client/common_lib/cros/autoupdater.py

# Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

import httplib
import logging
import multiprocessing
import os
import re
import urlparse

from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import error, global_config

# Local stateful update path is relative to the CrOS source directory.
LOCAL_STATEFUL_UPDATE_PATH = 'src/platform/dev/stateful_update'
LOCAL_CHROOT_STATEFUL_UPDATE_PATH = '/usr/bin/stateful_update'
REMOTE_STATEUL_UPDATE_PATH = '/usr/local/bin/stateful_update'
STATEFUL_UPDATE = '/tmp/stateful_update'
UPDATER_BIN = '/usr/bin/update_engine_client'
UPDATER_IDLE = 'UPDATE_STATUS_IDLE'
UPDATER_NEED_REBOOT = 'UPDATE_STATUS_UPDATED_NEED_REBOOT'
UPDATED_MARKER = '/var/run/update_engine_autoupdate_completed'
UPDATER_LOGS = '/var/log/messages /var/log/update_engine'


class ChromiumOSError(error.InstallError):
    """Generic error for ChromiumOS-specific exceptions."""
    pass


class RootFSUpdateError(ChromiumOSError):
    """Raised when the RootFS fails to update."""
    pass


class StatefulUpdateError(ChromiumOSError):
    """Raised when the stateful partition fails to update."""
    pass


def url_to_version(update_url):
    """Return the version based on update_url.

    @param update_url: url to the image to update to.

    """
    # The Chrome OS version is generally the last element in the URL. The only
    # exception is delta update URLs, which are rooted under the version; e.g.,
    # http://.../update/.../0.14.755.0/au/0.14.754.0. In this case we want to
    # strip off the au section of the path before reading the version.
    return re.sub(
        '/au/.*', '', urlparse.urlparse(update_url).path).split('/')[-1]


def url_to_image_name(update_url):
    """Return the image name based on update_url.

    From a URL like:
        http://172.22.50.205:8082/update/lumpy-release/R27-3837.0.0
    return lumpy-release/R27-3837.0.0

    @param update_url: url to the image to update to.
    @returns a string representing the image name in the update_url.

    """
    return '/'.join(urlparse.urlparse(update_url).path.split('/')[-2:])


class ChromiumOSUpdater():
    """Helper class used to update DUT with image of desired version."""
    KERNEL_A = {'name': 'KERN-A', 'kernel': 2, 'root': 3}
    KERNEL_B = {'name': 'KERN-B', 'kernel': 4, 'root': 5}


    def __init__(self, update_url, host=None, local_devserver=False):
        self.host = host
        self.update_url = update_url
        self._update_error_queue = multiprocessing.Queue(2)
        self.local_devserver = local_devserver
        if not local_devserver:
          self.update_version = url_to_version(update_url)
        else:
          self.update_version = None

    def check_update_status(self):
        """Return current status from update-engine."""
        update_status = self._run(
            '%s -status 2>&1 | grep CURRENT_OP' % UPDATER_BIN)
        return update_status.stdout.strip().split('=')[-1]


    def reset_update_engine(self):
        """Restarts the update-engine service."""
        self._run('rm -f %s' % UPDATED_MARKER)
        try:
            self._run('initctl stop update-engine')
        except error.AutoservRunError:
            logging.warn('Stopping update-engine service failed. Already dead?')
        self._run('initctl start update-engine')

        if self.check_update_status() != UPDATER_IDLE:
            raise ChromiumOSError('%s is not in an installable state' %
                                  self.host.hostname)


    def _run(self, cmd, *args, **kwargs):
        """Abbreviated form of self.host.run(...)"""
        return self.host.run(cmd, *args, **kwargs)


    def rootdev(self, options=''):
        """Returns the stripped output of rootdev <options>.

        @param options: options to run rootdev.

        """
        return self._run('rootdev %s' % options).stdout.strip()


    def get_kernel_state(self):
        """Returns the (<active>, <inactive>) kernel state as a pair."""
        active_root = int(re.findall('\d+\Z', self.rootdev('-s'))[0])
        if active_root == self.KERNEL_A['root']:
            return self.KERNEL_A, self.KERNEL_B
        elif active_root == self.KERNEL_B['root']:
            return self.KERNEL_B, self.KERNEL_A
        else:
            raise ChromiumOSError('Encountered unknown root partition: %s' %
                                  active_root)


    def _cgpt(self, flag, kernel, dev='$(rootdev -s -d)'):
        """Return numeric cgpt value for the specified flag, kernel, device. """
        return int(self._run('cgpt show -n -i %d %s %s' % (
            kernel['kernel'], flag, dev)).stdout.strip())


    def get_kernel_priority(self, kernel):
        """Return numeric priority for the specified kernel.

        @param kernel: information of the given kernel, KERNEL_A or KERNEL_B.

