881
				5882	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5883	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
				5884	</div>
				5885
				5886	<p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
				5887
				5888	<p>Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the
				5889	appearance of a metamorphosis from one image to the next, over all the images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5890	in the current image list. The added images are the equivalent of a <a
				5891	href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5892	argument determine how many images to interpolate between each image. </p>
				5893
				5894
				5895	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5896	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
				5897	<h3 class="magick-header">-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
				5898	</div>
				5899
				5900	<p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
				5901
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5902	<p>Until I get around to writing an option summary for this, see <a
Cristy	364a72f	2016-11-04 22:38:41 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5903	href="https://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/morphology/" >IM Usage Examples,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5904	Morphology</a>. </p>
				5905
				5906
				5907	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5908	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
				5909	</div>
				5910
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5911	<p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-layers</a> method "mosaic"</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5912
				5913
				5914	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5915	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5916	</div>
				5917
				5918	<p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
				5919
				5920	<p>Blur with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				5921	angle given is the angle toward which the image is blurred. That is the
				5922	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				5923
				5924	<p>Note that the blur is not uniform distribution, giving the motion a
				5925	definite sense of direction of movement. </p>
				5926
				5927	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				5928	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				5929	</p>
				5930
				5931	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5932	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="name"></a>-name</h3>
				5933	</div>
				5934
				5935	<p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
				5936	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5937	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
				5938	</div>
				5939
				5940	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
				5941
				5942	<p>The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. White becomes
				5943	black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
				5944	negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</p>
				5945
				5946	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5947	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5948	+noise <var>type</var></h3>
				5949	</div>
				5950
				5951	<p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
				5952
				5953	<p>The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
				5954	objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
				5955	undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a pixel
				5956	with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel has been
				5957	found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this pixel is
				5958	a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</p>
				5959
				5960	<p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
				5961	specify the width of the neighborhood when reducing noise. This is equivalent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5962	to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> operation,
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5963	which should be used in preference.</p>
				5964
				5965	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to add noise to an image. Choose from these noise
				5966	types:</p>
				5967
				5968	<pre>
				5969	Gaussian
				5970	Impulse
				5971	Laplacian
				5972	Multiplicative
				5973	Poisson
				5974	Random
				5975	Uniform
				5976	</pre>
				5977
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	5978	<p>The amount of noise added can be controlled by the <code><a
				5979	href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	5980	equivalent to 1.0, or a maximum noise addition.</p>
				5981
				5982	<p>Note that Random will replace the image with noise rather than add noise to the image. Use Uniform, if you wish to add random noise to the image.</p>
				5983
				5984	<p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise</a> option.</p>
				5985
				5986	<p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that allows
				5987	the use of a controlling value to specify the amount of noise that should be
				5988	added to an image. </p>
				5989
				5990
				5991	<div style="margin: auto;">
				5992	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
				5993	</div>
				5994
				5995	<p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range of intensity values.</p>
				5996
				5997	<p>The intensity values are stretched to cover the entire range of possible
				5998	values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
				5999	white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
				6000
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6001	<p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</a>
				6002	is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
				6003	(Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
				6004	>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6005
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6006	<p>All the channels are normalized in concert by the same amount so as to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6007	preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
				6008	setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6009	setting will normalize the RGB channels independently.</p>
				6010
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6011	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more details.
				6012	Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalization
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6013	that is better suited to mathematically generated images. </p>
				6014
				6015	<p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
				6016
				6017
				6018	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6019	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
				6020	</div>
				6021
				6022	<p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
				6023
				6024	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6025	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				6026	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6027	given.</p>
				6028
				6029	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
				6030	the target color. </p>
				6031
				6032	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the same
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6033	as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6034	transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting.
				6035	To ensure that it can do this it also ensures that the image has an alpha
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6036	channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", for
				6037	the new transparent colors, and does not require you to modify the <a
				6038	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6039
				6040
				6041	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6042	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level</var>...}</h3>
				6043	</div>
				6044
				6045	<p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold map</var> specified, and a uniform color map with the
				6046	given number of <var>levels</var> per color channel.</p>
				6047
				6048	<p>You can choose from these standard threshold maps:</p>
				6049
				6050	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6051	threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
				6052	checks 2x1 Checkerboard 2x1 (dither)
				6053	o2x2 2x2 Ordered 2x2 (dispersed)
				6054	o3x3 3x3 Ordered 3x3 (dispersed)
				6055	o4x4 4x4 Ordered 4x4 (dispersed)
				6056	o8x8 8x8 Ordered 8x8 (dispersed)
				6057	h3x4a 4x1 Halftone 4x4 (angled)
				6058	h6x6a 6x1 Halftone 6x6 (angled)
				6059	h8x8a 8x1 Halftone 8x8 (angled)
				6060	h3x4o Halftone 4x4 (orthogonal)
				6061	h6x6o Halftone 6x6 (orthogonal)
				6062	h8x8o Halftone 8x8 (orthogonal)
				6063	h36x16o Halftone 16x16 (orthogonal)
				6064	c5x5b c5x5 Circles 5x5 (black)
				6065	c5x5w Circles 5x5 (white)
				6066	c6x6b c6x6 Circles 6x6 (black)
				6067	c6x6w Circles 6x6 (white)
				6068	c7x7b c7x7 Circles 7x7 (black)
				6069	c7x7w Circles 7x7 (white)
				6070	</pre>
				6071
				6072	<p> The <code>threshold</code> generated a simple 50% threshold of the image.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6073	This could be used with <var >level</var> to do the equivalent of <a
				6074	href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colors.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6075	</p>
				6076
				6077	<p>The <code>checks</code> pattern produces a 3 level checkerboard dither
				6078	pattern. That is a grayscale will become a pattern of solid black, solid
				6079	white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
				6080	</p>
				6081
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6082	<p>You can define your own <var >threshold map</var> for ordered
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6083	dithering and halftoning your images, in either personal or system
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6084	<code>thresholds.xml</code> XML file. See <a href="resources.html" >Resources</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6085	for more details of configuration files. </p>
				6086
				6087	<p>To print a complete list of the thresholds that have been defined, use the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6088	<a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6089
				6090	<p>Note that at this time the same threshold dithering map is used for all
				6091	color channels, no attempt is made to offset or rotate the map for different
				6092	channels is made, to create an offset printing effect. Also as the maps are
				6093	simple threshold levels, the halftone and circle maps will create incomplete
				6094	circles along the edges of a colored area. Also all the effects are purely
				6095	on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
				6096	looking. Large dots can be made to look better with a small amount of blurring
				6097	after being created. </p>
				6098
				6099
				6100	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6101	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
				6102	</div>
				6103
				6104	<p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
				6105
				6106	<p>Choose from these orientations:</p>
				6107
				6108	<pre>
				6109	bottom-left right-top
				6110	bottom-right top-left
				6111	left-bottom top-right
				6112	left-top undefined
				6113	right-bottom
				6114	</pre>
				6115
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6116	<p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6117	orientation</a> option.</p>
				6118
				6119
				6120	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6121	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
				6122	-page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6123	+page
				6124	</h3>
				6125	</div>
				6126
				6127	<p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</p>
				6128
				6129	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6130
				6131	<p>For convenience you can specify the page size using <var>media</var> (see below). Offsets can then be added as with other
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6132	<var>geometry</var> arguments (e.g. <a
				6133	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6134
				6135	<p>Use <var>media</var> as shorthand to specify the dimensions (<var>width</var>x<var>height</var>) of the <var>PostScript</var> page in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels.
