Issue #2534: speed up isinstance() and issubclass() by 50-70%, so as to
match Python 2.5 speed despite the __instancecheck__ / __subclasscheck__
mechanism. In the process, fix a bug where isinstance() and issubclass(),
when given a tuple of classes as second argument, were looking up
__instancecheck__ / __subclasscheck__ on the tuple rather than on each
type object.

Reviewed by Benjamin Peterson and Raymond Hettinger.
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_abc.py b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
index 8fed220..3e0955f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_abc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
@@ -88,15 +88,21 @@
             pass
         b = B()
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, A), False)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, (A,)), False)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), False)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), False)
         A.register(B)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(B, (A,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), True)
         class C(B):
             pass
         c = C()
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(C, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(C, (A,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(c, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(c, (A,)), True)
 
     def test_isinstance_invalidation(self):
         class A:
@@ -105,20 +111,26 @@
             pass
         b = B()
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), False)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), False)
         A.register(B)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(b, (A,)), True)
 
     def test_registration_builtins(self):
         class A:
             __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
         A.register(int)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, (A,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, (A,)), True)
         class B(A):
             pass
         B.register(basestring)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance("", A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance("", (A,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(str, A), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(str, (A,)), True)
 
     def test_registration_edge_cases(self):
         class A:
@@ -141,29 +153,40 @@
         class A:
             __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
         self.failUnless(issubclass(A, A))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(A, (A,)))
         class B:
             __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
         self.failIf(issubclass(A, B))
+        self.failIf(issubclass(A, (B,)))
         self.failIf(issubclass(B, A))
+        self.failIf(issubclass(B, (A,)))
         class C:
             __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
         A.register(B)
         class B1(B):
             pass
         self.failUnless(issubclass(B1, A))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(B1, (A,)))
         class C1(C):
             pass
         B1.register(C1)
         self.failIf(issubclass(C, B))
+        self.failIf(issubclass(C, (B,)))
         self.failIf(issubclass(C, B1))
+        self.failIf(issubclass(C, (B1,)))
         self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, A))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, (A,)))
         self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, B))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, (B,)))
         self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, B1))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(C1, (B1,)))
         C1.register(int)
         class MyInt(int):
             pass
         self.failUnless(issubclass(MyInt, A))
+        self.failUnless(issubclass(MyInt, (A,)))
         self.failUnless(isinstance(42, A))
+        self.failUnless(isinstance(42, (A,)))
 
     def test_all_new_methods_are_called(self):
         class A:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py b/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
index c3a9308..0576b62 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_exceptions.py
@@ -333,7 +333,19 @@
                 return g()
             except ValueError:
                 return -1
-        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, g)
+
+        # The test prints an unraisable recursion error when
+        # doing "except ValueError", this is because subclass
+        # checking has recursion checking too.
+        with captured_output("stderr"):
+            try:
+                g()
+            except RuntimeError:
+                pass
+            except:
+                self.fail("Should have raised KeyError")
+            else:
+                self.fail("Should have raised KeyError")
 
     def testUnicodeStrUsage(self):
         # Make sure both instances and classes have a str and unicode
@@ -363,12 +375,20 @@
             except KeyError:
                 pass
             except:
-                self.fail("Should have raised TypeError")
+                self.fail("Should have raised KeyError")
             else:
-                self.fail("Should have raised TypeError")
-        self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(),
-                         "Exception ValueError: ValueError() in "
-                         "<type 'exceptions.KeyError'> ignored\n")
+                self.fail("Should have raised KeyError")
+
+        with captured_output("stderr") as stderr:
+            def g():
+                try:
+                    return g()
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    return sys.exc_info()
+            e, v, tb = g()
+            self.assert_(e is RuntimeError, e)
+            self.assert_("maximum recursion depth exceeded" in str(v), v)
+
 
 def test_main():
     run_unittest(ExceptionTests)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_typechecks.py b/Lib/test/test_typechecks.py
index 21be62d..32aa660 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_typechecks.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_typechecks.py
@@ -41,26 +41,39 @@
 
     def testIsSubclassBuiltin(self):
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, (Integer,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(float, Integer), False)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(float, (Integer,)), False)
 
     def testIsInstanceBuiltin(self):
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, (Integer,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(3.14, Integer), False)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(3.14, (Integer,)), False)
 
     def testIsInstanceActual(self):
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(Integer(), Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(Integer(), (Integer,)), True)
 
     def testIsSubclassActual(self):
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(Integer, Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(Integer, (Integer,)), True)
 
     def testSubclassBehavior(self):
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(SubInt, Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(SubInt, (Integer,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(SubInt, SubInt), True)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(SubInt, (SubInt,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(Integer, SubInt), False)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(Integer, (SubInt,)), False)
         self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, SubInt), False)
+        self.assertEqual(issubclass(int, (SubInt,)), False)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(SubInt(), Integer), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(SubInt(), (Integer,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(SubInt(), SubInt), True)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(SubInt(), (SubInt,)), True)
         self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, SubInt), False)
+        self.assertEqual(isinstance(42, (SubInt,)), False)
 
     def testInfiniteRecursionCaughtProperly(self):
         e = Evil()