        """
        return self._cgpt('-P', kernel)


    def get_kernel_success(self, kernel):
        """Return boolean success flag for the specified kernel.

        @param kernel: information of the given kernel, KERNEL_A or KERNEL_B.

        """
        return self._cgpt('-S', kernel) != 0


    def get_kernel_tries(self, kernel):
        """Return tries count for the specified kernel.

        @param kernel: information of the given kernel, KERNEL_A or KERNEL_B.

        """
        return self._cgpt('-T', kernel)


    def get_stateful_update_script(self):
        """Returns the path to the stateful update script on the target."""
        # We attempt to load the local stateful update path in 3 different
        # ways. First we use the location specified in the autotest global
        # config. If this doesn't exist, we attempt to use the Chromium OS
        # Chroot path to the installed script. If all else fails, we use the
        # stateful update script on the host.
        stateful_update_path = os.path.join(
                global_config.global_config.get_config_value(
                        'CROS', 'source_tree', default=''),
                LOCAL_STATEFUL_UPDATE_PATH)

        if not os.path.exists(stateful_update_path):
            logging.warn('Could not find Chrome OS source location for '
                         'stateful_update script at %s, falling back to chroot '
                         'copy.', stateful_update_path)
            stateful_update_path = LOCAL_CHROOT_STATEFUL_UPDATE_PATH

        if not os.path.exists(stateful_update_path):
            logging.warn('Could not chroot stateful_update script, falling '
                         'back on client copy.')
            statefuldev_script = REMOTE_STATEUL_UPDATE_PATH
        else:
            self.host.send_file(
                    stateful_update_path, STATEFUL_UPDATE, delete_dest=True)
            statefuldev_script = STATEFUL_UPDATE

        return statefuldev_script


    def reset_stateful_partition(self):
        """Clear any pending stateful update request."""
        statefuldev_cmd = [self.get_stateful_update_script()]
        statefuldev_cmd += ['--stateful_change=reset', '2>&1']
        # This shouldn't take any time at all.
        self._run(' '.join(statefuldev_cmd), timeout=10)


    def revert_boot_partition(self):
        """Revert the boot partition."""
        part = self.rootdev('-s')
        logging.warn('Reverting update; Boot partition will be %s', part)
        return self._run('/postinst %s 2>&1' % part)


    def trigger_update(self):
        """Triggers a background update on a test image.

        @raise RootFSUpdateError if anything went wrong.

        """
        autoupdate_cmd = '%s --check_for_update --omaha_url=%s' % (
            UPDATER_BIN, self.update_url)
        logging.info('triggering update via: %s', autoupdate_cmd)
        try:
            # This should return immediately, hence the short timeout.
            self._run(autoupdate_cmd, timeout=10)
        except error.AutoservRunError, e:
            raise RootFSUpdateError('update triggering failed on %s: %s' %
                                    (self.host.hostname, str(e)))


    def _update_root(self):
        logging.info('Updating root partition...')

        # Run update_engine using the specified URL.
        try:
            autoupdate_cmd = '%s --update --omaha_url=%s 2>&1' % (
                UPDATER_BIN, self.update_url)
            self._run(autoupdate_cmd, timeout=900)
        except error.AutoservRunError:
            update_error = RootFSUpdateError('update-engine failed on %s' %
                                             self.host.hostname)
            self._update_error_queue.put(update_error)
            raise update_error

        # Check that the installer completed as expected.
        status = self.check_update_status()
        if status != UPDATER_NEED_REBOOT:
            update_error = RootFSUpdateError('update-engine error on %s: %s' %
                                             (self.host.hostname, status))
            self._update_error_queue.put(update_error)
            raise update_error


    def _update_stateful(self):
        logging.info('Updating stateful partition...')
        # For production devservers we create a static tree of payloads rooted
        # at archive.
        if not self.local_devserver:
          statefuldev_url = self.update_url.replace('update',
                                                    'static/archive')
        else:
          statefuldev_url = self.update_url.replace('update',
                                                    'static')

        # Attempt stateful partition update; this must succeed so that the newly
        # installed host is testable after update.
        statefuldev_cmd = [self.get_stateful_update_script()]
        statefuldev_cmd += [statefuldev_url, '--stateful_change=clean', '2>&1']
        try:
            self._run(' '.join(statefuldev_cmd), timeout=600)
        except error.AutoservRunError:
            update_error = StatefulUpdateError('stateful_update failed on %s' %
                                               self.host.hostname)
            self._update_error_queue.put(update_error)
            raise update_error


    def run_update(self, force_update, update_root=True):
        """Update the DUT with image of specific version.

        @param force_update: True to update DUT even if it's running the same
            version already.
        @param update_root: True to force a kernel update. If it's False and
            force_update is True, stateful update will be used to clean up
            the DUT.