				6136	The choices for a PostScript page are:</p>
				6137
				6138	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6139	<dt> 11x17 </dt> <dd> 792 x 1224</dd>
				6140	<dt> Ledger </dt> <dd> 1224 x 792</dd>
				6141	<dt> Legal </dt> <dd> 612 x 1008</dd>
				6142	<dt> Letter </dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6143	<dt> LetterSmall</dt> <dd> 612 x 792</dd>
				6144	<dt> ArchE </dt> <dd> 2592 x 3456</dd>
				6145	<dt> ArchD </dt> <dd> 1728 x 2592</dd>
				6146	<dt> ArchC </dt> <dd> 1296 x 1728</dd>
				6147	<dt> ArchB </dt> <dd> 864 x 1296</dd>
				6148	<dt> ArchA </dt> <dd> 648 x 864</dd>
				6149	<dt> A0 </dt> <dd> 2380 x 3368</dd>
				6150	<dt> A1 </dt> <dd> 1684 x 2380</dd>
				6151	<dt> A2 </dt> <dd> 1190 x 1684</dd>
				6152	<dt> A3 </dt> <dd> 842 x 1190</dd>
				6153	<dt> A4 </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6154	<dt> A4Small </dt> <dd> 595 x 842</dd>
				6155	<dt> A5 </dt> <dd> 421 x 595</dd>
				6156	<dt> A6 </dt> <dd> 297 x 421</dd>
				6157	<dt> A7 </dt> <dd> 210 x 297</dd>
				6158	<dt> A8 </dt> <dd> 148 x 210</dd>
				6159	<dt> A9 </dt> <dd> 105 x 148</dd>
				6160	<dt> A10 </dt> <dd> 74 x 105</dd>
				6161	<dt> B0 </dt> <dd> 2836 x 4008</dd>
				6162	<dt> B1 </dt> <dd> 2004 x 2836</dd>
				6163	<dt> B2 </dt> <dd> 1418 x 2004</dd>
				6164	<dt> B3 </dt> <dd> 1002 x 1418</dd>
				6165	<dt> B4 </dt> <dd> 709 x 1002</dd>
				6166	<dt> B5 </dt> <dd> 501 x 709</dd>
				6167	<dt> C0 </dt> <dd> 2600 x 3677</dd>
				6168	<dt> C1 </dt> <dd> 1837 x 2600</dd>
				6169	<dt> C2 </dt> <dd> 1298 x 1837</dd>
				6170	<dt> C3 </dt> <dd> 918 x 1298</dd>
				6171	<dt> C4 </dt> <dd> 649 x 918</dd>
				6172	<dt> C5 </dt> <dd> 459 x 649</dd>
				6173	<dt> C6 </dt> <dd> 323 x 459</dd>
				6174	<dt> Flsa </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6175	<dt> Flse </dt> <dd> 612 x 936</dd>
				6176	<dt> HalfLetter </dt> <dd> 396 x 612</dd>
				6177	</dl>
				6178
				6179	<p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
				6180	format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
				6181	purpose the offsets are always measured from the top left corner of the canvas
				6182	and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
				6183	position a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var> (e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG
				6184	file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first image in
				6185	the sequence with nonzero width and height defines the width and height values
				6186	that are written in the <code>MHDR</code> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and
				6187	height are computed from the bounding box that contains all images in the
				6188	sequence. When writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to
				6189	determine its dimensions.</p>
				6190
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6191	<p>For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <a
				6192	href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
				6193	left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>offset</var>. Use <a
				6194	href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6195	page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it is reduced to fit the
				6196	page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var>NorthWest</var>, i.e., positive <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> <var>offset</var> are measured rightward and downward from the top left
				6197	corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
				6198	present with a value other than <var>NorthWest</var>.</p>
				6199
				6200	<p>The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</p>
				6201
				6202	<p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
				6203
				6204	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.</p>
				6205
				6206	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6207	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
				6208	</div>
				6209
				6210	<p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
				6211
				6212	<p>Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular
				6213	neighborhood whose width is specified with <var>radius</var>.</p>
				6214
				6215	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6216	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
				6217
				6218	<p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
				6219
				6220	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6221	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6222	</div>
				6223
				6224	<p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
				6225
				6226	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the animation.</p>
				6227
				6228	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6229	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
				6230	</div>
				6231
				6232	<p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
				6233
				6234	<p>Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next snapshot.</p>
				6235
				6236	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6237	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
				6238	</div>
				6239
				6240	<p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than \|<var>epsilon</var>\| to <var>-epsilon</var> or <var>epsilon</var> (whichever is closer) otherwise the pixel value remains unchanged.</p>
				6241
				6242	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6243	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
				6244	</div>
				6245
				6246	<p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
				6247
				6248	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6249	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
				6250	</div>
				6251
				6252	<p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
				6253
				6254	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6255	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
				6256	</div>
				6257
				6258	<p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
				6259
				6260	<p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
				6261
				6262	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6263	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
				6264	</div>
				6265
				6266	<p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; one floating point weight (coefficient) and one floating point polynomial exponent (power) for each image expressed as comma separated pairs.</p>
				6267
				6268	<p> The weights should typically be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 to avoid clamping in non-hdri mode at black and white.</p>
				6269
				6270	<p>The exponents may be positive, negative or zero. A negative exponent is equivalent to 1 divided by the image raised to the corresponding positive exponent. A zero exponent always produces 1 scaled by quantumrange to white, i.e. wt*white, no matter what the image.</p>
				6271
				6272	<p>The format is: <var>output = wt1image1^exp1 + wt2image2^exp2 </var>...</p>
				6273
				6274	<p>Some simple uses are:</p>
				6275	<ul>
				6276	<li>A weighted sum of each image provided all weights add to unity and all exponents=1. If the the weights are all equal to 1/(number of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-sequence</a> <var>mean</var>.</li>
				6277	<li>The sum of squares of two or more images, provided the weights are equal (and sum to 1 to avoid clamping) and the exponents equal 2.</li>
				6278	</ul>
				6279
				6280	<p>Note that one may add a constant color to the expression simply by using xc:somecolor for one of the images and specifying the desired weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6281
				6282	<p>Similarly one may add white to the expression by simply using null: (or xc:white) for one of the images with the appropriate weight and exponent equal to 0.</p>
				6283
				6284
				6285	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6286	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
				6287	</div>
				6288
				6289	<p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
				6290
				6291	<p>Very low values of <var>levels</var>, e.g., 2, 3, 4, have the most
				6292	visible effect.</p>
				6293
				6294	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6295	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
				6296	</div>
				6297
				6298	<p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
				6299
				6300	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6301	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
				6302	</div>
				6303
				6304	<p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
				6305
				6306	<p>Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
				6307	<code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
				6308	these previews:</p>
				6309
				6310	<pre class="pre-scrollable">
				6311	AddNoise
				6312	Blur
				6313	Brightness
				6314	Charcoal
				6315	Despeckle
				6316	Dull
				6317	EdgeDetect
				6318	Gamma
				6319	Grayscale
				6320	Hue
				6321	Implode
				6322	JPEG
				6323	OilPaint
				6324	Quantize
				6325	Raise
				6326	ReduceNoise
				6327	Roll
				6328	Rotate
				6329	Saturation
				6330	Segment
				6331	Shade
				6332	Sharpen
				6333	Shear
				6334	Solarize
				6335	Spiff
				6336	Spread
				6337	Swirl
				6338	Threshold
				6339	Wave
				6340	</pre>
				6341
				6342	<p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list preview</a> option.</p>
				6343
				6344	<p>The default preview is <code>JPEG</code>.</p>
				6345
				6346	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6347	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
				6348	</div>
				6349
				6350	<p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
				6351
				6352	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6353	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
				6354	</div>
				6355
				6356	<p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
				6357
				6358	<p>The command arguments has the form <code>"module arg1 arg2 arg3 ...
				6359	argN"</code> where <code>module</code> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g.
				6360	"Analyze") and arg1 arg2 arg3 ... argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
				6361	pass to the process module.</p>
				6362
				6363	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6364	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6365	+profile <var>profile_name</var></h3>
				6366	</div>
				6367
				6368	<p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
				6369
				6370	<p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
				6371	ICM (ICC color management), IPTC (newswire information), or a generic profile
				6372	to the image.</p>
				6373
				6374	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
				6375	remove the indicated profile. ImageMagick uses standard filename globbing, so
				6376	wildcard expressions may be used to remove more than one profile. Here we
				6377	remove all profiles from the image except for the XMP profile: <code>+profile
				6378	"!xmp,*"</code>. </p>
				6379
				6380	<p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
				6381	image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
				6382	comments).</p>
				6383
				6384	<p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
				6385	used. Instead, simply write the file to an image format such as <var>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</var> or <var>IPTC</var>.</p>
				6386
				6387	<p>For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files in the
				6388	<var>APP1</var> profile), use.</p>
				6389
				6390	<pre>
				6391	convert cockatoo.jpg profile.exif
				6392	</pre>
				6393
				6394	<p>It is important to note that results may depend on whether or not the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6395	original image already has an included profile. Also, keep in mind that <a
				6396	href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") and
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6397	therefore a conversion is made each time it is encountered, in order, in the
				6398	command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
				6399	CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
				6400
				6401	<pre>
				6402	convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
				6403	</pre>
				6404
				6405	<p>Furthermore, since ICC profiles are not necessarily symmetric, extra
				6406	conversion steps can yield unwanted results. CMYK profiles are often very
				6407	asymmetric since they involve 3−>4 and 4−>3 channel mapping.
