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Daniel Veillard	09ab7e1	2001-07-10 15:49:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
				2	"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3	<html>
				4	<head>
Daniel Veillard	ec78c0f	2000-08-25 10:25:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	5	<title>The XML C library for Gnome</title>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	6	<meta name="GENERATOR" content="amaya 5.1">
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	7	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	8	</head>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	9
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	10	<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
Daniel Veillard	ec78c0f	2000-08-25 10:25:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	11	<h1 align="center">The XML C library for Gnome</h1>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	12
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	13	<h1>Note: this is the flat content of the <a href="index.html">web
				14	site</a></h1>
				15
Daniel Veillard	c948420	2001-10-24 12:35:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	16	<h1 style="text-align: center">libxml, a.k.a. gnome-xml</h1>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	17
				18	<p></p>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	19
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	20	<p>Libxml is the XML C library developed for the Gnome project. XML itself
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	21	is a metalanguage to design markup languages, i.e. text language where
				22	semantic and structure are added to the content using extra "markup"
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	23	information enclosed between angle brackets. HTML is the most well-known
Daniel Veillard	1eb2424	2002-03-18 11:33:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	24	markup language. Though the library is written in C <a href="python.html">a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	25	variety of language bindings</a> make it available in other environments.</p>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	26
				27	<p>Libxml2 implements a number of existing standards related to markup
				28	languages:</p>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	29	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	30	<li>the XML standard: <a
				31	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml</a></li>
				32	<li>Namespaces in XML: <a
				33	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/</a></li>
				34	<li>XML Base: <a
				35	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	36	<li><a href="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC 2396</a> :
				37	Uniform Resource Identifiers <a
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	38	href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt</a></li>
				39	<li>XML Path Language (XPath) 1.0: <a
				40	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath</a></li>
				41	<li>HTML4 parser: <a
				42	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/">http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/</a></li>
				43	<li>most of XML Pointer Language (XPointer) Version 1.0: <a
				44	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xptr">http://www.w3.org/TR/xptr</a></li>
				45	<li>XML Inclusions (XInclude) Version 1.0: <a
				46	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xinclude/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xinclude/</a></li>
				47	<li>[ISO-8859-1], <a
				48	href="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/rfc/rfc2044.txt">rfc2044</a> [UTF-8]
				49	and <a href="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/rfc/rfc2781.txt">rfc2781</a>
				50	[UTF-16] core encodings</li>
				51	<li>part of SGML Open Technical Resolution TR9401:1997</li>
				52	<li>XML Catalogs Working Draft 06 August 2001: <a
				53	href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/spec-2001-08-06.html">http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/spec-2001-08-06.html</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	5c39654	2002-03-15 07:57:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	54	<li>Canonical XML Version 1.0: <a
				55	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n">http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n</a>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	56	and the Exclusive XML Canonicalization CR draft <a
				57	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-exc-c14n">http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-exc-c14n</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	9698445	2000-08-31 13:50:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	58	</ul>
				59
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	60	<p>In most cases libxml tries to implement the specifications in a relatively
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	61	strictly compliant way. As of release 2.4.16, libxml2 passes all 1800+ tests
				62	from the <a
Daniel Veillard	a539356	2002-02-20 11:40:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	63	href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/xml-conformance/">OASIS XML Tests
				64	Suite</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	5b16f58	2002-02-20 11:38:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	65
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	66	<p>To some extent libxml2 provides support for the following additional
				67	specifications but doesn't claim to implement them completely:</p>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	68	<ul>
				69	<li>Document Object Model (DOM) <a
				70	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/">http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/</a>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	71	it doesn't implement the API itself, gdome2 does this on top of
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	72	libxml2</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	73	<li><a href="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/rfc/rfc959.txt">RFC 959</a> :
				74	libxml implements a basic FTP client code</li>
				75	<li><a href="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/rfc/rfc1945.txt">RFC 1945</a> :
				76	HTTP/1.0, again a basic HTTP client code</li>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	77	<li>SAX: a minimal SAX implementation compatible with early expat
				78	versions</li>
				79	<li>DocBook SGML v4: libxml2 includes a hackish parser to transition to
				80	XML</li>
				81	</ul>
				82
Daniel Veillard	e6d8e20	2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	83	<p>XML Schemas is being worked on but it would be far too early to make any
				84	conformance statement about it at the moment.</p>
				85
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	86	<p>Libxml2 is known to be very portable, the library should build and work
				87	without serious troubles on a variety of systems (Linux, Unix, Windows,
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	88	CygWin, MacOS, MacOS X, RISC Os, OS/2, VMS, QNX, MVS, ...)</p>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	89
Daniel Veillard	9698445	2000-08-31 13:50:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	90	<p>Separate documents:</p>
				91	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	92	<li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT/">the libxslt page</a> providing an
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	93	implementation of XSLT 1.0 and common extensions like EXSLT for
				94	libxml2</li>
Daniel Veillard	c6271d2	2001-10-27 07:50:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	95	<li><a href="http://www.cs.unibo.it/~casarini/gdome2/">the gdome2 page</a>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	96	: a standard DOM2 implementation for libxml2</li>
				97	<li><a href="http://www.aleksey.com/xmlsec/">the XMLSec page</a>: an
				98	implementation of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmldsig-core/">W3C XML
				99	Digital Signature</a> for libxml2</li>
Daniel Veillard	e6d8e20	2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	100	<li>also check the related links section below for more related and active
				101	projects.</li>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	102	</ul>
				103
Daniel Veillard	e166254	2002-08-28 11:50:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	104	<p>Logo designed by <a href="mailto:liyanage@access.ch">Marc Liyanage</a>.</p>
				105
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	106	<h2><a name="Introducti">Introduction</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	107
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	108	<p>This document describes libxml, the <a
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	109	href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">XML</a> C library developed for the <a
Daniel Veillard	ec78c0f	2000-08-25 10:25:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	110	href="http://www.gnome.org/">Gnome</a> project. <a
				111	href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">XML is a standard</a> for building tag-based
				112	structured documents/data.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	113
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	114	<p>Here are some key points about libxml:</p>
				115	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	116	<li>Libxml exports Push (progressive) and Pull (blocking) type parser
				117	interfaces for both XML and HTML.</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	118	<li>Libxml can do DTD validation at parse time, using a parsed document
				119	instance, or with an arbitrary DTD.</li>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	120	<li>Libxml includes complete <a
Daniel Veillard	8c2ecaf	2001-07-10 17:53:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	121	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">XPath</a>, <a
				122	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xptr">XPointer</a> and <a
				123	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xinclude">XInclude</a> implementations.</li>
Daniel Veillard	ec78c0f	2000-08-25 10:25:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	124	<li>It is written in plain C, making as few assumptions as possible, and
Daniel Veillard	189446d	2000-10-13 10:23:06 +0000	[diff] [blame]	125	sticking closely to ANSI C/POSIX for easy embedding. Works on
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	126	Linux/Unix/Windows, ported to a number of other platforms.</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	127	<li>Basic support for HTTP and FTP client allowing applications to fetch
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	128	remote resources.</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	129	<li>The design is modular, most of the extensions can be compiled out.</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	130	<li>The internal document representation is as close as possible to the <a
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	131	href="http://www.w3.org/DOM/">DOM</a> interfaces.</li>
				132	<li>Libxml also has a <a href="http://www.megginson.com/SAX/index.html">SAX
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	133	like interface</a>; the interface is designed to be compatible with <a
				134	href="http://www.jclark.com/xml/expat.html">Expat</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	c575b99	2002-02-08 13:28:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	135	<li>This library is released under the <a
				136	href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	137	License</a>. See the Copyright file in the distribution for the precise
Daniel Veillard	c575b99	2002-02-08 13:28:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	138	wording.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	139	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	140
Daniel Veillard	e0c1d72	2001-03-21 10:28:36 +0000	[diff] [blame]	141	<p>Warning: unless you are forced to because your application links with a
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	142	Gnome-1.X library requiring it, <strong><span
Daniel Veillard	e0c1d72	2001-03-21 10:28:36 +0000	[diff] [blame]	143	style="background-color: #FF0000">Do Not Use libxml1</span></strong>, use
				144	libxml2</p>
				145
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	146	<h2><a name="FAQ">FAQ</a></h2>
				147
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	148	<p>Table of Contents:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	149	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	150	<li><a href="FAQ.html#License">License(s)</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	151	<li><a href="FAQ.html#Installati">Installation</a></li>
				152	<li><a href="FAQ.html#Compilatio">Compilation</a></li>
				153	<li><a href="FAQ.html#Developer">Developer corner</a></li>
				154	</ul>
				155
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	156	<h3><a name="License">License</a>(s)</h3>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	157	<ol>
				158	<li><em>Licensing Terms for libxml</em>
Daniel Veillard	c575b99	2002-02-08 13:28:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	159	<p>libxml is released under the <a
				160	href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	161	License</a>; see the file Copyright in the distribution for the precise
Daniel Veillard	c575b99	2002-02-08 13:28:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	162	wording</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	163	</li>
				164	<li><em>Can I embed libxml in a proprietary application ?</em>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	165	<p>Yes. The MIT License allows you to keep proprietary the changes you
				166	made to libxml, but it would be graceful to send-back bug fixes and
				167	improvements as patches for possible incorporation in the main
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	168	development tree.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	169	</li>
				170	</ol>
				171
				172	<h3><a name="Installati">Installation</a></h3>
				173	<ol>
				174	<li>Unless you are forced to because your application links with a Gnome
				175	library requiring it, <strong><span style="background-color: #FF0000">Do
				176	Not Use libxml1</span></strong>, use libxml2</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	177	<li><em>Where can I get libxml</em> ?
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	178	<p>The original distribution comes from <a
				179	href="ftp://rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">rpmfind.net</a> or <a
MDT 2002 John Fleck	30c7054	2002-09-24 14:24:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	180	href="ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/libxml2/2.4/">gnome.org</a></p>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	181	<p>Most Linux and BSD distributions include libxml, this is probably the
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	182	safer way for end-users to use libxml.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	183	<p>David Doolin provides precompiled Windows versions at <a
				184	href="http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~doolin/code/libxmlwin32/ ">http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~doolin/code/libxmlwin32/</a></p>
				185	</li>
				186	<li><em>I see libxml and libxml2 releases, which one should I install ?</em>
				187	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	188	<li>If you are not constrained by backward compatibility issues with
				189	existing applications, install libxml2 only</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	190	<li>If you are not doing development, you can safely install both.
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	191	Usually the packages <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	192	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml.html">libxml</a> and <a
				193	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2.html">libxml2</a> are
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	194	compatible (this is not the case for development packages).</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	195	<li>If you are a developer and your system provides separate packaging
				196	for shared libraries and the development components, it is possible
				197	to install libxml and libxml2, and also <a
				198	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml-devel.html">libxml-devel</a>
				199	and <a
				200	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2-devel.html">libxml2-devel</a>
				201	too for libxml2 >= 2.3.0</li>
				202	<li>If you are developing a new application, please develop against
				203	libxml2(-devel)</li>
				204	</ul>
				205	</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	206	<li><em>I can't install the libxml package, it conflicts with libxml0</em>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	207	<p>You probably have an old libxml0 package used to provide the shared
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	208	library for libxml.so.0, you can probably safely remove it. The libxml
				209	packages provided on <a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	210	href="ftp://rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">rpmfind.net</a> provide
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	211	libxml.so.0</p>
				212	</li>
				213	<li><em>I can't install the libxml(2) RPM package due to failed
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	214	dependencies</em>
				215	<p>The most generic solution is to re-fetch the latest src.rpm , and
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	216	rebuild it locally with</p>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	217	<p><code>rpm --rebuild libxml(2)-xxx.src.rpm</code>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	218	<p>If everything goes well it will generate two binary rpm packages (one
				219	providing the shared libs and xmllint, and the other one, the -devel
				220	package, providing includes, static libraries and scripts needed to build
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	221	applications with libxml(2)) that you can install locally.</p>
				222	</li>
				223	</ol>
				224
				225	<h3><a name="Compilatio">Compilation</a></h3>
				226	<ol>
				227	<li><em>What is the process to compile libxml ?</em>
				228	<p>As most UNIX libraries libxml follows the "standard":</p>
				229	<p><code>gunzip -c xxx.tar.gz \| tar xvf -</code></p>
				230	<p><code>cd libxml-xxxx</code></p>
				231	<p><code>./configure --help</code></p>
				232	<p>to see the options, then the compilation/installation proper</p>
				233	<p><code>./configure [possible options]</code></p>
				234	<p><code>make</code></p>
				235	<p><code>make install</code></p>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	236	<p>At that point you may have to rerun ldconfig or a similar utility to
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	237	update your list of installed shared libs.</p>
				238	</li>
				239	<li><em>What other libraries are needed to compile/install libxml ?</em>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	240	<p>Libxml does not require any other library, the normal C ANSI API
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	241	should be sufficient (please report any violation to this rule you may
				242	find).</p>
				243	<p>However if found at configuration time libxml will detect and use the
				244	following libs:</p>
				245	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	246	<li><a href="http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/">libz</a> : a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	247	highly portable and available widely compression library.</li>
				248	<li>iconv: a powerful character encoding conversion library. It is
				249	included by default in recent glibc libraries, so it doesn't need to
				250	be installed specifically on Linux. It now seems a <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	251	href="http://www.opennc.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xsh/iconv.html">part
				252	of the official UNIX</a> specification. Here is one <a
Daniel Veillard	dad3f68	2002-11-17 16:47:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	253	href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/">implementation of the
				254	library</a> which source can be found <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	255	href="ftp://ftp.ilog.fr/pub/Users/haible/gnu/">here</a>.</li>
				256	</ul>
				257	</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	258	<li><em>Make check fails on some platforms</em>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	259	<p>Sometimes the regression tests' results don't completely match the
				260	value produced by the parser, and the makefile uses diff to print the
				261	delta. On some platforms the diff return breaks the compilation process;
				262	if the diff is small this is probably not a serious problem.</p>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	263	<p>Sometimes (especially on Solaris) make checks fail due to limitations
Daniel Veillard	e46182c	2002-02-12 14:29:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	264	in make. Try using GNU-make instead.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	265	</li>
				266	<li><em>I use the CVS version and there is no configure script</em>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	267	<p>The configure script (and other Makefiles) are generated. Use the
				268	autogen.sh script to regenerate the configure script and Makefiles,
				269	like:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	270	<p><code>./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr --disable-shared</code></p>
				271	</li>
				272	<li><em>I have troubles when running make tests with gcc-3.0</em>
				273	<p>It seems the initial release of gcc-3.0 has a problem with the
				274	optimizer which miscompiles the URI module. Please use another
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	275	compiler.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	276	</li>
				277	</ol>
				278
				279	<h3><a name="Developer">Developer</a> corner</h3>
				280	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	281	<li><em>xmlDocDump() generates output on one line.</em>
				282	<p>Libxml will not <strong>invent</strong> spaces in the content of a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	283	document since <strong>all spaces in the content of a document are
				284	significant</strong>. If you build a tree from the API and want
				285	indentation:</p>
				286	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	287	<li>the correct way is to generate those yourself too.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	288	<li>the dangerous way is to ask libxml to add those blanks to your
				289	content <strong>modifying the content of your document in the
				290	process</strong>. The result may not be what you expect. There is
				291	<strong>NO</strong> way to guarantee that such a modification won't
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	292	affect other parts of the content of your document. See <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	293	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html#XMLKEEPBLANKSDEFAULT">xmlKeepBlanksDefault
				294	()</a> and <a
				295	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-tree.html#XMLSAVEFORMATFILE">xmlSaveFormatFile
				296	()</a></li>
				297	</ol>
				298	</li>
				299	<li>Extra nodes in the document:
				300	<p><em>For a XML file as below:</em></p>
				301	<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
				302	<PLAN xmlns="http://www.argus.ca/autotest/1.0/">
				303	<NODE CommFlag="0"/>
				304	<NODE CommFlag="1"/>
				305	</PLAN></pre>
				306	<p><em>after parsing it with the function
				307	pxmlDoc=xmlParseFile(...);</em></p>
				308	<p><em>I want to the get the content of the first node (node with the
				309	CommFlag="0")</em></p>
				310	<p><em>so I did it as following;</em></p>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	311	<pre>xmlNodePtr pnode;
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	312	pnode=pxmlDoc->children->children;</pre>
				313	<p><em>but it does not work. If I change it to</em></p>
				314	<pre>pnode=pxmlDoc->children->children->next;</pre>
				315	<p><em>then it works. Can someone explain it to me.</em></p>
				316	<p></p>
				317	<p>In XML all characters in the content of the document are significant
				318	<strong>including blanks and formatting line breaks</strong>.</p>
				319	<p>The extra nodes you are wondering about are just that, text nodes with
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	320	the formatting spaces which are part of the document but that people tend
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	321	to forget. There is a function <a
				322	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html">xmlKeepBlanksDefault
				323	()</a> to remove those at parse time, but that's an heuristic, and its
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	324	use should be limited to cases where you are certain there is no
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	325	mixed-content in the document.</p>
				326	</li>
				327	<li><em>I get compilation errors of existing code like when accessing
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	328	<strong>root</strong> or <strong>child fields</strong> of nodes.</em>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	329	<p>You are compiling code developed for libxml version 1 and using a
				330	libxml2 development environment. Either switch back to libxml v1 devel or
				331	even better fix the code to compile with libxml2 (or both) by <a
				332	href="upgrade.html">following the instructions</a>.</p>
				333	</li>
				334	<li><em>I get compilation errors about non existing
				335	<strong>xmlRootNode</strong> or <strong>xmlChildrenNode</strong>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	336	fields.</em>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	337	<p>The source code you are using has been <a
				338	href="upgrade.html">upgraded</a> to be able to compile with both libxml
				339	and libxml2, but you need to install a more recent version:
				340	libxml(-devel) >= 1.8.8 or libxml2(-devel) >= 2.1.0</p>
				341	</li>
				342	<li><em>XPath implementation looks seriously broken</em>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	343	<p>XPath implementation prior to 2.3.0 was really incomplete. Upgrade to
				344	a recent version, there are no known bugs in the current version.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	345	</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	346	<li><em>The example provided in the web page does not compile.</em>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	347	<p>It's hard to maintain the documentation in sync with the code
				348	<grin/> ...</p>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	349	<p>Check the previous points 1/ and 2/ raised before, and please send
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	350	patches.</p>
				351	</li>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	352	<li><em>Where can I get more examples and information than privoded on the
				353	web page?</em>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	354	<p>Ideally a libxml book would be nice. I have no such plan ... But you
				355	can:</p>
				356	<ul>
				357	<li>check more deeply the <a href="html/libxml-lib.html">existing
				358	generated doc</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	359	<li>look for examples of use for libxml function using the Gnome code.
				360	For example the following will query the full Gnome CVS base for the
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	361	use of the <strong>xmlAddChild()</strong> function:
				362	<p><a
				363	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/search?string=xmlAddChild">http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/search?string=xmlAddChild</a></p>
				364	<p>This may be slow, a large hardware donation to the gnome project
				365	could cure this :-)</p>
				366	</li>
				367	<li><a
				368	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/bonsai/rview.cgi?cvsroot=/cvs/gnome&dir=gnome-xml">Browse
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	369	the libxml source</a> , I try to write code as clean and documented
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	370	as possible, so looking at it may be helpful. In particular the code
				371	of xmllint.c and of the various testXXX.c test programs should
				372	provide good examples of how to do things with the library.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	373	</ul>
				374	</li>
				375	<li>What about C++ ?
				376	<p>libxml is written in pure C in order to allow easy reuse on a number
				377	of platforms, including embedded systems. I don't intend to convert to
				378	C++.</p>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	379	<p>There are however a few C++ wrappers which may fulfill your needs:</p>
Daniel Veillard	9b6fd30	2002-05-13 12:06:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	380	<ul>
				381	<li>by Ari Johnson <ari@btigate.com>:
				382	<p>Website: <a
				383	href="http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/">http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/</a></p>
				384	<p>Download: <a
				385	href="http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/libxml++.tar.gz">http://lusis.org/~ari/xml++/libxml++.tar.gz</a></p>
				386	</li>
				387	<li>by Peter Jones <pjones@pmade.org>
				388	<p>Website: <a
				389	href="http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/">http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/</a></p>
				390	</li>
				391	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	392	</li>
				393	<li>How to validate a document a posteriori ?
				394	<p>It is possible to validate documents which had not been validated at
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	395	initial parsing time or documents which have been built from scratch
				396	using the API. Use the <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	397	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-valid.html#XMLVALIDATEDTD">xmlValidateDtd()</a>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	398	function. It is also possible to simply add a DTD to an existing
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	399	document:</p>
				400	<pre>xmlDocPtr doc; /* your existing document */
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	401	xmlDtdPtr dtd = xmlParseDTD(NULL, filename_of_dtd); /* parse the DTD */
				402
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	403	dtd->name = xmlStrDup((xmlChar)"root_name"); / use the given root */
				404
				405	doc->intSubset = dtd;
				406	if (doc->children == NULL) xmlAddChild((xmlNodePtr)doc, (xmlNodePtr)dtd);
				407	else xmlAddPrevSibling(doc->children, (xmlNodePtr)dtd);
				408	</pre>
				409	</li>
Daniel Veillard	dad3f68	2002-11-17 16:47:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	410	<li>So what is this funky "xmlChar" used all the time?
				411	<p>It is a null terminated sequence of utf-8 characters. And only utf-8!
