Fix cast-align warnings

- Suppress warnings in xmlmemory.c by casting to 'void *'.
- Remove unneeded cast in xmlschemas.c that caused a macro precedence
  error.
- Add dummy fields to short structs in xmlschemas.c. This increases the
  size of the structs, but I can't see a better solution without using
  C11's _Alignof operator.

There are still a couple of cast-align warnings in encoding.c. These
are legitimate portability issues that can't be fixed without reworking
the conversion functions.
diff --git a/xmlmemory.c b/xmlmemory.c
index 58de2ed..6400395 100644
--- a/xmlmemory.c
+++ b/xmlmemory.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 
 #define MAX_SIZE_T ((size_t)-1)
 
-#define CLIENT_2_HDR(a) ((MEMHDR *) (((char *) (a)) - RESERVE_SIZE))
+#define CLIENT_2_HDR(a) ((void *) (((char *) (a)) - RESERVE_SIZE))
 #define HDR_2_CLIENT(a)    ((void *) (((char *) (a)) + RESERVE_SIZE))