				6408	</p>
				6409
				6410	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6411	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
				6412	</div>
				6413
				6414	<p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
				6415
				6416	<p>For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 1 (lowest image quality and
				6417	highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least effective compression).
				6418	The default is to use the estimated quality of your input image if it can
				6419	be determined, otherwise 92. When the quality is greater than 90, then the
				6420	chroma channels are not downsampled.
				6421	Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify the
				6422	factors for chroma downsampling.</p>
				6423
				6424	<p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
				6425	equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
				6426	non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
				6427	the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
				6428	compression. A quality of 75 results in a request for 16:1 compression.</p>
				6429
				6430	<p>For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib
				6431	compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
				6432	PNG "quality" is 75, which means compression level 7 with adaptive PNG
				6433	filtering, unless the image has a color map, in which case it means
				6434	compression level 7 with no PNG filtering.</p>
				6435
				6436	<p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
				6437	strategy is used, which is fastest but not necessarily the worst
				6438	compression.</p>
				6439
				6440	<p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
				6441	all scanlines:</p>
				6442
				6443	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				6444	<dt>0</dt><dd>none</dd>
				6445	<dt>1</dt><dd>sub</dd>
				6446	<dt>2</dt><dd>up</dd>
				6447	<dt>3</dt><dd>average</dd>
				6448	<dt>4</dt><dd>Paeth</dd>
				6449	</dl>
				6450
				6451	<p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
				6452	than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering is
				6453	used.</p>
				6454
				6455	<p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
				6456	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
				6457
				6458	<p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
				6459	transformation (intrapixel differencing) and adaptive filtering
				6460	with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
				6461
				6462	<p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6463	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6464	adaptive PNG filtering.</p>
				6465
				6466	<p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
				6467	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY strategy, when compression level is 0) is used with
				6468	no PNG filtering.</p>
				6469
				6470	<p>The quality setting has no effect on the appearance or signature of PNG
				6471	and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6472
				6473	<p>Not all combinations of compression level, strategy, and PNG filter type
				6474	can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
				6475	you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
				6476	PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
				6477	See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
				6478	over values from the -quality option.</p>
				6479
				6480	<p>For further information, see
				6481	the <a href="http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR">PNG</a> specification.</p>
				6482
				6483	<p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">Zip/BZip</a> compression level, which is 0 (worst but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</p>
				6484
				6485	<p>For the BPG image format, quality/2 is the actual BPG compression level (range from 0 to 51).</p>
				6486
				6487	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6488	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
				6489	</div>
				6490
				6491	<p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
				6492
				6493	<p>This setting defines the colorspace used to sort out and reduce the number
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6494	of colors needed by an image (for later dithering) by operators such as <a
				6495	href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6496	automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
				6497	GIF, and PNG8.</p>
				6498
				6499
				6500	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6501	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
				6502	</div>
				6503
				6504	<p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
				6505
				6506	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6507	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
				6508	</div>
				6509
				6510	<p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
				6511
				6512	<p>Note that this is actually a rotational blur rather than a radial and as
				6513	such actually mis-named. </p>
				6514
				6515	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine how
				6516	pixels which are outside the image proper are blurred into the final result.
				6517	</p>
				6518
				6519
				6520	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6521	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
				6522	</div>
				6523
				6524	<p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
				6525
				6526	<p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
				6527	a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
				6528
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6529	<p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
				6530	href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6531
				6532	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6533	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></h3>
				6534	</div>
				6535
				6536	<p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
				6537
				6538	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6539	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="read-mask"></a>-read-mask
				6540	<var>filename</var></h3>
				6541	</div>
				6542
				6543	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				6544
				6545	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				6546	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				6547	</p>
				6548
				6549	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">+read-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				6550
				6551	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				6552	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
				6553
				6554	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6555	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
				6556	</div>
				6557
				6558	<p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
				6559
				6560	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6561	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
				6562	</div>
				6563
				6564	<p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
				6565
				6566	<p>This option causes some warnings in some image formats to be treated
				6567	as errors. </p>
				6568
				6569	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6570	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
				6571	</div>
				6572
				6573	<p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this image.</p>
				6574
				6575	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) then
				6576	the given colors are dithered over the image as necessary, otherwise the closest
				6577	color (in RGB colorspace) is selected to replace that pixel in the image. </p>
				6578
				6579	<p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors across all
				6580	images in the current image sequence, all the images will have the same color
				6581	table. That means that when saved to a file format such as GIF, it will use
				6582	that color table as a single common or global color table, for all the images,
				6583	without requiring extra local color tables. </p>
				6584
				6585	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current image
				6586	sequence to use a common color map over all the images. This equivalent to
				6587	appending all the images together (without extra background colors) and color
				6588	reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
				6589	limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original list of
				6590	images. This ensures all the images follow a single color map. </p>
				6591
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6592	<p>If the number of colors over all the images is less than 256, then <a
				6593	href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or dithering, as
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6594	no color changes are needed. In that case, its only effect is to force the use
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6595	of a global color table. This recommended after using either <a
				6596	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6597	reduce the number of colors in an animated image sequence. </p>
				6598
				6599	<p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagically coalesced with other colors to meet this requirement.</p>
				6600
				6601	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6602	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6603	</div>
				6604
				6605	<p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
				6606
				6607	<p>The <var>x</var> and <var>y</var> offsets are treated
				6608	in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
				6609
				6610	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6611
				6612	<p>Use <code>+region</code> to remove any previously set regions.</p>
				6613
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6614	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6615	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
				6616	</div>
				6617
				6618	<p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
				6619
				6620	<p>The only command recognized is the name of an image file to load.</p>
				6621
				6622	<p>If you have more than one <a href="display.html">display</a> application
				6623	running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
				6624	specify which application to control.</p>
				6625
				6626	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6627	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="render"></a>-render</h3>
				6628	</div>
				6629
				6630	<p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
				6631
				6632	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operations.