				412	You need to convert strings encoded in different ways to utf-8 before
				413	passing them to the API. This can be accomplished with the iconv library
				414	for instance.</p>
John Fleck	61f6fb6	2002-10-31 15:23:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	415	</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	416	<li>etc ...</li>
				417	</ol>
				418
				419	<p></p>
				420
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	421	<h2><a name="Documentat">Documentation</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	422
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	423	<p>There are several on-line resources related to using libxml:</p>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	424	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	321be0c	2002-10-08 21:26:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	425	<li>Use the <a href="search.php">search engine</a> to lookup
				426	informations.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	427	<li>Check the <a href="FAQ.html">FAQ.</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	c19fccc	2000-07-03 11:52:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	428	<li>Check the <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-lib.html">extensive
Daniel Veillard	8c6d6af	2000-08-25 17:14:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	429	documentation</a> automatically extracted from code comments (using <a
				430	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/bonsai/rview.cgi?cvsroot=/cvs/gnome&dir=gtk-doc">gtk
				431	doc</a>).</li>
Daniel Veillard	8d86964	2000-07-14 12:12:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	432	<li>Look at the documentation about <a href="encoding.html">libxml
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	433	internationalization support</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	bc66f85	2002-01-14 09:49:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	434	<li>This page provides a global overview and <a href="example.html">some
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	435	examples</a> on how to use libxml.</li>
Daniel Veillard	dad3f68	2002-11-17 16:47:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	436	<li>John Fleck's libxml tutorial: <a href="tutorial/index.html">html</a> or
				437	<a href="tutorial/xmltutorial.pdf">pdf</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	438	<li><a href="mailto:james@daa.com.au">James Henstridge</a> wrote <a
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	439	href="http://www.daa.com.au/~james/gnome/xml-sax/xml-sax.html">some nice
				440	documentation</a> explaining how to use the libxml SAX interface.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	441	<li>George Lebl wrote <a
				442	href="http://www-4.ibm.com/software/developer/library/gnome3/">an article
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	443	for IBM developerWorks</a> about using libxml.</li>
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	444	<li>Check <a href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/source/gnome-xml/TODO">the TODO
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	445	file</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	446	<li>Read the <a href="upgrade.html">1.x to 2.x upgrade path</a>
				447	description. If you are starting a new project using libxml you should
				448	really use the 2.x version.</li>
Daniel Veillard	845cce4	2002-01-09 11:51:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	449	<li>And don't forget to look at the <a
				450	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">mailing-list archive</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	451	</ol>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	452
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	453	<h2><a name="Reporting">Reporting bugs and getting help</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	4c3a203	1999-11-19 17:46:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	454
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	455	<p>Well, bugs or missing features are always possible, and I will make a
				456	point of fixing them in a timely fashion. The best way to report a bug is to
				457	use the <a href="http://bugzilla.gnome.org/buglist.cgi?product=libxml">Gnome
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	458	bug tracking database</a> (make sure to use the "libxml2" module name). I
				459	look at reports there regularly and it's good to have a reminder when a bug
				460	is still open. Be sure to specify that the bug is for the package libxml2.</p>
Daniel Veillard	4c3a203	1999-11-19 17:46:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	461
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	462	<p>There is also a mailing-list <a
Daniel Veillard	3197f16	2001-04-04 00:40:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	463	href="mailto:xml@gnome.org">xml@gnome.org</a> for libxml, with an <a
				464	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">on-line archive</a> (<a
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	465	href="http://xmlsoft.org/messages">old</a>). To subscribe to this list,
				466	please visit the <a
				467	href="http://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/xml">associated Web</a> page and
				468	follow the instructions. <strong>Do not send code, I won't debug it</strong>
				469	(but patches are really appreciated!).</p>
Daniel Veillard	234547b	2001-07-05 09:46:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	470
Daniel Veillard	008186f	2001-09-13 14:24:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	471	<p>Check the following <strong><span style="color: #FF0000">before
				472	posting</span></strong>:</p>
Daniel Veillard	234547b	2001-07-05 09:46:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	473	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	321be0c	2002-10-08 21:26:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	474	<li>Read the <a href="FAQ.html">FAQ</a> and <a href="search.php">use the
				475	search engine</a> to get informations related to your problem.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	476	<li>Make sure you are <a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/">using a recent
				477	version</a>, and that the problem still shows up in a recent version.</li>
				478	<li>Check the <a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">list
				479	archives</a> to see if the problem was reported already. In this case
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	480	there is probably a fix available, similarly check the <a
Daniel Veillard	e7ead2d	2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000	[diff] [blame]	481	href="http://bugzilla.gnome.org/buglist.cgi?product=libxml">registered
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	482	open bugs</a>.</li>
				483	<li>Make sure you can reproduce the bug with xmllint or one of the test
				484	programs found in source in the distribution.</li>
Daniel Veillard	234547b	2001-07-05 09:46:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	485	<li>Please send the command showing the error as well as the input (as an
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	486	attachment)</li>
Daniel Veillard	234547b	2001-07-05 09:46:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	487	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	488
Daniel Veillard	dadd087	2001-09-15 09:21:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	489	<p>Then send the bug with associated informations to reproduce it to the <a
Daniel Veillard	33a6780	2001-03-07 09:44:02 +0000	[diff] [blame]	490	href="mailto:xml@gnome.org">xml@gnome.org</a> list; if it's really libxml
Daniel Veillard	98d071d	2003-01-10 09:22:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	491	related I will approve it. Please do not send mail to me directly, it makes
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	492	things really hard to track and in some cases I am not the best person to
Daniel Veillard	98d071d	2003-01-10 09:22:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	493	answer a given question, ask on the list.</p>
				494
				495	<p>To <span style="color: #E50000">be really clear about support</span>:</p>
				496	<ul>
				497	<li>Support or help <span style="color: #E50000">request MUST be sent to
				498	the list or on bugzilla</span> in case of problems, so that the Question
				499	and Answers can be shared publicly. Failing to do so carries the implicit
				500	message "I want free support but I don't want to share the benefits with
Daniel Veillard	831e8fd	2003-01-25 11:45:34 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	501	others" and is not welcome. I will automatically Carbon-Copy the
				502	xml@gnome.org mailing list for any technical reply made about libxml2 or
				503	libxslt.</li>
Daniel Veillard	98d071d	2003-01-10 09:22:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	504	<li>There is <span style="color: #E50000">no garantee for support</span>,
				505	if your question remains unanswered after a week, repost it, making sure
				506	you gave all the detail needed and the informations requested.</li>
				507	<li>Failing to provide informations as requested or double checking first
				508	for prior feedback also carries the implicit message "the time of the
				509	library maintainers is less valuable than my time" and might not be
				510	welcome.</li>
				511	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	4c3a203	1999-11-19 17:46:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	512
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	513	<p>Of course, bugs reported with a suggested patch for fixing them will
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	514	probably be processed faster than those without.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	515
				516	<p>If you're looking for help, a quick look at <a
Daniel Veillard	f7ed336	2001-08-17 12:01:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	517	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">the list archive</a> may actually
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	518	provide the answer. I usually send source samples when answering libxml usage
Daniel Veillard	6f0adb5	2000-07-03 11:41:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	519	questions. The <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/book1.html">auto-generated
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	520	documentation</a> is not as polished as I would like (i need to learn more
				521	about DocBook), but it's a good starting point.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	522
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	523	<h2><a name="help">How to help</a></h2>
				524
				525	<p>You can help the project in various ways, the best thing to do first is to
				526	subscribe to the mailing-list as explained before, check the <a
Daniel Veillard	f7ed336	2001-08-17 12:01:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	527	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/">archives </a>and the <a
				528	href="http://bugzilla.gnome.org/buglist.cgi?product=libxml">Gnome bug
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	529	database</a>:</p>
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	530	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	531	<li>Provide patches when you find problems.</li>
				532	<li>Provide the diffs when you port libxml to a new platform. They may not
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	533	be integrated in all cases but help pinpointing portability problems
				534	and</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	535	<li>Provide documentation fixes (either as patches to the code comments or
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	536	as HTML diffs).</li>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	537	<li>Provide new documentations pieces (translations, examples, etc
				538	...).</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	539	<li>Check the TODO file and try to close one of the items.</li>
				540	<li>Take one of the points raised in the archive or the bug database and
Daniel Veillard	e7ead2d	2001-08-22 23:44:09 +0000	[diff] [blame]	541	provide a fix. <a href="mailto:daniel@veillard.com">Get in touch with me
				542	</a>before to avoid synchronization problems and check that the suggested
				543	fix will fit in nicely :-)</li>
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	544	</ol>
				545
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	546	<h2><a name="Downloads">Downloads</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	547
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	548	<p>The latest versions of libxml can be found on <a
Daniel Veillard	20c8cf2	2001-06-26 22:47:36 +0000	[diff] [blame]	549	href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/">xmlsoft.org</a> (<a
				550	href="ftp://speakeasy.rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">Seattle</a>, <a
				551	href="ftp://fr.rpmfind.net/pub/libxml/">France</a>) or on the <a
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	552	href="ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/MIRRORS.html">Gnome FTP server</a> either
MDT 2002 John Fleck	30c7054	2002-09-24 14:24:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	553	as a <a href="ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/libxml2/2.4/">source
				554	archive</a><!-- commenting this out because they seem to have disappeared or <a
Daniel Veillard	a41123c	2001-04-22 19:31:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	555	href="ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/stable/redhat/i386/libxml/">RPM
Daniel Veillard	e16b574	2002-09-26 17:50:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	556	packages</a> -->
Daniel Veillard	321be0c	2002-10-08 21:26:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	557	, Antonin Sprinzl also provide <a href="ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/pub/libxml/">a
Daniel Veillard	e16b574	2002-09-26 17:50:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	558	mirror in Austria</a>. (NOTE that you need both the <a
Daniel Veillard	c19fccc	2000-07-03 11:52:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	559	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2.html">libxml(2)</a> and <a
				560	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/libxml2-devel.html">libxml(2)-devel</a>
Daniel Veillard	9518953	2001-07-26 18:30:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	561	packages installed to compile applications using libxml.) <a
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	562	href="mailto:igor@zlatkovic.com">Igor Zlatkovic</a> is now the maintainer of
				563	the Windows port, <a
				564	href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/projects/libxml/index.html">he provides
				565	binaries</a>. <a href="mailto:Gary.Pennington@sun.com">Gary Pennington</a>
				566	provides <a href="http://garypennington.net/libxml2/">Solaris binaries</a>.
				567	<a href="mailto:Steve.Ball@zveno.com">Steve Ball</a> provides <a
				568	href="http://www.zveno.com/open_source/libxml2xslt.html">Mac Os X
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	569	binaries</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	570
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	571	<p><a name="Snapshot">Snapshot:</a></p>
				572	<ul>
				573	<li>Code from the W3C cvs base libxml <a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	574	href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/cvs-snapshot.tar.gz">cvs-snapshot.tar.gz</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	575	<li>Docs, content of the web site, the list archive included <a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	576	href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml-docs.tar.gz">libxml-docs.tar.gz</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	577	</ul>
				578
Daniel Veillard	c6271d2	2001-10-27 07:50:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	579	<p><a name="Contribs">Contributions:</a></p>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	580
				581	<p>I do accept external contributions, especially if compiling on another
Daniel Veillard	c6271d2	2001-10-27 07:50:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	582	platform, get in touch with me to upload the package, wrappers for various
Daniel Veillard	5109531	2001-10-28 18:51:57 +0000	[diff] [blame]	583	languages have been provided, and can be found in the <a
				584	href="contribs.html">contrib section</a></p>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	585
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	586	<p>Libxml is also available from CVS:</p>
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	587	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	588	<li><p>The <a
				589	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/bonsai/rview.cgi?cvsroot=/cvs/gnome&dir=gnome-xml">Gnome
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	590	CVS base</a>. Check the <a
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	591	href="http://developer.gnome.org/tools/cvs.html">Gnome CVS Tools</a>
				592	page; the CVS module is <b>gnome-xml</b>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	593	</li>
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	594	<li>The <strong>libxslt</strong> module is also present there</li>
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	595	</ul>
				596
				597	<h2><a name="News">News</a></h2>
				598
Daniel Veillard	944b5ff	1999-12-15 19:08:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	599	<h3>CVS only : check the <a
				600	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/source/gnome-xml/ChangeLog">Changelog</a> file
Daniel Veillard	189446d	2000-10-13 10:23:06 +0000	[diff] [blame]	601	for a really accurate description</h3>
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	602
Daniel Veillard	e6d8e20	2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	603	<p>Items not finished and worked on, get in touch with the list if you want
				604	to test those</p>
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	605	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	cf27f7c	2002-04-30 07:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	606	<li>Finishing up <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/">XML
				607	Schemas</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xinclude">XInclude</a></li>
				608	</ul>
				609
Daniel Veillard	e2830f1	2003-01-08 17:47:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	610	<h3>2.5.1: Jan 8 2003</h3>
				611	<ul>
				612	<li>Fixes a memory leak and configuration/compilation problems in 2.5.0</li>
				613	<li>documentation updates (John)</li>
				614	<li>a couple of XmlTextReader fixes</li>
				615	</ul>
				616
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	617	<h3>2.5.0: Jan 6 2003</h3>
				618	<ul>
				619	<li>New <a href="xmlreader.html">XmltextReader interface</a> based on C#
				620	API (with help of Stéphane Bidoul)</li>
				621	<li>Windows: more exports, including the new API (Igor)</li>
				622	<li>XInclude fallback fix</li>
				623	<li>Python: bindings for the new API, packaging (Stéphane Bidoul),
				624	drv_libxml2.py Python xml.sax driver (Stéphane Bidoul), fixes, speedup
				625	and iterators for Python-2.2 (Hannu Krosing)</li>
				626	<li>Tutorial fixes (john Fleck and Niraj Tolia) xmllint man update
				627	(John)</li>
				628	<li>Fix an XML parser bug raised by Vyacheslav Pindyura</li>
				629	<li>Fix for VMS serialization (Nigel Hall) and config (Craig A. Berry)</li>
				630	<li>Entities handling fixes</li>
				631	<li>new API to optionally track node creation and deletion (Lukas
				632	Schroeder)</li>
				633	<li>Added documentation for the XmltextReader interface and some <a
				634	href="guidelines.html">XML guidelines</a></li>
				635	</ul>
				636
Daniel Veillard	c1eed32	2002-12-12 11:01:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	637	<h3>2.4.30: Dec 12 2002</h3>
				638	<ul>
				639	<li>2.4.29 broke the python bindings, rereleasing</li>
				640	<li>Improvement/fixes of the XML API generator, and couple of minor code
				641	fixes.</li>
				642	</ul>
				643
Daniel Veillard	9b4bb4d	2002-12-11 19:28:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	644	<h3>2.4.29: Dec 11 2002</h3>
				645	<ul>
				646	<li>Windows fixes (Igor): Windows CE port, pthread linking, python bindings
				647	(Stéphane Bidoul), Mingw (Magnus Henoch), and export list updates</li>
				648	<li>Fix for prev in python bindings (ERDI Gergo)</li>
				649	<li>Fix for entities handling (Marcus Clarke)</li>
				650	<li>Refactored the XML and HTML dumps to a single code path, fixed XHTML1
				651	dump</li>
				652	<li>Fix for URI parsing when handling URNs with fragment identifiers</li>
				653	<li>Fix for HTTP URL escaping problem</li>
				654	<li>added an TextXmlReader (C#) like API (work in progress)</li>
				655	<li>Rewrote the API in XML generation script, includes a C parser and saves
				656	more informations needed for C# bindings</li>
				657	</ul>
				658
Daniel Veillard	f9c4cad	2002-11-22 15:57:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	659	<h3>2.4.28: Nov 22 2002</h3>
				660	<ul>
				661	<li>a couple of python binding fixes</li>
				662	<li>2 bug fixes in the XML push parser</li>
				663	<li>potential memory leak removed (Martin Stoilov)</li>
				664	<li>fix to the configure script for Unix (Dimitri Papadopoulos)</li>
				665	<li>added encoding support for XInclude parse="text"</li>
				666	<li>autodetection of XHTML1 and specific serialization rules added</li>
Daniel Veillard	9b4bb4d	2002-12-11 19:28:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	667	<li>nasty threading bug fixed (William Brack)</li>
Daniel Veillard	f9c4cad	2002-11-22 15:57:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	668	</ul>
				669
Daniel Veillard	dad3f68	2002-11-17 16:47:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	670	<h3>2.4.27: Nov 17 2002</h3>
				671	<ul>
				672	<li>fixes for the Python bindings</li>
				673	<li>a number of bug fixes: SGML catalogs, xmlParseBalancedChunkMemory(),
				674	HTML parser, Schemas (Charles Bozeman), document fragment support
				675	(Christian Glahn), xmlReconciliateNs (Brian Stafford), XPointer,
				676	xmlFreeNode(), xmlSAXParseMemory (Peter Jones), xmlGetNodePath (Petr
				677	Pajas), entities processing</li>
				678	<li>added grep to xmllint --shell</li>
				679	<li>VMS update patch from Craig A. Berry</li>
				680	<li>cleanup of the Windows build with support for more compilers (Igor),
				681	better thread support on Windows</li>
				682	<li>cleanup of Unix Makefiles and spec file</li>
				683	<li>Improvements to the documentation (John Fleck)</li>
				684	</ul>
				685
Daniel Veillard	4826743	2002-10-18 11:21:38 +0000	[diff] [blame]	686	<h3>2.4.26: Oct 18 2002</h3>
				687	<ul>
				688	<li>Patches for Windows CE port, improvements on Windows paths handling</li>
				689	<li>Fixes to the validation code (DTD and Schemas), xmlNodeGetPath() ,
				690	HTML serialization, Namespace compliance, and a number of small
				691	problems</li>
				692	</ul>
				693
Daniel Veillard	e16b574	2002-09-26 17:50:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	694	<h3>2.4.25: Sep 26 2002</h3>
				695	<ul>
				696	<li>A number of bug fixes: XPath, validation, Python bindings, DOM and
				697	tree, xmlI/O, Html</li>
				698	<li>Serious rewrite of XInclude</li>
				699	<li>Made XML Schemas regexp part of the default build and APIs, small fix
				700	and improvement of the regexp core</li>
				701	<li>Changed the validation code to reuse XML Schemas regexp APIs</li>
				702	<li>Better handling of Windows file paths, improvement of Makefiles (Igor,
				703	Daniel Gehriger, Mark Vakoc)</li>
				704	<li>Improved the python I/O bindings, the tests, added resolver and regexp
Daniel Veillard	321be0c	2002-10-08 21:26:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	705	APIs</li>
Daniel Veillard	e16b574	2002-09-26 17:50:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	706	<li>New logos from Marc Liyanage</li>
				707	<li>Tutorial improvements: John Fleck, Christopher Harris</li>
				708	<li>Makefile: Fixes for AMD x86_64 (Mandrake), DESTDIR (Christophe
				709	Merlet)</li>
				710	<li>removal of all stderr/perror use for error reporting</li>
				711	<li>Better error reporting: XPath and DTD validation</li>
				712	<li>update of the trio portability layer (Bjorn Reese)</li>
				713	</ul>
				714
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	715	<p><strong>2.4.24: Aug 22 2002</strong></p>
				716	<ul>
				717	<li>XPath fixes (William), xf:escape-uri() (Wesley Terpstra)</li>
				718	<li>Python binding fixes: makefiles (William), generator, rpm build, x86-64
				719	(fcrozat)</li>
				720	<li>HTML <style> and boolean attributes serializer fixes</li>
				721	<li>C14N improvements by Aleksey</li>
Daniel Veillard	e166254	2002-08-28 11:50:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	722	<li>doc cleanups: Rick Jones</li>
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	723	<li>Windows compiler makefile updates: Igor and Elizabeth Barham</li>
				724	<li>XInclude: implementation of fallback and xml:base fixup added</li>
				725	</ul>
				726
Daniel Veillard	782afda	2002-07-08 15:12:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	727	<h3>2.4.23: July 6 2002</h3>
				728	<ul>
				729	<li>performances patches: Peter Jacobi</li>
				730	<li>c14n fixes, testsuite and performances: Aleksey Sanin</li>
				731	<li>added xmlDocFormatDump: Chema Celorio</li>
				732	<li>new tutorial: John Fleck</li>
				733	<li>new hash functions and performances: Sander Vesik, portability fix from
				734	Peter Jacobi</li>
				735	<li>a number of bug fixes: XPath (William Brack, Richard Jinks), XML and
				736	HTML parsers, ID lookup function</li>
				737	<li>removal of all remaining sprintf: Aleksey Sanin</li>
				738	</ul>
				739
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	740	<h3>2.4.22: May 27 2002</h3>
				741	<ul>
				742	<li>a number of bug fixes: configure scripts, base handling, parser, memory
				743	usage, HTML parser, XPath, documentation (Christian Cornelssen),
Daniel Veillard	2147367	2002-06-17 07:29:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	744	indentation, URI parsing</li>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	745	<li>Optimizations for XMLSec, fixing and making public some of the network
				746	protocol handlers (Aleksey)</li>
				747	<li>performance patch from Gary Pennington</li>
				748	<li>Charles Bozeman provided date and time support for XML Schemas
				749	datatypes</li>
				750	</ul>
				751
Daniel Veillard	cf27f7c	2002-04-30 07:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	752	<h3>2.4.21: Apr 29 2002</h3>
				753
				754	<p>This release is both a bug fix release and also contains the early XML
				755	Schemas <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/">structures</a> and <a
				756	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/">datatypes</a> code, beware, all
				757	interfaces are likely to change, there is huge holes, it is clearly a work in
				758	progress and don't even think of putting this code in a production system,
Daniel Veillard	e6d8e20	2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	759	it's actually not compiled in by default. The real fixes are:</p>
Daniel Veillard	cf27f7c	2002-04-30 07:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	760	<ul>
				761	<li>a couple of bugs or limitations introduced in 2.4.20</li>
				762	<li>patches for Borland C++ and MSC by Igor</li>
				763	<li>some fixes on XPath strings and conformance patches by Richard
				764	Jinks</li>
				765	<li>patch from Aleksey for the ExcC14N specification</li>
				766	<li>OSF/1 bug fix by Bjorn</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	767	</ul>
				768
Daniel Veillard	a7084cd	2002-04-15 17:12:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	769	<h3>2.4.20: Apr 15 2002</h3>
				770	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	771	<li>bug fixes: file descriptor leak, XPath, HTML output, DTD validation</li>
Daniel Veillard	a7084cd	2002-04-15 17:12:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	772	<li>XPath conformance testing by Richard Jinks</li>
				773	<li>Portability fixes: Solaris, MPE/iX, Windows, OSF/1, python bindings,
				774	libxml.m4</li>
				775	</ul>
				776
Daniel Veillard	1927409	2002-03-25 16:48:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	777	<h3>2.4.19: Mar 25 2002</h3>
				778	<ul>
				779	<li>bug fixes: half a dozen XPath bugs, Validation, ISO-Latin to UTF8
				780	encoder</li>
				781	<li>portability fixes in the HTTP code</li>
Daniel Veillard	b2fb8ed	2002-04-01 09:33:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	782	<li>memory allocation checks using valgrind, and profiling tests</li>
Daniel Veillard	1927409	2002-03-25 16:48:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	783	<li>revamp of the Windows build and Makefiles</li>
				784	</ul>
				785
Daniel Veillard	34ce8be	2002-03-18 19:37:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	786	<h3>2.4.18: Mar 18 2002</h3>
				787	<ul>
				788	<li>bug fixes: tree, SAX, canonicalization, validation, portability,
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	789	XPath</li>
Daniel Veillard	34ce8be	2002-03-18 19:37:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	790	<li>removed the --with-buffer option it was becoming unmaintainable</li>
				791	<li>serious cleanup of the Python makefiles</li>
				792	<li>speedup patch to XPath very effective for DocBook stylesheets</li>
				793	<li>Fixes for Windows build, cleanup of the documentation</li>
				794	</ul>
				795
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	796	<h3>2.4.17: Mar 8 2002</h3>
				797	<ul>
				798	<li>a lot of bug fixes, including "namespace nodes have no parents in
				799	XPath"</li>
				800	<li>fixed/improved the Python wrappers, added more examples and more
				801	regression tests, XPath extension functions can now return node-sets</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	802	<li>added the XML Canonicalization support from Aleksey Sanin</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	803	</ul>
				804
Daniel Veillard	5f4b599	2002-02-20 10:22:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	805	<h3>2.4.16: Feb 20 2002</h3>
				806	<ul>
				807	<li>a lot of bug fixes, most of them were triggered by the XML Testsuite
				808	from OASIS and W3C. Compliance has been significantly improved.</li>
				809	<li>a couple of portability fixes too.</li>
				810	</ul>
				811
Daniel Veillard	397ff11	2002-02-11 18:27:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	812	<h3>2.4.15: Feb 11 2002</h3>
				813	<ul>
				814	<li>Fixed the Makefiles, especially the python module ones</li>
				815	<li>A few bug fixes and cleanup</li>
				816	<li>Includes cleanup</li>
				817	</ul>
				818
Daniel Veillard	b6c1e2f	2002-02-08 14:52:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	819	<h3>2.4.14: Feb 8 2002</h3>
				820	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	821	<li>Change of License to the <a
Daniel Veillard	b6c1e2f	2002-02-08 14:52:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	822	href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	823	License</a> basically for integration in XFree86 codebase, and removing
				824	confusion around the previous dual-licensing</li>
Daniel Veillard	b6c1e2f	2002-02-08 14:52:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	825	<li>added Python bindings, beta software but should already be quite
				826	complete</li>
				827	<li>a large number of fixes and cleanups, especially for all tree
				828	manipulations</li>
				829	<li>cleanup of the headers, generation of a reference API definition in
				830	XML</li>
				831	</ul>
				832
				833	<h3>2.4.13: Jan 14 2002</h3>
Daniel Veillard	744683d	2002-01-14 17:30:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	834	<ul>
				835	<li>update of the documentation: John Fleck and Charlie Bozeman</li>
				836	<li>cleanup of timing code from Justin Fletcher</li>
				837	<li>fixes for Windows and initial thread support on Win32: Igor and Serguei
				838	Narojnyi</li>
				839	<li>Cygwin patch from Robert Collins</li>
				840	<li>added xmlSetEntityReferenceFunc() for Keith Isdale work on xsldbg</li>
				841	</ul>
				842
Daniel Veillard	ef90ba7	2001-12-07 14:24:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	843	<h3>2.4.12: Dec 7 2001</h3>
				844	<ul>
				845	<li>a few bug fixes: thread (Gary Pennington), xmllint (Geert Kloosterman),
				846	XML parser (Robin Berjon), XPointer (Danny Jamshy), I/O cleanups
				847	(robert)</li>
				848	<li>Eric Lavigne contributed project files for MacOS</li>
				849	<li>some makefiles cleanups</li>
				850	</ul>
				851
Daniel Veillard	a487105	2001-11-26 13:19:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	852	<h3>2.4.11: Nov 26 2001</h3>
				853	<ul>
				854	<li>fixed a couple of errors in the includes, fixed a few bugs, some code
				855	cleanups</li>
				856	<li>xmllint man pages improvement by Heiko Rupp</li>
				857	<li>updated VMS build instructions from John A Fotheringham</li>
				858	<li>Windows Makefiles updates from Igor</li>
				859	</ul>
				860
Daniel Veillard	43d3f61	2001-11-10 11:57:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	861	<h3>2.4.10: Nov 10 2001</h3>
				862	<ul>
				863	<li>URI escaping fix (Joel Young)</li>
				864	<li>added xmlGetNodePath() (for paths or XPointers generation)</li>
				865	<li>Fixes namespace handling problems when using DTD and validation</li>
				866	<li>improvements on xmllint: Morus Walter patches for --format and
				867	--encode, Stefan Kost and Heiko Rupp improvements on the --shell</li>
				868	<li>fixes for xmlcatalog linking pointed by Weiqi Gao</li>
				869	<li>fixes to the HTML parser</li>
				870	</ul>
				871
				872	<h3>2.4.9: Nov 6 2001</h3>
				873	<ul>
				874	<li>fixes more catalog bugs</li>
				875	<li>avoid a compilation problem, improve xmlGetLineNo()</li>
				876	</ul>
				877
Daniel Veillard	ed421aa	2001-11-04 21:22:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	878	<h3>2.4.8: Nov 4 2001</h3>
