linker.cpp

/*
 * Copyright © 2010 Intel Corporation
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 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
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/**
 * \file linker.cpp
 * GLSL linker implementation
 *
 * Given a set of shaders that are to be linked to generate a final program,
 * there are three distinct stages.
 *
 * In the first stage shaders are partitioned into groups based on the shader
 * type.  All shaders of a particular type (e.g., vertex shaders) are linked
 * together.
 *
 *   - Undefined references in each shader are resolve to definitions in
 *     another shader.
 *   - Types and qualifiers of uniforms, outputs, and global variables defined
 *     in multiple shaders with the same name are verified to be the same.
 *   - Initializers for uniforms and global variables defined
 *     in multiple shaders with the same name are verified to be the same.
 *
 * The result, in the terminology of the GLSL spec, is a set of shader
 * executables for each processing unit.
 *
 * After the first stage is complete, a series of semantic checks are performed
 * on each of the shader executables.
 *
 *   - Each shader executable must define a \c main function.
 *   - Each vertex shader executable must write to \c gl_Position.
 *   - Each fragment shader executable must write to either \c gl_FragData or
 *     \c gl_FragColor.
 *
 * In the final stage individual shader executables are linked to create a
 * complete exectuable.
 *
 *   - Types of uniforms defined in multiple shader stages with the same name
 *     are verified to be the same.
 *   - Initializers for uniforms defined in multiple shader stages with the
 *     same name are verified to be the same.
 *   - Types and qualifiers of outputs defined in one stage are verified to
 *     be the same as the types and qualifiers of inputs defined with the same
 *     name in a later stage.
 *
 * \author Ian Romanick <ian.d.romanick@intel.com>
 */
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>

#include "glsl_symbol_table.h"
#include "glsl_parser_extras.h"
#include "ir.h"
#include "program.h"

/**
 * Visitor that determines whether or not a variable is ever written.
 */
class find_assignment_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   find_assignment_visitor(const char *name)
      : name(name), found(false)
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_assignment *ir)
   {
      ir_variable *const var = ir->lhs->variable_referenced();

      if (strcmp(name, var->name) == 0) {
	 found = true;
	 return visit_stop;
      }

      return visit_continue_with_parent;
   }

   bool variable_found()
   {
      return found;
   }

private:
   const char *name;       /**< Find writes to a variable with this name. */
   bool found;             /**< Was a write to the variable found? */
};


/**
 * Verify that a vertex shader executable meets all semantic requirements
 *
 * \param shader  Vertex shader executable to be verified
 */
bool
validate_vertex_shader_executable(struct glsl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return true;

   if (!shader->symbols->get_function("main")) {
      printf("error: vertex shader lacks `main'\n");
      return false;
   }

   find_assignment_visitor find("gl_Position");
   find.run(&shader->ir);
   if (!find.variable_found()) {
      printf("error: vertex shader does not write to `gl_Position'\n");
      return false;
   }

   return true;
}


/**
 * Verify that a fragment shader executable meets all semantic requirements
 *
 * \param shader  Fragment shader executable to be verified
 */
bool
validate_fragment_shader_executable(struct glsl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return true;

   if (!shader->symbols->get_function("main")) {
      printf("error: fragment shader lacks `main'\n");
      return false;
   }

   find_assignment_visitor frag_color("gl_FragColor");
   find_assignment_visitor frag_data("gl_FragData");

   frag_color.run(&shader->ir);
   frag_data.run(&shader->ir);

   if (!frag_color.variable_found() && !frag_data.variable_found()) {
      printf("error: fragment shader does not write to `gl_FragColor' or "
	     "`gl_FragData'\n");
      return false;
   }

   if (frag_color.variable_found() && frag_data.variable_found()) {
      printf("error: fragment shader write to both `gl_FragColor' and "
	     "`gl_FragData'\n");
      return false;
   }

   return true;
}


/**
 * Perform validation of uniforms used across multiple shader stages
 */
bool
cross_validate_uniforms(struct glsl_shader **shaders, unsigned num_shaders)
{
   /* Examine all of the uniforms in all of the shaders and cross validate
    * them.
    */
   glsl_symbol_table uniforms;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      foreach_list(node, &shaders[i]->ir) {
	 ir_variable *const var = ((ir_instruction *) node)->as_variable();

	 if ((var == NULL) || (var->mode != ir_var_uniform))
	    continue;

	 /* If a uniform with this name has already been seen, verify that the
	  * new instance has the same type.  In addition, if the uniforms have
	  * initializers, the values of the initializers must be the same.
	  */
	 ir_variable *const existing = uniforms.get_variable(var->name);
	 if (existing != NULL) {
	    if (var->type != existing->type) {
	       printf("error: uniform `%s' declared as type `%s' and "
		      "type `%s'\n",
		      var->name, var->type->name, existing->type->name);
	       return false;
	    }

	    if (var->constant_value != NULL) {
	       if (existing->constant_value != NULL) {
		  if (!var->constant_value->has_value(existing->constant_value)) {
		     printf("error: initializers for uniform `%s' have "
			    "differing values\n",
			    var->name);
		     return false;
		  }
	       } else
		  /* If the first-seen instance of a particular uniform did not
		   * have an initializer but a later instance does, copy the
		   * initializer to the version stored in the symbol table.
		   */
		  existing->constant_value = var->constant_value->clone();
	    }
	 } else
	    uniforms.add_variable(var->name, var);
      }
   }

   return true;
}


/**
 * Validate that outputs from one stage match inputs of another
 */
bool
cross_validate_outputs_to_inputs(glsl_shader *producer, glsl_shader *consumer)
{
   glsl_symbol_table parameters;
   /* FINISHME: Figure these out dynamically. */
   const char *const producer_stage = "vertex";
   const char *const consumer_stage = "fragment";