				6633	This useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</p>
				6634
				6635	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6636	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6637	</div>
				6638
				6639	<p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
				6640
				6641	<p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image operator
				6642	rather than a setting. You can separately set the canvas size or the offset
				6643	of the image on that canvas by only providing those components. </p>
				6644
				6645	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				6646
				6647	<p>If a <code>!</code> flag is given the offset given is added to the existing
				6648	offset to move the image relative to its previous position. This useful for
				6649	animation sequences. </p>
				6650
				6651	<p>A given a canvas size of zero such as '<code>0x0</code>' forces it to
				6652	recalculate the canvas size so the image (at its current offset) will appear
				6653	completely on that canvas (unless it has a negative offset).</p>
				6654
				6655	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
				6656	canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
				6657
				6658	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
				6659	directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
				6660
				6661
				6662	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6663	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
				6664	</div>
				6665
				6666	<p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
				6667
				6668	<p>Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the original
				6669	at the specified target resolution. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at
				6670	3 inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been resampled to
				6671	72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72 DPI device. Note that
				6672	only a small number of image formats (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of
				6673	storing the image resolution. For formats which do not support an image
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6674	resolution, the original resolution of the image must be specified via <a
				6675	href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6676	resample resolution.</p>
				6677
				6678	<p>Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a proprietary
				6679	embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image, then Photoshop will
				6680	continue to treat the image using its former resolution, ignoring the image
				6681	resolution specified in the standard file header.</p>
				6682
				6683	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6684	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6685	</div>
				6686
				6687	<p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
				6688
				6689	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6690	ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
				6691
				6692	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6693	or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
				6694	href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6695	filter.</p>
				6696
				6697	<p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
				6698	coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
				6699	correction, apply the transform, then restore it like this:</p>
				6700
				6701	<pre>
				6702	convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
				6703	-quality 92 passport.jpg
				6704	</pre>
				6705
				6706	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6707	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
				6708	</div>
				6709
				6710	<p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
				6711
				6712	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6713	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
				6714	</div>
				6715
				6716	<p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
				6717
				6718
				6719	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6720	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				6721	</div>
				6722
				6723	<p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
				6724
				6725	<p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
				6726	A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
				6727
				6728
				6729	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6730	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}</h3>
				6731	</div>
				6732
				6733	<p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
				6734
				6735	<p>Use <code>></code> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
				6736	height. <code><</code> rotates the image <var>only</var> if its width is less
				6737	than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
				6738	the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if the image is
				6739	640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
				6740	<code><</code>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it from being
				6741	misinterpreted as a file redirection.</p>
				6742
				6743	<p>Empty triangles in the corners, left over from rotating the image, are
				6744	filled with the <code>background</code> color. </p>
				6745
				6746	<p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically the
				6747	'<code>ScaleRotateTranslate</code>' distort method. </p>
				6748
				6749
				6750	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6751	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6752	</div>
				6753
				6754	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6755
				6756	<p>Change the image size simply by directly sampling the pixels original
				6757	from the image. When magnifying, pixels are replicated in blocks. When
				6758	minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
				6759	over). </p>
				6760
				6761	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6762	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
				6763	neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
				6764	avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it completely ignores
				6765	the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6766
				6767	<p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new colors
				6768	will be added to the resulting image, though some colors may disappear. </p>
				6769
				6770	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are
				6771	ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
				6772
				6773
				6774	<p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
				6775	As such a single pixel sampling of an image will take the middle pixel, (or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6776	top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
				6777	href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modify
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6778	this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
				6779	a percentage offset.</p>
				6780
				6781	<p>By default this value is '<code>50</code>' for the midpoint, but could be set
				6782	to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
				6783	separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
				6784	sampling sub-region.</p>
				6785
				6786
				6787	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6788	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>vertical-factor</var></h3>
				6789	</div>
				6790
				6791	<p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encoder.</p>
				6792
				6793	<p>This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the JPEG encoder
				6794	for chroma downsampling. If this option is omitted, the JPEG library will use
				6795	its own default values. When reading or writing the YUV format and when
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6796	writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
				6797	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
				6798	href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6799	downsampling method.</p>
				6800
				6801	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6802	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
				6803	</div>
				6804
				6805	<p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel replication, respectively.</p>
				6806
				6807	<p>Change the image size simply by replacing pixels by averaging pixels
				6808	together when minifying, or replacing pixels when magnifying. </p>
				6809
				6810	<p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> with
				6811	a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is a lot
				6812	faster, as it avoids all the filter processing of the image. As such it
				6813	completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
				6814
				6815	<p>If when shrinking (minifying) images the original image is some integer
				6816	multiple of the new image size, the number of pixels averaged together to
				6817	produce the new pixel color is the same across the whole image. This is
				6818	a special case known as 'binning' and is often used as a method of reducing
				6819	noise in image such as those generated by digital cameras, especially in low
				6820	light conditions. </p>
				6821
				6822
				6823	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6824	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
				6825	</div>
				6826
				6827	<p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
				6828
				6829	<p>This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in an image sequence.</p>
				6830
				6831	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6832	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
				6833	</div>
				6834
				6835	<p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
				6836
				6837	<p>This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
				6838	should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
				6839	window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap the
				6840	specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other popups
				6841	that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</p>
				6842
				6843	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6844	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
				6845	</div>
				6846
				6847	<p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
				6848
				6849	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6850	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-threshold</var></h3>
				6851	</div>
				6852
				6853	<p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
				6854
				6855	<p>Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
				6856	identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
				6857	is part of the ImageMagick color quantization routines. </p>
				6858
				6859	<p>Specify <var>cluster threshold</var> as the number of pixels in
				6860	each cluster that must exceed the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
				6861	<var>Smoothing threshold</var> eliminates noise in the second
				6862	derivative of the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect
				6863	a smoother second derivative. The default is 1.5.</p>
				6864
				6865	<p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed report
				6866	of the color clusters is returned.</p>
				6867
				6868
				6869	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6870	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6871	</div>
				6872
				6873	<p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
				6874
				6875	<p>Blurs those pixels that are less than or equal to the threshold in
				6876	contrast. The threshold may be expressed as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var> or as a percentage.</p>
				6877
				6878	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6879	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
				6880	</div>
				6881
				6882	<p class="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>.</p>
				6883
				6884	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6885	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6886	</div>
				6887
				6888	<p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
				6889
				6890	<p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				6891
				6892	<p>This option applies a special effect to the image, similar to the effect
				6893	achieved in a photo darkroom by sepia toning. Threshold ranges from 0 to <var>QuantumRange</var> and is a measure of the extent of the sepia
				6894	toning. A threshold of 80% is a good starting point for a reasonable
				6895	tone.</p>
				6896
				6897
				6898
				6899	<div style="margin: auto;">
				6900	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
				6901	<h3 class="magick-header">+set <var>key</var></h3>
				6902	</div>
				6903
				6904	<p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image sequence.</p>
				6905
				6906	<p>This will assign (or modify) specific settings attached to all the images
				6907	in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of the
				6908	option will either remove, or reset that setting to a default state, as
				6909	appropriate. </p>
				6910
				6911	<p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6912	'attributes' such as those normally overridden by: the options <a
				6913	href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a>, and <a
				6914	href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace</a>; generally
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6915	assigned before the image is read in, by using a <var>key</var> of
				6916	the same name. </p>
				6917
				6918	<p>If the given <var>key</var> does not match a specific known
				6919	'attribute ', such as shown above, the setting is stored as a a free form
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6920	'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
				6921	>-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6922	</p>
				6923
				6924	<p>This includes string 'properties' that are set by and assigned to images
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6925	using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#label"
				6926	>-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assign
				6927	a global 'artifact' which are automatically assigned (and any <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6928	Escapes</a> expanded) to images as they are read in. For example:</p>
				6929
				6930	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6931	-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' rose.png
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6932	identify -format %c rose.png
				6933	Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose
				6934	</pre>
				6935
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6936	<p>The set value can also make use of <a href="escape.html" >Format and Print Image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6937	Properties</a> in the defined value. For example:</p>
				6938
				6939	<pre>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6940	-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6941	-format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
				6942	Old size = 70x46 New size = 35x23
				6943	</pre>
				6944
				6945	<p>Other well known 'properties' that are available include:
				6946	'<code>date:create</code>' and '<code>date:modify</code>' and
				6947	'<code>signature</code>'. </p>
				6948
				6949	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
				6950	the '<code>page</code>' attribute of an image for images already in memory (also
				6951	see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a finer
				6952	control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page</a>
				6953	option will only provide a direct, unmodified assignment of '<code>page</code>'
				6954	attribute. </p>
				6955
				6956	<p>This option can also associate a colorspace or profile with your image.
				6957	For example,</p>
				6958
				6959	<pre>
				6960	convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
				6961	</pre>
				6962
				6963	<p>Some 'properties' must be defined in a specific way to be used. For
				6964	example only 'properties' prefixed with "<code>filename:</code>" can be used to
				6965	modify the output filename of an image. For example</p>
				6966
				6967	<pre>
				6968	convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].png'
				6969	</pre>
				6970
				6971	<p>If the setting value is prefixed with "<code>option:</code>" the setting will
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6972	be saved as a global "Artifact" exactly as if it was set using the <a
				6973	href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, they
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6974	can be used to pass 'attributes' and 'properties' of one specific image,
				6975	in a way that allows you to use them in a completely different image, even if
				6976	the original image has long since been modified or destroyed. For example: </p>
				6977
				6978	<pre>
				6979	convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
				6980	label:'%[rosesize]' label_size_of_rose.gif"
				6981	</pre>
				6982
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	6983	<p>Note that <a href="escape.html" >Format Percent Escapes</a> will only match
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	6984	a 'artifact' if the given <var>key</var> does not match an existing
				6985	'attribute' or 'property'. </p>
				6986
				6987	<p>You can set the attributes of the image registry by prefixing the value
				6988	with <code>registry:</code>.</p>
				6989
				6990	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
				6991	previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
				6992	the commandline option as shown below or by setting the profile via a
				6993	programming interface:</p>
				6994
				6995	<pre>
				6996	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
				6997	</pre>
				6998
				6999	<p>where <var>x</var> is a location flag and
				7000	<var>filename</var> is a file containing the chunk
				7001	name in the first 4 bytes, then a colon (":"), followed by the chunk data.