				879	<ul>
				880	<li>fixed SGML catalogs broken in previous release, updated xmlcatalog
				881	tool</li>
				882	<li>fixed a compile errors and some includes troubles.</li>
				883	</ul>
				884
Daniel Veillard	52dcab3	2001-10-30 12:51:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	885	<h3>2.4.7: Oct 30 2001</h3>
				886	<ul>
				887	<li>exported some debugging interfaces</li>
				888	<li>serious rewrite of the catalog code</li>
				889	<li>integrated Gary Pennington thread safety patch, added configure option
				890	and regression tests</li>
				891	<li>removed an HTML parser bug</li>
				892	<li>fixed a couple of potentially serious validation bugs</li>
				893	<li>integrated the SGML DocBook support in xmllint</li>
				894	<li>changed the nanoftp anonymous login passwd</li>
				895	<li>some I/O cleanup and a couple of interfaces for Perl wrapper</li>
				896	<li>general bug fixes</li>
				897	<li>updated xmllint man page by John Fleck</li>
				898	<li>some VMS and Windows updates</li>
				899	</ul>
				900
Daniel Veillard	60087f3	2001-10-10 09:45:09 +0000	[diff] [blame]	901	<h3>2.4.6: Oct 10 2001</h3>
				902	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	52dcab3	2001-10-30 12:51:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	903	<li>added an updated man pages by John Fleck</li>
Daniel Veillard	60087f3	2001-10-10 09:45:09 +0000	[diff] [blame]	904	<li>portability and configure fixes</li>
				905	<li>an infinite loop on the HTML parser was removed (William)</li>
				906	<li>Windows makefile patches from Igor</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	907	<li>fixed half a dozen bugs reported for libxml or libxslt</li>
Daniel Veillard	60087f3	2001-10-10 09:45:09 +0000	[diff] [blame]	908	<li>updated xmlcatalog to be able to modify SGML super catalogs</li>
				909	</ul>
				910
Daniel Veillard	dadd087	2001-09-15 09:21:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	911	<h3>2.4.5: Sep 14 2001</h3>
				912	<ul>
				913	<li>Remove a few annoying bugs in 2.4.4</li>
				914	<li>forces the HTML serializer to output decimal charrefs since some
				915	version of Netscape can't handle hexadecimal ones</li>
				916	</ul>
				917
				918	<h3>1.8.16: Sep 14 2001</h3>
				919	<ul>
				920	<li>maintenance release of the old libxml1 branch, couple of bug and
				921	portability fixes</li>
				922	</ul>
				923
Daniel Veillard	04382ae	2001-09-12 18:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	924	<h3>2.4.4: Sep 12 2001</h3>
				925	<ul>
				926	<li>added --convert to xmlcatalog, bug fixes and cleanups of XML
				927	Catalog</li>
				928	<li>a few bug fixes and some portability changes</li>
				929	<li>some documentation cleanups</li>
				930	</ul>
				931
Daniel Veillard	3993690	2001-08-24 00:49:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	932	<h3>2.4.3: Aug 23 2001</h3>
				933	<ul>
				934	<li>XML Catalog support see the doc</li>
				935	<li>New NaN/Infinity floating point code</li>
				936	<li>A few bug fixes</li>
				937	</ul>
				938
				939	<h3>2.4.2: Aug 15 2001</h3>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	940	<ul>
				941	<li>adds xmlLineNumbersDefault() to control line number generation</li>
				942	<li>lot of bug fixes</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	943	<li>the Microsoft MSC projects files should now be up to date</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	944	<li>inheritance of namespaces from DTD defaulted attributes</li>
				945	<li>fixes a serious potential security bug</li>
				946	<li>added a --format option to xmllint</li>
				947	</ul>
				948
				949	<h3>2.4.1: July 24 2001</h3>
				950	<ul>
				951	<li>possibility to keep line numbers in the tree</li>
				952	<li>some computation NaN fixes</li>
				953	<li>extension of the XPath API</li>
				954	<li>cleanup for alpha and ia64 targets</li>
				955	<li>patch to allow saving through HTTP PUT or POST</li>
Daniel Veillard	09ab7e1	2001-07-10 15:49:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	956	</ul>
				957
				958	<h3>2.4.0: July 10 2001</h3>
				959	<ul>
				960	<li>Fixed a few bugs in XPath, validation, and tree handling.</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	961	<li>Fixed XML Base implementation, added a couple of examples to the
Daniel Veillard	09ab7e1	2001-07-10 15:49:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	962	regression tests</li>
				963	<li>A bit of cleanup</li>
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	964	</ul>
				965
Daniel Veillard	5b43fde	2001-07-05 23:31:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	966	<h3>2.3.14: July 5 2001</h3>
				967	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	968	<li>fixed some entities problems and reduce memory requirement when
				969	substituting them</li>
Daniel Veillard	5b43fde	2001-07-05 23:31:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	970	<li>lots of improvements in the XPath queries interpreter can be
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	971	substantially faster</li>
Daniel Veillard	5b43fde	2001-07-05 23:31:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	972	<li>Makefiles and configure cleanups</li>
				973	<li>Fixes to XPath variable eval, and compare on empty node set</li>
				974	<li>HTML tag closing bug fixed</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	975	<li>Fixed an URI reference computation problem when validating</li>
Daniel Veillard	5b43fde	2001-07-05 23:31:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	976	</ul>
				977
Daniel Veillard	2adbb51	2001-06-28 16:20:36 +0000	[diff] [blame]	978	<h3>2.3.13: June 28 2001</h3>
				979	<ul>
				980	<li>2.3.12 configure.in was broken as well as the push mode XML parser</li>
				981	<li>a few more fixes for compilation on Windows MSC by Yon Derek</li>
				982	</ul>
				983
				984	<h3>1.8.14: June 28 2001</h3>
				985	<ul>
				986	<li>Zbigniew Chyla gave a patch to use the old XML parser in push mode</li>
				987	<li>Small Makefile fix</li>
				988	</ul>
				989
Daniel Veillard	1164810	2001-06-26 16:08:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	990	<h3>2.3.12: June 26 2001</h3>
				991	<ul>
				992	<li>lots of cleanup</li>
				993	<li>a couple of validation fix</li>
				994	<li>fixed line number counting</li>
				995	<li>fixed serious problems in the XInclude processing</li>
				996	<li>added support for UTF8 BOM at beginning of entities</li>
				997	<li>fixed a strange gcc optimizer bugs in xpath handling of float, gcc-3.0
				998	miscompile uri.c (William), Thomas Leitner provided a fix for the
				999	optimizer on Tru64</li>
				1000	<li>incorporated Yon Derek and Igor Zlatkovic fixes and improvements for
				1001	compilation on Windows MSC</li>
				1002	<li>update of libxml-doc.el (Felix Natter)</li>
				1003	<li>fixed 2 bugs in URI normalization code</li>
				1004	</ul>
				1005
Daniel Veillard	e3c81b5	2001-06-17 14:50:34 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1006	<h3>2.3.11: June 17 2001</h3>
				1007	<ul>
				1008	<li>updates to trio, Makefiles and configure should fix some portability
				1009	problems (alpha)</li>
				1010	<li>fixed some HTML serialization problems (pre, script, and block/inline
				1011	handling), added encoding aware APIs, cleanup of this code</li>
				1012	<li>added xmlHasNsProp()</li>
				1013	<li>implemented a specific PI for encoding support in the DocBook SGML
				1014	parser</li>
				1015	<li>some XPath fixes (-Infinity, / as a function parameter and namespaces
				1016	node selection)</li>
				1017	<li>fixed a performance problem and an error in the validation code</li>
				1018	<li>fixed XInclude routine to implement the recursive behaviour</li>
				1019	<li>fixed xmlFreeNode problem when libxml is included statically twice</li>
				1020	<li>added --version to xmllint for bug reports</li>
				1021	</ul>
				1022
Daniel Veillard	2e4f188	2001-06-01 10:11:57 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1023	<h3>2.3.10: June 1 2001</h3>
				1024	<ul>
				1025	<li>fixed the SGML catalog support</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1026	<li>a number of reported bugs got fixed, in XPath, iconv detection,
				1027	XInclude processing</li>
Daniel Veillard	2e4f188	2001-06-01 10:11:57 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1028	<li>XPath string function should now handle unicode correctly</li>
				1029	</ul>
				1030
Daniel Veillard	4623acd	2001-05-19 15:13:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1031	<h3>2.3.9: May 19 2001</h3>
				1032
				1033	<p>Lots of bugfixes, and added a basic SGML catalog support:</p>
				1034	<ul>
				1035	<li>HTML push bugfix #54891 and another patch from Jonas Borgström</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1036	<li>some serious speed optimization again</li>
Daniel Veillard	4623acd	2001-05-19 15:13:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1037	<li>some documentation cleanups</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1038	<li>trying to get better linking on Solaris (-R)</li>
Daniel Veillard	4623acd	2001-05-19 15:13:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1039	<li>XPath API cleanup from Thomas Broyer</li>
				1040	<li>Validation bug fixed #54631, added a patch from Gary Pennington, fixed
				1041	xmlValidGetValidElements()</li>
				1042	<li>Added an INSTALL file</li>
				1043	<li>Attribute removal added to API: #54433</li>
				1044	<li>added a basic support for SGML catalogs</li>
				1045	<li>fixed xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0) API</li>
				1046	<li>bugfix in xmlNodeGetLang()</li>
				1047	<li>fixed a small configure portability problem</li>
				1048	<li>fixed an inversion of SYSTEM and PUBLIC identifier in HTML document</li>
				1049	</ul>
				1050
Daniel Veillard	a265af7	2001-05-14 11:13:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1051	<h3>1.8.13: May 14 2001</h3>
				1052	<ul>
				1053	<li>bugfixes release of the old libxml1 branch used by Gnome</li>
				1054	</ul>
				1055
Daniel Veillard	3bbbe6f	2001-05-03 11:15:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1056	<h3>2.3.8: May 3 2001</h3>
				1057	<ul>
				1058	<li>Integrated an SGML DocBook parser for the Gnome project</li>
				1059	<li>Fixed a few things in the HTML parser</li>
				1060	<li>Fixed some XPath bugs raised by XSLT use, tried to fix the floating
				1061	point portability issue</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1062	<li>Speed improvement (8M/s for SAX, 3M/s for DOM, 1.5M/s for
				1063	DOM+validation using the XML REC as input and a 700MHz celeron).</li>
Daniel Veillard	3bbbe6f	2001-05-03 11:15:37 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1064	<li>incorporated more Windows cleanup</li>
				1065	<li>added xmlSaveFormatFile()</li>
				1066	<li>fixed problems in copying nodes with entities references (gdome)</li>
				1067	<li>removed some troubles surrounding the new validation module</li>
				1068	</ul>
				1069
Daniel Veillard	a41123c	2001-04-22 19:31:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1070	<h3>2.3.7: April 22 2001</h3>
				1071	<ul>
				1072	<li>lots of small bug fixes, corrected XPointer</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1073	<li>Non deterministic content model validation support</li>
Daniel Veillard	a41123c	2001-04-22 19:31:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1074	<li>added xmlDocCopyNode for gdome2</li>
				1075	<li>revamped the way the HTML parser handles end of tags</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1076	<li>XPath: corrections of namespaces support and number formatting</li>
Daniel Veillard	a41123c	2001-04-22 19:31:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1077	<li>Windows: Igor Zlatkovic patches for MSC compilation</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1078	<li>HTML output fixes from P C Chow and William M. Brack</li>
Daniel Veillard	a41123c	2001-04-22 19:31:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1079	<li>Improved validation speed sensible for DocBook</li>
				1080	<li>fixed a big bug with ID declared in external parsed entities</li>
				1081	<li>portability fixes, update of Trio from Bjorn Reese</li>
				1082	</ul>
				1083
Daniel Veillard	afc7311	2001-04-11 11:51:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1084	<h3>2.3.6: April 8 2001</h3>
				1085	<ul>
				1086	<li>Code cleanup using extreme gcc compiler warning options, found and
				1087	cleared half a dozen potential problem</li>
				1088	<li>the Eazel team found an XML parser bug</li>
				1089	<li>cleaned up the user of some of the string formatting function. used the
				1090	trio library code to provide the one needed when the platform is missing
				1091	them</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1092	<li>xpath: removed a memory leak and fixed the predicate evaluation
				1093	problem, extended the testsuite and cleaned up the result. XPointer seems
				1094	broken ...</li>
Daniel Veillard	afc7311	2001-04-11 11:51:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1095	</ul>
				1096
Daniel Veillard	56a4cb8	2001-03-24 17:00:36 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1097	<h3>2.3.5: Mar 23 2001</h3>
				1098	<ul>
				1099	<li>Biggest change is separate parsing and evaluation of XPath expressions,
				1100	there is some new APIs for this too</li>
				1101	<li>included a number of bug fixes(XML push parser, 51876, notations,
				1102	52299)</li>
				1103	<li>Fixed some portability issues</li>
				1104	</ul>
				1105
Daniel Veillard	e356c28	2001-03-10 12:32:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1106	<h3>2.3.4: Mar 10 2001</h3>
				1107	<ul>
				1108	<li>Fixed bugs #51860 and #51861</li>
				1109	<li>Added a global variable xmlDefaultBufferSize to allow default buffer
				1110	size to be application tunable.</li>
				1111	<li>Some cleanup in the validation code, still a bug left and this part
				1112	should probably be rewritten to support ambiguous content model :-\</li>
				1113	<li>Fix a couple of serious bugs introduced or raised by changes in 2.3.3
				1114	parser</li>
				1115	<li>Fixed another bug in xmlNodeGetContent()</li>
				1116	<li>Bjorn fixed XPath node collection and Number formatting</li>
				1117	<li>Fixed a loop reported in the HTML parsing</li>
				1118	<li>blank space are reported even if the Dtd content model proves that they
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1119	are formatting spaces, this is for XML conformance</li>
Daniel Veillard	e356c28	2001-03-10 12:32:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1120	</ul>
				1121
Daniel Veillard	b402c07	2001-03-01 17:28:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1122	<h3>2.3.3: Mar 1 2001</h3>
				1123	<ul>
				1124	<li>small change in XPath for XSLT</li>
				1125	<li>documentation cleanups</li>
				1126	<li>fix in validation by Gary Pennington</li>
				1127	<li>serious parsing performances improvements</li>
				1128	</ul>
				1129
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1130	<h3>2.3.2: Feb 24 2001</h3>
Daniel Veillard	7168110	2001-02-24 17:48:53 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1131	<ul>
				1132	<li>chasing XPath bugs, found a bunch, completed some TODO</li>
				1133	<li>fixed a Dtd parsing bug</li>
				1134	<li>fixed a bug in xmlNodeGetContent</li>
				1135	<li>ID/IDREF support partly rewritten by Gary Pennington</li>
				1136	</ul>
				1137
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1138	<h3>2.3.1: Feb 15 2001</h3>
Daniel Veillard	6e6a6cc	2001-02-15 15:55:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1139	<ul>
				1140	<li>some XPath and HTML bug fixes for XSLT</li>
				1141	<li>small extension of the hash table interfaces for DOM gdome2
				1142	implementation</li>
				1143	<li>A few bug fixes</li>
				1144	</ul>
				1145
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1146	<h3>2.3.0: Feb 8 2001 (2.2.12 was on 25 Jan but I didn't kept track)</h3>
Daniel Veillard	6e6a6cc	2001-02-15 15:55:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1147	<ul>
				1148	<li>Lots of XPath bug fixes</li>
				1149	<li>Add a mode with Dtd lookup but without validation error reporting for
				1150	XSLT</li>
				1151	<li>Add support for text node without escaping (XSLT)</li>
				1152	<li>bug fixes for xmlCheckFilename</li>
				1153	<li>validation code bug fixes from Gary Pennington</li>
				1154	<li>Patch from Paul D. Smith correcting URI path normalization</li>
				1155	<li>Patch to allow simultaneous install of libxml-devel and
				1156	libxml2-devel</li>
				1157	<li>the example Makefile is now fixed</li>
				1158	<li>added HTML to the RPM packages</li>
				1159	<li>tree copying bugfixes</li>
				1160	<li>updates to Windows makefiles</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1161	<li>optimization patch from Bjorn Reese</li>
Daniel Veillard	6e6a6cc	2001-02-15 15:55:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1162	</ul>
				1163
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1164	<h3>2.2.11: Jan 4 2001</h3>
Daniel Veillard	503b893	2001-01-05 06:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1165	<ul>
				1166	<li>bunch of bug fixes (memory I/O, xpath, ftp/http, ...)</li>
				1167	<li>added htmlHandleOmittedElem()</li>
				1168	<li>Applied Bjorn Reese's IPV6 first patch</li>
				1169	<li>Applied Paul D. Smith patches for validation of XInclude results</li>
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1170	<li>added XPointer xmlns() new scheme support</li>
Daniel Veillard	503b893	2001-01-05 06:36:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1171	</ul>
				1172
Daniel Veillard	2ddd23d	2000-11-25 10:42:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1173	<h3>2.2.10: Nov 25 2000</h3>
Daniel Veillard	9d343c4	2000-11-25 10:12:43 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1174	<ul>
				1175	<li>Fix the Windows problems of 2.2.8</li>
				1176	<li>integrate OpenVMS patches</li>
				1177	<li>better handling of some nasty HTML input</li>
				1178	<li>Improved the XPointer implementation</li>
				1179	<li>integrate a number of provided patches</li>
				1180	</ul>
				1181
Daniel Veillard	2ddd23d	2000-11-25 10:42:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1182	<h3>2.2.9: Nov 25 2000</h3>
				1183	<ul>
				1184	<li>erroneous release :-(</li>
				1185	</ul>
				1186
Daniel Veillard	28929b2	2000-11-13 18:22:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1187	<h3>2.2.8: Nov 13 2000</h3>
				1188	<ul>
				1189	<li>First version of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xinclude">XInclude</a>
				1190	support</li>
				1191	<li>Patch in conditional section handling</li>
				1192	<li>updated MS compiler project</li>
				1193	<li>fixed some XPath problems</li>
				1194	<li>added an URI escaping function</li>
				1195	<li>some other bug fixes</li>
				1196	</ul>
				1197
				1198	<h3>2.2.7: Oct 31 2000</h3>
				1199	<ul>
				1200	<li>added message redirection</li>
				1201	<li>XPath improvements (thanks TOM !)</li>
				1202	<li>xmlIOParseDTD() added</li>
				1203	<li>various small fixes in the HTML, URI, HTTP and XPointer support</li>
				1204	<li>some cleanup of the Makefile, autoconf and the distribution content</li>
				1205	</ul>
				1206
Daniel Veillard	29a11cc	2000-10-25 13:32:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1207	<h3>2.2.6: Oct 25 2000:</h3>
				1208	<ul>
				1209	<li>Added an hash table module, migrated a number of internal structure to
				1210	those</li>
				1211	<li>Fixed a posteriori validation problems</li>
				1212	<li>HTTP module cleanups</li>
				1213	<li>HTML parser improvements (tag errors, script/style handling, attribute
				1214	normalization)</li>
				1215	<li>coalescing of adjacent text nodes</li>
				1216	<li>couple of XPath bug fixes, exported the internal API</li>
				1217	</ul>
				1218
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1219	<h3>2.2.5: Oct 15 2000:</h3>
Daniel Veillard	4c3a203	1999-11-19 17:46:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1220	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	189446d	2000-10-13 10:23:06 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1221	<li>XPointer implementation and testsuite</li>
				1222	<li>Lot of XPath fixes, added variable and functions registration, more
				1223	tests</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1224	<li>Portability fixes, lots of enhancements toward an easy Windows build
				1225	and release</li>
Daniel Veillard	189446d	2000-10-13 10:23:06 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1226	<li>Late validation fixes</li>
				1227	<li>Integrated a lot of contributed patches</li>
				1228	<li>added memory management docs</li>
Daniel Veillard	ab8500d	2000-10-15 21:06:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1229	<li>a performance problem when using large buffer seems fixed</li>
Daniel Veillard	189446d	2000-10-13 10:23:06 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1230	</ul>
				1231
				1232	<h3>2.2.4: Oct 1 2000:</h3>
				1233	<ul>
				1234	<li>main XPath problem fixed</li>
				1235	<li>Integrated portability patches for Windows</li>
				1236	<li>Serious bug fixes on the URI and HTML code</li>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1237	</ul>
				1238
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1239	<h3>2.2.3: Sep 17 2000</h3>
				1240	<ul>
				1241	<li>bug fixes</li>
				1242	<li>cleanup of entity handling code</li>
				1243	<li>overall review of all loops in the parsers, all sprintf usage has been
				1244	checked too</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1245	<li>Far better handling of larges Dtd. Validating against DocBook XML Dtd
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1246	works smoothly now.</li>
				1247	</ul>
				1248
				1249	<h3>1.8.10: Sep 6 2000</h3>
				1250	<ul>
				1251	<li>bug fix release for some Gnome projects</li>
				1252	</ul>
				1253
				1254	<h3>2.2.2: August 12 2000</h3>
Daniel Veillard	786d7c8	2000-08-12 23:38:57 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1255	<ul>
				1256	<li>mostly bug fixes</li>
Daniel Veillard	ec78c0f	2000-08-25 10:25:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1257	<li>started adding routines to access xml parser context options</li>
Daniel Veillard	786d7c8	2000-08-12 23:38:57 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1258	</ul>
				1259
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1260	<h3>2.2.1: July 21 2000</h3>
Daniel Veillard	a2679fa	2000-07-22 02:38:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1261	<ul>
				1262	<li>a purely bug fixes release</li>
				1263	<li>fixed an encoding support problem when parsing from a memory block</li>
				1264	<li>fixed a DOCTYPE parsing problem</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1265	<li>removed a bug in the function allowing to override the memory
				1266	allocation routines</li>
Daniel Veillard	a2679fa	2000-07-22 02:38:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1267	</ul>
				1268
Daniel Veillard	d5f97f8	2000-09-17 16:38:14 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1269	<h3>2.2.0: July 14 2000</h3>
Daniel Veillard	94e9060	2000-07-17 14:38:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1270	<ul>
				1271	<li>applied a lot of portability fixes</li>
				1272	<li>better encoding support/cleanup and saving (content is now always
				1273	encoded in UTF-8)</li>
				1274	<li>the HTML parser now correctly handles encodings</li>
				1275	<li>added xmlHasProp()</li>
				1276	<li>fixed a serious problem with &#38;</li>
				1277	<li>propagated the fix to FTP client</li>
				1278	<li>cleanup, bugfixes, etc ...</li>
				1279	<li>Added a page about <a href="encoding.html">libxml Internationalization
				1280	support</a></li>
				1281	</ul>
				1282
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1283	<h3>1.8.9: July 9 2000</h3>
				1284	<ul>
				1285	<li>fixed the spec the RPMs should be better</li>
				1286	<li>fixed a serious bug in the FTP implementation, released 1.8.9 to solve
				1287	rpmfind users problem</li>
				1288	</ul>
				1289
Daniel Veillard	6388e17	2000-07-03 16:07:19 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1290	<h3>2.1.1: July 1 2000</h3>
				1291	<ul>
				1292	<li>fixes a couple of bugs in the 2.1.0 packaging</li>
				1293	<li>improvements on the HTML parser</li>
				1294	</ul>
				1295
Daniel Veillard	3f6f7f6	2000-06-30 17:58:25 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1296	<h3>2.1.0 and 1.8.8: June 29 2000</h3>
				1297	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1298	<li>1.8.8 is mostly a commodity package for upgrading to libxml2 according
				1299	to <a href="upgrade.html">new instructions</a>. It fixes a nasty problem
Daniel Veillard	3f6f7f6	2000-06-30 17:58:25 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1300	about &#38; charref parsing</li>
				1301	<li>2.1.0 also ease the upgrade from libxml v1 to the recent version. it
				1302	also contains numerous fixes and enhancements:
				1303	<ul>
				1304	<li>added xmlStopParser() to stop parsing</li>
				1305	<li>improved a lot parsing speed when there is large CDATA blocs</li>
				1306	<li>includes XPath patches provided by Picdar Technology</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1307	<li>tried to fix as much as possible DTD validation and namespace
Daniel Veillard	3f6f7f6	2000-06-30 17:58:25 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1308	related problems</li>
				1309	<li>output to a given encoding has been added/tested</li>
				1310	<li>lot of various fixes</li>
				1311	</ul>
				1312	</li>
				1313	</ul>
				1314
Daniel Veillard	e0aed30	2000-04-16 08:52:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1315	<h3>2.0.0: Apr 12 2000</h3>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1316	<ul>
				1317	<li>First public release of libxml2. If you are using libxml, it's a good
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1318	idea to check the 1.x to 2.x upgrade instructions. NOTE: while initially
				1319	scheduled for Apr 3 the release occurred only on Apr 12 due to massive
Daniel Veillard	e0aed30	2000-04-16 08:52:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1320	workload.</li>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1321	<li>The include are now located under $prefix/include/libxml (instead of
Daniel Veillard	e0aed30	2000-04-16 08:52:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1322	$prefix/include/gnome-xml), they also are referenced by
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1323	<pre>#include <libxml/xxx.h></pre>
Daniel Veillard	e0aed30	2000-04-16 08:52:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1324	<p>instead of</p>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1325	<pre>#include "xxx.h"</pre>
				1326	</li>
Daniel Veillard	8f62198	2000-03-20 13:07:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1327	<li>a new URI module for parsing URIs and following strictly RFC 2396</li>
				1328	<li>the memory allocation routines used by libxml can now be overloaded
				1329	dynamically by using xmlMemSetup()</li>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1330	<li>The previously CVS only tool tester has been renamed
				1331	<strong>xmllint</strong> and is now installed as part of the libxml2
				1332	package</li>
Daniel Veillard	e0aed30	2000-04-16 08:52:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1333	<li>The I/O interface has been revamped. There is now ways to plug in
				1334	specific I/O modules, either at the URI scheme detection level using
				1335	xmlRegisterInputCallbacks() or by passing I/O functions when creating a
				1336	parser context using xmlCreateIOParserCtxt()</li>
				1337	<li>there is a C preprocessor macro LIBXML_VERSION providing the version
				1338	number of the libxml module in use</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1339	<li>a number of optional features of libxml can now be excluded at
				1340	configure time (FTP/HTTP/HTML/XPath/Debug)</li>
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1341	</ul>
				1342
				1343	<h3>2.0.0beta: Mar 14 2000</h3>
				1344	<ul>
				1345	<li>This is a first Beta release of libxml version 2</li>
Daniel Veillard	e356c28	2001-03-10 12:32:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1346	<li>It's available only from<a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/">xmlsoft.org
				1347	FTP</a>, it's packaged as libxml2-2.0.0beta and available as tar and
				1348	RPMs</li>
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1349	<li>This version is now the head in the Gnome CVS base, the old one is
				1350	available under the tag LIB_XML_1_X</li>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1351	<li>This includes a very large set of changes. From a programmatic point
				1352	of view applications should not have to be modified too much, check the
				1353	<a href="upgrade.html">upgrade page</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1354	<li>Some interfaces may changes (especially a bit about encoding).</li>
				1355	<li>the updates includes:
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1356	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1357	<li>fix I18N support. ISO-Latin-x/UTF-8/UTF-16 (nearly) seems correctly
				1358	handled now</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1359	<li>Better handling of entities, especially well-formedness checking
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1360	and proper PEref extensions in external subsets</li>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1361	<li>DTD conditional sections</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1362	<li>Validation now correctly handle entities content</li>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1363	<li><a href="http://rpmfind.net/tools/gdome/messages/0039.html">change
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1364	structures to accommodate DOM</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	6c8b117	2000-03-01 00:40:41 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1365	</ul>
				1366	</li>
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1367	<li>Serious progress were made toward compliance, <a
				1368	href="conf/result.html">here are the result of the test</a> against the
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1369	OASIS testsuite (except the Japanese tests since I don't support that
Daniel Veillard	edfb29b	2000-03-14 19:59:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1370	encoding yet). This URL is rebuilt every couple of hours using the CVS
				1371	head version.</li>
Daniel Veillard	e41f2b7	2000-01-30 20:00:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1372	</ul>
				1373
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1374	<h3>1.8.7: Mar 6 2000</h3>
				1375	<ul>
				1376	<li>This is a bug fix release:</li>
				1377	<li>It is possible to disable the ignorable blanks heuristic used by
				1378	libxml-1.x, a new function xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0) will allow this. Note
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1379	that for adherence to XML spec, this behaviour will be disabled by
				1380	default in 2.x . The same function will allow to keep compatibility for
				1381	old code.</li>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1382	<li>Blanks in <a> </a> constructs are not ignored anymore,
				1383	avoiding heuristic is really the Right Way :-\</li>
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1384	<li>The unchecked use of snprintf which was breaking libxml-1.8.6
				1385	compilation on some platforms has been fixed</li>
				1386	<li>nanoftp.c nanohttp.c: Fixed '#' and '?' stripping when processing
				1387	URIs</li>
				1388	</ul>
				1389
Daniel Veillard	e41f2b7	2000-01-30 20:00:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1390	<h3>1.8.6: Jan 31 2000</h3>
				1391	<ul>
				1392	<li>added a nanoFTP transport module, debugged until the new version of <a
				1393	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/rpmfind.html">rpmfind</a> can use
				1394	it without troubles</li>
Daniel Veillard	da07c34	2000-01-25 18:31:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1395	</ul>
				1396
				1397	<h3>1.8.5: Jan 21 2000</h3>
				1398	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1399	<li>adding APIs to parse a well balanced chunk of XML (production <a
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1400	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#NT-content">[43] content</a> of the
				1401	XML spec)</li>
Daniel Veillard	461a66c	2000-01-18 18:01:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1402	<li>fixed a hideous bug in xmlGetProp pointed by Rune.Djurhuus@fast.no</li>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1403	<li>Jody Goldberg <jgoldberg@home.com> provided another patch trying
				1404	to solve the zlib checks problems</li>
Daniel Veillard	461a66c	2000-01-18 18:01:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1405	<li>The current state in gnome CVS base is expected to ship as 1.8.5 with
				1406	gnumeric soon</li>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1407	</ul>
				1408
				1409	<h3>1.8.4: Jan 13 2000</h3>
				1410	<ul>
				1411	<li>bug fixes, reintroduced xmlNewGlobalNs(), fixed xmlNewNs()</li>
				1412	<li>all exit() call should have been removed from libxml</li>
				1413	<li>fixed a problem with INCLUDE_WINSOCK on WIN32 platform</li>
				1414	<li>added newDocFragment()</li>
Daniel Veillard	f84f71f	2000-01-05 19:54:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1415	</ul>
				1416
				1417	<h3>1.8.3: Jan 5 2000</h3>
				1418	<ul>
				1419	<li>a Push interface for the XML and HTML parsers</li>
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1420	<li>a shell-like interface to the document tree (try tester --shell :-)</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1421	<li>lots of bug fixes and improvement added over XMas holidays</li>
Daniel Veillard	437b87b	2000-01-03 17:30:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1422	<li>fixed the DTD parsing code to work with the xhtml DTD</li>
Daniel Veillard	f84f71f	2000-01-05 19:54:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1423	<li>added xmlRemoveProp(), xmlRemoveID() and xmlRemoveRef()</li>
				1424	<li>Fixed bugs in xmlNewNs()</li>
