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| >Video for Linux Two API Specification: Revision 0.24</TH |
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| >Chapter 2. Image Formats</TD |
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| ><H1 |
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| ><A |
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| >2.5. YUV Formats</A |
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| ><DIV |
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| ><DL |
| ><DT |
| ><B |
| >Table of Contents</B |
| ></DT |
| ><DT |
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| >Packed YUV formats</A |
| > -- Packed YUV formats</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4185.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</A |
| > -- Grey-scale image</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4246.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</A |
| > -- Grey-scale image</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4339.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</A |
| > -- Packed format with ½ horizontal chroma |
| resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4484.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</A |
| > -- Variation of |
| <CODE |
| CLASS="CONSTANT" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE |
| > with different order of samples |
| in memory</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4629.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</A |
| > -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma |
| resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r4850.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</A |
| > -- Planar formats with ½ horizontal and |
| vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r5016.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</A |
| > -- Planar formats with ¼ horizontal and |
| vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r5154.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</A |
| > -- Format with ½ horizontal chroma resolution, |
| also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to |
| <CODE |
| CLASS="CONSTANT" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE |
| ></DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r5319.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</A |
| > -- Format with ¼ horizontal chroma resolution, |
| also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to |
| <CODE |
| CLASS="CONSTANT" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</CODE |
| ></DT |
| ><DT |
| ><A |
| HREF="r5470.htm" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</A |
| > -- Formats with ½ horizontal and vertical |
| chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one |
| chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to |
| <CODE |
| CLASS="CONSTANT" |
| >V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</CODE |
| ></DT |
| ></DL |
| ></DIV |
| ><P |
| >YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video |
| signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color |
| information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of |
| red and blue <SPAN |
| CLASS="emphasis" |
| ><I |
| CLASS="EMPHASIS" |
| >color difference</I |
| ></SPAN |
| > signals, this way |
| the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the |
| brightness component. See <A |
| HREF="x2123.htm" |
| >Section 2.2</A |
| > for conversion |
| examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit |
| brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing |
| receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color |
| difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components |
| usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog |
| video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the |
| human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness |
| information.</P |
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