				7002	This encoder will compute the chunk length and CRC, so those must not
				7003	be included in the file.</p>
				7004
				7005	<p>"x" can be "b" (before PLTE), "m" (middle, i.e., between PLTE and IDAT),
				7006	or "e" (end, i.e., after IDAT). If you want to write multiple chunks
				7007	of the same type, then add a short unique string after the "x" to prevent
				7008	subsequent profiles from overwriting the preceding ones, e.g.,</p>
				7009
				7010
				7011	<pre>
				7012	convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
				7013	-profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
				7014	</pre>
				7015
				7016	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7017	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
				7018	</div>
				7019
				7020	<p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
				7021
				7022	<p>Specify <var>azimuth</var> and <var>elevation</var> as
				7023	the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
				7024	the shading results as a grayscale image.</p>
				7025
				7026	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7027	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7028	</div>
				7029
				7030	<p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
				7031
				7032	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7033	<h3 class="magick-header"><a
				7034	id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7035	</div>
				7036
				7037	<p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
				7038
				7039	<p>This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
				7040	memory for pixmaps. ImageMagick must be compiled with shared memory support,
				7041	and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
				7042	Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is <code>True</code>.</p>
				7043
				7044	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7045	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7046	</div>
				7047
				7048	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
				7049
				7050	<p>Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</p>
				7051
				7052	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7053	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7054	</div>
				7055
				7056	<p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
				7057
				7058	<p>The <var>size</var> portion of the <var>geometry</var>
				7059	argument specifies the width of the region to be removed from both sides of
				7060	the image and the height of the regions to be removed from top and bottom.
				7061	Offsets are ignored.</p>
				7062
				7063	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7064
				7065	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7066	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
				7067	</div>
				7068
				7069	<p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
				7070
				7071	<p>The shear angles may be positive, negative, or zero. When <var>Ydegrees</var> is omitted it defaults to 0. When both angles are
				7072	given, the horizontal component of the shear is performed before the vertical
				7073	component.</p>
				7074
				7075	<p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
				7076	horizontally or vertically, respectively),creating a parallelogram. The amount
				7077	of each is controlled by the respective shear angle. For horizontal shears,
				7078	<var>Xdegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "up" (the
				7079	negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to the left when 90°<<var>Xdegrees</var><180°. For vertical shears <var>Ydegrees</var> is measured clockwise relative to "right" (the
				7080	positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°<<var>Ydegrees</var><180°.</p>
				7081
				7082	<p>Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the color
				7083	defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specified
				7084	using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7085
				7086	<p>The horizontal shear is performed before the vertical part. This is
				7087	important to note, since horizontal and vertical shears do not
				7088	<var>commute</var>, i.e., the order matters in a sequence of shears. For
				7089	example, the following two commands are not equivalent.</p>
				7090
				7091	<pre>
				7092	convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
				7093	convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
				7094	</pre>
				7095
				7096	<p>The first of the two commands above is equivalent to the following, except
				7097	for the amount of empty space created; the command that follows generates
				7098	a smaller image, and so is a better choice in terms of time and space.</p>
				7099
				7100	<pre>
				7101	convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
				7102	</pre>
				7103
				7104	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7105	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid-point</var></h3>
				7106	</div>
				7107
				7108	<p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
				7109
				7110	<p>Increase the contrast of the image using a sigmoidal transfer function
				7111	without saturating highlights or shadows. <var>Contrast</var>
				7112	indicates how much to increase the contrast. For example, 0 is none, 3 is
				7113	typical and 20 is a lot.
				7114	</p>
				7115
				7116	<p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
				7117	'slope' in contrast should fall in the resultant image (0 is white; 50% is
				7118	middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
				7119
				7120	<p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the contrast.</p>
				7121
				7122	<p>To achieve the equivalent of a sigmoidal brightness change (similar to
				7123	a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
				7124	{brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to decrease brightness.
				7125	Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
				7126
				7127	<p>Using a very high <var>contrast</var> will produce a sort of
				7128	'smoothed thresholding' of the image. Not as sharp (with high aliasing
				7129	effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
				7130	<var>mid-point</var>. </p>
				7131
				7132	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7133	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7134
				7135
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7136	</div>
				7137
Cristy	f650f4f	2016-04-01 10:53:07 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7138	<p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
				7139	by the <a href="import.html">import</a> tool.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7140
				7141	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7142	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
				7143	</div>
				7144
				7145	<p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
				7146
				7147	<p>If this setting is used, then the search will stop as soon as it finds a match whose metric is less than or equal to the value. A partially filled second output image will result. Using a value of zero, will cause the search to stop at the first perfect match it finds. If this setting is left off, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var>.</p>
				7148
				7149	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7150	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]</h3>
				7151	</div>
				7152
				7153	<p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
				7154
				7155	<p>Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
				7156	dimensions are unknown such as <code>GRAY</code>, <code>RGB</code>, or
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7157	<code>CMYK</code>. In addition to width and height, use <a
				7158	href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7159	image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
				7160	640x512+256).</p>
				7161
				7162	<p>For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</p>
				7163
				7164	<pre>
				7165	192x128
				7166	384x256
				7167	768x512
				7168	1536x1024
				7169	3072x2048
				7170	</pre>
				7171
				7172	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7173	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>+<var>angle</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7174	</div>
				7175
				7176	<p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
				7177
				7178	<p>Sketch with the given radius, standard deviation (sigma), and angle. The
				7179	angle given is the angle toward which the image is sketched. That is the
				7180	direction people would consider the object is coming from. </p>
				7181
				7182	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7183	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
				7184	</div>
				7185
Cristy	bc23242	2016-11-22 07:46:18 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7186	<p class="magick-description">appends an image sequence together ignoring transparency.</p>
				7187
				7188	<p>Smush is a more flexible version of <a href="command-line-options.html#append">-append</a>, joining the images in the sequence top-to-bottom (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a>) or left-to-right (<a href="command-line-options.html#smush">+smush</a>), with a gap between images according to the specified offset.</p>
				7189
				7190	<p>If the offset is negative, images will overlap by that amount.</p>
				7191
				7192	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a> respects <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a>. Any empty space will be filled with the <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color.</p>
				7193
				7194	<p>For zero offset and transparent images, the non-transparent parts of the two images will be aligned as close as possible without overlapping.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7195
				7196	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7197	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
				7198	</div>
				7199
				7200	<p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
				7201
				7202	<p>Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create an animation sequence.</p>
				7203
				7204	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	769d889	2016-01-19 18:11:14 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7205	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7206	</div>
				7207
				7208	<p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
				7209
				7210	<p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
				7211
				7212	<p>This option produces a <var>solarization</var> effect seen when
				7213	exposing a photographic film to light during the development process.</p>
				7214
				7215	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7216	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y</var> <var>color</var> ...'</h3>
				7217	</div>
				7218
				7219	<p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filling the other intervening colors using the given methods. </p>
				7220
				7221
				7222	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7223	<dt>barycentric</dt>
				7224	<dd>three point triangle of color given 3 points.
				7225	Giving only 2 points will form a linear gradient between those points.
				7226	The gradient generated extends beyond the triangle created by those
				7227	3 points. </dd>
				7228	<dt>bilinear</dt>
				7229	<dd>Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
				7230	fall back to barycentric. </dd>
				7231	<dt>voronoi</dt>
				7232	<dd>Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
				7233	given. The result are polygonal 'cells' of solid color. </dd>
				7234	<dt>manhatten</dt>
				7235	<dd>Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinate system.</dd>
				7236	<dt>shepards</dt>
				7237	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
				7238	squared. Generating spots of color in a sea of the average of
				7239	colors. </dd>
				7240	<dt>inverse</dt>
				7241	<dd>Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
				7242	This generates sharper points of color rather than rounded spots of
				7243	'<code>shepards</code>' Generating spots of color in a sea of the
				7244	average of colors. </dd>
				7245	</dl>
				7246
				7247	<p>The points are placed according to the images location on the virtual
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7248	canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >-repage</a>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7249	offset), and do not actually have to exist on the given image, but may be
				7250	some point beyond the edge of the image. All points are floating point values.