Daniel Veillard	437b87b	2000-01-03 17:30:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1425	<li>External entity loading code has been revamped, now it uses
Daniel Veillard	f84f71f	2000-01-05 19:54:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1426	xmlLoadExternalEntity(), some fix on entities processing were added</li>
Daniel Veillard	437b87b	2000-01-03 17:30:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1427	<li>cleaned up WIN32 includes of socket stuff</li>
Daniel Veillard	5cb5ab8	1999-12-21 15:35:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1428	</ul>
				1429
				1430	<h3>1.8.2: Dec 21 1999</h3>
				1431	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1432	<li>I got another problem with includes and C++, I hope this issue is fixed
				1433	for good this time</li>
Daniel Veillard	5cb5ab8	1999-12-21 15:35:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1434	<li>Added a few tree modification functions: xmlReplaceNode,
				1435	xmlAddPrevSibling, xmlAddNextSibling, xmlNodeSetName and
				1436	xmlDocSetRootElement</li>
				1437	<li>Tried to improve the HTML output with help from <a
				1438	href="mailto:clahey@umich.edu">Chris Lahey</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	e4e5131	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1439	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1440
Daniel Veillard	e4e5131	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1441	<h3>1.8.1: Dec 18 1999</h3>
				1442	<ul>
				1443	<li>various patches to avoid troubles when using libxml with C++ compilers
				1444	the "namespace" keyword and C escaping in include files</li>
				1445	<li>a problem in one of the core macros IS_CHAR was corrected</li>
				1446	<li>fixed a bug introduced in 1.8.0 breaking default namespace processing,
				1447	and more specifically the Dia application</li>
Daniel Veillard	944b5ff	1999-12-15 19:08:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1448	<li>fixed a posteriori validation (validation after parsing, or by using a
				1449	Dtd not specified in the original document)</li>
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1450	<li>fixed a bug in</li>
Daniel Veillard	10a2c65	1999-12-12 13:03:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1451	</ul>
				1452
				1453	<h3>1.8.0: Dec 12 1999</h3>
				1454	<ul>
				1455	<li>cleanup, especially memory wise</li>
				1456	<li>the parser should be more reliable, especially the HTML one, it should
				1457	not crash, whatever the input !</li>
				1458	<li>Integrated various patches, especially a speedup improvement for large
				1459	dataset from <a href="mailto:cnygard@bellatlantic.net">Carl Nygard</a>,
				1460	configure with --with-buffers to enable them.</li>
				1461	<li>attribute normalization, oops should have been added long ago !</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1462	<li>attributes defaulted from DTDs should be available, xmlSetProp() now
				1463	does entities escaping by default.</li>
Daniel Veillard	4c3a203	1999-11-19 17:46:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1464	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	3500838	1999-10-25 13:15:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1465
				1466	<h3>1.7.4: Oct 25 1999</h3>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1467	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	3500838	1999-10-25 13:15:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1468	<li>Lots of HTML improvement</li>
				1469	<li>Fixed some errors when saving both XML and HTML</li>
				1470	<li>More examples, the regression tests should now look clean</li>
				1471	<li>Fixed a bug with contiguous charref</li>
				1472	</ul>
				1473
				1474	<h3>1.7.3: Sep 29 1999</h3>
				1475	<ul>
				1476	<li>portability problems fixed</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1477	<li>snprintf was used unconditionally, leading to link problems on system
Daniel Veillard	3500838	1999-10-25 13:15:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1478	were it's not available, fixed</li>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1479	</ul>
				1480
				1481	<h3>1.7.1: Sep 24 1999</h3>
				1482	<ul>
				1483	<li>The basic type for strings manipulated by libxml has been renamed in
				1484	1.7.1 from <strong>CHAR</strong> to <strong>xmlChar</strong>. The reason
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1485	is that CHAR was conflicting with a predefined type on Windows. However
				1486	on non WIN32 environment, compatibility is provided by the way of a
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1487	<strong>#define </strong>.</li>
				1488	<li>Changed another error : the use of a structure field called errno, and
				1489	leading to troubles on platforms where it's a macro</li>
				1490	</ul>
				1491
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1492	<h3>1.7.0: Sep 23 1999</h3>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1493	<ul>
				1494	<li>Added the ability to fetch remote DTD or parsed entities, see the <a
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1495	href="html/libxml-nanohttp.html">nanohttp</a> module.</li>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1496	<li>Added an errno to report errors by another mean than a simple printf
				1497	like callback</li>
				1498	<li>Finished ID/IDREF support and checking when validation</li>
				1499	<li>Serious memory leaks fixed (there is now a <a
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1500	href="html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">memory wrapper</a> module)</li>
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1501	<li>Improvement of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">XPath</a>
				1502	implementation</li>
				1503	<li>Added an HTML parser front-end</li>
				1504	</ul>
				1505
				1506	<h2><a name="XML">XML</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1507
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1508	<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml">XML is a standard</a> for
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1509	markup-based structured documents. Here is <a name="example">an example XML
				1510	document</a>:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1511	<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
				1512	<EXAMPLE prop1="gnome is great" prop2="&amp; linux too">
				1513	<head>
				1514	<title>Welcome to Gnome</title>
				1515	</head>
				1516	<chapter>
				1517	<title>The Linux adventure</title>
				1518	<p>bla bla bla ...</p>
				1519	<image href="linus.gif"/>
				1520	<p>...</p>
				1521	</chapter>
				1522	</EXAMPLE></pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1523
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1524	<p>The first line specifies that it is an XML document and gives useful
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1525	information about its encoding. Then the rest of the document is a text
				1526	format whose structure is specified by tags between brackets. <strong>Each
				1527	tag opened has to be closed</strong>. XML is pedantic about this. However, if
				1528	a tag is empty (no content), a single tag can serve as both the opening and
				1529	closing tag if it ends with <code>/></code> rather than with
				1530	<code>></code>. Note that, for example, the image tag has no content (just
				1531	an attribute) and is closed by ending the tag with <code>/></code>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1532
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1533	<p>XML can be applied successfully to a wide range of tasks, ranging from
				1534	long term structured document maintenance (where it follows the steps of
				1535	SGML) to simple data encoding mechanisms like configuration file formatting
				1536	(glade), spreadsheets (gnumeric), or even shorter lived documents such as
				1537	WebDAV where it is used to encode remote calls between a client and a
				1538	server.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1539
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1540	<h2><a name="XSLT">XSLT</a></h2>
				1541
Daniel Veillard	6e6a6cc	2001-02-15 15:55:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1542	<p>Check <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/XSLT">the separate libxslt page</a></p>
				1543
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1544	<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSL Transformations</a>, is a
				1545	language for transforming XML documents into other XML documents (or
				1546	HTML/textual output).</p>
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1547
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1548	<p>A separate library called libxslt is being developed on top of libxml2.
				1549	This module "libxslt" too can be found in the Gnome CVS base.</p>
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1550
Daniel Veillard	383b147	2001-01-23 11:39:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1551	<p>You can check the <a
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1552	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/source/libxslt/FEATURES">features</a>
				1553	supported and the progresses on the <a
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1554	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/source/libxslt/ChangeLog"
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1555	name="Changelog">Changelog</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1556
				1557	<h2><a name="Python">Python and bindings</a></h2>
				1558
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1559	<p>There are a number of language bindings and wrappers available for
				1560	libxml2, the list below is not exhaustive. Please contact the <a
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1561	href="http://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/xml-bindings">xml-bindings@gnome.org</a>
				1562	(<a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml-bindings/">archives</a>) in
				1563	order to get updates to this list or to discuss the specific topic of libxml2
				1564	or libxslt wrappers or bindings:</p>
				1565	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	c14401e	2002-11-20 14:28:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1566	<li><a href="http://libxmlplusplus.sourceforge.net/">Libxml++</a> seems the
				1567	most up-to-date C++ bindings for libxml2, check the <a
				1568	href="http://libxmlplusplus.sourceforge.net/reference/html/hierarchy.html">documentation</a>
				1569	and the <a
				1570	href="http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/libxmlplusplus/libxml%2b%2b/examples/">examples</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1571	<li>There is another <a href="http://libgdome-cpp.berlios.de/">C++ wrapper
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1572	based on the gdome2 bindings</a> maintained by Tobias Peters.</li>
Daniel Veillard	9b6fd30	2002-05-13 12:06:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1573	<li>and a third C++ wrapper by Peter Jones <pjones@pmade.org>
				1574	<p>Website: <a
				1575	href="http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/">http://pmade.org/pjones/software/xmlwrapp/</a></p>
				1576	</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1577	<li><a
				1578	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/2001-March/msg00014.html">Matt
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1579	Sergeant</a> developed <a
				1580	href="http://axkit.org/download/">XML::LibXSLT</a>, a Perl wrapper for
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1581	libxml2/libxslt as part of the <a href="http://axkit.com/">AxKit XML
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1582	application server</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	2147367	2002-06-17 07:29:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1583	<li><a href="mailto:dkuhlman@cutter.rexx.com">Dave Kuhlman</a> provides an
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1584	earlier version of the libxml/libxslt <a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1585	href="http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman">wrappers for Python</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	2147367	2002-06-17 07:29:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1586	<li>Gopal.V and Peter Minten develop <a
				1587	href="http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/libxmlsharp">libxml#</a>, a set of
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1588	C# libxml2 bindings.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1589	<li>Petr Kozelka provides <a
				1590	href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libxml2-pas">Pascal units to glue
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1591	libxml2</a> with Kylix, Delphi and other Pascal compilers.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b2fb8ed	2002-04-01 09:33:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1592	<li>Uwe Fechner also provides <a
				1593	href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/idom2-pas/">idom2</a>, a DOM2
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1594	implementation for Kylix2/D5/D6 from Borland.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1595	<li>Wai-Sun "Squidster" Chia provides <a
				1596	href="http://www.rubycolor.org/arc/redist/">bindings for Ruby</a> and
				1597	libxml2 bindings are also available in Ruby through the <a
				1598	href="http://libgdome-ruby.berlios.de/">libgdome-ruby</a> module
				1599	maintained by Tobias Peters.</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1600	<li>Steve Ball and contributors maintains <a
				1601	href="http://tclxml.sourceforge.net/">libxml2 and libxslt bindings for
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1602	Tcl</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1603	<li>There is support for libxml2 in the DOM module of PHP.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1604	</ul>
				1605
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1606	<p>The distribution includes a set of Python bindings, which are guaranteed
				1607	to be maintained as part of the library in the future, though the Python
Daniel Veillard	0b79dfe	2002-02-23 13:02:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1608	interface have not yet reached the maturity of the C API.</p>
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1609
Daniel Veillard	27907c7	2002-12-16 16:05:58 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1610	<p><a href="mailto:stephane.bidoul@softwareag.com">Stéphane Bidoul</a>
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1611	maintains <a href="http://users.skynet.be/sbi/libxml-python/">a Windows port
				1612	of the Python bindings</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1613
Daniel Veillard	7ef0fcb	2002-12-14 10:38:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1614	<p>Note to people interested in building bindings, the API is formalized as
				1615	<a href="libxml2-api.xml">an XML API description file</a> which allows to
				1616	automate a large part of the Python bindings, this includes function
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1617	descriptions, enums, structures, typedefs, etc... The Python script used to
				1618	build the bindings is python/generator.py in the source distribution.</p>
Daniel Veillard	7ef0fcb	2002-12-14 10:38:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1619
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1620	<p>To install the Python bindings there are 2 options:</p>
Daniel Veillard	0b79dfe	2002-02-23 13:02:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1621	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1622	<li>If you use an RPM based distribution, simply install the <a
				1623	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=libxml2-python">libxml2-python
				1624	RPM</a> (and if needed the <a
				1625	href="http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=libxslt-python">libxslt-python
				1626	RPM</a>).</li>
				1627	<li>Otherwise use the <a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/python/">libxml2-python
				1628	module distribution</a> corresponding to your installed version of
				1629	libxml2 and libxslt. Note that to install it you will need both libxml2
				1630	and libxslt installed and run "python setup.py build install" in the
				1631	module tree.</li>
Daniel Veillard	0b79dfe	2002-02-23 13:02:31 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1632	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1633
				1634	<p>The distribution includes a set of examples and regression tests for the
				1635	python bindings in the <code>python/tests</code> directory. Here are some
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1636	excerpts from those tests:</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1637
				1638	<h3>tst.py:</h3>
				1639
				1640	<p>This is a basic test of the file interface and DOM navigation:</p>
				1641	<pre>import libxml2
				1642
				1643	doc = libxml2.parseFile("tst.xml")
				1644	if doc.name != "tst.xml":
				1645	print "doc.name failed"
				1646	sys.exit(1)
				1647	root = doc.children
				1648	if root.name != "doc":
				1649	print "root.name failed"
				1650	sys.exit(1)
				1651	child = root.children
				1652	if child.name != "foo":
				1653	print "child.name failed"
				1654	sys.exit(1)
				1655	doc.freeDoc()</pre>
				1656
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1657	<p>The Python module is called libxml2; parseFile is the equivalent of
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1658	xmlParseFile (most of the bindings are automatically generated, and the xml
				1659	prefix is removed and the casing convention are kept). All node seen at the
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1660	binding level share the same subset of accessors:</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1661	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1662	<li><code>name</code> : returns the node name</li>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1663	<li><code>type</code> : returns a string indicating the node type</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1664	<li><code>content</code> : returns the content of the node, it is based on
				1665	xmlNodeGetContent() and hence is recursive.</li>
				1666	<li><code>parent</code> , <code>children</code>, <code>last</code>,
				1667	<code>next</code>, <code>prev</code>, <code>doc</code>,
				1668	<code>properties</code>: pointing to the associated element in the tree,
				1669	those may return None in case no such link exists.</li>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1670	</ul>
				1671
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1672	<p>Also note the need to explicitly deallocate documents with freeDoc() .
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1673	Reference counting for libxml2 trees would need quite a lot of work to
				1674	function properly, and rather than risk memory leaks if not implemented
				1675	correctly it sounds safer to have an explicit function to free a tree. The
				1676	wrapper python objects like doc, root or child are them automatically garbage
				1677	collected.</p>
				1678
				1679	<h3>validate.py:</h3>
				1680
				1681	<p>This test check the validation interfaces and redirection of error
				1682	messages:</p>
				1683	<pre>import libxml2
				1684
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1685	#deactivate error messages from the validation
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1686	def noerr(ctx, str):
				1687	pass
				1688
				1689	libxml2.registerErrorHandler(noerr, None)
				1690
				1691	ctxt = libxml2.createFileParserCtxt("invalid.xml")
				1692	ctxt.validate(1)
				1693	ctxt.parseDocument()
				1694	doc = ctxt.doc()
				1695	valid = ctxt.isValid()
				1696	doc.freeDoc()
				1697	if valid != 0:
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1698	print "validity check failed"</pre>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1699
				1700	<p>The first thing to notice is the call to registerErrorHandler(), it
				1701	defines a new error handler global to the library. It is used to avoid seeing
				1702	the error messages when trying to validate the invalid document.</p>
				1703
				1704	<p>The main interest of that test is the creation of a parser context with
				1705	createFileParserCtxt() and how the behaviour can be changed before calling
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1706	parseDocument() . Similarly the informations resulting from the parsing phase
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1707	are also available using context methods.</p>
				1708
				1709	<p>Contexts like nodes are defined as class and the libxml2 wrappers maps the
				1710	C function interfaces in terms of objects method as much as possible. The
				1711	best to get a complete view of what methods are supported is to look at the
				1712	libxml2.py module containing all the wrappers.</p>
				1713
				1714	<h3>push.py:</h3>
				1715
				1716	<p>This test show how to activate the push parser interface:</p>
				1717	<pre>import libxml2
				1718
				1719	ctxt = libxml2.createPushParser(None, "<foo", 4, "test.xml")
				1720	ctxt.parseChunk("/>", 2, 1)
				1721	doc = ctxt.doc()
				1722
				1723	doc.freeDoc()</pre>
				1724
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1725	<p>The context is created with a special call based on the
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1726	xmlCreatePushParser() from the C library. The first argument is an optional
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1727	SAX callback object, then the initial set of data, the length and the name of
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1728	the resource in case URI-References need to be computed by the parser.</p>
				1729
				1730	<p>Then the data are pushed using the parseChunk() method, the last call
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1731	setting the third argument terminate to 1.</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1732
				1733	<h3>pushSAX.py:</h3>
				1734
				1735	<p>this test show the use of the event based parsing interfaces. In this case
				1736	the parser does not build a document, but provides callback information as
				1737	the parser makes progresses analyzing the data being provided:</p>
				1738	<pre>import libxml2
				1739	log = ""
				1740
				1741	class callback:
				1742	def startDocument(self):
				1743	global log
				1744	log = log + "startDocument:"
				1745
				1746	def endDocument(self):
				1747	global log
				1748	log = log + "endDocument:"
				1749
				1750	def startElement(self, tag, attrs):
				1751	global log
				1752	log = log + "startElement %s %s:" % (tag, attrs)
				1753
				1754	def endElement(self, tag):
				1755	global log
				1756	log = log + "endElement %s:" % (tag)
				1757
				1758	def characters(self, data):
				1759	global log
				1760	log = log + "characters: %s:" % (data)
				1761
				1762	def warning(self, msg):
				1763	global log
				1764	log = log + "warning: %s:" % (msg)
				1765
				1766	def error(self, msg):
				1767	global log
				1768	log = log + "error: %s:" % (msg)
				1769
				1770	def fatalError(self, msg):
				1771	global log
				1772	log = log + "fatalError: %s:" % (msg)
				1773
				1774	handler = callback()
				1775
				1776	ctxt = libxml2.createPushParser(handler, "<foo", 4, "test.xml")
				1777	chunk = " url='tst'>b"
				1778	ctxt.parseChunk(chunk, len(chunk), 0)
				1779	chunk = "ar</foo>"
				1780	ctxt.parseChunk(chunk, len(chunk), 1)
				1781
Daniel Veillard	fcbfa2d	2002-02-21 17:54:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1782	reference = "startDocument:startElement foo {'url': 'tst'}:" + \
				1783	"characters: bar:endElement foo:endDocument:"
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1784	if log != reference:
				1785	print "Error got: %s" % log
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1786	print "Expected: %s" % reference</pre>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1787
				1788	<p>The key object in that test is the handler, it provides a number of entry
				1789	points which can be called by the parser as it makes progresses to indicate
				1790	the information set obtained. The full set of callback is larger than what
				1791	the callback class in that specific example implements (see the SAX
				1792	definition for a complete list). The wrapper will only call those supplied by
				1793	the object when activated. The startElement receives the names of the element
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1794	and a dictionary containing the attributes carried by this element.</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1795
				1796	<p>Also note that the reference string generated from the callback shows a
				1797	single character call even though the string "bar" is passed to the parser
				1798	from 2 different call to parseChunk()</p>
				1799
				1800	<h3>xpath.py:</h3>
				1801
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1802	<p>This is a basic test of XPath wrappers support</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1803	<pre>import libxml2
				1804
				1805	doc = libxml2.parseFile("tst.xml")
				1806	ctxt = doc.xpathNewContext()
				1807	res = ctxt.xpathEval("//*")
				1808	if len(res) != 2:
				1809	print "xpath query: wrong node set size"
				1810	sys.exit(1)
				1811	if res[0].name != "doc" or res[1].name != "foo":
				1812	print "xpath query: wrong node set value"
				1813	sys.exit(1)
				1814	doc.freeDoc()
				1815	ctxt.xpathFreeContext()</pre>
				1816
				1817	<p>This test parses a file, then create an XPath context to evaluate XPath
				1818	expression on it. The xpathEval() method execute an XPath query and returns
				1819	the result mapped in a Python way. String and numbers are natively converted,
				1820	and node sets are returned as a tuple of libxml2 Python nodes wrappers. Like
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1821	the document, the XPath context need to be freed explicitly, also not that
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1822	the result of the XPath query may point back to the document tree and hence
				1823	the document must be freed after the result of the query is used.</p>
				1824
				1825	<h3>xpathext.py:</h3>
				1826
				1827	<p>This test shows how to extend the XPath engine with functions written in
				1828	python:</p>
				1829	<pre>import libxml2
				1830
				1831	def foo(ctx, x):
				1832	return x + 1
				1833
				1834	doc = libxml2.parseFile("tst.xml")
				1835	ctxt = doc.xpathNewContext()
				1836	libxml2.registerXPathFunction(ctxt._o, "foo", None, foo)
				1837	res = ctxt.xpathEval("foo(1)")
				1838	if res != 2:
				1839	print "xpath extension failure"
				1840	doc.freeDoc()
				1841	ctxt.xpathFreeContext()</pre>
				1842
				1843	<p>Note how the extension function is registered with the context (but that
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1844	part is not yet finalized, this may change slightly in the future).</p>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1845
				1846	<h3>tstxpath.py:</h3>
				1847
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1848	<p>This test is similar to the previous one but shows how the extension
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1849	function can access the XPath evaluation context:</p>
				1850	<pre>def foo(ctx, x):
				1851	global called
				1852
				1853	#
				1854	# test that access to the XPath evaluation contexts
				1855	#
				1856	pctxt = libxml2.xpathParserContext(_obj=ctx)
				1857	ctxt = pctxt.context()
				1858	called = ctxt.function()
				1859	return x + 1</pre>
				1860
				1861	<p>All the interfaces around the XPath parser(or rather evaluation) context
				1862	are not finalized, but it should be sufficient to do contextual work at the
				1863	evaluation point.</p>
				1864
				1865	<h3>Memory debugging:</h3>
				1866
				1867	<p>last but not least, all tests starts with the following prologue:</p>
				1868	<pre>#memory debug specific
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1869	libxml2.debugMemory(1)</pre>
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1870
				1871	<p>and ends with the following epilogue:</p>
				1872	<pre>#memory debug specific
				1873	libxml2.cleanupParser()
				1874	if libxml2.debugMemory(1) == 0:
				1875	print "OK"
				1876	else:
				1877	print "Memory leak %d bytes" % (libxml2.debugMemory(1))
				1878	libxml2.dumpMemory()</pre>
				1879
				1880	<p>Those activate the memory debugging interface of libxml2 where all
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1881	allocated block in the library are tracked. The prologue then cleans up the
Daniel Veillard	6dbcaf8	2002-02-20 14:37:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1882	library state and checks that all allocated memory has been freed. If not it
				1883	calls dumpMemory() which saves that list in a <code>.memdump</code> file.</p>
Daniel Veillard	8268716	2001-01-22 15:32:01 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1884
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1885	<h2><a name="architecture">libxml architecture</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1886
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1887	<p>Libxml is made of multiple components; some of them are optional, and most
				1888	of the block interfaces are public. The main components are:</p>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1889	<ul>
				1890	<li>an Input/Output layer</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1891	<li>FTP and HTTP client layers (optional)</li>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1892	<li>an Internationalization layer managing the encodings support</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1893	<li>a URI module</li>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1894	<li>the XML parser and its basic SAX interface</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1895	<li>an HTML parser using the same SAX interface (optional)</li>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1896	<li>a SAX tree module to build an in-memory DOM representation</li>
				1897	<li>a tree module to manipulate the DOM representation</li>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1898	<li>a validation module using the DOM representation (optional)</li>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1899	<li>an XPath module for global lookup in a DOM representation
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1900	(optional)</li>
				1901	<li>a debug module (optional)</li>
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1902	</ul>
				1903
				1904	<p>Graphically this gives the following:</p>
				1905
				1906	<p><img src="libxml.gif" alt="a graphical view of the various"></p>
				1907
				1908	<p></p>
				1909
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1910	<h2><a name="tree">The tree output</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1911
				1912	<p>The parser returns a tree built during the document analysis. The value
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1913	returned is an <strong>xmlDocPtr</strong> (i.e., a pointer to an
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1914	<strong>xmlDoc</strong> structure). This structure contains information such
Daniel Veillard	306be99	2000-07-03 12:38:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1915	as the file name, the document type, and a <strong>children</strong> pointer
				1916	which is the root of the document (or more exactly the first child under the
				1917	root which is the document). The tree is made of <strong>xmlNode</strong>s,
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1918	chained in double-linked lists of siblings and with a children<->parent
Daniel Veillard	306be99	2000-07-03 12:38:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1919	relationship. An xmlNode can also carry properties (a chain of xmlAttr
				1920	structures). An attribute may have a value which is a list of TEXT or
				1921	ENTITY_REF nodes.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1922
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1923	<p>Here is an example (erroneous with respect to the XML spec since there
				1924	should be only one ELEMENT under the root):</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1925
				1926	<p><img src="structure.gif" alt=" structure.gif "></p>
				1927
				1928	<p>In the source package there is a small program (not installed by default)
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1929	called <strong>xmllint</strong> which parses XML files given as argument and
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1930	prints them back as parsed. This is useful for detecting errors both in XML
				1931	code and in the XML parser itself. It has an option <strong>--debug</strong>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1932	which prints the actual in-memory structure of the document; here is the
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1933	result with the <a href="#example">example</a> given before:</p>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1934	<pre>DOCUMENT
				1935	version=1.0
				1936	standalone=true
				1937	ELEMENT EXAMPLE
				1938	ATTRIBUTE prop1
				1939	TEXT
				1940	content=gnome is great
				1941	ATTRIBUTE prop2
				1942	ENTITY_REF
				1943	TEXT
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1944	content= linux too
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1945	ELEMENT head
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1946	ELEMENT title
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1947	TEXT
				1948	content=Welcome to Gnome
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1949	ELEMENT chapter
				1950	ELEMENT title
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1951	TEXT
				1952	content=The Linux adventure
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1953	ELEMENT p
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1954	TEXT
				1955	content=bla bla bla ...
