all: make handling of zero-value composites more consistent

We occasionally need to work with immutable, empty lists, maps, and
messages. Notably, Message.Get on an empty repeated field will return a
"frozen" empty value.

Move handling of these immutable, zero-length composites into Converter,
to unify the behavior of regular and extension fields.

Add a Zero method to Converter, MessageType, and ExtensionType, to
provide a consistent way to get an empty, frozen value of a composite
type. Adding this method to the public {Message,Extension}Type
interfaces does increase our API surface, but lets us (for example)
cleanly represent an empty map as a nil map rather than a non-nil
one wrapped in a frozenMap type.

Drop the frozen{List,Map,Message} types as no longer necessary.
(These types did have support for creating a read-only view of a
non-empty value, but we are not currently using that feature.)

Change-Id: Ia76f149d591da07b40ce75b7404a7ab8a60cb9d8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/protobuf/+/189339
Reviewed-by: Joe Tsai <thebrokentoaster@gmail.com>
diff --git a/internal/impl/message_reflect.go b/internal/impl/message_reflect.go
index 46ada8f..699ac2c 100644
--- a/internal/impl/message_reflect.go
+++ b/internal/impl/message_reflect.go
@@ -142,10 +142,7 @@
 			return xt.ValueOf(x.GetValue())
 		}
 	}
-	if !isComposite(xt) {
-		return defaultValueOf(xt)
-	}
-	return frozenValueOf(xt.New())
+	return xt.Zero()
 }
 func (m *extensionMap) Set(xt pref.ExtensionType, v pref.Value) {
 	if *m == nil {