all: remove non-fatal UTF-8 validation errors (and non-fatal in general)

Immediately abort (un)marshal operations when encountering invalid UTF-8
data in proto3 strings. No other proto implementation supports non-UTF-8
data in proto3 strings (and many reject it in proto2 strings as well).
Producing invalid output is an interoperability threat (other
implementations won't be able to read it).

The case where existing string data is found to contain non-UTF8 data is
better handled by changing the field to the `bytes` type, which (aside
from UTF-8 validation) is wire-compatible with `string`.

Remove the errors.NonFatal type, since there are no remaining cases
where it is needed. "Non-fatal" errors which produce results and a
non-nil error are problematic because they compose poorly; the better
approach is to take an option like AllowPartial indicating which
conditions to check for.

Change-Id: I9d189ec6ffda7b5d96d094aa1b290af2e3f23736
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/protobuf/+/183098
Reviewed-by: Joe Tsai <thebrokentoaster@gmail.com>
diff --git a/encoding/prototext/encode.go b/encoding/prototext/encode.go
index f3aba56..4d73041 100644
--- a/encoding/prototext/encode.go
+++ b/encoding/prototext/encode.go
@@ -53,38 +53,35 @@
 		o.Resolver = protoregistry.GlobalTypes
 	}
 
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	v, err := o.marshalMessage(m.ProtoReflect())
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	delims := [2]byte{'{', '}'}
 	const outputASCII = false
 	b, err := text.Marshal(v, o.Indent, delims, outputASCII)
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if !o.AllowPartial {
-		nerr.Merge(proto.IsInitialized(m))
+	if o.AllowPartial {
+		return b, nil
 	}
-	return b, nerr.E
+	return b, proto.IsInitialized(m)
 }
 
 // marshalMessage converts a protoreflect.Message to a text.Value.
 func (o MarshalOptions) marshalMessage(m pref.Message) (text.Value, error) {
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	var msgFields [][2]text.Value
 	messageDesc := m.Descriptor()
 
 	// Handle Any expansion.
 	if messageDesc.FullName() == "google.protobuf.Any" {
-		msg, err := o.marshalAny(m)
-		if err == nil || nerr.Merge(err) {
-			// Return as is for nil or non-fatal error.
-			return msg, nerr.E
+		if msg, err := o.marshalAny(m); err == nil {
+			// Return as is if no error.
+			return msg, nil
 		}
-		// For other errors, continue on to marshal Any as a regular message.
+		// Otherwise continue on to marshal Any as a regular message.
 	}
 
 	// Handle known fields.
@@ -104,7 +101,7 @@
 		pval := m.Get(fd)
 		var err error
 		msgFields, err = o.appendField(msgFields, name, pval, fd)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return text.Value{}, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -112,7 +109,7 @@
 	// Handle extensions.
 	var err error
 	msgFields, err = o.appendExtensions(msgFields, m)
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return text.Value{}, err
 	}
 
@@ -120,17 +117,15 @@
 	// TODO: Provide option to exclude or include unknown fields.
 	msgFields = appendUnknown(msgFields, m.GetUnknown())
 
-	return text.ValueOf(msgFields), nerr.E
+	return text.ValueOf(msgFields), nil
 }
 
 // appendField marshals a protoreflect.Value and appends it to the given [][2]text.Value.
 func (o MarshalOptions) appendField(msgFields [][2]text.Value, name text.Value, pval pref.Value, fd pref.FieldDescriptor) ([][2]text.Value, error) {
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
-
 	switch {
 	case fd.IsList():
 		items, err := o.marshalList(pval.List(), fd)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return msgFields, err
 		}
 
@@ -139,7 +134,7 @@
 		}
 	case fd.IsMap():
 		items, err := o.marshalMap(pval.Map(), fd)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return msgFields, err
 		}
 
@@ -148,13 +143,13 @@
 		}
 	default:
 		tval, err := o.marshalSingular(pval, fd)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return msgFields, err
 		}
 		msgFields = append(msgFields, [2]text.Value{name, tval})
 	}
 