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1956	ELEMENT image
				1957	ATTRIBUTE href
				1958	TEXT
				1959	content=linus.gif
				1960	ELEMENT p
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1961	TEXT
				1962	content=...</pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1963
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1964	<p>This should be useful for learning the internal representation model.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1965
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1966	<h2><a name="interface">The SAX interface</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1967
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1968	<p>Sometimes the DOM tree output is just too large to fit reasonably into
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1969	memory. In that case (and if you don't expect to save back the XML document
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1970	loaded using libxml), it's better to use the SAX interface of libxml. SAX is
				1971	a <strong>callback-based interface</strong> to the parser. Before parsing,
				1972	the application layer registers a customized set of callbacks which are
				1973	called by the library as it progresses through the XML input.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1974
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1975	<p>To get more detailed step-by-step guidance on using the SAX interface of
Daniel Veillard	4540be4	2000-08-19 16:40:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1976	libxml, see the <a
				1977	href="http://www.daa.com.au/~james/gnome/xml-sax/xml-sax.html">nice
				1978	documentation</a>.written by <a href="mailto:james@daa.com.au">James
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1979	Henstridge</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1980
				1981	<p>You can debug the SAX behaviour by using the <strong>testSAX</strong>
				1982	program located in the gnome-xml module (it's usually not shipped in the
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1983	binary packages of libxml, but you can find it in the tar source
Daniel Veillard	402e8c8	2000-02-29 22:57:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1984	distribution). Here is the sequence of callbacks that would be reported by
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1985	testSAX when parsing the example XML document shown earlier:</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	1986	<pre>SAX.setDocumentLocator()
				1987	SAX.startDocument()
				1988	SAX.getEntity(amp)
				1989	SAX.startElement(EXAMPLE, prop1='gnome is great', prop2='&amp; linux too')
				1990	SAX.characters( , 3)
				1991	SAX.startElement(head)
				1992	SAX.characters( , 4)
				1993	SAX.startElement(title)
				1994	SAX.characters(Welcome to Gnome, 16)
				1995	SAX.endElement(title)
				1996	SAX.characters( , 3)
				1997	SAX.endElement(head)
				1998	SAX.characters( , 3)
				1999	SAX.startElement(chapter)
				2000	SAX.characters( , 4)
				2001	SAX.startElement(title)
				2002	SAX.characters(The Linux adventure, 19)
				2003	SAX.endElement(title)
				2004	SAX.characters( , 4)
				2005	SAX.startElement(p)
				2006	SAX.characters(bla bla bla ..., 15)
				2007	SAX.endElement(p)
				2008	SAX.characters( , 4)
				2009	SAX.startElement(image, href='linus.gif')
				2010	SAX.endElement(image)
				2011	SAX.characters( , 4)
				2012	SAX.startElement(p)
				2013	SAX.characters(..., 3)
				2014	SAX.endElement(p)
				2015	SAX.characters( , 3)
				2016	SAX.endElement(chapter)
				2017	SAX.characters( , 1)
				2018	SAX.endElement(EXAMPLE)
				2019	SAX.endDocument()</pre>
				2020
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2021	<p>Most of the other interfaces of libxml are based on the DOM tree-building
				2022	facility, so nearly everything up to the end of this document presupposes the
				2023	use of the standard DOM tree build. Note that the DOM tree itself is built by
				2024	a set of registered default callbacks, without internal specific
				2025	interface.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2026
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2027	<h2><a name="Validation">Validation & DTDs</a></h2>
				2028
				2029	<p>Table of Content:</p>
				2030	<ol>
				2031	<li><a href="#General5">General overview</a></li>
				2032	<li><a href="#definition">The definition</a></li>
				2033	<li><a href="#Simple">Simple rules</a>
				2034	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2035	<li><a href="#reference">How to reference a DTD from a document</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2036	<li><a href="#Declaring">Declaring elements</a></li>
				2037	<li><a href="#Declaring1">Declaring attributes</a></li>
				2038	</ol>
				2039	</li>
				2040	<li><a href="#Some">Some examples</a></li>
				2041	<li><a href="#validate">How to validate</a></li>
				2042	<li><a href="#Other">Other resources</a></li>
				2043	</ol>
				2044
				2045	<h3><a name="General5">General overview</a></h3>
				2046
				2047	<p>Well what is validation and what is a DTD ?</p>
				2048
				2049	<p>DTD is the acronym for Document Type Definition. This is a description of
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2050	the content for a family of XML files. This is part of the XML 1.0
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2051	specification, and allows one to describe and verify that a given document
				2052	instance conforms to the set of rules detailing its structure and content.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2053
				2054	<p>Validation is the process of checking a document against a DTD (more
				2055	generally against a set of construction rules).</p>
				2056
				2057	<p>The validation process and building DTDs are the two most difficult parts
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2058	of the XML life cycle. Briefly a DTD defines all the possible elements to be
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2059	found within your document, what is the formal shape of your document tree
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2060	(by defining the allowed content of an element; either text, a regular
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2061	expression for the allowed list of children, or mixed content i.e. both text
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2062	and children). The DTD also defines the valid attributes for all elements and
				2063	the types of those attributes.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2064
				2065	<h3><a name="definition1">The definition</a></h3>
				2066
				2067	<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml">W3C XML Recommendation</a> (<a
				2068	href="http://www.xml.com/axml/axml.html">Tim Bray's annotated version of
				2069	Rev1</a>):</p>
				2070	<ul>
				2071	<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#elemdecls">Declaring
				2072	elements</a></li>
				2073	<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#attdecls">Declaring
				2074	attributes</a></li>
				2075	</ul>
				2076
				2077	<p>(unfortunately) all this is inherited from the SGML world, the syntax is
				2078	ancient...</p>
				2079
				2080	<h3><a name="Simple1">Simple rules</a></h3>
				2081
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2082	<p>Writing DTDs can be done in many ways. The rules to build them if you need
				2083	something permanent or something which can evolve over time can be radically
				2084	different. Really complex DTDs like DocBook ones are flexible but quite
				2085	harder to design. I will just focus on DTDs for a formats with a fixed simple
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2086	structure. It is just a set of basic rules, and definitely not exhaustive nor
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2087	usable for complex DTD design.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2088
				2089	<h4><a name="reference1">How to reference a DTD from a document</a>:</h4>
				2090
				2091	<p>Assuming the top element of the document is <code>spec</code> and the dtd
				2092	is placed in the file <code>mydtd</code> in the subdirectory
				2093	<code>dtds</code> of the directory from where the document were loaded:</p>
				2094
				2095	<p><code><!DOCTYPE spec SYSTEM "dtds/mydtd"></code></p>
				2096
				2097	<p>Notes:</p>
				2098	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2099	<li>The system string is actually an URI-Reference (as defined in <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2100	href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC 2396</a>) so you can use a
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2101	full URL string indicating the location of your DTD on the Web. This is a
				2102	really good thing to do if you want others to validate your document.</li>
				2103	<li>It is also possible to associate a <code>PUBLIC</code> identifier (a
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2104	magic string) so that the DTD is looked up in catalogs on the client side
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2105	without having to locate it on the web.</li>
				2106	<li>A DTD contains a set of element and attribute declarations, but they
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2107	don't define what the root of the document should be. This is explicitly
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2108	told to the parser/validator as the first element of the
				2109	<code>DOCTYPE</code> declaration.</li>
				2110	</ul>
				2111
				2112	<h4><a name="Declaring2">Declaring elements</a>:</h4>
				2113
				2114	<p>The following declares an element <code>spec</code>:</p>
				2115
				2116	<p><code><!ELEMENT spec (front, body, back?)></code></p>
				2117
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2118	<p>It also expresses that the spec element contains one <code>front</code>,
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2119	one <code>body</code> and one optional <code>back</code> children elements in
				2120	this order. The declaration of one element of the structure and its content
				2121	are done in a single declaration. Similarly the following declares
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2122	<code>div1</code> elements:</p>
				2123
Daniel Veillard	5173727	2002-01-23 23:10:38 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2124	<p><code><!ELEMENT div1 (head, (p \| list \| note)*, div2?)></code></p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2125
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2126	<p>which means div1 contains one <code>head</code> then a series of optional
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2127	<code>p</code>, <code>list</code>s and <code>note</code>s and then an
				2128	optional <code>div2</code>. And last but not least an element can contain
				2129	text:</p>
				2130
				2131	<p><code><!ELEMENT b (#PCDATA)></code></p>
				2132
				2133	<p><code>b</code> contains text or being of mixed content (text and elements
				2134	in no particular order):</p>
				2135
				2136	<p><code><!ELEMENT p (#PCDATA\|a\|ul\|b\|i\|em)*></code></p>
				2137
				2138	<p><code>p </code>can contain text or <code>a</code>, <code>ul</code>,
				2139	<code>b</code>, <code>i </code>or <code>em</code> elements in no particular
				2140	order.</p>
				2141
				2142	<h4><a name="Declaring1">Declaring attributes</a>:</h4>
				2143
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2144	<p>Again the attributes declaration includes their content definition:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2145
				2146	<p><code><!ATTLIST termdef name CDATA #IMPLIED></code></p>
				2147
				2148	<p>means that the element <code>termdef</code> can have a <code>name</code>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2149	attribute containing text (<code>CDATA</code>) and which is optional
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2150	(<code>#IMPLIED</code>). The attribute value can also be defined within a
				2151	set:</p>
				2152
				2153	<p><code><!ATTLIST list type (bullets\|ordered\|glossary)
				2154	"ordered"></code></p>
				2155
				2156	<p>means <code>list</code> element have a <code>type</code> attribute with 3
				2157	allowed values "bullets", "ordered" or "glossary" and which default to
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2158	"ordered" if the attribute is not explicitly specified.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2159
				2160	<p>The content type of an attribute can be text (<code>CDATA</code>),
				2161	anchor/reference/references
				2162	(<code>ID</code>/<code>IDREF</code>/<code>IDREFS</code>), entity(ies)
				2163	(<code>ENTITY</code>/<code>ENTITIES</code>) or name(s)
				2164	(<code>NMTOKEN</code>/<code>NMTOKENS</code>). The following defines that a
				2165	<code>chapter</code> element can have an optional <code>id</code> attribute
				2166	of type <code>ID</code>, usable for reference from attribute of type
				2167	IDREF:</p>
				2168
				2169	<p><code><!ATTLIST chapter id ID #IMPLIED></code></p>
				2170
				2171	<p>The last value of an attribute definition can be <code>#REQUIRED
				2172	</code>meaning that the attribute has to be given, <code>#IMPLIED</code>
				2173	meaning that it is optional, or the default value (possibly prefixed by
				2174	<code>#FIXED</code> if it is the only allowed).</p>
				2175
				2176	<p>Notes:</p>
				2177	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2178	<li>Usually the attributes pertaining to a given element are declared in a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2179	single expression, but it is just a convention adopted by a lot of DTD
				2180	writers:
				2181	<pre><!ATTLIST termdef
				2182	id ID #REQUIRED
				2183	name CDATA #IMPLIED></pre>
				2184	<p>The previous construct defines both <code>id</code> and
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2185	<code>name</code> attributes for the element <code>termdef</code>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2186	</li>
				2187	</ul>
				2188
				2189	<h3><a name="Some1">Some examples</a></h3>
				2190
				2191	<p>The directory <code>test/valid/dtds/</code> in the libxml distribution
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2192	contains some complex DTD examples. The example in the file
				2193	<code>test/valid/dia.xml</code> shows an XML file where the simple DTD is
				2194	directly included within the document.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2195
				2196	<h3><a name="validate1">How to validate</a></h3>
				2197
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2198	<p>The simplest way is to use the xmllint program included with libxml. The
				2199	<code>--valid</code> option turns-on validation of the files given as input.
				2200	For example the following validates a copy of the first revision of the XML
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2201	1.0 specification:</p>
				2202
				2203	<p><code>xmllint --valid --noout test/valid/REC-xml-19980210.xml</code></p>
				2204
Daniel Veillard	0b28e88	2002-07-24 23:47:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2205	<p>the -- noout is used to disable output of the resulting tree.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2206
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2207	<p>The <code>--dtdvalid dtd</code> allows validation of the document(s)
				2208	against a given DTD.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2209
				2210	<p>Libxml exports an API to handle DTDs and validation, check the <a
				2211	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-valid.html">associated
				2212	description</a>.</p>
				2213
				2214	<h3><a name="Other1">Other resources</a></h3>
				2215
				2216	<p>DTDs are as old as SGML. So there may be a number of examples on-line, I
				2217	will just list one for now, others pointers welcome:</p>
				2218	<ul>
				2219	<li><a href="http://www.xml101.com:8081/dtd/">XML-101 DTD</a></li>
				2220	</ul>
				2221
				2222	<p>I suggest looking at the examples found under test/valid/dtd and any of
				2223	the large number of books available on XML. The dia example in test/valid
				2224	should be both simple and complete enough to allow you to build your own.</p>
				2225
				2226	<p></p>
				2227
				2228	<h2><a name="Memory">Memory Management</a></h2>
				2229
				2230	<p>Table of Content:</p>
				2231	<ol>
				2232	<li><a href="#General3">General overview</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2233	<li><a href="#setting">Setting libxml set of memory routines</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2234	<li><a href="#cleanup">Cleaning up after parsing</a></li>
				2235	<li><a href="#Debugging">Debugging routines</a></li>
				2236	<li><a href="#General4">General memory requirements</a></li>
				2237	</ol>
				2238
				2239	<h3><a name="General3">General overview</a></h3>
				2240
				2241	<p>The module <code><a
				2242	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlmemory.h</a></code>
				2243	provides the interfaces to the libxml memory system:</p>
				2244	<ul>
				2245	<li>libxml does not use the libc memory allocator directly but xmlFree(),
				2246	xmlMalloc() and xmlRealloc()</li>
				2247	<li>those routines can be reallocated to a specific set of routine, by
				2248	default the libc ones i.e. free(), malloc() and realloc()</li>
				2249	<li>the xmlmemory.c module includes a set of debugging routine</li>
				2250	</ul>
				2251
				2252	<h3><a name="setting">Setting libxml set of memory routines</a></h3>
				2253
				2254	<p>It is sometimes useful to not use the default memory allocator, either for
				2255	debugging, analysis or to implement a specific behaviour on memory management
				2256	(like on embedded systems). Two function calls are available to do so:</p>
				2257	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2258	<li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlMemGet
				2259	()</a> which return the current set of functions in use by the parser</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2260	<li><a
				2261	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlMemSetup()</a>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2262	which allow to set up a new set of memory allocation functions</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2263	</ul>
				2264
				2265	<p>Of course a call to xmlMemSetup() should probably be done before calling
				2266	any other libxml routines (unless you are sure your allocations routines are
				2267	compatibles).</p>
				2268
				2269	<h3><a name="cleanup">Cleaning up after parsing</a></h3>
				2270
				2271	<p>Libxml is not stateless, there is a few set of memory structures needing
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2272	allocation before the parser is fully functional (some encoding structures
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2273	for example). This also mean that once parsing is finished there is a tiny
				2274	amount of memory (a few hundred bytes) which can be recollected if you don't
				2275	reuse the parser immediately:</p>
				2276	<ul>
				2277	<li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html">xmlCleanupParser
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2278	()</a> is a centralized routine to free the parsing states. Note that it
				2279	won't deallocate any produced tree if any (use the xmlFreeDoc() and
				2280	related routines for this).</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2281	<li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-parser.html">xmlInitParser
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2282	()</a> is the dual routine allowing to preallocate the parsing state
				2283	which can be useful for example to avoid initialization reentrancy
				2284	problems when using libxml in multithreaded applications</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2285	</ul>
				2286
				2287	<p>Generally xmlCleanupParser() is safe, if needed the state will be rebuild
				2288	at the next invocation of parser routines, but be careful of the consequences
				2289	in multithreaded applications.</p>
				2290
				2291	<h3><a name="Debugging">Debugging routines</a></h3>
				2292
				2293	<p>When configured using --with-mem-debug flag (off by default), libxml uses
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2294	a set of memory allocation debugging routines keeping track of all allocated
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2295	blocks and the location in the code where the routine was called. A couple of
				2296	other debugging routines allow to dump the memory allocated infos to a file
				2297	or call a specific routine when a given block number is allocated:</p>
				2298	<ul>
				2299	<li><a
				2300	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlMallocLoc()</a>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2301	<a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2302	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlReallocLoc()</a>
				2303	and <a
				2304	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlMemStrdupLoc()</a>
				2305	are the memory debugging replacement allocation routines</li>
				2306	<li><a href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlmemory.html">xmlMemoryDump
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2307	()</a> dumps all the informations about the allocated memory block lefts
				2308	in the <code>.memdump</code> file</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2309	</ul>
				2310
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2311	<p>When developing libxml memory debug is enabled, the tests programs call
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2312	xmlMemoryDump () and the "make test" regression tests will check for any
				2313	memory leak during the full regression test sequence, this helps a lot
				2314	ensuring that libxml does not leak memory and bullet proof memory
				2315	allocations use (some libc implementations are known to be far too permissive
				2316	resulting in major portability problems!).</p>
				2317
				2318	<p>If the .memdump reports a leak, it displays the allocation function and
				2319	also tries to give some informations about the content and structure of the
				2320	allocated blocks left. This is sufficient in most cases to find the culprit,
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2321	but not always. Assuming the allocation problem is reproducible, it is
				2322	possible to find more easily:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2323	<ol>
				2324	<li>write down the block number xxxx not allocated</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2325	<li>export the environment variable XML_MEM_BREAKPOINT=xxxx , the easiest
Daniel Veillard	7579482	2002-04-11 16:24:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2326	when using GDB is to simply give the command
				2327	<p><code>set environment XML_MEM_BREAKPOINT xxxx</code></p>
				2328	<p>before running the program.</p>
				2329	</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2330	<li>run the program under a debugger and set a breakpoint on
				2331	xmlMallocBreakpoint() a specific function called when this precise block
				2332	is allocated</li>
				2333	<li>when the breakpoint is reached you can then do a fine analysis of the
				2334	allocation an step to see the condition resulting in the missing
				2335	deallocation.</li>
				2336	</ol>
				2337
				2338	<p>I used to use a commercial tool to debug libxml memory problems but after
				2339	noticing that it was not detecting memory leaks that simple mechanism was
Daniel Veillard	7579482	2002-04-11 16:24:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2340	used and proved extremely efficient until now. Lately I have also used <a
				2341	href="http://developer.kde.org/~sewardj/">valgrind</a> with quite some
				2342	success, it is tied to the i386 architecture since it works by emulating the
				2343	processor and instruction set, it is slow but extremely efficient, i.e. it
				2344	spot memory usage errors in a very precise way.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2345
				2346	<h3><a name="General4">General memory requirements</a></h3>
				2347
				2348	<p>How much libxml memory require ? It's hard to tell in average it depends
				2349	of a number of things:</p>
				2350	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2351	<li>the parser itself should work in a fixed amount of memory, except for
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2352	information maintained about the stacks of names and entities locations.
				2353	The I/O and encoding handlers will probably account for a few KBytes.
				2354	This is true for both the XML and HTML parser (though the HTML parser
				2355	need more state).</li>
				2356	<li>If you are generating the DOM tree then memory requirements will grow
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2357	nearly linear with the size of the data. In general for a balanced
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2358	textual document the internal memory requirement is about 4 times the
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2359	size of the UTF8 serialization of this document (example the XML-1.0
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2360	recommendation is a bit more of 150KBytes and takes 650KBytes of main
				2361	memory when parsed). Validation will add a amount of memory required for
				2362	maintaining the external Dtd state which should be linear with the
				2363	complexity of the content model defined by the Dtd</li>
				2364	<li>If you don't care about the advanced features of libxml like
				2365	validation, DOM, XPath or XPointer, but really need to work fixed memory
				2366	requirements, then the SAX interface should be used.</li>
				2367	</ul>
				2368
				2369	<p></p>
				2370
				2371	<h2><a name="Encodings">Encodings support</a></h2>
				2372
				2373	<p>Table of Content:</p>
				2374	<ol>
				2375	<li><a href="encoding.html#What">What does internationalization support
				2376	mean ?</a></li>
				2377	<li><a href="encoding.html#internal">The internal encoding, how and
				2378	why</a></li>
				2379	<li><a href="encoding.html#implemente">How is it implemented ?</a></li>
				2380	<li><a href="encoding.html#Default">Default supported encodings</a></li>
				2381	<li><a href="encoding.html#extend">How to extend the existing
				2382	support</a></li>
				2383	</ol>
				2384
				2385	<h3><a name="What">What does internationalization support mean ?</a></h3>
				2386
				2387	<p>XML was designed from the start to allow the support of any character set
				2388	by using Unicode. Any conformant XML parser has to support the UTF-8 and
				2389	UTF-16 default encodings which can both express the full unicode ranges. UTF8
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2390	is a variable length encoding whose greatest points are to reuse the same
				2391	encoding for ASCII and to save space for Western encodings, but it is a bit
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2392	more complex to handle in practice. UTF-16 use 2 bytes per characters (and
				2393	sometimes combines two pairs), it makes implementation easier, but looks a
				2394	bit overkill for Western languages encoding. Moreover the XML specification
				2395	allows document to be encoded in other encodings at the condition that they
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2396	are clearly labeled as such. For example the following is a wellformed XML
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2397	document encoded in ISO-8859 1 and using accentuated letter that we French
				2398	likes for both markup and content:</p>
				2399	<pre><?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
				2400	<très>là</très></pre>
				2401
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2402	<p>Having internationalization support in libxml means the following:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2403	<ul>
				2404	<li>the document is properly parsed</li>
				2405	<li>informations about it's encoding are saved</li>
				2406	<li>it can be modified</li>
				2407	<li>it can be saved in its original encoding</li>
				2408	<li>it can also be saved in another encoding supported by libxml (for
				2409	example straight UTF8 or even an ASCII form)</li>
				2410	</ul>
				2411
				2412	<p>Another very important point is that the whole libxml API, with the
				2413	exception of a few routines to read with a specific encoding or save to a
				2414	specific encoding, is completely agnostic about the original encoding of the
				2415	document.</p>
				2416
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2417	<p>It should be noted too that the HTML parser embedded in libxml now obey
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2418	the same rules too, the following document will be (as of 2.2.2) handled in
				2419	an internationalized fashion by libxml too:</p>
				2420	<pre><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"
				2421	"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
				2422	<html lang="fr">
				2423	<head>
				2424	<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
				2425	</head>
				2426	<body>
				2427	<p>W3C crée des standards pour le Web.</body>
				2428	</html></pre>
				2429
				2430	<h3><a name="internal">The internal encoding, how and why</a></h3>
				2431
				2432	<p>One of the core decision was to force all documents to be converted to a
				2433	default internal encoding, and that encoding to be UTF-8, here are the
				2434	rationale for those choices:</p>
				2435	<ul>
				2436	<li>keeping the native encoding in the internal form would force the libxml
				2437	users (or the code associated) to be fully aware of the encoding of the
				2438	original document, for examples when adding a text node to a document,
				2439	the content would have to be provided in the document encoding, i.e. the
				2440	client code would have to check it before hand, make sure it's conformant
				2441	to the encoding, etc ... Very hard in practice, though in some specific
				2442	cases this may make sense.</li>
				2443	<li>the second decision was which encoding. From the XML spec only UTF8 and
				2444	UTF16 really makes sense as being the two only encodings for which there
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2445	is mandatory support. UCS-4 (32 bits fixed size encoding) could be
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2446	considered an intelligent choice too since it's a direct Unicode mapping
				2447	support. I selected UTF-8 on the basis of efficiency and compatibility
				2448	with surrounding software:
				2449	<ul>
				2450	<li>UTF-8 while a bit more complex to convert from/to (i.e. slightly
				2451	more costly to import and export CPU wise) is also far more compact
				2452	than UTF-16 (and UCS-4) for a majority of the documents I see it used
				2453	for right now (RPM RDF catalogs, advogato data, various configuration
				2454	file formats, etc.) and the key point for today's computer
				2455	architecture is efficient uses of caches. If one nearly double the
				2456	memory requirement to store the same amount of data, this will trash
				2457	caches (main memory/external caches/internal caches) and my take is
				2458	that this harms the system far more than the CPU requirements needed
				2459	for the conversion to UTF-8</li>
				2460	<li>Most of libxml version 1 users were using it with straight ASCII
				2461	most of the time, doing the conversion with an internal encoding
				2462	requiring all their code to be rewritten was a serious show-stopper
				2463	for using UTF-16 or UCS-4.</li>
				2464	<li>UTF-8 is being used as the de-facto internal encoding standard for
				2465	related code like the <a href="http://www.pango.org/">pango</a>
				2466	upcoming Gnome text widget, and a lot of Unix code (yep another place
				2467	where Unix programmer base takes a different approach from Microsoft
				2468	- they are using UTF-16)</li>
				2469	</ul>
				2470	</li>
				2471	</ul>
				2472
				2473	<p>What does this mean in practice for the libxml user:</p>
				2474	<ul>
				2475	<li>xmlChar, the libxml data type is a byte, those bytes must be assembled
				2476	as UTF-8 valid strings. The proper way to terminate an xmlChar * string
				2477	is simply to append 0 byte, as usual.</li>
				2478	<li>One just need to make sure that when using chars outside the ASCII set,
				2479	the values has been properly converted to UTF-8</li>
				2480	</ul>
				2481
				2482	<h3><a name="implemente">How is it implemented ?</a></h3>
				2483
				2484	<p>Let's describe how all this works within libxml, basically the I18N
				2485	(internationalization) support get triggered only during I/O operation, i.e.
