Client configuration libary - headers & docs

Initial sketch of a client configuration library. It's expected this
will subsume the client_setup functionality that we currently have, and
begin providing customizable load balancing support.

Releasing the headers now (no implementation work has been done) so that
we can bat around thoughts on this and make sure all the use cases are
implementable, and our primary use cases are easily so.
diff --git a/src/core/client_config/configured_subchannel_factory.h b/src/core/client_config/configured_subchannel_factory.h
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+++ b/src/core/client_config/configured_subchannel_factory.h
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+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+ * met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+ * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CLIENT_CONFIG_CONFIGURED_SUBCHANNEL_FACTORY_H
+#define GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CLIENT_CONFIG_CONFIGURED_SUBCHANNEL_FACTORY_H
+
+typedef struct grpc_configured_subchannel_factory
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_factory;
+typedef struct grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_vtable
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_vtable;
+
+/** Constructor for new configured channels.
+    Creating decorators around this type is encouraged to adapt behavior. */
+struct grpc_configured_subchannel_factory {
+  const grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_vtable *vtable;
+};
+
+struct grpc_configured_subchannel_args {
+  /* TODO(ctiller): consider making (parent, metadata_context) more opaque
+     - these details are not needed at this level of API */
+  /** Parent channel element - passed from the master channel */
+  grpc_channel_element *parent;
+  /** Metadata context for this channel - passed from the master channel */
+  grpc_mdctx *metadata_context;
+  /** Channel filters for this channel - wrapped factories will likely
+      want to mutate this */
+  const grpc_channel_filter **filters;
+  /** The number of filters in the above array */
+  size_t filter_count;
+  /** Channel arguments to be supplied to the newly created channel */
+  const grpc_channel_args *args;
+
+  struct sockaddr *addr;
+};
+
+struct grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_vtable {
+  void (*ref)(grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory);
+  void (*unref)(grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory);
+  grpc_configured_subchannel *(*create_subchannel)(
+      grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory,
+      grpc_configured_subchannel_args *args);
+};
+
+void grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_ref(
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory);
+void grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_unref(
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory);
+/** Create a new grpc_configured_subchannel */
+void grpc_configured_subchannel_factory_create_subchannel(
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *factory,
+    grpc_configured_subchannel_args *args);
+
+grpc_configured_subchannel_factory *
+grpc_default_configured_subchannel_factory();
+
+#endif /* GRPC_INTERNAL_CORE_CLIENT_CONFIG_CONFIGURED_SUBCHANNEL_FACTORY_H */