diff --git a/include/deque b/include/deque
index 0454162..9280154 100644
--- a/include/deque
+++ b/include/deque
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@
     void push_front(value_type&& v);
     void push_back(const value_type& v);
     void push_back(value_type&& v);
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace_front(Args&&... args);
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace_front(Args&&... args);  // reference in C++17
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);   // reference in C++17
     template <class... Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator p, Args&&... args);
     iterator insert(const_iterator p, const value_type& v);
     iterator insert(const_iterator p, value_type&& v);
@@ -1342,8 +1342,13 @@
     void push_back(const value_type& __v);
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     template <class... _Args> reference emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
-    template <class... _Args> reference emplace_back(_Args&&... __args);
+    template <class... _Args> reference emplace_back (_Args&&... __args);
+#else
+    template <class... _Args> void      emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
+    template <class... _Args> void      emplace_back (_Args&&... __args);
+#endif
     template <class... _Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator __p, _Args&&... __args);
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
     void push_front(value_type&& __v);
@@ -1822,7 +1827,11 @@
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Allocator>
 template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename deque<_Tp, _Allocator>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 deque<_Tp, _Allocator>::emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     allocator_type& __a = __base::__alloc();
@@ -1832,7 +1841,9 @@
     __alloc_traits::construct(__a, _VSTD::addressof(*__base::end()),
                               _VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
     ++__base::size();
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return *--__base::end();
+#endif
 }
 
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
@@ -1870,7 +1881,11 @@
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Allocator>
 template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename deque<_Tp, _Allocator>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 deque<_Tp, _Allocator>::emplace_front(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     allocator_type& __a = __base::__alloc();
@@ -1880,7 +1895,9 @@
     __alloc_traits::construct(__a, _VSTD::addressof(*--__base::begin()), _VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
     --__base::__start_;
     ++__base::size();
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return *__base::begin();
+#endif
 }
 
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
diff --git a/include/forward_list b/include/forward_list
index ce9a4b1..879f2d3c 100644
--- a/include/forward_list
+++ b/include/forward_list
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
     reference       front();
     const_reference front() const;
 
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace_front(Args&&... args);
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace_front(Args&&... args);  // reference in C++17
     void push_front(const value_type& v);
     void push_front(value_type&& v);
 
@@ -747,7 +747,11 @@
 
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     template <class... _Args> reference emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
+#else
+    template <class... _Args> void      emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
+#endif
 #endif
     void push_front(value_type&& __v);
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
@@ -1103,7 +1107,11 @@
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Alloc>
 template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename forward_list<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 forward_list<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_front(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     __node_allocator& __a = base::__alloc();
@@ -1113,7 +1121,9 @@
                                   _VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
     __h->__next_ = base::__before_begin()->__next_;
     base::__before_begin()->__next_ = __h.release();
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return base::__before_begin()->__next_->__value_;
+#endif
 }
 
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
diff --git a/include/list b/include/list
index 76c50a1..fa148db 100644
--- a/include/list
+++ b/include/list
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@
     size_type max_size() const noexcept;
 
     template <class... Args>
-        reference emplace_front(Args&&... args);
+        reference emplace_front(Args&&... args); // reference in C++17
     void pop_front();
     template <class... Args>
-        reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);
+        reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);  // reference in C++17
     void pop_back();
     void push_front(const value_type& x);
     void push_front(value_type&& x);
@@ -969,9 +969,17 @@
     void push_back(value_type&& __x);
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
     template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
        reference emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
+#else
+       void      emplace_front(_Args&&... __args);
+#endif
     template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
         reference emplace_back(_Args&&... __args);
+#else
+       void       emplace_back(_Args&&... __args);
+#endif
     template <class... _Args>
         iterator emplace(const_iterator __p, _Args&&... __args);
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
@@ -1600,7 +1608,11 @@
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Alloc>
 template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename list<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 list<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_front(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     __node_allocator& __na = base::__node_alloc();
@@ -1609,12 +1621,20 @@
     __node_alloc_traits::construct(__na, _VSTD::addressof(__hold->__value_), _VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
     __link_nodes_at_front(__hold.get()->__as_link(), __hold.get()->__as_link());
     ++base::__sz();
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return __hold.release()->__value_;
+#else
+    __hold.release();
+#endif
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Alloc>
 template <class... _Args>
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename list<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 list<_Tp, _Alloc>::emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     __node_allocator& __na = base::__node_alloc();
@@ -1624,7 +1644,11 @@
     __link_pointer __nl = __hold->__as_link();
     __link_nodes_at_back(__nl, __nl);
     ++base::__sz();
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return __hold.release()->__value_;
+#else
+    __hold.release();
+#endif
 }
 