				2486	when reading a document or saving one. Let's look first at the reading
				2487	sequence:</p>
				2488	<ol>
				2489	<li>when a document is processed, we usually don't know the encoding, a
				2490	simple heuristic allows to detect UTF-18 and UCS-4 from whose where the
				2491	ASCII range (0-0x7F) maps with ASCII</li>
				2492	<li>the xml declaration if available is parsed, including the encoding
				2493	declaration. At that point, if the autodetected encoding is different
				2494	from the one declared a call to xmlSwitchEncoding() is issued.</li>
				2495	<li>If there is no encoding declaration, then the input has to be in either
				2496	UTF-8 or UTF-16, if it is not then at some point when processing the
				2497	input, the converter/checker of UTF-8 form will raise an encoding error.
				2498	You may end-up with a garbled document, or no document at all ! Example:
				2499	<pre>~/XML -> ./xmllint err.xml
				2500	err.xml:1: error: Input is not proper UTF-8, indicate encoding !
				2501	<très>là</très>
				2502	^
				2503	err.xml:1: error: Bytes: 0xE8 0x73 0x3E 0x6C
				2504	<très>là</très>
				2505	^</pre>
				2506	</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2507	<li>xmlSwitchEncoding() does an encoding name lookup, canonicalize it, and
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2508	then search the default registered encoding converters for that encoding.
				2509	If it's not within the default set and iconv() support has been compiled
				2510	it, it will ask iconv for such an encoder. If this fails then the parser
				2511	will report an error and stops processing:
				2512	<pre>~/XML -> ./xmllint err2.xml
				2513	err2.xml:1: error: Unsupported encoding UnsupportedEnc
				2514	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UnsupportedEnc"?>
				2515	^</pre>
				2516	</li>
Daniel Veillard	46c5c1d	2002-05-20 07:15:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2517	<li>From that point the encoder processes progressively the input (it is
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2518	plugged as a front-end to the I/O module) for that entity. It captures
				2519	and convert on-the-fly the document to be parsed to UTF-8. The parser
				2520	itself just does UTF-8 checking of this input and process it
				2521	transparently. The only difference is that the encoding information has
				2522	been added to the parsing context (more precisely to the input
				2523	corresponding to this entity).</li>
				2524	<li>The result (when using DOM) is an internal form completely in UTF-8
				2525	with just an encoding information on the document node.</li>
				2526	</ol>
				2527
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2528	<p>Ok then what happens when saving the document (assuming you
				2529	collected/built an xmlDoc DOM like structure) ? It depends on the function
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2530	called, xmlSaveFile() will just try to save in the original encoding, while
				2531	xmlSaveFileTo() and xmlSaveFileEnc() can optionally save to a given
				2532	encoding:</p>
				2533	<ol>
				2534	<li>if no encoding is given, libxml will look for an encoding value
				2535	associated to the document and if it exists will try to save to that
				2536	encoding,
				2537	<p>otherwise everything is written in the internal form, i.e. UTF-8</p>
				2538	</li>
				2539	<li>so if an encoding was specified, either at the API level or on the
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2540	document, libxml will again canonicalize the encoding name, lookup for a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2541	converter in the registered set or through iconv. If not found the
				2542	function will return an error code</li>
				2543	<li>the converter is placed before the I/O buffer layer, as another kind of
				2544	buffer, then libxml will simply push the UTF-8 serialization to through
				2545	that buffer, which will then progressively be converted and pushed onto
				2546	the I/O layer.</li>
				2547	<li>It is possible that the converter code fails on some input, for example
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2548	trying to push an UTF-8 encoded Chinese character through the UTF-8 to
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2549	ISO-8859-1 converter won't work. Since the encoders are progressive they
				2550	will just report the error and the number of bytes converted, at that
				2551	point libxml will decode the offending character, remove it from the
				2552	buffer and replace it with the associated charRef encoding &#123; and
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2553	resume the conversion. This guarantees that any document will be saved
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2554	without losses (except for markup names where this is not legal, this is
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2555	a problem in the current version, in practice avoid using non-ascii
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2556	characters for tags or attributes names @@). A special "ascii" encoding
				2557	name is used to save documents to a pure ascii form can be used when
				2558	portability is really crucial</li>
				2559	</ol>
				2560
				2561	<p>Here is a few examples based on the same test document:</p>
				2562	<pre>~/XML -> ./xmllint isolat1
				2563	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
				2564	<très>là</très>
				2565	~/XML -> ./xmllint --encode UTF-8 isolat1
				2566	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				2567	<trÃ¨s>lÃ </trÃ¨s>
				2568	~/XML -> </pre>
				2569
				2570	<p>The same processing is applied (and reuse most of the code) for HTML I18N
				2571	processing. Looking up and modifying the content encoding is a bit more
				2572	difficult since it is located in a <meta> tag under the <head>,
				2573	so a couple of functions htmlGetMetaEncoding() and htmlSetMetaEncoding() have
				2574	been provided. The parser also attempts to switch encoding on the fly when
				2575	detecting such a tag on input. Except for that the processing is the same
				2576	(and again reuses the same code).</p>
				2577
				2578	<h3><a name="Default">Default supported encodings</a></h3>
				2579
				2580	<p>libxml has a set of default converters for the following encodings
				2581	(located in encoding.c):</p>
				2582	<ol>
				2583	<li>UTF-8 is supported by default (null handlers)</li>
				2584	<li>UTF-16, both little and big endian</li>
				2585	<li>ISO-Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) covering most western languages</li>
				2586	<li>ASCII, useful mostly for saving</li>
				2587	<li>HTML, a specific handler for the conversion of UTF-8 to ASCII with HTML
				2588	predefined entities like &copy; for the Copyright sign.</li>
				2589	</ol>
				2590
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2591	<p>More over when compiled on an Unix platform with iconv support the full
				2592	set of encodings supported by iconv can be instantly be used by libxml. On a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2593	linux machine with glibc-2.1 the list of supported encodings and aliases fill
				2594	3 full pages, and include UCS-4, the full set of ISO-Latin encodings, and the
				2595	various Japanese ones.</p>
				2596
				2597	<h4>Encoding aliases</h4>
				2598
				2599	<p>From 2.2.3, libxml has support to register encoding names aliases. The
				2600	goal is to be able to parse document whose encoding is supported but where
				2601	the name differs (for example from the default set of names accepted by
				2602	iconv). The following functions allow to register and handle new aliases for
				2603	existing encodings. Once registered libxml will automatically lookup the
				2604	aliases when handling a document:</p>
				2605	<ul>
				2606	<li>int xmlAddEncodingAlias(const char name, const char alias);</li>
				2607	<li>int xmlDelEncodingAlias(const char *alias);</li>
				2608	<li>const char * xmlGetEncodingAlias(const char *alias);</li>
				2609	<li>void xmlCleanupEncodingAliases(void);</li>
				2610	</ul>
				2611
				2612	<h3><a name="extend">How to extend the existing support</a></h3>
				2613
				2614	<p>Well adding support for new encoding, or overriding one of the encoders
				2615	(assuming it is buggy) should not be hard, just write an input and output
				2616	conversion routines to/from UTF-8, and register them using
				2617	xmlNewCharEncodingHandler(name, xxxToUTF8, UTF8Toxxx), and they will be
				2618	called automatically if the parser(s) encounter such an encoding name
				2619	(register it uppercase, this will help). The description of the encoders,
				2620	their arguments and expected return values are described in the encoding.h
				2621	header.</p>
				2622
				2623	<p>A quick note on the topic of subverting the parser to use a different
				2624	internal encoding than UTF-8, in some case people will absolutely want to
				2625	keep the internal encoding different, I think it's still possible (but the
				2626	encoding must be compliant with ASCII on the same subrange) though I didn't
				2627	tried it. The key is to override the default conversion routines (by
				2628	registering null encoders/decoders for your charsets), and bypass the UTF-8
				2629	checking of the parser by setting the parser context charset
				2630	(ctxt->charset) to something different than XML_CHAR_ENCODING_UTF8, but
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2631	there is no guarantee that this will work. You may also have some troubles
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2632	saving back.</p>
				2633
				2634	<p>Basically proper I18N support is important, this requires at least
				2635	libxml-2.0.0, but a lot of features and corrections are really available only
				2636	starting 2.2.</p>
				2637
				2638	<h2><a name="IO">I/O Interfaces</a></h2>
				2639
				2640	<p>Table of Content:</p>
				2641	<ol>
				2642	<li><a href="#General1">General overview</a></li>
				2643	<li><a href="#basic">The basic buffer type</a></li>
				2644	<li><a href="#Input">Input I/O handlers</a></li>
				2645	<li><a href="#Output">Output I/O handlers</a></li>
				2646	<li><a href="#entities">The entities loader</a></li>
				2647	<li><a href="#Example2">Example of customized I/O</a></li>
				2648	</ol>
				2649
				2650	<h3><a name="General1">General overview</a></h3>
				2651
				2652	<p>The module <code><a
				2653	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-xmlio.html">xmlIO.h</a></code> provides
				2654	the interfaces to the libxml I/O system. This consists of 4 main parts:</p>
				2655	<ul>
				2656	<li>Entities loader, this is a routine which tries to fetch the entities
				2657	(files) based on their PUBLIC and SYSTEM identifiers. The default loader
				2658	don't look at the public identifier since libxml do not maintain a
				2659	catalog. You can redefine you own entity loader by using
				2660	<code>xmlGetExternalEntityLoader()</code> and
Daniel Veillard	9c46682	2001-10-25 12:03:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2661	<code>xmlSetExternalEntityLoader()</code>. <a href="#entities">Check the
				2662	example</a>.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2663	<li>Input I/O buffers which are a commodity structure used by the parser(s)
				2664	input layer to handle fetching the informations to feed the parser. This
				2665	provides buffering and is also a placeholder where the encoding
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2666	converters to UTF8 are piggy-backed.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2667	<li>Output I/O buffers are similar to the Input ones and fulfill similar
				2668	task but when generating a serialization from a tree.</li>
				2669	<li>A mechanism to register sets of I/O callbacks and associate them with
				2670	specific naming schemes like the protocol part of the URIs.
				2671	<p>This affect the default I/O operations and allows to use specific I/O
				2672	handlers for certain names.</p>
				2673	</li>
				2674	</ul>
				2675
				2676	<p>The general mechanism used when loading http://rpmfind.net/xml.html for
				2677	example in the HTML parser is the following:</p>
				2678	<ol>
				2679	<li>The default entity loader calls <code>xmlNewInputFromFile()</code> with
				2680	the parsing context and the URI string.</li>
				2681	<li>the URI string is checked against the existing registered handlers
				2682	using their match() callback function, if the HTTP module was compiled
				2683	in, it is registered and its match() function will succeeds</li>
				2684	<li>the open() function of the handler is called and if successful will
				2685	return an I/O Input buffer</li>
				2686	<li>the parser will the start reading from this buffer and progressively
				2687	fetch information from the resource, calling the read() function of the
				2688	handler until the resource is exhausted</li>
				2689	<li>if an encoding change is detected it will be installed on the input
				2690	buffer, providing buffering and efficient use of the conversion
				2691	routines</li>
				2692	<li>once the parser has finished, the close() function of the handler is
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2693	called once and the Input buffer and associated resources are
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2694	deallocated.</li>
				2695	</ol>
				2696
				2697	<p>The user defined callbacks are checked first to allow overriding of the
				2698	default libxml I/O routines.</p>
				2699
				2700	<h3><a name="basic">The basic buffer type</a></h3>
				2701
				2702	<p>All the buffer manipulation handling is done using the
				2703	<code>xmlBuffer</code> type define in <code><a
				2704	href="http://xmlsoft.org/html/libxml-tree.html">tree.h</a> </code>which is a
				2705	resizable memory buffer. The buffer allocation strategy can be selected to be
				2706	either best-fit or use an exponential doubling one (CPU vs. memory use
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2707	trade-off). The values are <code>XML_BUFFER_ALLOC_EXACT</code> and
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2708	<code>XML_BUFFER_ALLOC_DOUBLEIT</code>, and can be set individually or on a
				2709	system wide basis using <code>xmlBufferSetAllocationScheme()</code>. A number
				2710	of functions allows to manipulate buffers with names starting with the
				2711	<code>xmlBuffer...</code> prefix.</p>
				2712
				2713	<h3><a name="Input">Input I/O handlers</a></h3>
				2714
				2715	<p>An Input I/O handler is a simple structure
				2716	<code>xmlParserInputBuffer</code> containing a context associated to the
				2717	resource (file descriptor, or pointer to a protocol handler), the read() and
				2718	close() callbacks to use and an xmlBuffer. And extra xmlBuffer and a charset
				2719	encoding handler are also present to support charset conversion when
				2720	needed.</p>
				2721
				2722	<h3><a name="Output">Output I/O handlers</a></h3>
				2723
				2724	<p>An Output handler <code>xmlOutputBuffer</code> is completely similar to an
				2725	Input one except the callbacks are write() and close().</p>
				2726
				2727	<h3><a name="entities">The entities loader</a></h3>
				2728
				2729	<p>The entity loader resolves requests for new entities and create inputs for
				2730	the parser. Creating an input from a filename or an URI string is done
				2731	through the xmlNewInputFromFile() routine. The default entity loader do not
				2732	handle the PUBLIC identifier associated with an entity (if any). So it just
				2733	calls xmlNewInputFromFile() with the SYSTEM identifier (which is mandatory in
				2734	XML).</p>
				2735
				2736	<p>If you want to hook up a catalog mechanism then you simply need to
				2737	override the default entity loader, here is an example:</p>
				2738	<pre>#include <libxml/xmlIO.h>
				2739
				2740	xmlExternalEntityLoader defaultLoader = NULL;
				2741
				2742	xmlParserInputPtr
				2743	xmlMyExternalEntityLoader(const char URL, const char ID,
				2744	xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt) {
				2745	xmlParserInputPtr ret;
				2746	const char *fileID = NULL;
				2747	/* lookup for the fileID depending on ID */
				2748
				2749	ret = xmlNewInputFromFile(ctxt, fileID);
				2750	if (ret != NULL)
				2751	return(ret);
				2752	if (defaultLoader != NULL)
				2753	ret = defaultLoader(URL, ID, ctxt);
				2754	return(ret);
				2755	}
				2756
				2757	int main(..) {
				2758	...
				2759
				2760	/*
				2761	* Install our own entity loader
				2762	*/
				2763	defaultLoader = xmlGetExternalEntityLoader();
				2764	xmlSetExternalEntityLoader(xmlMyExternalEntityLoader);
				2765
				2766	...
				2767	}</pre>
				2768
				2769	<h3><a name="Example2">Example of customized I/O</a></h3>
				2770
				2771	<p>This example come from <a href="http://xmlsoft.org/messages/0708.html">a
				2772	real use case</a>, xmlDocDump() closes the FILE * passed by the application
				2773	and this was a problem. The <a
				2774	href="http://xmlsoft.org/messages/0711.html">solution</a> was to redefine a
				2775	new output handler with the closing call deactivated:</p>
				2776	<ol>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2777	<li>First define a new I/O output allocator where the output don't close
				2778	the file:
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2779	<pre>xmlOutputBufferPtr
				2780	xmlOutputBufferCreateOwn(FILE *file, xmlCharEncodingHandlerPtr encoder) {
				2781	xmlOutputBufferPtr ret;
				2782
				2783	if (xmlOutputCallbackInitialized == 0)
				2784	xmlRegisterDefaultOutputCallbacks();
				2785
				2786	if (file == NULL) return(NULL);
				2787	ret = xmlAllocOutputBuffer(encoder);
				2788	if (ret != NULL) {
				2789	ret->context = file;
				2790	ret->writecallback = xmlFileWrite;
				2791	ret->closecallback = NULL; /* No close callback */
				2792	}
				2793	return(ret); <br>
Daniel Veillard	1eb2424	2002-03-18 11:33:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2794
Daniel Veillard	34ce8be	2002-03-18 19:37:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2795
				2796
Daniel Veillard	1927409	2002-03-25 16:48:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2797
Daniel Veillard	b2fb8ed	2002-04-01 09:33:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2798
Daniel Veillard	7579482	2002-04-11 16:24:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2799
Daniel Veillard	a7084cd	2002-04-15 17:12:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2800
Daniel Veillard	0bfbb42	2002-04-26 09:21:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2801
Daniel Veillard	93d3a47	2002-04-26 14:04:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2802
Daniel Veillard	cf27f7c	2002-04-30 07:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2803
Daniel Veillard	e6d8e20	2002-05-02 06:11:10 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2804
Daniel Veillard	9b6fd30	2002-05-13 12:06:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2805
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2806
Daniel Veillard	2147367	2002-06-17 07:29:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2807
Daniel Veillard	782afda	2002-07-08 15:12:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2808
Daniel Veillard	42766c0	2002-08-22 20:52:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2809
Daniel Veillard	e166254	2002-08-28 11:50:59 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2810
Daniel Veillard	e16b574	2002-09-26 17:50:03 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2811
Daniel Veillard	321be0c	2002-10-08 21:26:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2812
Daniel Veillard	4826743	2002-10-18 11:21:38 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2813
Daniel Veillard	dad3f68	2002-11-17 16:47:27 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2814
Daniel Veillard	c14401e	2002-11-20 14:28:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2815
Daniel Veillard	f9c4cad	2002-11-22 15:57:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2816
Daniel Veillard	9b4bb4d	2002-12-11 19:28:47 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2817
Daniel Veillard	c1eed32	2002-12-12 11:01:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2818
Daniel Veillard	7ef0fcb	2002-12-14 10:38:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2819
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2820
				2821
Daniel Veillard	e2830f1	2003-01-08 17:47:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2822
Daniel Veillard	98d071d	2003-01-10 09:22:44 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2823
				2824
Daniel Veillard	831e8fd	2003-01-25 11:45:34 +0000	[diff] [blame^]	2825
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2826	} </pre>
				2827	</li>
				2828	<li>And then use it to save the document:
				2829	<pre>FILE *f;
				2830	xmlOutputBufferPtr output;
				2831	xmlDocPtr doc;
				2832	int res;
				2833
				2834	f = ...
				2835	doc = ....
				2836
				2837	output = xmlOutputBufferCreateOwn(f, NULL);
				2838	res = xmlSaveFileTo(output, doc, NULL);
				2839	</pre>
				2840	</li>
				2841	</ol>
				2842
				2843	<h2><a name="Catalog">Catalog support</a></h2>
				2844
				2845	<p>Table of Content:</p>
				2846	<ol>
				2847	<li><a href="General2">General overview</a></li>
				2848	<li><a href="#definition">The definition</a></li>
				2849	<li><a href="#Simple">Using catalogs</a></li>
				2850	<li><a href="#Some">Some examples</a></li>
				2851	<li><a href="#reference">How to tune catalog usage</a></li>
				2852	<li><a href="#validate">How to debug catalog processing</a></li>
				2853	<li><a href="#Declaring">How to create and maintain catalogs</a></li>
				2854	<li><a href="#implemento">The implementor corner quick review of the
				2855	API</a></li>
				2856	<li><a href="#Other">Other resources</a></li>
				2857	</ol>
				2858
				2859	<h3><a name="General2">General overview</a></h3>
				2860
				2861	<p>What is a catalog? Basically it's a lookup mechanism used when an entity
				2862	(a file or a remote resource) references another entity. The catalog lookup
				2863	is inserted between the moment the reference is recognized by the software
				2864	(XML parser, stylesheet processing, or even images referenced for inclusion
				2865	in a rendering) and the time where loading that resource is actually
				2866	started.</p>
				2867
				2868	<p>It is basically used for 3 things:</p>
				2869	<ul>
				2870	<li>mapping from "logical" names, the public identifiers and a more
				2871	concrete name usable for download (and URI). For example it can associate
				2872	the logical name
				2873	<p>"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"</p>
				2874	<p>of the DocBook 4.1.2 XML DTD with the actual URL where it can be
				2875	downloaded</p>
				2876	<p>http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd</p>
				2877	</li>
				2878	<li>remapping from a given URL to another one, like an HTTP indirection
				2879	saying that
				2880	<p>"http://www.oasis-open.org/committes/tr.xsl"</p>
				2881	<p>should really be looked at</p>
				2882	<p>"http://www.oasis-open.org/committes/entity/stylesheets/base/tr.xsl"</p>
				2883	</li>
				2884	<li>providing a local cache mechanism allowing to load the entities
				2885	associated to public identifiers or remote resources, this is a really
				2886	important feature for any significant deployment of XML or SGML since it
				2887	allows to avoid the aleas and delays associated to fetching remote
				2888	resources.</li>
				2889	</ul>
				2890
				2891	<h3><a name="definition">The definitions</a></h3>
				2892
				2893	<p>Libxml, as of 2.4.3 implements 2 kind of catalogs:</p>
				2894	<ul>
				2895	<li>the older SGML catalogs, the official spec is SGML Open Technical
				2896	Resolution TR9401:1997, but is better understood by reading <a
				2897	href="http://www.jclark.com/sp/catalog.htm">the SP Catalog page</a> from
				2898	James Clark. This is relatively old and not the preferred mode of
				2899	operation of libxml.</li>
				2900	<li><a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/spec.html">XML
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2901	Catalogs</a> is far more flexible, more recent, uses an XML syntax and
				2902	should scale quite better. This is the default option of libxml.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	2903	</ul>
				2904
				2905	<p></p>
				2906
				2907	<h3><a name="Simple">Using catalog</a></h3>
				2908
				2909	<p>In a normal environment libxml will by default check the presence of a
				2910	catalog in /etc/xml/catalog, and assuming it has been correctly populated,
				2911	the processing is completely transparent to the document user. To take a
				2912	concrete example, suppose you are authoring a DocBook document, this one
				2913	starts with the following DOCTYPE definition:</p>
				2914	<pre><?xml version='1.0'?>
				2915	<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//Norman Walsh//DTD DocBk XML V3.1.4//EN"
				2916	"http://nwalsh.com/docbook/xml/3.1.4/db3xml.dtd"></pre>
				2917
				2918	<p>When validating the document with libxml, the catalog will be
				2919	automatically consulted to lookup the public identifier "-//Norman Walsh//DTD
				2920	DocBk XML V3.1.4//EN" and the system identifier
				2921	"http://nwalsh.com/docbook/xml/3.1.4/db3xml.dtd", and if these entities have
				2922	been installed on your system and the catalogs actually point to them, libxml
				2923	will fetch them from the local disk.</p>
				2924
				2925	<p style="font-size: 10pt"><strong>Note</strong>: Really don't use this
				2926	DOCTYPE example it's a really old version, but is fine as an example.</p>
				2927
				2928	<p>Libxml will check the catalog each time that it is requested to load an
				2929	entity, this includes DTD, external parsed entities, stylesheets, etc ... If
				2930	your system is correctly configured all the authoring phase and processing
				2931	should use only local files, even if your document stays portable because it
				2932	uses the canonical public and system ID, referencing the remote document.</p>
				2933
				2934	<h3><a name="Some">Some examples:</a></h3>
				2935
				2936	<p>Here is a couple of fragments from XML Catalogs used in libxml early
				2937	regression tests in <code>test/catalogs</code> :</p>
				2938	<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
				2939	<!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC
				2940	"-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
				2941	"http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd">
				2942	<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
				2943	<public publicId="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				2944	uri="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd"/>
				2945	...</pre>
				2946
				2947	<p>This is the beginning of a catalog for DocBook 4.1.2, XML Catalogs are
				2948	written in XML, there is a specific namespace for catalog elements
				2949	"urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog". The first entry in this
				2950	catalog is a <code>public</code> mapping it allows to associate a Public
				2951	Identifier with an URI.</p>
				2952	<pre>...
				2953	<rewriteSystem systemIdStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/"
				2954	rewritePrefix="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook/"/>
				2955	...</pre>
				2956
				2957	<p>A <code>rewriteSystem</code> is a very powerful instruction, it says that
				2958	any URI starting with a given prefix should be looked at another URI
				2959	constructed by replacing the prefix with an new one. In effect this acts like
				2960	a cache system for a full area of the Web. In practice it is extremely useful
				2961	with a file prefix if you have installed a copy of those resources on your
				2962	local system.</p>
				2963	<pre>...