				7251	</p>
				7252
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7253	<p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> are
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7254	modified, which means that by default matte/alpha transparency channel is not
				7255	effected. Typically transparency channel is turned off either before or after
				7256	the operation. </p>
				7257
				7258	<p>Of course if some color points are transparent to generate a transparent
				7259	gradient, then the image also requires transparency enabled to store the
				7260	values. </p>
				7261
				7262	<p>All the above methods when given a single point of color will replace all
				7263	the colors in the image with the color given, regardless of the point. This is
				7264	logical, and provides an alternative technique to recolor an image to some
				7265	default value. </p>
				7266
				7267
				7268	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7269	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7270	</div>
				7271
				7272	<p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
				7273
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7274	<p>This will add rows and columns of the current <a
				7275	href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7276	given <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument. Essentially <a href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> will divide the
				7277	image into four quadrants, separating them by the inserted rows and columns.
				7278	</p>
				7279
				7280	<p>If a dimension of geometry is zero no rows or columns will be added for that
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7281	dimension. Similarly using a zero offset with the appropriate <a
				7282	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edges of
				7283	the image, padding the image only along that one edge. Edge padding is what <a
				7284	href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7285
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7286	<p>If the exact same <var>geometry</var> and <a
				7287	href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7288	added added all splices removed. </p>
				7289
				7290	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7291	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
				7292	</div>
				7293
				7294	<p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
				7295
				7296	<p>The argument <var>amount</var> defines the size of the
				7297	neighborhood around each pixel from which to choose a candidate pixel to
				7298	blend.</p>
				7299
				7300	<p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting.</p>
				7301
				7302	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7303	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7304	</div>
				7305
				7306	<p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood.</p>
				7307
				7308	<p>Choose from these statistic types:</p>
				7309	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7310	<dt>Gradient</dt><dd>maximum difference (max - min) value in neighborhood</dd>
				7311	<dt>Maximum</dt><dd>maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7312	<dt>Minimum</dt><dd>minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7313	<dt>Mean</dt><dd>average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7314	<dt>Median</dt><dd>median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7315	<dt>Mode</dt><dd>mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7316	<dt>Nonpeak</dt><dd>value just before or after the median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7317	<dt>RMS</dt><dd>root mean square value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7318	<dt>StandardDeviation</dt><dd> standard deviation value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
				7319	</dl>
				7320
				7321	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7322	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
				7323	</div>
				7324
				7325	<p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
				7326
				7327	<p>Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
				7328	beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will need
				7329	this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
				7330	320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</p>
				7331
				7332	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7333	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
				7334	</div>
				7335
				7336	<p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
				7337
				7338	<p>The left side of the stereo pair (second image) is saved as the red channel of the output image. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</p>
				7339
				7340	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7341	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7342	</div>
				7343
				7344	<p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
				7345
				7346	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7347	<dt>char</dt><dd>unsigned characters</dd>
				7348	<dt>double</dt><dd>doubles</dd>
				7349	<dt>float</dt><dd>floats</dd>
				7350	<dt>integer</dt><dd>integers</dd>
				7351	<dt>long</dt><dd>longs</dd>
				7352	<dt>quantum</dt><dd>pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagick distribution</dd>
				7353	<dt>short</dt><dd>unsigned shorts</dd>
				7354	</dl>
				7355
				7356	<p>Float and double types are normalized from 0.0 to 1.0 otherwise the pixels
				7357	values range from 0 to the maximum value the storage type can support.</p>
				7358
				7359	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7360	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
				7361	</div>
				7362
				7363	<p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
				7364
				7365	<p>This setting suggests a type of stretch that ImageMagick should try to
				7366	apply to the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStretch</var> from the following.</p>
				7367
				7368	<pre>
				7369	Any
				7370	Condensed
				7371	Expanded
				7372	ExtraCondensed
				7373	ExtraExpanded
				7374	Normal
				7375	SemiCondensed
				7376	SemiExpanded
				7377	UltraCondensed
				7378	UltraExpanded
				7379	</pre>
				7380
				7381	<p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
				7382	stretch</a>.</p>
				7383
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7384	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7385	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7386	href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7387
				7388	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7389	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
				7390	</div>
				7391
Cristy	776113a	2016-04-29 12:01:19 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7392	<p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles, comments or these PNG chunks: bKGD,cHRM,EXIF,gAMA,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7393
				7394	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7395	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
				7396	</div>
				7397
				7398	<p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
				7399
				7400	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7401
				7402	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7403
				7404	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7405	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
				7406	</div>
				7407
				7408	<p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
				7409
				7410	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7411
				7412	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7413	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
				7414	</div>
				7415
				7416	<p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
				7417
				7418	<p>This setting suggests a font style that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7419	the currently selected font family. Select <var>fontStyle</var> from
				7420	the following.</p>
				7421
				7422	<pre>
				7423	Any
				7424	Italic
				7425	Normal
				7426	Oblique
				7427	</pre>
				7428
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7429	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				7430	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				7431	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-weight</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7432
				7433	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7434	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
				7435	</div>
				7436
				7437	<p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
				7438
				7439	<p>This option is required to have compare search for the best match location
				7440	of a small image within a larger image. This search will produce two images
				7441	(or two frames). The first is the "difference" image and the second will
				7442	be the "match score" image.</p>
				7443
				7444	<p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
				7445	position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
				7446	be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
				7447	this image is the location s the locate on the best match that is also
				7448	reported. Note that this may or may not be a perfect match, and the actual
				7449	brightness will reflect this. Other bright 'peaks' can be used to locate other
				7450	possible matching locations. </p>
				7451
				7452	<p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
				7453	location in the larger image, as such it can be very slow. The smaller the
				7454	sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
				7455
				7456
				7457	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7458	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
				7459	</div>
				7460
				7461	<p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
				7462
				7463	<p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
				7464	images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to switch
				7465	the last two images in the sequence.</p>
				7466
				7467	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7468	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
				7469	</div>
				7470
				7471	<p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
				7472
				7473	<p><var>Degrees</var> defines the tightness of the swirl.</p>
				7474
				7475	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7476	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
				7477	</div>
				7478
				7479	<p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
				7480
				7481	<p>Set to "true" to ensure all image data is fully flushed and synchronized
				7482	to disk. There is a performance penalty, but the benefits include ensuring a
				7483	valid image file in the event of a system crash and early reporting if there
				7484	is not enough disk space for the image pixel cache.</p>
				7485
				7486	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7487	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
				7488	</div>
				7489
				7490	<p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
				7491
				7492	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7493	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
				7494	</div>
				7495
				7496	<p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
				7497
				7498	<p>Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
				7499	formatted text. The default is 14 point <var>Courier</var>.</p>
				7500
				7501	<p>You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
				7502	OPTION1 font. For example, <code>Courier.ttf</code> is a TrueType font and
				7503	<code>x:fixed</code> is OPTION1.</p>
				7504
				7505	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7506	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
				7507	</div>
				7508
				7509	<p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
				7510
				7511	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7512	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7513	</div>
				7514
				7515	<!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
				7516	<p>If the green or blue value is omitted, these channels use the same value as
				7517	the first one provided. If all three color values are the same, the result is
				7518	a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
				7519	and any partially transparent pixel becomes fully transparent.</p>
				7520	-->
				7521
				7522	<p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
				7523
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7524	<p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a>) that exceed the specified threshold are reassigned the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7525	maximum channel value, while all other values are assigned the minimum.</p>
				7526
				7527	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				7528	value corresponding to the desired channel value. When given as an integer,
				7529	the minimum attainable value is 0 (corresponding to black when all channels
				7530	are affected), but the maximum value (corresponding to white) is that of the
				7531	<code>quantum depth</code> of the particular build of ImageMagick, and is
				7532	therefore dependent on the installation. For that reason, a reasonable
				7533	recommendation for most applications is to specify the threshold values as
				7534	a percentage. </p>
				7535
				7536	<p> The following would force pixels with red values above 50% to have 100%
				7537	red values, while those at or below 50% red would be set to 0 in the red
				7538	channel. The green, blue, and alpha channels (if present) would be unchanged.