   /* Find all shader outputs in the "producer" stage.
    */
   foreach_list(node, &producer->ir) {
      ir_variable *const var = ((ir_instruction *) node)->as_variable();

      /* FINISHME: For geometry shaders, this should also look for inout
       * FINISHME: variables.
       */
      if ((var == NULL) || (var->mode != ir_var_out))
	 continue;

      parameters.add_variable(var->name, var);
   }


   /* Find all shader inputs in the "consumer" stage.  Any variables that have
    * matching outputs already in the symbol table must have the same type and
    * qualifiers.
    */
   foreach_list(node, &consumer->ir) {
      ir_variable *const input = ((ir_instruction *) node)->as_variable();

      /* FINISHME: For geometry shaders, this should also look for inout
       * FINISHME: variables.
       */
      if ((input == NULL) || (input->mode != ir_var_in))
	 continue;

      ir_variable *const output = parameters.get_variable(input->name);
      if (output != NULL) {
	 /* Check that the types match between stages.
	  */
	 if (input->type != output->type) {
	    printf("error: %s shader output `%s' delcared as type `%s', but "
		   "%s shader input declared as type `%s'\n",
		   producer_stage, output->name, output->type->name,
		   consumer_stage, input->type->name);
	    return false;
	 }

	 /* Check that all of the qualifiers match between stages.
	  */
	 if (input->centroid != output->centroid) {
	    printf("error: %s shader output `%s' %s centroid qualifier, but "
		   "%s shader input %s centroid qualifier\n",
		   producer_stage,
		   output->name,
		   (output->centroid) ? "has" : "lacks",
		   consumer_stage,
		   (input->centroid) ? "has" : "lacks");
	    return false;
	 }

	 if (input->invariant != output->invariant) {
	    printf("error: %s shader output `%s' %s invariant qualifier, but "
		   "%s shader input %s invariant qualifier\n",
		   producer_stage,
		   output->name,
		   (output->invariant) ? "has" : "lacks",
		   consumer_stage,
		   (input->invariant) ? "has" : "lacks");
	    return false;
	 }

	 if (input->interpolation != output->interpolation) {
	    printf("error: %s shader output `%s' specifies %s interpolation "
		   "qualifier, "
		   "but %s shader input specifies %s interpolation "
		   "qualifier\n",
		   producer_stage,
		   output->name,
		   output->interpolation_string(),
		   consumer_stage,
		   input->interpolation_string());
	    return false;
	 }
      }
   }

   return true;
}


void
link_shaders(struct glsl_program *prog)
{
   prog->LinkStatus = false;
   prog->Validated = false;
   prog->_Used = false;

   /* Separate the shaders into groups based on their type.
    */
   struct glsl_shader **vert_shader_list;
   unsigned num_vert_shaders = 0;
   struct glsl_shader **frag_shader_list;
   unsigned num_frag_shaders = 0;

   vert_shader_list = (struct glsl_shader **)
      calloc(2 * prog->NumShaders, sizeof(struct glsl_shader *));
   frag_shader_list =  &vert_shader_list[prog->NumShaders];

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < prog->NumShaders; i++) {
      switch (prog->Shaders[i]->Type) {
      case GL_VERTEX_SHADER:
	 vert_shader_list[num_vert_shaders] = prog->Shaders[i];
	 num_vert_shaders++;
	 break;
      case GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER:
	 frag_shader_list[num_frag_shaders] = prog->Shaders[i];
	 num_frag_shaders++;
	 break;
      case GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER:
	 /* FINISHME: Support geometry shaders. */
	 assert(prog->Shaders[i]->Type != GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
	 break;
      }
   }

   /* FINISHME: Implement intra-stage linking. */
   assert(num_vert_shaders <= 1);
   assert(num_frag_shaders <= 1);

   /* Verify that each of the per-target executables is valid.
    */
   if (!validate_vertex_shader_executable(vert_shader_list[0])
       || !validate_fragment_shader_executable(frag_shader_list[0]))
      goto done;


   /* FINISHME: Perform inter-stage linking. */
   glsl_shader *shader_executables[2];
   unsigned num_shader_executables;

   num_shader_executables = 0;
   if (num_vert_shaders > 0) {
      shader_executables[num_shader_executables] = vert_shader_list[0];
      num_shader_executables++;
   }

   if (num_frag_shaders > 0) {
      shader_executables[num_shader_executables] = frag_shader_list[0];
      num_shader_executables++;
   }

   if (cross_validate_uniforms(shader_executables, num_shader_executables)) {
      /* Validate the inputs of each stage with the output of the preceeding
       * stage.
       */
      for (unsigned i = 1; i < num_shader_executables; i++) {
	 if (!cross_validate_outputs_to_inputs(shader_executables[i - 1],
					       shader_executables[i]))
	    goto done;
      }

      prog->LinkStatus = true;
   }

   /* FINISHME: Perform whole-program optimization here. */

   /* FINISHME: Assign uniform locations. */

   /* FINISHME: Assign vertex shader input locations. */

   /* FINISHME: Assign vertex shader output / fragment shader input
    * FINISHME: locations.
    */

   /* FINISHME: Assign fragment shader output locations. */

   /* FINISHME: Generate code here. */

done:
   free(vert_shader_list);
}