				2964	<delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//DTD XML Catalog //"
				2965	catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/>
				2966	<delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//ENTITIES DocBook XML"
				2967	catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/>
				2968	<delegatePublic publicIdStartString="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML"
				2969	catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/>
				2970	<delegateSystem systemIdStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/"
				2971	catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/>
				2972	<delegateURI uriStartString="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/"
				2973	catalog="file:///usr/share/xml/docbook.xml"/>
				2974	...</pre>
				2975
				2976	<p>Delegation is the core features which allows to build a tree of catalogs,
				2977	easier to maintain than a single catalog, based on Public Identifier, System
				2978	Identifier or URI prefixes it instructs the catalog software to look up
				2979	entries in another resource. This feature allow to build hierarchies of
				2980	catalogs, the set of entries presented should be sufficient to redirect the
				2981	resolution of all DocBook references to the specific catalog in
				2982	<code>/usr/share/xml/docbook.xml</code> this one in turn could delegate all
				2983	references for DocBook 4.2.1 to a specific catalog installed at the same time
				2984	as the DocBook resources on the local machine.</p>
				2985
				2986	<h3><a name="reference">How to tune catalog usage:</a></h3>
				2987
				2988	<p>The user can change the default catalog behaviour by redirecting queries
				2989	to its own set of catalogs, this can be done by setting the
				2990	<code>XML_CATALOG_FILES</code> environment variable to a list of catalogs, an
				2991	empty one should deactivate loading the default <code>/etc/xml/catalog</code>
				2992	default catalog</p>
				2993
				2994	<h3><a name="validate">How to debug catalog processing:</a></h3>
				2995
				2996	<p>Setting up the <code>XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</code> environment variable will
				2997	make libxml output debugging informations for each catalog operations, for
				2998	example:</p>
				2999	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> xmllint --memory --noout test/ent2
				3000	warning: failed to load external entity "title.xml"
				3001	orchis:~/XML -> export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG=
				3002	orchis:~/XML -> xmllint --memory --noout test/ent2
				3003	Failed to parse catalog /etc/xml/catalog
				3004	Failed to parse catalog /etc/xml/catalog
				3005	warning: failed to load external entity "title.xml"
				3006	Catalogs cleanup
				3007	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3008
				3009	<p>The test/ent2 references an entity, running the parser from memory makes
				3010	the base URI unavailable and the the "title.xml" entity cannot be loaded.
				3011	Setting up the debug environment variable allows to detect that an attempt is
				3012	made to load the <code>/etc/xml/catalog</code> but since it's not present the
				3013	resolution fails.</p>
				3014
				3015	<p>But the most advanced way to debug XML catalog processing is to use the
				3016	<strong>xmlcatalog</strong> command shipped with libxml2, it allows to load
				3017	catalogs and make resolution queries to see what is going on. This is also
				3018	used for the regression tests:</p>
				3019	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog test/catalogs/docbook.xml \
				3020	"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				3021	http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd
				3022	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3023
				3024	<p>For debugging what is going on, adding one -v flags increase the verbosity
				3025	level to indicate the processing done (adding a second flag also indicate
				3026	what elements are recognized at parsing):</p>
				3027	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog -v test/catalogs/docbook.xml \
				3028	"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				3029	Parsing catalog test/catalogs/docbook.xml's content
				3030	Found public match -//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN
				3031	http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd
				3032	Catalogs cleanup
				3033	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3034
				3035	<p>A shell interface is also available to debug and process multiple queries
				3036	(and for regression tests):</p>
				3037	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog -shell test/catalogs/docbook.xml \
				3038	"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				3039	> help
				3040	Commands available:
				3041	public PublicID: make a PUBLIC identifier lookup
				3042	system SystemID: make a SYSTEM identifier lookup
				3043	resolve PublicID SystemID: do a full resolver lookup
				3044	add 'type' 'orig' 'replace' : add an entry
				3045	del 'values' : remove values
				3046	dump: print the current catalog state
				3047	debug: increase the verbosity level
				3048	quiet: decrease the verbosity level
				3049	exit: quit the shell
				3050	> public "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				3051	http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd
				3052	> quit
				3053	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3054
				3055	<p>This should be sufficient for most debugging purpose, this was actually
				3056	used heavily to debug the XML Catalog implementation itself.</p>
				3057
				3058	<h3><a name="Declaring">How to create and maintain</a> catalogs:</h3>
				3059
				3060	<p>Basically XML Catalogs are XML files, you can either use XML tools to
				3061	manage them or use <strong>xmlcatalog</strong> for this. The basic step is
				3062	to create a catalog the -create option provide this facility:</p>
				3063	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --create tst.xml
				3064	<?xml version="1.0"?>
				3065	<!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
				3066	"http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd">
				3067	<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"/>
				3068	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3069
				3070	<p>By default xmlcatalog does not overwrite the original catalog and save the
				3071	result on the standard output, this can be overridden using the -noout
				3072	option. The <code>-add</code> command allows to add entries in the
				3073	catalog:</p>
				3074	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --noout --create --add "public" \
				3075	"-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" \
				3076	http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd tst.xml
				3077	orchis:~/XML -> cat tst.xml
				3078	<?xml version="1.0"?>
				3079	<!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN" \
				3080	"http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd">
				3081	<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog">
				3082	<public publicId="-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
				3083	uri="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd"/>
				3084	</catalog>
				3085	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3086
				3087	<p>The <code>-add</code> option will always take 3 parameters even if some of
				3088	the XML Catalog constructs (like nextCatalog) will have only a single
				3089	argument, just pass a third empty string, it will be ignored.</p>
				3090
				3091	<p>Similarly the <code>-del</code> option remove matching entries from the
				3092	catalog:</p>
				3093	<pre>orchis:~/XML -> ./xmlcatalog --del \
				3094	"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" tst.xml
				3095	<?xml version="1.0"?>
				3096	<!DOCTYPE catalog PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD Entity Resolution XML Catalog V1.0//EN"
				3097	"http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd">
				3098	<catalog xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"/>
				3099	orchis:~/XML -> </pre>
				3100
				3101	<p>The catalog is now empty. Note that the matching of <code>-del</code> is
				3102	exact and would have worked in a similar fashion with the Public ID
				3103	string.</p>
				3104
				3105	<p>This is rudimentary but should be sufficient to manage a not too complex
				3106	catalog tree of resources.</p>
				3107
				3108	<h3><a name="implemento">The implementor corner quick review of the
				3109	API:</a></h3>
				3110
				3111	<p>First, and like for every other module of libxml, there is an
				3112	automatically generated <a href="html/libxml-catalog.html">API page for
				3113	catalog support</a>.</p>
				3114
				3115	<p>The header for the catalog interfaces should be included as:</p>
				3116	<pre>#include <libxml/catalog.h></pre>
				3117
				3118	<p>The API is voluntarily kept very simple. First it is not obvious that
				3119	applications really need access to it since it is the default behaviour of
				3120	libxml (Note: it is possible to completely override libxml default catalog by
				3121	using <a href="html/libxml-parser.html">xmlSetExternalEntityLoader</a> to
				3122	plug an application specific resolver).</p>
				3123
				3124	<p>Basically libxml support 2 catalog lists:</p>
				3125	<ul>
				3126	<li>the default one, global shared by all the application</li>
				3127	<li>a per-document catalog, this one is built if the document uses the
				3128	<code>oasis-xml-catalog</code> PIs to specify its own catalog list, it is
				3129	associated to the parser context and destroyed when the parsing context
				3130	is destroyed.</li>
				3131	</ul>
				3132
				3133	<p>the document one will be used first if it exists.</p>
				3134
				3135	<h4>Initialization routines:</h4>
				3136
				3137	<p>xmlInitializeCatalog(), xmlLoadCatalog() and xmlLoadCatalogs() should be
				3138	used at startup to initialize the catalog, if the catalog should be
				3139	initialized with specific values xmlLoadCatalog() or xmlLoadCatalogs()
				3140	should be called before xmlInitializeCatalog() which would otherwise do a
				3141	default initialization first.</p>
				3142
				3143	<p>The xmlCatalogAddLocal() call is used by the parser to grow the document
				3144	own catalog list if needed.</p>
				3145
				3146	<h4>Preferences setup:</h4>
				3147
				3148	<p>The XML Catalog spec requires the possibility to select default
				3149	preferences between public and system delegation,
				3150	xmlCatalogSetDefaultPrefer() allows this, xmlCatalogSetDefaults() and
				3151	xmlCatalogGetDefaults() allow to control if XML Catalogs resolution should
				3152	be forbidden, allowed for global catalog, for document catalog or both, the
				3153	default is to allow both.</p>
				3154
				3155	<p>And of course xmlCatalogSetDebug() allows to generate debug messages
				3156	(through the xmlGenericError() mechanism).</p>
				3157
				3158	<h4>Querying routines:</h4>
				3159
				3160	<p>xmlCatalogResolve(), xmlCatalogResolveSystem(), xmlCatalogResolvePublic()
				3161	and xmlCatalogResolveURI() are relatively explicit if you read the XML
				3162	Catalog specification they correspond to section 7 algorithms, they should
				3163	also work if you have loaded an SGML catalog with a simplified semantic.</p>
				3164
				3165	<p>xmlCatalogLocalResolve() and xmlCatalogLocalResolveURI() are the same but
				3166	operate on the document catalog list</p>
				3167
				3168	<h4>Cleanup and Miscellaneous:</h4>
				3169
				3170	<p>xmlCatalogCleanup() free-up the global catalog, xmlCatalogFreeLocal() is
				3171	the per-document equivalent.</p>
				3172
				3173	<p>xmlCatalogAdd() and xmlCatalogRemove() are used to dynamically modify the
				3174	first catalog in the global list, and xmlCatalogDump() allows to dump a
				3175	catalog state, those routines are primarily designed for xmlcatalog, I'm not
				3176	sure that exposing more complex interfaces (like navigation ones) would be
				3177	really useful.</p>
				3178
				3179	<p>The xmlParseCatalogFile() is a function used to load XML Catalog files,
				3180	it's similar as xmlParseFile() except it bypass all catalog lookups, it's
				3181	provided because this functionality may be useful for client tools.</p>
				3182
				3183	<h4>threaded environments:</h4>
				3184
				3185	<p>Since the catalog tree is built progressively, some care has been taken to
				3186	try to avoid troubles in multithreaded environments. The code is now thread
				3187	safe assuming that the libxml library has been compiled with threads
				3188	support.</p>
				3189
				3190	<p></p>
				3191
				3192	<h3><a name="Other">Other resources</a></h3>
				3193
				3194	<p>The XML Catalog specification is relatively recent so there isn't much
				3195	literature to point at:</p>
				3196	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3197	<li>You can find a good rant from Norm Walsh about <a
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3198	href="http://www.arbortext.com/Think_Tank/XML_Resources/Issue_Three/issue_three.html">the
				3199	need for catalogs</a>, it provides a lot of context informations even if
Daniel Veillard	93d3a47	2002-04-26 14:04:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3200	I don't agree with everything presented. Norm also wrote a more recent
				3201	article <a
				3202	href="http://wwws.sun.com/software/xml/developers/resolver/article/">XML
				3203	entities and URI resolvers</a> describing them.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3204	<li>An <a href="http://home.ccil.org/~cowan/XML/XCatalog.html">old XML
				3205	catalog proposal</a> from John Cowan</li>
				3206	<li>The <a href="http://www.rddl.org/">Resource Directory Description
				3207	Language</a> (RDDL) another catalog system but more oriented toward
				3208	providing metadata for XML namespaces.</li>
				3209	<li>the page from the OASIS Technical <a
				3210	href="http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/">Committee on Entity
				3211	Resolution</a> who maintains XML Catalog, you will find pointers to the
				3212	specification update, some background and pointers to others tools
				3213	providing XML Catalog support</li>
Daniel Veillard	35e937a	2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3214	<li>Here is a <a href="buildDocBookCatalog">shell script</a> to generate
				3215	XML Catalogs for DocBook 4.1.2 . If it can write to the /etc/xml/
				3216	directory, it will set-up /etc/xml/catalog and /etc/xml/docbook based on
				3217	the resources found on the system. Otherwise it will just create
				3218	~/xmlcatalog and ~/dbkxmlcatalog and doing:
Daniel Veillard	c575b99	2002-02-08 13:28:40 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3219	<p><code>export XMLCATALOG=$HOME/xmlcatalog</code></p>
Daniel Veillard	35e937a	2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3220	<p>should allow to process DocBook documentations without requiring
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3221	network accesses for the DTD or stylesheets</p>
Daniel Veillard	35e937a	2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3222	</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3223	<li>I have uploaded <a href="ftp://xmlsoft.org/test/dbk412catalog.tar.gz">a
Daniel Veillard	35e937a	2002-01-19 22:21:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3224	small tarball</a> containing XML Catalogs for DocBook 4.1.2 which seems
				3225	to work fine for me too</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3226	<li>The <a href="http://www.xmlsoft.org/xmlcatalog_man.html">xmlcatalog
				3227	manual page</a></li>
				3228	</ul>
				3229
				3230	<p>If you have suggestions for corrections or additions, simply contact
				3231	me:</p>
				3232
				3233	<h2><a name="library">The parser interfaces</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3234
				3235	<p>This section is directly intended to help programmers getting bootstrapped
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3236	using the XML library from the C language. It is not intended to be
				3237	extensive. I hope the automatically generated documents will provide the
				3238	completeness required, but as a separate set of documents. The interfaces of
				3239	the XML library are by principle low level, there is nearly zero abstraction.
				3240	Those interested in a higher level API should <a href="#DOM">look at
				3241	DOM</a>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3242
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3243	<p>The <a href="html/libxml-parser.html">parser interfaces for XML</a> are
				3244	separated from the <a href="html/libxml-htmlparser.html">HTML parser
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3245	interfaces</a>. Let's have a look at how the XML parser can be called:</p>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3246
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3247	<h3><a name="Invoking">Invoking the parser : the pull method</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3248
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3249	<p>Usually, the first thing to do is to read an XML input. The parser accepts
				3250	documents either from in-memory strings or from files. The functions are
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3251	defined in "parser.h":</p>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3252	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3253	<dt><code>xmlDocPtr xmlParseMemory(char *buffer, int size);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3254	<dd><p>Parse a null-terminated string containing the document.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3255	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3256	</dl>
				3257	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3258	<dt><code>xmlDocPtr xmlParseFile(const char *filename);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3259	<dd><p>Parse an XML document contained in a (possibly compressed)
				3260	file.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3261	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3262	</dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3263
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3264	<p>The parser returns a pointer to the document structure (or NULL in case of
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3265	failure).</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3266
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3267	<h3 id="Invoking1">Invoking the parser: the push method</h3>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3268
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3269	<p>In order for the application to keep the control when the document is
				3270	being fetched (which is common for GUI based programs) libxml provides a push
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3271	interface, too, as of version 1.8.3. Here are the interface functions:</p>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3272	<pre>xmlParserCtxtPtr xmlCreatePushParserCtxt(xmlSAXHandlerPtr sax,
				3273	void *user_data,
				3274	const char *chunk,
				3275	int size,
				3276	const char *filename);
				3277	int xmlParseChunk (xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt,
				3278	const char *chunk,
				3279	int size,
				3280	int terminate);</pre>
				3281
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3282	<p>and here is a simple example showing how to use the interface:</p>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3283	<pre> FILE *f;
				3284
				3285	f = fopen(filename, "r");
				3286	if (f != NULL) {
				3287	int res, size = 1024;
				3288	char chars[1024];
				3289	xmlParserCtxtPtr ctxt;
				3290
				3291	res = fread(chars, 1, 4, f);
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3292	if (res > 0) {
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3293	ctxt = xmlCreatePushParserCtxt(NULL, NULL,
				3294	chars, res, filename);
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3295	while ((res = fread(chars, 1, size, f)) > 0) {
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3296	xmlParseChunk(ctxt, chars, res, 0);
				3297	}
				3298	xmlParseChunk(ctxt, chars, 0, 1);
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3299	doc = ctxt->myDoc;
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3300	xmlFreeParserCtxt(ctxt);
				3301	}
				3302	}</pre>
				3303
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3304	<p>The HTML parser embedded into libxml also has a push interface; the
				3305	functions are just prefixed by "html" rather than "xml".</p>
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3306
				3307	<h3 id="Invoking2">Invoking the parser: the SAX interface</h3>
				3308
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3309	<p>The tree-building interface makes the parser memory-hungry, first loading
				3310	the document in memory and then building the tree itself. Reading a document
				3311	without building the tree is possible using the SAX interfaces (see SAX.h and
				3312	<a href="http://www.daa.com.au/~james/gnome/xml-sax/xml-sax.html">James
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3313	Henstridge's documentation</a>). Note also that the push interface can be
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3314	limited to SAX: just use the two first arguments of
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3315	<code>xmlCreatePushParserCtxt()</code>.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3316
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3317	<h3><a name="Building">Building a tree from scratch</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3318
				3319	<p>The other way to get an XML tree in memory is by building it. Basically
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3320	there is a set of functions dedicated to building new elements. (These are
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3321	also described in <libxml/tree.h>.) For example, here is a piece of
				3322	code that produces the XML document used in the previous examples:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3323	<pre> #include <libxml/tree.h>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3324	xmlDocPtr doc;
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3325	xmlNodePtr tree, subtree;
				3326
				3327	doc = xmlNewDoc("1.0");
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3328	doc->children = xmlNewDocNode(doc, NULL, "EXAMPLE", NULL);
				3329	xmlSetProp(doc->children, "prop1", "gnome is great");
				3330	xmlSetProp(doc->children, "prop2", "& linux too");
				3331	tree = xmlNewChild(doc->children, NULL, "head", NULL);
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3332	subtree = xmlNewChild(tree, NULL, "title", "Welcome to Gnome");
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3333	tree = xmlNewChild(doc->children, NULL, "chapter", NULL);
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3334	subtree = xmlNewChild(tree, NULL, "title", "The Linux adventure");
				3335	subtree = xmlNewChild(tree, NULL, "p", "bla bla bla ...");
				3336	subtree = xmlNewChild(tree, NULL, "image", NULL);
				3337	xmlSetProp(subtree, "href", "linus.gif");</pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3338
				3339	<p>Not really rocket science ...</p>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3340
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3341	<h3><a name="Traversing">Traversing the tree</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3342
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3343	<p>Basically by <a href="html/libxml-tree.html">including "tree.h"</a> your
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3344	code has access to the internal structure of all the elements of the tree.
				3345	The names should be somewhat simple like <strong>parent</strong>,
Daniel Veillard	306be99	2000-07-03 12:38:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3346	<strong>children</strong>, <strong>next</strong>, <strong>prev</strong>,
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3347	<strong>properties</strong>, etc... For example, still with the previous
Daniel Veillard	0142b84	2000-01-14 14:45:24 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3348	example:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3349	<pre><code>doc->children->children->children</code></pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3350
				3351	<p>points to the title element,</p>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3352	<pre>doc->children->children->next->children->children</pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3353
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3354	<p>points to the text node containing the chapter title "The Linux
				3355	adventure".</p>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3356
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3357	<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: XML allows <em>PI</em>s and <em>comments</em> to be
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3358	present before the document root, so <code>doc->children</code> may point
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3359	to an element which is not the document Root Element; a function
Daniel Veillard	5cb5ab8	1999-12-21 15:35:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3360	<code>xmlDocGetRootElement()</code> was added for this purpose.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b24054a	1999-12-18 15:32:46 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3361
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3362	<h3><a name="Modifying">Modifying the tree</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3363
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3364	<p>Functions are provided for reading and writing the document content. Here
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3365	is an excerpt from the <a href="html/libxml-tree.html">tree API</a>:</p>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3366	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	dd6b367	1999-09-23 22:19:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3367	<dt><code>xmlAttrPtr xmlSetProp(xmlNodePtr node, const xmlChar *name, const
				3368	xmlChar *value);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3369	<dd><p>This sets (or changes) an attribute carried by an ELEMENT node.
				3370	The value can be NULL.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3371	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3372	</dl>
				3373	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	dd6b367	1999-09-23 22:19:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3374	<dt><code>const xmlChar *xmlGetProp(xmlNodePtr node, const xmlChar
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3375	*name);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	c92c304	2000-09-29 02:42:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3376	<dd><p>This function returns a pointer to new copy of the property
				3377	content. Note that the user must deallocate the result.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3378	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3379	</dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3380
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3381	<p>Two functions are provided for reading and writing the text associated
				3382	with elements:</p>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3383	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	dd6b367	1999-09-23 22:19:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3384	<dt><code>xmlNodePtr xmlStringGetNodeList(xmlDocPtr doc, const xmlChar
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3385	*value);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3386	<dd><p>This function takes an "external" string and converts it to one
				3387	text node or possibly to a list of entity and text nodes. All
				3388	non-predefined entity references like &Gnome; will be stored
				3389	internally as entity nodes, hence the result of the function may not be
				3390	a single node.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3391	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3392	</dl>
				3393	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	dd6b367	1999-09-23 22:19:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3394	<dt><code>xmlChar *xmlNodeListGetString(xmlDocPtr doc, xmlNodePtr list, int
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3395	inLine);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3396	<dd><p>This function is the inverse of
				3397	<code>xmlStringGetNodeList()</code>. It generates a new string
				3398	containing the content of the text and entity nodes. Note the extra
				3399	argument inLine. If this argument is set to 1, the function will expand
				3400	entity references. For example, instead of returning the &Gnome;
				3401	XML encoding in the string, it will substitute it with its value (say,
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3402	"GNU Network Object Model Environment").</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3403	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3404	</dl>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3405
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3406	<h3><a name="Saving">Saving a tree</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3407
				3408	<p>Basically 3 options are possible:</p>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3409	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	dd6b367	1999-09-23 22:19:22 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3410	<dt><code>void xmlDocDumpMemory(xmlDocPtr cur, xmlChar**mem, int
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3411	*size);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3412	<dd><p>Returns a buffer into which the document has been saved.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3413	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3414	</dl>
				3415	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3416	<dt><code>extern void xmlDocDump(FILE *f, xmlDocPtr doc);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3417	<dd><p>Dumps a document to an open file descriptor.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3418	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3419	</dl>
				3420	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3421	<dt><code>int xmlSaveFile(const char *filename, xmlDocPtr cur);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3422	<dd><p>Saves the document to a file. In this case, the compression
				3423	interface is triggered if it has been turned on.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3424	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3425	</dl>
Daniel Veillard	10c6a8f	1998-10-28 01:00:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3426
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3427	<h3><a name="Compressio">Compression</a></h3>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3428
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3429	<p>The library transparently handles compression when doing file-based
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3430	accesses. The level of compression on saves can be turned on either globally
				3431	or individually for one file:</p>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3432	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3433	<dt><code>int xmlGetDocCompressMode (xmlDocPtr doc);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3434	<dd><p>Gets the document compression ratio (0-9).</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3435	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3436	</dl>
				3437	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3438	<dt><code>void xmlSetDocCompressMode (xmlDocPtr doc, int mode);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3439	<dd><p>Sets the document compression ratio.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3440	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3441	</dl>
				3442	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3443	<dt><code>int xmlGetCompressMode(void);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3444	<dd><p>Gets the default compression ratio.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3445	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3446	</dl>
				3447	<dl>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3448	<dt><code>void xmlSetCompressMode(int mode);</code></dt>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3449	<dd><p>Sets the default compression ratio.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3450	</dd>
Daniel Veillard	25940b7	1998-10-29 05:51:30 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3451	</dl>
				3452
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3453	<h2><a name="Entities">Entities or no entities</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3454
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3455	<p>Entities in principle are similar to simple C macros. An entity defines an
				3456	abbreviation for a given string that you can reuse many times throughout the
				3457	content of your document. Entities are especially useful when a given string
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3458	may occur frequently within a document, or to confine the change needed to a
				3459	document to a restricted area in the internal subset of the document (at the
				3460	beginning). Example:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3461	<pre>1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3462	2 <!DOCTYPE EXAMPLE SYSTEM "example.dtd" [
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3463	3 <!ENTITY xml "Extensible Markup Language">
				3464	4 ]>
				3465	5 <EXAMPLE>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3466	6 &xml;
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3467	7 </EXAMPLE></pre>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3468
				3469	<p>Line 3 declares the xml entity. Line 6 uses the xml entity, by prefixing
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3470	its name with '&' and following it by ';' without any spaces added. There
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3471	are 5 predefined entities in libxml allowing you to escape characters with
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3472	predefined meaning in some parts of the xml document content:
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3473	<strong>&lt;</strong> for the character '<', <strong>&gt;</strong>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3474	for the character '>', <strong>&apos;</strong> for the character ''',
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3475	<strong>&quot;</strong> for the character '"', and
				3476	<strong>&amp;</strong> for the character '&'.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3477
				3478	<p>One of the problems related to entities is that you may want the parser to
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3479	substitute an entity's content so that you can see the replacement text in
				3480	your application. Or you may prefer to keep entity references as such in the
				3481	content to be able to save the document back without losing this usually
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3482	precious information (if the user went through the pain of explicitly
				3483	defining entities, he may have a a rather negative attitude if you blindly
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3484	substitute them as saving time). The <a
Daniel Veillard	9cb5ff4	2001-01-29 08:22:21 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3485	href="html/libxml-parser.html#XMLSUBSTITUTEENTITIESDEFAULT">xmlSubstituteEntitiesDefault()</a>
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3486	function allows you to check and change the behaviour, which is to not
				3487	substitute entities by default.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3488
				3489	<p>Here is the DOM tree built by libxml for the previous document in the
				3490	default case:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3491	<pre>/gnome/src/gnome-xml -> ./xmllint --debug test/ent1
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3492	DOCUMENT
				3493	version=1.0
				3494	ELEMENT EXAMPLE
				3495	TEXT
				3496	content=
				3497	ENTITY_REF
				3498	INTERNAL_GENERAL_ENTITY xml
				3499	content=Extensible Markup Language
				3500	TEXT
				3501	content=</pre>
				3502
				3503	<p>And here is the result when substituting entities:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3504	<pre>/gnome/src/gnome-xml -> ./tester --debug --noent test/ent1
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3505	DOCUMENT
				3506	version=1.0
				3507	ELEMENT EXAMPLE
				3508	TEXT
				3509	content= Extensible Markup Language</pre>
				3510
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3511	<p>So, entities or no entities? Basically, it depends on your use case. I
				3512	suggest that you keep the non-substituting default behaviour and avoid using
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3513	entities in your XML document or data if you are not willing to handle the
				3514	entity references elements in the DOM tree.</p>
				3515
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3516	<p>Note that at save time libxml enforces the conversion of the predefined
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3517	entities where necessary to prevent well-formedness problems, and will also
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3518	transparently replace those with chars (i.e. it will not generate entity
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3519	reference elements in the DOM tree or call the reference() SAX callback when
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3520	finding them in the input).</p>
				3521
Daniel Veillard	7b9c4b7	2000-08-25 16:26:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3522	<p><span style="background-color: #FF0000">WARNING</span>: handling entities
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3523	on top of the libxml SAX interface is difficult!!! If you plan to use
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3524	non-predefined entities in your documents, then the learning curve to handle
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3525	then using the SAX API may be long. If you plan to use complex documents, I
Daniel Veillard	7b9c4b7	2000-08-25 16:26:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3526	strongly suggest you consider using the DOM interface instead and let libxml
Daniel Veillard	8c6d6af	2000-08-25 17:14:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3527	deal with the complexity rather than trying to do it yourself.</p>
Daniel Veillard	7b9c4b7	2000-08-25 16:26:50 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3528
Daniel Veillard	2f4dfc4	1999-09-24 14:03:48 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3529	<h2><a name="Namespaces">Namespaces</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3530
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3531	<p>The libxml library implements <a
				3532	href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">XML namespaces</a> support by
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3533	recognizing namespace constructs in the input, and does namespace lookup
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3534	automatically when building the DOM tree. A namespace declaration is
				3535	associated with an in-memory structure and all elements or attributes within
				3536	that namespace point to it. Hence testing the namespace is a simple and fast
				3537	equality operation at the user level.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3538
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3539	<p>I suggest that people using libxml use a namespace, and declare it in the
				3540	root element of their document as the default namespace. Then they don't need
				3541	to use the prefix in the content but we will have a basis for future semantic
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3542	refinement and merging of data from different sources. This doesn't increase
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3543	the size of the XML output significantly, but significantly increases its
				3544	value in the long-term. Example:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3545	<pre><mydoc xmlns="http://mydoc.example.org/schemas/">
				3546	<elem1>...</elem1>
				3547	<elem2>...</elem2>
				3548	</mydoc></pre>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3549
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3550	<p>The namespace value has to be an absolute URL, but the URL doesn't have to
				3551	point to any existing resource on the Web. It will bind all the element and
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3552	attributes with that URL. I suggest to use an URL within a domain you
				3553	control, and that the URL should contain some kind of version information if
				3554	possible. For example, <code>"http://www.gnome.org/gnumeric/1.0/"</code> is a
				3555	good namespace scheme.</p>
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3556
				3557	<p>Then when you load a file, make sure that a namespace carrying the
Daniel Veillard	88f00ae	2000-03-02 00:15:55 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3558	version-independent prefix is installed on the root element of your document,
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3559	and if the version information don't match something you know, warn the user
				3560	and be liberal in what you accept as the input. Also do not try to base
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3561	namespace checking on the prefix value. <foo:text> may be exactly the
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3562	same as <bar:text> in another document. What really matters is the URI
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3563	associated with the element or the attribute, not the prefix string (which is
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3564	just a shortcut for the full URI). In libxml, element and attributes have an
Daniel Veillard	ec30341	2000-03-24 13:41:54 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3565	<code>ns</code> field pointing to an xmlNs structure detailing the namespace
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3566	prefix and its URI.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3567
				3568	<p>@@Interfaces@@</p>
				3569
				3570	<p>@@Examples@@</p>
				3571
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3572	<p>Usually people object to using namespaces together with validity checking.