				7539	</p>
				7540
				7541	<pre>
				7542	convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
				7543	</pre>
				7544
				7545	<p>As (possibly) impractical but instructive examples, the following would
				7546	generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
				7547	input image.</p>
				7548
				7549
				7550	<pre>
				7551	convert in.png -threshold 100% black.png
				7552	convert in.png -threshold -1 white.png
				7553	</pre>
				7554
				7555	<p>Note that the values of the transparency channel is treated as 'matte'
				7556	values (0 is opaque) and not as 'alpha' values (0 is transparent).</p>
				7557
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7558	<p> See also <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">‑white‑threshold</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7559	</p>
				7560
				7561	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7562	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7563	</div>
				7564
				7565	<p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
				7566
				7567	<p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
				7568	for speed and any image profile, other than a color profile, is removed to
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7569	reduce the thumbnail size. To strip the color profiles as well, add <a
				7570	href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7571
				7572	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7573
				7574	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7575	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
				7576	</div>
				7577
				7578	<p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</p>
				7579
				7580	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7581	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
				7582	</div>
				7583
				7584	<p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
				7585
				7586	<p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">geometry</em> argument.</p>
				7587
				7588	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7589	<h3 class="magick-header">-tile</h3>
				7590	</div>
				7591
				7592	<p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across and down image.</p>
				7593
				7594	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7595	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></h3>
				7596	</div>
				7597
				7598	<p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image it is tiled on.</p>
				7599
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7600	<p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
				7601	>-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7602	creating a tiled canvas using <code>TILE:</code> or <code>PATTERN:</code> input
				7603	formats. </p>
				7604
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7605	<p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile image
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7606	by the arguments given when the tile image is set. </p>
				7607
				7608	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7609	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
				7610	</div>
				7611
				7612	<p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7613
				7614	<p>Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
				7615
				7616	<p>Specify the amount of tinting as a percentage. Pure colors like black,
				7617	white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
				7618	as the various shades of grey.</p>
				7619
				7620	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7621	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
				7622	</div>
				7623
				7624	<p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</p>
				7625
				7626	<p>Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This assigned to
				7627	the image window and is typically displayed in the window title bar.
				7628	Optionally you can include the image filename, type, width, height, Exif data,
				7629	or other image attribute by embedding special format characters described
				7630	under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
				7631
				7632	<p>For example,</p>
				7633
				7634	<pre>
				7635	-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
				7636	</pre>
				7637
				7638	<p>produces an image title of <code>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</code> for an image
				7639	titled <code>bird.miff</code> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</p>
				7640
				7641
				7642	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7643	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
				7644	</div>
				7645
				7646	<p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
				7647
				7648	<p>This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option.</p>
				7649
				7650	<pre>
				7651	convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
				7652	</pre>
				7653
				7654
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7655	<p>This operator has been now been superseded by the <a
				7656	href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7657
				7658
				7659	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7660	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
				7661	</div>
				7662
				7663	<p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
				7664
				7665	<p>The <var>color</var> argument is defined using the format
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7666	described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz"
				7667	>-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7668	given. </p>
				7669
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7670	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matched.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7671	that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
				7672
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7673	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
				7674	href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with the
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7675	current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7676	However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
				7677	that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
				7678	>-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
				7679	href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7680
				7681	<p>Note that this does not define the color as being the 'transparency color'
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7682	used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
				7683	href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7684
				7685
				7686	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7687	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
				7688	</div>
				7689
				7690	<p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
				7691
				7692	<p>Sometimes this is used for saving to image formats such as
				7693	GIF and PNG8 which uses this color to represent boolean transparency. This
				7694	does not make a color transparent, it only defines what color the transparent
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7695	color is in the color palette of the saved image. Use <a
				7696	href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7697
				7698	<p>This option allows you to have both an opaque visible color, as well as a
				7699	transparent color of the same color value without conflict. That is, you can
				7700	use the same color for both the transparent and opaque color areas within an
				7701	image. This, in turn, frees to you to select a transparent color that is
				7702	appropriate when an image is displayed by an application that does not handle a
				7703	transparent color index, while allowing ImageMagick to correctly handle images of this
				7704	type. </p>
				7705
				7706	<p>The default transparent color is <code>#00000000</code>, which is fully transparent black.</p>
				7707
				7708	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7709	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
				7710	</div>
				7711
				7712	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
				7713
				7714	<p> This option mathematically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
				7715	</p>
				7716
				7717	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7718	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
				7719	</div>
				7720
				7721	<p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Equivalent to the operations <code>-flop -rotate 90</code>.</p>
				7722
				7723
				7724	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7725	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
				7726	</div>
				7727
				7728	<p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7729
				7730	<p>Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one causes
				7731	the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
				7732
				7733	<p>An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
				7734	image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
				7735	However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure the
				7736	best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7737	the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/www/quantize.html"
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7738	>color reduction algorithm</a> for more details.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7739
				7740	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>
				7741	option, or writing to an image format which requires color reduction, is
				7742	required for this option to take effect.</p>
				7743
				7744	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7745	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
				7746	</div>
				7747
				7748	<p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
				7749
				7750	<p>This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the corner
				7751	pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> remove
				7752	edges that are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</p>
				7753
				7754	<p>The page or virtual canvas information of the image is preserved allowing
				7755	you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from the
				7756	image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas page
				7757	information if it is unwanted.</p>
				7758
				7759	<p>If the trimmed image 'disappears' an warning is produced, and a special
				7760	single pixel transparent 'missed' image is returned, in the same way as when a
				7761	<a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
				7762
				7763
				7764	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7765	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
				7766	</div>
				7767
				7768	<p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
				7769	<code>Grayscale</code>, <code>GrayscaleMatte</code>, <code>Palette</code>,
				7770	<code>PaletteMatte</code>, <code>TrueColor</code>, <code>TrueColorMatte</code>,
				7771	<code>ColorSeparation</code>, or <code>ColorSeparationMatte</code>.</p>
				7772
				7773	<p>Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as grayscale and
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7774	truecolor, the encoder will try to choose an efficient subformat. The <a
				7775	href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7776	example, to prevent a JPEG from being written in grayscale format even though
				7777	only gray pixels are present, use.</p>
				7778
				7779	<pre>
				7780	convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
				7781	</pre>
				7782
				7783	<p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorMatte</a> to force the
				7784	encoder to write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the
				7785	output format supports transparency.</p>
				7786
				7787	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written in the smallest possible file size.</p>
				7788
				7789	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7790	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
				7791	</div>
				7792
				7793	<p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
				7794
				7795	<p>The color is specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
				7796
				7797	<p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
				7798
				7799
				7800	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7801	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
				7802	</div>
				7803
				7804	<p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
				7805
				7806	<p>Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
				7807	displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
				7808	the input file has been changed and update the displayed image
				7809	accordingly.</p>
				7810
				7811
				7812	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7813	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
				7814	</div>
				7815
				7816	<p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
				7817
				7818
				7819	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7820	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
				7821	</div>
				7822
				7823	<p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
				7824
				7825	<p>Choose from: <code>Undefined</code>, <code>PixelsPerInch</code>, or
				7826	<code>PixelsPerCentimeter</code>. This option is normally used in conjunction
				7827	with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
				7828
				7829
				7830	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7831	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+gain</var>}{<var>+threshold</var>}</h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7832	</div>
				7833
				7834	<p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
				7835
				7836	<p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image is
				7837	convolved with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
				7838	(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
				7839	a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</p>
				7840
				7841	<p>The parameters are:</p>
				7842
				7843	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7844	<dt>radius</dt>
				7845	<dd>The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).</dd>
				7846	<dt>sigma</dt>
				7847	<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
				7848	<dt>gain</dt>
				7849	<dd>The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is added back into the original (default 1.0).</dd>
				7850	<dt>threshold</dt>
				7851	<dd>The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the difference amount (default 0.05).</dd>
				7852	</dl>
				7853
				7854	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7855	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
				7856	</div>
				7857
				7858	<p class="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <a href="command-line-options.html#identify">-identify</a> option or <code>info:</code>.</p>
				7859
				7860
				7861	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7862	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="version"></a>-version</h3>
				7863	</div>
				7864
				7865	<p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
				7866
				7867
				7868	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7869	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
				7870	</div>
				7871
				7872	<p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
				7873
				7874
				7875	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7876	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				7877	</div>
				7878
				7879	<p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
				7880
				7881	<p>The vignette effect rolloff is controlled by radiusxsigma. For nominal rolloff, this would be set to 0xsigma. A value of 0x0 will produce a circle/ellipse with no rolloff. The arguments x and y control the size of the circle. Larger values decrease the radii and smaller values increase the radii. Values of +0+0 will generate a circle/ellipse the same size as the image. The default values for x and y are 10% of the corresponding image dimension. Thus, the radii will be decreased by 10%, i.e., the diameters of the circle/ellipse will be 80% of the corresponding image dimension.</p>
				7882
				7883	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7884	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
				7885	</div>
				7886
				7887	<p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
				7888
				7889	<p>This option defines what color source should be used if and when a color
				7890	lookup completely 'misses' the source image. The color(s) that appear to
				7891	surround the source image. Generally this color is derived from the source
				7892	image, but could also be set to a specify background color. </p>
				7893
				7894	<p>Choose from these methods:</p>
				7895
				7896	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7897	<dt>background</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is the background color</dd>
				7898	<dt>black</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
				7899	<dt>checker-tile</dt><dd>alternate squares with image and background color</dd>
				7900	<dt>dither</dt><dd>non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
				7901	<dt>edge</dt><dd>extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
				7902	<dt>gray</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
				7903	<dt>horizontal-tile</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image, background color above/below</dd>
				7904	<dt>horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd>horizontally tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7905	<dt>mirror</dt><dd>mirror tile the image</dd>
				7906	<dt>random</dt><dd>choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
				7907	<dt>tile</dt><dd>tile the image (default)</dd>
				7908	<dt>transparent</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is transparent blackness</dd>
				7909	<dt>vertical-tile</dt><dd>vertically tile the image, sides are background color</dd>
				7910	<dt>vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd>vertically tile the image and replicate the side edge pixels</dd>
				7911	<dt>white</dt><dd>the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
				7912	</dl>
				7913
				7914	<p>The default value is "edge".</p>
				7915
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7916	<p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
				7917	>-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>.
