support out-of-tree build

this change adds support for building musl outside of the source
tree. the implementation is similar to autotools where running
configure in a different directory creates config.mak in the current
working directory and symlinks the makefile, which contains the
logic for creating all necessary directories and resolving paths
relative to the source directory.

to support both in-tree and out-of-tree builds with implicit make
rules, all object files are now placed into a separate directory.
diff --git a/configure b/configure
index ee21771..fcfdc15 100755
--- a/configure
+++ b/configure
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
 
 Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
 
+Configuration:
+  --srcdir=DIR            source directory [detected]
+
 Installation directories:
   --prefix=PREFIX         main installation prefix [/usr/local/musl]
   --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   installation prefix for executable files [PREFIX]
@@ -117,6 +120,7 @@
 LDFLAGS_AUTO=
 LDFLAGS_TRY=
 OPTIMIZE_GLOBS=
+srcdir=
 prefix=/usr/local/musl
 exec_prefix='$(prefix)'
 bindir='$(exec_prefix)/bin'
@@ -139,6 +143,7 @@
 for arg ; do
 case "$arg" in
 --help) usage ;;
+--srcdir=*) srcdir=${arg#*=} ;;
 --prefix=*) prefix=${arg#*=} ;;
 --exec-prefix=*) exec_prefix=${arg#*=} ;;
 --bindir=*) bindir=${arg#*=} ;;
@@ -179,11 +184,23 @@
 esac
 done
 
-for i in prefix exec_prefix bindir libdir includedir syslibdir ; do
+for i in srcdir prefix exec_prefix bindir libdir includedir syslibdir ; do
 stripdir $i
 done
 
 #
+# Get the source dir for out-of-tree builds
+#
+if test -z "$srcdir" ; then
+srcdir="${0%/configure}"
+stripdir srcdir
+fi
+abs_builddir="$(pwd)" || fail "$0: cannot determine working directory"
+abs_srcdir="$(cd $srcdir && pwd)" || fail "$0: invalid source directory $srcdir"
+test "$abs_srcdir" = "$abs_builddir" && srcdir=.
+test "$srcdir" != "." -a -f Makefile -a ! -h Makefile && fail "$0: Makefile already exists in the working directory"
+
+#
 # Get a temp filename we can use
 #
 i=0
@@ -263,11 +280,11 @@
 fi
 
 if test "$gcc_wrapper" = yes ; then
-tools="$tools tools/musl-gcc"
+tools="$tools obj/musl-gcc"
 tool_libs="$tool_libs lib/musl-gcc.specs"
 fi
 if test "$clang_wrapper" = yes ; then
-tools="$tools tools/musl-clang tools/ld.musl-clang"
+tools="$tools obj/musl-clang obj/ld.musl-clang"
 fi
 
 #
@@ -321,7 +338,7 @@
 #endif
 x;
 EOF
-if $CC $CFLAGS_C99FSE -I./arch/$ARCH -I./include $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS \
+if $CC $CFLAGS_C99FSE -I$srcdir/arch/$ARCH -I$srcdir/include $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS \
   -c -o /dev/null "$tmpc" >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
 printf "no\n"
 else
@@ -625,7 +642,7 @@
 echo '#if LDBL_MANT_DIG == 53' >> "$tmpc"
 echo 'typedef char ldcheck[9-(int)sizeof(long double)];' >> "$tmpc"
 echo '#endif' >> "$tmpc"
-if $CC $CFLAGS_C99FSE -I./arch/$ARCH -I./include $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS \
+if $CC $CFLAGS_C99FSE -I$srcdir/arch/$ARCH -I$srcdir/include $CPPFLAGS $CFLAGS \
   -c -o /dev/null "$tmpc" >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
 printf "yes\n"
 else
@@ -648,6 +665,7 @@
 ARCH = $ARCH
 SUBARCH = $SUBARCH
 ASMSUBARCH = $ASMSUBARCH
+srcdir = $srcdir
 prefix = $prefix
 exec_prefix = $exec_prefix
 bindir = $bindir
@@ -676,4 +694,6 @@
 test "x$cc_family" = xclang && echo 'WRAPCC_CLANG = $(CC)'
 exec 1>&3 3>&-
 
+test "$srcdir" = "." || ln -sf $srcdir/Makefile .
+
 printf "done\n"