				3573	I will try to make sure that using namespaces won't break validity checking,
				3574	so even if you plan to use or currently are using validation I strongly
Daniel Veillard	f13e1ed	2000-03-06 07:41:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3575	suggest adding namespaces to your document. A default namespace scheme
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3576	<code>xmlns="http://...."</code> should not break validity even on less
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3577	flexible parsers. Using namespaces to mix and differentiate content coming
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3578	from multiple DTDs will certainly break current validation schemes. I will
				3579	try to provide ways to do this, but this may not be portable or
				3580	standardized.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3581
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3582	<h2><a name="Upgrading">Upgrading 1.x code</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3583
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3584	<p>Incompatible changes:</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3585
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3586	<p>Version 2 of libxml is the first version introducing serious backward
				3587	incompatible changes. The main goals were:</p>
				3588	<ul>
				3589	<li>a general cleanup. A number of mistakes inherited from the very early
				3590	versions couldn't be changed due to compatibility constraints. Example
				3591	the "childs" element in the nodes.</li>
				3592	<li>Uniformization of the various nodes, at least for their header and link
				3593	parts (doc, parent, children, prev, next), the goal is a simpler
				3594	programming model and simplifying the task of the DOM implementors.</li>
				3595	<li>better conformances to the XML specification, for example version 1.x
				3596	had an heuristic to try to detect ignorable white spaces. As a result the
				3597	SAX event generated were ignorableWhitespace() while the spec requires
				3598	character() in that case. This also mean that a number of DOM node
				3599	containing blank text may populate the DOM tree which were not present
				3600	before.</li>
				3601	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3602
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3603	<h3>How to fix libxml-1.x code:</h3>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3604
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3605	<p>So client code of libxml designed to run with version 1.x may have to be
				3606	changed to compile against version 2.x of libxml. Here is a list of changes
				3607	that I have collected, they may not be sufficient, so in case you find other
				3608	change which are required, <a href="mailto:Daniel.Ïeillardw3.org">drop me a
				3609	mail</a>:</p>
				3610	<ol>
				3611	<li>The package name have changed from libxml to libxml2, the library name
				3612	is now -lxml2 . There is a new xml2-config script which should be used to
				3613	select the right parameters libxml2</li>
				3614	<li>Node <strong>childs</strong> field has been renamed
				3615	<strong>children</strong> so s/childs/children/g should be applied
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3616	(probability of having "childs" anywhere else is close to 0+</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3617	<li>The document don't have anymore a <strong>root</strong> element it has
				3618	been replaced by <strong>children</strong> and usually you will get a
				3619	list of element here. For example a Dtd element for the internal subset
				3620	and it's declaration may be found in that list, as well as processing
				3621	instructions or comments found before or after the document root element.
				3622	Use <strong>xmlDocGetRootElement(doc)</strong> to get the root element of
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3623	a document. Alternatively if you are sure to not reference DTDs nor have
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3624	PIs or comments before or after the root element
				3625	s/->root/->children/g will probably do it.</li>
				3626	<li>The white space issue, this one is more complex, unless special case of
				3627	validating parsing, the line breaks and spaces usually used for indenting
				3628	and formatting the document content becomes significant. So they are
				3629	reported by SAX and if your using the DOM tree, corresponding nodes are
				3630	generated. Too approach can be taken:
				3631	<ol>
				3632	<li>lazy one, use the compatibility call
				3633	<strong>xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0)</strong> but be aware that you are
				3634	relying on a special (and possibly broken) set of heuristics of
				3635	libxml to detect ignorable blanks. Don't complain if it breaks or
				3636	make your application not 100% clean w.r.t. to it's input.</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3637	<li>the Right Way: change you code to accept possibly insignificant
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3638	blanks characters, or have your tree populated with weird blank text
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3639	nodes. You can spot them using the commodity function
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3640	<strong>xmlIsBlankNode(node)</strong> returning 1 for such blank
				3641	nodes.</li>
				3642	</ol>
				3643	<p>Note also that with the new default the output functions don't add any
				3644	extra indentation when saving a tree in order to be able to round trip
				3645	(read and save) without inflating the document with extra formatting
				3646	chars.</p>
				3647	</li>
				3648	<li>The include path has changed to $prefix/libxml/ and the includes
				3649	themselves uses this new prefix in includes instructions... If you are
				3650	using (as expected) the
				3651	<pre>xml2-config --cflags</pre>
				3652	<p>output to generate you compile commands this will probably work out of
				3653	the box</p>
				3654	</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3655	<li>xmlDetectCharEncoding takes an extra argument indicating the length in
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3656	byte of the head of the document available for character detection.</li>
				3657	</ol>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3658
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3659	<h3>Ensuring both libxml-1.x and libxml-2.x compatibility</h3>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3660
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3661	<p>Two new version of libxml (1.8.11) and libxml2 (2.3.4) have been released
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3662	to allow smooth upgrade of existing libxml v1code while retaining
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3663	compatibility. They offers the following:</p>
				3664	<ol>
				3665	<li>similar include naming, one should use
				3666	<strong>#include<libxml/...></strong> in both cases.</li>
				3667	<li>similar identifiers defined via macros for the child and root fields:
				3668	respectively <strong>xmlChildrenNode</strong> and
				3669	<strong>xmlRootNode</strong></li>
				3670	<li>a new macro <strong>LIBXML_TEST_VERSION</strong> which should be
				3671	inserted once in the client code</li>
				3672	</ol>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3673
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3674	<p>So the roadmap to upgrade your existing libxml applications is the
				3675	following:</p>
				3676	<ol>
				3677	<li>install the libxml-1.8.8 (and libxml-devel-1.8.8) packages</li>
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3678	<li>find all occurrences where the xmlDoc <strong>root</strong> field is
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3679	used and change it to <strong>xmlRootNode</strong></li>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3680	<li>similarly find all occurrences where the xmlNode
				3681	<strong>childs</strong> field is used and change it to
				3682	<strong>xmlChildrenNode</strong></li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3683	<li>add a <strong>LIBXML_TEST_VERSION</strong> macro somewhere in your
				3684	<strong>main()</strong> or in the library init entry point</li>
				3685	<li>Recompile, check compatibility, it should still work</li>
Daniel Veillard	c0801af	2002-05-28 16:28:42 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3686	<li>Change your configure script to look first for xml2-config and fall
				3687	back using xml-config . Use the --cflags and --libs output of the command
				3688	as the Include and Linking parameters needed to use libxml.</li>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3689	<li>install libxml2-2.3.x and libxml2-devel-2.3.x (libxml-1.8.y and
				3690	libxml-devel-1.8.y can be kept simultaneously)</li>
				3691	<li>remove your config.cache, relaunch your configuration mechanism, and
				3692	recompile, if steps 2 and 3 were done right it should compile as-is</li>
				3693	<li>Test that your application is still running correctly, if not this may
				3694	be due to extra empty nodes due to formating spaces being kept in libxml2
				3695	contrary to libxml1, in that case insert xmlKeepBlanksDefault(1) in your
				3696	code before calling the parser (next to
				3697	<strong>LIBXML_TEST_VERSION</strong> is a fine place).</li>
				3698	</ol>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3699
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3700	<p>Following those steps should work. It worked for some of my own code.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3701
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3702	<p>Let me put some emphasis on the fact that there is far more changes from
				3703	libxml 1.x to 2.x than the ones you may have to patch for. The overall code
				3704	has been considerably cleaned up and the conformance to the XML specification
				3705	has been drastically improved too. Don't take those changes as an excuse to
				3706	not upgrade, it may cost a lot on the long term ...</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3707
Daniel Veillard	52dcab3	2001-10-30 12:51:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3708	<h2><a name="Thread">Thread safety</a></h2>
				3709
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3710	<p>Starting with 2.4.7, libxml makes provisions to ensure that concurrent
Daniel Veillard	52dcab3	2001-10-30 12:51:17 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3711	threads can safely work in parallel parsing different documents. There is
				3712	however a couple of things to do to ensure it:</p>
				3713	<ul>
				3714	<li>configure the library accordingly using the --with-threads options</li>
				3715	<li>call xmlInitParser() in the "main" thread before using any of the
				3716	libxml API (except possibly selecting a different memory allocator)</li>
				3717	</ul>
				3718
				3719	<p>Note that the thread safety cannot be ensured for multiple threads sharing
				3720	the same document, the locking must be done at the application level, libxml
				3721	exports a basic mutex and reentrant mutexes API in <libxml/threads.h>.
				3722	The parts of the library checked for thread safety are:</p>
				3723	<ul>
				3724	<li>concurrent loading</li>
				3725	<li>file access resolution</li>
				3726	<li>catalog access</li>
				3727	<li>catalog building</li>
				3728	<li>entities lookup/accesses</li>
				3729	<li>validation</li>
				3730	<li>global variables per-thread override</li>
				3731	<li>memory handling</li>
				3732	</ul>
				3733
				3734	<p>XPath is supposed to be thread safe now, but this wasn't tested
				3735	seriously.</p>
				3736
Daniel Veillard	3500838	1999-10-25 13:15:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3737	<h2><a name="DOM"></a><a name="Principles">DOM Principles</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3738
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3739	<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/DOM/">DOM</a> stands for the <em>Document
				3740	Object Model</em>; this is an API for accessing XML or HTML structured
				3741	documents. Native support for DOM in Gnome is on the way (module gnome-dom),
				3742	and will be based on gnome-xml. This will be a far cleaner interface to
				3743	manipulate XML files within Gnome since it won't expose the internal
				3744	structure.</p>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3745
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3746	<p>The current DOM implementation on top of libxml is the <a
Daniel Veillard	a47fb3d	2001-03-25 17:23:49 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3747	href="http://cvs.gnome.org/lxr/source/gdome2/">gdome2 Gnome module</a>, this
				3748	is a full DOM interface, thanks to Paolo Casarini, check the <a
				3749	href="http://www.cs.unibo.it/~casarini/gdome2/">Gdome2 homepage</a> for more
				3750	informations.</p>
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3751
Daniel Veillard	3500838	1999-10-25 13:15:52 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3752	<h2><a name="Example"></a><a name="real">A real example</a></h2>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3753
				3754	<p>Here is a real size example, where the actual content of the application
				3755	data is not kept in the DOM tree but uses internal structures. It is based on
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3756	a proposal to keep a database of jobs related to Gnome, with an XML based
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3757	storage structure. Here is an <a href="gjobs.xml">XML encoded jobs
				3758	base</a>:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3759	<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
				3760	<gjob:Helping xmlns:gjob="http://www.gnome.org/some-location">
				3761	<gjob:Jobs>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3762
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3763	<gjob:Job>
				3764	<gjob:Project ID="3"/>
				3765	<gjob:Application>GBackup</gjob:Application>
				3766	<gjob:Category>Development</gjob:Category>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3767
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3768	<gjob:Update>
				3769	<gjob:Status>Open</gjob:Status>
				3770	<gjob:Modified>Mon, 07 Jun 1999 20:27:45 -0400 MET DST</gjob:Modified>
				3771	<gjob:Salary>USD 0.00</gjob:Salary>
				3772	</gjob:Update>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3773
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3774	<gjob:Developers>
				3775	<gjob:Developer>
				3776	</gjob:Developer>
				3777	</gjob:Developers>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3778
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3779	<gjob:Contact>
				3780	<gjob:Person>Nathan Clemons</gjob:Person>
				3781	<gjob:Email>nathan@windsofstorm.net</gjob:Email>
				3782	<gjob:Company>
				3783	</gjob:Company>
				3784	<gjob:Organisation>
				3785	</gjob:Organisation>
				3786	<gjob:Webpage>
				3787	</gjob:Webpage>
				3788	<gjob:Snailmail>
				3789	</gjob:Snailmail>
				3790	<gjob:Phone>
				3791	</gjob:Phone>
				3792	</gjob:Contact>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3793
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3794	<gjob:Requirements>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3795	The program should be released as free software, under the GPL.
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3796	</gjob:Requirements>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3797
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3798	<gjob:Skills>
				3799	</gjob:Skills>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3800
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3801	<gjob:Details>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3802	A GNOME based system that will allow a superuser to configure
				3803	compressed and uncompressed files and/or file systems to be backed
				3804	up with a supported media in the system. This should be able to
				3805	perform via find commands generating a list of files that are passed
				3806	to tar, dd, cpio, cp, gzip, etc., to be directed to the tape machine
				3807	or via operations performed on the filesystem itself. Email
				3808	notification and GUI status display very important.
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3809	</gjob:Details>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3810
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3811	</gjob:Job>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3812
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3813	</gjob:Jobs>
				3814	</gjob:Helping></pre>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3815
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3816	<p>While loading the XML file into an internal DOM tree is a matter of
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3817	calling only a couple of functions, browsing the tree to gather the data and
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3818	generate the internal structures is harder, and more error prone.</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3819
				3820	<p>The suggested principle is to be tolerant with respect to the input
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3821	structure. For example, the ordering of the attributes is not significant,
				3822	the XML specification is clear about it. It's also usually a good idea not to
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3823	depend on the order of the children of a given node, unless it really makes
				3824	things harder. Here is some code to parse the information for a person:</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3825	<pre>/*
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3826	* A person record
				3827	*/
				3828	typedef struct person {
				3829	char *name;
				3830	char *email;
				3831	char *company;
				3832	char *organisation;
				3833	char *smail;
				3834	char *webPage;
				3835	char *phone;
				3836	} person, *personPtr;
				3837
				3838	/*
				3839	* And the code needed to parse it
				3840	*/
				3841	personPtr parsePerson(xmlDocPtr doc, xmlNsPtr ns, xmlNodePtr cur) {
				3842	personPtr ret = NULL;
				3843
				3844	DEBUG("parsePerson\n");
				3845	/*
				3846	* allocate the struct
				3847	*/
				3848	ret = (personPtr) malloc(sizeof(person));
				3849	if (ret == NULL) {
				3850	fprintf(stderr,"out of memory\n");
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3851	return(NULL);
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3852	}
				3853	memset(ret, 0, sizeof(person));
				3854
				3855	/* We don't care what the top level element name is */
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3856	cur = cur->xmlChildrenNode;
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3857	while (cur != NULL) {
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3858	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Person")) && (cur->ns == ns))
				3859	ret->name = xmlNodeListGetString(doc, cur->xmlChildrenNode, 1);
				3860	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Email")) && (cur->ns == ns))
				3861	ret->email = xmlNodeListGetString(doc, cur->xmlChildrenNode, 1);
				3862	cur = cur->next;
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3863	}
				3864
				3865	return(ret);
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3866	}</pre>
				3867
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3868	<p>Here are a couple of things to notice:</p>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3869	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	91e9d58	2001-02-26 07:31:12 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3870	<li>Usually a recursive parsing style is the more convenient one: XML data
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3871	is by nature subject to repetitive constructs and usually exhibits highly
				3872	structured patterns.</li>
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3873	<li>The two arguments of type <em>xmlDocPtr</em> and <em>xmlNsPtr</em>,
				3874	i.e. the pointer to the global XML document and the namespace reserved to
				3875	the application. Document wide information are needed for example to
				3876	decode entities and it's a good coding practice to define a namespace for
				3877	your application set of data and test that the element and attributes
				3878	you're analyzing actually pertains to your application space. This is
				3879	done by a simple equality test (cur->ns == ns).</li>
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3880	<li>To retrieve text and attributes value, you can use the function
				3881	<em>xmlNodeListGetString</em> to gather all the text and entity reference
				3882	nodes generated by the DOM output and produce an single text string.</li>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3883	</ul>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3884
				3885	<p>Here is another piece of code used to parse another level of the
				3886	structure:</p>
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3887	<pre>#include <libxml/tree.h>
Daniel Veillard	361d845	2000-04-03 19:48:13 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3888	/*
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3889	* a Description for a Job
				3890	*/
				3891	typedef struct job {
				3892	char *projectID;
				3893	char *application;
				3894	char *category;
				3895	personPtr contact;
				3896	int nbDevelopers;
				3897	personPtr developers[100]; /* using dynamic alloc is left as an exercise */
				3898	} job, *jobPtr;
				3899
				3900	/*
				3901	* And the code needed to parse it
				3902	*/
				3903	jobPtr parseJob(xmlDocPtr doc, xmlNsPtr ns, xmlNodePtr cur) {
				3904	jobPtr ret = NULL;
				3905
				3906	DEBUG("parseJob\n");
				3907	/*
				3908	* allocate the struct
				3909	*/
				3910	ret = (jobPtr) malloc(sizeof(job));
				3911	if (ret == NULL) {
				3912	fprintf(stderr,"out of memory\n");
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3913	return(NULL);
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3914	}
				3915	memset(ret, 0, sizeof(job));
				3916
				3917	/* We don't care what the top level element name is */
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3918	cur = cur->xmlChildrenNode;
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3919	while (cur != NULL) {
				3920
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3921	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Project")) && (cur->ns == ns)) {
				3922	ret->projectID = xmlGetProp(cur, "ID");
				3923	if (ret->projectID == NULL) {
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3924	fprintf(stderr, "Project has no ID\n");
				3925	}
				3926	}
Daniel Veillard	60979bd	2000-07-10 12:17:33 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3927	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Application")) && (cur->ns == ns))
				3928	ret->application = xmlNodeListGetString(doc, cur->xmlChildrenNode, 1);
				3929	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Category")) && (cur->ns == ns))
				3930	ret->category = xmlNodeListGetString(doc, cur->xmlChildrenNode, 1);
				3931	if ((!strcmp(cur->name, "Contact")) && (cur->ns == ns))
				3932	ret->contact = parsePerson(doc, ns, cur);
				3933	cur = cur->next;
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3934	}
				3935
				3936	return(ret);
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3937	}</pre>
Daniel Veillard	14fff06	1999-06-22 21:49:07 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3938
Daniel Veillard	ec70e91	2001-02-26 20:10:45 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3939	<p>Once you are used to it, writing this kind of code is quite simple, but
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3940	boring. Ultimately, it could be possible to write stubbers taking either C
Daniel Veillard	3d6ae1c	2001-08-15 13:12:39 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3941	data structure definitions, a set of XML examples or an XML DTD and produce
				3942	the code needed to import and export the content between C data and XML
				3943	storage. This is left as an exercise to the reader :-)</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3944
Daniel Veillard	6f0adb5	2000-07-03 11:41:26 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3945	<p>Feel free to use <a href="example/gjobread.c">the code for the full C
				3946	parsing example</a> as a template, it is also available with Makefile in the
				3947	Gnome CVS base under gnome-xml/example</p>
Daniel Veillard	b05deb7	1999-08-10 19:04:08 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3948
Daniel Veillard	c310d56	2000-06-23 18:32:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3949	<h2><a name="Contributi">Contributions</a></h2>
				3950	<ul>
Daniel Veillard	b8cfbd1	2001-10-25 10:53:28 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3951	<li>Bjorn Reese, William Brack and Thomas Broyer have provided a number of
				3952	patches, Gary Pennington worked on the validation API, threading support
				3953	and Solaris port.</li>
				3954	<li>John Fleck helps maintaining the documentation and man pages.</li>
Daniel Veillard	7b4b2f9	2003-01-06 13:11:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3955	<li><a href="mailto:igor@zlatkovic.com">Igor Zlatkovic</a> is now the
				3956	maintainer of the Windows port, <a
				3957	href="http://www.zlatkovic.com/projects/libxml/index.html">he provides
				3958	binaries</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3959	<li><a href="mailto:Gary.Pennington@sun.com">Gary Pennington</a> provides
				3960	<a href="http://garypennington.net/libxml2/">Solaris binaries</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	e356c28	2001-03-10 12:32:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3961	<li><a
				3962	href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/2001-March/msg00014.html">Matt
Daniel Veillard	63d8314	2002-05-20 06:51:05 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3963	Sergeant</a> developed <a
				3964	href="http://axkit.org/download/">XML::LibXSLT</a>, a Perl wrapper for
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3965	libxml2/libxslt as part of the <a href="http://axkit.com/">AxKit XML
				3966	application server</a></li>
				3967	<li><a href="mailto:fnatter@gmx.net">Felix Natter</a> and <a
				3968	href="mailto:geertk@ai.rug.nl">Geert Kloosterman</a> provide <a
Daniel Veillard	ca98976	2001-06-23 17:39:29 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3969	href="libxml-doc.el">an emacs module</a> to lookup libxml(2) functions
Daniel Veillard	3f6f7f6	2000-06-30 17:58:25 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3970	documentation</li>
Daniel Veillard	af43f63	2002-03-08 15:05:20 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3971	<li><a href="mailto:sherwin@nlm.nih.gov">Ziying Sherwin</a> provided <a
				3972	href="http://xmlsoft.org/messages/0488.html">man pages</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	5168dbf	2001-07-07 00:18:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3973	<li>there is a module for <a
				3974	href="http://acs-misc.sourceforge.net/nsxml.html">libxml/libxslt support
				3975	in OpenNSD/AOLServer</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3976	<li><a href="mailto:dkuhlman@cutter.rexx.com">Dave Kuhlman</a> provided the
				3977	first version of libxml/libxslt <a
				3978	href="http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman">wrappers for Python</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	1aadc44	2001-11-28 13:10:32 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3979	<li>Petr Kozelka provides <a
				3980	href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/libxml2-pas">Pascal units to glue
				3981	libxml2</a> with Kylix and Delphi and other Pascal compilers</li>
Daniel Veillard	2d347fa	2002-03-17 10:34:11 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3982	<li><a href="mailto:aleksey@aleksey.com">Aleksey Sanin</a> implemented the
				3983	<a href="http://www.w3.org/Signature/">XML Canonicalization and XML
				3984	Digital Signature</a> <a
				3985	href="http://www.aleksey.com/xmlsec/">implementations for libxml2</a></li>
Daniel Veillard	c310d56	2000-06-23 18:32:15 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3986	</ul>
				3987
Daniel Veillard	c8eab3a	1999-09-04 18:27:23 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3988	<p></p>
Daniel Veillard	ccb0963	1998-10-27 06:21:04 +0000	[diff] [blame]	3989	</body>
				3990	</html>