 template <class _Tp, class _Alloc>
diff --git a/include/queue b/include/queue
index 271c203..57d420c 100644
--- a/include/queue
+++ b/include/queue
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
 
     void push(const value_type& v);
     void push(value_type&& v);
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace(Args&&... args);
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace(Args&&... args); // reference in C++17
     void pop();
 
     void swap(queue& q) noexcept(is_nothrow_swappable_v<Container>)
@@ -292,8 +292,13 @@
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
     template <class... _Args>
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
         reference emplace(_Args&&... __args)
             { return c.emplace_back(_VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);}
+#else
+        void     emplace(_Args&&... __args)
+            {        c.emplace_back(_VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);}
+#endif
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
     _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
diff --git a/include/stack b/include/stack
index 228864e..c797ea5 100644
--- a/include/stack
+++ b/include/stack
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 
     void push(const value_type& x);
     void push(value_type&& x);
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace(Args&&... args);
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace(Args&&... args); // reference in C++17
     void pop();
 
     void swap(stack& c) noexcept(is_nothrow_swappable_v<Container>)
@@ -199,8 +199,13 @@
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
     template <class... _Args>
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
         reference emplace(_Args&&... __args)
         { return c.emplace_back(_VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);}
+#else
+        void      emplace(_Args&&... __args)
+        {        c.emplace_back(_VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);}
+#endif
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
     _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
diff --git a/include/vector b/include/vector
index 4dd0e52..ded057b 100644
--- a/include/vector
+++ b/include/vector
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
     void push_back(const value_type& x);
     void push_back(value_type&& x);
     template <class... Args>
-        reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);
+        reference emplace_back(Args&&... args); // reference in C++17
     void pop_back();
 
     template <class... Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator position, Args&&... args);
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
     const_reference back() const;
 
     void push_back(const value_type& x);
-    template <class... Args> reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);  // C++14
+    template <class... Args> reference emplace_back(Args&&... args);  // C++14; reference in C++17
     void pop_back();
 
     template <class... Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator position, Args&&... args);  // C++14
@@ -679,7 +679,11 @@
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
     template <class... _Args>
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
         reference emplace_back(_Args&&... __args);
+#else
+        void      emplace_back(_Args&&... __args);
+#endif
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_RVALUE_REFERENCES
     _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
@@ -1625,7 +1629,11 @@
 template <class _Tp, class _Allocator>
 template <class... _Args>
 inline
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
 typename vector<_Tp, _Allocator>::reference
+#else
+void
+#endif
 vector<_Tp, _Allocator>::emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
 {
     if (this->__end_ < this->__end_cap())
@@ -1639,7 +1647,9 @@
     }
     else
         __emplace_back_slow_path(_VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
     return this->back();
+#endif
 }
 
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
@@ -2336,9 +2346,16 @@
     void push_back(const value_type& __x);
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 11
     template <class... _Args>
-    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY reference emplace_back(_Args&&... __args) {
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
+    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY reference emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
+#else
+    _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void      emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
+#endif
+    {
         push_back ( value_type ( _VSTD::forward<_Args>(__args)... ));
+#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 14
         return this->back();
+#endif
     }
 #endif