diff --git a/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py b/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
index b9cd9c2..c11affd 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_codeccallbacks.py
@@ -836,6 +836,26 @@
             text = u'abc<def>ghi'*n
             text.translate(charmap)
 
+    def test_fake_error_class(self):
+        handlers = [
+            codecs.strict_errors,
+            codecs.ignore_errors,
+            codecs.replace_errors,
+            codecs.backslashreplace_errors,
+            codecs.xmlcharrefreplace_errors,
+        ]
+        for cls in UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError, UnicodeTranslateError:
+            class FakeUnicodeError(str):
+                __class__ = cls
+            for handler in handlers:
+                self.assertRaises(TypeError, handler, FakeUnicodeError())
+            class FakeUnicodeError(Exception):
+                __class__ = cls
+            for handler in handlers:
+                with self.assertRaises((TypeError, FakeUnicodeError)):
+                    handler(FakeUnicodeError())
+
+
 def test_main():
     test.test_support.run_unittest(CodecCallbackTest)
 
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS b/Misc/NEWS
index c9b0dbe..2726077 100644
--- a/Misc/NEWS
+++ b/Misc/NEWS
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 Core and Builtins
 -----------------
 
+- Issue #24102: Fixed exception type checking in standard error handlers.
+
 Library
 -------
 
diff --git a/Python/codecs.c b/Python/codecs.c
index a901d6d..184d147 100644
--- a/Python/codecs.c
+++ b/Python/codecs.c
@@ -472,15 +472,16 @@
 PyObject *PyCodec_IgnoreErrors(PyObject *exc)
 {
     Py_ssize_t end;
-    if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
+
+    if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
         if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
             return NULL;
     }
-    else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
+    else if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
         if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
             return NULL;
     }
-    else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
+    else if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
         if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
             return NULL;
     }
@@ -500,7 +501,7 @@
     Py_ssize_t end;
     Py_ssize_t i;
 
-    if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
+    if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
         PyObject *res;
         Py_UNICODE *p;
         if (PyUnicodeEncodeError_GetStart(exc, &start))
@@ -517,13 +518,13 @@
         Py_DECREF(res);
         return restuple;
     }
-    else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
+    else if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeDecodeError)) {
         Py_UNICODE res = Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER;
         if (PyUnicodeDecodeError_GetEnd(exc, &end))
             return NULL;
         return Py_BuildValue("(u#n)", &res, (Py_ssize_t)1, end);
     }
-    else if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
+    else if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeTranslateError)) {
         PyObject *res;
         Py_UNICODE *p;
         if (PyUnicodeTranslateError_GetStart(exc, &start))
@@ -548,7 +549,7 @@
 
 PyObject *PyCodec_XMLCharRefReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)
 {
-    if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
+    if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
         PyObject *restuple;
         PyObject *object;
         Py_ssize_t start;
@@ -673,7 +674,7 @@
 
 PyObject *PyCodec_BackslashReplaceErrors(PyObject *exc)
 {
-    if (PyObject_IsInstance(exc, PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
+    if (PyObject_TypeCheck(exc, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_UnicodeEncodeError)) {
         PyObject *restuple;
         PyObject *object;
         Py_ssize_t start;