internal/impl: initial commit

This provides an implementation of the has, get, set, clear methods for each
field in a message. The approach taken here is similar to the table-driven
implementation in the current v1 proto package.

The pointer_reflect.go and pointer_unsafe.go files are a simplified version of
the same files in the v1 implementation. They provide a pointer abstraction
that enables a high-efficiency approach in a non-purego environment.
The unsafe fast-path is not implemented in this commit.

This commit only implements the accessor methods for scalars using pure
Go reflection.

Change-Id: Icdf707e9d4e3385e55434f93b30a341a7680ae11
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/135136
Reviewed-by: Damien Neil <dneil@google.com>
diff --git a/internal/impl/pointer_reflect.go b/internal/impl/pointer_reflect.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b6bbf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/impl/pointer_reflect.go
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// +build purego
+
+package impl
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+)
+
+// offset represents the offset to a struct field, accessible from a pointer.
+// The offset is the field index into a struct.
+type offset []int
+
+// offsetOf returns a field offset for the struct field.
+func offsetOf(f reflect.StructField) offset {
+	if len(f.Index) != 1 {
+		panic("embedded structs are not supported")
+	}
+	return f.Index
+}
+
+// pointer is an abstract representation of a pointer to a struct or field.
+type pointer struct{ v reflect.Value }
+
+// pointerOfValue returns v as a pointer.
+func pointerOfValue(v reflect.Value) pointer {
+	return pointer{v: v}
+}
+
+// apply adds an offset to the pointer to derive a new pointer
+// to a specified field. The current pointer must be pointing at a struct.
+func (p pointer) apply(f offset) pointer {
+	// TODO: Handle unexported fields in an API that hides XXX fields?
+	return pointer{v: p.v.Elem().FieldByIndex(f).Addr()}
+}
+
+// asType treats p as a pointer to an object of type t and returns the value.
+func (p pointer) asType(t reflect.Type) reflect.Value {
+	if p.v.Type().Elem() != t {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid type: got %v, want %v", p.v.Type(), t))
+	}
+	return p.v
+}