        """
        booted_version = self.get_build_id()
        if (self.check_version() and not force_update):
            logging.info('System is already up to date. Skipping update.')
            return False

        if self.update_version:
            logging.info('Updating from version %s to %s.',
                         booted_version, self.update_version)

        # Check that Dev Server is accepting connections (from autoserv's host).
        # If we can't talk to it, the machine host probably can't either.
        auserver_host = urlparse.urlparse(self.update_url)[1]
        try:
            httplib.HTTPConnection(auserver_host).connect()
        except IOError:
            raise ChromiumOSError(
                'Update server at %s not available' % auserver_host)

        logging.info('Installing from %s to %s', self.update_url,
                     self.host.hostname)

        # Reset update state.
        self.reset_update_engine()
        self.reset_stateful_partition()

        try:
            updaters = [
                multiprocessing.process.Process(target=self._update_root),
                multiprocessing.process.Process(target=self._update_stateful)
                ]
            if not update_root:
                logging.info('Root update is skipped.')
                updaters = updaters[1:]

            # Run the updaters in parallel.
            for updater in updaters: updater.start()
            for updater in updaters: updater.join()

            # Re-raise the first error that occurred.
            if not self._update_error_queue.empty():
                update_error = self._update_error_queue.get()
                self.revert_boot_partition()
                self.reset_stateful_partition()
                raise update_error

            logging.info('Update complete.')
            return True
        except:
            # Collect update engine logs in the event of failure.
            if self.host.job:
                logging.info('Collecting update engine logs...')
                self.host.get_file(
                    UPDATER_LOGS, self.host.job.sysinfo.sysinfodir,
                    preserve_perm=False)
            raise


    def check_version(self):
        """Check the image running in DUT has the desired version.

        @returns: True if the DUT's image version matches the version that
            the autoupdater tries to update to.

        """
        booted_version = self.get_build_id()
        return (self.update_version and
                self.update_version.endswith(booted_version))


    def check_version_to_confirm_install(self):
        """Check image running in DUT has the desired version to be installed.

        The method should not be used to check if DUT needs to have a full
        reimage. Only use it to confirm a image is installed.

        The method is designed to verify version for following 4 scenarios with
        samples of version to update to and expected booted version:
        1. trybot paladin build.
        update version: trybot-lumpy-paladin/R27-3837.0.0-b123
        booted version: 3837.0.2013_03_21_1340

        2. trybot release build.
        update version: trybot-lumpy-release/R27-3837.0.0-b456
        booted version: 3837.0.0

        3. buildbot official release build.
        update version: lumpy-release/R27-3837.0.0
        booted version: 3837.0.0

        4. non-official paladin rc build.
        update version: lumpy-paladin/R27-3878.0.0-rc7
        booted version: 3837.0.0-rc7

        5. chrome-perf build.
        update version: lumpy-chrome-perf/R28-3837.0.0-b2996
        booted version: 3837.0.0

        When we are checking if a DUT needs to do a full install, we should NOT
        use this method to check if the DUT is running the same version, since
        it may return false positive for a DUT running trybot paladin build to
        be updated to another trybot paladin build.

        TODO: This logic has a bug if a trybot paladin build failed to be
        installed in a DUT running an older trybot paladin build with same
        platform number, but different build number (-b###). So to conclusively
        determine if a tryjob paladin build is imaged successfully, we may need
        to find out the date string from update url.

        @returns: True if the DUT's image version (without the date string if
            the image is a trybot build), matches the version that the
            autoupdater is trying to update to.

        """
        # Always try the default check_version method first, this prevents
        # any backward compatibility issue.
        if self.check_version():
            return True

        if not self.update_version:
            return False

        # Remove R#- and -b# at the end of build version
        stripped_version = re.sub(r'(R\d+-|-b\d+)', '', self.update_version)

        booted_version = self.get_build_id()

        is_trybot_paladin_build = re.match(r'.+trybot-.+-paladin',
                                           self.update_url)

        # Replace date string with 0 in booted_version
        booted_version_no_date = re.sub(r'\d{4}_\d{2}_\d{2}_\d+', '0',
                                        booted_version)
        has_date_string = booted_version != booted_version_no_date

        if is_trybot_paladin_build:
            if not has_date_string:
                logging.error('A trybot paladin build is expected. Version ' +
                              '"%s" is not a paladin build.', booted_version)
                return False
            return stripped_version == booted_version_no_date
        else:
            if has_date_string:
                logging.error('Unexpected date found in a non trybot paladin' +
                              ' build.')
                return False
            # Versioned build, i.e., rc or release build.
            return stripped_version == booted_version


    def get_build_id(self):
        """Pulls the CHROMEOS_RELEASE_VERSION string from /etc/lsb-release."""
        return self._run('grep CHROMEOS_RELEASE_VERSION'
                         ' /etc/lsb-release').stdout.split('=')[1].strip()