-	return msgFields, nerr.E
+	return msgFields, nil
 }
 
 // marshalSingular converts a non-repeated field value to text.Value.
@@ -173,12 +168,10 @@
 
 	case pref.StringKind:
 		s := val.String()
-		if utf8.ValidString(s) {
-			return text.ValueOf(s), nil
+		if !utf8.ValidString(s) {
+			return text.Value{}, errors.InvalidUTF8(string(fd.FullName()))
 		}
-		var nerr errors.NonFatal
-		nerr.AppendInvalidUTF8(string(fd.FullName()))
-		return text.ValueOf(s), nerr.E
+		return text.ValueOf(s), nil
 
 	case pref.EnumKind:
 		num := val.Enum()
@@ -197,21 +190,20 @@
 
 // marshalList converts a protoreflect.List to []text.Value.
 func (o MarshalOptions) marshalList(list pref.List, fd pref.FieldDescriptor) ([]text.Value, error) {
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	size := list.Len()
 	values := make([]text.Value, 0, size)
 
 	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
 		item := list.Get(i)
 		val, err := o.marshalSingular(item, fd)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			// Return already marshaled values.
 			return values, err
 		}
 		values = append(values, val)
 	}
 
-	return values, nerr.E
+	return values, nil
 }
 
 var (
@@ -221,7 +213,6 @@
 
 // marshalMap converts a protoreflect.Map to []text.Value.
 func (o MarshalOptions) marshalMap(mmap pref.Map, fd pref.FieldDescriptor) ([]text.Value, error) {
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	// values is a list of messages.
 	values := make([]text.Value, 0, mmap.Len())
 
@@ -229,12 +220,12 @@
 	mapsort.Range(mmap, fd.MapKey().Kind(), func(key pref.MapKey, val pref.Value) bool {
 		var keyTxtVal text.Value
 		keyTxtVal, err = o.marshalSingular(key.Value(), fd.MapKey())
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
 		var valTxtVal text.Value
 		valTxtVal, err = o.marshalSingular(val, fd.MapValue())
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
 		// Map entry (message) contains 2 fields, first field for key and second field for value.
@@ -250,12 +241,11 @@
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return values, nerr.E
+	return values, nil
 }
 
 // appendExtensions marshals extension fields and appends them to the given [][2]text.Value.
 func (o MarshalOptions) appendExtensions(msgFields [][2]text.Value, m pref.Message) ([][2]text.Value, error) {
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	var err error
 	var entries [][2]text.Value
 	m.Range(func(fd pref.FieldDescriptor, v pref.Value) bool {
@@ -273,7 +263,7 @@
 		// Use string type to produce [name] format.
 		tname := text.ValueOf(string(name))
 		entries, err = o.appendField(entries, tname, v, xt)
-		if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
 		err = nil
@@ -287,7 +277,7 @@
 	sort.SliceStable(entries, func(i, j int) bool {
 		return entries[i][0].String() < entries[j][0].String()
 	})
-	return append(msgFields, entries...), nerr.E
+	return append(msgFields, entries...), nil
 }
 
 // isMessageSetExtension reports whether extension extends a message set.
@@ -348,9 +338,8 @@
 	typeURL := m.Get(fdType).String()
 	value := m.Get(fdValue)
 
-	var nerr errors.NonFatal
 	emt, err := o.Resolver.FindMessageByURL(typeURL)
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return text.Value{}, err
 	}
 	em := emt.New().Interface()
@@ -358,12 +347,12 @@
 		AllowPartial: true,
 		Resolver:     o.Resolver,
 	}.Unmarshal(value.Bytes(), em)
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return text.Value{}, err
 	}
 
 	msg, err := o.marshalMessage(em.ProtoReflect())
-	if !nerr.Merge(err) {
+	if err != nil {
 		return text.Value{}, err
 	}
 	// Expanded Any field value contains only a single field with the type_url field value as the
@@ -374,5 +363,5 @@
 			msg,
 		},
 	}
-	return text.ValueOf(msgFields), nerr.E
+	return text.ValueOf(msgFields), nil
 }