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7918	However it also effects operations that may access pixels just outside the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7919	image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
				7920	href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-sharpen</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7921
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7922	<p>To print a complete list of virtual pixel types, use the <a
				7923	href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7924
				7925
				7926	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7927	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
				7928	</div>
				7929
				7930	<p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				7931
				7932	<p>Choose from these visual classes:</p>
				7933
				7934	<pre>
				7935	StaticGray TrueColor
				7936	GrayScale DirectColor
				7937	StaticColor default
				7938	PseudoColor visual id
				7939	</pre>
				7940
				7941	<p>The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
				7942	If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
				7943	simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</p>
				7944
				7945
				7946	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7947	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h3>
				7948	</div>
				7949
				7950	<p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and saturation.</p>
				7951
				7952	<p>Take a grayscale image (with alpha mask) and modify the destination image's
				7953	brightness according to watermark image's grayscale value and the
				7954	<var>brightness</var> percentage. The destinations color saturation
				7955	attribute is just direct modified by the <var>saturation</var>
				7956	percentage, which defaults to 100 percent (no color change). </p>
				7957
				7958
				7959	<div style="margin: auto;">
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7960	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<var>wavelength</var></h3>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7961	</div>
				7962
				7963	<p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
				7964
Cristy	e09ed31	2016-03-06 08:07:39 -0500	[diff] [blame]	7965	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7966	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var>x<var>softness</var></h3>
				7967	</div>
				7968
				7969	<p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshold is the value below which everything is considered noise and ranges from 0.0 (none) to QuantumRange or use percent (e.g. 5%). Softness attenuates the threshold and typically ranges from 0.0 (none) to 1.0. The higher the value the more noise that remains in the image.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	7970
				7971	<div style="margin: auto;">
				7972	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
				7973	</div>
				7974
				7975	<p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
				7976
				7977	<p>This setting suggests a font weight that ImageMagick should try to apply to
				7978	the currently selected font family. Use a positive integer for
				7979	<var>fontWeight</var> or select from the following.</p>
				7980
				7981	<dl class="dl-horizontal">
				7982	<dt>Thin </dt>
				7983	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
				7984	<dt>ExtraLight </dt>
				7985	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
				7986	<dt>Light </dt>
				7987	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
				7988	<dt>Normal </dt>
				7989	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
				7990	<dt>Medium </dt>
				7991	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
				7992	<dt>DemiBold </dt>
				7993	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
				7994	<dt>Bold </dt>
				7995	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
				7996	<dt>ExtraBold </dt>
				7997	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
				7998	<dt>Heavy </dt>
				7999	<dd>Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
				8000	</dl>
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8001	<br/>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8002
				8003	<p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list weight</a>.</p>
				8004
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8005	<p>For other settings that affect fonts, see the options <a
				8006	href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a
				8007	href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8008
				8009	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8010	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
				8011	</div>
				8012
				8013	<p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
				8014
				8015	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8016	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
				8017	</div>
				8018
				8019	<p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixels at or below the threshold unchanged.</p>
				8020
				8021	<p> The threshold value can be given as a percentage or as an absolute integer
				8022	value within [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>] corresponding to the
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8023	desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">‑threshold</a>for more details on thresholds and resulting values. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8024
				8025	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8026	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
				8027	</div>
				8028
				8029	<p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
				8030
				8031	<p><var>id</var> can be a window id or name. Specify <code>root</code>
				8032	to select X's root window as the target window.</p>
				8033
				8034	<p>By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target window. If
				8035	<code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
				8036	image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to <code>X RESOURCES</code>
				8037	for details.</p>
				8038
				8039	<p>The image will not display on the root window if the image has more unique
Cristy	594d277	2015-11-15 10:47:42 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8040	colors than the target window colormap allows. Use <a
				8041	href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8042
				8043	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8044	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
				8045	</div>
				8046
				8047	<p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
				8048
				8049	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8050	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
				8051	</div>
				8052
				8053	<p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
				8054
				8055	<p>The image sequence preceding the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing continues with the same image in its current state if there are additional options. To restore the image to its original state after writing it, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#write">+write</a> <var>filename</var> option.</p>
				8056
				8057	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image compression.</p>
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8058
				8059	<div style="margin: auto;">
				8060	<h3 class="magick-header"><a id="write-mask"></a>-write-mask <var>filename</var></h3>
				8061	</div>
				8062
				8063	<p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
				8064
				8065	<p>This the same as using a mask used for composite masking operations, with
				8066	grayscale values causing blended updates of the image the mask is attached to.
				8067	</p>
				8068
				8069	<p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">+write-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.</p>
				8070
				8071	<p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
				8072	but with strict boolean masking. </p>
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8073	</div>
				8074	</div>
				8075
				8076
Cristy	e93be68	2015-11-26 09:07:51 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8077
Cristy	882d9f4	2015-10-29 16:48:39 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8078	<footer class="magick-footer">
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8079	<p><a href="support.html">Donate</a> •
				8080	<a href="sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> •
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8081	<a href="links.html">Related</a> •
Cristy	e077971	2016-07-30 17:25:22 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8082	<a href="security-policy.html">Security</a> •
cristy	29f2c97	2015-07-28 13:37:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8083	<a href="architecture.html">Architecture</a>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8084	</p>
				8085	<p><a href="command-line-options.html#">Back to top</a> •
cristy	ea2793e	2015-05-31 16:52:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8086	<a href="http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> •
Cristy	6549abb	2016-11-10 08:25:55 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8087	<a href="https://www.imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a></p>
Cristy	fe36f99	2016-12-29 20:24:13 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8088	<p><small>© 1999-2017 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8089	</footer>
				8090	</div><!-- /.container -->
				8091
Cristy	b7f455a	2017-03-03 19:30:34 -0500	[diff] [blame]	8092	<script src="https://localhost/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
Cristy	1f1f3a0	2016-06-01 07:25:42 -0400	[diff] [blame]	8093	<script src="../js/magick.html"></script>
cristy	d243201	2015-05-04 23:15:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8094	</div>
cristy	ad41c0c	2012-10-31 00:49:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8095	</body>
cristy	5a367e4	2015-05-05 12:39:18 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8096	</html>
Cristy	f41bcd1	2017-03-28 05:59:57 -0400	[diff] [blame^]	8097	<!-- Magick Cache 26th March 2017 15:32 -->